Shock absorber test universal fixture, model calibration method, device, apparatus, and medium

Abstract

The application discloses a shock absorber test universal clamp, a shock absorber simulation model checking method, device, equipment and medium. The method part comprises the following steps: obtaining a test modal frequency corresponding to a test modal vibration mode of the shock absorber in a constrained installation state, the test modal frequency being obtained based on a test of the shock absorber by a shock absorber test universal clamp; obtaining a simulation modal frequency corresponding to a simulation modal vibration mode of the shock absorber in a constrained state based on a shock absorber simulation model of the shock absorber; and adjusting a contact stiffness parameter of an inner wall of the shock absorber and a piston rod of the shock absorber in the shock absorber simulation model through the test modal frequency and the simulation modal frequency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vibration damper technology, and in particular to a universal fixture for vibration damper testing, a method, apparatus, equipment and medium for verifying vibration damper models. Background Technology

[0002] The shock absorber is an important component of the vehicle suspension. It connects the steering knuckle to the vehicle body and is a crucial transmission path for transmitting tire and road surface excitation to the vehicle interior, resulting in vibrations. It has a significant impact on noise and vibration in the driver's cabin. The accuracy of the shock absorber model is of paramount importance in whole-vehicle simulation modeling. In traditional solutions, the model is usually built directly using modal test data of the shock absorber, lacking a verification scheme for the simulation model of the shock absorber. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a universal fixture for testing vibration dampers, a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for verifying vibration damper models, in order to solve the problem of the lack of a verification scheme for vibration damper simulation models in the prior art.

[0004] Firstly, a universal fixture for testing vibration dampers is provided, including:

[0005] A base and an operating part disposed on the base, the operating part including a drag mechanism;

[0006] Clamping part and at least two pull rods;

[0007] One end of the pull rod is provided with multiple spaced first limiting posts, and the clamping part is engaged between the first limiting posts at one end of the pull rod. The other end of the pull rod is fixedly connected to the dragging mechanism. The dragging mechanism is used to drive the clamping part to move closer to the base through the pull rod, and clamp the shock absorber located between the base and the clamping part.

[0008] Optionally, the base includes an inner cavity, and the dragging mechanism includes a pressure plate, a rotating component, and a ratchet limiting mechanism. The rotating component is provided with a ratchet and an eccentric wheel. The eccentric wheel is located in the inner cavity, and the ratchet limiting mechanism is located outside the inner cavity to limit the ratchet.

[0009] The other end of the pull rod is inserted into the inner cavity and fixedly connected to the end face of the pressure plate. When the rotating part rotates, it drives the eccentric wheel to rotate and squeeze the pressure plate. The pressure plate pulls the clamping part to move towards the base through the pull rod.

[0010] Optionally, the other end of the pull rod is provided with multiple second limiting posts that are spaced apart, and the pressure plate is engaged between the second limiting posts of the pull rod.

[0011] Optionally, the general-purpose fixture for damper modal testing also includes a first winding rod and a second winding rod, wherein the first winding rod and the second winding rod are disposed on the base;

[0012] One end of the elastic rope is used to be fixedly connected to one end of the first winding rod, the other end of the elastic rope is used to be fixedly connected to one end of the second winding rod, and the middle end of the elastic rope is used to abut against the top of the piston rod of the shock absorber.

[0013] Optionally, the clamping part includes a clamping plate, and the first contact surface of the clamping plate is provided with a first groove for conforming to the outer wall of the shock absorber.

[0014] Optionally, the second contact surface of the clamping plate extends into a derivative portion, and the end face of the derivative portion is provided with a second groove for fitting against the outer wall of the shock absorber.

[0015] Optionally, the base has a third groove on the outer wall facing the clamping part for fitting the outer wall of the shock absorber.

[0016] Optionally, the base includes a first enclosure wall, a second enclosure wall, a third enclosure wall, and a fourth enclosure wall, which sequentially enclose to form an inner cavity.

[0017] Secondly, a method for verifying a vibration damper simulation model is provided, the method including:

[0018] Obtain the test modal frequencies corresponding to the test mode shapes of the vibration damper under constrained installation conditions. The test modal frequencies are obtained by testing the vibration damper using a general-purpose vibration damper testing fixture.

[0019] Based on the vibration damper simulation model, the simulation modal frequencies corresponding to the simulation mode shapes of the vibration damper under constrained conditions are obtained;

[0020] By testing modal frequencies and simulating modal frequencies, the contact stiffness parameters between the inner wall of the damper and the piston rod of the damper in the damper simulation model were adjusted.

[0021] Optionally, the damper constraint states are the same for both the test and simulation.

[0022] Optionally, by testing modal frequencies and simulating modal frequencies, the contact stiffness parameters between the inner wall of the damper and the piston rod of the damper in the damper simulation model are adjusted, including:

[0023] An optimization objective function is established using contact stiffness parameters as optimization parameters and test modal frequencies as optimization targets.

[0024] Based on the optimization objective function and simulation modal frequencies, the contact stiffness parameters between the inner wall of the damper and the piston rod of the damper in the damper simulation model are adjusted.

