Tools and working machines

Abstract

The application provides a tool and a working machine, the tool comprising a rotating part (1) and a fixed part (2), the rotating part (1) being rotatably installed on the fixed part (2), the rotating part (1) comprising a plurality of turnover beams (11) and a plurality of connecting beams (12) connecting different turnover beams (11), and a rigid-flexible switching assembly (13) being arranged between the turnover beams (11) and the connecting beams (12) to enable the turnover beams (11) and the connecting beams (12) to switch between rigid connection and flexible connection. The rigid-flexible switching assembly is arranged between the turnover beams and the connecting beams, so that the connecting beams can be twisted relative to the turnover beams within a certain range, so that each object taking structure on the tool for hoisting the object to be taken can be matched and locked with a corresponding second hoisting hole on the object to be taken, thereby playing a role of rapid connection, and further effectively improving the working efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of hoisting equipment technology, specifically to an attachment and working machinery. Background Technology

[0002] Container tipping spreaders are suitable for the rapid transfer between containers and open wagons, as well as the rapid unloading of bulk materials from open-top containers.

[0003] Container tilting spreaders typically consist of two tilting beams and a rectangular connecting device linking them. The connection between the rectangular connecting device and the tilting beams is rigid, and the two tilting beams operate synchronously at all times. Because the multiple lifting structures on the container tilting spreader for securing the container are on the same plane, uneven ground or deformed container corners can make it difficult for the spreader to align with the container, resulting in failure to engage and impacting operational efficiency. Furthermore, uneven ground can cause the locking pins to not be fully engaged, leading to accidental container lifting and posing a safety hazard. Container tilting spreaders are typically used in locations with high efficiency requirements, such as ports, docks, yards, and freight stations, especially in rail transport where rapid loading and unloading of containers by train is crucial.

[0004] Therefore, in order to shorten the container tilting and repositioning time and improve work efficiency, it is necessary to develop a new container tilting and repositioning device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to solve the problem of how to shorten the container tilting spreader alignment time and improve the loading and unloading efficiency of container transportation. In view of this, embodiments of this application aim to provide an attachment and operating machinery that can reduce container alignment time, improve alignment accuracy, and thus increase work efficiency.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, in a first aspect, this application provides an attachment comprising a rotating part and a fixed part. The rotating part is rotatably mounted on the fixed part. The rotating part includes multiple flip beams and multiple connecting beams connecting different flip beams. A rigid-flexible switching component is provided between the flip beams and the connecting beams to enable the flip beams and the connecting beams to switch between rigid connection and flexible connection.

[0007] In another possible embodiment, the rigid-flexible switching assembly includes a connecting unit that connects the flip beam and the connecting beam together. The connecting unit includes an angle limiting member and a swing member that are nested together. One of the angle limiting member and the swing member is fixed to the connecting beam, and the other is fixed to the flip beam. There is a gap between the mounting surfaces of the angle limiting member and the swing member so that the angle limiting member and the swing member can be twisted relative to each other.

[0008] In another possible embodiment, the connecting unit is provided with an angle limiting structure that limits the rotation angle between the angle limiting member and the swing member.

[0009] In another possible embodiment, the angle limiting structure includes a swing arm disposed on the swing member, and a first shoulder and a second shoulder disposed on the angle limiting member, wherein the first shoulder and the second shoulder are distributed on both sides of the circumferential side of the swing arm.

[0010] In another possible embodiment, the connecting unit is provided with an axial through-hole for the connecting unit, and the rigid-flexible switching component includes a positioning rod. The positioning rod cooperates with the through-hole to enable the angle limiting component and the swinging component to switch between locked and unlocked.

[0011] In another possible embodiment, the rigid-flexible switching assembly includes a guide mechanism, which includes a contracting end located at the end of the positioning rod facing the connecting beam, the cross-sectional area of ​​the contracting end gradually decreasing from the end away from the connecting beam to the end closer to the connecting beam, and / or, the guide mechanism includes a guide block fixed to the flip beam, the positioning rod being provided with a locking groove extending along the length direction of the positioning rod, and one end of the guide block being received in the locking groove to guide the movement of the positioning rod.

[0012] In another possible embodiment, the rigid-flexible switching component further includes a positioning rod drive that drives the positioning rod (132) to move.

[0013] In another possible embodiment, the rigid-flexible switching component is configured as a disc spring.

[0014] In another possible embodiment, the attachment includes a detection mechanism, and at least one of the plurality of tilting beams is equipped with the detection mechanism.

[0015] In another possible embodiment, the detection mechanism is located on the side of the plane containing the multiple connecting beams near the connection point between the rotating part and the fixed part.

