Systems and methods for supporting irregular bandwidth channels

Abstract

The present invention relates to "Systems and methods for supporting irregular bandwidth channels." User equipment capable of filtering an assigned channel for an irregular bandwidth can send an indication of this capability to a network, which can then configure the channel to the next higher standard channel size, enabling the user equipment to filter this larger channel bandwidth to the irregular bandwidth. User equipment incapable of filtering the irregular bandwidth can send an indication that it does not have this capability to the network, which can then configure the channel to the next lower standard channel size, thereby avoiding the need for the user equipment to filter a larger channel bandwidth to the irregular bandwidth. In the event the network detects the presence of a blocking signal capable of interfering with an assigned channel, the network can configure the channel to the next higher standard channel size.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 270,332, filed October 21, 2021, entitled “SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR RADAR-BASED BIOMETRIC SIGNAL EXTRACTION,” the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes. Background Technology

[0003] This disclosure generally relates to wireless communication, and more specifically to communication over a channel with varying bandwidth.

[0004] The fifth-generation (5G) New Radio (NR) Radio Access Technology (RAT), developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), supports several standard channel bandwidths (e.g., 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, etc.), as defined by 3GPP Technical Specification (TS) 38.101-1. In most cases, regulators and network operators can allocate radio frequency (RF) spectrum (in the form of channels) in relatively large blocks that can be aligned with these standard channel bandwidths. However, in some cases, operators may allocate RF spectrum of irregular sizes, which may not be perfectly aligned with these standard channel bandwidths. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The following outlines some of the embodiments disclosed herein. It should be understood that these aspects are presented merely to provide the reader with a concise overview of these particular embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. In fact, this disclosure may cover many aspects not set forth below.

[0006] In one embodiment, a system includes a wireless communication network that receives a carrier bandwidth and an allocated bandwidth, configures user equipment (UE) for the carrier bandwidth based on the carrier bandwidth associated with the allocated bandwidth, configures the UE for a carrier bandwidth greater than the allocated bandwidth based on the absence of a blocking signal or the UE indicating a capability to filter the allocated bandwidth, and configures the UE for a carrier bandwidth less than the allocated bandwidth based on the presence of a blocking signal and the UE not indicating a capability to filter the allocated bandwidth. The system also includes the UE indicating to the wireless communication network the capability to filter the allocated bandwidth.

[0007] In another embodiment, a method performed by a wireless communication network includes configuring user equipment (UE) for a carrier bandwidth based on a carrier bandwidth associated with an allocated bandwidth. The method further includes configuring UE for a carrier bandwidth greater than the allocated bandwidth based on the absence of a blocking signal or the UE indicating a capability to filter the allocated bandwidth. The method also includes configuring UE for a carrier bandwidth less than the allocated bandwidth based on the presence of a blocking signal and the UE not indicating a capability to filter the allocated bandwidth.

[0008] In yet another embodiment, a method performed by a user equipment includes receiving a carrier bandwidth and an allocated bandwidth at a receiver of the user equipment. The method further includes using a processing circuitry of the user equipment to determine that the carrier bandwidth is not equal to the allocated bandwidth, and using the processing circuitry to determine whether one or more filters of the user equipment are capable of filtering the allocated bandwidth. The method also includes using a transmitter of the user equipment to transmit an indication of whether the one or more filters of the user equipment are capable of filtering the allocated bandwidth.

[0009] Various modifications to the above-described features may exist with respect to various aspects of the invention. Other features may also be incorporated into these aspects. These modifications and additional features may exist individually or in any combination. For example, various features discussed below relating to one or more illustrated embodiments may be incorporated individually or in any combination into any of the above aspects of the invention. The brief summary presented above is intended only to familiarize the reader with specific aspects and context of the embodiments disclosed herein and does not limit the claimed subject matter. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Various aspects of this disclosure can be better understood by reading the following detailed description and referring to the accompanying drawings, wherein similar figures refer to similar parts.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0012] Figure 2 It is based on the implementation scheme of this disclosure. Figure 1 Functional diagram of electronic devices;

[0013] Figure 3 It is based on the implementation scheme of this disclosure. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the transmitter of an electronic device;

[0014] Figure 4 It is based on the implementation scheme of this disclosure. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the receiver of an electronic device;

[0015] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the communication system including communication coupling to a wireless communication network supported by a base station. Figure 1 User equipment;

[0016] Figure 6 This is a frequency map of non-IMT channels that have been reallocated to the IMT spectrum;

[0017] Figure 7 It is a frequency diagram of allocated channels with irregular bandwidth according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 5 The network has been configured for the irregular bandwidth as two overlapping channels with bandwidth of the next lower standard channel size;

[0018] Figure 8 This refers to an embodiment with irregular bandwidth based on the present disclosure. Figure 7 The frequency map of the allocated channels, Figure 5 The network has been configured to use channels with bandwidth of the next higher standard channel size for the irregular bandwidth.

[0019] Figure 9 This is a frequency diagram showing the allocated spectrum with bandwidth and the frequency of the blocking signal close to the allocated spectrum, where Figure 1 User equipment has configured its digital filters to be equal to the standard channel size in terms of bandwidth;

[0020] Figure 10 This is a frequency diagram showing the allocated spectrum with irregular bandwidth and the frequency of a blocking signal close to the allocated spectrum, where Figure 1 User equipment has configured its digital filters to be larger than the standard channel size for irregular bandwidths;

[0021] Figure 11 This is a frequency diagram showing the allocated spectrum with a small irregular bandwidth and a blocking signal close to the allocated spectrum, where Figure 1 User equipment has configured its digital filters to be larger than the standard channel size for smaller irregular bandwidths;

[0022] Figure 12 It is a frequency diagram of allocated channels with irregular bandwidth according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 5 The network has been configured with a lower channel having the next smaller standard channel size, a higher channel having the next smaller standard channel size, and a larger channel having the next higher standard channel size.