[0025] Optionally, the following optimization objective function can be established:

[0026] F(f1,f2)=(F1-f1) 2 +(F2-f2)2 ;

[0027] Where F1 and F2 represent the test modal frequencies corresponding to the first and second mode shapes, respectively, and f1 and f2 represent the simulated modal frequencies corresponding to the first and second mode shapes, respectively.

[0028] Optionally, the first mode shape is a first-order mode shape, and the second mode shape is a second-order mode shape.

[0029] Optionally, the test modal frequencies are obtained through the following experiments:

[0030] The shock absorber is preloaded using a universal testing fixture for shock absorbers, so that the height of the piston rod of the shock absorber is the same as the height of the shock absorber in the overall vehicle condition.

[0031] A first number of measuring points are evenly distributed on the piston rod, a second number of measuring points are evenly distributed on the spring base plate of the shock absorber, and a third number of measuring points are evenly distributed on the cylinder of the shock absorber; each of the measuring points is equipped with a vibration sensor.

[0032] The piston top and cylinder top of the damper were selected as the excitation points of the force hammer, respectively, and an excitation test was conducted. The response data fed back by the vibration sensor at each measuring point during the test was obtained.

[0033] The response data is analyzed to obtain the test modal frequency corresponding to the test mode shape of the vibration damper under constrained installation state.

[0034] Thirdly, a vibration damper simulation model verification device is provided, including:

[0035] The first acquisition module is used to acquire the test modal frequency corresponding to the test modal shape of the vibration damper under constrained installation state. The test modal frequency is obtained by testing the vibration damper using a general-purpose vibration damper test fixture.

[0036] The second acquisition module is used to acquire the simulation modal frequencies corresponding to the simulation mode shapes of the vibration damper under constraint conditions based on the vibration damper simulation model.

[0037] The adjustment module is used to adjust the contact stiffness parameters between the inner wall of the damper and the piston rod of the damper in the damper simulation model by testing the modal frequencies and simulating the modal frequencies.

[0038] Fourthly, a vehicle driving abnormality warning device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of any of the aforementioned shock absorber simulation model verification methods.

[0039] Fifthly, a readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the aforementioned vibration damper simulation model verification methods.

[0040] The above-mentioned solution first provides a universal and easy-to-operate vibration damper testing fixture, including a base and an operating part disposed on the base. The operating part includes a drag mechanism, a clamping part, and at least two pull rods. One end of the pull rod is provided with multiple spaced first limiting posts, and the clamping part is engaged between the first limiting posts at one end of the pull rod. The other end of the pull rod is fixedly connected to the drag mechanism. The drag mechanism is used to drive the clamping part closer to the base through the pull rod, clamping the vibration damper located between the base and the clamping part. Since the pull rod and the drag mechanism can be stacked, it can be applied to vibration dampers of different types and sizes. Furthermore, the test modal frequencies obtained after the vibration damper testing fixture test, as well as the simulation modal frequencies corresponding to the simulation modal shapes, are used to verify the vibration damper simulation model, ensuring the accuracy of the vibration damper simulation model. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a universal fixture for testing vibration dampers and a vibration damper in one embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a general-purpose jig for testing vibration dampers in one embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base in one embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping part in one embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating member and the pull rod in one embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure plate in one embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a tie rod in one embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 8This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a universal fixture for testing vibration dampers according to one embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for verifying a vibration damper simulation model in one embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of modal response test points for the damper in one embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the contact position of the shock absorber piston rod at the cylinder sealing end and the piston valve.

[0053] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0054] 1-Base; 11-First enclosure wall; 111-First through hole; 112-Third groove; 12-Second enclosure wall; 121-Sixth through hole; 13-Third enclosure wall; 14-Fourth enclosure wall; 141-Fifth through hole; 15-Inner cavity; 2-Clamping part; 21-Clamping plate; 211-First groove; 212-Fourth through hole; 22-Derivative part; 221-Second groove; 3a-First pull rod; 3b-Second pull rod; 31-First limiting post; 32-First limiting post; 4-Operating part; 41-Pressure plate; 411-Third through hole; 42-Rotating part; 421-Ratchet; 422-Eccentric wheel; 43-Ratchet limiting mechanism; 44-Handle; 5-Shock absorber; 6a-First winding rod; 6b-Second winding rod; 7-Elastic rope. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0056] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0057] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0058] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] Please refer to the following: Figures 1-8 As shown, in one embodiment, this application provides a universal fixture for testing vibration dampers. The universal fixture for testing vibration dampers includes: a base 1 and an operating part 4 disposed on the base 1. The operating part 4 includes a dragging mechanism; a clamping part 2 and at least two pull rods; one end of the pull rod is provided with a plurality of spaced first limiting posts 31, the clamping part 2 is engaged between the first limiting posts 31 at one end of the pull rod, and the other end of the pull rod is fixedly connected to the dragging mechanism. The dragging mechanism is used to drive the clamping part 2 toward the base 1 through the pull rod, clamping the vibration damper 5 located between the base 1 and the clamping part 2.

