A compressed air energy storage power generation system and control method

Abstract

The application discloses a compressed air energy storage power generation system and a control method, wherein the system comprises a gas feeding device, a first gas storage chamber, a second gas storage chamber, a third gas storage chamber and a power generation device; the gas feeding device is communicated with the first gas storage chamber through a pipeline; the second gas storage chamber and the third gas storage chamber are both communicated with the first gas storage chamber and the power generation device through pipelines; a control valve and a pressure gauge are arranged on each pipeline, the pressure of the first gas storage chamber is greater than or equal to the sum of the pressures of the second gas storage chamber and the third gas storage chamber, and the pressure of the second gas storage chamber and the pressure of the third gas storage chamber are both the rated pressure of a generator set in the power generation device. The application can improve the gas storage utilization rate, reduce the gas storage pressure loss, improve the gas charging efficiency, maintain the gas pressure stable, and ensure the energy conversion efficiency and stability of the gas power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention discloses a compressed air energy storage power generation system and control method, belonging to the field of compressed air energy storage power generation technology. Background Technology

[0002] Compressed air energy storage is one of the most promising large-scale power storage technologies. Compressed air energy storage power generation technology utilizes equipment to compress air into high-pressure, high-density gas for storage. When power generation is needed, the high-pressure gas is released, and the gas is converted into electricity through the equipment. Since air is inexhaustible and recyclable, it consumes less energy, does not pollute the environment, and is not limited by natural conditions, making its application prospects broad.

[0003] The air storage chamber in compressed air energy storage is generally a closed, rigid pressure vessel with a limited volume. During the venting process, as high-pressure air is discharged, the air volume and pressure inside the storage chamber decrease. When the pressure in the storage chamber is higher than the rated pressure, the system operates normally; when it is lower than the rated pressure, it cannot operate normally. At this time, the residual pressurized gas in the storage chamber can only be stored and cannot be used, wasting the power consumption of the air compressor and occupying valuable space in the storage chamber, resulting in low energy conversion efficiency of compressed air energy storage. To ensure stable venting, the intake air should also remain stable. Generally, a pressure-reducing device is installed at the outlet of the storage chamber to ensure stable intake air, sacrificing some pressure potential energy to exhaust the air from the storage device to a stable pressure for output. However, when the pressure inside the storage chamber drops to the rated outlet pressure set by the pressure stabilizing device, the storage chamber can no longer output compressed air and has to stop working, resulting in low air storage utilization. Therefore, existing compressed air energy storage power generation systems face technical problems such as pressure loss and low gas storage utilization. At the same time, since the gas filling process to reach the rated pressure of the gas storage chamber takes a long time, if the gas pressure in the gas storage chamber cannot be guaranteed in time, it will also affect the stability of power generation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a compressed air energy storage power generation system and control method to solve the technical problems of pressure loss and low gas storage utilization rate in the existing compressed air energy storage power generation system.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention provides a compressed air energy storage and power generation system, comprising an air supply device, a first air storage chamber, a second air storage chamber, a third air storage chamber, and a power generation device;

[0006] The gas delivery device is connected to the first gas storage chamber via a pipeline;

[0007] The second gas storage chamber and the third gas storage chamber are both connected to the first gas storage chamber and the power generation equipment via pipelines;

[0008] Each of the pipelines is equipped with a control valve and a pressure gauge, and the pressure of the first gas storage chamber is greater than or equal to the sum of the pressures of the second and third gas storage chambers. The pressures of the second and third gas storage chambers are both the rated pressures of the generator sets in the corresponding power generation equipment.

[0009] Preferably, both the second and third gas storage chambers are equipped with springs and movable plates;

[0010] The movable plate is located at one end of the corresponding gas storage chamber and is connected to the inner wall of that end by a spring;

[0011] The shape of the movable plate is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the corresponding gas storage chamber, and the dimensions are matched.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a sealing strip;

[0013] The sealing strip is disposed on the movable plate and located on the contact surface between the movable plate and the side wall of the corresponding gas storage chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the first gas storage chamber, the second gas storage chamber, and the third gas storage chamber are all pressure vessels formed of steel plates or reinforced concrete.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a compressed air power generation control method, comprising:

[0016] Open the control valves on the gas delivery equipment and all pipelines, and adjust the control valve between the gas delivery equipment and the first gas storage chamber so that the pressure of the gas flowing into the first gas storage chamber is P1.

[0017] Adjust the control valve between the first and second gas storage chambers so that the pressure of the gas flowing into the second gas storage chamber is P2, where P2 is the rated pressure of the generator set corresponding to the second gas storage chamber.