[0016] In another possible embodiment, the attachment includes a retrieval structure mounted on each flip beam, the attachment being configured such that the flip beam and the connecting beam are rigidly connected after each retrieval structure and the object to be retrieved are locked, and the flip beam and the connecting beam are flexibly connected when at least one retrieval structure and the object to be retrieved are not locked.

[0017] A second aspect of this application provides a work device, which includes the attachments described above.

[0018] By incorporating the above-mentioned features, this application allows the tilting beam and connecting beam to switch between rigid and flexible connections by setting a rigid-flexible switching component between them. This enables multiple tilting beams to rotate relative to each other to adapt to unevenness caused by ground or object deformation. For example, when the object to be retrieved is a container, uneven ground can cause multiple second lifting holes on the upper surface of the container to be not on the same plane. By setting the rigid-flexible switching component, the connecting beam can be twisted at a certain angle relative to the tilting beam, allowing each retrieval structure on each attachment to lock onto the corresponding second lifting hole, thereby achieving rapid container retrieval and effectively improving work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working environment of an attachment provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of one type of attachment structure.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the flexible connection working condition of the rigid-flexible switching component.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the rigid-flexible switching component under rigid connection conditions.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the swing component structure.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the angle limiting component in the middle.

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the positioning rod structure.

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of the attachments in the diagram.

[0027] Figure 9 for Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of another type of attachment. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] To better understand this application, the following description is based on specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Firstly, see [the following] Figures 1-2 As shown, this application provides an attachment comprising a rotating part 1 and a fixed part 2. The rotating part 1 is rotatably mounted on the fixed part 2. The rotating part 1 includes multiple tilting beams 11 and multiple connecting beams 12 connecting the different tilting beams 11. A rigid-flexible switching component 13 is provided between the tilting beams 11 and the connecting beams 12 to allow the tilting beams 11 and the connecting beams 12 to switch between rigid and flexible connections. By providing the rigid-flexible switching component 13 between the tilting beams 11 and the connecting beams 12, this application allows the tilting beams 11 to rotate relative to each other to adapt to unevenness caused by deformation of the ground or the object to be retrieved. For example, when the object to be retrieved is a container, uneven ground may cause multiple second lifting holes on the upper surface of the container to be out of plane. By providing the rigid-flexible switching component, the connecting beams and the tilting beams can have a certain degree of torsion, allowing each retrieval structure to lock onto the corresponding second lifting hole, thereby achieving rapid container retrieval and effectively improving work efficiency.

[0031] Among them, reference Figures 1-2 In one embodiment shown, the attachment has four first lifting holes 21 on the fixing part 2 for locking with the container spreader. The attachment is detachably connected to the container spreader fixed on the working machinery through the first lifting holes 21. When it is not necessary to flip the container 3, the working machinery directly grabs the container 3 through the container spreader. When it is necessary to flip the container 3, the working machinery connects to the container spreader and the first lifting holes 21 through the container spreader on it, so that the attachment and the container spreader are fixedly connected. Then, the attachment of this application is used to lift the container 3 and flip it.

[0032] In another embodiment, reference Figure 3As shown, the rigid-flexible switching assembly 13 includes a connecting unit 131 that connects the tilting beam 11 and the connecting beam 12 together. The connecting unit 131 includes an angle limiting member 1311 and a swing member 1312 that are fitted together. One of the angle limiting member 1311 and the swing member 1312 is fixed to the connecting beam 12, and the other is fixed to the tilting beam 11. There is a gap between the assembly surfaces of the angle limiting member 1311 and the swing member 1312 so that the angle limiting member 1311 and the swing member 1312 can twist relative to each other. By setting the tilting beam 11 and the connecting beam 12 to be loosely fitted, they can not only rotate relative to each other, but also move relative to each other in a small range in multiple directions. Therefore, they can twist within a certain range, so that, for example, when the container 3 is on an uneven ground, the attachment of this application can quickly align the container.

[0033] In one embodiment, reference Figure 6 As shown, the angle limiting member 1311 has a mounting hole 13114 coaxial with the connecting beam 12. The angle limiting member 1311 is sleeved on the swing member 1312 through the mounting hole 13114, with a gap between the angle limiting member 1311 and the mounting hole 13114. This allows the angle limiting member 1311 and the swing member 1312 to twist relative to each other on uneven ground, enabling the multiple lifting structures 14 mounted on the tilting beam 11 to quickly align with the second lifting hole on the container 3, thus achieving rapid container alignment and locking. This effectively improves work efficiency.