[0023] Figure 13 It is based on the implementation scheme of this disclosure. Figure 5The network will send irregular bandwidth to Figure 1 Examples of user equipment; and

[0024] Figure 14 This is a flowchart of a method for utilizing an allocated channel with irregular bandwidth according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0025] One or more specific implementations will be described below. To provide a brief description of these implementations, not all characteristics of the actual implementations are described in this specification. It should be understood that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, decisions must be made specific to many implementations to achieve the developer's specific objectives, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints that may vary from one implementation to another. Furthermore, it should be understood that such development work can be complex and time-consuming, but will still be routine work of design, fabrication, and manufacturing for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure.

[0026] When describing elements of various embodiments of this disclosure, the articles “an” and “the” are intended to refer to one or more of the elements present. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are intended to be included and to indicate the presence of additional elements besides those listed. Additionally, it should be understood that reference to “an embodiment” or “an embodiment” of this disclosure is not intended to be construed as excluding the existence of additional embodiments also incorporating the cited features. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. The use of the terms “generally,” “approximately,” “about,” “close to,” and / or “substantially” should be understood to mean including close to the target (e.g., design, value, quantity), such as within limits of any suitable or conceivable error (e.g., within 0.1% of the target, within 1% of the target, within 5% of the target, within 10% of the target, within 25% of the target, etc.). Furthermore, it should be understood that any exact values, figures, measurements, etc. provided herein may be envisioned as approximations of such exact values, figures, measurements, etc. (e.g., within limits of suitable or conceivable error).

[0027] This disclosure pertains to communication over channels with irregular or non-standardized bandwidths. Specifically, the fifth-generation (5G) New Radio (NR) Radio Access Technology (RAT), developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), supports several standard channel bandwidths (e.g., 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, etc.), as defined by 3GPP Technical Specification (TS) 38.101-1. In most cases, regulators and network operators can allocate radio frequency (RF) spectrum (in the form of channels) in relatively large blocks that can be aligned with these standard channel bandwidths. However, in some cases, operators may allocate RF spectrum of irregular sizes, which may not be perfectly aligned with these standard channel bandwidths. This can occur, for example, when existing non-International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) spectrum is reallocated or reconfigured to IMT (e.g., third-generation (3G), fourth-generation (4G), or 5G) spectrum, because legacy or obsolete services use non-IMT spectrum with different channel sizes.

[0028] The embodiments described herein provide various means and techniques for employing varied channel bandwidths, including irregular or non-standardized channel bandwidths. Specifically, user equipment capable of filtering irregular bandwidths of an assigned channel can send an indication of this capability to the network, which can then configure the channel to the next higher standard channel size, thereby enabling the user equipment to filter the larger channel bandwidth into the irregular bandwidth. In some embodiments, the assigned channel may be a bandwidth portion as defined by 5G specifications (e.g., a set of consecutive physical resource blocks selected from a consecutive subset of common resource blocks of a given number on a given carrier). User equipment unable to filter the irregular bandwidth can send an indication of its lack of this capability to the network, which can then configure the channel to the next lower standard channel size, thereby avoiding the need for the user equipment to filter the larger channel bandwidth into the irregular bandwidth. If the network detects the presence of a congestion signal that could interfere with the assigned channel, the network can configure the channel to the next higher standard channel size.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of an electronic device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Among other things, the electronic device 10 may include one or more processors 12 (collectively referred to herein as a single processor, which may be implemented in any suitable form of processing circuitry), memory 14, non-volatile storage device 16, display 18, input structure 22, input / output (I / O) interface 24, network interface 26, and power supply 29. Figure 1The various functional blocks shown may include hardware elements (including circuitry), software elements (including machine-executable instructions), or combinations of hardware and software elements (which may be referred to as logic). Processor 12, memory 14, non-volatile storage device 16, display 18, input structure 22, input / output (I / O) interface 24, network interface 26, and / or power supply 29 may each be directly or indirectly communicatively coupled to each other (e.g., via or through another component, communication bus, network) to transmit and / or receive data between them. It should be noted that... Figure 1 This is merely one example of a specific implementation and is intended to illustrate the types of components that may exist in electronic device 10.

[0030] For example, electronic device 10 may include any suitable computing device, including desktop computers or laptops (e.g., those available from Apple Inc., Cupertino, California). Pro, MacBook mini or Mac (in the form of) portable electronic devices or handheld electronic devices such as wireless electronic devices or smartphones (e.g., available from Apple Inc. in Cupertino, California). (Model form), tablet computers (for example, those available from Apple in Cupertino, California) (in the form of a model), wearable electronic devices (e.g., Apple products available from Apple Inc. in Cupertino, California) (in the form of) and other similar devices. It should be noted that, Figure 1 The processor 12 and other related items may be embodied, in whole or in part, as software, hardware, or both. Furthermore, the processor 12 and... Figure 1 Other related items may be a single, independent processing module, or may be incorporated, wholly or partially, into any of the other elements within the electronic device 10. Processor 12 may be implemented using a combination of a general-purpose microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor (DSP), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), programmable logic device (PLD), controller, state machine, gated logic, discrete hardware components, dedicated hardware finite state machine, or any other suitable entity capable of performing computation or other manipulations of information. Processor 12 may include one or more application processors, one or more baseband processors, or both, and performs the various functions described herein.

[0031] exist Figure 1In the electronic device 10, a processor 12 may be operatively coupled to a memory 14 and a non-volatile storage device 16 to execute various algorithms. Such programs or instructions executed by the processor 12 may be stored in any suitable article of writing comprising one or more tangible computer-readable media. The tangible computer-readable media may include the memory 14 and / or the non-volatile storage device 16, individually or jointly, to store instructions or routines. The memory 14 and the non-volatile storage device 16 may include any suitable article of writing for storing data and executable instructions, such as random access memory, read-only memory, rewritable flash memory, hard disk drive, and optical disk. Furthermore, programs (e.g., operating systems) encoded on such computer program products may also include instructions executable by the processor 12 to enable the electronic device 10 to provide various functions.

[0032] In some embodiments, display 18 may facilitate a user's viewing of images generated on electronic device 10. In some embodiments, display 18 may include a touchscreen that facilitates user interaction with the user interface of electronic device 10. Furthermore, it should be understood that in some embodiments, display 18 may include one or more liquid crystal displays (LCDs), light-emitting diode (LED) displays, organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays, active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) displays, or some combination of these and / or other display technologies.