[0061] In this embodiment, a universal fixture for vibration damper testing is provided. The base 1 can be fixed on the vibration damper test bench. The vibration damper 5 is then vertically placed between the base 1, the clamping part 2, and the pull rod. The pull rod is driven by the dragging mechanism of the operating part 4, causing the clamping part 2 to move closer to the base 1 and clamp the vibration damper 5 located between the base 1 and the clamping part 2. Since there are multiple spaced first limiting posts 31 on the pull rod, the position of the clamping part 2 engaging between two first limiting posts 31 can be adjusted to install vibration dampers 5 with different outer cylinder diameters. Then, the clamping part is dragged closer by the dragging structure to clamp the vibration damper 5 located between the base 1 and the clamping part 2. By pressing the outer cylinder wall of the vibration damper 5, the clamping and fixing function of vibration dampers 5 of different types and sizes for the front and rear suspensions of automobiles can be realized, so that the vibration damper 5 is in a constrained state, which can ensure the rapid implementation of vibration damper modal testing.

[0062] It should be noted that, in one embodiment, the aforementioned tie rods include at least two, such as two, three, or even four, as long as they can form an enclosure around the shock absorber 5; no specific limitation is made. Figure 1As shown, for example, the pull rod 3 includes two rods, namely a first pull rod 3a and a second pull rod 3b. For ease of explanation, the following embodiments and accompanying drawings will use two pull rods as an example. Each of the first pull rod 3a and the second pull rod 3b has a plurality of spaced-apart first limiting posts 31. One end of the clamping part 2 is engaged between the first limiting posts 31 at one end of the first pull rod 3a. The other end of the first pull rod 3a is fixedly connected to one end of the dragging mechanism. One end of the clamping part 2 is engaged between the first limiting posts 31 at one end of the second pull rod 3b. The other end of the second pull rod 3b is fixedly connected to the other end of the dragging mechanism. The shock absorber 5 is located between the first pull rod 3a and the second pull rod 3b. The dragging structure is used to drive the clamping part 2 towards the base 1 through the first pull rod 3a and the second pull rod 3b, clamping the shock absorber 5 located within the area enclosed by the base 1, the clamping part 2, the first pull rod 3a, and the second pull rod 3b. This example provides a specific arrangement of tie rods. By using two tie rods, the purpose of fixing the shock absorber can be achieved, preventing the shock absorber from shifting laterally.

[0063] In one embodiment, the base 1 includes a first enclosure 11, a second enclosure 12, a third enclosure 13, and a fourth enclosure 14. These enclosures sequentially enclose an inner cavity 15, with the first enclosure 11 and the third enclosure 13 being opposite enclosures, and the second enclosure 12 and the fourth enclosure 14 being opposite enclosures. For example, in a specific implementation, the enclosed inner cavity 15 can be square, but this is not specifically limited. In this embodiment, the other end of the first pull rod 3a and the other end of the second pull rod 3b are respectively inserted into the inner cavity 15 through the first through holes 111 on both sides of the first enclosure 11, and partially protrude from the second through holes 131 on both sides of the third enclosure 13. Alternatively, they may be flush with or not even pass through the third enclosure 13, only abutting against the inner wall of the third enclosure 13; this is not specifically limited. In this embodiment, the base 1 forms a through cavity through the four enclosures, which facilitates the installation of the operating part 4.

[0064] In one embodiment, the base 1 includes an inner cavity 45, which may be a through cavity as mentioned in the previous embodiment. Based on this base 1, this application embodiment also provides a specific dragging mechanism. Specifically, the dragging mechanism includes a pressure plate 41, a rotating member 42, and a ratchet limiting mechanism 43. The rotating member 42 is provided with a ratchet 421 and an eccentric wheel 422. The eccentric wheel 422 is located in the inner cavity 15. Specifically, the ratchet 421 is provided at a position slightly above the middle of the rotating member 42, and the eccentric wheel 422 is provided at a position slightly below the middle of the rotating member 42. One end of the rotating member 42 passes through the fourth enclosure wall 14 and is inserted into the inner cavity 15, with the eccentric wheel 422 located in the inner cavity 15. The ratchet 421 is attached to the outer wall surface of the fourth enclosure wall 14. The ratchet 421 cooperates with the ratchet limiting mechanism 43. The ratchet limiting mechanism 43 is located outside the inner cavity 15 to limit the ratchet 421, thereby realizing rotation and fixation.

[0065] The other end of the pull rod is inserted into the inner cavity 15 and fixedly connected to the end face of the pressure plate 41. During operation, when the rotating part 42 rotates, it drives the eccentric wheel 422 to rotate and squeeze the pressure plate 41. Due to the cooperation between the ratchet 421 and the ratchet limiting mechanism 43, when rotating clockwise or counterclockwise, the pressure plate 41 is squeezed and then the pressure plate 41 pulls the clamping part 2 to move towards the base 1 through the pull rod. After being squeezed and fixed, the ratchet 421 is limited by the ratchet limiting mechanism 43 and thus fixed.

