Method and device for suppressing ringing in submarine cable four-component seismic data and electronic equipment

Abstract

The application provides a seabed cable four-component seismic data ringing suppression method, device and electronic equipment. The method performs the following steps on the four-component seismic data obtained by seabed cable double-check seismic exploration: S1: simultaneously performing matched filtering on an X-component transverse wave model established based on a first X component of a P wave signal, a Y-component transverse wave model established based on a first Y component of the P wave signal and the Z component, to obtain a first Z component after transverse wave noise suppression; S2: establishing a global balance calibration operator by performing autocorrelation and cross-correlation operations on a cross-ghosted first Z component and a cross-ghosted P component; S3: correcting the Z component by using the global balance calibration operator to obtain a second Z component, and merging the second Z component and the cross-ghosted P component, so as to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the seismic data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of marine seismic exploration, and in particular to a method, apparatus and electronic equipment for suppressing seismic noise from four-component seismic data of submarine cables. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the main methods for marine seismic exploration include offshore towed cable seismic exploration and dual-detection (water and land detection) seismic exploration using submarine cables. For seismic data obtained from offshore towed cable seismic exploration, noise interference can be eliminated using methods such as noise filters or predictive deconvolution. However, for seismic data obtained from dual-detection seismic exploration using submarine cables, the generation mechanism and representation of noise differ from those of offshore towed cable seismic exploration data, making it difficult to simply apply the same solutions.

[0003] In existing methods for suppressing seismic noise from four-component submarine cable seismic data, the combined processing of land and sea seismic data is commonly used. Compensation for notch waves is the primary criterion for judging the effectiveness of the noise suppression process. Land-sea seismic data merging requires that the noise interference in the land-sea seismic data not be affected. However, in actual processing, the shear wave noise contained in the Z component alters the amplitude, phase, and waveform characteristics of the noise interference in the land-sea seismic data, making it impossible to completely cancel out the noise interference with opposite polarities. Currently, shear wave suppression and land-sea seismic data merging for four-component submarine seismic data often rely on conventional processing based on past experience, without a specific processing procedure. This results in unsatisfactory noise suppression effects from land-sea seismic data merging, leading to low signal-to-noise ratio and resolution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method, apparatus, and electronic device for suppressing seismic noise from four-component seismic data acquired via submarine cables. These methods can broaden the frequency band of four-component seismic data acquired via submarine cables and improve the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the data.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for suppressing noise from four-component seismic data of submarine cables. This method performs the following steps on four-component seismic data obtained from dual-detection seismic exploration of submarine cables: S1: Simultaneously perform matched filtering on the X-component shear wave model established based on the first X-component after removing the P-wave signal, the Y-component shear wave model established based on the first Y-component after removing the P-wave signal, and the Z-component to obtain the first Z-component after suppressing shear wave noise; S2: Establish a global equilibrium calibration operator by performing autocorrelation and cross-correlation operations on the cross-ghosted first Z-component and the cross-ghosted P-component; S3: Use the global equilibrium calibration operator to correct the Z-component to obtain the second Z-component, and merge the second Z-component and the cross-ghosted P-component.

[0007] As described in the first aspect, after effectively removing the effective P-wave signal from the X and Y components, establishing X-component and Y-component shear wave models, and then applying pre-stack simultaneous matched filtering technology to suppress shear wave noise in the Z component, the influence of shear wave noise can be eliminated, creating conditions for PZ component merging. Furthermore, based on the effective shear wave noise suppression results of the Z component, the difference between the PZ components can be weakened through PZ component cross-ghosting technology. With the P component as the target, a global equalization calibration operator is established, and after correcting the Z component, PZ merging can effectively compensate for the frequency components missing at the notch point, thereby suppressing vibration interference, widening the bandwidth, and improving the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in the first possible design scheme, before step S1, the method further includes: sorting the four-component seismic data into the common receiver point domain to obtain the X-component common receiver point gather, the Y-component common receiver point gather, and the P-component common receiver point gather.

