Cable connector system

Abstract

A cable connector system includes a cable that includes a center conductor and a housing that supports a portion of the center conductor. An imaginary line divides a cross-section of the center conductor into two semicircles, and only one of the two semicircles directly connects a corresponding contact of a mating connector when the cable connector is mated with the mating connector.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the invention patent application filed on July 11, 2019, with application number 201980044835.8 (international application number PCT / US2019 / 041356) and title "Cable Connector System".

[0002] Cross-reference to related applications

[0003] This application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 62 / 697,014, filed July 12, 2018; U.S. Patent Application No. 62 / 728,278, filed September 7, 2018; U.S. Patent Application No. 62 / 704,025, filed October 9, 2018; U.S. Patent Application No. 62 / 704,052, filed January 28, 2019; U.S. Patent Application No. 62 / 813,102, filed March 3, 2019; and U.S. Patent Application No. 62 / 840,731, filed April 30, 2019, all of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes, as if they were set forth in their entirety herein. Background of the Invention

[0004] 1. Field of Invention

[0005] This invention relates to connector systems. More specifically, this invention relates to connector systems that facilitate data throughput through a panel of a rack unit (RU) of at least 15 TB / s, wherein 1 RU is equal to 1.75 inches or 44.45 mm and is 19 inches or 482.6 mm wide in another direction.

[0006] 2. Description of relevant prior art

[0007] Up to seventy-two SFP+ ports can be mounted within a 1RU panel area of ​​approximately 352.75 mm × 41 mm (or 144.6 cm²). The corresponding throughput is 720 Gb / s. Up to seventy-two zSFP+ ports can be mounted within a 1RU panel area. The corresponding throughput is 1.8 Tb / s. Up to thirty-six quad-channel small form factor (QSFP) 28 ports can be mounted within a 1RU panel area. The corresponding throughput is 3.6 Tb / s. Up to thirty-six QSFP 56 ports can be mounted within a 1RU panel area. The corresponding throughput is 7.2 Tb / s. Up to seventy-two micro quad-channel small form factor (microQSFP) ports can be mounted within a 1RU panel area. The corresponding throughput is 14.4 Tb / s. Up to seventy-two SFP-DD ports can be mounted within a 1RU panel area. The corresponding throughput is 7.2 Tb / s. Up to thirty-six QSFP-DD ports can be mounted within a 1RU panel area. The corresponding throughput is 14.4 Tb / second. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Embodiments of the present invention facilitate throughputs of at least 15 Tb / s, at least 20 Tb / s, at least 25 Tb / s, at least 30 Tb / s, at least 35 Tb / s, at least 37.5 Tb / s, at least 40 Tb / s, at least 45 Tb / s, and at least 50 Tb / s across various 1RU panel areas. The throughput of 37.5 Tb / s or 50 Tb / s is more than twice the throughput of the prior art (14.4 Tb / s).

[0009] Various independent embodiments of the present invention may include: a cable connector that can be orthogonally connected to a mating connector such as a board connector; a board connector with a spring-loaded grounding blade that is electrically connected to the connector shield of a corresponding cable connector; a connector system that may each include a board connector and a mating cable connector positioned on opposite sides of a die package; and a first electrical panel connector that can carry up to thirty-two It can operate with 1 differential signal pair or at least 32 differential signal pairs, but with an insertion loss of 0 dB to -0.5 dB when passing through 56 GHz NRZ and 112 GHz PAM4 at frequencies up to and including 28 GHz; with a return loss of less than -15 dB when passing through 56 GHz NRZ and 112 GHz PAM4 at frequencies up to and including 30 GHz; or with a frequency domain near-end crosstalk of less than -50 dB when passing through 56 GHz NRZ and 112 GHz PAM4 at frequencies up to and including 30 GHz.

[0010] Embodiments of the present invention provide a cable connector system that allows cable connectors to connect to board connectors in a stacked or nested configuration while reducing the required footprint and stack height of the board connectors. For example, embodiments of the present invention can be used in connector groups located on one or both opposing surfaces of a die package substrate. Embodiments of the present invention can be used to co-transmit at least 37.5 terabytes per second of data over a standard 70 mm × 70 mm die package with frequency domain crosstalk of -40 dB or better. On larger die packages, such as 120 mm × 120 mm, 145 mm × 145 mm, 150 mm × 150 mm, or other die packages larger than 70 mm × 70 mm, the data throughput can be at least 50 Tb / s. Embodiments of the present invention can have a height measured from the mounting surface of the PCB to the top surface of any of the board connectors described herein ranging from about 1.5 mm to about 6 mm.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the cable includes a first cable conductor defining a first mating end, a second cable conductor defining a second mating end, and an insert carrying the first and second cable conductors. The first mating end defines a first contact surface, the second mating end defines a second contact surface, the first contact surface is configured to be electrically connected to a first electrical contact, and the second contact surface is configured to be electrically connected to a second electrical contact. The first and second contact surfaces may face opposite directions.

[0012] The first cable conductor and the second cable conductor can define a differential signal pair. The cable connector may further include a dielectric layer that at least partially surrounds the first cable conductor and the second cable conductor. The cable connector may further include a cable shield that at least partially surrounds the dielectric layer.

[0013] A first center line can divide the cross-section of the first mating end of the first cable conductor into a first semicircle and a second semicircle, and the first semicircle may be without plastic and defines a first contact surface. A second center line can divide the cross-section of the second mating end of the second cable conductor into a third semicircle and a fourth semicircle, and the fourth semicircle may be without plastic and defines a second contact surface.

[0014] The first center line can divide the cross-section of the first mating end of the first cable conductor into a first semicircle and a second semicircle; the second center line can divide the cross-section of the second mating end of the second cable conductor into a third semicircle and a fourth semicircle; and the first semicircle may be without plastic, the fourth semicircle may be without plastic, and the second and third semicircles may be located between the first and fourth semicircles.

[0015] The center line can divide the cross-section of the first mating end of the first cable conductor into a first semicircle and a second semicircle, and divide the cross-section of the second mating end of the second cable conductor into a third semicircle and a fourth semicircle; and the first semicircle may be without plastic, the third semicircle may be without plastic, the first contact surface may be away from the second semicircle, and the second contact surface may be away from the third semicircle.

[0016] The first mating end may not have cable shielding. The second mating end may not have cable shielding. The first contact surface may be a single contact surface. The second contact surface may be a single contact surface.

[0017] The cable connector may further include a connector shield carried by an insert. The connector shield may define a groove, and the groove may be configured to receive the cable shield. The connector shield may define a slot, and the slot may be configured to receive a grounding blade of the mating connector.

[0018] The insert may define teeth. The insert may define a first hole and a second hole adjacent to the base. The teeth may define the base and a transverse member positioned perpendicular to the base. The base may define a first base recess adjacent to the first hole, and the first hole and the first base recess may receive a first mating end of a first cable conductor. The base may define a second base recess adjacent to the second hole, and the second hole and the second base recess may receive a second mating end of a second cable conductor.

[0019] The first and second conductors can be portions of shielded co-extruded biaxial cable with a wire gauge of 34AWG to 36AWG. Alternatively, the first and second conductors can be portions of shielded co-extruded biaxial cable with a wire gauge of 28AWG to 30AWG.

[0020] The cable connector can be arranged to be nested within the mating connector when mating with it.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the invention, a cable connector includes a cable; an insert including an insert body defining a hole and teeth adjacent to the hole, wherein the teeth extend away from the insert body; and a connector shield connected to the insert. A first mating end of a first cable conductor and a second mating end of a second cable conductor extend through corresponding holes such that the first and second mating ends of the respective first and second cable conductors are supported by the teeth.

[0022] The cable may include cable shielding; the connector shielding may include a groove; and the cable shielding may be connected to a corresponding groove.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a board connector includes a board connector housing, a ground plane carried by the board connector housing, and an electrical contact carried by the board connector housing, wherein the electrical contact makes electrical contact only with one semicircular side of the corresponding mating cable conductor.

[0024] The ground plane may include at least one ground plane arm extending into a hole in the board connector housing. The ground plane may include at least one slot. The ground plane may include at least one hole.

[0025] The board connector may further include a ground blade that is electrically connected to a ground plane. The ground blade may include a tail, legs, and a spring; and the tail may extend through the board connector housing, and the spring may be configured to be electrically connected to the cable shield of the mating cable connector.

[0026] The ground plane may include a grounding arm extending below the electrical contact head. The ground plane and the board connector housing may each define a right-angled shape. The electrical contact may be configured for surface mounting to a substrate.

[0027] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a board connector includes: a board connector housing including a second connector mating interface and a first connector mating interface, the second connector mating interface accommodating a second cable connector, the first connector mating interface accommodating a first cable connector, the first cable connector being stacked on top of the second cable connector; a grounding blade extending into both the first connector mating interface and the second connector mating interface; and a first pair of electrical contacts between two adjacent grounding blades, the first pair of electrical contacts directly contacting a corresponding one of a first cable conductor and a second cable conductor of the first cable connector; and a second pair of electrical contacts directly contacting a corresponding one of a first cable conductor and a second cable conductor of the second cable connector.

[0028] The board connector may further include a first ground plane located in the second connector mating interface and a second ground plane located in the first connector mating interface.