[0066] In this embodiment, a specific implementation method of the dragging mechanism is provided to ensure the feasibility of the solution. It is also worth noting that in this embodiment, through the cooperation of ratchet 421, ratchet limiting mechanism 43 and eccentric wheel 422, the clamping part 2 can continuously squeeze and push the shock absorber 5 to achieve fixation.

[0067] It should be noted that, in addition to the above-mentioned arrangement of the dragging mechanism, other dragging mechanism arrangements are also possible, as long as they enable the pull rod to move the clamping part 2 toward the base 1 for fixation. No specific limitation is imposed. For example, in one embodiment, the ratchet 421 and ratchet limiting mechanism 43 can be omitted, and other limiting mechanisms can be used instead. For instance, a plurality of limiting elastic posts parallel to the wall surface of the fourth enclosure 14 extend from the outer wall of the rotating part 42, which is located approximately at the same position as the ratchet 421. Multiple holes are provided on the fourth enclosure 14. When fixing, fixation is achieved by inserting a limiting plate into the fourth enclosure 14. No specific limitation is imposed.

[0068] In one embodiment, a handle 44 is also provided at the other end of the rotating member 42. For example, in a specific implementation, the handle 44 is perpendicular to the rotating member 42, but this is not specifically limited. In this embodiment, by providing the handle 44, the rotating member 42 can be easily rotated. During implementation, the shock absorber 5 can be easily adjusted and fixed.

[0069] In one embodiment, multiple second limiting posts 32 are provided at the other end of each pull rod and are spaced apart. A pressure plate 41 is engaged between the second limiting posts 32 of the pull rod. This embodiment provides a specific method for fixing the pull rod 3 to the dragging mechanism. Based on the aforementioned dragging mechanism, the pull rod is limited by the second limiting posts 32, which is simple and quick. For example, the pressure plate 41 has two third through holes 411 at both ends. The inner wall of each third through hole 411 has a slot that matches the second limiting post 32. The first pull rod 3a passes through one of the third through holes 411, and the second pull rod 3b passes through the other third through hole 411, facilitating the passage and fixation of the pull rods between the second limiting posts 32. For example, each of the first pull rod 3a and the second pull rod 3b has two second limiting posts 32. The specific configuration is not limited and can be adjusted according to requirements.

[0070] In one embodiment, the universal fixture for damper modal testing further includes a first winding rod 6a and a second winding rod 6b, which are disposed on the base 1. One end of an elastic rope 7 is fixedly connected to one end of the first winding rod 6a, and the other end of the elastic rope is fixedly connected to one end of the second winding rod 6b. The middle end of the elastic rope 7 abuts against the top of the piston rod of the damper 5. In one embodiment, both ends of the elastic rope 7 can be directly wound around the first winding rod 6a and the second winding rod 6b, or fixed in other ways, such as by binding; the specific method is not limited.

[0071] In this embodiment, by setting up the winding rod and elastic rope 7, the vibration damper 5 can be placed in the required constrained state, which facilitates testing.

[0072] In one embodiment, the first winding rod 6a and the second winding rod 6b include a vertical rod and a horizontal rod. The two vertical rods are respectively disposed on the two end faces of the first enclosure 11 and perpendicular to the end faces. The horizontal rods extend from the ends of the vertical rods toward the clamping part 2, making the horizontal rods perpendicular to the vertical rods. The two ends of the elastic rope 7 are respectively wound around the two horizontal rods. In this way, since the horizontal rods extend from the ends of the vertical rods toward the clamping part 2, the vibration damper 5 can be better stressed, which is beneficial for convenient and quick construction of the required constraint state.

[0073] It should be noted that the first winding rod 6a and the second winding rod 6b can also be set in other positions on the base, such as on the fourth enclosure wall 14. There is no specific limitation. In order to better set the elastic rope 7, the winding rod structure can be adjusted accordingly. There is no specific limitation.

[0074] In one embodiment, the clamping part 2 includes a clamping plate 21, and the first contact surface of the clamping plate 21 is provided with a first groove 211 for conforming to the outer wall of the shock absorber 5. In another embodiment, a derivative part 22 extends from the second contact surface of the clamping plate 21, and the end face of the derivative part 22 is provided with a second groove 221 for conforming to the outer wall of the shock absorber 5.

[0075] This embodiment provides a specific implementation of the clamping part 2. In this way, the first groove 211 of the clamping plate 21 can serve as the contact surface of the outer cylinder wall, and the second groove 221 of the derived portion of the clamping plate 22 can also serve as the contact surface of the outer cylinder wall of the shock absorber 5. This is flexible and adaptable to different shock absorber structures, facilitating installation. Furthermore, by creating grooves, the clamping plate 21 can better fit the shock absorber 5, thus securing it in place. It should be noted that the form of the groove surface of the first groove 211 or the second groove 221 is not limited in this embodiment; it can be a trapezoidal surface or an arc surface, without specific limitation.

