A measuring tool for the shape and position tolerance of a shaft part and a method for calibrating a shaft part

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of shaft parts shape tolerance measuring tools and the calibration method of shaft parts, including base block, support block, adjusting assembly and measuring tool;Base block includes inner connecting part and outer connecting part;Inner connecting part is matched with the reference piece outer surface of the part to be measured;Base block is provided with fixing part;Support block bottom end is connected with outer connecting part;Adjusting assembly includes first adjusting block, second adjusting block and first fixing part;First adjusting block is vertically arranged with support block, and the first end of first adjusting block is connected with the top end of support block;Second adjusting block is oppositely arranged with first adjusting block, and second adjusting block is slidably connected with first adjusting block;Measuring assembly includes measuring rod, and measuring rod is connected with the second end of second adjusting block.The application provides the measuring tool and the measuring reference suitable for ordinary production workshop of shaft parts shape tolerance, and helps to improve the measuring precision and calibration accuracy of shaft parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of measurement and calibration of shaft parts, specifically to a measuring tool for the form and position tolerances of shaft parts and a calibration method for shaft parts. Background Technology

[0002] Testing techniques for geometrical and positional tolerances (GMPs) of shaft components, such as roundness, cylindricity, radial runout, concentricity, coaxiality, and generatrix straightness, are fundamental technologies in the field of mechanical manufacturing. Currently, metrology laboratories utilize precision instruments to measure GMPs of components, such as runout meters, roundness meters, horizontal length measuring machines, and coordinate measuring machines. Specialized mechanical manufacturing plants are equipped with matching tooling and fixtures, and dial indicators or magnetic indicators are used to perform on-site GMP tests on shaft components. Examples include radial runout testing, which affects spindle rotation accuracy during machine tool manufacturing and assembly; concentricity or cylindricity calibration of shaft components on a machine tool rotary table; and online testing of radial runout and generatrix straightness of shaft components on a lathe. In production workshops across various industries, the maintenance and repair of motors, reducers, and couplings are routine tasks. The calibration accuracy between them directly affects the smooth operation of the equipment, mechanical noise, and service life. However, due to the lack of shaft form and position tolerance measuring tools suitable for ordinary production workshops, difficulty in selecting measurement benchmarks, lack of matching tooling fixtures, space limitations, or unsuitable calibration methods, the testing and calibration of shaft components are quite difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address at least one aspect of the aforementioned problems, the present invention provides a measuring tool for the form and position tolerances of shaft parts, comprising a base block, a support block, an adjusting assembly, and a measuring tool; the base block includes an inner connecting part and an outer connecting part; the shape and size of the inner connecting part matches the shape and size of the entire or partial area of ​​the outer peripheral surface of the reference part to be measured; a fixing member is provided on the base block for connecting the base block and the reference part; the support block is vertically arranged, with its bottom end connected to the outer connecting part, and its centerline passing through the center of the shape matching the inner connecting part; the adjusting assembly includes a first adjusting block, a second adjusting block, and a first fixing member. The first adjusting block is perpendicular to the support block, the centerline of the first adjusting block intersects the centerline of the support block, and the first end of the first adjusting block is connected to the top end of the support block; the extension direction of the second adjusting block is the same as that of the first adjusting block, the second adjusting block is opposite to the first adjusting block, and the second adjusting block and the first adjusting block are slidably connected along the extension direction of the first adjusting block; the first fixing member is used to fix the first adjusting block and the second adjusting block; the measuring assembly includes a measuring rod, the measuring rod is vertically arranged, the centerline of the measuring rod intersects the centerline of the second adjusting block, and the measuring rod is connected through the second end of the second adjusting block.

[0004] The above technical solution provides a measuring tool for the form and position tolerances of shaft parts suitable for general production workshops. By selecting a base block matching the reference part to be measured and a support block of appropriate size, and connecting them to the reference part via a fixing component, the bottom end of the measuring rod will abut against the circumferential surface of the part to be measured. By continuously adjusting the position of the second adjusting block relative to the first adjusting block, or by adjusting the second adjusting block to a certain position of the first adjusting block and then rotating the part to be measured, the form and position tolerances such as straightness, radial runout, roundness, and cylindricity of the part to be measured can be obtained and calculated. The structure is simple, easy to operate, and highly practical. Furthermore, since the centerline of the support block passes through the center of a shape matching the inner connecting part (i.e., the centerline of the support block intersects the axis of the reference part), the centerline of the first adjusting block intersects the centerline of the support block, the second adjusting block is positioned opposite to the first adjusting block, and the centerline of the measuring rod intersects the centerline of the second adjusting block, it is ensured that the centerline of the measuring rod intersects the axis of the part to be measured, thus resulting in high measurement accuracy of the measuring tool of this application.

