An internet of things sensing data fusion method

Abstract

The application relates to an Internet of Things sensing data fusion method and belongs to the technical field of Internet of Things data security. When an Internet of Things node needs data fusion, a trust value is calculated according to the data forwarding quantity and data forwarding delay of the node and adjacent nodes, and the trust value is saved in the trust list of the node; the trust list of the node is read, a node with the highest trust value is selected from the trust list as a next-hop node, it is judged whether the next-hop node directly communicates with a gateway, if the next-hop node directly communicates with the gateway, the next-hop node is taken as a data fusion node and a trust route is formed, if the next-hop node cannot directly communicate with the gateway, a node with the highest trust value is selected from the trust list of the next-hop node for judgment until a node capable of directly communicating with the gateway is found, the node is taken as the data fusion node and the trust route is formed, and data transmission is carried out according to the formed trust route. The method has wide applicability and ensures the safety and reliability during data fusion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for fusing sensing data in the Internet of Things (IoT), belonging to the field of IoT data security technology. Background Technology

[0002] The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is the integration of automation and IoT technologies to improve the informatization level and efficiency of industrial production. The IIoT can be divided into a sensing layer, a network layer, and an application layer. The sensing layer is the core of industrial production data generation, transmission, and fusion, mainly composed of numerous sensing nodes distributed in different locations, providing different functions. Therefore, these nodes face various security threats and require secure data integration.

[0003] The secure fusion of perceived data mainly involves two aspects: first, determining the security and trustworthiness of nodes; and second, completing the data fusion. Regarding node security, existing technologies primarily target specific attack methods to determine node security, such as data eavesdropping, data spoofing, and Sybil attacks. However, this approach is only applicable in specific situations and lacks versatility. Regarding data security, current methods mainly employ cryptography to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of perceived data. However, the use of cryptography is limited by the computing power of the perceived nodes and incurs excessive additional computational overhead. Furthermore, it does not adequately address the security issues related to data fusion. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an IoT sensing data fusion method to solve the problems of lack of universality and lack of security during fusion in existing methods.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention includes:

[0006] The present invention provides an IoT sensing data fusion method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] 1) When an IoT node needs data fusion, calculate the trust value between the node and its neighboring nodes based on the data forwarding volume and data forwarding delay between the node and its neighboring nodes, and store it in the node's trust list;

[0008] 2) Read the trust list of the node, select the node with the highest trust value as the next hop node, and determine whether the next hop node communicates directly with the gateway. If it communicates directly, then use the next hop node as the data fusion node and form a trusted route.

[0009] 3) If the next-hop node cannot communicate directly with the gateway, select the node with the highest trust value from the trust list of the next-hop node and determine whether the node can communicate directly with the gateway. If it cannot communicate directly, continue to search for new nodes according to the trust list of the node and determine whether it can communicate with the gateway until a node with the highest trust value that can communicate directly with the gateway is found. The node that can communicate directly with the gateway is used as the data fusion node and a trusted route is formed.

[0010] 4) Data transmission is performed according to the established trusted routes.

[0011] Beneficial Effects: This invention calculates trust values ​​based on user behavior. When an IoT node needs to perform data fusion, the trust value is calculated based on the data forwarding volume and latency between the node and its neighboring nodes, and stored in the node's trust list. Based on this trust list, the node with the highest trust value is selected as the next-hop node, and it is determined whether it can communicate directly with the gateway. If direct communication is possible, this next-hop node is used as the data fusion node, forming a trusted route. If not, the node with the highest trust value is selected from the next-hop node's trust list, and it is determined whether this node can communicate directly with the gateway. If direct communication is not possible, the search continues until a node capable of direct communication with the gateway is found, and this node is used as the data fusion node, forming a trusted route. This method is not limited to specific attack methods, has wider applicability, and avoids the impact of unknown attack methods. This method focuses more on the security of the data source and the security of the fusion process, namely, selecting secure routes for data fusion and allowing only trusted nodes to participate in data fusion, which can effectively improve the accuracy of industrial IoT sensing data.

[0012] Furthermore, when a data fusion node is selected as a fusion node by N nodes, when any of the N nodes requests data fusion, the remaining N-1 nodes are selected, or several nodes with higher trust values ​​are selected from the remaining N-1 nodes. The selected nodes vote on whether to agree to the data fusion request based on the trust value of the node requesting data fusion in their own node trust list. If more than half of the data nodes vote in favor, the node is allowed to perform data fusion; otherwise, the node is not allowed to perform data fusion.

