Method and apparatus for receive antenna adaptation for user equipment power saving

Abstract

User equipment (UE) uses downlink positioning reference signal (PRS) beams for positioning measurements. PRS beams can be transmitted using beamforming and in a beam sweeping manner. The UE receives assistance data including PRS configuration information including azimuth and elevation angle information and beam width information for each PRS beam. The beam width information can include beam width, boresight direction uncertainty, beam width uncertainty, and side / back lobe beam information. The UE can select or adapt receive (Rx) antennas based on the beam width information to reduce power consumption (e.g., by reducing the number of Rx antennas used to receive a wide PRS beam, and selecting a larger number of Rx antennas when the PRS beam is narrower).

Description

[0001] Priority requirements

[0002] This application claims priority to Indian Application No. 202021038645, filed on September 8, 2020, entitled “METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR RXANTENNA ADAPTATION FOR UE POWER SAVING”, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0003] background

[0004] field:

[0005] The subject matter disclosed herein relates to locating user equipment using received positioning reference signals, and more specifically to antenna adaptation for user equipment based on the configuration of positioning reference signals.

[0006] information:

[0007] The location of user equipment (UE) (such as a cellular phone) can be useful or essential for several applications, including emergency calls, navigation, direction finding, asset tracking, and internet services. The UE's location can be estimated based on information collected from various systems. For example, in cellular networks implemented using 4G (also known as fourth-generation) Long Term Evolution (LTE) radio access or 5G (also known as fifth-generation) "New Radio" (NR), base stations can transmit downlink reference signals (such as a Position Reference Signal (PRS)) for location. Auxiliary data is sent to the UE to assist in acquiring and measuring the signals, and in some implementations, the location estimate is calculated based on the measurements. The UE can acquire PRS transmitted from different base stations and perform location measurements (such as Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD), Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), and Receive-to-Transmit (RX-TX) time difference measurements), which can be used in various location methods (such as Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA), Angle of Departure (AOD), and Multi-Cell Round-Trip Time (RTT)). The UE can use various positioning methods to calculate an estimate of its own location, or it can send positioning measurements to a network entity (e.g., a location server) that can calculate the UE's location based on those measurements. Improvements in efficiency (e.g., power consumption and complexity) are desirable.

[0008] Overview

[0009] The User Equipment (UE) uses the downlink Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) beam for positioning measurements. The PRS beam can be transmitted using beamforming and in a beam-sweeping manner. The UE receives auxiliary data including PRS configuration information, which includes azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam. The beamwidth information may include beamwidth, line-of-sight uncertainty, beamwidth uncertainty, and sidelobe / backlobe beamwidth information. The UE can select or adapt the receive (Rx) antennas based on the beamwidth information to reduce power consumption (e.g., by reducing the number of Rx antennas used to receive wide PRS beams and selecting a larger number of Rx antennas when the PRS beam is narrow).

[0010] In one implementation, a method performed by a user equipment (UE) for positioning the UE includes: receiving a PRS configuration for receiving positioning reference signal (PRS) beams, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; receiving the PRS beams based on the PRS configuration; and performing positioning measurements using the PRS beams.

[0011] In one implementation, a user equipment (UE) configured for positioning includes: a radio transceiver configured to wirelessly communicate with an entity in a wireless network; at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the radio transceiver and the at least one memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: receive a PRS configuration for receiving positioning reference signal (PRS) beams, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; receive the PRS beams based on the PRS configuration; and perform positioning measurements using the PRS beams.

[0012] In one implementation, a user equipment (UE) configured for positioning includes: means for receiving a PRS configuration for receiving positioning reference signal (PRS) beams, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; means for receiving the PRS beams based on the PRS configuration; and means for performing positioning measurements using the PRS beams.

[0013] In one implementation, a non-transient storage medium includes program code stored thereon, the program code being operable to configure at least one processor in a user equipment (UE) for positioning, the program code including instructions for: receiving a PRS configuration for receiving positioning reference signal (PRS) beams, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; receiving the PRS beams based on the PRS configuration; and performing positioning measurements using the PRS beams.

[0014] In one implementation, a method performed by a location server for positioning a user equipment (UE) includes: receiving a positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration from one or more base stations for PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; preparing positioning assistance data for the UE including the PRS configuration for receiving the PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, the assistance data including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; and sending an LPP assistance data message including the positioning assistance data to the UE.

[0015] In one implementation, a location server configured to support positioning of a user equipment (UE) includes: an external interface configured to communicate with entities in a wireless network; at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the external interface and the at least one memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: receive a positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration from one or more base stations for PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; prepare positioning assistance data for the UE including the PRS configuration for receiving the PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, the assistance data including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; and send an assistance data message including the positioning assistance data to the UE.

[0016] In one implementation, a location server configured for positioning a user equipment (UE) includes: means for receiving a positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration from one or more base stations, the PRS configuration being for PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; means for preparing positioning assistance data for the UE including the PRS configuration for receiving the PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, the positioning assistance data including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; and means for sending an assistance data message including the positioning assistance data to the UE.

[0017] In one implementation, a non-transient storage medium includes program code stored thereon, the program code being operable to configure at least one processor in a location server to support positioning of a user equipment (UE), the program code including instructions for: receiving a positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration from one or more base stations, the PRS configuration being for PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; preparing positioning assistance data for the UE including the PRS configuration for receiving the PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, the positioning assistance data including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; and sending an assistance data message including the positioning assistance data to the UE.

[0018] Other objectives and advantages associated with the aspects disclosed herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on the accompanying drawings and detailed description. Brief description of the attached diagram

[0020] The accompanying drawings are provided to help describe various aspects of this disclosure, and are provided solely for illustrative purposes and not for limiting the scope of the disclosure.

[0021] Figure 1A Exemplary wireless communication systems according to various aspects of this disclosure are explained.

[0022] Figure 1B The diagram shows the architecture of an NG-RAN node, which includes a gNB central unit, gNB distributed units, and gNB remote units.

[0023] Figure 2A and 2B Example wireless network architectures based on various aspects of this disclosure are explained.

[0024] Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the design of a base station and a UE, which could be one of the base stations and one of the user equipment (UE) shown in Figure 1.

[0025] Figure 4 The structure of an exemplary subframe sequence for a positioning reference signal (PRS) is shown.

[0026] Figure 5 The explanation describes a UE that can receive auxiliary data including PRS beamwidth information and can adapt the Rx antenna based on this beamwidth information.

[0027] Figure 6 An example of a base station is shown that is able to provide the UE with PRS beamwidth information that can be included in the positioning assistance data.

[0028] Figure 7 A server capable of providing auxiliary data, including PRS beamwidth information, to the UE is shown.

[0029] Figure 8 The explanation focused on a base station that transmits DL-PRS resources as several directional beams.

[0030] Figure 9 The directionality of the PRS beam in the coordinate system was explained.

[0031] Figure 10 The downlink departure angle (AOD) performed by the UE is explained.

[0032] Figure 11 The commentary addressed the issue of Figure 10 The simulated beam pattern of the measured beam gain and the normalization of the relative beam gain with respect to the beam index at a specific angle.

[0033] Figure 12A and 12B The explanation covers the UE receiving relatively narrow and relatively wide PRS beams and the selection of the number of receiving antennas to generate the corresponding receiving beams.

[0034] Figure 13 The explanation focused on antenna adaptation, where the UE selects the number of receiving antennas based on beamwidth information about the PRS beam.

[0035] Figure 14 The explanation focuses on antenna panel adaptation, where the UE selects the number of receiving antenna panels based on beamwidth information about the PRS beam.

[0036] Figure 15 It describes the message stream between the location server, base station, and UE used to support the use of beamwidth information to locate the UE and select the Rx antenna based on the beamwidth information.

[0037] Figure 16 A flowchart is shown of an exemplary method performed by a user equipment (UE) to support the UE's location in a wireless network.

[0038] Figure 17 A flowchart is shown of an exemplary method performed by a location server to support the location of a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network.

[0039] Detailed description

[0040] Various aspects of this disclosure are provided below in the description and accompanying drawings of various examples provided for illustrative purposes. Alternative aspects may be designed without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Furthermore, elements well-known in this disclosure will not be described in detail or will be omitted so as not to obscure the relevant details of this disclosure.

[0041] The terms “exemplary” and / or “example” are used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” and / or “example” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other aspects. Similarly, the term “aspects of this disclosure” does not require that all aspects of this disclosure include the features, advantages, or modes of operation discussed.

[0042] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the information and signals described below can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and arts. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referred to throughout the following description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof, depending in part on the specific application, in part on the desired design, in part on the corresponding technology, etc.

[0043] Furthermore, many aspects are described in the form of sequences of actions performed by elements of, for example, computing devices. It will be appreciated that the various actions described herein can be performed by special-purpose circuitry (e.g., application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs)), by program instructions being executed by one or more processors, or by a combination of both. Additionally, the sequences of actions described herein can be considered to be fully embodied in any form of non-transient computer-readable storage medium storing a corresponding set of computer instructions that, upon execution, will cause an associated processor of the device to perform the functionality described herein. Thus, various aspects of this disclosure can be embodied in several different forms, all of which are contemplated to fall within the scope of the claimed subject matter. Furthermore, for each aspect described herein, a corresponding form of any such aspect may be described herein as, for example, "logic configured to perform the described actions."

[0044] As used herein, the terms “User Equipment” (UE) and “base station” are not intended to be specific to or otherwise limited to any particular radio access technology (RAT) unless otherwise stated. Generally, a UE can be any wireless communication device used by a user to communicate over a wireless communication network (e.g., mobile phone, router, tablet computer, laptop computer, tracking device, wearable device (e.g., smartwatch, glasses, augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) headset, etc.), vehicle (e.g., car, motorcycle, bicycle, etc.), Internet of Things (IoT) device, etc.). A UE can be mobile or can (e.g., at certain times) be stationary and can communicate with a radio access network (RAN). As used herein, the term “UE” can be interchangeably referred to as “access terminal” or “AT,” “client device,” “wireless device,” “subscriber equipment,” “subscriber terminal,” “subscriber station,” “user terminal” or “UT,” “mobile terminal,” “mobile station,” “mobile device,” or variations thereof. Generally, a UE can communicate with the core network via the RAN, and through the core network, the UE can connect to external networks (such as the Internet) and other UEs. Of course, other mechanisms for connecting to the core network and / or the Internet are also possible for the UE, such as through a wired access network, a wireless local area network (WLAN) (e.g., based on IEEE 802.11, etc.).

[0045] A base station, transmission point, or transmit-receive point (TRP) may operate according to one of several RATs when communicating with a UE, depending on the network in which it is deployed, and may be alternatively referred to as an access point (AP), network node, B-node, evolved B-node (eNB), new radio (NR) B-node (also known as gNB or gNodeB), etc. Additionally, in some systems, the base station may provide purely edge node signaling functions, while in others, it may provide additional control and / or network management functions. The communication link through which the UE can signal to the base station is called an uplink (UL) channel (e.g., reverse traffic channel, reverse control channel, access channel, etc.). The communication link through which the base station can signal to the UE is called a downlink (DL) or forward link channel (e.g., paging channel, control channel, broadcast channel, forward traffic channel, etc.). As used herein, the term traffic channel (TCH) may refer to either a UL / reverse or DL / forward traffic channel.

[0046] The term "base station" can refer to a single physical transmission point or multiple physical transmission points that may or may not be located in the same place. For example, when the term "base station" refers to a single physical transmission point, that physical transmission point can be a base station antenna corresponding to a cell of the base station. When the term "base station" refers to multiple physical transmission points located in the same place, these physical transmission points can be the antenna array of the base station (e.g., in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system or in the case of beamforming at the base station). When the term "base station" refers to multiple physical transmission points not located in the same place, these physical transmission points can be a distributed antenna system (DAS) (a network of spatially separated antennas connected to a common source via a transmission medium) or a remote radio headend (RRH) (a remote base station connected to the serving base station). Alternatively, physical transmission points not located in the same place can be the serving base station from which the UE receives measurement reports and neighboring base stations from which the UE is measuring its reference radio frequency (RF) signal.

[0047] To support UE positioning, two main categories of positioning solutions have been defined: control plane and user plane. Control plane (CP) positioning allows signaling related to positioning and positioning support to be carried over existing network (and UE) interfaces using existing protocols dedicated to signaling transmission. User plane (UP) positioning allows signaling related to positioning and positioning support to be carried as part of other data using protocols such as Internet Protocol (IP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), and User Datagram Protocol (UDP).

[0048] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has defined control plane positioning solutions for UEs using radio access based on Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) (2G), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) (3G), LTE (4G), and New Radio (NR) for fifth-generation (5G) networks. These solutions are defined in 3GPP Technical Specifications (TS) 23.271 and 23.273 (common parts), 43.059 (GSM access), 25.305 (UMTS access), 36.305 (LTE access), and 38.305 (NR access). The Open Mobility Alliance (OMA) similarly defines an up-plane positioning solution called Secure User Plane Positioning (SUPL), which can be used to locate UEs accessing any of several radio interfaces supporting IP packet access, such as General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) in GSM, GPRS in UMTS, or IP access in LTE or NR.

[0049] Both CP and UP location solutions can utilize location servers to support positioning. A location server can be part of or accessible from the UE's serving or home network, or it can be simply accessed via the Internet or a local intranet. If positioning of a UE is required, the location server can initiate a session with the UE (e.g., a location session or a SUPL session) and coordinate location measurements performed by the UE and the determination of the estimated location for the UE. During a location session, the location server can request positioning capabilities from the UE (or the UE can provide these capabilities to the location server without a request), provide auxiliary data to the UE (e.g., upon request by the UE or without a request), and request location estimates or measurements from the UE for use with various positioning techniques (e.g., for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA), Angle of Departure (AOD), Round Trip Time (RTT), and Multi-Cell RTT (Multi-RTT) and / or Enhanced Cellular ID (ECID) positioning methods). Auxiliary data may be used by the UE to acquire and measure GNSS and / or reference signals (such as positioning reference signals (PRS)) (e.g., by providing the expected characteristics of these signals (such as frequency, expected time of arrival, signal coding, signal Doppler)).

[0050] In UE-based operating modes, auxiliary data may be used by the UE, either additionally or alternatively, to help determine a location estimate from the obtained location measurement (e.g., to provide satellite ephemeris in the case of GNSS positioning or to provide base station location and other base station characteristics (such as PRS timing) in the case of ground positioning using, for example, TDOA, AOD, multi-RTT, etc).

[0051] In UE-assisted operation mode, the UE can return location measurements to a location server, which can determine the UE's estimated location based on these measurements and possibly also on other known or configured data (e.g., satellite ephemeris data for GNSS positioning or base station characteristics (including base station location and possible PRS timing) in cases of ground positioning using methods such as TDOA, ADD, multi-RTT, etc.).

[0052] In another autonomous operating mode, the UE can perform location-related measurements without any positioning assistance data from a location server, and can further calculate position or position changes without any positioning assistance data from a location server. Positioning methods that can be used in autonomous mode include GPS and GNSS (e.g., in cases where the UE obtains satellite orbit data from data broadcast by the GPS and GNSS satellites themselves) and sensors.

[0053] In the case of a 3GPP CP location, the location server may be an Enhanced Serving Mobile Location Center (E-SMLC) for LTE access, a Self-reliant SMLC (SAS) for UMTS access, a Serving Mobile Location Center (SMLC) for GSM access, or a Location Management Function (LMF) for 5G NR access. In the case of an OMASUPL location, the location server may be a SUPL Location Platform (SLP), which may act as any of the following: (i) a Home SLP (H-SLP) (in the case of being in or associated with the UE's home network, or in the case of providing a permanent subscription for location services to the UE); (ii) a Discovered SLP (D-SLP) (in the case of being in or associated with some other (non-home) network, or in the case of not being associated with any network); (iii) an Emergency SLP (E-SLP) (in the case of supporting location for emergency calls initiated by the UE); or (iv) a Visited SLP (V-SLP) (in the case of being in or associated with the UE's serving network or current local area).

[0054] During a location session, the location server and the UE can exchange messages defined according to a location protocol to coordinate the determination of the estimated location. Possible location protocols may include, for example, the LTE Location Protocol (LPP) defined by 3GPP in 3GPP TS 36.355 and the LPP Extensions (LPPe) protocols defined by OMA in OMA TS OMA-TS-LPPe-V1_0, OMA-TS-LPPe-V1_1, and OMA-TS-LPPe-V2_0. LPP and LPPe protocols can be used in combination, where an LPP message contains an embedded LPPe message. The combined LPP and LPPe protocols can be referred to as LPP / LPPe. LPP and LPP / LPPe can be used to help support 3GPP control plane solutions for LTE or NR access, in which case LPP or LPP / LPPe messages are exchanged between the UE and the E-SMLC or between the UE and the LMF. LPP or LPPe messages can be exchanged between the UE and the E-SMLC via the UE's Serving Mobility Management Entity (MME) and the Serving Evolved B-Node. LPP or LPPe messages can also be exchanged between the UE and the LMF via the UE's Serving Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) and Serving NR B-Node (gNB). LPP and LPP / LPPe can also be used to help support OMASUPL solutions for many types of radio access that support IP messaging, such as LTE, NR, and WiFi, where LPP or LPP / LPPe messages are exchanged between the SUPL-enabled terminal (SET) (SET is the term used for the UE in SUPL) and the SLP, and can be transmitted within SUPL messages such as SUPL POS or SUPL POS INIT messages.

[0055] Location servers and base stations (e.g., evolved B-nodes for LTE access) can exchange messages enabling the location server to: (i) obtain location measurements for a specific UE from the base station, or (ii) obtain parameters of location information (such as the location coordinates of the base station's antennas), the cells supported by the base station (e.g., cell identity), the base station's cell timing, and / or signals transmitted by the base station (such as PRS signals) that are not associated with a specific UE. In the case of LTE access, the LPP A (LPPa) protocol can be used to transmit such messages between the base station acting as an evolved B-node and the location server acting as an E-SMLC. In the case of NR access, the NRPPA protocol can be used to transmit such messages between the base station acting as a g-B-node and the location server acting as an LMF. Note that the terms "parameter" and "information element" (IE) are synonyms and are used interchangeably herein.