[0033] The input structure 22 of electronic device 10 allows a user to interact with electronic device 10 (e.g., press a button to increase or decrease the volume level). Like network interface 26, I / O interface 24 enables electronic device 10 to interact with a variety of other electronic devices. In some embodiments, I / O interface 24 may include I / O ports for hardwired connections for charging and / or content manipulation using standard connectors and protocols such as the Lightning connector supplied by Apple Inc. of Cupertino, California, Universal Serial Bus (USB), or other similar connectors and protocols. Network interface 26 may include, for example, one or more interfaces for personal area networks (PANs) such as Ultra Wideband (UWB) or... Networks, local area networks (LANs), or wireless local area networks (WLANs) such as those employing a protocol from the IEEE 802.11x family of protocols (e.g., Networks and / or wide area networks (WANs) such as any standards related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), including, for example, 3rd generation (3G) cellular networks, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), 4th generation (4G) cellular networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) Cellular networks, Long Term Evolution License Assisted Access (LTE-LAA) cellular networks, 5G cellular networks and / or New Radio (NR) cellular networks, satellite networks, non-terrestrial networks, etc. Specifically, network interface 26 may include, for example, one or more interfaces for using the version 15 cellular communication standard of the 5G specification, which includes millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency ranges (e.g., 24.25–300 GHz), and / or any other version of the cellular communication standard (e.g., version 16, version 17, any future version) that defines and / or implements frequency ranges for wireless communication. Network interface 26 of electronic device 10 may allow communication via the aforementioned networks (e.g., 5G, Wi-Fi, LTE-LAA, etc.).

[0034] Network interface 26 may also include one or more interfaces for, for example, a broadband fixed wireless access network (e.g., Mobile broadband wireless network (mobile) Asynchronous digital subscriber lines (e.g., ADSL, VDSL) and digital video terrestrial broadcasting Network and its extensions DVB handheld Networks, ultra-wideband (UWB) networks, AC power lines, etc.

[0035] Figure 2 It is based on the implementation scheme of this disclosure. Figure 1 Functional diagram of electronic device 10. As shown, processor 12, memory 14, transceiver 30, transmitter 52, receiver 54 and / or antenna 55 (shown as 55A-55N, collectively referred to as antenna 55) may be directly or indirectly communicatively coupled to each other (e.g., through or via another component, communication bus, network) to transmit and / or receive data between each other.

[0036] Electronic device 10 may include transmitter 52 and / or receiver 54, which respectively enable the transmission and reception of data between electronic device 10 and external devices via, for example, a network (e.g., including a base station) or a direct connection. As shown, transmitter 52 and receiver 54 may be combined into transceiver 30. Electronic device 10 may also have one or more antennas 55A to 55N electrically coupled to transceiver 30. Antennas 55A-55N may be configured in omnidirectional or directional configurations, single-beam, dual-beam, or multi-beam arrangements, etc. Each antenna 55 may be associated with one or more beams and various configurations. In some embodiments, multiple antennas in antennas 55A-55N of an antenna group or module may be communicatively coupled to a respective transceiver 30 and each transmits radio frequency signals that can be advantageously and / or destructively combined to form a beam. Applicable to various communication standards, electronic device 10 may include multiple transmitters, multiple receivers, multiple transceivers, and / or multiple antennas. In some implementations, transmitter 52 and receiver 54 may transmit and receive information via other wired or wired systems or devices.

[0037] As shown in the figure, various components of electronic device 10 can be coupled together via bus system 56. Bus system 56 may include, for example, a data bus, as well as power buses, control signal buses, and status signal buses in addition to the data bus. Components of electronic device 10 can be coupled together or use some other mechanism to accept or provide input to each other.

[0038] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of a transmitter 52 (e.g., a transmitting circuit) according to an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown, the transmitter 52 can receive outgoing data 60 to be transmitted via one or more antennas 55 in the form of a digital signal. A digital filter 61 (e.g., a filter circuit system and / or software) of the transmitter 52 can remove components outside the desired frequency range from the digital signal. In some cases, the digital filter 61 can be tuned to a specific frequency range or a fixed step size (e.g., filter components outside a specific frequency range or fixed step size), such as a radio frequency (RF) channel bandwidth (e.g., 5 MHz, 10 MHz, etc.). In other cases, the digital filter 61 can be tuned to any allocatable bandwidth (e.g., 1 MHz or less, 5 MHz or less, 10 MHz or less, etc.). The digital filter 61 can include any suitable filter that performs digital signal processing, including, for example, linear filters, causal filters, time-invariant filters, stable filters, finite impulse response (FIR) filters, etc. The digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 62 of transmitter 52 converts a digital signal into an analog signal, and the modulator 64 combines the converted analog signal with a carrier signal to generate radio waves. A power amplifier (PA) 66 receives the modulated signal from the modulator 64. The power amplifier 66 amplifies the modulated signal to a suitable level to drive its transmission via one or more antennas 55. An analog filter 68 (e.g., filter circuitry and / or software) of transmitter 52 then removes unwanted noise from the amplified signal to produce transmitted data 70 to be transmitted via one or more antennas 55. The analog filter 68 may include any suitable filters for removing unwanted noise from the amplified signal, such as bandpass filters, bandstop filters, low-pass filters, high-pass filters, and / or decimation filters. Additionally, transmitter 52 may include any suitable additional components not shown, or may exclude some of the components shown, such that transmitter 52 can transmit the transmitted data 60 via one or more antennas 55. For example, transmitter 52 may include a mixer and / or a digital up-converter. As another example, if the power amplifier 66 outputs the amplified signal within or approximately within the desired frequency range (so that filtering of the amplified signal is not necessary), then the transmitter 52 may not include the analog filter 68.