[0029] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a cable connector system includes a board connector, a first cable connector, and a second cable connector. The first cable connector includes a first insert connected to a first cable, and the second cable connector includes a second insert connected to a second cable. The first cable connector and the second cable connector are connected to the board connector, wherein the first cable connector is stacked on top of the second cable connector.

[0030] When the board connector is connected to the substrate, a portion of each first cable adjacent to the first insert may extend parallel to or substantially parallel to the main surface of the substrate, and a portion of each second cable adjacent to the second insert may extend parallel to or substantially parallel to the main surface of the substrate.

[0031] The first insert may include a hole and teeth, in which corresponding first and second conductors of the first cable are positioned. The teeth support corresponding first and second mating ends of the first and second conductors of the first cable. The second insert may also include a hole and teeth, in which corresponding first and second conductors of the second cable are positioned. The teeth support corresponding first and second mating ends of the first and second conductors of the second cable.

[0032] The board connector may include electrical contacts that are directly connected to corresponding first and second mating ends of the first and second cable conductors of the first and second cables. The electrical contacts may be directly connected to only one side of the corresponding first and second mating ends along the length of the first and second cable conductors of the first and second cables.

[0033] The board connector may include a grounding blade extending between the first and second cables such that a corresponding grounding blade is on each side of each of the first and second cables. The board connector may also include a first ground plane extending below the first cable connector and a second ground plane extending below the second cable connector.

[0034] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a die package includes a substrate defining a first package surface and a second package surface opposite to the first package surface; a die located on the first package surface; a first electrical connector located on the first package surface; and a second electrical connector located on the second package surface. The first and second electrical connectors each carry differential signal pairs and are both electrically connected to the die.

[0035] The die package may further include a pad field on the second package surface.

[0036] The first electrical connector may be a connector system, each of which includes a board connector and a cable connector; the cable connector may include a first conductor defining a first mating end, a second conductor defining a second mating end, and an insert carrying the first and second conductors; and the first mating end may define a first contact surface, the second mating end may define a second contact surface, the first contact surface may be configured to be electrically connected to a first electrical contact, and the second contact surface may be configured to be electrically connected to a second electrical contact.

[0037] Both the first and second electrical connectors can be board connectors, each accommodating at least one corresponding cable connector, wherein the at least one corresponding cable connector can be attached to one end of a cable, and the first electrical board connector can be attached to the other end of the cable. The first and second electrical connectors can include a total of at least 513 differential signal pairs, at least 600 differential signal pairs, at least 700 differential signal pairs, at least 800 differential signal pairs, at least 900 differential signal pairs, at least 1000 differential signal pairs, or at least 1024 differential signal pairs.

[0038] According to one embodiment of the invention, the cable assembly includes at least thirty-two biaxial cables, each of which includes a first conductor and a second conductor, defining a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, and having a wire gauge of 34AWG to 36AWG; at least four rows of electrical contact pairs connected to the respective first ends of the at least thirty-two biaxial cables, each of the at least four rows of electrical contact pairs including at least eight differential signal pairs; and a first electrical panel connector connected to the respective second ends of the at least thirty-two biaxial cables, the first electrical panel connector including thirty-two differential signal pairs. The cable assembly is sized and shaped such that when the cable assembly is stacked vertically with another cable assembly, the cable assembly fits within a 1RU panel with a height of 1.75 inches.

[0039] The cable assembly may not require a printed circuit board. The first electrical panel connector does not need to house a printed circuit board.

[0040] The cable connector assembly system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes thirty-two cable assemblies, which are adaptable to areas of 212 square centimeters, 206 square centimeters, 200 square centimeters, and 194 square centimeters. The thirty-two cable assemblies can carry at least 1024 cables.

[0041] According to one embodiment of the invention, a method includes using copper cables to transmit at least 15 terabytes per second over an area of ​​approximately 143 square centimeters of a 1RU panel.

[0042] According to one embodiment of the invention, a method includes using copper cables to transmit at least 16 terabytes per second to 37.5 terabytes per second over an area of ​​approximately 168 square centimeters of a 1RU panel.

[0043] According to one embodiment of the invention, a method includes using copper cables to transmit at least 38 terabytes per second over an area of ​​approximately 192 square centimeters of a 1RU panel.

[0044] According to one embodiment of the invention, a method includes using copper cables to transmit at least 50 terabytes per second over an area of ​​approximately 192 square centimeters of a 1RU panel.

[0045] The above and other features, elements, characteristics, steps and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of various embodiments thereof, with reference to the accompanying drawings. Brief description of the attached diagram

[0046] Figure 1 and Figure 2 A connector system including a board connector and two cable connectors according to a first embodiment is shown.

[0047] Figure 3 and Figure 4 It shows Figure 1 Board connector.

[0048] Figure 5 It shows Figure 3 The board connector housing.

[0049] Figure 6 and Figure 7 Partial assembly is shown. Figure 3 Board connector.

[0050] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 A close-up view of the connector system.

[0051] Figure 9 It shows that it can be used with Figure 5 The grounding knife is used together with the board connector housing.

[0052] Figure 10 It shows that it can be used with Figure 5 The ground plane is used together with the board connector housing.

[0053] Figure 11 and Figure 12 It shows that it can be used with Figure 5 Contacts used together with board connector housings.

[0054] Figure 13 and Figure 14 One end of a cable connector with an insert is shown.

[0055] Figure 15 and Figure 16 Partial assembly is shown. Figure 13 Cable connectors.

[0056] Figure 17 and Figure 18 It shows that it can be used with Figure 13 Inserts used with cable connectors.

[0057] Figure 19 It shows that it can be used with Figure 13Connector shielding used with cable connectors.

[0058] Figure 20 It shows that it can be used with Figure 13 Cables used with cable connectors.

[0059] Figure 21 It shows Figure 1 The diagram shows a close-up of the teeth and contacts of the cable connector system.

[0060] Figure 22 It shows Figure 20 The cross-section of the cable shown has had its shield and sheath removed for clarity.

[0061] Figure 23 This is a perspective side view of the connector system according to the second embodiment.

[0062] Figure 24 yes Figure 23 The side view of the connector system shown.

[0063] Figure 25 It shows Figure 23 and Figure 24 The cable connector shown.

[0064] Figure 26 It shows in Figures 23 to 25 The insert used in the cable connector shown.

[0065] Figure 27 It shows Figure 23 The wafer shown.

[0066] Figure 28 yes Figure 20 and Figure 25 The cross-section of the cable shown has had its shield and sheath removed for clarity.

[0067] Figure 29 This is a top view of the die package.

[0068] Figure 30 yes Figure 29 The image shows a bottom perspective view of the die package.

[0069] Figure 31 This is a perspective side view of the die packaging and connector system according to the third embodiment.

[0070] Figure 32 This is a perspective side view of the first electrical panel connector.

[0071] Figure 33 This is the main view of the 1RU panel.

[0072] Figure 34 This is a perspective side view of the second electrical panel connector. Detailed Implementation

[0073] The connector system described herein may include a first connector and a mating second connector. A board connector may be the first connector; and the first cable connector, second cable connector, and third cable connector may be mating second connectors. Alternatively, the board connector may be a second mating connector; and the first cable connector, second cable connector, and third cable connector may be corresponding first connectors. The first cable connector, second cable connector, and third cable connector may include a cable including a first cable conductor and a second cable conductor. The cable assembly may include a cable and a first electrical panel connector having a first cable connector, a second cable connector, or a third cable connector connected to one end of the cable, the first electrical panel connector being attached to the other end of the cable.

[0074] Figure 1 A connector system 100 is shown, comprising a board connector 110, a first cable connector 120, a second cable connector 130, and multiple cables 140. The board connector 110 is attached to a suitable substrate (not shown), such as a printed circuit board. The board connector 110 may define a stepped shape, wherein a first connector mating interface 150 is offset from and raised relative to a second connector mating interface 160. The first board connector 110 may also be a right-angle connector.

[0075] First, the second cable connector 130 is connected to the board connector 110, and then the first cable connector 120 is connected to the board connector 110. The first cable connector 120 and the second cable connector 130 are connected to the board connector 110 by inserting them from an insertion / disconnection direction orthogonal to or substantially orthogonal within manufacturing tolerances to the main surface of the substrate, on which the board connector 110 is mounted. Alternatively, the second cable connector 130 may be rotated into a position in the second connector mating interface 160, and the first cable connector 120 may be rotated into a position in the first connector mating interface 150. When both the first cable connector 120 and the second cable connector 130 are electrically connected to the board connector 110, the first cable connector 130 may at least partially overlap with the second cable connector 130. Each of the first cable connector 120 and the second cable connector 130 may have a corresponding cable 140 attached thereto. Cable 140 can be a biaxial cable, coaxial cable, extruded biaxial cable, shielded cable, or any other suitable cable. In differential signaling applications, cable 140 can be a biaxial cable or a single coaxial cable. Cable 140 can be a differential signaling cable of 26AWG to 36AWG, such as 32AWG, 33AWG, 34AWG, 35AWG, or 36AWG. Individual coaxial cables can each have a smaller cross-sectional diameter / larger AWG.