[0009] As can be seen from the above method, the obtained four-component seismic data includes data obtained from multiple common receiver point domains. The correlation between seismic data obtained from different common receiver point domains is poor. In order to ensure the accuracy of the four-component seismic data processing results, the seismic data is sorted into common receiver point domains to ensure the accuracy of the subsequent sounding suppression processing method.

[0010] In conjunction with the first possible design scheme of the first aspect, in the second possible design scheme, the method further includes: performing dynamic correction on the X component common detector point gather, the Y component common detector point gather and the P component common detector point gather respectively to obtain the second X component, the second Y component and the first P component.

[0011] In conjunction with the second possible design scheme of the first aspect, in the third possible design scheme, step S1 specifically includes: using an adaptive subtraction method to remove the P-wave signal from the second X component and the first P component to obtain the first X component, and establishing an X component shear wave model based on the first X component; and using an adaptive subtraction method to remove the P-wave signal from the second Y component and the first P component to obtain the first Y component, and establishing a Y component shear wave model based on the first Y component; performing reaction correction processing on the X component shear wave model and the Y component shear wave model respectively to obtain the third X component and the third Y component; and using pre-stack simultaneous matched filtering to calculate the third X component, the third Y component, and the Z component to obtain the first Z component after suppressing shear wave noise.

[0012] As can be seen from the above method, after effectively removing the effective P-wave signal from the X and Y components, establishing the X-component shear wave model and the Y-component shear wave model, and then applying the pre-stack simultaneous matched filtering technique to suppress the shear wave noise in the Z component, the influence of amplitude, phase and waveform characteristics in the land-sea seismic interference can be reduced, thus eliminating the influence of shear wave noise and creating conditions for PZ component merging.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in the fourth possible design scheme, after step S1 and before step S2, the method further includes: performing a polarity reversal operation on the first Z component.

[0014] In conjunction with the fourth possible design scheme of the first aspect, in the fifth possible design scheme, step S2 specifically includes: performing cross-ghosting processing on the first Z component after polarity reversal operation, and performing cross-ghosting processing on the P component to obtain the third Z component and the second P component; analyzing and determining that the amplitude, frequency, and phase characteristics of the third Z component and the second P component are in a consistent state; performing autocorrelation and cross-correlation operations on the third Z component and the second P component to obtain the autocorrelation results of the Z component, the autocorrelation results of the P component, and the cross-correlation results of the PZ component; and establishing a global equilibrium calibration operator based on the autocorrelation results of the Z component, the autocorrelation results of the P component, and the cross-correlation results of the PZ component.

[0015] As can be seen from the above method, based on the effective shear wave noise suppression result of the Z component, the difference between the PZ components can be weakened by using the PZ component cross-ghosting technology. With the P component as the target, a global equalization calibration operator is established to correct the Z component. By merging the PZ components, the interference of opposite polarities in the water and land inspection can be completely added and canceled out, which effectively improves the shear wave denoising and the water and land inspection combined noise suppression method.

[0016] In conjunction with the fifth possible design scheme of the first aspect, in the sixth possible design scheme, a global equilibrium calibration operator is established based on the autocorrelation results of the Z component, the autocorrelation results of the P component, and the cross-correlation results of the PZ component. This includes: performing amplitude matched filtering operation on the autocorrelation results of the Z component and the autocorrelation results of the P component, and performing phase matched filtering operation on the cross-correlation results of the PZ component to obtain the amplitude matching factor and the phase matching factor; and obtaining the global equilibrium calibration operator based on the amplitude matching factor and the phase matching factor.