[0039] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of a receiver 54 (e.g., a receiving circuit) according to an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown, receiver 54 can receive received data 80 from one or more antennas 55 in the form of an analog signal. A low-noise amplifier (LNA) 82 can amplify the received analog signal to a suitable level for processing by receiver 54. An analog filter 84 (e.g., a filter circuitry and / or software) can remove unwanted noise, such as cross-channel interference, from the received signal. The analog filter 84 can also remove additional signals received by one or more antennas 55 at frequencies different from the desired signal. The analog filter 84 can include any suitable filters for removing unwanted noise or signals from the received signal, such as bandpass filters, bandstop filters, low-pass filters, high-pass filters, and / or decimation filters. A demodulator 86 can remove the radio frequency envelope from the filtered signal and / or extract the demodulated signal from the filtered signal for processing. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 88 can receive the demodulated analog signal and convert the signal into a digital signal. The digital filter 89 of receiver 54 (e.g., filter circuitry and / or software) removes components outside the desired frequency range from the digital signal to produce incoming data 90 for further processing by electronic device 10. In some cases, the digital filter 89 may be tuned to a specific frequency range or a fixed step size (e.g., filter components outside a specific frequency range or fixed step size), such as the RF channel bandwidth (e.g., 5 MHz, 10 MHz, etc.). In other cases, the digital filter 89 may be tuned to any allocatable bandwidth (e.g., 1 MHz or less, 5 MHz or less, 10 MHz or less, etc.). The digital filter 89 may include any suitable filter performing digital signal processing, including, for example, linear filters, causal filters, time-invariant filters, stable filters, finite impulse response (FIR) filters, etc. Additionally, receiver 54 may include any suitable additional components not shown, or may exclude some of the components shown, such that receiver 54 can receive the received data 80 via one or more antennas 55. For example, receiver 54 may include a mixer and / or a digital downconverter.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a communication system 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the communication system including communication coupling to a wireless communication network 102 supported by base stations 104A, 104B (collectively referred to as 104). Figure 1User equipment 10. Specifically, base station 104 may include a next-generation NodeB (gNodeB or gNB) base station and may provide 5G / New Radio (NR) coverage to user equipment 10 via wireless communication network 102. Base station 104 may include any suitable electronic equipment, such as a communication hub or node, that facilitates, supports, and / or implements network 102. In some embodiments, base station 104 may include an evolved NodeB (eNodeB) base station and may provide 4G / LTE coverage to user equipment 10 via wireless communication network 102. Each of user equipment 10 and base station 104 may include Figure 1 and Figure 2 At least some of the components of the electronic device 10 shown include one or more processors 12, memory 14, storage device 16, transceiver 30, transmitter 52, receiver 54, and... Figure 4 The associated circuitry system is shown herein. It should be understood that while this disclosure may use 5G / NR as an example specification or standard, the embodiments disclosed herein may be applied to other suitable specifications or standards (e.g., such as 4G / LTE specifications). Furthermore, network 102 may include any suitable number of base stations 104 (e.g., one or more base stations 104, four or more base stations 104, ten or more base stations 104, etc.).

[0041] As previously discussed, the 5G NR Radio Access Technology (RAT) developed by 3GPP supports several standard channel bandwidths (e.g., 5MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz, etc.), as defined by 3GPP Technical Specification (TS) 38.101-1. In most cases, regulators and network operators (e.g., network 102, via base station 104) can allocate radio frequency (RF) spectrum (in the form of channels) in relatively large blocks that can be aligned with these standard channel bandwidths. However, in some cases, network 102 may allocate RF spectrum of irregular sizes, which may not be perfectly aligned with these standard channel bandwidths. This may occur, for example, when existing non-International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) spectrum is reallocated or reconfigured to IMT (e.g., third-generation (3G), fourth-generation (4G), or 5G) spectrum, because legacy or obsolete services use non-IMT spectrum with different channel sizes.

[0042] Figure 6This is a frequency map of non-IMT channels that have been reallocated to IMT spectrum. Specifically, as shown, non-IMT television (TV) bands 52 to 54 (each with a bandwidth of 6 MHz) have been reconfigured into 3GPP uplink (UL) bands 12 and 85, with irregular or non-standard bandwidth sizes of 17 MHz and 18 MHz, respectively. Similarly, non-IMT TV bands 57 to 59 (each with a bandwidth of 6 MHz) have been reconfigured into 3GPP downlink (DL) bands 12 and 85, with irregular or non-standard bandwidth sizes of 17 MHz and 18 MHz, respectively. Support for these irregular RF spectrum bands, which may include 6 MHz, 7 MHz, 11 MHz, 12 MHz, 13 MHz, etc., is increasingly being requested by network operators. Typically, regular or standard channel bandwidths can be multiples of 5 MHz (e.g., 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, etc.), so irregular channel bandwidths may include 1 to 4 MHz, 6 to 9 MHz, 11 to 14 MHz, 16 to 19 MHz, etc.

[0043] In some implementations, for allocated spectrum with irregular channel bandwidth, network 102 may configure the channel or carrier bandwidth of the allocated spectrum to the next lower or smaller standard channel size. For example, if the channel bandwidth of the allocated spectrum is 7 MHz, network 102 may configure the channel bandwidth to 5 MHz (e.g., configure it as the effective bandwidth). In some implementations, the allocated channel may be a portion of bandwidth as defined by the 5G specification (e.g., a set of consecutive physical resource blocks selected from a consecutive subset of common resource blocks of a given number on a given carrier). In some cases, network 102 may configure the allocated channel as two overlapping channels of the next lower standard channel size (e.g., a lower channel and a higher channel). This may be particularly useful for user equipment 10 that may not have filtering capabilities (e.g., via digital filter 61 for transmission or digital filter 89 for reception) to filter irregular channel bandwidth (e.g., 7 MHz), such as legacy or legacy user equipment. Figure 7 This is a frequency map of an allocated channel 110 with an irregular bandwidth of 7 MHz according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Network 102 has configured two overlapping channels 112 and 114 for the irregular bandwidth, each having a bandwidth of the next lower standard channel size (5 MHz). Each of the lower configured channel 112 and the higher configured channel 114 is shown as having 25 resource blocks 116 (indexed from 0 to 24), each resource block having a bandwidth of 180 kHz, thereby achieving a total bandwidth of 4.5 MHz. The lower channel 112 may share the lowest frequency with the allocated channel 110, while the higher channel 114 may share the highest frequency with the allocated channel 110; however, it should be understood that any channel within the allocated channel 110 is envisioned to have the next lower standard channel size.