[0018] Adjust the control valve between the first and third gas storage chambers so that the pressure of the gas flowing into the third gas storage chamber is P3, where P3 is the rated pressure of the generator set corresponding to the third gas storage chamber, and P1 ≥ P2 + P3 and P2 <P3。

[0019] Preferably, the system further includes an energy storage control method, the energy storage control method comprising:

[0020] Open the control valve on the pipeline between the gas supply equipment and the first gas storage chamber, as well as the control valve on the pipeline between the first and second gas storage chambers, and close the control valves on the remaining pipelines;

[0021] The gas supply device fills the first and second gas storage chambers with a pressure value of P2 until the pressure value of the second gas storage chamber reaches P2.

[0022] Close the control valve on the pipeline between the first and second gas storage chambers, and open the control valve on the pipeline between the first and third gas storage chambers;

[0023] The gas supply device fills the first and third gas storage chambers with a pressure value of P3 until the pressure value of the third gas storage chamber reaches P3.

[0024] Close the control valve on the pipeline between the first and third gas storage chambers, increase the outlet pressure of the gas delivery device to P1, and continue to pressurize the first gas storage chamber until the pressure of the first gas storage chamber reaches P1.

[0025] The compressed air energy storage power generation system and control method of the present invention have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0026] This invention only requires one set of air-filling equipment. It only needs to fill the first air storage chamber, and then fill the second and third air storage chambers through the first air storage chamber to generate electricity, so that the overall power consumption of the air compressor unit is relatively small.

[0027] Furthermore, the present invention achieves a relatively stable rated pressure for power generation through the interaction of the gas storage chamber and the spring potential energy, and the joint operation of multiple gas storage chambers can ensure continuous power generation. At the same time, different pressure requirements can be configured according to the power generation capacity of the unit.

[0028] This invention offers convenient system maintenance. In the event of unforeseen circumstances such as single-sided spring maintenance, all spring maintenance, or equipment maintenance, the control valves on the inlet and outlet pipes of each gas storage chamber can be coordinated to store high-pressure gas in the first gas storage chamber for maintenance. When power generation resumes, the rated pressure can be quickly reached, reducing charging time. Although the pressure in the first gas storage chamber is relatively high, it is completely sealed. Besides the charging and discharging pipes, no additional maintenance access is required. This also distributes the pressure in the second and third gas storage chambers, which is beneficial for the structural design and the layout of maintenance access. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the compressed air energy storage and power generation system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram, 1 is the gas supply device; 2 is the first gas storage chamber; 3 is the second gas storage chamber; 4 is the third gas storage chamber; 5 is the power generation device; 6 is the movable plate; 7 is the spring; 8 is the first air inlet pipe; 9 is the second air inlet pipe; 10 is the third air inlet pipe; 11 is the first air outlet pipe; and 12 is the second air outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0031] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the invention can be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the invention with unnecessary detail.

[0032] A first aspect of the present invention provides a compressed air energy storage and power generation system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a gas delivery device 1, a first gas storage chamber 2, a second gas storage chamber 3, a third gas storage chamber 4, and a power generation device 5;

[0033] The air supply device 1 is connected to the first air storage chamber 2 via a pipeline; the function of the air supply device 1 is to compress air to the required pressure and output it continuously. In this embodiment of the invention, the air supply device 1 can be an air compressor.

[0034] The second gas storage chamber 3 and the third gas storage chamber 4 are both connected to the first gas storage chamber 2 and the power generation equipment 5 through pipelines. The function of the power generation equipment 5 is to realize the conversion of gas energy into electrical energy, that is, to drive the generator unit to generate electricity through certain equipment, such as an expander, by releasing the compressed air from the gas storage chamber.

[0035] Each pipeline is equipped with a control valve and a pressure gauge. The pressure in the first gas storage chamber 2 is greater than or equal to the sum of the pressures in the second gas storage chamber 3 and the third gas storage chamber 4. The pressures in the second gas storage chamber 3 and the third gas storage chamber 4 are both the rated pressures of the generator sets in the corresponding power generation equipment 5. In this embodiment of the invention, the first gas storage chamber 2, the second gas storage chamber 3, and the third gas storage chamber 4 are closed rigid pressure vessels with limited volume, used to store air at a certain pressure.

[0036] To improve the stability of the rated pressure required for power generation by the power generation equipment 5, this embodiment of the invention provides a spring 7 and a movable plate 6 in both the second gas storage chamber 3 and the third gas storage chamber 4, which can store a certain amount of potential energy.

[0037] The movable plate 6 is located at one end of the corresponding gas storage chamber and is connected to the inner wall of that end by a spring 7.