[0005] Preferably, the support block is provided with a movable block and a second fixing member. The extension direction of the movable block is the same as that of the support block. The movable block and the support block are arranged opposite to each other. The movable block is slidably connected to the support block along the extension direction of the support block. The first end of the first adjusting block is connected to the support block near the top of the movable block. The second fixing member is used to fix the support block and the movable block. Through the above technical solution, the movable block and the support block are slidably connected, and the relative position of the movable block and the support block is fixed by the second fixing member. This is used to adjust the vertical height of the measuring tool of this application, thereby adapting to the measurement of reference parts and parts to be measured with different dimensional differences, and expanding the application range of the measuring tool of this application.

[0006] Preferably, a screw is provided near the top of the movable block, the extension direction of the screw is the same as that of the first adjusting block, the axis of the screw is vertically opposite to the center line of the second adjusting block, one end of the screw is rotatably connected to the movable block near the top, and the screw is threadedly connected to the second adjusting block. Through the above technical solution, using a screw to adjust the position of the second adjusting block relative to the first adjusting block makes the horizontal adjustment distance of the measuring tool controllable and stable, which helps to obtain complete data.

[0007] Preferably, a bearing is fixedly installed near the top of the movable block, and one end of the screw is coaxially and fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing. This technical solution reduces friction at the connection between the screw and the movable block, thus improving the flexibility of the rotating screw.

[0008] Preferably, the first adjusting block has a first groove in its middle portion extending along its extension direction, and the second adjusting block has a first protrusion fixedly disposed in its middle portion extending along its extension direction. The first protrusion is located within the first groove and is slidably connected to the first groove along its extension direction. The first protrusion has a mounting groove extending along its extension direction from near its first end. The screw passes through both the first groove and the mounting groove, penetrates the first end of the first protrusion, and is threadedly connected to the first end of the first protrusion. This technical solution discloses the specific structure of the sliding connection between the first and second adjusting blocks, as well as the specific structure of the connection between the screw and the first and second adjusting blocks. Using this technical solution helps improve the sliding stability of the second and first adjusting blocks.

[0009] Preferably, the cross-sections of both the first groove and the first protrusion along their vertical extension direction are dovetail-shaped. By designing the first groove and the first protrusion as dovetail-shaped using the above technical solution, the sliding stability between the second adjusting block and the first adjusting block is further improved.

[0010] Preferably, a second protrusion along the extending direction of the moving block is fixedly provided in the middle of the moving block, and a second groove along the extending direction of the support block is formed in the middle of the support block. The second protrusion is located in the second groove and is slidably connected to the second groove along the extending direction of the second groove. The above technical solution discloses a specific structure for the sliding connection between the moving block and the support block. Using this technical solution helps to improve the stability of the sliding between the moving block and the support block.

[0011] Preferably, the cross-sections of the second groove and the second protrusion along their vertical extension direction are both dovetail-shaped. By designing the second groove and the second protrusion as dovetail-shaped, the stability of the sliding between the moving block and the support block is further improved.

[0012] Preferably, the measuring rod is slidably connected to the second end of the second adjusting block in a vertical direction; a sixth bolt is provided at the second end of the second adjusting block, the sixth bolt passes through the second end of the second adjusting block and is threadedly connected to the second adjusting block, abutting against the measuring rod. Through the above technical solution, the adjustment and fixation of the measuring rod's extension length relative to the second adjusting block are achieved. On the one hand, this allows for the measurement of reference parts and parts to be measured with different dimensional differences, expanding the application range of the measuring tool of this application; on the other hand, it facilitates the adjustment of the relative distance between the bottom end of the measuring rod and the circumferential surface of the part to be measured, contributing to the accuracy of the data obtained.

[0013] Preferably, the fixing component is a clamping ring and a first bolt; the clamping ring is fixedly mounted on the outer connecting part, and the size of the clamping ring matches the size of the outer connecting part; the bottom end of the clamping ring is an open structure, and the first bolt is located between the two ends of the open structure of the clamping ring. Through the above technical solution, a specific structure for fixing a base block to a reference component is disclosed, which uses a clamping ring fitted onto the reference component, making installation convenient and stable.

[0014] Preferably, the support block and the base block are detachably connected. This technical solution facilitates the replacement of base blocks of different shapes or sizes to suit reference components of different shapes or sizes.

[0015] This invention also discloses a calibration method for shaft-like components, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Using any of the aforementioned measuring tools for form and position tolerances of shaft parts, with the motor shaft shoulder as the reference piece, measure the straightness and radial runout of the drive coupling, and calculate the coaxiality and concentricity of the drive coupling relative to the reference piece using mathematical analysis methods. If the straightness, radial runout, coaxiality, and concentricity do not meet the relevant technical requirements, the drive coupling can be determined to be a defective product. If the straightness, radial runout, coaxiality, and concentricity meet the relevant technical requirements, but there are installation errors, calibrate the radial runout of the drive coupling based on the radial runout data and diagonal principle, or calibrate the coaxiality of the drive coupling based on the straightness data.