[0076] Any cable 140 described herein may include an electrical insulator 142, a cable shield 144, and an outer non-conductive sheath 146, wherein the electrical insulator 142 at least partially surrounds the first conductor or the first cable conductor 190, the cable shield 144 at least partially surrounds the electrical insulator 142, and the outer non-conductive sheath 146 at least partially surrounds the cable shield 144.

[0077] The stacking arrangement of the first cable connector 120 and the second cable connector 130 enables a mating stacking height for the cable connector system. This stacking height is determined by the height H of the board connector housing of the board connector 110. For a single row of board connectors, the height H can be approximately 1.5 mm, and for two rows of board connectors, the height H can be approximately 3 mm. The portions of the cable 140 adjacent to the first cable connector 120 and the second cable connector 130 can extend parallel to or substantially parallel to the substrate within manufacturing tolerances, to which the board connector 110 is mounted. Although... Figure 1 A first cable connector 120 and a second cable connector 130 connected to board connector 110 are shown, but it is feasible to connect more than two cable connectors to the board connector, which would increase both the board connector's footprint and stacking height. For example, as Figure 1As shown, for a three-row board connector, the height H of the board connector housing of board connector 110 can be approximately 4.5 mm, and for a four-row board connector, the height H can be approximately 6 mm.

[0078] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a bottom view of connector system 100. It also shows a second cable connector 130, a cable 140, and a board connector mounting interface 170. The diagram further shows the mounting end of the grounding blade 320, the ground plane 330, and the mounting end of the electrical contact 340.

[0079] Figure 3 This is a top perspective view of board connector 110. Board connector 110 may include board connector housing 310, grounding blade 320, ground plane 330, and electrical contact 340. Board connector housing 310 may be made of any suitable dielectric material. Grounding blade 320, ground plane 330, and electrical contact 340 may be made of any suitable conductive material. Grounding blade 320, ground plane 330, and electrical contact 340 may be manufactured by stamping or any other suitable method.

[0080] Board connector 110 may include four or more grounding blades 320. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the two grounding switches can be located on the sidewall of cable 140 or on opposite sides of cable 140. Figure 3 As shown, board connector 110 may include two ground planes 330, one of which is directed to a respective first cable connector 120 and second cable connector 130. For each cable connected to board connector 110, board connector 110 may include two electrical contacts 340. Board connector 110 may include any number of grounding blades 320, any number of ground planes 330, and any number of electrical contacts 340, depending on the number of cables 140 in each first cable connector 120 and second cable connector 130. If each first cable connector 120 or second cable connector 130 has M cables 140, then board connector 110 may include M+1 grounding blades 320 to ensure that two grounding blades 320, oriented parallel to the cable 140, surround each cable 140 or are on the sidewall of each cable 140.

[0081] The grounding blade 320 can be used with both the first cable connector 120 and the second cable connector 130, but two separate grounding blades 320 can also be used for the first cable connector and the second cable connector, such that the board connector 110 includes 2*(M+1) grounding blades 320. If there are N first cable connectors 120 and second cable connectors 130, the board connector 110 may include N ground planes 330. If there are a total of P cables 140 in both the first cable connectors 120 and the second cable connectors 130, the board connector 110 may include 2*P electrical contacts 340, assuming each cable 140 is a biaxial cable with two center conductors. If the cable 140 is a coaxial cable with a single center conductor, the board connector 110 may include P electrical contacts 340.

[0082] Figure 4 This is a bottom perspective view of board connector 110. Board connector housing 310 defines opening 350 and grounding blade 320, ground plane 330, and electrical contacts protrude into or through opening 350.

[0083] Figure 5 The board connector housing 310 of the board connector 110 is shown, with conductive portions removed for clarity.

[0084] As discussed above, the board connector housing 310 may define an opening 350 for receiving a grounding blade, a ground plane, and electrical contacts. The board connector housing 310 may further define a protrusion 360 that engages with a corresponding hole defined by the ground plane. When the first cable connector 120 and the second cable connector 130 are connected to the board connector 110, the height H1 of the protrusion 360 in the board connector housing 310 may also be selected such that the protrusion 360 engages with a corresponding one of the first cable connector 120 and the second cable connector 130.

[0085] The board connector housing 310 may define the opening end 314 and the base plate 316. The first cable connector 120 and the second cable connector 130 (e.g.) Figure 1 (As shown) can be inserted into the board connector housing 310 in a direction orthogonal to both the opening end 314 and the base plate 316, or can be rotated toward the base plate. Both the opening end 314 and the base plate 316 can be parallel to the mounting base and extend perpendicular to or substantially perpendicular to the height H1 of the protrusion 360. The second connector mating interface 160 can be offset from the first connector mating interface 150 and can be at a higher height from the base plate 316 compared to the first connector mating interface 150. The opening end 314 allows the second cable connector 130 (as shown) to be inserted into the board connector housing 310 in a direction orthogonal to both the opening end 314 and the base plate 316, or can be rotated toward the base plate. Figure 8 (as shown) or electrical contact 340 in the first cable connector 120 (e.g. Figure 8(As shown) remains exposed after mating with the board connector housing 310. In other words, the electrical contact 340 is defined by only four walls, such as a base plate 316, a first parallel sidewall 318a and a second parallel sidewall 318b extending perpendicularly to the base plate 316, and a rear wall 319 extending perpendicularly to the base plate 316 and intersecting both the first parallel sidewall 318a and the second parallel sidewall 318b perpendicularly. Each of the first parallel sidewall 318a and the second parallel sidewall 318b may define a stepped shape or an L-shape.

[0086] Figure 6 A partially assembled board connector 110 is shown, equipped with only two grounding blades 320 and only four pairs of electrical contacts 340. As shown, the grounding blades 320 act as gap shields between adjacent pairs of electrical contacts 340 in one of the first connector mating interfaces 150 and the second connector mating interfaces 160. The grounding blades 320 and ground planes 330, such as the first ground plane 330a and the second ground plane 330b, can be arranged on three sides around the electrical contacts 340 and the first cable conductor 390 and the second cable conductor 392. Figure 8 As shown in the diagram, this arrangement is partially connected to cable 380 ( Figure 8 As shown in the diagram, the first cable conductor 390 and the second cable conductor 392 extend from each other. Figure 8 (As shown) is made of cable 380 ( Figure 7 Cable shield 382 (as shown) Figure 7 (As shown in the diagram) are completely surrounded. The grounding blade 320, ground plane 330, connector shield 375, and cable shield 383 can all be electrically connected together and can all be connected to ground or a reference. The interaction between the grounding blade 320 and the connector shield 375 also provides retention of the first and second cable conductors on the board connector 110 without additional active or passive latching.

[0087] Figure 7 A partially assembled connector system 100 is shown, wherein only the second cable connector 130 is connected to the board connector housing 310 of the board connector 110. A grounding blade 320 is electrically connected to the cable shield 382 of the cable 380. A ground plane 330 is located below the differential signal pair or below other paired electrical contacts 340 in the first connector mating interface 150. A connector shield 375 is carried by the second cable connector 130. The second cable connector 130 may also include an insert 370 that defines teeth 372.

[0088] Figure 8A first cable connector 120 and a second cable connector 130 are shown connected to a board connector 110. The board connector 110 may carry electrical contacts 340, such as differential signal pairs; a grounding switch 320; and a ground plane 330. Figure 8 (Not shown in the image). The first cable connector 120 may be flush with, recessed into, or extend beyond the first surface 315 of the board connector housing 310 of the board connector 110. The grounding blade 320 carried by the board connector housing 310 is positioned within a space 322 defined by adjacent protruding walls 332 of the respective connector shields 375 of the first and second cable connectors. The cable 380 is positioned within a recess 334 defined by adjacent protruding walls 332 of the respective connector shield 375, such that the cable shield 382 makes electrical contact with the recess 334 of the respective connector shield 375. The pattern of the protruding wall 332, grounding blade 320, cable 380, and grounding blade 320 may be repeated.

[0089] The insert 370 of the corresponding first cable connector 120 or second cable connector 130 may be made of a non-conductive material and may define teeth or one or more teeth 372. The insert 370 may carry the connector shield 375, the cable 380, the corresponding cable shield 382, ​​the corresponding first cable conductor 390 and the corresponding second cable conductor 392 of the corresponding cable 380, and the non-conductive material positioned between the corresponding first and second cable conductors 390, 392 and the corresponding cable shield 382. The first cable conductor 390 and the second cable conductor 392 are stripped and exposed and may both extend through the insert 370 and through the corresponding teeth 372, such that the teeth carry both the first cable conductor 390 and the second cable conductor 393. The first cable conductor 390 is electrically connected to the corresponding electrical contact 340, but only to one side of the first cable conductor 390. The second cable conductor 392 is electrically connected to the corresponding electrical contact 340, but only to one side of the second cable conductor 392. When the first cable connector 120 or the second cable connector 130 is connected to the board connector 110, the first cable conductor 390 and the second cable conductor 392 are exposed, and the electrical contact 340 does not cut the sheath, cable shield 382, ​​or dielectric layer of the corresponding cable 380. The electrical contact 340 can be electrically connected to the corresponding first cable conductor 390 or second cable conductor 392 by a spring force applied to the corresponding first cable conductor 390 or second cable conductor 392. The first cable connector 120 and the second cable connector 130 may be identical or substantially identical in construction. One or more teeth 372 may have a larger cross-sectional area than the first cable conductor 390 or the second cable conductor 392.