[0034] The gap between the angle limiting component 1311 and the mounting hole 13114 is usually set to about 5mm.

[0035] In another embodiment, the connecting unit 131 is provided with an angle limiting structure that limits the rotation angle between the angle limiting member 1311 and the swing member 1312. By setting the angle limiting structure, it can be ensured that the rotation angle of the flip beam 11 and the connecting beam 12 is within a set range.

[0036] In one embodiment of the angle limiting structure, the angle limiting structure includes a swing rod 13122 disposed on the swing member 1312, and a first shoulder 13111 and a second shoulder 13112 disposed on the angle limiting member 1311. The first shoulder 13111 and the second shoulder 13112 are distributed on both sides of the circumference of the swing rod 13122.

[0037] By distributing the first shoulder 13111 and the second shoulder 13112 on both sides of the circumference of the swing arm 13122, when the swing member 1312 and the angle limiting member 1311 rotate relative to each other, when the swing arm 13122 abuts against the first shoulder 13111, the swing member 1312 can no longer rotate relative to the angle limiting member 1311 in the first rotation direction; when the swing arm 13122 abuts against the second shoulder 13112, the swing member 1312 can no longer rotate relative to the angle limiting member 1311 in the second rotation direction opposite to the first rotation direction. Therefore, it can be ensured that the rotation angle of the flip beam 11 and the connecting beam 12 is within a set range.

[0038] In this embodiment, the swing member 1312 includes a first column body 13121 coaxial with the connecting beam 12, and a swing rod 13122 extending radially from the first column body 13121 and passing through a limiting groove 13113 defined by the first shoulder 13111 and the second shoulder 13112. In this embodiment, the limiting groove 13113 can be in a three-sided open form as shown in the figure, with the swing rod 13122 radially passing between the first shoulder 13111 and the second shoulder 13112. Of course, the limiting groove 13113 can also be set as other types of grooves, as long as the swing end of the swing member 1312 and the limiting groove 13113 cooperate to limit the movement.

[0039] In one embodiment of the connecting unit 131, the swing member 1312 is fixedly connected to the connecting beam 12, and the angle limiting member 1311 is fixedly connected to the flip beam 11. The swing member 1312 includes a stop ring 13124 extending radially outward from the first column body 13121 and surrounding the first column body 13121. The swing rod 13122 extends radially outward from the outer surface of the stop ring 13124. When the angle limiting member 1311 is fitted onto the first column body 13121 through the mounting hole 13114, the stop ring 13124 abuts against one end face of the angle limiting member 1311 to limit the axial movement between the swing member 1312 and the angle limiting member 1311.

[0040] In the above embodiment, the first column body 13121 can also be configured as an integral structure with the angle limiting member 1311, and the mounting hole 13114 is the inner ring of the stop ring 13124.

[0041] In the above embodiments, reference is made to Figure 3-5As shown, the connecting unit 131 may be provided with an axially penetrating insertion hole 13123. The rigid-flexible switching assembly 13 includes a positioning rod 132. The positioning rod 132 cooperates with the insertion hole 13123 to allow the angle limiting member 1311 and the swinging member 1312 to switch between locked and unlocked states. When the angle limiting member 1311 and the swinging member 1312 are locked, the flip beam 11 and the connecting beam 12 are rigidly connected. When the angle limiting member 1311 and the swinging member 1312 are unlocked, the flip beam 11 and the connecting beam 12 are flexibly connected. This rigid-flexible switching assembly 13 has a simple and reliable structure.

[0042] The insertion hole 13123 can also be configured such that a portion passes through one of the angle limiting member 1311 and the swing member 1312, which is fixed to the flipping beam 11, while the other portion of the insertion hole 13123 forms a blind hole on the other fixed connecting beam 12. The purpose of the insertion hole 13123 in this application is primarily to cooperate with the positioning rod 132 to limit the relative rotation of the angle limiting member 1311 and the swing member 1312. Any deformation of the insertion hole 13123 is acceptable as long as it achieves this function.

[0043] refer to Figure 5 In one embodiment shown, the insertion hole 13123 is disposed on and coaxial with the first column body 13121. When the angle limiting member 1311 and the swing member 1312 are locked, the positioning rod 132 passes through the insertion hole 13123 and can limit the rotation of the swing member 1312 and the angle limiting member 1311, and the flip beam 11 and the connecting beam 12 are rigidly connected. When the positioning rod 132 is disengaged from the insertion hole 13123, the swing member 1312 and the angle limiting member 1311 can rotate relative to each other, and the flip beam 11 and the connecting beam 12 are flexibly connected.