[0044] In additional or alternative implementations, for allocated spectrum with irregular channel bandwidth, network 102 may configure the channel or carrier bandwidth to the next higher or larger standard channel size. For example, if the channel bandwidth is 7 MHz, network 102 may configure the channel bandwidth to 10 MHz. Figure 8 The frequency diagram of channel 110 with an irregular bandwidth of 7 MHz according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Network 102 has configured channel 120 with a bandwidth of the next higher standard channel size (10 MHz) for the irregular bandwidth. The bandwidth of channel 120 is shown as having 52 resource blocks (indexed 0 to 51), each resource block having a bandwidth of 180 kHz, thereby achieving a total effective bandwidth of 9.36 MHz. However, resource blocks 0 to 8 and 44 to 51 can be limited to 122 (shown in shaded areas) such that the effective bandwidth 124 is equal to (e.g., the effective bandwidth of irregular channel 110) the allocated bandwidth, which is shown as having 35 resource blocks (indexed 9 to 43), each resource block having a bandwidth of 180 kHz, thereby achieving a total effective bandwidth of 6.3 MHz.

[0045] As shown, this is relative to the allocated bandwidth (e.g.) Figure 7 Compared to the next lower standard channel size (as shown in the diagram), use relative to the allocated bandwidth (such as...). Figure 8 The next higher standard channel size (as shown in the diagram) advantageously allows user equipment 10 to utilize all resource blocks 116 of the allocated channel. However, since network 102 configures user equipment 10 to have the next higher standard channel size, the digital filter 61 (in the case of transmission) or digital filter 89 (in the case of reception) of user equipment 10 may be configured to filter a larger bandwidth (e.g., the next higher standard channel size) rather than the effective bandwidth 124. This can pose a problem when another carrier signal (e.g., a blocking signal) with an allocated spectrum approaching an irregular bandwidth is present.

[0046] For example, Figure 9This is a frequency diagram showing the allocated spectrum 130 with a bandwidth of 10 MHz, where user equipment 10 has configured its digital filters 61, 89 to a standard channel size or a bandwidth of 10 MHz (e.g., to match the allocated bandwidth). Specifically, the allocated spectrum 130 includes desired or useful signals with 52 resource blocks (RBs), each with a bandwidth of 180 kHz, thus totaling an effective bandwidth of 9.36 MHz. Therefore, when a blocking signal 132 (e.g., with a bandwidth of 5 MHz) is present near or adjacent to the allocated spectrum 130 (e.g., the blocking signal exists on a channel sharing a frequency or frequency boundary with the allocated spectrum 130), the blocking signal 132 may not interfere with the allocated spectrum 130.

[0047] However, when the bandwidth of the allocated spectrum 130 is less than the standard channel size of 10 MHz, but the user equipment 10 still has its digital filters 61, 89 configured to the standard channel size, the blocking signal 132 may interfere with the allocated spectrum 130. For example, Figure 10 This is a frequency diagram showing the allocated spectrum 140 with a bandwidth of 9 MHz, where user equipment 10 has configured its digital filters 61, 89 to a standard channel size or a bandwidth of 10 MHz. Specifically, the allocated spectrum 140 includes the desired or useful signal with 46 RBs, each RB having a bandwidth of 180 kHz, thus totaling an effective bandwidth of 8.28 MHz. Therefore, when a blocking signal 132 is present near or adjacent to the allocated spectrum 130, the blocking signal 132 may overlap with or fall within the inner range 142 of the digital filters (e.g., the frequency range through which the signal component passes under the digital filters 61, 89). Specifically, Figure 10 The blocking signal 132 falls within 0.5 MHz of the internal range 142 of the digital filter. As shown, the digital filters 61 and 89 may not block this portion of the blocking signal 132, which could result in at least some degradation of the signal received in the allocated spectrum 130. For example, the signal quality and / or signal quality in the allocated spectrum 130 may be degraded. In some cases, noise caused by the blocking signal 132 within the frequency range 142 can be combined or folded into the desired signal in the allocated spectrum 130, and the desired signal may not be rejected by the analog filters 68 and 84. Figure 11(A frequency diagram showing the allocated spectrum 140 with a bandwidth of 6 MHz is shown.) This illustrates an even more affected scenario where user equipment 10 has configured its digital filters 61, 89 to a standard channel size or a bandwidth of 10 MHz. Specifically, the allocated spectrum 144 includes the desired or useful signal with 35 RBs, each with a bandwidth of 180 kHz, thus totaling an effective bandwidth of 6.3 MHz. As shown, the blocking signal 132 overlaps with or falls within an even larger portion (e.g., 1.5 MHz) of the internal range 146 of the digital filter, thereby further degrading the signal received in the allocated spectrum 130.

[0048] In some cases, the digital filters 61, 89 of user equipment 10 can filter the irregular bandwidth of the allocated channel with sufficiently granular step sizes (e.g., 1 MHz, 2 MHz, etc.). In such cases, user equipment 10 can send an indication of this capability to network 102, which can then configure the channel to the next higher standard channel size, thereby enabling user equipment 10 to filter this larger channel bandwidth into the allocated irregular bandwidth. In other cases, the digital filters 61, 89 of user equipment 10 may not be able to filter the irregular bandwidth of the allocated channel with sufficiently granular step sizes. Therefore, user equipment 10 can send an indication that it lacks this capability to network 102, which can then configure the channel to the next lower standard channel size, thereby avoiding the need for user equipment 10 to filter the larger channel bandwidth into the allocated irregular bandwidth. Furthermore, in the presence of blocking signals interfering with the allocated spectrum, network 102 can configure the channel to the next higher standard channel size.