[0017] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a four-component seismic data noise suppression device for submarine cables. The device includes: a first processing module, used to simultaneously perform matched filtering on an X-component shear wave model established based on a first X-component after removing P-wave signals, a Y-component shear wave model established based on a first Y-component after removing P-wave signals, and a Z-component to obtain a first Z-component after suppressing shear wave noise; a second processing module, used to establish a global equilibrium calibration operator by performing autocorrelation and cross-correlation operations on the cross-ghosted first Z-component and the cross-ghosted P-component; and a third processing module, used to correct the Z-component using the global equilibrium calibration operator to obtain a second Z-component, and to merge the second Z-component and the cross-ghosted P-component.

[0018] Optionally, the first processing module, the second processing module, and the third processing module can also be integrated into a single module, such as a processing module, wherein the processing module is used to implement the processing and calculation functions of the four-component seismic data suppression device for the submarine cable.

[0019] Optionally, the submarine cable four-component seismic data suppression device of the second aspect may further include a storage module storing programs or instructions. When the processing module executes the program or instructions, the submarine cable four-component seismic data suppression device can perform the submarine cable four-component seismic data suppression method described in the first aspect.

[0020] Furthermore, the technical effect of the submarine cable four-component seismic data reverberation suppression device described in the second aspect can be referred to the technical effect of the submarine cable four-component seismic data reverberation suppression method described in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0021] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, which includes: a processing module, a communication bus, a communication interface, and a storage module; the communication bus is connected to the processing module, the communication interface, and the storage module respectively; the storage module stores computer-readable instructions, and when the processing module executes the readable instructions, it runs the submarine cable four-component seismic data reverberation suppression method in the first aspect and any possible design scheme combined with the first aspect.

[0022] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium including a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the submarine cable four-component seismic data reverberation suppression method in the first aspect and any possible design scheme in conjunction with the first aspect to be executed.

[0023] Fifthly, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to execute the submarine cable four-component seismic data reverberation suppression method in the first aspect and any possible design scheme in conjunction with the first aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for suppressing seismic noise from four-component seismic data of a submarine cable, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3(a) is an image corresponding to a common detector point gather of the X component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 3(b) is an image corresponding to a Y-component common detector point gather provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 3(c) is an image corresponding to a P-component common detector point gather provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 4(a) is an image corresponding to the X-component common detector gather motion correction provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 4(b) is an image corresponding to the dynamic correction of the Y component common detector gather provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 4(c) is an image corresponding to the dynamic correction of the P-component common detector point gather provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 5(a) is an image corresponding to a second X component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 5(b) is an image corresponding to a transverse wave model after removing the P-wave signal from the second X component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 5(c) is an image corresponding to the P-wave signal isolated by the second X component removal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 6(a) is an image corresponding to a second Y component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 6(b) is an image corresponding to a transverse wave model after removing the P-wave signal from the second Y component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 6(c) is an image corresponding to the P-wave signal isolated by the second Y component removal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 7(a) is an image corresponding to the Z component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 7(b) is an image corresponding to the first Z component after suppressing shear wave noise according to an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 7(c) is an image corresponding to a suppressed transverse wave noise provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 8 This application provides an embodiment of an image before Z-component correction using a global equalization calibration operator;

[0042] Figure 9 This application provides an embodiment of an image corresponding to the Z component after correction using a global equalization calibration operator;

[0043] Figure 10(a) is an image of a P-component common detector channel and its corresponding autocorrelation provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 10(b) is an image of a PZ component combined common detector gather and its corresponding autocorrelation provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a seismic suppression device for four-component seismic data of a submarine cable provided in this application embodiment;

[0046] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the communication device provided in the application embodiments Figure 1 ;

[0047] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the communication device provided in the application embodiments Figure 2 ;

[0048] Figure 14 Schematic diagram three of the communication device provided in the application embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this application, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] This application will present various aspects, embodiments, or features relating to systems that may include multiple devices, components, modules, etc. It should be understood and appreciated that individual systems may include additional devices, components, modules, etc., and / or may not include all the devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, combinations of these approaches are also possible.