[0017] Step 2: Using any of the aforementioned measuring tools for the form and position tolerances of shaft parts, with the motor shaft shoulder as the reference piece, measure the straightness and radial runout of the driven coupling, and calculate the coaxiality and concentricity of the driven coupling relative to the reference piece using mathematical analysis methods. If the straightness, radial runout, coaxiality, and concentricity do not meet the relevant technical requirements, the driven coupling can be determined to be a defective product. If the straightness, radial runout, coaxiality, and concentricity meet the relevant technical requirements, but there are installation errors, calibrate the radial runout of the driven coupling based on the radial runout data and the diagonal principle, or calibrate the coaxiality of the driven coupling based on the straightness data.

[0018] Step 3: Using the drive shaft as the reference, measure the straightness and radial runout of the driven shaft, and calculate the coaxiality and concentricity of the driven shaft relative to the drive shaft using mathematical analysis methods; when there is an installation error, adjust the drive shaft horizontally, vertically, or with an angle according to the straightness or radial runout data of the driven shaft or the driven coupling in Step 2.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, using the measuring tool for form and position tolerances of shaft parts disclosed in this application, the form and position tolerances of the driving coupling and the driven coupling are measured and calculated using the motor shaft shoulder as a reference component, and calibrated according to their form and position tolerance data. Since there are manufacturing precision issues with the driving coupling and the driven coupling, the driving shaft is used as a reference component when measuring the form and position tolerance data of the driven shaft. This application provides a measurement benchmark for measuring the form and position tolerances of shaft parts in ordinary production workshops, which helps to improve the measurement accuracy and calibration accuracy of shaft parts, thereby improving the stability of power transmission between the driving shaft and the driven shaft.

[0020] The present invention provides a measuring tool for the form and position tolerances of shaft parts and a calibration method for shaft parts, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The measuring tool of this application is connected to the reference part by designing a base block and clamping ring that match the reference part. A detachable support block is set on the base block. A moving block is designed on the support block and slidably connected to the support block. A first adjusting block perpendicular to the moving block and a second adjusting block slidably connected to the first adjusting block are set on the moving block. A measuring rod with an adjustable extension length is set at the second end of the second adjusting block. The bottom end of the measuring rod measures the circumferential surface of the part to be measured to obtain the data of the form and position tolerance of the part to be measured. The structure of this application is simple, easy to operate and highly practical.

[0022] 2. By designing matching dovetail-shaped second grooves and second protrusions on the moving block and support block, and matching dovetail-shaped first grooves and first protrusions on the first and second adjusting blocks, and by setting a screw between the moving block, the first adjusting block, and the second adjusting block, the stability of the adjustment and measurement of the measuring tool of this application is improved. By designing the centerline of the support block to pass through the center of the shape matching the inner connecting part, the centerline of the first adjusting block to intersect the centerline of the support block, the second adjusting block to be opposite to the first adjusting block, and the centerline of the measuring rod to intersect the centerline of the second adjusting block, it is ensured that the centerline of the measuring rod will intersect the axis of the part to be measured, thereby making the measuring tool of this application highly accurate.