[0049] Network 102 can configure the irregular bandwidth of the allocated channels into multiple channels with bandwidths of the next lower standard channel size and the next higher channel size. Figure 12 According to an embodiment of this disclosure, a frequency map of allocated channel 110 with irregular bandwidth (e.g., 7 MHz) is provided. Network 102 is configured with a lower channel 112 having the next smaller standard channel size, a higher channel 114 having the next smaller standard channel size, and a larger channel 120 having the next higher standard channel size. Specifically, network 102 can align resource blocks 116 of the lower channel 112, higher channel 114, and larger channel 120 to enable multiple user equipment 10s to coexist using the allocated channels. For user equipment 10s using the larger channel 120, there may be a limitation on the number of schedulable resource blocks. That is, shadowed resource blocks 122 outside the irregular bandwidth of the allocated channel 110 may not be scheduled, while unshadowed resource blocks 116 within the irregular bandwidth may be scheduled.

[0050] As previously noted, baseline or legacy user equipment 10 may not have the capability to tune its digital filters 61, 89 to filter irregular bandwidths in the allocated channels, while more advanced or modern user equipment 10 may have this capability. Irregular bandwidths can be transmitted from network 102 to user equipment 10 in the bandwidth portion size field of the System Information Block (SIB). Figure 13 This is an example of network 102 transmitting irregular bandwidth to user equipment 10 according to an embodiment of this disclosure. SIB 150 may indicate a carrier bandwidth (“carrier bandwidth”) 152 corresponding to the channel size and the actual allocated bandwidth (“locationAndBandwidth”) 154. As shown, the carrier bandwidth 152 may be expressed in physical resource blocks (e.g., 52 PRBs), and the allocated bandwidth 154 (e.g., 35 PRBs) may also be expressed in this way. Upon receiving SIB 150, user equipment 10 may compare the carrier bandwidth 152 with the allocated bandwidth 154. If they are equal, user equipment 10 may determine that the allocated bandwidth 154 has a standard channel size (e.g., 5MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz, etc.), and its digital filters 61, 89 may be configured for filtering (regardless of whether it is a legacy or more advanced user equipment 10). If the carrier bandwidth 152 is not equal to the allocated bandwidth 154, user equipment 10 may determine that the allocated bandwidth 154 has an irregular or non-standard channel size. To distinguish between a first case, such as when network 102 allocates a channel with a standard bandwidth (e.g., 10MHz) having a smaller allocated bandwidth or bandwidth portion (e.g., 7MHz), and a second case, when network 102 allocates an irregular channel with a non-standard bandwidth (e.g., 7MHz) but configures the next larger standard channel (with a bandwidth of 10MHz), network 102 may explicitly provide indications for the first and / or second case using corresponding signaling. Alternatively, if no explicit signaling is provided, user equipment 10 may use operable frequency information (e.g., received via SIB 150) to determine whether the allocated band can have an irregular channel, for which digital filters (e.g., 61, 89) may be optimized (e.g., to filter the non-standard bandwidth). In this case, user equipment 10 may then indicate to network 102 whether it is capable of filtering the allocated bandwidth 154. In the case of more advanced user equipment 10, its digital filters 61, 89 can filter the allocated bandwidth 154 (the actual bandwidth portion) in appropriate increments (e.g., 1MHz, 2MHz, etc.).

[0051] User equipment 10 may transmit its ability to filter the allocated bandwidth 154 in any suitable manner or technique, such as via a 1-bit capability field; a series of fields corresponding to discrete channel bandwidths (e.g., including irregular channel bandwidths), to which digital filters 61, 89 can be tuned; indicators that user equipment 10 can tune its digital filters 61, 89 to intermediate channel bandwidths (e.g., indicating that one or more digital filters 61, 89 can be tuned to a specific bandwidth step size, such as 1MHz, 2MHz, etc., or increment sizes), etc. It should be understood that this capability may be transmitted for each user equipment 10 and / or each operational frequency band. One reason for implementing this capability for each operational frequency band is that not all frequency bands have irregular channel bandwidths, and therefore, the 10 digital filters (e.g., 61, 89) of the user equipment may only be tested for a specific frequency band. Furthermore, any of these indications may be transmitted and / or combined. For example, user equipment 10 can indicate via a 1-bit indicator that it can filter the allocated bandwidth 154 or a portion of the configured bandwidth, and subsequently, user equipment 10 can tune its digital filters 61, 89 to the next larger bandwidth size with a step size of 1 MHz. In some embodiments, information regarding which operational frequency bands have irregular channels and which irregular channels are available can be obtained from standard specifications.

[0052] Figure 14 This is a flowchart of a method 160 for utilizing an allocated channel with irregular bandwidth according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Method 160 can be executed by any suitable device (e.g., a controller) that can control components (such as processor 12) of user equipment 10, network 102, and / or base station 104. In some embodiments, method 160 can be implemented by using processor 12 to execute instructions stored in a tangible, non-transitory computer-readable medium such as memory 14 or storage device 16. For example, method 160 can be executed at least in part by one or more software components, such as an operating system for user equipment 10, network 102, and / or base station 104; one or more software applications for user equipment 10, network 102, and / or base station 104, etc. Although method 160 is described using a specific order of steps, it should be understood that the present disclosure contemplates that the described steps may be performed in a different order than shown, and that some described steps may be skipped or not performed at all.

[0053] Network 102 and / or base station 104 can receive or determine carrier bandwidth (e.g., having a standard channel size) and allocate bandwidth. Network 102 can also send an indication of the carrier bandwidth and allocated bandwidth to user equipment 10. Specifically, network 102 can... Figure 13The SIB 150 shown is sent to user equipment 10, and the SIB can indicate the carrier bandwidth 152 corresponding to the channel size and the actual allocated bandwidth 154. In this way, user equipment 10 can receive instructions (e.g., via receiver 54 of user equipment 10).