[0052] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" in this application should not be construed as being better or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. In addition, in the embodiments of this application, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either one or the other.

[0053] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "information," "signal," "message," "channel," and "singaling" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, without emphasizing their distinction, they all convey the same meaning. Similarly, the terms "of," "corresponding (relevant)," and "corresponding" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, without emphasizing their distinction, they all convey the same meaning.

[0054] In the embodiments of this application, sometimes the subscript such as W1 may be mistakenly written as a non-subscript form such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meaning they express is the same.

[0055] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0056] Please see Figure 1 This application provides an electronic device 10 in some possible embodiments. The electronic device 10 can be a personal computer (PC), tablet computer, smartphone, personal digital assistant (PDA), etc., or the electronic device 10 can be a network server, database server, cloud server, or a server integration consisting of multiple sub-servers, etc.

[0057] Furthermore, as an alternative approach, the electronic device 10 may include: a storage module 111, a communication interface 112, a communication bus 113, and a processing module 114. The processing module 114, the communication interface 112, and the storage module 111 are connected via the communication bus 113. The processing module 114 is used to execute executable modules, such as computer programs, stored in the storage module 111. Figure 1 The components and structure of the electronic device 10 shown are merely exemplary and not limiting. The electronic device 10 may also have other components and structures as needed.

[0058] The storage module 111 may include high-speed random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device.

[0059] The communication bus 113 can be an ISA bus (Industry Standard Architecture), a PCI bus (Peripheral Component Interconnect), or an EISA bus (Extended Industry Standard Architecture), etc. Communication buses can be divided into address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 1 The symbol is represented by a single double-headed arrow, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0060] The processing module 114 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the above method can be completed by the integrated logic circuitry in the hardware of the processor 114 or by instructions in software form. The processing module 114 may be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it may also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components, capable of implementing or executing the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this invention. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this invention can be directly manifested as execution by a hardware decoding processor, or execution by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software modules may reside in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art.

[0061] The method executed by the device defined in this embodiment of the invention can be applied to or implemented by the processing module 114. The processing module 114 can cooperate with other modules or components in the electronic device 10 to execute the seismic suppression method for four-component seismic data of submarine cables. The execution of the seismic suppression method for four-component seismic data of submarine cables will be described in detail below.

[0062] With the development of marine seismic exploration, conventional offshore towed cable exploration can no longer meet the needs of seismic exploration. In recent years, foreign countries have used submarine cables for marine seismic exploration, and the use of submarine cable seismic exploration methods for data acquisition in shallow or even very shallow sea areas has achieved very good results.

[0063] As one possible implementation, the four-component seismic data obtained from dual-detection seismic exploration using submarine cables is acquired by a four-component acquisition system for submarine cables. Specifically, the four-component acquisition technology for submarine cables encapsulates a piezoelectric detector (water detector) and a velocity detector (land detector) together to simultaneously receive seismic waves. The four components refer to a pressure component detector, a vertical velocity component detector, and two orthogonal horizontal velocity detectors, which respectively record the P-wave pressure component (P-wave), the P-wave vertical velocity component (Z-wave), and the two perpendicular S-wave horizontal velocity components (X-wave and Y-wave).

[0064] A vertical velocity detector converts the velocity signal reflecting ground mechanical vibrations into an analog output voltage. Typically, a vertical velocity detector consists of a permanent magnet (also called a magnetic steel magnet), a coil, a damper, a spring plate, and a housing. The coil is connected to the housing via a spring plate positioned in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, and the housing is coupled to the ground. When a vibration from the ground is detected, the sensor begins to vibrate. Due to inertia, the coil and the magnetic plate move relative to each other. The movement of the coil in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet generates an induced electromotive force (EMF), the magnitude of which is determined by the relative speed of their motion.