[0023] 3. Using the measuring tool of this application, the form and position tolerances of the driving coupling and the driven coupling are measured with the motor shaft shoulder as the reference piece, and the form and position tolerances of the driven shaft are measured with the driving shaft as the reference piece. The driving shaft is then calibrated based on its form and position tolerance data. This provides a measuring tool and a method for installing and calibrating the form and position tolerances of shaft parts suitable for general production workshops. This helps to improve the measurement accuracy and calibration accuracy of shaft parts, thereby improving the stability of power transmission between the driving shaft and the driven shaft. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To better understand the above and other objects, features, advantages, and functions of the present invention, reference can be made to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings refer to the same parts. Those skilled in the art should understand that the drawings are intended to schematically illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention in any way; the parts in the drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a measuring tool for the form and position tolerances of shaft parts according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the base block of a measuring tool for the form and position tolerances of shaft parts according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the support block for a measuring tool for the form and position tolerances of shaft parts according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the moving block of a measuring tool for the form and position tolerances of shaft parts according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first adjustment block of a measuring tool for the form and position tolerances of shaft parts according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second adjustment block of a measuring tool for the form and position tolerances of shaft parts according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the bearing end cap of a measuring tool for the form and position tolerances of shaft parts according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the bearing sleeve of a measuring tool for the form and position tolerances of shaft parts according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the screw structure of a measuring tool for the form and position tolerances of shaft parts according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 10 An installation state diagram is shown for a calibration method for a shaft component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 A test state diagram of a calibration method for a shaft component according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 12A diagram illustrating the tilt adjustment basis of a calibration method for a shaft-type component according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0038] 1. Base block; 11. Inner connecting part; 12. Outer connecting part; 13. Connecting groove; 14. Connecting hole; 21. Clamping ring; 22. First bolt; 31. Support block; 311. Second groove; 312. First hole; 313. Second hole; 32. Moving block; 321. First vertical section; 322. Second vertical section; 323. Third hole; 324. Fourth hole; 325. Fifth hole; 326. Second protrusion; 33. Third bolt; 41. First adjusting block; 411. First groove; 412. Fourth bolt; 413. Fifth Bolt; 414, sixth hole; 415, seventh hole; 42, second adjusting block; 421, first protrusion; 4211, mounting groove; 4212, first end; 4213, eighth hole; 422, ninth hole; 5, screw; 51, handwheel; 61, bearing end cover; 611, seventh bolt; 612, tenth hole; 62, bearing sleeve; 71, measuring gauge; 72, measuring rod; 73, sixth bolt; 8, degassing device; 91, motor shaft shoulder; 92, drive shaft; 93, drive coupling; 94, driven coupling; 95, driven shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, including various details of the embodiments to aid understanding, and should be considered merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. Similarly, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0040] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein signify open inclusion, i.e., "including but not limited to". Unless otherwise stated, the term "or" means "and / or". The term "based on" means "at least partially based on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment". The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". The terms "first", "second", etc., may refer to different or the same objects. Other explicit and implicit definitions may also be included below.

[0041] To at least partially solve one or more of the above-mentioned problems and other potential problems, one embodiment of this disclosure provides a measuring tool for the form and position tolerances of shaft parts, including a base block 1, a support block 31, an adjustment assembly, and a measuring tool; the base block 1 includes an inner connecting part 11 and an outer connecting part 12; the shape and size of the inner connecting part 11 match the shape and size of all or part of the outer peripheral surface of the reference part to be measured; a fixing member for connecting the base block 1 and the reference part is provided on the base block 1; the support block 31 is vertically arranged, the bottom end of the support block 31 is connected to the outer connecting part 12, and the centerline of the support block 31 passes through the center of the shape matching the inner connecting part 11; the adjustment assembly includes a first adjustment block 41, a second adjustment block 42, and a first adjustment block 43. The fasteners include: a first adjusting block 41 perpendicularly to a support block 31, the centerline of the first adjusting block 41 intersecting the centerline of the support block 31, and the first end of the first adjusting block 41 connected to the top end of the support block 31; a second adjusting block 42 extending in the same direction as the first adjusting block 41, the second adjusting block 42 being opposite to the first adjusting block 41, and the second adjusting block 42 and the first adjusting block 41 being slidably connected along the extension direction of the first adjusting block 41; a first fastener for fixing the first adjusting block 41 and the second adjusting block 42; and a measuring assembly including a measuring rod 72, the measuring rod 72 being vertically arranged, the centerline of the measuring rod 72 intersecting the centerline of the second adjusting block 42, and the measuring rod 72 being connected through to the second end of the second adjusting block 42.