[0013] Beneficial effects: A data node is selected as a fusion node by N nodes. When any of the N nodes requests data fusion, it selects either the remaining N-1 nodes or several nodes with higher trust values ​​from the remaining N-1 nodes. The selected nodes vote on whether to agree to the data fusion based on the trust value of the node requesting data fusion in their own node trust list. If more than half of the votes are in favor, the node is allowed to perform data fusion. During the data fusion process, not only do the data nodes select trustworthy nodes for data fusion based on their trust values, ensuring the security of data transmission, but the fusion node also performs trust assessments on the data nodes to ensure that untrustworthy data nodes cannot participate in data fusion, thereby guaranteeing the reliability of data fusion.

[0014] Furthermore, when a node votes on whether to agree to the data fusion request, it votes in favor if the trust value of the requesting node exceeds the trust threshold, and votes against otherwise.

[0015] Beneficial effect: When nodes vote on whether to agree to data fusion, if the trust value of the requesting node exceeds the trust threshold, it will vote in favor; otherwise, it will vote against. By having each node vote according to the trust threshold, the reliability of data fusion is improved.

[0016] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the trust value is: T AB =α*T t +β* l

[0017] In the formula T t T represents the trust value for data forwarding volume. l Let α be the data forwarding delay trust value, and let β be the relevant weights, and let α and β satisfy α>0, β>0, and α+β=1.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The trust value in this invention is expressed by formula T. AB =α*T t +β* l The obtained trust value is based on the data forwarding volume trust value T. t and data forwarding delay trust value T l The resulting attacks are no longer limited to specific targets and have a wider range of applications.

[0019] Furthermore, the data forwarding volume trust value is based on formula T. t =k / n, where k is the number of data packets forwarded by the node and n is the number of data packets requested by the node.

[0020] Furthermore, the formula for the data forwarding delay trust value is: In the formula, δ is the forwarding delay threshold, and t l This is the forwarding delay time.

[0021] Beneficial effects: Through the formula The data forwarding delay trust value is obtained, where δ is the forwarding delay threshold. When two nodes transmit data, the forwarding delay time t is... l If the latency is below the forwarding delay threshold δ, the transmitted node is considered trustworthy; otherwise, the trust level of the transmitted node is reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of data node selection and fusion node in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the consensus fusion mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the trust routing process in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the trust voting process in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Example of IoT sensing data fusion method:

[0028] This embodiment presents an IoT sensing data fusion method. First, when an IoT node needs data fusion, the trust value between the node and its neighboring nodes is calculated based on the data forwarding volume and data forwarding delay, and stored in the node's trust list. Next, the node's trust list is read, and the node with the highest trust value is selected as the next-hop node. It is then determined whether the next-hop node directly communicates with the gateway. If it does, this next-hop node is used as the data fusion node, and a trust route is formed. If the next-hop node cannot directly communicate with the gateway, the node with the highest trust value is selected from its trust list, and its communication with the gateway is determined. If direct communication is not possible, a new node is searched based on the node's trust list, and its communication with the gateway is determined, until a node with the highest trust value and direct communication with the gateway is found. This node is then used as the data fusion node, and a trust route is formed. Finally, data transmission is performed according to the formed trust route. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0029] 1. Calculate the trust level based on the data forwarding volume and data forwarding delay, and store it in the trust list.

[0030] When IoT nodes need to send or receive data, i.e., when performing data fusion, they often need to forward data through neighboring nodes. This embodiment uses the behavior during the data forwarding process as the basis for trust calculation, mainly including data loading / unloading and data forwarding delay. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0031] When node A requests n data packets from node B, but node B actually forwards only k data packets (n ≠ k), calculate the data forwarding trust using the following formula:

[0032]

[0033] When data is transmitted between node A and node B, there is a certain delay due to factors such as the distance between the nodes or network interference. A forwarding delay threshold δ is determined, and the data forwarding delay trust is calculated as follows:

[0034]

[0035] When the forwarding delay time t l When the forwarding delay is below the forwarding delay threshold δ, node A considers node B to be trustworthy; when the forwarding delay t... l When the forwarding delay exceeds the forwarding delay threshold δ, node A's trust in node B decreases.