[0065] The piezoelectric element in a piezoelectric detector is generally composed of piezoelectric ceramics. The detector base is integrated with the piezoelectric ceramics and a mass. When the detector is subjected to external force, the base and mass move together. Because the mass is relatively small compared to the base, its inertia is also small. Therefore, during the motion, an inertial force acting on the piezoelectric ceramics acts in the opposite direction of the acceleration. The piezoelectric ceramics utilize the piezoelectric effect to convert the water pressure changes caused by seismic waves into an electrical signal. The voltage generated by the piezoelectric detector is proportional to the vibration acceleration at the detector's location; therefore, the piezoelectric detector is also called an acceleration detector. Due to its simple structure, light weight, and wide frequency band, the piezoelectric detector is widely used in high-precision seismic exploration on land and in shallow to medium water (within 35m) and deep water (within 100m). In seismic exploration, detectors are vibration sensors; therefore, both vertical velocity detectors and piezoelectric detectors are single-degree-of-freedom vibration systems.

[0066] The four-component acquisition method of submarine cables simultaneously acquires velocity and pressure data at the same detector point. Both types of data include up-going and down-going waves. When the reflected waves from underground reach the seabed, we consider them to propagate approximately vertically. The first reflected seismic wave, after being reflected from the seabed, propagates upward and is received by the submarine cable; this is called the up-going wave. The seismic reflected waves, on the other hand, continue to propagate to the sea surface, are reflected there, and then propagate downward before being received by the detector; this is called the down-going wave.

[0067] Two sets of seismic data were acquired through dual-detection of submarine cables, and their merging process differs significantly from conventional processing procedures. Firstly, some common procedures in conventional processing can negatively impact the merging of dual-detection seismic data. For example, surface consistency amplitude compensation disrupts the amplitude ratio of the two sets of data, and deconvolution alters the waveform characteristics. A careful analysis of each step in conventional processing is necessary to study its impact on the merging effect. Noise is another crucial factor affecting the merging outcome. The response mechanisms of underwater and land-based geophones differ, resulting in different noise responses. A completely identical noise processing procedure cannot simultaneously meet the denoising requirements of both sets of seismic data. Therefore, it is necessary to research reasonable denoising methods based on the specific noise characteristics of the dual-detection data and develop a targeted denoising process.

[0068] In dual-sensor seismic data, surface waves (land-based), linear interference (water and land-based), and anomalous amplitude (water and land-based) are the main sources of interference noise. In addition, random noise, surge interference, tidal noise, industrial interference, and multiple waves are also widely present in dual-sensor data. These interferences need to be identified and suppressed in different gathers and different domains.

[0069] Water and land-based seismic sensors have different physical mechanisms and respond differently to the received seismic wave fields, exhibiting opposite polarity characteristics in reverberation and ghost waves. This difference forms the basis for using combined water and land-based sensor processing techniques to suppress reverberation and ghost waves. Specifically, a dual-sensor receiving system using submarine cables is employed, placing both land and water sensors at the same location to simultaneously receive seismic signals. The vertical velocity detector receives a vector value, where the ascending wave is positive and the descending wave is negative; while the piezoelectric detector output reflects the change in water pressure caused by the seismic wave, which is a scalar. The principle of OBC dual-sensor exploration utilizes the fact that the ascending waves received by the velocity and pressure detectors have the same polarity, while the descending waves have opposite polarities. Furthermore, the dual sensors exhibit different responses to seismic data in terms of amplitude, frequency, and phase. Therefore, if the received water and land-based sensor data are processed separately and then organically combined, the primary wave can be strengthened, and the reverberation can be mutually canceled, achieving the goal of suppressing reverberation.

[0070] Submarine cable dual-detection seismic exploration utilizes the different responses of land and sea detectors to the uplink and downlink wave fields, suppressing multiple waves such as sonic booms through dual-detection synthesis. Based on the characteristics of four-component seismic data, sonic booms in land and sea dual-detection records can be suppressed in two steps: first, suppressing sonic booms at the detector end; second, suppressing sonic booms at the shot end. Sonic booms generated at the detector end can be divided into two forms: one is sonic booms generated by waves excited by the seismic source within the water layer; the other is sonic booms generated by waves reflected from the subsurface interface penetrating the seabed and entering the water layer.