[0090] Figure 9 It shows that it can be inserted into Figure 3 A grounding blade 900 is located within a hole in the board connector housing 310. The grounding blade 900 may include a tail 910, which can be soldered to the substrate using surface mount technology (SMT). Instead of including an SMT tail to mount the grounding blade 900 to the substrate, the grounding blade 900 may include a press-fit tail, a through-hole tail, or any other suitable structure to mount the grounding blade 900 to the substrate. The grounding blade 900 also includes a portion that can be inserted into a ground plane 1000 (…). Figure 10 Hole 1010 (as shown) Figure 10 The leg 920 (shown in the diagram) is also included. The grounding knife 900 may further include two springs, such as a first spring 930a and a second spring 930b. Both the first spring 930a and the second spring 930b can be inserted into either the first cable connector 120 or the second cable connector 130. Figure 1 In the space 322 within the connector shield 375 (as shown) Figure 8 (as shown), to help secure the first cable connector 120 and the second cable connector 230 to the board connector 110 (as shown). Figure 1 (as shown in the image).

[0091] Refer again Figure 9 The number of springs can be determined by the number of cable connectors. For example, such as Figure 8 As shown, each ground plane 330 may include two springs, one spring engaging with the second cable connector 130 and the other spring engaging with the first cable connector 120, but using a different number of springs is feasible. Figure 9 As shown, the first spring 930a may include a hub 940 on the opposite side of the first spring 930a. The hub 940 helps to hold the second cable connector 130 mating with the board connector 110.

[0092] Figure 10 It shows a similar ground plane 330 ( Figure 6 The ground plane 1000 (as shown in the diagram) can be used in the first connector mating interface 150. Figure 1 (as shown) Inside, the second docking interface 160 ( Figure 1 (as shown) within, or both. Ground surface 1000 may include, with respect to board connector housing 310 (as shown). Figure 5 The protrusion 360 (as shown) Figure 5 The hole 1010 (shown in the diagram) engages. Ground plane 1000 may include a ground plane arm 1020. The corresponding ground plane arm 1020 may extend to the board connector housing 310 (shown in the diagram). Figure 3 The opening 350 (as shown) inside Figure 4As shown in the figure, and can be used with the corresponding first cable connector 120 and second cable connector 130. Figure 1 The connector shield 375 (as shown) Figure 7 (As shown in the diagram) engagement. The slot 1030 can accommodate the grounding switch 900 ( Figure 9 The corresponding leg 920 (as shown) Figure 9 (as shown in the image).

[0093] Figure 11 A board connector 110 is shown. Figure 1 The second connector mating interface 160 (as shown in the diagram) Figure 1 The contact pair of electrical contact 1100 shown in the diagram. If cable 380 ( Figure 8 (As shown) includes a single first cable conductor 390 ( Figure 8 (As shown in the diagram), a single electrical contact 1100 can be used instead of a pair of contacts. Each electrical contact 340 can be cantilevered, comprising a head 1110 and a tail 1120 connected at 90° or approximately 90° within manufacturing tolerances. The corresponding opposing surfaces 1112 of the heads 1110 of the contact pair of electrical contacts 1100 can contact or electrically contact the cable 380 (as shown in the diagram). Figure 8 The first cable conductor 390 and the second cable conductor 392 (as shown in the diagram) Figure 8 The head 1110 may include an inlet 1130 and a bend 1140 to assist in connection with the cable 380 (as shown). Figure 8 The corresponding first cable conductor 390 or second cable conductor 392 (as shown in the diagram) Figure 8 (as shown in the diagram) mating. When the first cable connector 120 and the second cable connector 130 ( Figure 8 (as shown) and board connector 110 ( Figure 8 When the cables are connected (as shown), the inlet portion 1130 can assist in guiding the corresponding first cable connector 120 and second cable connector 130. Figure 8 One or more teeth 372 (as shown) Figure 8 (As shown in the diagram). The shape of the curved portion 1140 can be configured to accommodate the corresponding tooth portion 372 (as shown in the diagram). Figure 8 The tail portion 1120 (shown in the diagram) is the end portion. The tail portion 1120 can be surface-mounted to the substrate. Alternatively, the tail portion 1120 may include a press-fit tail portion, a through-hole tail portion, or any other structure suitable for attaching the electrical contact 1100 to the substrate. It can be used with board connector 110 (…). Figure 1 The second connector mating interface 160 (as shown in the diagram) Figure 1 The electrical contacts 1100 used together (as shown) may each include a retaining wedge 1150 to help secure the board connector 110 (as shown). Figure 7 The board connector housing 310 (shown in the diagram) Figure 7The corresponding electrical contact 1100 (as shown in the diagram).

[0094] Figure 12 This shows that it can be used in board connector 110 ( Figure 1 The first connector mating interface 150 (as shown) Figure 1 The contact pair of electrical contact 1200 used in the cable 380 (shown in the diagram). Figure 8 (As shown) includes a single first cable conductor or a second cable conductor 390 ( Figure 8 (As shown in the diagram), a single electrical contact 1200 can be used instead of a pair of contacts. Each electrical contact 1200 can be cantilevered, comprising a head 1210 and a tail 1220 connected at 90° or, within manufacturing tolerances, at approximately 90°. The corresponding opposing contact surfaces 1212 of the heads 1210 of the contact pair of electrical contacts 1200 can make only or electrical contact with the corresponding first cable conductor 390 and second cable conductor 392. Figure 8 A single exterior, such as the first contact surface 1397 (as shown in the diagram), Figure 22 (as shown) and the second contact surface 1398 ( Figure 22 (As shown in the diagram). The head 1210 may include an inlet 1230 and a bend 1240 to assist with the cable 380 (as shown in the diagram). Figure 8 The first cable conductor 390 and the second cable conductor 392 (as shown in the diagram) Figure 8 (as shown in the diagram) mating. When the first cable connector 120 and the second cable connector 130 ( Figure 8 (as shown) and board connector 110 ( Figure 8 When the connectors (as shown) are docked, the inlet portion 1230 can assist in guiding the corresponding first cable connector 120 and second cable connector 130. Figure 8 One or more teeth 372 (as shown) Figure 8 (As shown in the diagram). The shape of the curved portion 1240 can be configured to accommodate the end of the corresponding tooth portion 372 (as shown in the diagram). Figure 8 (As shown in the diagram). Tail portion 1220 can be surface-mounted to the substrate. Alternatively, tail portion 1220 may include a press-fit tail portion, a through-hole tail portion, or any other structure suitable for attaching electrical contact 1200 to the substrate. It can be connected to board connector 110 (…). Figure 1 The first connector mating interface 150 (as shown) Figure 1 The electrical contacts 1200 used together (as shown) may each include a retaining wedge 1150 (as shown) Figure 11 The retaining wedge (as shown) helps to secure the board connector 110 (as shown). Figure 7 The board connector housing 310 (shown in the diagram) Figure 7 The corresponding electrical contact 1200 (as shown in the diagram).

[0095] Figures 13 to 15 It shows that it can be used with Figure 3 The first cable connector or the second cable connector 1300 is used in conjunction with the board connector 110. Figures 13 to 15 The same type of first cable connector or second cable connector 1300 shown can be used for first cable connector 120 and second cable connector 130. Figure 1 One or both of the following (as shown in the diagram). The first cable connector or the second cable connector 1300 may include at least one cable 1340, an insert 1310, and a connector shield 1320. Although Figure 13 and Figure 14 Three cables 1340 are shown, but any number of cables can be used.

[0096] One or more cables 1340 can be similar to Figure 20 The cable 2040 shown is acceptable, but other suitable cables may be used, such as coaxial cables with a single center conductor. Figure 20 The cable 2040 may be a biaxial, co-extruded, shielded differential signal pair cable, which may include a first cable conductor 2047 and a second cable conductor 2048, the first cable conductor 2047 and the second cable conductor 2048 being surrounded by a dielectric layer 2049, a cable shield 2045 surrounding the dielectric layer 2049, and a sheath 2043 surrounding the cable shield 2045. The corresponding first cable conductor 2047 and second cable conductor 2048 and cable shield 2045 of each cable 2040 may be exposed before being connected to the first cable connector or the second cable connector 1300. Although not shown, the cable 2040 may include a stripper wire in place of the cable shield 2045 or a stripper wire combined with the cable shield 2045.

[0097] The insert 1310 may be made of an electrically insulating material and may define at least one or more teeth 1330. Each tooth 1330 may define a T-shape having a transverse member 1372 and a base 1374. The transverse member 1372 may extend perpendicularly to or substantially perpendicularly to the base 1374, may extend perpendicularly to or substantially perpendicularly to the first cable conductor 1347a and the second cable conductor 1347b, and is substantially coplanar with the base 1374. The base 1374 may be oriented perpendicularly to or substantially perpendicularly to the transverse member 1372. The base 1374 may also be oriented parallel to or substantially parallel to the first cable conductor 1347a and the second cable conductor 1347b.