[0038] The shape of the movable plate 6 is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the corresponding gas storage chamber, and the size is matched. The movable plate 6 divides the corresponding gas storage chamber into two non-connected parts.

[0039] In this embodiment of the invention, the maximum pressure that the compression spring 7 in the second gas storage chamber 3 can provide is P2; the maximum pressure that the compression spring 7 in the third gas storage chamber 4 can provide is P3.

[0040] Since the gas storage and venting cannot be completely balanced in actual operation, the pressure difference can be replenished in time by releasing the potential energy of spring 7, thus ensuring the stability of the rated pressure.

[0041] Furthermore, to ensure that the two parts of the gas storage chamber are not connected, a sealing strip is also provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0042] The sealing strip is installed on the movable plate 6 and is located on the contact surface between the movable plate 6 and the side wall of the corresponding gas storage chamber.

[0043] In this embodiment of the invention, the first gas storage chamber 2, the second gas storage chamber 3, and the third gas storage chamber 4 are all pressure vessels formed of steel plates or reinforced concrete. They can withstand relatively high pressures.

[0044] A second aspect of the present invention provides a compressed air power generation control method, wherein, during the initial energy storage, the control method for the initial energy storage includes:

[0045] Open the control valve on the first air inlet pipe 8 between the gas supply device 1 and the first air storage chamber 2, and the control valve on the second air inlet pipe 9 between the first air storage chamber 2 and the second air storage chamber 3. Close the control valves on the remaining pipes. Here, the rated pressure P2 of the generator set corresponding to the second air storage chamber 3 is set to be less than the rated pressure P3 of the generator set corresponding to the third air storage chamber 4.

[0046] The air supply device 1 inflates the first air storage chamber 2 and the second air storage chamber 3 with a pressure value of P2. At this time, the spring 7 in the second air storage chamber 3 stores potential energy through compressed air, which is balanced with the pressure of P2. Inflation continues until the pressure value of the second air storage chamber 3 reaches P2. In this embodiment of the invention, the pressure gauge on the first air outlet pipeline 11 between the second air storage chamber 3 and the power generation device 5 determines whether the pressure value of the second air storage chamber 3 has reached P2.

[0047] Then close the control valve on the second air inlet pipe 9 between the first air storage chamber 2 and the second air storage chamber 3, and at the same time open the control valve on the third air inlet pipe 10 between the first air storage chamber 2 and the third air storage chamber 4.

[0048] The air supply device 1 inflates the first air storage chamber 2 and the third air storage chamber 4 with a pressure value of P3. At this time, the spring 7 in the third air storage chamber 4 stores potential energy through compressed air, which is balanced with the pressure of P3. Inflation continues until the pressure value of the third air storage chamber 4 reaches P3. In this embodiment of the invention, the pressure gauge on the second air outlet pipeline 12 between the third air storage chamber 4 and the power generation device 5 determines whether the pressure value of the third air storage chamber 4 has reached P3.

[0049] Then, the control valve on the third air inlet pipe 10 between the first air storage chamber 2 and the third air storage chamber 4 is closed, increasing the outlet pressure of the air supply device 1 to P1, and continuing to pressurize and fill the first air storage chamber 2 until the pressure of the first air storage chamber 2 reaches P1, completing the first air storage, where P1 ≥ P2 + P3. In this embodiment of the invention, the pressure gauge on the first air inlet pipe 8 between the air supply device 1 and the first air storage chamber 2 determines whether the pressure of the first air storage chamber 2 has reached P1.

[0050] The control method for the power generation process in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0051] Open the control valves on the gas supply device 1 and all pipelines, and adjust the control valve on the first inlet pipeline 8 between the gas supply device 1 and the first gas storage chamber 2 so that the pressure of the gas flowing into the first gas storage chamber 2 is always P1; adjust the control valve on the second inlet pipeline 9 between the first gas storage chamber 2 and the second gas storage chamber 3 so that the pressure of the gas flowing into the second gas storage chamber 3 is P2; adjust the control valve on the third inlet pipeline 10 between the first gas storage chamber 2 and the third gas storage chamber 4 so that the pressure of the gas flowing into the third gas storage chamber 4 is P3.

[0052] Since P1 ≥ P2 + P3, the second and third air storage chambers 3 and 4 can remain stable at their rated pressures. Because the gas storage and release processes cannot be perfectly balanced during actual operation, the pressure difference can be replenished promptly by releasing the potential energy of spring 7, ensuring the stability of the rated pressure. Furthermore, since the first air storage chamber 2 always contains a certain amount of compressed air, its supply of compressed air to the second and third air storage chambers 3 and 4 is continuous and stable. Through this stable charging and discharging process, the conversion of air energy into electrical energy is achieved.