[0071] The Z component of velocity data usually contains severe shear wave interference. Before applying combined land and water detection to suppress reverberation, effectively suppressing the shear wave noise in the Z component after effectively removing the effective P-wave signal in the XY component is the premise and foundation for the effectiveness of reverberation suppression.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] Please see Figure 2 This application provides a method for suppressing seismic noise from four-component seismic data of a submarine cable in some possible embodiments. This method can be executed by an electronic device and may include steps S1, S2, and S3.

[0074] Step S1: Simultaneously perform matched filtering on the X component shear wave model established based on the first X component of the P-wave signal, the Y component shear wave model established based on the first Y component of the P-wave signal, and the Z component to obtain the first Z component after suppressing shear wave noise.

[0075] Step S2: Establish a global equilibrium calibration operator by performing autocorrelation and cross-correlation operations on the first Z component and the P component of the cross-ghosting.

[0076] Step S3: Use the global equalization calibration operator to correct the Z component, obtain the second Z component, and merge the second Z component with the cross-ghosting P component.

[0077] The following is a detailed explanation of the process for the four-component seismic data suppression method for this submarine cable.

[0078] As shown in Figures 3(a), 3(b) and 3(c), as a possible implementation, before step S1, the four-component seismic data reverberation suppression method for submarine cables further includes: sorting the four-component seismic data into the common receiver point domain to obtain the X-component common receiver point gather, the Y-component common receiver point gather and the P-component common receiver point gather.

[0079] It should be noted that the four-component seismic data includes X-component seismic data, Y-component seismic data, Z-component seismic data, and P-component seismic data. In this embodiment, the initial four-component seismic data obtained from the above-mentioned submarine cable four-component acquisition system and sorted into the common detector point domain is determined to include X-component, Y-component, Z-component, and P-component. The data involved in the seismic suppression method mentioned below are all based on this initial four-component seismic data.

[0080] The obtained four-component seismic data includes data from multiple common receiver point domains. The correlation between seismic data from different common receiver point domains is poor. In order to ensure the accuracy of the four-component seismic data processing results, the seismic data is sorted into common receiver point domains to ensure the accuracy of the subsequent sounding suppression processing method.

[0081] Referring to Figures 4(a), 4(b) and 4(c), as one possible implementation, dynamic correction is performed on the X component common detector gather, the Y component common detector gather and the P component common detector gather, respectively, to obtain the second X component, the second Y component and the first P component.

[0082] See Figures 5(a) to 7(c) In this embodiment of the application, step S1 specifically includes: using an adaptive subtraction method to remove the P-wave signal from the second X component and the first P component to obtain the first X component, and establishing an X component shear wave model based on the first X component; using an adaptive subtraction method to remove the P-wave signal from the second Y component and the first P component to obtain the first Y component, and establishing a Y component shear wave model based on the first Y component; performing reaction correction processing on the X component shear wave model and the Y component shear wave model respectively to obtain the third X component and the third Y component; and using pre-stack simultaneous matched filtering to calculate the third X component, the third Y component, and the Z component to obtain the first Z component after suppressing shear wave noise.

[0083] After dynamic correction operations were performed on the X-component, Y-component, and P-component common-receiver gathers of the four-component seismic data acquired and sorted into the common-receiver point domain, the second X-component, the second Y-component, and the first P-component were obtained. Then, an adaptive subtraction method was used to remove the effective P-wave signal corresponding to the first P-component from the second X-component and the second Y-component, respectively, and the corresponding X-component and Y-component shear wave models were established. Then, based on the X-component shear wave model, the Y-component shear wave model, and the Z-component, matched filtering was performed simultaneously to obtain the first Z-component after suppressing shear wave noise. This process effectively suppressed the shear wave noise in the Z-component. After the low-frequency shear wave noise was effectively suppressed, the dominant frequency of the Z-component increased and the frequency band was significantly widened, providing conditions for the merging of PZ components to suppress reverberation.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] Optionally, based on embodiment 1, embodiment 2 further includes: performing a polarity reversal operation on the first Z component.