[0098] The insert 1310 may define at least one or more holes 1370, each of which receives a corresponding one of a first cable conductor 1347a and a second cable conductor 1347b. The holes 1370 may transition into a base recess 1376, such as a recess with a semi-circular cross-section, such that the holes 1370 and the base recess 1376 may receive a corresponding first cable conductor 1347a or second cable conductor 1347b. Subsequently, the base recess 1376 may transition into a transverse member recess 1378, which may also receive a corresponding one of the first cable conductor 1347a or second cable conductor 1347b.

[0099] Connector shield 1320 may define at least one or more recesses, each of which receives a corresponding cable shield 1382 of a corresponding cable 1340. Cable shield 1382 may be electrically connected by connector shield 1320. Connector shield 1320 may also define at least one or more slots 1360. Each slot 1360 may receive board connector 110 ( Figure 1 The corresponding grounding switch 320 (as shown) Figure 1 As shown in the diagram), so that the connector shield 1320 can be electrically connected to the grounding knife 320 (as shown in the diagram). Figure 1 (as shown in the image).

[0100] Figure 15 A first cable conductor 1347a and a second cable conductor 1347b are shown. The first cable conductor 1347a may include a first mating end 1390, and the second cable conductor 1347b may include a second mating end 1392. An insert 1310 may carry the first mating end 1390 of the first cable conductor 1347a and the second mating end 1392 of the second cable conductor 1347b. A first center line CL1 may divide the first mating end 1390 into a first semicircle and a second semicircle. A second center line CL2 may divide the second mating end 1392 into a third semicircle 1395 and a fourth semicircle 1396. The first mating end 1390 and the second mating end 1392 may be the corresponding exposed first cable conductor 1347a or second cable conductor 1347b. The first semicircle 1393 of the first mating end 1390 may define a corresponding first contact surface 1397, and the fourth semicircle 1396 of the second mating end 1392 may define a corresponding second contact surface 1398. The first contact surface 1397 and the second contact surface 1398 may be opposite to each other. The first semicircle 1393 and the fourth semicircle 1396 may each define a flat surface, and the first semicircle 1393 and the fourth semicircle 1396 are not strictly limited to an arcuate or curved cross-sectional shape.

[0101] Figure 16An insert 1310 with teeth 1330 is shown. Countersunk recesses 1312 can accommodate corresponding cables 1340. A first cable conductor 1347a or a second cable conductor 1347b can be inserted into a corresponding hole 1370 and extend into the corresponding teeth 1330. A cable shield 1382 can be located within a recess 1350 of the connector shield 1320.

[0102] exist Figure 17 and Figure 18 The insert 1710 is shown separate from the connector shield. The insert 1710 can be positioned around the connector shield 190° ( Figure 19 The arm section shown in the figure is from 1970. Figure 19 As shown in the figure, the insert body 1715 is made by insert molding, such that the insert 1710 and the connector shield 1900 are connected. Figure 19 (As shown) integrally formed. The insert body 1715 defines a through hole 1770 and teeth 1730 aligned with the through hole 1770. Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, the insert 1710 may include a countersunk hole 1775, a first cable conductor 1347a, and a second cable conductor 1347b. Figure 15 As shown), dielectric layer, and cable shield 1382 (as shown). Figure 15 (As shown) can be inserted into countersunk hole 1775, and two additional countersunk holes 1780, which only accommodate the first cable conductor 1347a and the second cable conductor 1347b, can be located in countersunk hole 1775.

[0103] Once inserted into the through hole 1770 of the insert 1710, the first cable conductor 1347a and the second cable conductor 1347b ( Figure 15 (As shown) can be secured to the end of the tooth 1730 by any suitable method. For example, the dielectric layer can be secured to the insert 1710 by adhesive, or in the groove 1350 ( Figure 16 (as shown) and cable 1340 ( Figure 16 The cable shield 1382 (as shown) Figure 16 An interference fit or fixing medium is used between the first cable conductor 1347a and the second cable conductor 1347b (as shown in the diagram) to hold the cable in place, while the first cable conductor 1347a and the second cable conductor 1347b (as shown in the diagram) are held in place. Figure 15 (As shown) is held in the proper position. The teeth 1730 of the insert 1710 can secure the first cable conductor 1347a and the second cable conductor 1347b (as shown). Figure 15 As shown), so that when the first cable connector 120 ( Figure 1 (as shown) and second cable connector 130 ( Figure 1 (as shown) Attached to board connector 110 ( Figure 1 When shown in the figure, board connector 110 ( Figure 1 The corresponding electrical contacts 1100, 1200 (as shown) Figure 11 and Figure 12 The corresponding heads 1110 and 1210 (as shown) Figure 11 and Figure 12 (as shown) or the opposite contact surface 1212 engages only with one side of the corresponding first cable conductor 1347a, such as the first contact surface 1397 on the first semicircle 1393, and only with the fourth semicircle 1396 (shown in the diagram). Figure 15 The second cable conductor 1347b corresponding to the one side of the cable is joined (as shown in the diagram).

[0104] like Figure 19 As shown, the connector shield 1900 may include a recess 1950, which can accommodate a corresponding cable 1340. Figure 13 The cable shield 1382 (as shown) Figure 13 As shown in the diagram). The slot 1960 can accommodate the board connector 110 (as shown in the diagram). Figure 1 The first spring 930a and the second spring 930b of the grounding knife 900 (shown in the diagram) Figure 9 As shown), and insert 1310 ( Figure 13 (As shown) can be manufactured around the arm 1970, for example, by insert molding. Cable 1340 ( Figure 13 The cable shield 1382 (as shown) Figure 13 (as shown) can be attached to the groove 1950 by any suitable method, including, for example, by attaching cable 1340 ( Figure 13 The cable shield 1382 (as shown) Figure 13 (As shown) is welded to groove 1950. Connector shield 1900 can be made, for example, by stamping a flat metal sheet.

[0105] Figure 20 This is a perspective view of a co-extruded, biaxial cable 2040. The cable 2040 may include an electrical insulating sheath 2043; a cable shield 245, which may be a wrapped copper, braided layer, or other conductive material; a first cable conductor 2047; a second cable conductor 2048; and a dielectric layer 2049 located between the first cable conductor 2047 and the cable shield 245. A first centerline CL1 extends perpendicularly to or substantially perpendicularly to a third longitudinal centerline CL3, wherein the first cable conductor 2047 extends along the third longitudinal centerline CL3. A second centerline CL2 extends perpendicularly to or substantially perpendicularly to a fourth longitudinal centerline CL4. A second cable conductor 2048 extends along the fourth longitudinal centerline CL4. The first centerline CL1 and the second centerline CL2 may be parallel to each other. The third longitudinal centerline CL3 and the fourth longitudinal centerline CL4 may be parallel to each other.

[0106] Figure 21 It is the first cable connector 120 and the second cable connector 130. Figure 1 The teeth 2010 and board connector 110 shown in the figure Figure 1 A close-up view of electrical contacts 1100 and 1200 (shown in the diagram). Each corresponding first cable conductor 2047 and second cable conductor 2048 can directly and physically contact the corresponding electrical contacts 1100 and 1200. On only one side, the first semicircle 2093 or fourth semicircle 2096 of the corresponding first mating end 2090 or second mating end 2092 of the corresponding first cable conductor 2047 or second cable conductor 2048 is contacted by the corresponding opposing surface of the corresponding electrical contact. For example, one opposing surface in a pair of opposing surfaces, such as the first contact surface 2012a, can be electrically connected only to the surface of the first semicircle 2093 of the first mating end 2090 of the first cable conductor 2047. The other opposing surface in a pair of opposing surfaces, such as the second contact surface 2012b, can be electrically connected only to the surface of the fourth semicircle 2096 of the second mating end 2092 of the corresponding second cable conductor 2048.

[0107] Electrical contacts 1100 and 1200 may each define a corresponding contact recess 2100 such that the contact recesses 2100 are mirror images of each other about the fifth longitudinal centerline CL5. The combined corresponding contact recesses 2100 may define a tooth recess 2098 that can accommodate the corresponding tooth 2010 or the transverse member 2072 of the tooth 2010. Electrical contacts 1100 and 1200 may be electrically connected to the corresponding first mating end 2090 or second mating end 2092 of the corresponding first cable conductor 2047 or second cable conductor 2048 only at a location along the base 2074 of the tooth 2010, such as at a location between the body of the insert 2011 and the transverse member 2072. The dimensions and shape of the transverse member 2072 may be configured to extend above the first semicircle 2093 and the fourth semicircle 2096 to physically prevent the electrical contacts 1100 and 1200 from physically or electrically contacting the corresponding first cable conductor 2047 and second cable conductor 2048 located in the corresponding transverse member recess 2078. Each tooth 2010 may be inserted along direction A between two opposing, adjacent, facing, corresponding electrical contacts 1100 and 1200, with direction A perpendicular to or substantially perpendicular to the fifth longitudinal centerline CL5. Alternatively, each tooth 2010 may be inserted along direction B between two opposing, adjacent, facing, corresponding electrical contacts 1100 and 1200, with direction B parallel to the fifth longitudinal centerline CL5 and perpendicular to or substantially perpendicular to direction A.