[0053] This invention only requires one set of gas filling equipment. It only needs to fill the first gas storage chamber with gas, and then fill the second and third gas storage chambers with gas through the first gas storage chamber for power generation. This can improve the gas storage utilization rate, reduce gas storage pressure loss, improve gas filling efficiency, and maintain stable gas pressure, thus ensuring the energy conversion efficiency and stability of gas power generation.

[0054] Furthermore, the present invention achieves a relatively stable rated pressure for power generation through the interaction of the gas storage chamber and the spring potential energy, and the joint operation of multiple gas storage chambers can ensure continuous power generation. At the same time, different pressure requirements can be configured according to the power generation capacity of the unit.

[0055] This invention offers convenient system maintenance. In the event of unforeseen circumstances such as single-sided spring maintenance, all spring maintenance, or equipment maintenance, the control valves on the inlet and outlet pipes of each gas storage chamber can be coordinated to store high-pressure gas in the first gas storage chamber for maintenance. When power generation resumes, the rated pressure can be quickly reached, reducing charging time. Although the pressure in the first gas storage chamber is relatively high, it is completely sealed. Besides the charging and discharging pipes, no additional maintenance access is required. This also distributes the pressure in the second and third gas storage chambers, which is beneficial for the structural design and the layout of maintenance access.

[0056] The above description is merely a few embodiments of this application and is not intended to limit this application in any way. Although this application discloses preferred embodiments as described above, it is not intended to limit this application. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application using the disclosed technical content are equivalent to equivalent implementation cases and fall within the scope of the technical solution.

Claims

1. A compressed air energy storage and power generation system, characterized in that, It includes gas delivery equipment, a first gas storage chamber, a second gas storage chamber, a third gas storage chamber, and power generation equipment; The gas delivery device is connected to the first gas storage chamber via a pipeline; The second gas storage chamber and the third gas storage chamber are both connected to the first gas storage chamber and the power generation equipment via pipelines; Each of the pipelines is equipped with a control valve and a pressure gauge, and the pressure of the first gas storage chamber is greater than or equal to the sum of the pressures of the second gas storage chamber and the third gas storage chamber. The pressures of the second and third gas storage chambers are both the rated pressures of the generator sets in the corresponding power generation equipment, and the pressure of the second gas storage chamber is less than the pressure of the third gas storage chamber. Both the second and third gas storage chambers are equipped with springs and movable plates; The movable plate is located at one end of the corresponding gas storage chamber and is connected to the inner wall of that end by a spring; The shape of the movable plate is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the corresponding gas storage chamber, and the dimensions are matched.

2. The compressed air energy storage and power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes sealing strips; The sealing strip is disposed on the movable plate and located on the contact surface between the movable plate and the side wall of the corresponding gas storage chamber.

3. The compressed air energy storage and power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first, second, and third gas storage chambers are all pressure vessels formed of steel plates or reinforced concrete.

4. A compressed air power generation control method, characterized in that, include: Open the control valves on the gas delivery equipment and all pipelines, and adjust the control valve between the gas delivery equipment and the first gas storage chamber so that the pressure of the gas flowing into the first gas storage chamber is P1. Adjust the control valve between the first and second gas storage chambers so that the pressure of the gas flowing into the second gas storage chamber is P2, where P2 is the rated pressure of the generator set corresponding to the second gas storage chamber. Adjust the control valve between the first and third gas storage chambers so that the pressure of the gas flowing into the third gas storage chamber is P3, where P3 is the rated pressure of the generator set corresponding to the third gas storage chamber, and P1 ≥ P2 + P3 and P2 <P3; Both the second and third gas storage chambers are equipped with springs and movable plates; The movable plate is located at one end of the corresponding gas storage chamber and is connected to the inner wall of that end by a spring; The shape of the movable plate is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the corresponding gas storage chamber, and the dimensions are matched.

5. The compressed air power generation control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes an energy storage control method, which includes: Open the control valve on the pipeline between the gas supply equipment and the first gas storage chamber, as well as the control valve on the pipeline between the first and second gas storage chambers, and close the control valves on the remaining pipelines; The gas supply device fills the first and second gas storage chambers with a pressure value of P2 until the pressure value of the second gas storage chamber reaches P2. Close the control valve on the pipeline between the first and second gas storage chambers, and open the control valve on the pipeline between the first and third gas storage chambers; The gas supply device fills the first and third gas storage chambers with a pressure value of P3 until the pressure value of the third gas storage chamber reaches P3. Close the control valve on the pipeline between the first and third gas storage chambers, increase the outlet pressure of the gas delivery device to P1, and continue to pressurize the first gas storage chamber until the pressure of the first gas storage chamber reaches P1.

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