[0076] For example, the clamping plate 21 has two fourth through holes 212 at both ends. The inner wall of the fourth through hole 212 has a slot that matches the first limiting post 31. The first pull rod 3a passes through one of the fourth through holes 212, and the second pull rod 3b passes through the other fourth through hole 212, which facilitates adjustment of the locking position. For example, the first pull rod 3a and the second pull rod 3b are each provided with three first limiting posts 31, but the specific configuration is not limited.

[0077] In one embodiment, the base 1 has a third groove 112 on its outer wall facing the clamping part 2 for fitting against the outer wall of the shock absorber 5. In this embodiment, by creating a groove in the base, the base 1 can better fit against the shock absorber 5, thereby further fixing the shock absorber 5 and creating better test conditions for the shock absorber. It should be noted that the form of the groove surface of the third groove 15 is not limited in this embodiment; it can be a trapezoidal surface or an arc surface, and there is no specific limitation.

[0078] In one embodiment, a fifth through hole 141 is provided on the fourth enclosure 14 for the rotating member 42 to pass through.

[0079] In one embodiment, a sixth through hole 121 is provided on the second enclosure 12, which is used to position the fixture on the vibration damper test bench. It should be noted that it can also be fixed on the vibration damper test bench by other fixing devices, and this embodiment of the application does not limit it.

[0080] In summary, the embodiments of this application provide a universal fixture for testing shock absorbers. It eliminates the need to manufacture special fixtures for specific shock absorbers, saving development costs and time. In addition, due to its high versatility, it saves the cost and time of designing specific fixtures for specific shock absorbers. It is easy to operate, improves testing efficiency, and reduces labor costs. Moreover, by clamping and fixing the shock absorber with the universal fixture, the shock absorber is in a constrained state, and the shock absorber is preloaded by the elastic rope, making the shock absorber closer to the stress state of the actual vehicle, and making the modal test results more accurate.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] It is understandable that automotive shock absorbers are an important component of automotive suspension. Connecting the steering knuckle to the vehicle body, the shock absorber is a crucial transmission path for transferring tire and road surface excitation to the vehicle interior, significantly impacting cabin noise and vibration. The accuracy of the shock absorber model is paramount in vehicle simulation modeling. Therefore, during automotive development, it is necessary to test the modal distribution of the shock absorber and verify the parameters in the simulation model. Traditional methods typically involve directly building a simulation model based on test data provided by specific fixtures, resulting in relatively poor accuracy. In this embodiment, based on the general-purpose shock absorber testing fixture or other fixtures provided in this embodiment, this application provides a method for verifying the shock absorber simulation model, which is described below.

[0083] In one embodiment, such as Figure 9 As shown, a method for verifying a vibration damper simulation model is provided, which includes the following steps:

[0084] S10: Obtain the test modal frequency corresponding to the test mode shape of the vibration damper under constrained installation state. The test modal frequency is obtained by testing the vibration damper using a general-purpose vibration damper test fixture.

[0085] In this embodiment, it is first necessary to build test conditions based on the universal vibration damper test fixture or other vibration damper test fixtures provided in the embodiments of this application. This embodiment takes the universal vibration damper test fixture provided in this application as an example for illustration.

[0086] The test conditions include the equipment or instruments shown in Table 1 below:

[0087] Table 1 Test Equipment

[0088]

[0089] Generally, it includes the following process:

[0090] a. Fix the universal vibration damper test fixture onto the vibration damper test bench;

[0091] In one embodiment, to minimize the impact of background noise, the vibration damper test bench is provided with sufficient fixed support, thereby ensuring accurate and reliable test results.

[0092] b. Use a universal damper testing fixture to clamp and fix the damper under test;

[0093] During this process, for different types of vibration dampers, due to the different outer cylinder diameters of the vibration dampers, the clamping part 2 of the universal vibration damper testing fixture is selected to fit the groove of the vibration damper (first groove 211 or second groove 221). The vibration damper is placed between the base 1 and the component clamping part 2, with the grooves of these two parts close to the outer cylinder wall of the vibration damper, so that the vibration damper is placed vertically. Limiting is achieved by a pull rod, allowing the installation of vibration dampers with different outer cylinder diameters. After the entire mechanism is assembled, the ratchet limiting mechanism 43 on the upper part of the base 1 is opened, and the handle 44 of the operating part 4 is rotated. The eccentric wheel 422 presses the pressure plate 41, causing the clamping part 2 base 1 to move and clamp the vibration damper. When the vibration damper is clamped to meet the testing requirements, the ratchet limiting mechanism 43 is released, and the vibration damper 5 is fixed. The working principle of the ratchet limiting mechanism 43 and the ratchet 421 in cooperation for fixing and limiting is not explained in detail here.

[0094] c. Preload the shock absorber using an elastic rope, that is, limit the piston rod height to a preset height, such as the overall height of the shock absorber in the vehicle state.

[0095] It is understandable that shock absorbers are highly nonlinear components, and in small displacement engineering applications they can be approximated as linear objects. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the individual test state is consistent with the whole vehicle state, and the shock absorber is generally kept at the height of the whole vehicle state.