[0036] Considering both data forwarding volume trust and data forwarding delay trust, node A's overall trust in node B can be:

[0037] T AB =α*T t +β* l

[0038] Here, α and β are the relevant weights, and α and β satisfy α>0, β>0, and α+β=1.

[0039] In the Internet of Things (IoT), each node calculates its overall trust with its neighboring nodes according to a set procedure and stores it in a trust list, which is then updated at set intervals.

[0040] 2. Read the node's trust list and select the node with the highest trust value as the next-hop node. Determine if the next-hop node can communicate directly with the gateway. If it can, use this next-hop node as a data fusion node and form a trusted route. If the next-hop node cannot communicate directly with the gateway, select the node with the highest trust value from its trust list and determine if it can communicate directly with the gateway. If it cannot communicate directly, continue searching for new nodes based on the node's trust list, determining if they can communicate with the gateway, until a node with the highest trust value that can communicate directly with the gateway is found. This node that can communicate directly with the gateway is then used as a data fusion node and a trusted route is formed.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, when node N1 needs data fusion, it first reads the trust list maintained by node N1 and selects node N2 with the highest trust value as its next-hop node for data forwarding. If N2 can communicate directly with the gateway, then N2 becomes the data fusion node, aggregating data from other nodes that have chosen it as their next-hop node. If N2 cannot communicate directly with the gateway, then its trust list is read, and a node with a higher next-hop trust value is selected. Figure 1 As shown, node N1's neighboring nodes are N2, N3, and N4. Node N1 selects node N3 as its next-hop node. Node N3's neighboring nodes are N6 and N7, and node N3 selects node N6 as its next-hop node. N6's neighboring nodes are N5 and N9, and node N6 selects node N9 as its next-hop node. Node N9 can communicate directly with the gateway, therefore node N9 becomes the fusion node in the trust-based data fusion path. The path N1→N3→N6→N9 is the trust route for this fusion. This mechanism ensures that node data is always transmitted along the route that the current node considers most reliable, improving the security of data transmission.

[0042] In such Figure 3 In the IoT environment shown, node A can communicate directly with nodes B, C, and H, therefore node A maintains a trust list for nodes B, C, and H. When node A needs to send data (i.e., perform data fusion), node A first checks if it can directly connect to the gateway. If not, it queries its own trust list to find the node with the highest trust value (i.e., node C). Therefore, node A selects node C as its data fusion node. Node C is connected to nodes D and G, maintaining a trust list containing the trust values ​​of D and G. When a data fusion request is received from A, the same gateway connectivity check is performed, and G is further selected as its data fusion node based on the trust list. Repeating this process in this network yields a trusted route A→C→G→F→E, where the next-hop node is the fusion node of the previous-hop node. Similarly, in... Figure 3The diagram also includes a trusted route K→J→L. Each node transmits data (merges) according to the formed trusted route.

[0043] 3. When a data fusion node is selected as the fusion node by N (N≥3) nodes, when any of the N nodes requests data fusion, the remaining N-1 nodes are selected, or several nodes with higher trust values ​​are selected from the remaining N-1 nodes. The selected nodes vote on whether to agree to the data fusion request based on the trust value of the requesting node in their own node trust list. If more than half of the data nodes vote in favor, the node is allowed to perform data fusion; otherwise, the node is not allowed to perform data fusion. A specific implementation example is as follows:

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, if there are p nodes N1, N2, ..., N p If node N* is selected as the fusion node, the data fusion will be performed according to the following steps.

[0045] First, node N* obtains the trust values ​​of the other p-1 nodes based on its own maintained trust list, and sorts them in descending order of trust value to obtain set T. *,- ={T *,1 ,T *,2 ,...,T *,p-1}, find the first k corresponding nodes to form a node set.

[0046] Then, when a node among the p nodes, such as node N', requests data fusion, the node set N* votes on whether to allow node N' to participate in the data fusion. During the voting decision, if the trust value of the requesting node N' exceeds a trust threshold, the nodes in the node set N* vote in favor. The decision is based on the number of votes v to agree to data fusion with node N'. When more than half of the nodes vote in favor, the process ends. We agree that this data fusion will be achieved through consensus between N* and its trusted nodes.