[0044] To ensure a smooth transition from a flexible to a rigid connection between the tilting beam 11 and the connecting beam 12, the rigid-flexible switching assembly 13 includes a guide mechanism. This guide mechanism includes a contraction end 1322 located at the end of the positioning rod 132 facing the connecting beam 12. The cross-sectional area of ​​the contraction end 1322 gradually decreases from the end furthest from the connecting beam 12 to the end closest to it. Thus, when the tilting beam 11 and the connecting beam 12 switch from a flexible to a rigid connection, the smaller area of ​​the contraction end 1322 allows it to be easily inserted into the insertion hole 13123, enabling a smooth transition. The contraction end 1322 ensures a smooth and gradual connection between the positioning rod 132 and the connecting beam 12.

[0045] To prevent slippage and rotation between the positioning rod 132 and the insertion hole 13123 under excessive force, the insertion hole 13123 is a non-circular hole. The cross-section of the mating part between the positioning rod 132 and the insertion hole 13123 is primarily a non-circular cross-section that matches the insertion hole 13123. (Reference) Figure 5 and Figure 7 In one embodiment shown, the insertion hole 13123 is an oblong hole. The opposite side walls of this oblong hole are parallel planes, and the opposite end walls sandwiched between the side walls are arc-shaped walls. The center lines corresponding to the two arc-shaped walls are located between the side walls. The cross-sectional profile of the mating part between the positioning rod 132 and the insertion hole 13123 is oblong, the same shape as the oblong hole. This design allows for guidance using the contraction end 1322 while also providing a limiting position, preventing relative rotation between the positioning rod 132, the swing member 1312, and the connecting beam 12.

[0046] In another embodiment, reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 and 7 As shown, the guiding mechanism includes a guide block 134 fixed to the flip beam 11, and a locking groove 1323 extending along the length of the positioning rod 132 is provided on the positioning rod 132. One end of the guide block 134 is accommodated in the locking groove 1323 to guide the movement of the positioning rod 132.

[0047] In another embodiment, the rigid-flexible switching assembly 13 further includes a positioning rod drive 133 for driving the positioning rod 132. The positioning rod drive 133 can be hydraulically driven or electrically driven, see reference [reference needed]. Figure 3-4 In one embodiment shown, the positioning rod drive 133 includes a hydraulic cylinder and a cylinder mounting seat 1333 for mounting the hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder mounting seat 1333 is mounted on the tilting beam 11. The hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body 1331 and a piston rod 1332. The cylinder body 1331 is fixed to the cylinder mounting seat 1333, and the end of the piston rod 1332 is connected to the positioning rod 132.

[0048] In the above embodiments, the attachment includes a retrieval structure 14 mounted on each tilting beam 11. The attachment is configured such that the tilting beam 11 and the connecting beam 12 are rigidly connected after each retrieval structure 14 and the object to be retrieved are locked, and the tilting beam 11 and the connecting beam 12 are flexibly connected when at least one retrieval structure 14 and the object to be retrieved are not locked. This configuration ensures safe lifting, reduces box alignment time, and improves work efficiency.

[0049] When the item to be retrieved is container 3, the retrieval structure 14 usually adopts a container turnlock.

[0050] refer to Figure 8 In one embodiment shown, the item to be retrieved is container 3 (reference). Figure 1The retrieval structure 14 includes a lock head 141 and a lock head drive 142. The lock head 141 is a locking pin, and the lock head drive 142 includes a second column body 1421. When the second column body 1421 is extended, the lock head 141 can freely enter and exit the second mounting hole on the container 3. At this time, it is in an unlocked state. When the second column body 1421 is retracted, the lock head 141 gradually rotates in the second mounting hole until the container 3 is locked.

[0051] In one embodiment, the attachment includes a detection mechanism 4, and at least one of the plurality of tilting beams 11 is equipped with the detection mechanism 4. The detection mechanism 4 is provided to prevent the attachment from accidentally shifting or tilting due to failure to lift when there is a container 3 between two tilting beams 11, thereby damaging the container 3, the attachment, and the rigid-flexible switching assembly 13 in the attachment.

[0052] To ensure the test results, the test mechanism 4 is set on the side of the plane where the multiple connecting beams 12 are located, close to the connection point between the rotating part 1 and the fixed part 2.

[0053] Among them, Figure 2 In one embodiment shown, the detection mechanism 4 includes a proximity switch. In this embodiment, the attachment includes two flip beams 11 and two connecting beams 12, with a proximity switch provided on each flip beam 11.