[0056] To improve UE positioning using DL PRS, enhancements and solutions are desired to support high accuracy, low latency, network efficiency, and device efficiency (power consumption, complexity, etc.), particularly for commercial use cases (including general commercial use cases and specifically (I) IoT use cases). In Release 16 (Rel-16), it is agreed to report UE DL PRS processing capabilities for the maximum DL PRS bandwidth in MHz, including the duration of DL PRS symbols N that the UE can process per T ms under the assumption of the maximum DL PRS bandwidth in MHz, in milliseconds (ms), and the maximum number of DL PRS resources that the UE can process in a time slot. UEs are not expected to process DL PRS without configured measurement intervals. UE DL PRS processing capabilities are defined for a single positioning frequency layer. Rel-16 does not support UE capabilities for simultaneous DL PRS processing across positioning frequency layers.

[0057] For future versions (e.g., version 17), it is desirable to evaluate UE power consumption for NR positioning. For example, adapting the number of Tx / Rx antennas (panels) used by the UE can provide a power saving gain of up to 3%-30%. Therefore, by properly adapting the Tx / Rx antennas during positioning, significant improvements in device efficiency, especially power consumption, can be achieved.

[0058] During positioning using signaling in LTE and 5G NR, the UE typically acquires a dedicated positioning reference signal (e.g., PRS) transmitted by the base station, which is used to generate desired measurements for the supported positioning technologies. The Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) is defined for 5G NR positioning, enabling the UE to detect and measure more neighboring base stations or Transport and Receive Points (TRPs). Several configurations are supported to enable various deployments (e.g., indoor, outdoor, sub-6GHz, mmW). To support PRS beaming operation, beam sweeping against the PRS is additionally supported. Table 1 below illustrates the 3GPP version numbers (e.g., version 16 or version 15) that define the specific reference signals used for various UE measurements and accompanying positioning technologies.

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] Table 1

[0062] In 5G NR, base stations (i.e., gNBs) can transmit PRS resources in a beam-sweeping manner. In other words, gNBs can use beamforming and transmit PRS resources in a specific direction. UEs can use PRS resources to perform positioning measurements. Auxiliary data, including PRS configuration information, can be provided to the UE to assist in measuring PRS resources. PRS configuration information includes PRS beam information, such as beam azimuth and elevation angles.

[0063] As described herein, the PRS configuration information regarding the PRS beam may further include beamwidth information. Beamwidth information can be useful, for example, to assist the UE in receiving the PRS beam or to adapt the Rx antenna. Beamwidth information may include, for example, the beamwidth of the PRS beam. In some implementations, the beamwidth may include spatial dimensions (e.g., azimuth and elevation). The beamwidth information may additionally or alternatively include uncertainty information, such as line-of-sight direction uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty. This information may also have spatial dimensions (e.g., azimuth and elevation). The beamwidth information may additionally or alternatively include information about the sidelobes and / or backlobes associated with each beam.

[0064] Beamwidth information can be used by the UE to select the antenna for receiving the PRS beam. Knowledge of the PRS beamwidth, along with other beam pattern information, allows the UE to adapt its Rx antenna for power savings. For example, if the PRS beam is a wide-angle beam, the UE can adapt its antenna to use a single (or fewer) antenna, enabling high-quality positioning measurements. Reducing the number of antennas to, for example, a single Rx antenna saves power consumption.

[0065] Figure 1A An exemplary wireless communication system 100 has been described. The wireless communication system 100 (also referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN)) may include various network nodes (including base stations and UEs). Base station 102 (sometimes referred to as TRP 102) may include macrocell base stations (high-power cellular base stations) and / or small cell base stations (low-power cellular base stations). In one aspect, the macrocell base station may include an eNB (where the wireless communication system 100 corresponds to an LTE network), or a gNB (where the wireless communication system 100 corresponds to a 5G network), or a combination of both, and the small cell base station may include femtocells, picocells, microcells, etc.

[0066] Each base station 102 can collectively form a RAN and interface with a core network 170 (e.g., an evolved packet core (EPC) or next-generation core (NGC)) via a backhaul link 122, and interface with one or more location servers 172 via the core network 170. Among other functions, base station 102 can also perform functions related to one or more of the following: transmitting user data, radio channel cryptography and decoding, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity), inter-cell interference coordination, connection establishment and release, load balancing, distribution of non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, RAN sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS), subscriber and equipment tracking, RAN information management (RIM), paging, location, and delivery of alarm messages. Base stations 102 can communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via EPC / NGC) on a backhaul link 134, which can be wired or wireless.

[0067] Base station 102 can wirelessly communicate with UE 104. Each base station 102 can provide communication coverage for a corresponding geographic coverage area 110. In one aspect, one or more cells can be supported by base station 102 in each coverage area 110. A “cell” is a logical communication entity used to communicate with a base station (e.g., on a frequency resource, it is referred to as a carrier frequency, component carrier, carrier, frequency band, etc.) and can be associated with an identifier (e.g., Physical Cell Identifier (PCID), Virtual Cell Identifier (VCID)) to distinguish cells operating via the same or different carrier frequencies. In some cases, different cells can be configured according to different protocol types that can provide access for different types of UEs (e.g., Machine Type Communication (MTC), Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), or others). In some cases, the term “cell” can also refer to a geographic coverage area (e.g., a sector) of a base station in the sense that a carrier frequency can be detected and used for communication within a portion of geographic coverage area 110.

[0068] While the geographic coverage areas 110 of adjacent macrocell base stations 102 may partially overlap (e.g., in handover areas), some geographic coverage areas 110 may substantially overlap with larger geographic coverage areas 110. For example, a small cell base station 102' may have a coverage area 110' that substantially overlaps with the coverage areas 110 of one or more macrocell base stations 102. A network that includes both small cell and macrocell base stations may be referred to as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include home eNBs (HeNBs) that provide service to a restricted group known as a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG).

[0069] The communication link 120 between base station 102 and UE 104 may include UL (also known as reverse link) transmission from UE 104 to base station 102 and / or downlink (DL) (also known as forward link) transmission from base station 102 to UE 104. The communication link 120 may use MIMO antenna technologies, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication link 120 may use one or more carrier frequencies. Carrier allocation may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated to DL compared to UL).

[0070] The wireless communication system 100 may further include a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AP) 150 communicating with a WLAN station (STA) 152 via a communication link 154 in unlicensed spectrum (e.g., 5 GHz). When communicating in unlicensed spectrum, the WLAN STA 152 and / or WLAN AP 150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) to determine whether the channel is available before communication begins.

[0071] Small cell base station 102' can operate in licensed and / or unlicensed spectrum. When operating in unlicensed spectrum, small cell base station 102' can employ LTE or 5G technology and use the same 5GHz unlicensed spectrum as used by WLAN AP 150. Small cell base station 102' employing LTE / 5G in unlicensed spectrum can enhance access network coverage and / or increase access network capacity. LTE in unlicensed spectrum may be referred to as LTE Unlicensed (LTE-U), Licensed Assisted Access (LAA), or MulteFire.

[0072] The wireless communication system 100 may further include a millimeter-wave (mmW) base station 180, which can operate in mmW and / or near-mmW frequencies to communicate with the UE 182. Extremely high frequency (EHF) is a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that contains radio frequency (RF). EHF has a range of 30 GHz to 300 GHz and wavelengths between 1 mm and 10 mm. Radio waves in this band are referred to as millimeter waves. Near-mmW extends down to a 3 GHz frequency with a 100 mm wavelength. Ultra-high frequency (SHF) bands extend between 3 GHz and 30 GHz, and are also referred to as centimeter waves. Communication using mmW / near-mmW RF bands has high path loss and relatively short range. The mmW base station 180 and the UE 182 can utilize beamforming (transmit and / or receive) on the mmW communication link 184 to compensate for the extremely high path loss and short range. Furthermore, it will be appreciated that in alternative configurations, one or more base stations 102 may also use mmW or near-mmW and beamforming for transmission. Accordingly, it will be understood that the foregoing explanations are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the aspects disclosed herein.

[0073] Transmit beamforming is a technique for focusing RF signals in a specific direction. Conventionally, when a network node (e.g., a base station) broadcasts an RF signal, it broadcasts the signal in all directions (omnidirectionally). Using transmit beamforming, the network node determines where a given target device (e.g., a UE) is located (relative to the transmitting network node) and projects a stronger downlink RF signal in that specific direction, thus providing the receiving device with a faster (in terms of data rate) and stronger RF signal. To change the directivity of the RF signal during transmission, the network node can control the phase and relative amplitude of the RF signal at each of one or more transmitters broadcasting the RF signal. For example, the network node can use an antenna array (referred to as a "phased array" or "antenna array") that generates a beam of RF waves, which can be "guided" to different directions without actually moving the antennas. Specifically, RF currents from the transmitters are fed to the individual antennas with the correct phase relationship so that radio waves from the separate antennas add together in the desired direction to increase radiation, while canceling each other out in the undesired direction to suppress radiation.

[0074] In receive beamforming, a receiver uses a receive beam to amplify an RF signal detected on a given channel. For example, a receiver may increase the gain setting of an antenna array and / or adjust the phase setting of the antenna array in a specific direction to amplify the RF signal received from that direction (e.g., increase its gain level). Thus, when a receiver is designated to perform beamforming in a certain direction, it means that the beam gain in that direction is higher than the beam gain in other directions, or that the beam gain in that direction is the highest compared to the beam gain of all other receive beams available to that receiver in that direction. This results in a stronger received signal strength (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR), etc.) of the RF signal received from that direction.

[0075] In 5G, the spectrum in which radio nodes (e.g., base stations 102 / 180, UEs 104 / 182) operate is divided into several frequency ranges: FR1 (from 450 to 6000 MHz), FR2 (from 24250 to 52600 MHz), FR3 (above 52600 MHz), and FR4 (between FR1 and FR2). In multi-carrier systems (such as 5G), one of the carrier frequencies is referred to as the “primary carrier” or “anchor carrier” or “primary serving cell” or “PCell,” and the remaining carrier frequencies are referred to as “secondary carriers” or “secondary serving cells” or “SCell.” In carrier aggregation, the anchor carrier is the carrier operating on the primary frequency (e.g., FR1) utilized by UE 104 / 182 and on the cell in which UE 104 / 182 performs an initial radio resource control (RRC) connection establishment procedure or initiates an RRC connection re-establishment procedure. The primary carrier carries all shared and UE-specific control channels. A secondary carrier is a carrier operating on a second frequency (e.g., FR2). This carrier can be configured once an RRC connection is established between UE 104 and the anchor carrier, and it can be used to provide additional radio resources. The secondary carrier may contain only the necessary signaling information and signals; for example, UE-specific signaling information and signals may not be present in the secondary carrier, as both the primary uplink and downlink carriers are typically UE-specific. This means that different UEs 104 / 182 within a cell can have different downlink primary carriers. The same applies to the uplink primary carrier. The network can change the primary carrier of any UE 104 / 182 at any time. For example, this is done to balance the load on different carriers. Since a “serving cell” (whether PCell or SCell) corresponds to the carrier frequency / component carrier that a base station is using for communication, the terms “cell,” “serving cell,” “component carrier,” “carrier frequency,” etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0076] For example, still refer to Figure 1A One of the frequencies utilized by the macrocell base station 102 can be an anchor carrier (or "PCell"), and other frequencies utilized by the macrocell base station 102 and / or mmW base station 180 can be secondary carriers ("SCell"). Simultaneous transmission and / or reception on multiple carriers allows the UE 104 / 182 to significantly increase its data transmission and / or reception rates. For example, two 20MHz aggregated carriers in a multi-carrier system would theoretically result in twice the data rate (i.e., 40MHz) compared to the data rate obtained from a single 20MHz carrier.

[0077] The wireless communication system 100 may further include one or more UEs (such as UE 186) that are indirectly connected to one or more communication networks via one or more device-to-device (D2D) peer-to-peer (P2P) links. Figure 1A In the example, UE 186 has a D2D P2P link 192 with a UE 104 connected to a base station 102 (e.g., UE 186 can indirectly obtain cellular connectivity from this link), and a D2D P2P link 194 with a WLAN STA 152 connected to a WLAN AP 150 (UE 186 can indirectly obtain WLAN-based Internet connectivity from this link). In one example, D2D P2P links 192 and 194 can use any known D2D RAT (such as LTE Direct (LTE-D), WiFi Direct (WiFi-D)). (etc.) to support.

[0078] The wireless communication system 100 may further include a UE 104, which can communicate with the macrocell base station 102 on the communication link 120 and / or with the mmW base station 180 on the mmW communication link 184. For example, the macrocell base station 102 may support PCell and one or more SCells for the UE 104, and the mmW base station 180 may support one or more SCells for the UE 104.

[0079] Figure 1B It shows that it can be used Figure 1A An architectural diagram of NG-RAN node 190 within the NG-RAN (e.g., as a separate entity or as part of another gNB). Depending on one implementation, NG-RAN node 190 could be gNB 102. For example, Figure 1B The architecture shown can be applied to Figure 1A Any gNB 102.

[0080] As explained, gNB 102 may include a gNB Central Unit (gNB-CU) 192, a gNB Distributed Unit (gNB-DU) 194, and a gNB Remote Unit (gNB-RU) 196, which may be physically coexisting within gNB 102 or physically separate. gNB-CU 192 is a logical or physical node that hosts and supports the Radio Resource Control (RRC), Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) protocols of gNB 102 used on the NR Uu air interface, and controls the operation of one or more gNB-DUs and / or gNB-RUs. gNB-CU 192 terminates the F1 interface connected to the gNB-DU, and in some implementations, terminates the F1 interface connected to the gNB-RU. As explained, gNB-CU 192 may communicate with the AMF via the NG interface. gNB-CU 192 may further communicate with one or more other gNB 102s via the Xn interface. The gNB-DU 194 is a logical or physical node that hosts support for the Radio Link Control (RLC), Media Access Control (MAC), and Physical (PHY) protocol layers used on the NR Uu air interface of the gNB 102. The operation of the gNB-DU 194 is partially controlled by the gNB-CU 192. The gNB-DU terminates the F1 interface connected to the gNB-CU 192 and may also terminate the lower-layer split point interface Fx of the gNB-RU. The gNB-RU 196 can be split based on lower-layer functions and is a logical or physical node that hosts support for lower-layer functions such as the PHY and Radio Frequency (RF) protocol layers used on the NR Uu air interface of the gNB 102. The operation of the gNB-RU 196 is partially controlled by the gNB-CU 192 and / or the gNB-DU 194. The gNB-RU 196 terminates the Fx interface connected to the gNB-DU 194 and, in some implementations, may terminate the F1 interface connected to the gNB-CU 192.

[0081] gNB-CU 192 requests positioning measurements (e.g., E-CID) from gNB-DU 194 and / or gNB-RU 196. gNB-DU 194 and / or gNB-RU 196 can report the measurements back to gNB-CU 192. gNB-DU 194 or gNB-RU 196 may include positioning measurement functionality. It should be understood that individual measurement nodes are not excluded.

[0082] Additionally, such as Figure 1BAs explained, gNB 102 may include a transmission point (TP) 111 and a receiver point (RP) 113 that combine to form a transmission-receive point (TRP) 112, which may be physically or logically located within gNB 102. gNB-CU 192 may be configured to communicate with TP 111 and RP 113, for example, via an F1 interface. Therefore, gNB-CU 192 controls one or more TP 111 and RP 113 that can be accessed from gNB-CU 192 via the F1 interface.

[0083] In some embodiments, NG-RAN node 190 (or gNB 102) may include Figure 1B A subset of the components shown. For example, NG-RAN node 190 may include gNB-CU 192, but may not include one or more of gNB-DU 194 and gNB-RU 196, RP 113, or TP 111. Alternatively, NG-RAN node 190 may include one or more of gNB-DU 194 and RP 113 or TP 111, but may not include gNB-RU 196. Furthermore, Figure 1B The components shown can be logically separate but physically coexisting, or they can be physically partially or completely separate. For example, one or more of gNB-DU 194 and / or gNB-RU 196, RP 113, or TP 111 can be physically separate from gNB-CU 192, or can be physically combined with gNB-CU 192. In the case of physical separation, the F1 or Fx interface can define signaling on the physical link or connection between the two separate components. In some implementations, gNB-CU 192 can be split into a control plane portion (referred to as CU-CP or gNB-CU-CP) and a user plane portion (referred to as CU-UP or gNB-CU-UP). In this case, both gNB-CU-CP and gNB-CU-UP can interact with gNB-DU 194 and / or gNB-RU 196 to support NR Uu air interface signaling for the control plane and user plane, respectively. However, only gNB-CU-CP can interact with TP 111 and RP 113 to support and control location-related communications.

[0084] The protocol layering between gNB-CU 192 and TP 111 and RP 113 can be based on F1 C as defined in 3GPP TS 38.470, which uses the F1 Application Protocol (F1AP) at the top level as specified in 3GPP TS 38.473. New location-supporting messages can be added directly to the F1AP or introduced into new location-specific protocols that use the F1AP for transmission.

[0085] The positioning protocol with gNB-CU 192 can include all location-related protocols on the NG, Xn, and NR-Uu interfaces. For example, the positioning protocol between AMF 115 and NG-RAN node 190 can use NGAP. The positioning protocol between NG-RAN node 190 and other NG-RAN nodes (such as gNB 102) can use XnAP or protocols above XnAP, such as the Extended NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) as defined in 3GPP TS38.455. The positioning protocol between NG-RAN node 190 and UE 104 can use RRC and / or LPP.