[0042] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the base block 1 includes an inner connecting part 11 and an outer connecting part 12. The shape and size of the inner connecting part 11 match the shape and size of the entire or partial area of ​​the outer peripheral surface of the reference part to be measured. In this embodiment, both the inner connecting part 11 and the outer connecting part 12 are arc surfaces, and the base block 1 is fan-shaped. The fan angle α of the base block 1 ranges from 90 to 180 degrees, and the diameter of the inner connecting part 11 is equal to the outer diameter of the reference part. The base block 1 is provided with a fixing member for connecting the base block 1 and the reference part. In this embodiment, the fixing member is a clamping ring 21 and a first bolt 22. The size of the clamping ring 21 matches the size of the outer connecting part 12. Preferably, the inner diameter of the clamping ring 21 is equal to the diameter of the outer connecting part 12. Preferably, there are two clamping rings 21, which are respectively provided on both sides of the outer connecting part 12 along the axial direction. The clamping ring 21 and the outer connecting part 12 are coaxially fixedly connected. The bottom end of the clamping ring 21 is an open structure, and the first bolt 22 is provided between the two ends of the open structure of the clamping ring 21 to realize the opening or closing of the clamping ring 21.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the support block 31 is vertically arranged and extends along the vertical direction. The centerline of the support block 31 passes through the center of the inner connecting part 11, which matches the shape of the inner connecting part 11. The bottom end of the support block 31 is connected to the outer connecting part 12. Preferably, the support block 31 is detachably connected to the base block 1. In this embodiment, a first hole 312 is provided on the bottom surface of the support block 31. A connecting groove 13 is provided on the base block 1 from the outer connecting part 12 along the vertical direction downward. The size and shape of the connecting groove 13 are adapted to the size and shape of the bottom end of the support block 31. A degassing 8 is provided at the connection between the bottom surface and the side surface of the connecting groove 13. The bottom end of the support block 31 is inserted into the connecting groove 13. A connecting hole 14 is provided on the base block 1 from the inner connecting part 11 along the vertical direction. The connecting hole 14 communicates with the connecting groove 13. A second bolt is installed in the connecting hole 14. The second bolt passes through the connecting hole 14, passes through the first hole 312, and is threadedly connected to the first hole 312.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, a movable block 32 and a second fixing member are provided on the support block 31; the movable block 32 includes a first vertical segment 321 and a second vertical segment 322, the side of the bottom end of the first vertical segment 321 is fixedly connected to the side of the top end of the second vertical segment 322, and an air vent 8 is provided at the connection point, so that the top of the movable block 32 is L-shaped. The extension direction of the first vertical segment 321 and the second vertical segment 322 is the same as the extension direction of the support block 31. The second vertical segment 322 is arranged opposite to the support block 31, that is, the centerline of the movable block 32 is opposite to the centerline of the support block 31. The second vertical segment 322 is arranged along the support block. The extension direction of 31 is slidably connected to the support block 31. In this embodiment, a second protrusion 326 is fixedly provided at the middle of the side of the second vertical segment 322 facing the support block 31, along the extension direction of the moving block 32. A second groove 311 is opened at the middle of the support block 31 along the extension direction of the support block 31. The second groove 311 matches the second protrusion 326. The second protrusion 326 is located in the second groove 311 and is slidably connected to the second groove 311 along the extension direction of the second groove 311. Preferably, the cross-sections of the second groove 311 and the second protrusion 326 along their vertical extension direction are both dovetail-shaped. Figure 3 Angle b and Figure 4 All angles c in the figure are acute angles; the second fixing member is used to fix the support block 31 and the moving block 32. In this embodiment, the second fixing member is the third bolt 33. The third bolt 33 passes through the second hole 313 of the support block 31, passes through the second protrusion 326, and is threadedly connected to the second protrusion 326.

[0045] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the first adjusting block 41 extends horizontally and is perpendicular to the support block 31. The centerline of the first adjusting block 41 intersects the centerline of the support block 31. The first end of the first adjusting block 41 is connected to the top end of the support block 31. In some embodiments, the first end of the first adjusting block 41 is connected to the support block 31 by connecting to the moving block 32 near the top end. That is, the first end of the first adjusting block 41 is provided with a vertical fourth bolt 412. The fourth bolt 412 passes through the sixth hole 414 of the first adjusting block 41, passes through the third hole 323 on the top surface of the second vertical section 322, and is threadedly connected to the third hole 323. The end face of the first end of the first adjusting block 41 overlaps with the side of the first vertical section 321.

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the longitudinal section of the second adjusting block 42 is L-shaped, and a degassing 8 is provided at its corner; the extension direction of the second adjusting block 42 is the same as the extension direction of the first adjusting block 41, the second adjusting block 42 and the first adjusting block 41 are arranged opposite to each other, and the second adjusting block 42 and the first adjusting block 41 are slidably connected along the extension direction of the first adjusting block 41. In this embodiment, a first groove 411 along the extension direction of the first adjusting block 41 is provided in the middle of the top surface of the first adjusting block 41, and a first protrusion 421 along the extension direction of the second adjusting block 42 is fixedly provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the second adjusting block 42. The first protrusion 421 matches the first groove 411, the first protrusion 421 is located in the first groove 411, and is slidably connected with the first groove 411 along its extension direction. Preferably, the cross sections of the first groove 411 and the first protrusion 421 along their vertical extension direction are both dovetail-shaped. Figure 5 The angle d in Figure 6 All angles e in the equation are acute angles; a fifth bolt 413 and a seventh hole 415 are provided on the side of the first adjusting block 41, the fifth bolt 413 passes through the seventh hole 415 and abuts against the side of the second adjusting block 42.