[0108] like Figure 22As shown, if an imaginary line such as center line CL1 or center line CL2 divides the cross-section of a center conductor such as the first cable conductor 1347a or the second cable conductor 1347b into four semicircles, such as the first semicircle 1393, the second semicircle 1394, the third semicircle 1395, and the fourth semicircle 1396, then the corresponding electrical contact only contacts one semicircle. The first semicircle 1393 can define a first contact surface 1397, and the first contact surface 1397 electrically contacts the corresponding electrical contact 1100 and electrical contact 1200. Figure 11 and Figure 12 (As shown in the diagram). The fourth semicircle 1396 can define the second contact surface 1398, which electrically contacts the corresponding electrical contact 1100 and electrical contact 1200. Figure 11 and Figure 12 (As shown in the diagram). The first cable conductor 1347a and the second cable conductor 1347b may be partially or completely surrounded by the electrical insulation member 142. For clarity, the cable shield and sheath are not shown. The second semicircle 1394 and the third semicircle 1395 may be configured not to physically contact the corresponding electrical contacts 1100 and 1200 (as shown in the diagram). Figure 11 and Figure 12 (as shown in the image).

[0109] Figure 23 Another embodiment of a third cable connector 2310 connected to a plate holder 2300 is shown. Figure 23 The cable connector is similar to Figure 13 The first cable connector or the second cable connector 1300. One difference is... Figure 23 The insertion part 2312 of the third cable connector 2310 includes different teeth 2314. Another difference is... Figure 23 The connector shield 2316 of the third cable connector 2310 extends below the teeth 2314 of the insert 2312. The electrical contacts 2320 do not have mating surfaces opposite each other. A dielectric web 2340 may be located between the two electrical contacts 2320 of the differential signal pair. The ground plane 2330 of the board connector mount 2300 extends from the mount's mounting interface to the mount's mating interface.

[0110] like Figure 24As shown, the first cable conductor 2347 of cable 2350 may be held by teeth 2314 such that the top 2321 of the first cable conductor 2347 is exposed, i.e., the insulation, cable shield, and sheath are removed or the cable has no insulation, cable shield, and sheath adjacent to the first cable conductor 2347. The same applies to the second cable conductor (not shown). The mount 2300 may include contact pairs, such as differential signal pairs. The ground plane 2330 of the mount 2300 may include a ground arm 2335 that engages with the connector shield 2316 of the third cable connector 2310. Any number of ground arms 2335 may be used. The electrical contacts 2320 of the mount 2300 contact the top 2321 of the first cable conductor 2347 (and the second cable conductor) of the third cable connector 2310. Although not shown, two or more mounts 2300 may be included in or may define a board connector, similar to... Figure 4 Board connector 310. Each plate holder 2300 can be at a right angle, which allows the ground plane 2330 to extend the entire length or almost the entire length of the electrical contact 2320.

[0111] Each electrical contact 2320 may be cantilevered, comprising a head 2323 and a tail (not shown) connected at 90° or approximately 90° within manufacturing tolerances. The heads 2323 of the paired electrical contacts 2320 may be electrically connected, physically contacted, or both electrically connected and physically contacted at the top 2321 of the corresponding first cable conductor 2347 (and second cable conductor) of the cable 2350. The head 2323 may include an inlet 2325 and a bend 2327 to assist in mating the first cable conductor 2347 (and second cable conductor) of the cable 2350 with the corresponding electrical contact 2320 of the mating tray 2300. When the third cable connector 2310 mats with the corresponding tray 2300, the inlet 2325 may assist in guiding the teeth 2314 of the third cable connector 2310. The bend 2327 may be shaped to accommodate the end 2342 of the corresponding teeth 2314. The third cable connector 2310 can mate with the corresponding plate holder 2300 by pushing it parallel to direction C toward the plate holder 2300. The tail (not shown) can be surface-mounted to the substrate. Alternatively, the tail can include a press-fit tail, a through-hole tail, or any other structure suitable for attaching the electrical contact 2320 to the substrate.

[0112] Figure 25 It shows Figure 23 and Figure 24 The third cable connector 2310 is shown. The third cable connector 2310 is substantially the same as the cable connector described above, except for the teeth 2430. The third cable connector 2310 may include a cable 2440, an insert 2410, and a connector shield 2420. Although... Figure 25 Three differential signal cables are shown, but any number of cables 2440 can be used. Cable 2440 can be as follows: Figure 20 The biaxial cable shown is acceptable, but other suitable cables may be used, including, for example, coaxial cables with a single center conductor. Figure 24 Only a portion of cable 2440 is shown where cable shield 2445 is exposed, but Figure 25 Cable 2440 in the cable usually also includes Figure 24 The sheath is not shown on the portion of the cable 2447. The first cable conductor 2447a and the second cable conductor 2447b are shown with their respective exposed tops 2321. The connector shield 2420 may include a recess 2422, at least one or more slots 2460, and an arm (not shown) around which an insert 2410 may be formed, for example, by insert molding. The recess 2422 receives a corresponding cable shield 2445 of the cable 2440. The cable shield 2445 may be attached to the corresponding recess 2422 by any suitable method, including, for example, soldering the cable shield 2445 to the recess 2422. The connector shield 2420 may be made by, for example, stamping a flat sheet of metal.

[0113] Once inserted into insert 2410, the first cable conductor 2447a and the second cable conductor 2447b can be secured to the ends of teeth 2430 by any suitable method. For example, the first cable conductor 2447a and the second cable conductor 2447b can be held in place by securing the dielectric layer 2480 to insert 2410 with adhesive or by holding the cable 2440 in place using an interference fit or a retaining medium. The teeth 2430 of insert 2410 can secure the first cable conductor 2447a and the second cable conductor 2447b such that when the third cable connector 2310 is attached to the plate seat of a board connector (not shown), the corresponding heads of the electrical contacts of the board connector engage only one side of the first cable conductor 2447a and the second cable conductor 2447b or only the corresponding tops 2321.

[0114] Although Figure 26 The insert 2410 of the third cable connector 2310 is shown without connector shielding, similar to Figure 19 Insert 2410 can be formed by molding insert 2410 around a ground plane arm insert of the connector shield, so that insert 2410 is integrally formed with the connector shield. Insert 2410 may include a body that defines a hole 2470 and teeth 2430 that are aligned with the hole 2470. Figure 18 The insert shown is in Figure 26The insert 2410 shown may include: a countersunk hole (not shown) into which the center conductor, dielectric layer and shield can be inserted; and two additional countersunk holes, each of which accommodates a corresponding center conductor.

[0115] Figure 27 It shows Figure 22 and Figure 23 The image shows a plate holder 2300. The plate holder 2300 may include electrical contacts 2320 and a ground plane 2330. The electrical contacts 2320 are embedded in the plate holder body 2302, and the ground plane 2330 is attached to the bottom surface of the plate holder body 2302, or a right-angled surface of the plate holder body 2302 having a short mating-to-mount interface length. The plate holder body 2302 may be made of a dielectric material. A connecting plate 2340 may extend from the plate holder body 2302 between pairs of electrical contacts 2320. The plate holder 2300 may be formed by inserting the plate holder body 2302 around the electrical contacts 2320, such that the plate holder body 2302 is integrally formed with the electrical contacts 2320. The plate holder 2300 may include three or more pairs of differential signal electrical contacts 2320, but any number of contact pairs may be used. Grounding arms 2335 of ground plane 2330 may extend from ground plane 2330 below the paired electrical contacts 2320. Ground plane 2330 may include three grounding arms 2335, but any number of grounding arms 2335 may be used. Plate holders 2300 of different heights may be used to connect to a first cable connector and a second cable connector, wherein the plate holder 2300 connected to the first cable connector is higher than the plate holder connected to the second cable connector. Plate holders 2300 may be stepped along the mating direction.

[0116] like Figure 28 As shown, the fifth center line CL5 passes through the midpoint of two adjacent, transversely intersecting center conductors, such as the first cable conductor 2447a or the second cable conductor 2447b. The fifth center line CL5 divides the first cable conductor 2447a and the second cable conductor 2447b into four semicircles, such as the first semicircle 2493, the second semicircle 2494, the third semicircle 2496, and the fourth semicircle 2496. The first semicircle 2493 can define the corresponding electrical contact 1100 and electrical contact 1200. Figure 11 and Figure 12 The first contact surface 2497 of the electrical contact (shown in the diagram). The fourth semicircle 2496 can define the corresponding electrical contact 1100 and electrical contact 1200. Figure 11 and Figure 12The second contact surface 2498 of the electrical contact (shown in the diagram). The first cable conductor 2447a and the second cable conductor 2447b may be partially or completely surrounded by the electrical insulation 142. For clarity, the cable shield and sheath are not shown. The second semicircle 2494 and the fourth semicircle 2496 may be configured not to interact with the corresponding electrical contacts 1100 and 1200. Figure 11 and Figure 12 (As shown) Electrical or physical contact.