[0086] Location-supporting messages can be carried within a transparent F1AP messaging container. For example, NGAP location reporting control and NAS transmission messages can be carried within UL / DLNGAP messaging. Location-related XnAP messages can be carried within UL / DL XnAP messaging. Location-related RRC (LPP) messages can be carried within UL / DL RRC (LPP) messaging.

[0087] Figure 2A Example wireless network architecture 200 is explained. For example, NGC 210 (also referred to as "5GC") can be functionally considered as control plane functions 214 (e.g., UE registration, authentication, network access, gateway selection, etc.) and user plane functions 212 (e.g., UE gateway functions, access to data networks, IP routing, etc.), which operate collaboratively to form the core network. User plane interface (NG-U) 213 and control plane interface (NG-C) 215 connect gNB 222 to NGC 210, specifically to control plane functions 214 and user plane functions 212. In an additional configuration, eNB 224 can also connect to NGC 210 via NG-C 215 to control plane function 214 and NG-U 213 to user plane function 212. Furthermore, eNB 224 can communicate directly with gNB 222 via backhaul connection 223. In some configurations, the new RAN 220 may have only one or more gNBs 222, while other configurations include one or more eNBs 224 and one or more gNBs 222. The gNB 222 or eNB 224 can be used with UE 204 (e.g., Figure 1AThe UE 204 may communicate with any UE depicted herein. Another optional aspect may include one or more location servers 230a, 230b (sometimes collectively referred to as location server 230) (which may correspond to location server 172), which may communicate with control plane function 214 and user plane function 212 in NGC 210, respectively, to provide location assistance to UE 204. Location server 230 may be implemented as multiple separate servers (e.g., physically separate servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules extending across multiple physical servers, etc.), or alternatively, each may correspond to a single server. Location server 230 may be configured to support one or more location services for UE 204, which UE 204 can connect to via the core network, NGC 210, and / or via the Internet (not described). Furthermore, location server 230 may be integrated into a component of the core network, or alternatively, may be external to the core network (e.g., in a new RAN 220).

[0088] Figure 2B Another example wireless network architecture 250 is described. For example, NGC 260 (also referred to as "5GC") can be functionally considered as a core network consisting of control plane functions (AMF) 264, user plane functions (UPF) 262, session management functions (SMF) 266, SLP 268, and LMF 270, which operate collaboratively to form the core network (i.e., NGC 260). User plane interface 263 and control plane interface 265 connect ng-eNB 224 to NGC 260, specifically to UPF 262 and AMF 264, respectively. In an additional configuration, gNB 222 can also connect to NGC 260 via control plane interface 265 to AMF 264 and user plane interface 263 to UPF 262. Furthermore, eNB 224 can communicate directly with gNB 222 via backhaul connection 223, regardless of whether it has direct gNB connectivity to NGC 260. In some configurations, the new RAN 220 may have only one or more gNB 222s, while other configurations include both one or more ng-eNB 224s and one or more gNB 222s. The gNB 222 or eNB 224 can be used with UE 204 (e.g., Figure 1A The base station of the new RAN 220 communicates with the AMF 264 on the N2 interface and with the UPF 262 on the N3 interface.

[0089] The AMF's functions include registration management, connection management, reachability management, mobility management, lawful interception, session management (SM) messaging between UE 204 and SMF 266, transparent proxy service for routing SM messages, access authentication and access authorization, short message service (SMS) messaging between UE 204 and the Short Message Service Function (SMSF) (not shown), and security anchor functionality (SEAF). The AMF also interacts with the Authentication Server Function (AUSF) (not shown) and UE 204, and receives an intermediate key established as a result of the UE 204 authentication process. In the case of UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) Subscriber Identity Module (USIM)-based authentication, the AMF retrieves security material from the AUSSF. The AMF's functions also include security context management (SCM). The SCM receives a key from the SEAF, which is used by the SCM to derive a key that varies depending on the access network. The functionality of the AMF also includes location service management for regulatory services, location service messaging between UE 204 and Location Management Function (LMF) 270 (which may correspond to Location Server 172) and between the new RAN 220 and LMF 270, Evolved Packet System (EPS) bearer identifier allocation for interoperability with EPS, and UE 204 mobility event notification. Furthermore, the AMF also supports functionality for non-3GPP access networks.

[0090] The functions of the UPF include: acting as an anchor point for intra / inter-RAT mobility (where applicable), acting as an external protocol data unit (PDU) session point for interconnection to a data network (not shown), providing packet routing and forwarding, packet inspection, user plane policy rule enforcement (e.g., gating, redirection, traffic steering), lawful interception (user plane collection), traffic usage reporting, user plane quality of service (QoS) handling (e.g., UL / DL rate enforcement, reflective QoS marking in DL), UL traffic verification (mapping of service data flow (SDF) to QoS flow), transport-level packet marking in UL and DL, DL packet buffering and DL data notification triggering, and sending and forwarding one or more "end markers" to the source RAN node.

[0091] The functions of SMF 266 include session management, UE Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation and management, selection and control of user plane functions, configuration of traffic steering at the UPF for routing traffic to the correct destination, control of policy enforcement and QoS, and downlink data notification. The interface used by SMF 266 to communicate with AMF 264 is called the N11 interface.

[0092] Another optional aspect may include an LMF 270, which can communicate with the NGC 260 to provide location assistance to the UE 204. The LMF 270 can be implemented as multiple separate servers (e.g., physically separate servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules extending across multiple physical servers, etc.), or alternatively, each may correspond to a single server. The LMF 270 can be configured to support one or more location services for the UE 204, which can connect to the LMF 270 via the core network, the NGC 260, and / or via the Internet (not described).

[0093] Figure 3 A block diagram of a design 300 for base station 102 and UE 104 is shown, which can be Figure 1A One of the base stations and one of the UEs. Base station 102 may be equipped with T antennas 334a to 334t, while UE 104 may be equipped with R antennas 352a to 352r, where generally T≥1 and R≥1.

[0094] At base station 102, transmit processor 320 can receive data destined for one or more UEs from data source 312, select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCS) for each UE based at least in part on channel quality indicators (CQI) received from each UE, process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data destined for each UE based at least in part on the MCS selected for each UE, and provide data symbols for all UEs. Transmit processor 320 can also process system information (e.g., semi-static resource allocation information (SRPI) and other information) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, upper-layer signaling, etc.), and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. Transmit processor 320 can also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal (PSS) and secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 330 can perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols, where applicable, and can provide T output symbol streams to T modulators (MODs) 332a to 332t. Each modulator 332 can process its own output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator 332 can further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and up-convert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The T downlink signals from modulators 332a to 332t can be transmitted via T antennas 334a to 334t, respectively. According to the aspects described in more detail below, position coding can be used to generate synchronization signals to convey additional information.

[0095] At UE 104, antennas 352a to 352r can receive downlink signals from base station 102 and / or other base stations and can provide the received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) 354a to 354r respectively. Each demodulator 354 can condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) the received signal to obtain an input sample. Each demodulator 354 can further process the input sample (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. MIMO detector 356 can obtain the received symbols from all R demodulators 354a to 354r, perform MIMO detection on these received symbols where applicable, and provide detected symbols. Receiver processor 358 can process (e.g., demodulate and decode) these detected symbols, provide the decoded data for UE 104 to data sink 360, and provide the decoded control information and system information to controller / processor 380. The channel processor can determine the Reference Received Power (RSRP), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Reference Received Quality (RSRQ), Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), etc. In some respects, one or more components of UE 104 may be included in the housing.

[0096] On the uplink, at UE 104, transmit processor 364 can receive and process data from data source 362 and control information from controller / processor 380 (e.g., reports including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, CQI, etc.). Transmit processor 364 can also generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. Symbols from transmit processor 364 can be pre-encoded by TX MIMO processor 366 where applicable, further processed by modulators 354a to 354r (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM, CP-OFDM, etc.), and transmitted to base station 102. At base station 102, uplink signals from UE 104 and other UEs can be received by antenna 334, processed by demodulator 332, detected by MIMO detector 336 where applicable, and further processed by receive processor 338 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by UE 104. The receiver processor 338 can provide decoded data to the data trap 339 and decoded control information to the controller / processor 340. The base station 102 may include a communication unit 344 and communicate with the location server 172 via the communication unit 344. The location server 172 may include a communication unit 394, a controller / processor 390, and a memory 392.

[0097] The controller / processor 340 of base station 102, the controller / processor 380 of UE 104, the controller / processor 390 of location server 172 and / or Figure 3Any other component may perform one or more techniques associated with broadcasting location assistance data in a differentiated manner, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 380 of UE104, the controller / processor 340 of base station 102, the controller 390 of location server 172, and / or Figure 3 Any other component that can execute or direct, for example Figure 16 and 17 The processes 1600 and 1700 and / or other processes as described herein. Memory 342, 382, ​​and 392 may store data and program code for base station 102, UE 104, and location server 172, respectively. In some aspects, memory 342 and / or memory 382 and / or memory 392 may include a non-transient computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions for wireless communication. For example, these one or more instructions may be executed or direct, when executed by one or more processors of UE 104, base station 102, and / or location server 172, for example... Figure 16 and 17 The operation of processes 1600 and 1700 and / or other processes as described herein. Scheduler 346 can schedule the UE for data transmission on the downlink and / or uplink.

[0098] As indicated above, Figure 3 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 3 The example described.

[0099] Figure 4 The structure of an exemplary subframe sequence 400 with a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) timing according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Subframe sequence 400 can be adapted for broadcasting PRS signals from a base station (e.g., any base station described herein) or other network nodes. Subframe sequence 400 can be used in LTE systems, and the same or similar subframe sequences can be used in other communication technologies / protocols (such as 5G and NR). Figure 4 In this representation, time is horizontally (e.g., on the X-axis), where time increases from left to right, while frequency is vertically (e.g., on the Y-axis), where frequency increases (or decreases) from bottom to top. Figure 4 As shown, downlink and uplink radio frames 410 can each have a duration of 10 milliseconds (ms). For downlink frequency division duplex (FDD) mode, in the illustrated example, radio frame 410 is organized into ten subframes 412, each with a duration of 1 ms. Each subframe 412 includes two time slots 414, each time slot having a duration of, for example, 0.5 ms.

[0100] In the frequency domain, the available bandwidth can be divided into evenly spaced orthogonal subcarriers 416 (also referred to as “frequency modulation” or “frequency slots”). For example, for a normal-length cyclic prefix (CP) using, for example, a 15 kHz interval, the subcarriers 416 can be grouped into a group with twelve (12) subcarriers. A resource (represented as a block of subframe 412) of one OFDM symbol length in the time domain and one subcarrier in the frequency domain is called a resource element (RE). Each group of 12 subcarriers 416 and 14 OFDM symbols is called a resource block (RB), and in the above example, the number of subcarriers in a resource block can be written as For a given channel bandwidth, the number of available resource blocks on each channel 422 (also referred to as transmission bandwidth configuration 422) is indicated as follows: For example, for a 3MHz channel bandwidth in the example above, the number of available resource blocks on each channel 422 is determined by... Given. Note that the frequency components of a resource block (e.g., 12 subcarriers) are called a physical resource block (PRB).

[0101] Base stations can be based on and Figure 4 The frame configurations shown are similar or identical to those used to transmit radio frames (e.g., radio frame 410) or other physical layer signaling sequences that support PRS signals (i.e., downlink (DL) PRS), which can be measured and used for UE (e.g., any UE described herein) location estimation. Other types of wireless nodes in the wireless communication network (e.g., distributed antenna systems (DAS), remote radio heads (RRHs), UEs, APs, etc.) may also be configured to transmit to... Figure 4 The PRS signal is configured in a manner similar to (or the same as) the one described in the text.

[0102] The set of resource elements used to transmit PRS signals is called a "PRS resource". This set of resource elements can span multiple PRBs in the frequency domain and can span N (e.g., one or more) consecutive symbols within time slot 414 in the time domain. For example, a resource element with crosshairs in time slot 414 could be an example of two PRS resources. A "PRS resource set" is a set of PRS resources used to transmit PRS signals, where each PRS resource has a PRS resource identifier (ID). Furthermore, PRS resources in a PRS resource set are associated with the same Transmitter Receiver Point (TRP). The PRS resource ID in the PRS resource set is associated with a single beam transmitted from a single TRP (where a TRP can transmit one or more beams). Note that this does not imply whether the TRP and beam transmitting the signal are known to the UE.

[0103] PRS can be transmitted in specific positioning subframes grouped into positioning times. A PRS time is an instance of a periodically repeating time window (e.g., a coherent time slot) in which PRS is expected to be transmitted. Each periodically repeating time window may include a group of one or more coherent PRS times. Each PRS time may include a number N. PRS A series of consecutive positioning subframes. The timing of PRS positioning for cells supported by the base station can be based on intervals (determined by the number T). PRS (Used to be indicated by milliseconds or subframes) occurs periodically. As an example, Figure 4 The periodicity of positioning timing was explained, where N PRS It equals 4 (418), and T PRS Greater than or equal to 20 (420). In some respects, T PRS It can be measured in terms of the number of subframes between the start of each consecutive positioning timing. Multiple PRS timings can be associated with the same PRS resource configuration, in which case each such timing is referred to as a "PRS resource timing", etc.

[0104] PRS can be transmitted at constant power. PRS can also be transmitted at zero power (i.e., silenced). Silencing periodically scheduled PRS transmissions can be useful when PRS signals from different cells overlap by occurring at the same or nearly the same time. In this case, PRS signals from some cells can be silenced, while PRS signals from other cells are transmitted (e.g., at constant power). Silencing can assist the UE in signal acquisition of unsilenced PRS signals and in Time of Arrival (TOA) and Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) measurements (by avoiding interference from silenced PRS signals). Silencing can be considered as not transmitting PRS for a given positioning time for a specific cell. A bit string can be used to signal the UE (e.g., using the LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) a silence mode (also known as a silence sequence). For example, in the bit string signaled to indicate the silence mode, if the bit at position j is set to '0', the UE can infer that PRS is silenced for the j-th positioning time.

[0105] To further improve the audibility of the PRS, the positioning subframe can be a low-interference subframe transmitted in the absence of a user data channel. As a result, in an ideally synchronized network, the PRS may be interfered with by PRSs from other cells with the same PRS pattern index (i.e., the same frequency shift), but not by interference from data transmission. The frequency shift can be defined as the PRS ID (identified as ) for the cell or other transport point (TP). The function or, in the absence of a PRS ID, the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) (identified as...) The function of ) results in an effective frequency reuse factor of six (6).

[0106] Similarly, to improve the audibility of the PRS (e.g., when the PRS bandwidth is limited to, for example, only 6 resource blocks corresponding to a 1.4 MHz bandwidth), the frequency band for coherent PRS positioning moments (or coherent PRS subframes) can be changed via frequency hopping in a known and predictable manner. Furthermore, the base station-supported cells can support more than one PRS configuration, where each PRS configuration may include a unique frequency shift (vshift), a unique carrier frequency, a unique bandwidth, a unique code sequence, and / or a specific number of subframes per positioning moment (N). PRS ) and specific periodicity (T) PRS The unique PRS positioning timing sequence. In some implementations, one or more PRS configurations supported in a cell can be used for directional PRS and may subsequently have additional unique properties (such as unique transmission direction, unique horizontal angle range and / or unique vertical angle range).

[0107] The UE is signaled with the PRS configuration as described above, including PRS transmission / silent scheduling, to enable the UE to perform PRS location measurements. Blindly performing detection of the PRS configuration by the UE is not expected.

[0108] Note that the terms “location reference signal” and “PRS” can sometimes refer to a specific reference signal used for positioning in an LTE / NR system. However, as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, the terms “location reference signal” and “PRS” refer to any type of reference signal intended for positioning. Downlink (DL) or sidelink (SL) signals whose primary purpose is not related to positioning (such as control or communication) are referred to herein as non-location reference signals (non-PRS). Examples of non-PRS include, but are not limited to, PHY channels such as SSB, TRS, CSI-RS, PDSCH, DM-RS, PDCCH, PSSCH, and PSCCH. As discussed herein, non-PRS signals that are typically transmitted for purposes unrelated to positioning can also be used by the UE for positioning purposes (e.g., in hybrid positioning measurements). Similar to the DL PRS transmitted by the base station discussed above, the UE can transmit UL PRS for positioning and UL or SL non-PRS that can be used for positioning. UL PRS can be, for example, a probe reference signal (SRS) for positioning.

[0109] Using received DL PRS or non-PRS from the base station or SL signaling from other UEs, and / or UL PRS or non-PRS transmitted to the base station or SL transmitted to other UEs, the UE can perform various positioning measurements, such as Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) measurement for Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) positioning technology, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) measurement for TDOA, Departure Angle and Round Trip Time (RTT) or Multi-Cell RTT (Multi-RTT) positioning technology, and Time Difference between Signal Reception and Transmission (RX-Tx) for Multi-RTT positioning technology, etc.

[0110] Various positioning technologies rely on DL, UL, or SL PRS, but they can also use DL, UL, or SL non-PRS. For example, positioning technologies using reference signals include downlink-based positioning, uplink-based positioning, and positioning based on a combination of downlink and uplink. For example, downlink-based positioning includes methods such as DL-TDOA and DL-AOD. Uplink-based positioning includes methods such as UL-TDOA and UL-AOA. Downlink and uplink-based positioning includes methods such as RTT (multiple RTT) with one or more neighboring base stations. Other positioning methods exist, including those that do not rely on PRS. For example, Enhanced Cell ID (E-CID) is based on Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements.

[0111] Currently, positioning assistance data for PRS beams includes the azimuth and elevation angles of each DL-PRS resource (beam), but does not provide any beamwidth information. Knowledge of the PRS beamwidth (along with some other beam pattern information, such as sidelobe or backlobe information) can be used to assist in receiving DL PRS beams and can be used to adapt the UE Rx antenna for power saving purposes. For example, if the PRS beam is a wide-angle beam, a UE receiver with a single antenna is highly likely to achieve high-quality positioning measurements. Accordingly, the UE can configure its receiver with a single Rx antenna (or reduce the number of Rx antennas) to save power.