[0054] In another embodiment, the rigid-flexible switching component 13 is configured as a disc spring. (See reference...) Figure 9 As shown, the flip beam 11 is provided with connecting holes for mounting the connecting beam 12. Both ends of the connecting beam 12 pass through the connecting holes, and the flip beam 11 and the two ends of the connecting beam 12 are fitted with a clearance through the connecting holes. The end diameter of the connecting beam 12 is set to be smaller than the diameter of the main body of the connecting beam 12, thus forming a shoulder between the end of the connecting beam 12 and the main body of the connecting beam 12. A disc spring is mounted on the end of the connecting beam 12, and this shoulder and the flip beam 11 define the operating range of the disc spring.

[0055] In another embodiment, the attachment of this application uses a hydraulically driven rotating part 1 to rotate relative to the fixed part 2. The rotation angle between the rotating part 1 and the fixed part 2 can be set within any range as needed. Typically, the rotating part 1 can rotate 360° around the fixed part.

[0056] A second aspect of this application provides a work device that includes the aforementioned attachments. This work device possesses the technical advantages of the aforementioned attachments, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0057] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. A and B can be singular or plural. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following related objects, but it can also represent an "and / or" relationship. Please refer to the context for a more accurate understanding.

[0058] In this application, "multiple" means two or more. "At least one" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0059] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An attachment, characterized in that, It includes a rotating part (1) and a fixed part (2). The rotating part (1) is rotatably mounted on the fixed part (2). The rotating part (1) includes a plurality of flip beams (11) and a plurality of connecting beams (12) connecting different flip beams (11). A rigid-flexible switching component (13) is provided between the flip beams (11) and the connecting beams (12) so that the flip beams (11) and the connecting beams (12) can switch between rigid connection and flexible connection. The rigid-flexible switching assembly (13) includes a connecting unit (131) that connects the flip beam (11) and the connecting beam (12) together. The connecting unit (131) includes an angle limiting member (1311) and a swing member (1312) that are nested together. One of the angle limiting member (1311) and the swing member (1312) is fixed to the connecting beam (12), and the other is fixed to the flip beam (11). The angle limiting member (1311) and the swing member (1312) The assembly surfaces have a gap to allow the angle limiting member (1311) and the swing member (1312) to be able to rotate relative to each other; the connecting unit (131) is provided with an axially penetrating insertion hole (13123); the rigid-flexible switching assembly (13) includes a positioning rod (132); the positioning rod (132) cooperates with the insertion hole (13123) to allow the angle limiting member (1311) and the swing member (1312) to switch between locked and unlocked.

2. The attachment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting unit (131) is provided with an angle limiting structure that limits the rotation angle between the angle limiting member (1311) and the swing member (1312).

3. The attachment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angle limiting structure includes a swing rod (13122) disposed on the swing member (1312), and also includes a first shoulder (13111) and a second shoulder (13112) disposed on the angle limiting member (1311), wherein the first shoulder (13111) and the second shoulder (13112) are distributed on both sides of the circumference of the swing rod (13122).

4. The attachment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rigid-flexible switching assembly (13) includes a guide mechanism, which includes a contraction end (1322) located at one end of the positioning rod (132) facing the connecting beam (12), the cross-sectional area of ​​the contraction end (1322) gradually decreasing from the end away from the connecting beam (12) to the end closer to the connecting beam (12), and / or, the guide mechanism includes a guide block (134) fixed to the flip beam (11), the positioning rod (132) is provided with a locking groove (1323) extending along the length direction of the positioning rod (132), one end of the guide block (134) is accommodated in the locking groove (1323) to guide the movement of the positioning rod (132).

5. The attachment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rigid-flexible switching component (13) also includes a positioning rod drive (133) for driving the positioning rod (132) to move.

6. The attachment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rigid-flexible switching component (13) is configured as a disc spring.

7. The attachment according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The attachment includes a detection mechanism (4), and at least one of the plurality of the overturning beams (11) is equipped with the detection mechanism (4).

8. The attachment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The detection mechanism (4) is located on the side of the plane where the multiple connecting beams (12) are located, close to the connection point between the rotating part (1) and the fixed part (2).

9. The attachment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The attachment includes a retrieval structure (14) mounted on each of the flip beams (11), the attachment being configured such that the flip beam (11) and the connecting beam (12) are rigidly connected after each retrieval structure (14) and the object to be retrieved are locked, and the flip beam (11) and the connecting beam (12) are flexibly connected when at least one of the retrieval structures (14) and the object to be retrieved are not locked.

10. A working device, characterized in that, The working equipment includes the attachments described in any one of claims 1-9.

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