[0096] d. Arrange modal response test points on the vibration damper;

[0097] like Figure 10 As shown, in one embodiment, a first number of measuring points are evenly distributed on the piston rod, a second number of measuring points are evenly distributed on the spring base plate of the shock absorber, and a third number of measuring points are evenly distributed on the cylinder of the shock absorber. Each measuring point is equipped with a vibration sensor. For example, two measuring points (hs1 and hs2) are evenly distributed on the piston rod, three measuring points (th1, th2, and th3) ​​are evenly distributed on the spring base plate, and three measuring points (gt1, gt2, and gt3) are evenly distributed on the cylinder of the shock absorber. A triaxial accelerometer is arranged at these measuring points. The selected measuring points can reflect the external shape characteristics of the shock absorber structure, avoid modal nodes of each order, and facilitate obtaining effective test data. It should be noted that... Figure 10 The arrangement positions and number of response points shown are merely illustrative examples. In practical applications, adaptations can be made based on these, meaning that the first, second, and third numbers are configurable. Specific embodiments of this application are not limited.

[0098] e. Use a force hammer test to obtain the test modal frequency corresponding to the test mode shape of the vibration damper under constrained installation condition.

[0099] In this embodiment, the piston tip and cylinder tip of the vibration damper can be selected as excitation points for a force hammer test, and the response data fed back by the vibration sensor at each measuring point during the test can be obtained. The response data is analyzed to obtain the test modal frequency corresponding to the test mode shape of the vibration damper under constrained installation. For example, for each excitation point, a frequency response curve with good consistency and high coherence is selected and saved at least a preset number of times. The preset number of times can be five times, or other numbers, such as six times, etc., without specifying the exact number. Then, the impactTesting module of LMS (Signature Testing-Advanced) software is used to post-process the data to obtain the frequency response transfer function in PolyMAX, thereby obtaining the mode shape and frequency of the vibration damper under the test constrained installation state, which is recorded as the test modal frequency corresponding to the test mode shape. The test data is collected using a vibration measurement system.

[0100] It is also worth noting that the use of a hammer excitation force as the excitation source during the experiment enabled a good measurement of the two bending modes under the constraint state of the damper.

[0101] In one embodiment, the modal shape includes a first modal shape and a second modal shape. For example, the first modal shape is a first-order modal shape, and the second modal shape is a second-order modal shape. Taking this as an example, the test results are as follows:

[0102] Table 2 Test Modal Results

[0103] First order overall 140 Second order Piston rod 320

[0104] Based on this, the two modes and frequencies of the vibration damper in the 0-400Hz frequency range under a fixed state are obtained.

[0105] S20: Based on the vibration damper simulation model, obtain the simulation modal frequency corresponding to the simulation mode shape of the vibration damper under constraint.

[0106] In this step, a vibration damper simulation model can be established using simulation software. For example, the vibration damper simulation model can be established using a finite element analysis model, but the specific method is not limited. In one embodiment, the vibration damper under test and simulation has the same constraint state. Maintaining the same constraint state can further ensure the accuracy of subsequent verification, thereby improving the accuracy of the vibration damper simulation model.

[0107] Taking the above test as an example, the simulated modes and frequencies of the vibration damper under the same single-unit constraint are calculated and denoted as the simulated modal frequencies corresponding to the simulated mode shape.

[0108] Taking Table 2 as an example, the simulation modal results corresponding to Table 3 are obtained below.

[0109] Table 3 Simulation Modal Results

[0110] First order overall 207 Second order Piston rod 382

[0111] S30: Adjust the contact stiffness parameters between the inner wall of the damper and the piston rod of the damper in the damper simulation model by testing the modal frequencies and simulating the modal frequencies.

[0112] like Figure 11 As shown, in this embodiment, the contact stiffness between the piston rod and the inner wall of the damper is used as the optimization parameter, and the natural modal frequency under the test state is used as the target to adjust the stiffness parameter of the established damper simulation model, thereby obtaining the verified equivalent stiffness to verify the damper simulation model.

[0113] For example, the contact stiffness of the shock absorber piston rod at the cylinder sealing end and at the piston valve is unknown, such as... Figure 11 As shown in K1 and K2, in this embodiment, the equivalent stiffness parameters at the above-mentioned positions can be optimized.

[0114] Finally, by testing the modal frequencies and simulating the modal frequencies, the contact stiffness parameters between the inner wall of the damper and the piston rod of the damper in the damper simulation model can be adjusted to obtain the equivalent stiffness parameters of the actual damper, thereby optimizing the damper simulation model and making it more accurate and more valuable for application.

[0115] In one implementation, the contact stiffness parameters between the inner wall of the damper and the piston rod of the damper in the damper simulation model are adjusted by testing modal frequencies and simulating modal frequencies. This includes: establishing an optimization objective function with the contact stiffness parameters as optimization parameters and the tested modal frequencies as the optimization target; and adjusting the contact stiffness parameters between the inner wall of the damper and the piston rod of the damper in the damper simulation model based on the optimization objective function and the simulated modal frequencies.