[0112] Figure 5The description describes a UE 500 (which could be an example of UE 104) capable of receiving auxiliary data including PRS beamwidth information and adapting an Rx antenna based on that beamwidth information. UE 500 includes a computing platform containing at least one processor 510, a memory 511 containing software (SW) 512, one or more sensors 513, a transceiver interface 514 for a transceiver 515, a user interface 516, a satellite positioning system (SPS) receiver 517, a camera 518, and a positioning engine (PE) 519. At least one processor 510, memory 511, sensors 513, transceiver interface 514, user interface 516, SPS receiver 517, camera 518, and positioning engine 519 can be communicatively coupled to each other via a bus 520 (which can be configured, for example, for optical and / or electrical communication). One or more of the devices shown (e.g., camera 518, SPS receiver 517, and / or one or more sensors 513, etc.) can be omitted from UE 500. At least one processor 510 may include one or more smart hardware devices, such as a central processing unit (CPU), microcontroller, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc. At least one processor 510 may include multiple processors, including an application processor 530, a digital signal processor (DSP) 531, a modem processor 532, a video processor 533, and / or a sensor processor 534. At least one processor 510 may further include a positioning engine 519, or the positioning engine 519 may be considered separate from at least one processor 510. One or more of the processors 530-534 may include multiple devices (e.g., multiple processors). For example, sensor processor 534 may include processors for radar, ultrasonic, and / or lidar, etc. Modem processor 532 may support dual SIM / dual connectivity (or even more SIMs). For example, one SIM (Subscriber Identity Module or Subscriber Identification Module) may be used by the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM), and another SIM may be used by the end user of the UE 500 to obtain connectivity. Memory 511 is a non-transient storage medium, which may include random access memory (RAM), flash memory, disk storage, and / or read-only memory (ROM), etc. Memory 511 stores software 512, which may be processor-readable, processor-executable software code containing instructions configured to, when executed, cause at least one processor 510 to operate as a dedicated computer programmed to perform the various functions described herein. Alternatively, software 512 may not be directly executable by at least one processor 510, but may be configured (e.g., when compiled and executed) to cause at least one processor 510 to operate as a dedicated computer for performing the various functions described herein.This description may refer only to at least one processor 510 performing a function, but this includes other implementations, such as at least one processor 510 performing software and / or firmware implementations. This description may refer to at least one processor 510 performing a function as a shorthand for one or more of processors 530-234 performing that function. This description may refer to UE 500 performing a function as a shorthand for one or more appropriate components of UE 500 performing that function. At least one processor 510 may include memory with stored instructions as a supplement and / or alternative to memory 511. The functionality of at least one processor 510 is discussed more fully below.

[0113] Figure 5 The configuration of UE 500 shown is exemplary and not intended to limit the invention (including the claims), and other configurations may be used. For example, an exemplary configuration of the UE includes one or more of processors 530-534 in at least processor 510, memory 511, and wireless transceiver 540. Other exemplary configurations include one or more of processors 530-534 in at least processor 510, memory 511, wireless transceiver 540, and one or more of the following: (a) sensors 513, user interface 516, SPS receiver 517, camera 518, PE 519, and / or wired transceiver 550.

[0114] UE 500 may include a modem processor 532, which may be capable of performing baseband processing on signals received and downconverted by transceiver 515 and / or SPS receiver 517. Modem processor 532 may also perform baseband processing on signals to be upconverted for transmission by transceiver 515. Alternatively or alternatively, baseband processing may be performed by processor 530 and / or DSP 531. However, other configurations may be used to perform baseband processing.

[0115] UE 500 may include sensors 513, which may include one or more of various types of sensors, such as one or more inertial sensors, one or more barometric pressure sensors, one or more magnetometers, one or more environmental sensors, one or more optical sensors, one or more weight sensors, and / or one or more radio frequency (RF) sensors. An inertial measurement unit (IMU) may include, for example, one or more accelerometers (e.g., collectively responding to acceleration of UE 500 in three dimensions) and / or one or more gyroscopes capable of detecting motion, including rotation of UE 500. Sensors 513 may include one or more magnetometers for determining orientation (e.g., relative to magnetic north and / or true north) that can be used for any of a variety of purposes (e.g., to support one or more compass applications). Environmental sensors may include, for example, one or more temperature sensors, one or more barometric pressure sensors, one or more ambient light sensors, one or more camera imagers, and / or one or more microphones. Sensors 513 can generate analog and / or digital signals, and indications of these signals can be stored in memory 511 and processed by DSP 531 and / or processor 530 to support one or more applications (such as, for example, applications involving positioning and / or navigation operations).

[0116] The sensors 513 can be used for relative position measurement, relative position determination, motion determination, etc. Information detected by the sensors 513 can be used for motion detection, relative displacement, dead reckoning, sensor-based position determination, and / or sensor-assisted position determination. The sensors 513 can be used to determine whether the UE 500 is stationary or moving (including rotation) and / or whether to report certain useful information about the UE 500's mobility to the location server 172. For example, based on information obtained / measured by the sensors, the UE 500 can notify / report to the location server 172 that the UE 500 has detected movement or that the UE 500 has moved, and report relative displacement / distance (e.g., via dead reckoning implemented by the sensors 513, or sensor-based position determination, or sensor-assisted position determination). In another example, for relative positioning information, the sensors / IMU can be used to determine the angle and / or orientation of another device relative to the UE 500, etc.

[0117] The IMU can be configured to provide measurements of the direction and / or velocity of motion of the UE 500, which can be used for relative position determination. For example, one or more accelerometers and / or one or more gyroscopes of the IMU can detect the linear acceleration and rotational velocity of the UE 500, respectively. The linear acceleration and rotational velocity measurements of the UE 500 can be integrated over time to determine the instantaneous direction of motion and displacement of the UE 500. The instantaneous direction of motion and displacement can be integrated to track the position of the UE 500. For example, a reference position of the UE 500 at a given moment can be determined, for example, using an SPS receiver 517 (and / or by some other means), and measurements acquired from the accelerometers and gyroscopes after that moment can be used for dead reckoning to determine the current position of the UE 500 based on its movement (direction and distance) relative to that reference position.

[0118] (Various) magnetometers can determine the strength of magnetic fields in different directions, which can be used to determine the orientation of the UE 500. For example, this orientation can be used to provide a digital compass for the UE 500. The magnetometer can be a two-dimensional magnetometer configured to detect and provide an indication of the magnetic field strength in two orthogonal dimensions. Alternatively, the magnetometer can be a three-dimensional magnetometer configured to detect and provide an indication of the magnetic field strength in three orthogonal dimensions. The magnetometer can provide means for sensing magnetic fields and, for example, providing an indication of the magnetic field to at least one processor 510.

[0119] (A) Barometric pressure sensors can determine barometric pressure, which can be used to determine the elevation or current floor level of the UE 500 in a building. For example, differential pressure readings can be used to detect when the UE 500 has changed floor level and the number of floors changed. (A) Barometric pressure sensors can provide means for sensing barometric pressure and, for example, providing an indication of barometric pressure to at least one processor 510.

[0120] Transceiver 515 may include a wireless transceiver 540 and a wired transceiver 550 configured to communicate with other devices via wireless and wired connections, respectively. For example, wireless transceiver 540 may include a transmitter 542 and a receiver 544 coupled to one or more antennas 546 for transmitting and / or receiving wireless signals 548 (e.g., on one or more uplink channels and / or one or more sidelink channels) and converting signals from wireless signals 548 to wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals and from wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals to wireless signals 548. Thus, transmitter 542 may include multiple transmitters that may be discrete components or combined / integrated components, and / or receiver 544 may include multiple receivers that may be discrete components or combined / integrated components. The wireless transceiver 540 can be configured to transmit signals according to various radio access technologies (RATs) (e.g., with TRP and / or one or more other devices), such as 5G New Radio (NR), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), AMPS (Advanced Mobile Telephone Systems), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), WCDMA (Wideband CDMA), LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE Direct (LTE-D), 6GPP LTE-V2X (PC5), IEEE 802.11 (including IEEE 802.11p), WiFi, and WiFi Direct (WiFi-D). Zigbee, etc. The new radio can use millimeter-wave frequencies and / or sub-6 GHz frequencies. Wired transceiver 550 may include a transmitter 552 and a receiver 554 configured for wired communication (e.g., with network 135). Transmitter 552 may include multiple transmitters, which may be discrete components or combined / integrated components, and / or receiver 554 may include multiple receivers, which may be discrete components or combined / integrated components. Wired transceiver 550 may be configured for, for example, optical and / or electrical communication. Transceiver 515 may be communicatively coupled to transceiver interface 514 (e.g., via optical and / or electrical connections). Transceiver interface 514 may be at least partially integrated with transceiver 515.

[0121] Antenna 546 may include an antenna array capable of receiving beamforming, for example, by increasing the gain setting of the antenna array in a particular direction and / or adjusting the phase setting of the antenna array, to amplify the RF signal received from that direction (e.g., increase its gain level). Antenna 546 may further include a plurality of antenna panels, each capable of beamforming. Antenna 546 can be adapted (e.g., selecting one or more antennas) for controlling the received beam from the base station. For example, a reduced number of beams or a single beam can be selected to receive a wide-angle beam to, for example, reduce power consumption, while an increased number of antennas in the antenna array can be selected when the transmit beam is relatively narrow.

[0122] User interface 516 may include one or more of a number of devices, such as, for example, a speaker, a microphone, a display device, a vibration device, a keyboard, a touchscreen, etc. User interface 516 may include any device that includes more than one of these devices. User interface 516 may be configured to enable a user to interact with one or more applications stored in the main memory of UE 500. For example, user interface 516 may store indications of analog and / or digital signals in memory 511 for processing by DSP 531 and / or processor 530 in response to actions from the user. Similarly, applications stored in the main memory of UE 500 may store indications of analog and / or digital signals in memory 511 to present output signals to the user. User interface 516 may include audio input / output (I / O) devices, including, for example, speakers, microphones, digital-to-analog circuitry systems, analog-to-digital circuitry systems, amplifiers, and / or gain control circuitry systems (any device including more than one of these devices). Other configurations of the audio I / O devices may be used. Alternatively or concurrently, the user interface 516 may include one or more touch sensors that respond to touch and / or pressure on, for example, the keyboard and / or touchscreen of the user interface 516.

[0123] SPS receiver 517 (e.g., a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver) can receive and acquire SPS signal 562 via SPS antenna 560. Antenna 562 is configured to convert the wireless signal 560 into a wired signal (e.g., an electrical signal or an optical signal) and can be integrated with antenna 546. SPS receiver 517 can be configured to process the acquired SPS signal 560 fully or partially to estimate the location of UE 500. For example, SPS receiver 517 can be configured to determine the location of UE 500 by using trilateration with SPS signal 560. SPS receiver 517 can be combined with processor 530, memory 511, DSP 531, PE 519 and / or one or more additional dedicated processors (not shown) to process the acquired SPS signal fully or partially and / or calculate the estimated location of UE 500. Memory 511 may store indications (e.g., measurements) of SPS signal 560 and / or other signals (e.g., signals acquired from wireless transceiver 540) for use during positioning operations. General-purpose processor 530, DSP 531, PE 519 and / or one or more additional dedicated processors, and / or memory 511 may provide or support a location engine for processing measurements to estimate the location of UE 500.

[0124] UE 500 may include a camera 518 for capturing still or moving images. Camera 518 may include, for example, an imaging sensor (e.g., a charge-coupled device or a CMOS imager), lenses, analog-to-digital circuitry, frame buffers, etc. Additional processing, conditioning, encoding, and / or compression of the signals representing the captured images may be performed by a general-purpose processor 530 and / or a DSP 531. Alternatively or additionally, a video processor 533 may perform conditioning, encoding, compression, and / or manipulation of the signals representing the captured images. The video processor 533 may decode / decompress stored image data for presentation on a display device (not shown), for example, a user interface 516.

[0125] The positioning engine (PE) 519 may be configured to determine the location of the UE 500, the motion of the UE 500, and / or the relative location of the UE 500, and / or the time. For example, the PE 519 may communicate with, and / or include, some or all of the SPS receiver 517 and the radio transceiver 540. The PE 519 may appropriately cooperate with at least one processor 510 and memory 511 to perform at least a portion of one or more positioning methods, although the description herein may only refer to the PE 519 being configured to perform or be performed according to the positioning methods. The PE 519 may additionally or alternatively be configured to use ground-based signals (e.g., at least some signals 548) for trilateration, assisted acquisition and use of SPS signals 560, or both, to determine the location of the UE 500. PE 519 may be configured to determine the position of UE 500 using one or more other technologies (e.g., those relying on the UE's self-reported position (e.g., part of the UE's positioning beacon)), and may use a combination of technologies (e.g., SPS and terrestrial positioning signals) to determine the position of UE 500. PE 519 may include one or more sensors 513 (e.g., gyroscopes, accelerometers, magnetometers, etc.) that sense the orientation and / or motion of UE 500 and provide indication of such orientation and / or motion. At least one processor 510 (e.g., processor 530 and / or DSP 531) may be configured to use such indication to determine the motion of UE 500 (e.g., velocity vector and / or acceleration vector). PE 519 may be configured to provide an indication of the uncertainty and / or error of the determined positioning and / or motion.

[0126] Memory 511 may store software 512 containing executable program code or software instructions that, when executed by at least one processor 510, enable that at least one processor 510 to operate as a dedicated computer programmed to perform the functions disclosed herein. As explained, memory 511 may include one or more components or modules that may be implemented by at least one processor 510 to perform the disclosed functions. Although each component or module is explained as software 512 in memory 511 executable by at least one processor 510, it should be understood that each component or module may be stored in another computer-readable medium or may be dedicated hardware in or outside of at least one processor 510. Several software modules and data tables may reside in memory 511 and be utilized by at least one processor 510 to manage both the communications and functionality described herein. It should be appreciated that the organization of the contents of memory 511 as shown is merely exemplary, and thus, the functionality of the modules and / or data structures may be combined, separated, and / or constructed in different ways depending on the implementation.

[0127] For example, memory 511 may include a positioning session module 572, which, when implemented by one or more processors 510, configures the one or more processors 510 to participate in a positioning session for the UE. For example, the one or more processors 510 may be configured to participate in the positioning session by providing positioning capabilities to a location server via transceiver 515. The one or more processors 510 may be configured to receive positioning assistance data from a location server and / or serving base station via transceiver 515 (such as radio transceiver 540). The one or more processors 510 may be configured to receive PRS beams and perform positioning measurements (e.g., using transceiver 515). The one or more processors 510 may be further configured to use the positioning measurements and base station location information received in the assistance data to estimate a location estimate in UE-based positioning, or to provide measurement information reports to network nodes (such as location servers) via transceiver 515 for UE-assisted positioning.

[0128] Memory 511 may include, for example, an Rx antenna selection module 574, which, when implemented by one or more processors 510, configures the processors 510 to compare beamwidth information received in auxiliary data with one or more thresholds. For example, one or more of beamwidth, line-of-sight uncertainty, beamwidth uncertainty, sidelobe and / or backlobe power level or angle may be compared with corresponding thresholds. If the beamwidth information of the PRS beam is greater than a threshold, the one or more processors 510 may be configured to select a reduced number of Rx antennas to receive the PRS beam. In cases where multiple antenna panels are used by the UE for, for example, transmitting a PRS beam in a millimeter-wave band, the one or more processors 510 may be configured to select a reduced number of antenna panels at least in part based on beamwidth information (such as when one or more of the line-of-sight uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty are less than a threshold). Other factors (such as UE motion or rotation determined from sensor 513) may be used to determine whether to select a reduced number of antenna panels.

[0129] Figure 6 An example of a TRP 600 (which is an example of one of BS 102, 180) is shown, capable of providing a UE with PRS beamwidth information that can be included in positioning assistance data. The TRP 600 includes a computing platform containing at least one processor 610, a memory 611 including software (SW) 612, and a transceiver 615. The at least one processor 610, memory 611, and transceiver 615 can be communicatively coupled to each other via a bus 620 (which can be configured for, for example, optical communication and / or electrical communication). One or more of the illustrated devices (e.g., a wireless interface) may be omitted from the TRP 600. The at least one processor 610 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices, such as a central processing unit (CPU), microcontroller, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc. The at least one processor 610 may include multiple processors (e.g., including similar...) Figure 5(The application processor, DSP, modem processor, video processor, and / or sensor processor shown herein). Memory 611 is a non-transient storage medium, which may include random access memory (RAM), flash memory, disk storage, and / or read-only memory (ROM), etc. Memory 611 stores software 612, which may be processor-readable, processor-executable software code containing instructions configured to, when executed, cause at least one processor 610 to operate as a dedicated computer programmed to perform the various functions described herein. Alternatively, software 612 may not be directly executable by at least one processor 610, but may be configured (e.g., when compiled and executed) to cause at least one processor 610 to operate as a dedicated computer for performing the various functions described herein. This description may refer only to at least one processor 610 performing functions, but this includes other implementations, such as at least one processor 610 performing software and / or firmware implementations. This description may refer to at least one processor 610 performing functions as a shorthand for one or more processors included in at least one processor 610 performing that function. This description may refer to the TRP 600 execution function as a shorthand for the TRP 600 (and thus one of BS102, 180) performing this function. At least one processor 610 may include memory with stored instructions as a supplement and / or replacement for memory 611. The functionality of at least one processor 610 is discussed more fully below.