[0054] In decision block 162, network 102 and / or base station 104 determine whether the allocated bandwidth is related to or equal to a standard channel size (e.g., 5MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz, etc.). If so, in processing block 164, network 102 and / or base station 104 configure user equipment 10 (e.g., for transmitting, receiving, or both) to communicate using a channel, for example, transmitter 52 of base station 104 using a standard channel bandwidth equal to the allocated bandwidth. That is, because the allocated bandwidth has a standard channel bandwidth, user equipment 10 (e.g., including legacy user equipment 10 that may not have the ability to filter irregular bandwidth) can communicate using the allocated bandwidth without needing to filter irregular or non-standard channel bandwidth. Furthermore, there is no concern about blocking signals 132 interfering within the internal range of digital filters 61, 89 of user equipment 10. In processing block 165, user equipment 10 uses its digital filters 61, 89 to filter the standard channel bandwidth, and in processing block 166, user equipment 10 communicates with network 102 via base station 104 using a channel configured by network 102 with standard channel bandwidth.

[0055] Returning to decision box 162, if network 102 and / or base station 104 determine that the allocated bandwidth is not equal to (e.g., less than) the standard bandwidth, then in decision box 168, network 102 and / or base station 104 determine whether there is a blocking signal 132 that is close to or adjacent to the allocated spectrum / bandwidth, such as... Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown in the diagram. If not, the blocking signal 132 may not interfere with the allocated channel, and in processing block 170, network 102 and / or base station 104 configure user equipment 10 for operation (e.g., for transmitting, receiving, or both) on a bandwidth greater than the allocated bandwidth (e.g., the bandwidth of the next higher standard channel) using, for example, transmitter 52 of base station 104. Figure 12Using the allocated channel 110 as an example, network 102 and / or base station 104 may cause or schedule user equipment 10 to operate on a larger channel 120 with a next higher standard channel bandwidth (e.g., 10MHz) compared to the standard channel bandwidth of the allocated channel 110 (e.g., 7MHz). Network 102 and / or base station 104 may enforce a limit on the number of schedulable resource blocks. That is, network 102 and / or base station 104 may prevent shadowed resource blocks 122 outside the irregular bandwidth of the allocated channel 110 from being used or scheduled by user equipment 10, while allowing unshadowed resource blocks 116 within the irregular bandwidth to be used or scheduled by user equipment 10.

[0056] At processing block 172, user equipment 10 reports its filtering capabilities to network 102 via base station 104 (e.g., via transmitter 52 of user equipment 10). That is, user equipment 10 can receive allocated bandwidth or a portion of bandwidth from base station 104 (e.g., as transmitted by base station 104 and...). Figure 13 (The portion of SIB 150 shown in the diagram). User equipment 10 can then determine whether it can filter the allocated bandwidth and report this determination to network 102. For example, in the case of an allocated irregular bandwidth of 7 MHz, user equipment 10 determines whether it can filter the 7 MHz bandwidth and reports this determination to network 102 via base station 104. If not, user equipment 10 can send an indication that it cannot filter the allocated bandwidth to base station 104. This may be the case if user equipment 10 is an older or legacy user equipment. In additional or alternative embodiments, user equipment 10 can send an indication of its filterable frequency or frequency range, the types of filters available (e.g., 61, 89), etc., to base station 104. In some embodiments, in response to determining that the allocated bandwidth is different from the standard bandwidth (e.g., as shown in the diagram), Figure 13 The carrier bandwidth 152 shown herein may be determined by the user equipment 10 only to determine whether it can filter the allocated bandwidth and / or to report its filtering capability. Any of these instructions or any of the instructions disclosed herein may be in the form of setting bits for fields, signals, etc., transmitted between the user equipment 10 and the base station 104.

[0057] In decision block 174, network 102 and / or base station 104 determine whether user equipment 10 is capable of filtering the allocated bandwidth (e.g., based on an instruction sent from user equipment 10 in processing block 172). If so, in processing block 176, network 102 configures user equipment 10 via base station 104 to operate on the next higher standard channel bandwidth, greater than the allocated bandwidth, using, for example, transmitter 52 of base station 104, as described above for processing block 170. In a particular embodiment associated with the configuration signaling in processing block 176, network 102 may also explicitly instruct (e.g., by signaling to user equipment 10) via base station 104 to use non-standard channel bandwidth for user equipment 10 to optimize its filter configuration (e.g., to filter non-standard channel bandwidth). Figure 12 Using the assigned channel 110 as an example, network 102 may enable or schedule user equipment 10 to operate on a larger channel 120 that has the next higher standard channel bandwidth compared to the assigned channel 110.

[0058] In processing block 178a, user equipment 10 can then use its digital filters 61, 89 to process non-standard, irregularly allocated bandwidth (e.g., at least partially generated by...). Figure 12 The 7MHz unshaded resource block 116 shown in the diagram is filtered to avoid interference from the blocking signal 132 within the internal range of the digital filters 61, 89. Whether the user equipment 10 tunes its digital filters 61, 89 to a non-standard bandwidth (as shown in processing block 178) or to a standard bandwidth (as shown in processing block 165) depends on the configuration provided by the network 102. The configuration can be explicitly transmitted (in processing block 176) or implicitly inferred by the user equipment 10 based on 3GPP band information on when and / or where the communication channel is configured. In processing block 166, using a channel configured by the network 102 with the next higher standard channel bandwidth relative to the allocated bandwidth, the user equipment 10 then communicates with the network 102 via the base station 104.

[0059] If, in decision block 174, network 102 and / or base station 104 determine that user equipment 10 cannot filter the allocated bandwidth, then in processing block 180, network 102 configures user equipment 10 via base station 104 to operate on, for example, a transmitter 52 of base station 104, on the next lower standard channel bandwidth (e.g., for transmission, reception, or both) that is less than the allocated bandwidth. Figure 12Taking the allocated channel 110 as an example, network 102 can cause or schedule user equipment 10 to operate on a lower or higher channel 112, 114 with a next smaller standard channel size (e.g., 5MHz) relative to the standard channel size of the allocated channel 110 (e.g., 7MHz). When the lower channel 112 or the higher channel 114 is respectively within the allocated channel 110, interference from the blocking signal 132 within the internal range of the digital filters 61, 89 of user equipment 10 can be avoided. In processing block 165, user equipment 10 uses its digital filters 61, 89 to filter for the next smaller standard channel size, and in processing block 166, user equipment 10 then communicates with network 102 and / or base station 104 using a channel configured by network 102 having a bandwidth relative to the allocated bandwidth of the next lower standard channel. As shown, in processing blocks 164 (e.g., where the allocated bandwidth is equal to the standard channel bandwidth), 170 (e.g., where blocking signal 132 is present), and 180 (e.g., where user equipment 10 may not be able to filter irregular non-standard bandwidth), user equipment 10 can avoid filtering irregular non-standard bandwidth (as reflected in processing block 178). In this way, method 160 enables network 102 and user equipment 10 to utilize the allocated channel with irregular bandwidth.