[0116] In one embodiment, the following optimization objective function is established:

[0117] F(f1,f2)=(F1-f1) 2 +(F2-f2) 2 ;

[0118] Where F1 and F2 represent the test modal frequencies corresponding to the first and second mode shapes, respectively, and f1 and f2 represent the simulated modal frequencies corresponding to the first and second mode shapes, respectively.

[0119] Based on the establishment of the finite element model of the vibration damper, as shown in the table below, during the optimization process, different stiffness parameters are assigned to the contact spring between the piston rod and the inner wall of the vibration damper. In the Optistruct software, the first and second natural modal frequencies of the test mode are used as the optimization targets for iteration. The least squares method is used to optimize the equivalent stiffness, so that the stiffness parameters of the vibration damper simulation model are close to the actual stiffness.

[0120] Table 4 Optimization Iteration Process

[0121] Target 140 320 Group 1 207 382 Group 2 160 340 Group 3 145 314

[0122] As can be seen, this embodiment provides a method for verifying the simulation model of a shock absorber. By optimizing the unknown parameter contact stiffness with the experimental modal natural frequency as the target, the finite element simulation model is calibrated, providing effective support for single-unit analysis and whole-vehicle simulation.

[0123] In summary, based on Embodiments 1 and 2, this application firstly provides a universal and easy-to-operate vibration damper testing and fixing solution applicable to vibration dampers of different types and sizes. Specifically, it includes a groove designed to fit the circular cross-section of the vibration damper cylinder, ensuring the vibration damper is installed perpendicular to the test platform. Secondly, an elastic rope constrains the working height of the piston rod, facilitating a close approximation of the vibration damper's working state. Thirdly, the test platform modes are above 500Hz, ensuring the testing process is unaffected by the 0-400Hz frequency range of the test platform. Furthermore, the use of a force hammer as the excitation source during the test allows for better measurement of the two bending modes under the vibration damper's constrained state. Finally, by optimizing the algorithm to match the contact stiffness in the vibration damper simulation model, the simulation model is calibrated, improving its accuracy.

[0124] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0125] In one embodiment, a vibration damper simulation model verification device is provided, which corresponds one-to-one with the vibration damper simulation model verification method described in the above embodiments. The vibration damper simulation model verification device includes a first acquisition module, a second acquisition module, and an adjustment module. Detailed descriptions of each functional module are as follows:

[0126] The first acquisition module is used to acquire the test modal frequency corresponding to the test modal shape of the vibration damper under constrained installation state. The test modal frequency is obtained by testing the vibration damper using a general-purpose vibration damper test fixture.

[0127] The second acquisition module is used to acquire the simulation modal frequencies corresponding to the simulation mode shapes of the vibration damper under constraint conditions based on the vibration damper simulation model.

[0128] The adjustment module is used to adjust the contact stiffness parameters between the inner wall of the damper and the piston rod of the damper in the damper simulation model by testing the modal frequencies and simulating the modal frequencies.

[0129] Specific limitations regarding the vibration damper simulation model verification device can be found in the limitations of the vibration damper simulation model verification method described above, and will not be repeated here. Each module in the aforementioned vibration damper simulation model verification device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in a computer device in hardware form, or stored in the memory of a computer device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0130] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a processor, a memory, and a network interface connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a vibration damper simulation model verification method.

[0131] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to perform the following steps:

[0132] Obtain the test modal frequencies corresponding to the test modal shapes of the vibration damper under constrained installation conditions;

[0133] Based on the vibration damper simulation model, the simulation modal frequencies corresponding to the simulation mode shapes of the vibration damper under constrained conditions are obtained. The test modal frequencies are obtained by testing the vibration damper using a general-purpose vibration damper testing fixture.

[0134] By testing modal frequencies and simulating modal frequencies, the contact stiffness parameters between the inner wall of the damper and the piston rod of the damper in the damper simulation model were adjusted.

[0135] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program performing the following steps when executed by a processor:

[0136] Obtain the test modal frequencies corresponding to the test modal shapes of the vibration damper under constrained installation conditions;

[0137] Based on the vibration damper simulation model, the simulation modal frequencies corresponding to the simulation mode shapes of the vibration damper under constrained conditions are obtained. The test modal frequencies are obtained by testing the vibration damper using a general-purpose vibration damper testing fixture.

[0138] By testing modal frequencies and simulating modal frequencies, the contact stiffness parameters between the inner wall of the damper and the piston rod of the damper in the damper simulation model were adjusted.

[0139] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0140] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0141] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for verifying a vibration damper simulation model, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the test modal frequency corresponding to the test mode shape of the vibration damper under constrained state. The test modal frequency is obtained by testing the vibration damper using a general-purpose vibration damper testing fixture. Based on the vibration damper simulation model, the simulation modal frequencies corresponding to the simulation mode shapes of the vibration damper under constrained conditions are obtained; By using the test modal frequencies and simulation modal frequencies, the contact stiffness parameters between the inner wall of the damper and the piston rod of the damper in the damper simulation model are adjusted. The step of adjusting the contact stiffness parameters between the inner wall of the vibration damper and the piston rod of the vibration damper in the simulation model by using the test modal frequencies and simulation modal frequencies includes: An optimization objective function is established using the contact stiffness parameter as the optimization parameter and the test modal frequency as the optimization target. Based on the optimization objective function and the simulation modal frequency, the contact stiffness parameters between the inner wall of the damper and the piston rod of the damper in the damper simulation model are adjusted.