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figures 4 to 9As shown, in some embodiments, a screw 5 is provided near the top of the movable block 32. The extension direction of the screw 5 is the same as the extension direction of the first adjusting block 41. The axis of the screw 5 is vertically opposite to the center line of the second adjusting block 42. One end of the screw 5 is rotatably connected to the movable block 32 near the top, and the screw 5 is threadedly connected to the second adjusting block 42. In this embodiment, a bearing is fixedly provided on the first vertical section 321 near the top of the movable block 32. The bearing includes a bearing end cover 61 and a bearing sleeve 62. A horizontally penetrating fourth hole 324 and a fifth hole 325 around the fourth hole 324 are provided on the first vertical section 321. A seventh bolt 611 and a tenth hole 612 are provided on the bearing end cover 61. The seventh bolt 611 passes through the tenth hole 612, passes through the fifth hole 325, and is threadedly connected to the fifth hole 325, so that... The bearing end cap 61 is fixedly connected in the fourth hole 324; the bearing sleeve 62 is coaxially rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bearing end cap 61, the diameter of the inner ring of the bearing sleeve 62 is equal to the diameter of the screw 5, and one end of the screw 5 is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing; the first protrusion 421 is provided with an installation groove 4211 extending from the first end 4212 of the first protrusion 421 along the extension direction of the first protrusion 421, so that the first end of the first protrusion 421 has the first end 4212, and a horizontally penetrating eighth hole 4213 is provided at the first end 4212, the eighth hole 4213 communicates with the installation groove 4211, the screw 5 is simultaneously inserted into the first groove 411 and the installation groove 4211, and passes through the eighth hole 4213, and is threadedly connected to the eighth hole 4213; the first end of the screw 5 is coaxially fixedly connected to a handwheel 51.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the measuring assembly includes a measuring gauge 71 and a measuring rod 72. The measuring gauge 71 is a dial indicator, micrometer, or digital display. The measuring rod 72 is used in conjunction with the measuring gauge 71. The measuring rod 72 is vertically positioned, and its centerline intersects with the centerline of the second adjusting block 42. The measuring rod 72 is connected through the second end of the second adjusting block 42. In some embodiments, the measuring rod 72 and the second end of the second adjusting block 42 are slidably connected in the vertical direction. A horizontal sixth bolt 73 is provided on the second end face of the second adjusting block 42. The sixth bolt 73 passes through the second end of the second adjusting block 42 and is threadedly connected to the second adjusting block 42, abutting against the measuring rod 72.

[0049] This invention also discloses a calibration method for shaft-like components, comprising the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Using any of the above-mentioned measuring tools for the form and position tolerances of shaft parts, with the motor shaft shoulder 91 as the reference piece, measure the straightness and radial runout of the drive coupling 93, and calculate the coaxiality and concentricity of the drive coupling 93 relative to the reference piece using mathematical analysis methods; if the straightness, radial runout, coaxiality, and concentricity do not meet the relevant technical requirements, the drive coupling 93 can be determined to be a defective product; if the straightness, radial runout, coaxiality, and concentricity meet the relevant technical requirements, but there are installation errors, calibrate the radial runout of the drive coupling 93 according to the radial runout data and the diagonal principle, or calibrate the coaxiality of the drive coupling 93 according to the straightness data;

[0051] Specifically, S1: such as Figure 10 As shown, using the motor shaft shoulder 91 of the motor as a reference, the measuring tool of this application with a base block 1 that matches the motor shaft shoulder 91 is selected. The clamping ring 21 is installed on the motor shaft shoulder 91 by the first bolt 22; the position of the moving block 32 on the support block 31 is adjusted and fixed by the third bolt 33 so that the total height of the moving block 32 and the support block 31 is appropriate; the fifth bolt 413 is loosened, the handwheel 51 is rotated so that the second adjusting block 42 slides above the active coupling 93; the measuring rod 72 is installed on the second adjusting block 42 and the measuring rod 72 is adjusted so that its bottom end overlaps with the circumferential surface of the active coupling 93, and the sixth bolt 73 is tightened.

[0052] S2: Rotate handwheel 51, and measuring rod 72 measures from point A1 to point A2. During this process, the data difference on measuring table 71 changes according to the straightness of the generatrix of the active coupling 93 in the A1-A2 segment. Then, the coaxiality of the active coupling 93 relative to the reference part is calculated according to the envelope method, least squares method, or polar coordinate method. Further, the active coupling 93 is rotated multiple times by a certain degree. In this embodiment, a rotation of 90 degrees is selected. The straightness of different generatrixes of the active coupling 93 is measured respectively. Then, the coaxiality of the active coupling 93 and the reference part is calculated according to the envelope method, least squares method, or polar coordinate method.

[0053] S3: Keeping handwheel 51 stationary, rotate the drive coupling 93 360 degrees. During this process, the change in the data difference on the measuring table 71 indicates the radial runout of the circumferential surface of the drive coupling 93 at that point. The concentricity of the circumferential surface relative to the reference part at that point is then calculated using the envelope method, least squares method, or polar coordinate method. Further, rotate handwheel 51 multiple times and measure the radial runout of the circumferential surface of the drive coupling 93 at different point cross-sections. Then, calculate the concentricity or coaxiality of the drive coupling 93 with the reference part using the envelope method, least squares method, or polar coordinate method.