[0130] Transceiver 615 may include a wireless transceiver 640 and a wired transceiver 650 configured to communicate with other devices via wireless and wired connections, respectively. For example, wireless transceiver 640 may include a transmitter 642 and a receiver 644 coupled to one or more antennas 646 for transmitting and / or receiving wireless signals 648 (e.g., on one or more uplink channels and / or one or more downlink channels) and converting signals from wireless signals 648 to wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals and from wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals to wireless signals 648. Antenna 646 is one or more antenna arrays capable of beamforming and transmitting beams (including PRS beams) in a specific direction with a beamwidth. Transmitter 642 may include multiple transmitters, which may be discrete components or combined / integrated components, and / or receiver 644 may include multiple receivers, which may be discrete components or combined / integrated components. The wireless transceiver 640 can be configured to support various radio access technologies (RATs) such as 5G New Radio (NR), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), AMPS (Advanced Mobile Telephone System), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), WCDMA (Wideband CDMA), LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE Direct (LTE-D), 6GPP LTE-V2X (PC5), IEEE 802.11 (including IEEE 802.11p), WiFi, and WiFi Direct (WiFi-D). The wired transceiver 650 may include a transmitter 652 and a receiver 654 configured to conduct wired communication (e.g., with network 135) to send and receive communications, for example, to server 172 and from location server 172. The transmitter 652 may include multiple transmitters, which may be discrete components or combined / integrated components, and / or the receiver 654 may include multiple receivers, which may be discrete components or combined / integrated components. The wired transceiver 650 may be configured for, for example, optical and / or electrical communication.

[0131] Figure 6 The configuration of TRP 600 shown is illustrative and not intended to limit the invention (including the claims), and other configurations may be used. For example, the description herein discusses TRP 600 being configured to perform or TRP 600 performing several functions, but one or more of these functions may be performed by location server 172 and / or UE 500 (i.e., location server 172 and / or UE 500 may be configured to perform one or more of these functions).

[0132] Memory 611 may store software 612 containing executable program code or software instructions that, when executed by at least one processor 610, enable that at least one processor 610 to operate as a dedicated computer programmed to perform the functions disclosed herein. As explained, memory 611 may include one or more components or modules that may be implemented by at least one processor 610 to perform the disclosed functions. Although each component or module is explained as software 612 in memory 611 executable by at least one processor 610, it should be understood that each component or module may be stored in another computer-readable medium or may be dedicated hardware in or outside of at least one processor 610. Several software modules and data tables may reside in memory 611 and be utilized by at least one processor 610 to manage both the communications and functionality described herein. It should be appreciated that the organization of the contents of memory 611 as shown is merely exemplary, and thus, the functionality of the modules and / or data structures may be combined, separated, and / or constructed in different ways depending on the implementation.

[0133] For example, memory 611 may include a positioning session module 672, which, when implemented by at least one processor 610, configures the at least one processor 610 to participate in a positioning session for the UE. For example, one or more processors 610 may be configured to provide PRS beam configuration information, including beamwidth information, to a location server via transceiver 615, and to transmit PRS beams according to the PRS beam configuration. One or more processors 610 may be further configured to receive and transmit one or more messages between the UE and the location server according to LPP, including requesting capability; providing capability; requesting priority; providing priority; requesting auxiliary data; providing auxiliary data; requesting location information; providing location information; aborting; and errors.

[0134] Figure 7 A server 700 (an example of a location server 172 such as LMF 270) is shown, capable of providing auxiliary data including PRS beamwidth information to a UE. The server 700 includes a computing platform containing at least one processor 710, a memory 711 including software (SW) 712, and a transceiver 715. The at least one processor 710, memory 711, and transceiver 715 are communicatively coupled to each other via a bus 720 (which can be configured for, for example, optical and / or electrical communication). One or more of the illustrated devices (e.g., a wireless interface) may be omitted from the server 700. The at least one processor 710 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices, such as a central processing unit (CPU), microcontroller, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc. The at least one processor 710 may include multiple processors (e.g., including similar...). Figure 5 (At least one of the application processor, DSP, modem processor, video processor, and / or sensor processor shown herein). Memory 711 is a non-transient storage medium, which may include random access memory (RAM), flash memory, disk storage, and / or read-only memory (ROM), etc. Memory 711 stores software 712, which may be processor-readable, processor-executable software code containing instructions configured to cause at least one processor 710 to operate as a dedicated computer programmed to perform the various functions described herein when executed. Alternatively, software 712 may not be directly executable by at least one processor 710, but may be configured (e.g., when compiled and executed) to cause at least one processor 710 to operate as a dedicated computer for performing the various functions described herein. This description may refer only to at least one processor 710 performing functions, but this includes other implementations, such as at least one processor 710 performing software and / or firmware implementations. This description may refer to at least one processor 710 performing functions as a shorthand for one or more of the processors included in at least one processor 710 performing the function. This description may refer to the server 700 performing functions as a shorthand for one or more appropriate components of the server 700 performing those functions. At least one processor 710 may include memory with stored instructions as a supplement to and / or replacement of memory 711. The functionality of at least one processor 710 is discussed more fully below.

[0135] Transceiver 715 may include a wireless transceiver 740 and a wired transceiver 750 configured to communicate with other devices via wireless and wired connections, respectively. For example, wireless transceiver 740 may include a transmitter 742 and a receiver 744 coupled to one or more antennas 746 for transmitting (e.g., on one or more downlink channels) and / or receiving (e.g., on one or more uplink channels) wireless signals 748 and converting signals from wireless signals 748 to wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals and from wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals to wireless signals 748. Thus, transmitter 742 may include multiple transmitters that may be discrete components or combined / integrated components, and / or receiver 744 may include multiple receivers that may be discrete components or combined / integrated components. The wireless transceiver 740 can be configured to support various radio access technologies (RATs) such as 5G New Radio (NR), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), AMPS (Advanced Mobile Telephone System), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), WCDMA (Wideband CDMA), LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE Direct (LTE-D), 6GPP LTE-V2X (PC5), IEEE 802.11 (including IEEE 802.11p), WiFi, and WiFi Direct (WiFi-D). The wired transceiver 750 may include a transmitter 752 and a receiver 754 configured to conduct wired communication (e.g., with network 135) to send and receive communications to, for example, TRP 600. The transmitter 752 may include multiple transmitters, which may be discrete components or combined / integrated components, and / or the receiver 754 may include multiple receivers, which may be discrete components or combined / integrated components. The wired transceiver 750 may be configured for, for example, optical and / or electrical communication.

[0136] Figure 7 The configuration of server 700 shown is exemplary and not intended to limit the invention (including the claims), and other configurations may be used. For example, wireless transceiver 740 may be omitted. Additionally or alternatively, the description herein discusses server 700 being configured to perform several functions or server 700 performing several functions, but one or more of these functions may be performed by TRP 600 and / or UE 500 (i.e., TRP 600 and / or UE 500 may be configured to perform one or more of these functions).

[0137] Memory 711 may store software 712 containing executable program code or software instructions that, when executed by at least one processor 710, enable that at least one processor 710 to operate as a dedicated computer programmed to perform the functions disclosed herein. As explained, memory 711 may include one or more components or modules that may be implemented by at least one processor 710 to perform the disclosed functions. Although each component or module is explained as software 712 in memory 711 executable by at least one processor 710, it should be understood that each component or module may be stored in another computer-readable medium or may be dedicated hardware in or outside of at least one processor 710. Several software modules and data tables may reside in memory 711 and be utilized by at least one processor 710 to manage both the communications and functionality described herein. It should be appreciated that the organization of the contents of memory 711 as shown is merely exemplary, and thus, the functionality of the modules and / or data structures may be combined, separated, and / or constructed in different ways depending on the implementation.

[0138] For example, memory 711 may include a positioning session module 772, which, when implemented by at least one processor 710, configures the at least one processor 710 to participate in a positioning session for the UE. For example, one or more processors 710 may be configured to receive PRS beam configuration information, including beamwidth information from a base station, and generate auxiliary data for positioning the UE, including the PRS beam configuration information with beamwidth information. One or more processors 610 may be further configured to receive and transmit one or more messages from and to the UE according to LPP, including requesting capability; providing capability; requesting priority; providing priority; requesting auxiliary data; providing auxiliary data; requesting location information; providing location information; aborting; and errors.

[0139] Base station 102 can transmit DL PRS resources in a beam-sweeping manner. Base station 102 (such as a gNB in ​​a 5G NR RAT) can use beamforming to focus RF signals in a specific direction and change the directivity of the RF signals by controlling the phase and relative amplitude of the RF signals transmitted by multiple antennas in the antenna array. By using beamforming and changing the direction of the RF signals, DL PRS resources can be transmitted in different directions.

[0140] As an example, Figure 8An environment 800 is described, including base station 102 transmitting DL-PRS resources as several directional beams (referred to herein as PRS beams). Each separate PRS beam is generated using several separate antennas supplied with RF current from a transmitter in the correct phase relationship, such that radio waves from the separate antennas are added together in the desired direction to increase radiation, and canceled out in the undesired direction to suppress radiation, thereby generating a PRS beam. PRS beams can be generated in different directions (e.g., by changing the azimuth and elevation angles) without physically moving the antenna panel of base station 102. For example, Figure 8 The explanation explained that they have different azimuth angles (f i ) and / or elevation angle (q) i The base station 102 generates several separate PRS beams 802, 804, 806, and 808, where i = 1 to N. Each PRS beam represents a PRS resource, which can be labeled as DL-PRS resource ID#i. The set of PRS resources generated by the base station 102 is called the PRS resource set. The width of the PRS beam can be reduced by increasing the number of individual antennas in the antenna panel of the base station 102 used to generate the PRS beams.

[0141] For reference only, Figure 9 The directivity of a single PRS beam 900 in the X, Y, Z coordinate system is explained. The origin in the coordinate system represents the location of the antenna reference point of base station 102. As explained, the PRS beam 900 includes a line-of-sight 902, which is the axis of maximum gain or maximum radiated power of the antenna array. The PRS beam 900 includes a main lobe 908 (i.e., the lobe coinciding with the line-of-sight 902) and one or more side lobes 910 and a back lobe 912. The projection 904 of the line-of-sight 902 into the horizontal plane (i.e., the XY plane) has an azimuth angle f relative to a reference direction (e.g., explained as the X-axis, which may be north). Additionally, the line-of-sight 902 has an elevation angle q relative to the horizontal plane (i.e., in a vertical plane 906 parallel to the Z-axis). The main lobe 908 has a beamwidth 914.

[0142] As an example, Figure 10The DL-AOD procedure 1000 executed by UE 104 is explained. Base station 102 (which may be a gNB) transmits PRS resources (explained as beams 1002, 1004, and 1006, labeled PRS#1, PRS#2, and PRS#3, respectively) in a beam-sweeping manner. UE 104 can use the beam-shaped receive beam 1012 to measure the RSRP of each PRS resource explained by PRS beams 1002, 1004, and 1006. The measured RSRP for each PRS beam 1002, 1004, and 1006 is explained as shown in corresponding figures 1003, 1005, and 1007, where the height of the bar is proportional to the RSRP for each corresponding PRS beam. As explained, the PRS beam 1006, which is most closely aligned with the line-of-sight (LOS) 1010 between base station 102 and UE 104, has the highest RSRP. PRS beams 1002 and 1004 (PRS#1 and PRS#2) are not aligned with LOS 1010, and therefore a relatively low RSRP is observed. Conversely, PRS beam 1006 (PRS#3) is closely aligned with LOS 1010, and a relatively high RSRP is observed.

[0143] In UE-assisted mode, UE 104 reports the measured RSRP to location server 172 (e.g., LMF 270) via the LPP protocol, whereby the corresponding AOD is estimated and UE 104's positioning calculation is performed. For example, based on the measured RSRP, the PRS resource most closely aligned with LOS 1010 to UE 104 can be determined. Location server 172 is aware of the directionality of each PRS source and can therefore determine the orientation of UE 104 relative to base station 102 based on the orientation of the PRS resource with the highest RSRP. Additionally, RSRP can be used to determine the range between UE 104 and base station 102. Thus, the orientation and distance relative to base station 102 can be determined, thereby providing an estimated location for UE 104.

[0144] In UE-based mode, UE 104 can use auxiliary data provided by location server 172, including TRP geographic location and PRS beam information (e.g., beam azimuth and elevation), to calculate the estimated location of UE 104.

[0145] For example, Figure 11 The diagram illustrates the analog beam patterns for PRS#1, PRS#2, and PRS#3 with respect to AOD relative to gain (dB), and explains the normalization of relative beam gain relative to the beam index at 30°. In some implementations, the RSRP measurement vector can be considered an "RF fingerprint," and AOD calculation can be performed using a pattern-matching approach. AOD can be determined based on the beam pattern and / or relative beam gain.

[0146] Location server 172 can provide auxiliary data to UE 104 to enable UE 104 to receive PRS beams from one or more base stations. For example, during UE-based positioning, location server 172 can provide NR-PositionCalculationAssistance (IE) information elements (IEs) as described in 3GPP 37.355 to provide auxiliary data to UE 104 for UE-based downlink positioning. The NR-PositionCalculationAssistance IE may include, for example, fields providing the location coordinates of the antenna reference point of the TRP (e.g., nr-trp-LocationInfo), fields providing the spatial orientation of the DL-PRS resources (e.g., PRS beams) for the TRP (e.g., nr-dl-prs-BeamInfo), and fields providing time synchronization information between the reference TRP and neighboring TRPs (e.g., nr-rtd-Info), which can be used for RTD measurements.

[0147] The use of UE-based downlink positioning has advantageously enabled new use cases, improved mobility scenarios, and enhanced the performance of existing use cases. For example, assuming the same feedback overhead, UE-based positioning can improve tail positioning error by approximately 30% compared to UE-assisted positioning. UE-based positioning further improves scalability and operational range, and provides low UL overhead and low latency. UE-based positioning has a lower impact on specifications and is equivalent to RAT-independent UE-based features. Currently, UE-based positioning is supported for DL-OTDOA and DL-AOD, but additional positioning methods (such as RTT, multi-RTT) can also be supported.

[0148] In addition to providing beam information in the auxiliary data for UE-based positioning, beam information can also be provided for UE-assisted positioning if needed.

[0149] Location server 172 can provide UE 104 with auxiliary data, including beam information, for UE-based or UE-assisted positioning. For example, Table 2 below illustrates the NR-DL-PRS-BeamInfo information element (IE) as provided in 3GPP TS 37.355.

[0150]

[0151]

[0152]

[0153] Table 2

[0154] As shown in Table 2, the NR-DL-PRS-BeamInfo IE includes azimuth and elevation information. For example, the dl-PRS-Azimuth field specifies the azimuth of the line-of-sight direction in which the DL-PRS resource associated with this DL-PRS resource ID is transmitted within the DL-PRS resource set. For the Global Coordinate System (GCS), the azimuth is measured counterclockwise from geographic north. For the Local Coordinate System (LCS), the azimuth is measured counterclockwise from the x-axis of the LCS. Similarly, the dl-PRS-Elevation field specifies the elevation of the line-of-sight direction in which the DL-PRS resource associated with this DL-PRS resource ID is transmitted within the DL-PRS resource set. For the Global Coordinate System (GCS), the elevation is measured relative to the zenith and in the positive horizontal direction (0 degrees elevation points to the zenith, 90 degrees to the horizon). For the Local Coordinate System (GCS), the elevation is measured relative to the z-axis of the LCS (0 degrees elevation points to the z-axis, 90 degrees to the xy-plane). The α, β, and γ fields are related to the azimuth, downtilt, and tilt angles, respectively, for the LCS-to-GCS transformation. Fields labeled "fine" are related to the granularity of the corresponding field.

[0155] However, the NR-DL-PRS-BeamInfo IE fails to provide any beamwidth information. Knowledge of the PRS beamwidth and other beam parameters (such as information about sidelobes or backlobes) can be used by UE 104 to receive the PRS beam and to adapt the receiving antenna for the PRS beam, for example, to improve power savings. For instance, if the PRS beam is a wide-angle beam, a single Rx antenna (or a reduced number of Rx antennas) is highly likely to achieve high-quality positioning measurements. For example, UE 104 can configure its receiver with a single Rx antenna (or a reduced number of Rx antennas) to save power.

[0156] Therefore, in one implementation, the auxiliary data provided to UE 104 may include more detailed beam information, which UE 104 may use to receive PRS beams and implement Rx antenna adaptation in UE 104 for, for example, power saving. UE 104 may, for example, receive PRS beamwidth information (such as DL-PRS-Beam-Info IE) about each PRS beam to be processed via auxiliary data from a network (e.g., location server 172). For example, UE 104 may receive a PRS configuration for receiving PRS beams, which may include azimuth and elevation information along with beamwidth information for each DL-PRS resource (PRS beam).

[0157] For example, the beamwidth information provided to UE 104 could be the beamwidth of each PRS beam (e.g., Figure 9 The beamwidth 914 of the main lobe 908 shown in the diagram. The beamwidth can be provided based on the power attenuation of the PRS beam (e.g., relative to the line-of-sight direction (e.g., the axis of maximum gain or maximum radiated power of the antenna array)). For example, the beamwidth can be provided as a 3dB, 6dB, or 12dB beamwidth. Additionally, the beamwidth can be provided with spatial dimensions (e.g., azimuth and elevation). Therefore, for the main lobe of the PRS beam, a first beamwidth can be provided in the azimuth direction, and a second beamwidth can be provided in the elevation direction.

[0158] Additionally or alternatively, the beamwidth information provided to UE 104 may include line-of-sight orientation uncertainty and / or beamwidth uncertainty. For example, line-of-sight orientation uncertainty may be... Figure 9 The angular uncertainty in the direction of the line-of-sight 902 shown. Beamwidth uncertainty can be provided based on the power attenuation of the PRS beam (e.g., relative to the line-of-sight direction (e.g., the axis of maximum gain or maximum radiated power of the antenna array)). For example, beamwidth uncertainty can be provided as ±0.5 dB, ±1 dB, or ±3 dB. Additionally, the line-of-sight direction uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty can be provided with spatial dimensions (e.g., in the form of azimuth and elevation angles).