[0117] Figure 29 A first substrate 2600, a die 2610, and a first set of multiple connector systems 100, a first set of multiple board connectors 110, or a first set of first cable connectors 120 and second cable connectors 130 are shown. The die 2610 may also be a chip and may be carried on a first package surface 2620 of the first substrate 2600. The combination of the first substrate 2600 and the die 2610 may be referred to as a die package 2630. The first package surface 2620 may carry an optional SERDES (serializer / deserializer) chip (not shown), and multiple board connectors 110 or multiple connector systems 100, each of which is a board connector 110 and a first cable connector 120, a second cable connector 130, or... Figures 1 to 28 Any combination of cable connector embodiments shown in any of the embodiments. Each SERDES chip may include 16×16 channels, or any suitable number of channels. Board connector 110 or first cable connector 120 or second cable connector 130 makes electrical contact with the die. Placing board connector 110, connector system 100, or first cable connector 120 directly on die package 2630 helps eliminate trace loss from die package 2630 to main substrate (not shown).

[0118] The first substrate 2600, such as a printed circuit board, can be approximately 145 mm × 145 mm, a dimension measured along two intersecting first die edges 2640 and second die edges 2650 of the first substrate 2600. The first substrate 2600 can also be other sizes, such as 70 mm × 70 mm, 85 mm × 85 mm die packages, 120 mm × 120 mm die packages, 145 mm × 145 mm die packages, 150 mm × 150 mm die packages, 230 mm × 230 mm die packages, or other die package sizes. The die package is preferably square, but does not need to have equal side lengths and can have other shapes. The larger the area of ​​the first substrate 2600, the more connector systems 100 can be added to the first package surface 2620 or the second package surface 2660.

[0119] Figure 30A second package surface 2660 of the die package 2630 is shown. The second package surface 2660 may include a second set of multiple board connectors 110 or multiple connector systems 100, each of which is a board connector 110 and a first cable connector 120, a second cable connector 130, or... Figures 1 to 28 Any combination of any of the cable connector embodiments shown in any of the embodiments. At least one of board connector 110, first cable connector 120, or second cable connector 130 is electrically connected to die 2610. The second package surface 2660 may also define a pin domain or pad domain 2680, which is electrically connected to die 2610 and electrically mats with power supplies, compression connectors, pin connectors, adapter boards, etc. (not shown). The compression connector or pin connector may carry only power signals, control signals, or other sideband signals to die 2610 or may carry high-speed signals. The second package surface 2660 of die package 2630 may include a SERDES (serializer / deserializer) chip, such as a 16×16 channel SERDES chip. The first die edge 2640 and the second die edge 2650 may each have the same length or may have different lengths.

[0120] Therefore, the die package 2630 may include: a first substrate 2600, wherein the first substrate 2600 defines a first package surface 2620 and an opposite second package surface 2660; a die 2610 carried by the first package surface 2620; a differential signal connector system 100 carried by the first package surface 2620; and a differential signal connector system 100 carried by the second package surface 2660. Each differential signal connector system 100 may include a board connector 110 carried by the first package surface 2620, a board connector 110 carried by the second package surface 2660, and a first cable connector 120 or a second cable connector 130 releasably attached to each board connector 110.

[0121] Electrical connectors may each include one, two, three, or four rows of four differential signal pairs, or any other number of rows, contacts, or differential pairs. Figure 29 A 145 mm × 145 mm die package is shown, wherein the first package surface 2620 is equipped with die 2610 and thirty-two in Figures 1 to 22 The dual-row connector system 100 shown is illustrated. Each first cable connector 120 may include eight differential signal cables 140, and each second cable connector 130 may include eight differential signal cables 140, or each dual-row connector system 100 may have a total of sixteen differential signal cables. As shown on a 145 mm × 145 mm die package 2630, thirty-two dual-row connector systems 100 provide 512 differential signal pairs on the first package surface 2620 of the die package 2630. Figure 30 An additional 512 differential signal pairs can be positioned on the second package surface 2660 of the die package 2630, providing a total of 1024 differential pairs, or 2048 individual cables 140, or 512 channels per die package 2630. Under 56 GHz NRZ or 112 GHz PAM4 compatible signals, 1024 differential pairs will facilitate data transmission of approximately 50 terabytes per second. Figure 29 and Figure 30 As shown, the dual-row connector system 100 can have simulated insertion loss of approximately 0 dB to -0.5 dB for frequencies from 0 GHz to 28 GHz. Return loss can be below -15 dB for frequencies up to and including approximately 30 GHz. Near-end crosstalk can be below -50 dB for frequencies up to and including approximately 30 GHz.

[0122] The four-row connector system 100a is shown in Figure 31 Each connector system 100a may include a board connector 110a, two first cable connectors 120a, and two second cable connectors 130a. Since the first cable connectors 120a and the second cable connectors 130a are interchangeable, the board connector 100a may be equipped with only the first cable connectors 120a, only the second cable connectors 130a, or any combination of both. The connector system 100a is positioned on a first substrate 2600a around the die 2610a.

[0123] Each electrical connector system 100a has four rows of eight differential signal pairs, which can connect thirty-two biaxial cables or sixty-four single-conductor cables 140a to the corresponding board connector 110a carried by either the first encapsulation surface 2620 of the die package or the second encapsulation surface 2660 of the die package 2630. Figure 31 Four connector systems 100a are shown on the first package surface 2620 and the second package surface 2660, respectively, but other numbers of connector systems 100a can be used. For example, if in Figure 31 The die package 2630 shown has dimensions of 145 mm × 145 mm, allowing four pairs of connectors in the thirty-two-pair connector system 100a to be fitted along each side of the first package surface 2620 and along each side of the second package surface 2660. This results in... Figure 29 and Figure 30 The embodiments described and illustrated use the same number of differential signal pairs and channels. The first package surface 2620 of the die package 2630 may include at least 1025 biaxial pairs or approximately 2048 individual cable conductors. If in Figure 31The die package 2630 shown is a 70 mm × 70 mm die package 2630, which can accommodate three pairs of the thirty-two-pair connector system 100a along each side of the first package surface 2620 and each side of the second package surface 2660. This configuration produces at least 768 differential, biaxial pairs, or at least 1536 single cables. Each connector system has thirty-two differential cables, and the 70 mm × 70 mm die package can support a transmission rate of approximately 37.5 terabytes per second at 56 GHz NRZ or 112 GHz PAM4 compliant data or signal rates. For a throughput of 50 Tb / s, a first substrate 2600 larger than 70 mm × 70 mm may be required.

[0124] The height of a single-row connector system (not shown) can be approximately 1.5 mm. The height of a two-row connector system 100 can be approximately 3 mm. The height of a three-row connector system (not shown) can be approximately 4.5 mm. The height of a four-row connector system can be approximately 6 mm. The height can be measured orthogonally from the mounting interface of the board connector 110 to the highest point on the board connector parallel to the mounting interface.

[0125] On both the first and second surfaces of the die package, the die package, ranging from approximately 140 mm × 140 mm to approximately 280 mm × 280 mm, can carry a total of at least 1024 biaxial pairs or 2048 individual cable conductors, which are routed to the corresponding first electrical panel connector 2700, an example of which is shown in... Figure 32 As shown in the image.

[0126] Merge reference Figure 1 , Figure 23 and Figure 32 140 cable Figure 1 (As shown) can be attached to the first cable connector 120 at one end. Figure 1 (as shown), second cable connector 130 ( Figure 1 (as shown) or third cable connector 2310 ( Figure 23 The cable is attached to one of the corresponding first electrical panel connectors (as shown in the diagram) at one end and to the corresponding first electrical panel connector 2700 at the other end to form a cable assembly. More specifically, differential signal pairs with a pitch of approximately 0.635 ± 0.005 mm carried by the cable can be attached at one end of a corresponding differential signal pair of one of the first cable connector, the second cable connector, or the third cable connector, and at the other end of a differential signal pair with a pitch of approximately 0.635 ± 0.005 mm carried by the first electrical panel connector.

[0127] like Figure 32As shown, cable 140 can be a shielded biaxial cable or a single shielded coaxial cable (not shown). Cable shield 144 ( Figure 1 (As shown) is optional. For example, the maximum outer diameter of each cable 140 can be 26 gauge, 27 gauge, 28 gauge, 29 gauge, 30 gauge, 31 gauge, 32 gauge, 33 gauge, 34 gauge, 35 gauge, or 36 gauge. Within manufacturing tolerances, each cable 140 can have a maximum diameter of about 2 mm to about 2.8 mm. In an exemplary, non-limiting example, the cable assembly may include a first cable connector 120 with a height of about 1.0 ± 0.5 mm. Figure 1 (as shown), second cable connector 130 ( Figure 1 (as shown) and / or third cable connector 2310 ( Figure 23 As shown in the diagram, it also includes a first electrical panel connector 2700 and a cable 140, which is electrically connected to both the first electrical panel connector 2700 and the first cable connector 120. Figure 1 (as shown), second cable connector 130 ( Figure 1 (as shown) and / or third cable connector 2310 ( Figure 23 (As shown in the diagram). Cable 140 may have a maximum diameter of 34, 35, or 36 gauge. The frequency domain NEXT crosstalk of the cable assembly can be between -40 dB and -60 dB when passing frequencies up to and including 30 GHz, 35 GHz, or 40 GHz, or below -40 dB when passing frequencies up to and including approximately 30 GHz. The data rate is approximately twice the frequency, therefore the cable assembly can transmit approximately 60 gigabits per second with NEXT crosstalk below -40 dB. The first electrical panel connector 2700 can be configured not to accommodate an edge card.