[0054] S4: When installation errors exist, such as Figure 11As shown, the reading at point A is obtained from the measuring instrument 71, and the reading at point B is obtained by rotating the drive coupling 93 180 degrees. The difference between the readings at points A and B is Δt1. Therefore, the parameter value for calibration and adjustment on the radial AB is Δt1 / 2. Then, the drive coupling 93 is rotated counterclockwise to 90° to obtain the reading at point C, and then rotated 180° to obtain the reading at point D. The difference between the readings at points C and D is Δt2. Therefore, the parameter value for calibration and adjustment on the radial CD is Δt2 / 2.

[0055] S5: As Figure 12 As shown, a straightness data change graph is plotted based on the straightness data of the drive coupling 93. The displacement is used as the horizontal axis and the numerical change value is used as the vertical axis. The straight line AM is fitted by the least squares method. The angle between the straight line AM and the horizontal axis is reflected as the angle between the axis of the drive coupling 93 and the axis of the drive shaft 92. The motor is adjusted based on this angle.

[0056] Step 2: Using any of the above-mentioned measuring tools for the form and position tolerances of shaft parts, with the motor shaft shoulder 91 as the reference piece, measure the straightness and radial runout of the driven coupling 94, and calculate the coaxiality and concentricity of the driven coupling 94 relative to the reference piece using mathematical analysis methods; if the straightness, radial runout, coaxiality, and concentricity do not meet the relevant technical requirements, the driven coupling 94 can be determined as a defective product; if the straightness, radial runout, coaxiality, and concentricity meet the relevant technical requirements; when there is an installation error, calibrate the radial runout of the driven coupling 94 according to the radial runout data and the diagonal principle, or calibrate the coaxiality of the driven coupling 94 according to the straightness data;

[0057] Specifically, rotate handwheel 51, move second adjusting block 42, and the bottom end of measuring rod 72 overlaps with the circumferential surface of driven coupling 94. Similar to S2 and S3 in step 1, measure the straightness of the generatrix B1 to B2 of driven coupling 94 and the radial runout of the circumferential surface at a certain point of the driven coupling 94. When there is an installation error, calibrate driven coupling 94 according to the straightness and radial runout data of driven coupling 94, similar to S4 and S5 in step 1.

[0058] Step 3: Using the drive shaft 92 as a reference, measure the straightness and radial runout of the driven shaft 95, and calculate the coaxiality and concentricity of the driven shaft 95 relative to the drive shaft 92 using mathematical analysis methods; when there is an installation error, adjust the drive shaft 92 horizontally, vertically, or by tilting it according to the straightness or radial runout data of the driven shaft 95 or the driven coupling 94 in Step 2.

[0059] Specifically, using the measuring tools of this application or existing technology, with the drive shaft 92 as the reference, the straightness and radial runout of the driven shaft 95 are measured; when there is an installation error, based on the radial runout data of the driven shaft 95, the drive shaft 92 is adjusted horizontally or vertically, similar to step S4 in step 1; based on the straightness of the driven shaft 95 or the driven coupling 94 in step 2, the drive shaft 92 is adjusted in tilt angle, similar to step S5 in step 1.

[0060] The various embodiments of this disclosure have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or technical improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand this document.