[0159] The beamwidth information provided to UE 104 may further include information about one or more sidelobes associated with each PRS beam and optional backlobes (such as...). Figure 9 The beam information for the sidelobes 910 and backlobes 912 shown is illustrated. Beam information regarding the sidelobes and / or backlobes can be considered beamwidth information, as it can affect the reception of the PRS beam by the UE 104. As an example, beam information regarding the sidelobes and / or backlobes may be the power attenuation (e.g., -20 dB) of the sidelobes and / or backlobes relative to the line-of-sight direction of each PRS beam. The beam information may further include angular information regarding the sidelobes and / or backlobes relative to the line-of-sight direction. In some implementations, the beamwidth of the sidelobes or backlobes may be provided, similar to that of the main lobe as discussed above.

[0160] In one implementation, UE 104 can adapt the number of Rx antennas used to receive the PRS beam based on PRS beamwidth information. For example, each Rx antenna in UE 104 has its own receive beam pattern, which includes its beamwidth and the power level of the sidelobes / backlobes relative to the line of sight (e.g., similar to...). Figure 9The beam pattern of each Rx antenna indicates its ability to receive signals (e.g., the PRS beam) within certain angles (AOD). If the PRS beam is transmitted as a wide-angle beam, a single Rx antenna can be designed to cover reception of the wide-angle PRS beam and can be used for the wide-angle beam. In some implementations, when the PRS beam is transmitted as a wide-angle beam, instead of a single antenna, UE 104 can reduce the number of Rx antennas used to receive the PRS beam (e.g., from four Rx antennas to two Rx antennas). If the PRS beam is transmitted as a relatively narrow beam, UE 104 can optionally use multiple Rx antennas. For example, to cover reception of a narrow PRS beam, UE 104 may need to use multiple Rx antennas, and therefore the number of Rx antennas used can be increased (e.g., from a single Rx antenna or two Rx antennas to four Rx antennas).

[0161] While using a larger number of Rx antennas can enhance signal reception (e.g., more antennas allow UE 104 to generate wide-angle or narrow-angle Rx beams), UE 104 can choose to reduce the number of Rx antennas used to improve power consumption. By reducing the number of Rx antennas, less power is required for reception of the PRS beam, although reception performance may not be optimized by UE 104.

[0162] UE 104 can select the number of Rx antennas based on different types of PRS beamwidth information, such as the beamwidth of each PRS beam. For example, if the beamwidth is greater than a threshold, UE 104 can select a single Rx antenna (or reduce the number of Rx antennas) to save power. This threshold can be a static, predetermined threshold or a dynamic threshold based on various factors, such as the type of positioning method being used, the quality of signal parameters, etc. If the beamwidth is less than the threshold, UE 104 can select to increase the number of Rx antennas (e.g., all available Rx antennas) to produce a receive beam that can receive the narrow PRS beam with sufficient reference signal received quality (RSRQ) or signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR).

[0163] Additionally, UE 104 can select the number of Rx antennas based on PRS beamwidth information (such as line-of-sight uncertainty or beamwidth uncertainty) to, for example, optimize the trade-off between performance / latency and UE power savings. For instance, if the line-of-sight uncertainty or beamwidth uncertainty is large (e.g., greater than a threshold), UE 104 can reduce the number of Rx antennas used for reception, and conversely, if the line-of-sight uncertainty or beamwidth uncertainty is small (e.g., less than a threshold), UE 104 can increase the number of Rx antennas used for reception. This threshold can be a static, predetermined threshold or a dynamic threshold based on various factors (such as the type of positioning method being used, the quality of signal parameters, etc.).

[0164] In another example, UE 104 can select the number of Rx antennas based on PRS beamwidth information, such as the power level of the sidelobes. For example, when the sidelobes are powerful, the UE may be able to receive the PRS from the sidelobes with a single Rx antenna, even if the main lobe of the PRS beam and the received beam are not aligned. For some timing-based measurements (e.g., for Rx-Tx time difference measurements for RTT-based positioning or for RSTD measurements), the PRS beam captured from the sidelobes will still produce valid measurements, while PRS measurements using the sidelobes may not be suitable for directional measurements (such as AOD measurements). Therefore, if the sidelobe power attenuation is greater than a threshold, and UE 104 is performing timing-based positioning measurements (e.g., Rx-Tx time difference measurements for RTT-based positioning or RSTD measurements for TDOA-based positioning), UE 104 can choose to reduce the number of Rx antennas.

[0165] For example, Figure 12A and 12B The text explains how UE 104 receives relatively narrow and relatively wide PRS beams. For example, Figure 12A Similar to Figure 10The document explains that UE 104 receives relatively narrow PRS beams 1202, 1204, and 1206. For example, beamwidth information for PRS beams 1202, 1204, and 1206 provided to UE 104 in auxiliary data may indicate that the beamwidth of PRS beams 1202, 1204, and 1206 is less than a threshold. Alternatively, line-of-sight orientation uncertainty and / or beamwidth uncertainty may be less than the corresponding threshold. Alternatively, the power level of the sidelobes associated with PRS beams 1202, 1204, and 1206 may be less than a threshold (or UE 104 may be performing orientation-based positioning measurements, such as AOD measurements). In response to the received beamwidth information, UE 104 can select a relatively large number of antennas (e.g., all antennas) in the antenna array to generate multiple beamformed receive (Rx) beams 1212, 1214, and 1216. Using several antennas to generate beamformed Rx beams 1212, 1214, and 1216 provides sufficient RSRQ and / or SINR for narrow PRS beams 1202, 1204, and 1206. As explained, each received Rx beam measures the RSRP of each of the PRS beams 1202, 1204, and 1206 (as explained by the corresponding sets of RSRP figures 1213, 1215, and 1217), where each set contains three figures corresponding to the three PRS beams 1202, 1204, and 1206, with the height of the bars proportional to the RSRP for each corresponding PRS beam. As explained, Rx beam 1212 provides the maximum RSRP for PRS beam 1216, indicating that Rx beam 1212 and PRS beam 1216 are aligned with LOS 1210.

[0166] Figure 12B Similar to Figure 12AHowever, it is explained that UE 104 receives relatively wide PRS beams 1252, 1254, and 1256. For example, the beamwidth information of PRS beams 1202, 1204, and 1206 provided to UE 104 in the auxiliary data may indicate that the beamwidth of PRS beams 1202, 1204, and 1206 is greater than a threshold. Alternatively, the line-of-sight uncertainty and / or beamwidth uncertainty may be greater than the corresponding threshold. Alternatively, the power level of the sidelobes associated with PRS beams 1252, 1254, and 1256 may be greater than the threshold, and UE 104 may be performing timing-based positioning measurements (such as Rx-Tx time difference measurements for RTT-based positioning or RSTD measurements for TDOA-based positioning). In response to the received beamwidth information, UE 104 can select a relatively small number of antennas in the antenna array (e.g., a single antenna or a reduced set of antennas) to generate Rx beam 1262 (which may be an omnidirectional receiving beam or a reduced number of Rx wide beams). For example, UE 104 can choose to use a reduced number of antennas to generate Rx beam 1262 to reduce power consumption while still providing sufficient RSRQ and / or SINR for wide PRS beams 1252, 1254, and 1256. UE 104 can receive one or more of the PRS beams 1252, 1254, and 1256, and the UE can utilize one or more of these PRS beams to perform timing-based measurements (such as Rx-Tx time difference measurements for RTT-based positioning or RSTD measurements for TDOA-based positioning). Furthermore, if UE104 is performing direction-based positioning measurements, the received Rx beam 1262 can measure the RSRP of each of the wide PRS beams 1252, 1254, and 1256 (as illustrated by the corresponding set in RSRP diagram 1263), and these RSRPs can be used to determine the PRS beam most likely aligned with the LOS 1260 of UE 104.

[0167] For UE-based positioning, UE 104 can use positioning measurements along with base station location information received in auxiliary data, and can estimate the location of UE 104. For UE-assisted positioning, UE 104 can (e.g., in an LPP location information provision message) provide positioning measurements to location server 172, and location server 172 can estimate the location of UE 104.

[0168] For example, Figure 13Antenna adaptation 1300, which describes how UE 104 selects the number of receiving antennas based on beamwidth information about the PRS beam, is explained. As explained, UE 104 includes antenna array 1302, which can be adapted to use multiple antennas or a reduced number of antennas. For example, a single antenna or a reduced number of antennas can be selected by UE 104 (as indicated by selection 1310, where “x” indicates that the antenna is not used or is turned off). A single antenna or a reduced number of antennas can be selected when beamwidth information received in auxiliary data indicates that the PRS beam has a beamwidth greater than a threshold, or if the line-of-sight uncertainty or beamwidth uncertainty is greater than the corresponding threshold, or the sidelobe power level is greater than a threshold and the UE is performing timing-based positioning measurements. If the beamwidth information received in the auxiliary data indicates that the PRS beamwidth is less than a threshold, or the line-of-sight direction uncertainty or beamwidth uncertainty is less than the corresponding threshold, or the sidelobe power level is less than a threshold (or if it is greater than the threshold, the UE is performing a direction-based positioning measurement (such as an AOD measurement)), then an additional number of antennas (e.g., all antennas in antenna array 1302) may be selected (as indicated by selection 1312) to receive the PRS beam.

[0169] In some implementations, for example, when the PRS beam is transmitted in a millimeter-wave band (e.g., referred to as FR2), UE 104 can be adapted to the number of UE Rx antenna panels. For example, in FR2, UE 104 may include multiple antenna panels placed across UE 104, such that each antenna panel includes multiple antennas for beamforming the Rx beam. For example, a multi-panel design allows UE 104 to receive signals from base station 102 in all directions to maintain robust connectivity. UE 104 can disable one or more antenna panels to consume less power based on beamwidth information. For example, PRS beamwidth information (such as beamwidth, beamwidth uncertainty, line-of-sight direction, line-of-sight direction uncertainty, or power level of sidelobes or backlobes relative to the line of sight) can be used to select the number of antenna panels used for PRS beam reception. UE 104 can disable antenna panels that are unlikely to receive the PRS beam based on beamwidth information. For example, if the line-of-sight uncertainty or beamwidth uncertainty is large (e.g., greater than a corresponding threshold), UE 104 may require more Rx antenna panels for reception, or conversely, if the line-of-sight uncertainty or beamwidth uncertainty is small (e.g., less than a corresponding threshold), UE 104 may require fewer Rx antenna panels for reception. Another example is that in cases where the sidelobe power is strong (e.g., greater than a threshold), UE 104 may be able to capture the PRS within its sidelobe using a single Rx antenna panel, even if the Rx beam and PRS beam are not aligned. Additionally, UE 104 can use auxiliary information (such as from...) Figure 5 The motion or rotation information of sensor 513 shown is used to determine whether antenna panel downsampling should be triggered. For example, if UE 104 is moving or rotating (which can be detected by sensor 513), UE 104 can disable downsampling procedures and use all antenna panels.

[0170] For example, Figure 14 The antenna panel adapter 1400 describes how UE 104 selects the number of receiving antenna panels based on beamwidth information about the PRS beam. As explained, UE 104 includes several antenna arrays 1402A, 1402B, 1402C, and 1402D, each containing several antennas. Based on the beamwidth information, a single antenna panel or a reduced number of antenna panels can be selected by UE 104 (as indicated by selection 1410, where "x indicates that the antenna panel is not used or is turned off"). A reduced number of antenna panels can be selected when the beamwidth information received in the auxiliary data indicates that the PRS beam has a beamwidth greater than a threshold, or if the line-of-sight uncertainty or beamwidth uncertainty is greater than the corresponding threshold, or the sidelobe power level is greater than a threshold and the UE is performing timing-based positioning measurements. If the beamwidth information received in the auxiliary data indicates that the PRS beamwidth is less than a threshold, or the line-of-sight direction uncertainty or beamwidth uncertainty is less than the corresponding threshold, or the sidelobe power level is less than a threshold (or if it is greater than the threshold, the UE is performing a direction-based positioning measurement (such as an AOD measurement)), or if motion or rotation of the UE 104 is detected, an additional number of antenna panels (e.g., all antenna panels) may be selected (as indicated by selection 1412) to receive the PRS beamwidth.

[0171] Figure 15 This describes message flow 1500 between location server 172, base station 102, and UE 104, used to support the use of beamwidth information to locate the UE and select the Rx antenna based on the beamwidth information, as discussed herein. For example, location server 172 could be an LMF 270, and base station 102 could be a gNB. Although a single base station is described, it should be understood that multiple base stations can be used. It should be understood that messages related to supporting the use of beamwidth information to locate the UE and select the Rx antenna based on the beamwidth information are described, but additional messages (including regular LPP messages) can also be used in message flow 1500.

[0172] In phase 1, base station 102 may provide PRS configuration information to location server 172. The PRS configuration information may include information related to PRS resources (PRS beams), including the azimuth and elevation angles of each PRS beam and beamwidth information (such as beamwidth, line-of-sight direction uncertainty, beamwidth uncertainty, sidelobe and / or backlobe power level, sidelobe and / or backlobe power level, sidelobe and / or backlobe angle, or one or more combinations thereof).

[0173] In phase 2, location server 172 can generate auxiliary data for positioning of UE 104 based on the PRS configuration received from base station 102.

[0174] In phase 3, location server 172 may send auxiliary data to UE 104, for example, in an LPP auxiliary data message. The auxiliary data may include PRS configuration information, which includes the azimuth and elevation angles of each PRS beam and beamwidth information (such as beamwidth, line-of-sight direction uncertainty, beamwidth uncertainty, sidelobe and / or backlobe power levels, sidelobe and / or backlobe power levels, sidelobe and / or backlobe angles, or combinations thereof). For example, for UE-based positioning, the auxiliary data may further include, for example, the location coordinates of base station 102, and may include time synchronization information between base station 102 and neighboring base stations (not shown) for, for example, RTD measurement. For UE-assisted positioning, the auxiliary data does not need to include the location coordinates or time synchronization information of base station 102.

[0175] In phase 4, UE 104 can select the Rx antenna based on the PRS beamwidth information provided in the auxiliary data of phase 3. For example, if the beamwidth information indicates a relatively wide beam, UE 104 can select a reduced number of antennas or a reduced number of antenna panels in the antenna array, as discussed above. For example, if the beamwidth of the PRS beam is greater than a threshold, the line-of-sight uncertainty or beamwidth uncertainty is greater than the corresponding uncertainty, or the sidelobe and / or backlobe power level or uncertainty is greater than a threshold (and UE 104 is performing timing-based positioning measurements), then UE 104 can select a reduced number of antennas (e.g., one antenna) or a reduced number of antenna panels for receiving the PRS beam, unless UE 104 is detected to be moving or rotating. On the other hand, if the beamwidth of the PRS beam is less than a threshold, the line-of-sight direction uncertainty or beamwidth uncertainty is less than the corresponding uncertainty, or the sidelobe and / or backlobe power level or uncertainty is less than a threshold (or, if the sidelobe and / or backlobe power level or uncertainty is greater than a threshold, but UE 104 is performing direction-based positioning measurements), then UE 104 may choose to increase the number of antennas (e.g., all antennas) or antenna panels for receiving the PRS beam.

[0176] In phase 5, base station 102 transmits the same DL PRS beam as the PRS configuration information provided to location server 172 in phase 1 and to UE 104 in auxiliary data in phase 3.

[0177] In phase 6, UE 104 performs positioning measurements using the PRS beam received by the Rx antenna as adapted in phase 4. For example, the positioning measurements can be direction-based measurements (such as AOD measurements) or timing-based measurements (such as Rx-Tx time difference measurements for RTT-based positioning or RSTD measurements for TDOA-based positioning).

[0178] In phase 7, UE 104 can use the positioning measurements from phase 6 and the base station location information received from the auxiliary data from phase 3 to determine a UE-based positioning estimate. Alternatively, as illustrated by the dashed lines, for UE-assisted positioning, UE 104 can (e.g., in the positioning information message of phase 8) send positioning information to location server 172, and location server 172 can determine a UE 104 positioning estimate in phase 9.

[0179] Figure 16 A flowchart of an exemplary process 1600 performed by a user equipment (UE) (such as UE 104) to support the UE's location in a wireless network is shown in a manner consistent with the disclosed implementation.

[0180] In box 1602, the UE receives a PRS configuration for receiving Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) beams, which includes azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam, for example, as in... Figure 15 As explained in stage 3, the means for receiving a PRS configuration for receiving a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) beam may include... Figure 5 The UE 500 includes a wireless transceiver 540 and one or more processors 510 with dedicated hardware or implementation memory 511 containing executable code or software instructions 512 (such as a positioning session module 572). The PRS configuration includes information about the azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth of each PRS beam.

[0181] In box 1604, the UE receives the PRS beam based on this PRS configuration, for example, as in Figure 15 As explained in stage 5. The apparatus for receiving a PRS beam based on a PRS configuration may include... Figure 5 The UE 500 includes a wireless transceiver 540 and one or more processors 510 with dedicated hardware or implementation memory 511 containing executable code or software instructions 512 (such as a location session module 572).

[0182] In box 1606, the UE utilizes the PRS beam to perform positioning measurements, for example, as in Figure 15 As explained in stage 6, the apparatus for performing positioning measurements using PRS beams may include... Figure 5 The UE 500 includes a wireless transceiver 540 and one or more processors 510 with dedicated hardware or implementation memory 511 containing executable code or software instructions 512 (such as a location session module 572).