[0128] like Figure 32As shown, the first electrical panel connector 2700 can be an improved Accelerate I / O connector. Standard Accelerate connectors are available from SAMTEC, Inc. The improved Accelerate I / O can support 34AWG, 35AWG, or 36AWG cables. Other cable sizes are also possible, including, for example, 26AWG, 27AWG, 28AWG, 29AWG, 30AWG, 31AWG, 32AWG, and 33AWG. A further improvement adds a third row 2740 and a fourth row 2750 to the conductors 2710. This replaces the first row 2720 and the second row 2730 which only contain conductors 2710. Each of the first row 2720, the second row 2730, the third row 2740, and the fourth row 2750 may include eight differential signal pairs 2760 and a ground 2770 arranged in an SSG or SSGG configuration. The SSGG configuration can reduce signal density. Further improvements include spacing the first row 2720, the second row 2730, the third row 2740, and the fourth row 2750 of the electrical conductors 2710 with a spacing of 2.2 mm P1, a spacing of 3 mm P2, and a spacing of 2.2 mm P3, wherein the space between the second row 2730 and the third row 2740 is approximately 3 mm. The first row 2720 and the second row 2730 may be spaced apart by a first row spacing of approximately 2.2 mm P1. The second row 2730 and the third row 2740 may be spaced apart by a second row spacing of approximately 3 mm P2. The third row 2740 and the fourth row 2750 may be spaced apart by a third row spacing of approximately 2.2 mm P3. The spacing between the electrical conductors can be 0.635 ± 0.05 mm. One or more panel fastener sockets 2780 can accommodate panel fasteners 2790 to secure the first electrical panel connector 2700 to the panel, such as... Figure 33 The 1RU panel shown.

[0129] Figure 33 One side of the 1RU panel equipped with the first electrical panel connector 2700 is shown. (With) Figure 32 In contrast, the panel fastener socket 2780 is reversed. Thirty-two electrical panel connectors 2700 can be fitted within the area of ​​a 1RU panel, which is approximately 1.75 inches × 9 inches, or approximately 29.75 square inches, or approximately 214 square centimeters. The first electrical panel connectors 2700 can be stacked vertically such that two first electrical panel connectors 2700, each having the same number of differential signal pairs, are fitted between two spaced parallel lines L1 and L2, which extend along the 1.75-inch direction of the 1RU panel, with only two first electrical panel connectors 2700 located between these two spaced parallel lines.

[0130] In a worst-case embodiment of the invention, approximately twenty-four first electrical panel connectors 2700 can be used, each carrying thirty-two differential signal pairs and at least 34 AWG of cable 140, to transmit or fit at least 768 differential signal pairs within a 1RU panel area of ​​42 mm × 325 mm (approximately 143 square centimeters), resulting in a throughput of at least approximately 37 Tb / s. This throughput is more than double that of the prior art. The number of differential pairs attached to the 1RU panel via the first electrical panel connectors 2700 is approximately 256 more than in the prior art. At least 2048 individual cable conductors or at least 1024 differential pairs of 34 AWG cable can be terminated at thirty-two or thirty-three first electrical panel connectors 2700, all within an area defined by approximately 1.75 inches × approximately 17 inches, or approximately 29.75 square inches, or approximately 192 square centimeters. The corresponding throughput is approximately 50 Tb / s. At least 1,536 individual cable conductors, or 768 biaxial cables, or 384 channels, can be adapted to a panel area of ​​approximately 21 square inches to approximately 26 square inches, or a panel area of ​​approximately 143 square centimeters to approximately 196 square centimeters.

[0131] At least 513 differential signal pairs can be fitted within a 12.8-inch × 1.73-inch panel area or approximately 143 square centimeters. At least 600 differential signal pairs can be fitted within a 12.8-inch × 1.73-inch panel area or approximately 143 square centimeters. At least 700 differential signal pairs can be fitted within a 12.8-inch × 1.73-inch panel area or approximately 143 square centimeters. At least 800 differential signal pairs can be fitted within a 12.8-inch × 1.73-inch panel area or approximately 149 square centimeters. At least 900 differential signal pairs can be fitted within a 12.8-inch × 1.73-inch panel area or approximately 168 square centimeters. At least 1000 differential signal pairs can be fitted within a 12.8-inch × 1.73-inch panel area or approximately 186 square centimeters. Each of the first electrical or front panel connectors, individually or in combination, can transmit differential signals with frequency domain crosstalk between -40dB and -60dB at frequencies up to and including 30GHz, 35GHz, or 40GHz.

[0132] The number of cables or differential signal pairs that can be fitted within the 1RU panel is independent of the number of first electrical panel connectors 2700. 1024 differential signal pairs can be fitted within the area of ​​the 1RU panel, which is approximately 1.75 inches × 17 inches, or approximately 29.75 square inches, or approximately 192 square centimeters. At least 2048 individual cable conductors or 1024 differential two-core coaxial cables can be terminated in or through the area defined by approximately 1.75 inches × approximately 17 inches, or approximately 29.75 square inches, or approximately 192 square centimeters. If the cable diameter is reduced, thirty-two first electrical panel connectors 2700 can be fitted within a panel area of ​​14.75 inches × 1.75 inches, or approximately 25.8 square inches, or approximately 166 square centimeters. The 32 First Electrical Panel Connectors 2700 can be adapted to a panel area of ​​14.75 inches × 1.5 inches, or a panel area of ​​approximately 22 square inches, or a panel area of ​​approximately 142 square centimeters.

[0133] At least 513 differential signal cable pairs can be attached to the corresponding first electrical panel connector, which occupies no more than half of the 1RU panel area, such as half of approximately 19 inches × 1.75 inches, or half of approximately 33 square inches, or approximately half of 213 square centimeters.

[0134] Any area described herein is not limited to a single 1RU panel. Panel area can be allocated among two or more 1RU panels, provided that the combined area occupied by at least 1024 biaxial cables or at least 2048 coaxial cables or connectors is equal to or less than the area of ​​a single 1RU panel. A 1RU panel may define multiple panel vias, such as screens, to allow airflow through the 1RU panel.

[0135] like Figure 34 As shown, the external cable connector 3200 can mate with the corresponding first electrical panel connector 2700. Similar to the first electrical panel connector 2700 ( Figure 32As shown, the external cable connector 3200 can be an improved ACCELERATE connector, available from SAMTEC, Inc., and can accommodate 26AWG, 27AWG, 28AWG, 29AWG, or 30AWG cables. Other cable sizes, including, for example, 31AWG, 32AWG, 33AWG, 34AWG, 35AWG, or 36AWG, can also be used. The external cable connector 3220 can have a first row 3220 of electrical conductors 3210, a second row of electrical conductors 3210, a third row of electrical conductors 3210, and a fourth row 3250 of electrical conductors. The spacing between the first and second rows can be approximately 2.2 mm (first row spacing P1). The spacing between the second and third rows can be approximately 3 mm (second row spacing P2). The spacing between the third row 3240 and the fourth row 3250 can be approximately 2.2 mm (third row spacing P3). External cable connector 3200 defines an external cable mating interface, which may include electrical conductors 3210, such as differential signal pairs 3260 and ground conductors 3270. Electrical conductors 3210 and ground conductors 3270 may be overmolded and can be carried by separate overmolding molds. Electrical conductors 3210 may be arranged in a repeating SSG configuration, a repeating SGS configuration, or a repeating SSGG configuration. In a repeating SSG configuration, the conductor spacing between adjacent electrical conductors 3210 may be approximately 0.6 mm or 0.635 ± 0.005 mm. The cable spacing between adjacent biaxial cables 140 may be approximately 2.4 mm.

[0136] It should be understood that the above description is merely illustrative of the invention. Various alternatives and modifications can be conceived by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications, and variations falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cable connector, comprising: Cable; An insert, the insert including an insert body, the insert body defining: hole; as well as A toothed portion adjacent to the hole, wherein the toothed portion extends away from the insert body and includes a first base recess and a second base recess; as well as Connector shielding connected to the insert; in The first mating end of the first cable conductor and the second mating end of the second cable conductor extend through corresponding holes, such that the semi-circular side surfaces of the first mating ends of the first cable conductor and the second mating ends of the second cable conductor are supported by the first and second base recesses in the teeth; and The first mating end and the second mating end are configured to directly and physically contact the corresponding first electrical contact and second electrical contact of the mating connector.

2. The cable connector according to claim 1, wherein The cable includes cable shielding; The connector shield includes a groove; and The cable shield is connected to the corresponding groove in the groove.

3. The cable connector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the teeth are configured to be located between the corresponding first electrical contact and the second electrical contact of the mating connector.

4. The cable connector according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the teeth define a base and a transverse member positioned perpendicular to the base.

5. The cable connector of claim 4, wherein the first mating end and the second mating end are configured to be contacted only by the corresponding first electrical contact and the second electrical contact of the mating connector at a position along the base of the teeth.

6. The cable connector according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the size and shape of the transverse member are configured to physically prevent the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact of the mating connector from physically contacting the first cable conductor and the second cable conductor at a position along the transverse member of the teeth.

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