[0047] like Figure 4In the specific embodiment shown, nodes A, B, C, D, E, F, and G need to perform data fusion through node H. To prevent malicious nodes from participating in data fusion and compromising data integrity, node H needs to authenticate the trustworthiness of the aforementioned nodes. In the trust list maintained by node H, nodes are sorted by their trust value as C>G>D>E>B>F>A. When node A requests data fusion, node H requests the top 5 nodes with the highest trust values ​​(C, G, D, E, and B) to vote on whether to allow node A to perform data fusion. These voting nodes vote based on their stored trust information about node A (i.e., the trust level of node A). If the trust value of node A requesting data fusion exceeds a trust threshold, they vote in favor; otherwise, they vote against. When more than 3 nodes agree to node A's fusion (3 = (5+1) / 2), node A is allowed to perform data fusion; when fewer than 3 nodes agree, A is not allowed to perform data fusion. When node C requests data fusion, according to the avoidance principle, nodes G, D, E, B, and F are required to vote on whether to agree to node C's data fusion operation. The voting is completed according to the steps described above; detailed steps will not be repeated here.

[0048] Specific implementation methods have been given above, but the present invention is not limited to the described implementation methods. The basic idea of ​​the present invention lies in the above basic scheme. For those skilled in the art, designing various modified models, formulas, and parameters based on the teachings of the present invention does not require creative effort. Changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made to the implementation methods without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for fusing sensing data in the Internet of Things (IoT), characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) When an IoT node needs data fusion, calculate the trust value of the IoT node and its neighboring nodes based on the data forwarding volume and data forwarding delay of the IoT node and its neighboring nodes, and save it in the trust list of the IoT node. 2) Read the trust list of the IoT node, select the node with the highest trust value from the trust list as the next hop node, and determine whether the next hop node communicates directly with the gateway. If it communicates directly, then the next hop node is used as the data fusion node and a trust route is formed. The trusted routing is used to ensure that a node's data is always transmitted along the route that the current node considers most reliable; 3) If the next-hop node cannot communicate directly with the gateway, select the node with the highest trust value from the trust list of the next-hop node, and determine whether the node with the highest trust value in the trust list of the next-hop node can communicate directly with the gateway. If it cannot communicate directly, continue to search for a new node based on the trust list of the node with the highest trust value in the trust list of the next-hop node, and determine whether the new node can communicate with the gateway, until a node with the highest trust value that can communicate directly with the gateway is found. The node with the highest trust value that can communicate directly with the gateway is used as the data fusion node and a trusted route is formed. 4) Data transmission is performed according to the established trusted routes; If a data fusion node is selected by N nodes, and when any of these N nodes requests data fusion, the remaining N-1 nodes are selected to form a node set, or several nodes with higher trust values ​​are selected from the remaining N-1 nodes to form a node set. The nodes in this node set vote on whether to agree to allow the requesting node to send data for fusion based on the trust value of the node requesting data fusion in their trust lists. If more than half of the nodes vote in favor, the requesting node is allowed to send data for fusion; otherwise, the requesting node is not allowed to send data for fusion. Wherein, N≥3. The step of selecting several nodes with higher trust values ​​from the remaining N-1 nodes to form a node set includes: the data fusion node obtaining the trust values ​​of the N-1 nodes according to its trust list, sorting them in descending order of trust value, and finding the first k corresponding nodes to form a node set; wherein, k≥2.

2. The IoT sensing data fusion method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When a node votes on whether to agree to a data fusion request, it votes in favor if the trust value of the requesting node exceeds the trust threshold; otherwise, it votes against.

3. The IoT sensing data fusion method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the trust value is: In the formula T t T represents the trust value for data forwarding volume. l Let α be the data forwarding delay trust value, and let β be the relevant weights, satisfying α>0, β>0, and α+β=1.

4. The IoT sensing data fusion method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The data forwarding volume trust value is based on formula T. t =k / n, where k is the number of data packets forwarded by the node and n is the number of data packets requested by the node.

5. The IoT sensing data fusion method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The formula for the data forwarding delay trust value is: In the formula t is the forwarding delay threshold. l This is the forwarding delay time.

6. The IoT sensing data fusion method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The values ​​of k and n are not the same.

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