[0183] In one implementation, beamwidth information for each PRS beam may include the beamwidth of each beam, such as in Figure 15 As discussed in Phase 3. For example, the beamwidth of each beam can be provided based on the power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam. The beamwidth of each beam can be further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0184] In one implementation, beamwidth information for each PRS beam may include line-of-sight direction uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty, such as in Figure 15 The phase 3 discussed. For example, line-of-sight uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty are provided based on power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam. Line-of-sight uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty can be further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0185] In one implementation, the beamwidth information further includes beam information about one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam, as in... Figure 15 As discussed in Phase 3. Beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and back lobes associated with each PRS beam may include power attenuation relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam. Beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and back lobes associated with each PRS beam may further include angular information relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0186] like Figure 16 As illustrated by the dashed line in box 1608, in some implementations, the UE can select the antenna for receiving the PRS beam based on beamwidth information for each PRS beam, for example, as... Figure 15 As explained in stage 4, the means for selecting the antenna for receiving the PRS beam based on beamwidth information for each PRS beam may include... Figure 5 The UE500 includes a wireless transceiver 540 and one or more processors 510 with dedicated hardware or implementation memory 511 containing executable code or software instructions 512 (such as an Rx antenna selection module 574).

[0187] In some implementations, the UE can select antennas for receiving PRS beams based on beamwidth information for each PRS beam: selecting a first number of antennas to receive the PRS beams when the beamwidth information indicates that the beamwidth is greater than a threshold, and selecting a second number of antennas to receive the PRS beams when the beamwidth information indicates that the beamwidth is less than a threshold, wherein the first number of antennas is less than the second number of antennas, for example, as... Figure 13 As discussed in [the document]. For example, the first number of antennas can be a single antenna. The means for selecting a first number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam when beamwidth information regarding the PRS beam indicates that the beamwidth is greater than a threshold, and for selecting a second number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam when beamwidth information regarding the PRS beam indicates that the beamwidth is less than a threshold, may include [the following]. Figure 5 The UE 500 includes a wireless transceiver 540 and one or more processors 510 with dedicated hardware or implementation memory 511 containing executable code or software instructions 512 (such as an Rx antenna selection module 574), wherein the first number of antennas is less than the second number of antennas.

[0188] In some implementations, the UE can select antennas for receiving PRS beams based on beamwidth information for each PRS beam: a first number of antennas are selected to receive the PRS beams when the beamwidth information indicates that at least one of the line-of-sight uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty for the PRS beam is greater than a threshold; and a second number of antennas are selected to receive the PRS beams when the beamwidth information indicates that at least one of the line-of-sight uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty for the PRS beam is less than a threshold, wherein the first number of antennas is less than the second number of antennas, for example, as... Figure 13 The apparatus discussed herein, for selecting a first number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam when beamwidth information regarding the PRS beam indicates that at least one of the line-of-sight uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty for the PRS beam is greater than a threshold, and for selecting a second number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam when beamwidth information regarding the PRS beam indicates that at least one of the line-of-sight uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty for the PRS beam is less than a threshold, may include Figure 5 The UE 500 includes a wireless transceiver 540 and one or more processors 510 with dedicated hardware or implementation memory 511 containing executable code or software instructions 512 (such as an Rx antenna selection module 574), wherein the first number of antennas is less than the second number of antennas.

[0189] In some implementations, the UE can select the antennas for receiving the PRS beam based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam by: reducing the number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam when the beamwidth information about the PRS beam indicates that one or more sidelobes and back lobes associated with that PRS beam have a power attenuation greater than a threshold relative to the line of sight of the PRS beam, and when the positioning measurement includes time-based positioning measurements, for example, as Figure 13 The means for reducing the number of antennas used to receive the PRS beam, as discussed in the section on beamwidth information of the PRS beam indicating that one or more sidelobes and back lobes associated with the PRS beam have a power attenuation greater than a threshold relative to the line of sight of the PRS beam, and when positioning measurements include time-based positioning measurements, may include... Figure 5 The UE 500 includes a wireless transceiver 540 and one or more processors 510 with dedicated hardware or implementation memory 511 containing executable code or software instructions 512 (such as an Rx antenna selection module 574).

[0190] In some implementations, the PRS beam can be transmitted in the millimeter-wave band, and the UE can include multiple antenna panels. The UE can select the number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam by selecting from several antenna panels, at least in part, based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam, for example, as... Figure 14 As discussed herein. The means for selecting from several antenna panels based at least in part on beamwidth information about each PRS beam may include... Figure 5 The UE 500 includes a wireless transceiver 540 and one or more processors 510 with executable code or software instructions 512 (such as an Rx antenna selection module 574) in dedicated hardware or implementation memory 511. For example, in some implementations, selecting the number of antenna panels based at least in part on beamwidth information about each PRS beam may include: shutting down one or more antenna panels based at least in part on one or more of line-of-sight direction, line-of-sight direction uncertainty, beamwidth, beamwidth uncertainty, or combinations thereof, for example, as discussed in phase 14. For example, selecting the number of antenna panels based at least in part on beamwidth information about each PRS beam may include: shutting down one or more antenna panels based at least in part on one or more of line-of-sight direction uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty being less than a threshold, for example, as discussed in phase 14. For example, selecting from several antenna panels based at least in part on beamwidth information about each PRS beam may include: shutting down one or more antenna panels, for example, as discussed in phase 14, based at least in part on the power levels of one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with the PRS beam being greater than a threshold and on positioning measurements including time-based positioning measurements. The number of antenna panels selected may further be based on the movement or rotation of the UE.

[0191] Figure 17 A flowchart of an exemplary process 1700 performed by a location server (such as location server 172 or LMF 270) to support the location of a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network is shown in a manner consistent with the disclosed implementation.

[0192] In box 1702, the location server receives a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) configuration from one or more base stations. This PRS configuration is used for PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations. The PRS configuration includes azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam, for example, as shown in... Figure 15 As explained in Phase 1, the means for receiving Position Reference Signals (PRS) configurations from one or more base stations may include... Figure 7The server 700 includes a transceiver 715 and one or more processors 710 with dedicated hardware or implementation memory 711 containing executable code or software instructions 712 (such as a positioning session module 772), the PRS configuration being used for PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam.

[0193] In box 1704, the location server prepares positioning assistance data for the UE, including PRS configuration for receiving PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations. This assistance data includes azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam, for example, as in... Figure 15 As explained in Phase 1. For example, in one implementation, the positioning assistance data may further include the locations of one or more base stations for UE-based positioning. Means for preparing positioning assistance data for the UE, including PRS configuration for receiving PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, may include... Figure 7 The server 700 has one or more processors 710 with dedicated hardware or executable code or software instructions 712 (such as a positioning session module 772) in memory 711. The auxiliary data includes azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam.

[0194] In box 1706, the location server sends an auxiliary data message to the UE that includes the positioning assistance data, for example, as in... Figure 15 As explained in Phase 1, the means for transmitting an LPP auxiliary data message including the positioning assistance data to the UE may include... Figure 7 The server 700 includes a transceiver 715 and one or more processors 710 with dedicated hardware or implementation memory 711 containing executable code or software instructions 712 (such as a location session module 772).

[0195] In one implementation, beamwidth information for each PRS beam may include the beamwidth of each beam, such as in Figure 15 As discussed in Phase 3. For example, the beamwidth of each beam can be provided based on the power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam. The beamwidth of each beam can be further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0196] In one implementation, beamwidth information for each PRS beam may include line-of-sight direction uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty, such as in Figure 15The phase 3 discussed. For example, line-of-sight uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty are provided based on power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam. Line-of-sight uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty can be further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0197] In one implementation, the beamwidth information further includes beam information about one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam, as in... Figure 15 As discussed in Phase 3. Beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and back lobes associated with each PRS beam may include power attenuation relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam. Beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and back lobes associated with each PRS beam may further include angular information relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0198] Throughout this specification, the terms "an example," "an example," "some examples," or "exemplary implementation" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with a feature and / or example may be included in at least one feature and / or example of the claimed subject matter. Therefore, the phrases "in an example," "an example," "some examples," or "in some implementations," or other similar phrases appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily all refer to the same feature, example, and / or limitation. Furthermore, these particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in one or more examples and / or features.

[0199] Some portions of the detailed description included herein are presented in the form of algorithms or symbolic representations of operations on binary digital signals stored in the memory of a particular device or dedicated computing device or platform. In the context of this particular specification, the terms "particular device," etc., include general-purpose computers once programmed to perform specific operations according to instructions from program software. Algorithm descriptions or symbolic representations are examples of techniques used by those skilled in the art of signal processing or related fields to convey the essence of their work to others skilled in the art. An algorithm here is generally considered to be a self-consistent sequence of operations or similar signal processing that leads to a desired result. In this context, the operation or processing involves the physical manipulation of physical quantities. Typically, but not necessarily, such quantities may take the form of electrical or magnetic signals that can be stored, transmitted, combined, compared, or otherwise manipulated. It has proven convenient at times to refer to such signals as bits, data, values, elements, symbols, characters, items, numbers, numerical values, etc., primarily for reasons of general use. However, it should be understood that all such terms, or similar terms, are to be associated with the appropriate physical quantity and are merely convenient labels. Unless otherwise specifically stated, as will be apparent from the discussion herein, throughout this specification, the use of terms such as “processing,” “calculating,” “determining,” and “determining” refers to the actions or processes of a particular device (such as a dedicated computer, dedicated computing equipment, or similar dedicated electronic computing device). In the context of this specification, therefore, a dedicated computer or similar dedicated electronic computing device is capable of manipulating or transforming signals that are generally represented as physical electronic or magnetic quantities within the memory, registers, or other information storage, transmission, or display devices of such dedicated computer or similar dedicated electronic computing device.

[0200] In the detailed description above, numerous specific details have been set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the claimed subject matter. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the claimed subject matter can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, methods and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the art have not been described in detail to avoid obscuring the claimed subject matter.

[0201] As used herein, the terms “and,” “or,” and “and / or” may include a variety of meanings, which are also contemplated, at least in part, depending on the context in which such terms are used. Generally, “or,” when used to relate a list such as A, B, or C, is intended to mean A, B, and C (in the inclusive sense) and A, B, or C (in the exclusive sense). Additionally, the term “one or more” as used herein may be used to describe any feature, structure, or property in its singular form, or to describe multiple features, structures, or characteristics, or some other combination thereof. However, it should be noted that this is merely an illustrative example, and the claimed subject matter is not limited to this example.

[0202] While the features currently considered exemplary have been explained and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various other modifications can be made and equivalents can be substituted without departing from the claimed subject matter. Additionally, numerous modifications can be made to adapt a particular scenario to the teachings of the claimed subject matter without departing from the central concepts described herein.

[0203] In view of this specification, various embodiments may include different combinations of features. Examples of implementations are described in the following numbered clauses.

[0204] Clause 1. A method for locating a user equipment (UE) performed by the UE, comprising: receiving a PRS configuration for receiving positioning reference signal (PRS) beams, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; receiving the PRS beams based on the PRS configuration; and performing positioning measurements using the PRS beams.

[0205] Clause 2. As in Clause 1, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes the beamwidth of each beam.

[0206] Clause 3. The method of Clause 2, wherein the beamwidth of each beam is provided based on the power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam.

[0207] Clause 4. The method of Clause 3, wherein the beamwidth of each beam is further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0208] Clause 5. As in Clause 1, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes line-of-sight uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty.

[0209] Clause 6. The method of Clause 5, wherein the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty are provided based on the power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam.

[0210] Clause 7. The method of Clause 6, wherein the line-of-sight direction uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty are further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0211] Clause 8. The method of any of Clauses 1-7, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes beam information for one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam.

[0212] Clause 9. The method of Clause 8, wherein beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam includes power attenuation relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0213] Clause 10. The method of Clause 9, wherein the beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam further includes angular information relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0214] Clause 11. The method of any of Clauses 1-10 further includes: selecting an antenna for receiving the PRS beam based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam.

[0215] Clause 12. The method of Clause 11, wherein selecting antennas for receiving PRS beams based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam comprises: selecting a first number of antennas for receiving the PRS beams when the beamwidth information about the PRS beams indicates that the beamwidth is greater than a threshold, and selecting a second number of antennas for receiving the PRS beams when the beamwidth information about the PRS beams indicates that the beamwidth is less than the threshold, wherein the first number of antennas is less than the second number of antennas.

[0216] Clause 13. The method of Clause 12, wherein the first number of antennas is an antenna.

[0217] Clause 14. The method of Clause 11, wherein selecting antennas for receiving PRS beams based on beamwidth information for each PRS beam comprises: selecting a first number of antennas for receiving the PRS beams when the beamwidth information for the PRS beams indicates that at least one of the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty for the PRS beams is greater than a threshold, and selecting a second number of antennas for receiving the PRS beams when the beamwidth information for the PRS beams indicates that at least one of the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty for the PRS beams is less than the threshold, wherein the first number of antennas is less than the second number of antennas.

[0218] Clause 15. The method of Clause 11, wherein selecting an antenna for receiving a PRS beam based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam comprises: reducing the number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam when the beamwidth information about the PRS beam indicates that one or more sidelobes and back lobes associated with the PRS beam have a power attenuation greater than a threshold relative to the line of sight of the PRS beam and the positioning measurement includes a time-based positioning measurement.

[0219] Clause 16. The method of Clause 11, wherein the PRS beam is transmitted in a millimeter-wave band, and wherein the UE comprises a plurality of antenna panels; wherein selecting the number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam includes selecting the number of antenna panels based at least in part on beamwidth information about each PRS beam.

[0220] Clause 17. The method of Clause 16, wherein selecting the number of antenna panels based at least in part on beamwidth information about each PRS beam comprises: shutting off one or more antenna panels based at least in part on one or more of the following: line-of-sight direction, line-of-sight direction uncertainty, beamwidth, beamwidth uncertainty, or a combination thereof.

[0221] Clause 18. The method of Clause 16, wherein selecting the number of antenna panels based at least in part on beamwidth information about each PRS beam includes: shutting down one or more antenna panels based at least in part on one or more of line-of-sight uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty being less than a threshold.

[0222] Clause 19. The method of Clause 16, wherein selecting the number of antenna panels based at least in part on beamwidth information about each PRS beam comprises: shutting down one or more antenna panels based at least in part on the power levels of one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with the PRS beam being greater than a threshold and the positioning measurement comprising time-based positioning measurements.

[0223] Clause 20. The method of Clause 16, wherein the number of antenna panels selected is further based on the movement or rotation of the UE.

[0224] Clause 21. A user equipment (UE) configured for positioning, comprising: a radio transceiver configured to wirelessly communicate with an entity in a wireless network; at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the radio transceiver and the at least one memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: receive a PRS configuration for receiving positioning reference signal (PRS) beams, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; receive the PRS beams based on the PRS configuration; and perform positioning measurements using the PRS beams.

[0225] Clause 22. As in Clause 21 for the UE, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes the beamwidth of each beam.

[0226] Clause 23. As in Clause 22, the beamwidth of each beam is provided based on the power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam.

[0227] Clause 24. As in Clause 23, the beamwidth of each beam is further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0228] Clause 25. As in Clause 21 for the UE, where the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes line-of-sight direction uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty.

[0229] Clause 26. As in Clause 25, the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty are provided based on the power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam.

[0230] Clause 27. As in Clause 26, the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty are further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0231] Clause 28. For any of Clauses 21-27, the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes beam information for one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam.

[0232] Clause 29. As in Clause 28, the UE wherein beam information relating to one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam includes power attenuation relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0233] Clause 30. As in Clause 29 of the UE, wherein the beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam further includes angular information relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0234] Clause 31. The UE of any of Clauses 21-30, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: select an antenna for receiving the PRS beam based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam.

[0235] Clause 32. The UE as in Clause 31, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select antennas for receiving PRS beams based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam by being configured to: select a first number of antennas for receiving the PRS beams when the beamwidth information about the PRS beams indicates that the beamwidth is greater than a threshold, and select a second number of antennas for receiving the PRS beams when the beamwidth information about the PRS beams indicates that the beamwidth is less than the threshold, wherein the first number of antennas is less than the second number of antennas.

[0236] Clause 33. As in Clause 32 of the UE, the first number of antennas is one antenna.

[0237] Clause 34. The UE of Clause 31, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select antennas for receiving PRS beams based on beamwidth information for each PRS beam by being configured to: select a first number of antennas for receiving the PRS beams when the beamwidth information for the PRS beams indicates that at least one of the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty for the PRS beams is greater than a threshold, and select a second number of antennas for receiving the PRS beams when the beamwidth information for the PRS beams indicates that at least one of the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty for the PRS beams is less than the threshold, wherein the first number of antennas is less than the second number of antennas.

[0238] Clause 35. The UE of Clause 31, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select an antenna for receiving a PRS beam based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam by being configured to: reduce the number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam when the beamwidth information about the PRS beam indicates that one or more sidelobes and back lobes associated with the PRS beam have a power attenuation greater than a threshold relative to the line of sight of the PRS beam and the positioning measurement includes a time-based positioning measurement.

[0239] Clause 36. The UE of Clause 31, wherein the PRS beam is transmitted in a millimeter-wave band, and wherein the UE comprises a plurality of antenna panels; wherein the at least one processor is further configured to select the number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam by being configured to perform the following operations: selecting the number of antenna panels based at least in part on beamwidth information about each PRS beam.

[0240] Clause 37. The UE of Clause 36, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select the number of antenna panels at least in part based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam by being configured to: shut down one or more antenna panels at least in part based on one or more of line-of-sight direction, line-of-sight direction uncertainty, beamwidth, beamwidth uncertainty, or a combination thereof.

[0241] Clause 38. The UE of Clause 36, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select the number of antenna panels at least in part based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam by being configured to: shut down one or more antenna panels at least in part based on one or more of line-of-sight uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty being less than a threshold.

[0242] Clause 39. The UE as in Clause 36, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select the number of antenna panels at least in part based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam by being configured to: shut down one or more antenna panels at least in part based on the power levels of one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with the PRS beam being greater than a threshold and the positioning measurement including time-based positioning measurements.

[0243] Clause 40. The UE as described in Clause 36, wherein the at least one processor is configured to further select the number of antenna panels based on the movement or rotation of the UE.