2. The vibration damper simulation model verification method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in, The damper constraint states are the same in both the test and simulation.

3. The vibration damper simulation model verification method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The following optimization objective function is established: ； in, and These represent the test modal frequencies corresponding to the first and second mode shapes, respectively. and These represent the simulated modal frequencies corresponding to the first and second mode shapes, respectively.

4. The vibration damper simulation model verification method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first mode shape is a first-order mode shape, and the second mode shape is a second-order mode shape.

5. The vibration damper simulation model verification method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The test modal frequencies were obtained through the following experiments: The shock absorber is preloaded using a universal testing fixture for shock absorbers, so that the height of the piston rod of the shock absorber is the same as the height of the shock absorber in the overall vehicle condition. A first number of measuring points are evenly distributed on the piston rod, a second number of measuring points are evenly distributed on the spring base plate of the shock absorber, and a third number of measuring points are evenly distributed on the cylinder of the shock absorber; each of the measuring points is equipped with a vibration sensor. The piston top and cylinder top of the damper were selected as the excitation points of the force hammer, respectively, and an excitation test was conducted. The response data fed back by the vibration sensor at each measuring point during the test was obtained. The response data is analyzed to obtain the test modal frequency corresponding to the test mode shape of the vibration damper under constrained installation state.

6. A universal fixture for testing vibration dampers, characterized in that, In the method for verifying the simulation model of a vibration damper, the general-purpose test fixture for the vibration damper includes: A base and an operating part disposed on the base, the operating part including a drag mechanism; Clamping part and at least two pull rods; One end of the pull rod is provided with a plurality of spaced first limiting posts, and the clamping part is engaged between the first limiting posts at one end of the pull rod. The other end of the pull rod is fixedly connected to the dragging mechanism. The dragging mechanism is used to drive the clamping part closer to the base through the pull rod, and clamp the shock absorber located between the base and the clamping part. The base includes an inner cavity, and the dragging mechanism includes a pressure plate, a rotating component, and a ratchet limiting mechanism. The rotating component is provided with a ratchet and an eccentric wheel. The eccentric wheel is located in the inner cavity, and the ratchet limiting mechanism is located outside the inner cavity to limit the ratchet. The other end of the pull rod is inserted into the inner cavity and fixedly connected to the end face of the pressure plate. When the rotating component rotates, it drives the eccentric wheel to rotate and squeeze the pressure plate. The pressure plate pulls the clamping part to move towards the base through the pull rod.

7. The universal fixture for testing vibration dampers as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The other end of each pull rod is provided with multiple second limiting posts that are spaced apart, and the pressure plate is engaged between the second limiting posts of the pull rod.

8. The universal fixture for testing vibration dampers as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The universal fixture for modal testing of the damper also includes a first winding rod and a second winding rod, wherein the first winding rod and the second winding rod are disposed on the base; One end of the elastic rope is fixedly connected to one end of the first winding rod, the other end of the elastic rope is fixedly connected to one end of the second winding rod, and the middle end of the elastic rope is used to abut against the top of the piston rod of the shock absorber.

9. The universal fixture for testing vibration dampers as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The clamping part includes a clamping plate, and the first contact surface of the clamping plate is provided with a first groove for fitting against the outer wall of the shock absorber.

10. The universal fixture for testing vibration dampers as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The second contact surface of the clamping plate extends into a derivative portion, and the end face of the derivative portion is provided with a second groove for fitting against the outer wall of the shock absorber.

11. The universal fixture for testing vibration dampers as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The base has a third groove on its outer wall facing the clamping part for fitting the outer wall of the shock absorber.

12. A vibration damper simulation model verification device, characterized in that, include: The first acquisition module is used to acquire the test modal frequency corresponding to the test mode shape of the vibration damper under the constraint state. The test modal frequency is obtained by testing the vibration damper based on a general-purpose vibration damper test fixture. The second acquisition module is used to acquire the simulation modal frequency corresponding to the simulation mode shape of the vibration damper under the constraint state based on the vibration damper simulation model of the vibration damper. The adjustment module is used to adjust the contact stiffness parameters between the inner wall of the damper and the piston rod of the damper in the damper simulation model by means of the test modal frequency and the simulation modal frequency. The step of adjusting the contact stiffness parameters between the inner wall of the vibration damper and the piston rod of the vibration damper in the simulation model by using the test modal frequencies and simulation modal frequencies includes: An optimization objective function is established using the contact stiffness parameter as the optimization parameter and the test modal frequency as the optimization target. Based on the optimization objective function and the simulation modal frequency, the contact stiffness parameters between the inner wall of the damper and the piston rod of the damper in the damper simulation model are adjusted.

13. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the vibration damper simulation model verification method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

14. A readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the vibration damper simulation model verification method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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