Claims

1. A measuring tool for the form and position tolerances of shaft-type parts, characterized in that: Includes a base block (1), a support block (31), an adjustment assembly, and a measurement assembly; The base block (1) includes an inner connecting part (11) and an outer connecting part (12); the shape and size of the inner connecting part (11) match the shape and size of the entire or partial area of ​​the outer peripheral surface of the reference part to be measured; the base block (1) is provided with a fastener for connecting the base block (1) and the reference part; The support block (31) is vertically arranged, and its bottom end is connected to the outer connecting part (12). The center line of the support block (31) passes through the center of the inner connecting part (11) with a matching shape. A movable block (32) and a second fixing member are provided on the support block (31). The extension direction of the movable block (32) is the same as that of the support block (31). The movable block (32) is arranged opposite to the support block (31). The movable block (32) is slidably connected to the support block (31) along the extension direction of the support block (31). The middle part of the movable block (32) is fixed. A second protrusion (326) is provided along the extension direction of the movable block (32), and a second groove (311) is provided in the middle of the support block (31) along the extension direction of the support block (31). The second protrusion (326) is located in the second groove (311) and is slidably connected to the second groove (311) along the extension direction of the second groove (311). The cross-sections of the second groove (311) and the second protrusion (326) along their vertical extension direction are both dovetail-shaped. The second fixing member is used to fix the support block (31) and the movable block (32). The adjustment assembly includes a first adjustment block (41), a second adjustment block (42), and a first fixing member; the first adjustment block (41) is perpendicular to the support block (31), the center line of the first adjustment block (41) intersects the center line of the support block (31), and the first end of the first adjustment block (41) is connected to the moving block (32) near the top; the extension direction of the second adjustment block (42) is the same as the extension direction of the first adjustment block (41), the second adjustment block (42) is opposite to the first adjustment block (41), and the second adjustment block (42) and the first adjustment block (41) are slidably connected along the extension direction of the first adjustment block (41); the first adjustment block (41) has a first groove (411) in the middle along the extension direction of the first adjustment block (41), and the second adjustment block (42) has a fixed groove (411) in the middle along the extension direction of the second adjustment block (41). 2) A first protrusion (421) extending in the direction of extension, the first protrusion (421) is located in the first groove (411) and is slidably connected to the first groove (411) along its extension direction; the first protrusion (421) is provided with a mounting groove (4211) extending along the first protrusion (421) from the first end (4212) near the first end of the first protrusion (421); the screw (5) passes through both the first groove (411) and the mounting groove (4211), and passes through the first end (4212) of the first protrusion (421) and is threadedly connected to the first end (4212) of the first protrusion (421); the cross sections of the first groove (411) and the first protrusion (421) along their vertical extension direction are both dovetail-shaped; the first fixing member is used to fix the first adjusting block (41) and the second adjusting block (42); A screw (5) is provided near the top of the movable block (32). The extension direction of the screw (5) is the same as that of the first adjusting block (41). The axis of the screw (5) is vertically opposite to the center line of the second adjusting block (42). One end of the screw (5) is rotatably connected to the movable block (32) near the top. The screw (5) is threadedly connected to the second adjusting block (42). The measuring component includes a measuring gauge (71) and a measuring rod (72). The measuring rod (72) is used in conjunction with the measuring gauge (71). The measuring rod (72) is set vertically, and the center line of the measuring rod (72) intersects with the center line of the second adjusting block (42). The measuring rod (72) is connected through to the second end of the second adjusting block (42).

2. The measuring tool for form and position tolerances of shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable block (32) is fixedly equipped with a bearing near its top end, and one end of the screw (5) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing.

3. The measuring tool for form and position tolerances of shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring rod (72) is slidably connected to the second end of the second adjusting block (42) in the vertical direction; a sixth bolt (73) is provided at the second end of the second adjusting block (42), the sixth bolt (73) passes through the second end of the second adjusting block (42) and is threadedly connected to the second adjusting block (42) and abuts against the measuring rod (72).

4. The measuring tool for form and position tolerances of shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fasteners are a clamping ring (21) and a first bolt (22); the clamping ring (21) is fixedly mounted on the outer connecting part (12), and the size of the clamping ring (21) matches the size of the outer connecting part (12); the bottom end of the clamping ring (21) is an open structure, and the first bolt (22) is located between the two ends of the open structure of the clamping ring (21).

5. The measuring tool for form and position tolerances of shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support block (31) is detachably connected to the base block (1).

6. A calibration method for shaft-type components, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Using any one of the form and position tolerance measuring tools for shaft parts according to claims 1 to 5, with the motor shaft shoulder (91) as the reference part, measure the straightness and radial runout of the active coupling (93), and calculate the coaxiality and concentricity of the active coupling (93) relative to the reference part according to the mathematical analysis method; if the straightness, radial runout, coaxiality and concentricity do not meet the relevant technical requirements, the active coupling (93) can be determined to be a defective product; if the straightness, radial runout, coaxiality and concentricity meet the relevant technical requirements, but there is an installation error, the radial runout of the active coupling (93) is calibrated according to the radial runout data and the diagonal principle, or the coaxiality of the active coupling (93) is calibrated according to the straightness data of the active coupling (93); Step 2: Using any one of the form and position tolerance measuring tools for shaft parts according to claims 1 to 5, with the motor shaft shoulder (91) as the reference part, measure the straightness and radial runout of the driven coupling (94), and calculate the coaxiality and concentricity of the driven coupling (94) relative to the reference part according to the mathematical analysis method; if the straightness, radial runout, coaxiality and concentricity do not meet the relevant technical requirements, the driven coupling (94) can be determined to be a defective product; if the straightness, radial runout, coaxiality and concentricity meet the relevant technical requirements, but there is an installation error, the radial runout of the driven coupling (94) is calibrated according to the radial runout data and the diagonal principle, or the coaxiality of the driven coupling (94) is calibrated according to the straightness data of the driven coupling (94); Step 3: Using the drive shaft (92) as a reference, measure the straightness and radial runout of the driven shaft (95), and calculate the coaxiality and concentricity of the driven shaft (95) relative to the drive shaft (92) according to the mathematical analysis method; when there is an installation error, adjust the drive shaft (92) horizontally, vertically, or tilt according to the straightness or radial runout data of the driven shaft (95) or the driven coupling (94) in step 2.

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