[0244] Clause 41. A user equipment (UE) configured for positioning, comprising: means for receiving a PRS configuration for receiving positioning reference signal (PRS) beams, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; means for receiving the PRS beams based on the PRS configuration; and means for performing positioning measurements using the PRS beams.

[0245] Clause 42. As in Clause 41 for the UE, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes the beamwidth of each beam.

[0246] Clause 43. The UE as in Clause 42, wherein the beamwidth of each beam is provided based on the power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam.

[0247] Clause 44. As in Clause 43, the beamwidth of each beam is further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0248] Clause 45. As in Clause 41 for the UE, the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes line-of-sight direction uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty.

[0249] Clause 46. As in Clause 45, the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty are provided based on the power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam.

[0250] Clause 47. As in Clause 46, the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty are further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0251] Clause 48. For any of Clauses 41-48, the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes beam information for one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam.

[0252] Clause 49. As in Clause 48, the UE wherein beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam includes power attenuation relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0253] Clause 50. As in Clause 49 of the UE, wherein the beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam further includes angular information relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0254] Clause 51. The UE of any of Clauses 41-50 further includes: means for selecting an antenna for receiving the PRS beam based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam.

[0255] Clause 52. The UE of Clause 51, wherein the means for selecting antennas for receiving PRS beams based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam includes means for selecting a first number of antennas for receiving the PRS beams when the beamwidth information about the PRS beams indicates that the beamwidth is greater than a threshold, and for selecting a second number of antennas for receiving the PRS beams when the beamwidth information about the PRS beams indicates that the beamwidth is less than the threshold, wherein the first number of antennas is less than the second number of antennas.

[0256] Clause 53. As in Clause 52 of the UE, the first number of antennas is one antenna.

[0257] Clause 54. The UE of Clause 51, wherein the means for selecting antennas for receiving a PRS beam based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam comprises: means for selecting a first number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam when the beamwidth information about the PRS beam indicates that at least one of the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty for the PRS beam is greater than a threshold, and means for selecting a second number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam when the beamwidth information about the PRS beam indicates that at least one of the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty for the PRS beam is less than the threshold, wherein the first number of antennas is less than the second number of antennas.

[0258] Clause 55. The UE of Clause 51, wherein the means for selecting an antenna for receiving a PRS beam based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam comprises: means for reducing the number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam when the beamwidth information about the PRS beam indicates that one or more sidelobes and back lobes associated with the PRS beam have a power attenuation greater than a threshold relative to the line of sight of the PRS beam and the positioning measurement includes a time-based positioning measurement.

[0259] Clause 56. The UE of Clause 51, wherein the PRS beam is transmitted in a millimeter-wave band, and wherein the UE comprises a plurality of antenna panels; wherein the means for selecting the number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam includes means for selecting the number of antenna panels at least in part based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam.

[0260] Clause 57. The UE of Clause 56, wherein the means for selecting the number of antenna panels based at least in part on beamwidth information about each PRS beam includes means for shutting off one or more antenna panels based at least in part on one or more of the following: line-of-sight direction, line-of-sight direction uncertainty, beamwidth, beamwidth uncertainty, or a combination thereof.

[0261] Clause 58. The method of Clause 56, wherein the means for selecting the number of antenna panels based at least in part on beamwidth information about each PRS beam includes means for shutting down one or more antenna panels based at least in part on one or more of line-of-sight uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty being less than a threshold.

[0262] Clause 59. The UE of Clause 56, wherein the means for selecting the number of antenna panels based at least in part on beamwidth information about each PRS beam includes means for turning off one or more antenna panels based at least in part on the power level of one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with the PRS beam being greater than a threshold and the positioning measurement including time-based positioning measurements.

[0263] Clause 60. The UE as described in Clause 56, wherein the means for selecting the number of antenna panels further selects the number of antenna panels based on the movement or rotation of the UE.

[0264] Clause 61. A non-transient storage medium including program code stored thereon, the program code being operable to configure at least one processor in a user equipment (UE) for positioning, the program code including instructions for: receiving a PRS configuration for receiving positioning reference signal (PRS) beams, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; receiving the PRS beams based on the PRS configuration; and performing positioning measurements using the PRS beams.

[0265] Clause 62. Non-transient storage media as in Clause 61, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes the beamwidth of each beam.

[0266] Clause 63. A non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 62, wherein the beamwidth of each beam is provided based on the power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam.

[0267] Clause 64. Non-transient storage media as in Clause 63, wherein the beamwidth of each beam is further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0268] Clause 65. A non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 61, wherein beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes line-of-sight direction uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty.

[0269] Clause 66. A non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 65, wherein the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty are provided based on power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam.

[0270] Clause 67. A non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 66, wherein the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty are further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0271] Clause 68. A non-transient storage medium as described in any of Clauses 61-67, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes beam information for one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam.

[0272] Clause 69. A non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 68, wherein beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam includes power attenuation relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0273] Clause 70. A non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 69, wherein the beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam further includes angular information relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0274] Clause 71. A non-transient storage medium as described in any of Clauses 61-70, wherein said program code further includes instructions for selecting an antenna for receiving a PRS beam based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam.

[0275] Clause 72. A non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 71, wherein the program code includes instructions for selecting antennas for receiving a PRS beam based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam, the instructions including instructions for selecting a first number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam when the beamwidth information about the PRS beam indicates that the beamwidth is greater than a threshold, and for selecting a second number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam when the beamwidth information about the PRS beam indicates that the beamwidth is less than the threshold, wherein the first number of antennas is less than the second number of antennas.

[0276] Clause 73. A non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 72, wherein the first number of antennas is an antenna.

[0277] Clause 74. A non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 71, wherein the program code includes instructions for selecting antennas for receiving a PRS beam based on beamwidth information for each PRS beam, the instructions including instructions for selecting a first number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam when the beamwidth information for the PRS beam indicates that at least one of the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty for the PRS beam is greater than a threshold, and for selecting a second number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam when the beamwidth information for the PRS beam indicates that at least one of the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty for the PRS beam is less than the threshold, wherein the first number of antennas is less than the second number of antennas.

[0278] Clause 75. A non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 71, wherein the program code includes instructions for selecting an antenna for receiving a PRS beam based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam, the instructions including instructions for reducing the number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam when the beamwidth information about the PRS beam indicates that one or more sidelobes and back lobes associated with the PRS beam have a power attenuation greater than a threshold relative to the line of sight of the PRS beam and the positioning measurement includes a time-based positioning measurement.

[0279] Clause 76. A non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 71, wherein the PRS beam is transmitted in a millimeter-wave band, and wherein the UE comprises a plurality of antenna panels; wherein the program code includes instructions for selecting the number of antennas for receiving the PRS beam based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam, the instructions including instructions for selecting the number of antenna panels at least in part based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam.

[0280] Clause 77. A non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 76, wherein the program code includes instructions for selecting the number of antenna panels based at least in part on beamwidth information about each PRS beam, the instructions including instructions for shutting down one or more antenna panels based at least in part on one or more of a line-of-sight direction, line-of-sight direction uncertainty, beamwidth, beamwidth uncertainty, or a combination thereof.

[0281] Clause 78. A non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 76, wherein the program code includes instructions for selecting the number of antenna panels based at least in part on beamwidth information about each PRS beam, the instructions including instructions for shutting down one or more antenna panels based at least in part on one or more of line-of-sight uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty being less than a threshold.

[0282] Clause 79. A non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 76, wherein the program code includes instructions for selecting the number of antenna panels based at least in part on beamwidth information about each PRS beam, the instructions including instructions for turning off one or more antenna panels based at least in part on the power levels of one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with the PRS beam being greater than a threshold and the positioning measurement including time-based positioning measurements.

[0283] Clause 80. A non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 76, wherein the program code includes instructions for further selecting the number of antenna panels based on the movement or rotation of the UE.

[0284] Clause 81. A method for positioning a user equipment (UE) performed by a location server, comprising: receiving a positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration from one or more base stations, the PRS configuration being used for PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; preparing for the UE positioning assistance data including the PRS configuration for receiving the PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, the positioning assistance data including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; and sending an assistance data message including the positioning assistance data to the UE.

[0285] Clause 82. As in Clause 81, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes the beamwidth of each beam.

[0286] Clause 83. The method of Clause 82, wherein the beamwidth of each beam is provided based on the power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam.

[0287] Clause 84. The method of Clause 83, wherein the beamwidth of each beam is further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0288] Clause 85. The method of Clause 81, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes line-of-sight direction uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty.

[0289] Clause 86. The method of Clause 85, wherein the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty are provided based on the power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam.

[0290] Clause 87. The method of Clause 86, wherein the line-of-sight direction uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty are further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0291] Clause 88. The method of any of Clauses 81-87, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes beam information for one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam.

[0292] Clause 89. The method of Clause 88, wherein beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam includes power attenuation relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0293] Clause 90. The method of Clause 89, wherein the beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam further includes angular information relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0294] Clause 91. The method of any of Clauses 81-90, wherein the positioning assistance data further includes the location of the one or more base stations for UE-based positioning.

[0295] Clause 92. A location server configured to support positioning of a user equipment (UE), comprising: an external interface configured to communicate with an entity in a wireless network; at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the external interface and the at least one memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: receive a positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration from one or more base stations for PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; prepare positioning assistance data for the UE including the PRS configuration for receiving the PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, the positioning assistance data including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; and send an assistance data message including the positioning assistance data to the UE.

[0296] Clause 93. As in Clause 92, the location server, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes the beamwidth of each beam.

[0297] Clause 94. As in Clause 93, the location server, wherein the beamwidth of each beam is provided based on the power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam.

[0298] Clause 95. As in Clause 94, the location server, wherein the beamwidth of each beam is further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0299] Clause 96. As in Clause 92, the location server, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes line-of-sight direction uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty.

[0300] Clause 97. As in Clause 96, the location server, wherein the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty are provided based on power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam.

[0301] Clause 98. As in Clause 97, the location server, wherein the line-of-sight direction uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty are further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0302] Clause 99. A location server as described in any of Clauses 92-98, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes beam information about one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam.

[0303] Clause 100. As in Clause 99, the location server, wherein beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam includes power attenuation relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0304] Clause 101. The location server as described in Clause 100, wherein the beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam further includes angular information relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0305] Clause 102. A location server as described in any of Clauses 92-101, wherein the location assistance data further includes the location of the one or more base stations for UE-based location.

[0306] Clause 103. A location server configured for positioning of a user equipment (UE), comprising: means for receiving a positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration from one or more base stations, the PRS configuration being for PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; means for preparing positioning assistance data for the UE including the PRS configuration for receiving the PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, the positioning assistance data including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; and means for transmitting an assistance data message including the positioning assistance data to the UE.

[0307] Clause 104. As in Clause 103, the location server, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes the beamwidth of each beam.

[0308] Clause 105. Location server as in Clause 104, wherein the beamwidth of each beam is provided based on the power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam.

[0309] Clause 106. As in Clause 105, the location server, wherein the beamwidth of each beam is further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0310] Clause 107. As in Clause 103, the location server, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes line-of-sight direction uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty.

[0311] Clause 108. As in Clause 107, the location server, wherein the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty are provided based on power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam.

[0312] Clause 109. As in Clause 108, the location server, wherein the line-of-sight direction uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty are further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0313] Clause 110. A location server as described in any of Clauses 103-109, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes beam information about one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam.

[0314] Clause 111. The location server as described in Clause 110, wherein beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam includes power attenuation relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0315] Clause 112. The location server as described in Clause 111, wherein the beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam further includes angular information relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0316] Clause 113. A location server as described in any of Clauses 103-112, wherein the location assistance data further includes the location of the one or more base stations for UE-based location.

[0317] Clause 114. A non-transient storage medium including program code stored thereon, the program code being operable to configure at least one processor in a location server to support positioning of a user equipment (UE), the program code including instructions for: receiving a positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration from one or more base stations, the PRS configuration being for PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; preparing positioning assistance data for the UE including the PRS configuration for receiving the PRS beams transmitted by the one or more base stations, the positioning assistance data including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; and sending an assistance data message including the positioning assistance data to the UE.

[0318] Clause 115. Non-transient storage media as described in Clause 114, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes the beamwidth of each beam.

[0319] Clause 116. Non-transient storage media as described in Clause 115, wherein the beamwidth of each beam is provided based on the power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam.

[0320] Clause 117. Non-transient storage media as in Clause 116, wherein the beamwidth of each beam is further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0321] Clause 118. Non-transient storage media as described in Clause 114, wherein beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes line-of-sight direction uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty.

[0322] Clause 119. A non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 118, wherein the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty are provided based on power attenuation in the main lobe of the PRS beam.

[0323] Clause 120. Non-transient storage media as described in Clause 119, wherein the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty are further provided with spatial dimensions including azimuth and elevation.

[0324] Clause 121. A non-transient storage medium as described in any of Clauses 114-120, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes beam information for one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam.

[0325] Clause 122. The non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 121, wherein beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam includes power attenuation relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0326] Clause 123. A non-transient storage medium as described in Clause 122, wherein the beam information regarding one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam further includes angular information relative to the line of sight of each PRS beam.

[0327] Clause 124. A non-transient storage medium as described in any of Clauses 114-123, wherein the positioning assistance data further includes the locations of the one or more base stations for UE-based positioning.

[0328] Therefore, the subject matter claimed is not intended to be limited to the specific examples disclosed, but may also include all aspects falling within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for locating the UE performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: Receive auxiliary data, the auxiliary data including at least a PRS configuration for receiving one or more Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) beams, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; One or more antennas for receiving the one or more PRS beams are selected based on the beamwidth information for each PRS beam. To receive one or more PRS beams based on the PRS configuration; as well as The PRS beam is used to perform positioning measurements.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes the beamwidth of each beam.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes line-of-sight uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes beam information for one or more sidelobes and back lobes associated with each PRS beam.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting one or more antennas for receiving the one or more PRS beams based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam comprises: When the beamwidth information regarding the PRS beam indicates that the beamwidth is greater than a threshold, a first number of antennas are selected to receive the PRS beam, and when the beamwidth information regarding the PRS beam indicates that the beamwidth is less than the threshold, a second number of antennas are selected to receive the PRS beam, wherein the first number of antennas is less than the second number of antennas.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting one or more antennas for receiving the one or more PRS beams based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam comprises: A first number of antennas are selected to receive the PRS beam when the beamwidth information regarding the PRS beam indicates that at least one of the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty for the PRS beam is greater than a threshold, and a second number of antennas are selected to receive the PRS beam when the beamwidth information regarding the PRS beam indicates that at least one of the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty for the PRS beam is less than the threshold, wherein the first number of antennas is less than the second number of antennas.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting one or more antennas for receiving the one or more PRS beams based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam comprises: When the beamwidth information regarding the PRS beam indicates that one or more sidelobes and back lobes associated with the PRS beam have a power attenuation greater than a threshold relative to the line of sight of the PRS beam, and when the positioning measurement includes time-based positioning measurements, the number of antennas used to receive the PRS beam is reduced.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more PRS beams are transmitted in a millimeter-wave band, and wherein the UE comprises a plurality of antenna panels; wherein selecting the number of antennas for receiving the one or more PRS beams based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam includes selecting the number of antenna panels at least in part based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam.

9. A user equipment (UE) configured for positioning, comprising: A wireless transceiver configured to communicate wirelessly with an entity in a wireless network; At least one memory; At least one processor coupled to the wireless transceiver and the at least one memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: Receive auxiliary data, the auxiliary data including at least a PRS configuration for receiving one or more Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) beams, the PRS configuration including azimuth and elevation angles and beamwidth information for each PRS beam; One or more antennas for receiving the one or more PRS beams are selected based on the beamwidth information for each PRS beam. To receive one or more PRS beams based on the PRS configuration; as well as Positioning measurements are performed using one or more PRS beams.

10. The UE of claim 9, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes the beamwidth of each beam.

11. The UE of claim 9, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes line-of-sight direction uncertainty and beamwidth uncertainty.

12. The UE of claim 9, wherein the beamwidth information for each PRS beam includes beam information for one or more sidelobes and backlobes associated with each PRS beam.

13. The UE of claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select one or more antennas for receiving the one or more PRS beams based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam by being configured to perform the following operations: selecting a first number of antennas for receiving the PRS beams when the beamwidth information about the PRS beams indicates that the beamwidth is greater than a threshold, and selecting a second number of antennas for receiving the PRS beams when the beamwidth information about the PRS beams indicates that the beamwidth is less than the threshold, wherein the first number of antennas is less than the second number of antennas.

14. The UE of claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select one or more antennas for receiving the one or more PRS beams based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam by being configured to perform the following operations: selecting a first number of antennas for receiving the PRS beams when the beamwidth information about the PRS beams indicates that at least one of the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty for the PRS beams is greater than a threshold, and selecting a second number of antennas for receiving the PRS beams when the beamwidth information about the PRS beams indicates that at least one of the line-of-sight uncertainty and the beamwidth uncertainty for the PRS beams is less than the threshold, wherein the first number of antennas is less than the second number of antennas.

15. The UE of claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select one or more antennas for receiving the one or more PRS beams based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam by being configured to: reduce the number of antennas for receiving the PRS beams when the beamwidth information about the PRS beam indicates that one or more sidelobes and back lobes associated with the PRS beam have a power attenuation greater than a threshold relative to the line of sight of the PRS beam and the positioning measurement includes a time-based positioning measurement.

16. The UE of claim 9, wherein the one or more PRS beams are transmitted in a millimeter-wave band, and wherein the UE comprises a plurality of antenna panels; wherein the at least one processor is further configured to select the number of antennas for receiving the one or more PRS beams based on beamwidth information about each PRS beam by being configured to perform the following operation: selecting the number of antenna panels based at least in part on beamwidth information about each PRS beam.

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