[0060] The specific embodiments described above have been illustrated by way of example, and it should be understood that various modifications and alternatives are permissible. It should also be understood that the claims are not intended to limit us to the specific forms disclosed, but rather to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the substance and scope of this disclosure.

[0061] The techniques described herein and protected by the claims are referenced and applied to specific examples of physical and practical nature, which significantly improve the technical field and are therefore not abstract, intangible, or purely theoretical. Furthermore, if any claim appended to the end of this specification contains one or more elements designated as "means for [performing] [function]..." or "steps for [performing] [function]...", those elements shall be interpreted in accordance with 35U.SC112(f). However, for any claim containing elements designated in any other manner, those elements shall not be interpreted in accordance with 35U.SC112(f).

[0062] As is widely recognized, the use of personally identifiable information should comply with privacy policies and practices that are generally accepted to meet or exceed industry or governmental requirements for protecting user privacy. Specifically, personally identifiable information data should be managed and processed to minimize the risk of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly explained to users.

Claims

1. An electronic device, comprising: A transmitter configured to configure user equipment; A receiver configured to communicate with user equipment; and A processing circuitry system, communicatively coupled to the transmitter and the receiver, is configured to... The receiver of the electronic device receives an indication regarding the user equipment's ability to filter the allocated bandwidth. Based on the allocated bandwidth of the standard bandwidth, the transmitter instructs the user equipment to use the first standard bandwidth; as well as Based on an indication that the user equipment has the ability to filter the allocated bandwidth, the presence of a blocking signal, and the fact that the allocated bandwidth is an irregular bandwidth, the transmitter instructs the user equipment to use a second standard bandwidth greater than the allocated bandwidth, wherein the blocking signal is located outside the allocated bandwidth.

2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to instruct the user equipment to use the second standard bandwidth via the transmitter based on an indication that the blocking signal is absent or that the user equipment has the capability to filter the allocated bandwidth.

3. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein the blocking signal comprises a carrier signal configured to be adjacent to an allocated channel having an allocated bandwidth.

4. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine the presence of the blocking signal based on whether the allocated bandwidth is related to the standard bandwidth.

5. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to instruct the user equipment via the transmitter to use a third standard bandwidth less than the allocated bandwidth, based on the user equipment's lack of the ability to filter the allocated bandwidth.

6. The electronic device of claim 5, wherein the allocated channel is associated with the allocated bandwidth, the standard channel is associated with the third standard bandwidth, and the standard channel includes the lowest frequency of the allocated channel.

7. The electronic device of claim 5, wherein the allocated channel is associated with the allocated bandwidth, the standard channel is associated with the third standard bandwidth, and the standard channel includes the highest frequency of the allocated channel.

8. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the second standard bandwidth includes a first plurality of resource blocks disposed within the allocated bandwidth and a second plurality of resource blocks disposed outside the allocated bandwidth.

9. The electronic device of claim 8, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to schedule the first plurality of resource blocks for use by the user equipment and not to schedule the second plurality of resource blocks.

10. A method performed by a communication hub, the method comprising: The processing circuitry system using the communication hub receives an indication from the user equipment regarding the user equipment's ability to filter the allocated bandwidth. The processing circuitry system using the communication hub instructs the user equipment to use the first standard bandwidth based on the allocated bandwidth, which is the standard bandwidth. as well as Based on the fact that the allocated bandwidth is irregular, the user equipment sends an indication of whether the user equipment is capable of filtering the allocated bandwidth, and there is a blocking signal, the processing circuit system instructs the user equipment to use a second standard bandwidth greater than the allocated bandwidth, wherein the blocking signal is located outside the allocated bandwidth.

11. The method of claim 10, the method comprising using the processing circuitry to prevent resource blocks of the second standard bandwidth outside the allocated bandwidth from being used by the user equipment.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the first standard bandwidth comprises the standard channel size according to the 3GPP 5G specification.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein the allocated bandwidth includes a non-standard channel size according to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) 5G standard.

14. A method performed by a user equipment, the method comprising: The carrier bandwidth and allocated bandwidth are received at the receiver of the user equipment; The user equipment's processing circuitry system determines that the carrier bandwidth is not equal to the allocated bandwidth; The processing circuitry system is used to determine whether one or more filters of the user equipment are capable of filtering the allocated bandwidth. Using the processing circuitry system and transmitter of the user equipment, the user equipment is instructed to use a first standard bandwidth based on the allocated bandwidth of the standard bandwidth. as well as Using the processing circuitry and the transmitter, based on the fact that the allocated bandwidth is irregular, the user equipment has an indication that it has the ability to filter the allocated bandwidth, and the presence of a blocking signal, the user equipment is instructed to use a second standard bandwidth greater than the allocated bandwidth, wherein the blocking signal is located outside the allocated bandwidth.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein determining whether the one or more filters of the user equipment are capable of filtering the allocated bandwidth is performed in response to determining, using the processing circuitry of the user equipment, that the carrier bandwidth is not equal to the allocated bandwidth.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein the one or more filters of the user equipment comprise digital filters.

17. The method of claim 14, wherein the receiver comprises the one or more filters.

18. The method of claim 14, wherein the transmitter comprises the one or more filters.

19. The method of claim 14, wherein the indication includes a 1-bit capability field.

20. The method of claim 14, wherein the indication includes a series of fields corresponding to discrete channel bandwidth.

21. The method of claim 14, wherein the indication indicates that the one or more filters can be tuned to a specific bandwidth step size.

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