[0086] The first Z component after suppressing shear wave noise obtained in Example 1 is determined as the calibration component, the seismic data corresponding to the P component is determined as the target component, and the polarity reversal operation is performed on the first Z component.

[0087] A seismic wavefield undergoes different filtering processes after passing through piezoelectric and vertical velocity detectors, resulting in differences in frequency, phase, and amplitude in the output signals of each detector. Since the input data before merging must retain the true amplitude characteristics of the original data, the processing method to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) must be amplitude-preserving. Effectively removing noise and interference from the four-component seismic data while maintaining high fidelity is crucial for improving the SNR and the quality of dual-detector merging. Therefore, based on this, a polarity reversal operation is performed on the first Z-component to reduce the possibility of incomplete merging of the PZ-components.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] Optionally, based on Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3 further includes: Step S2 specifically includes: performing cross-ghosting processing on the first Z component after polarity reversal operation, and performing cross-ghosting processing on the P component to obtain the third Z component and the second P component, and analyzing and determining that the amplitude, frequency and phase characteristics of the third Z component and the second P component are in a consistent state; performing autocorrelation and cross-correlation operations on the third Z component and the second P component to obtain the autocorrelation results of the Z component, the autocorrelation results of the P component and the cross-correlation results of the PZ component; and establishing a global equilibrium calibration operator based on the autocorrelation results of the Z component, the autocorrelation results of the P component and the cross-correlation results of the PZ component.

[0090] Targeting the P-component seismic data, the first Z-component after effective suppression of shear wave noise is subjected to cross-ghosting processing to eliminate the differences between the P and Z components, so that the amplitude, frequency and phase characteristics of the P and Z components remain consistent.

[0091] As can be seen from the above method, based on the effective shear wave noise suppression result of the Z component, the difference between the PZ components can be weakened by using the PZ component cross-ghosting technology. With the P component as the target, a global equalization calibration operator is established to correct the Z component. By merging the PZ components, the interference of opposite polarities in the water and land inspection can be completely added and canceled out, which effectively improves the shear wave denoising and the water and land inspection combined noise suppression method.

[0092] Example 4

[0093] See Figures 8 to 10(b)Optionally, based on Embodiment 3, Embodiment 4 further includes: establishing a global equilibrium calibration operator based on the autocorrelation results of the Z component, the autocorrelation results of the P component, and the cross-correlation results of the PZ components, including: performing amplitude matched filtering on the autocorrelation results of the Z component and the autocorrelation results of the P component, and performing phase matched filtering on the cross-correlation results of the PZ components to obtain amplitude matching factors and phase matching factors; obtaining the global equilibrium calibration operator based on the amplitude matching factors and phase matching factors. The global equilibrium calibration operator is then used to correct the Z component to obtain a second Z component, and the second Z component is merged with the cross-ghosted P component.

[0094] After applying global equalization calibration operator to the Z component for correction, it is combined with the P component through cross-ghosting. The superposition results of the Z component after correction and the P component through cross-ghosting are more consistent. After PZ merging, the frequency components of the notch point are compensated, the bandwidth is broadened, the autocorrelation subwavelet sidelobes disappear, and the vibration interference is effectively suppressed.

[0095] In this embodiment, after effectively removing the effective P-wave signal from the X and Y components, an X-component shear wave model and a Y-component shear wave model are established. Then, pre-stack simultaneous matched filtering technology is applied to suppress the shear wave noise in the Z component, thus eliminating the influence of shear wave noise and creating conditions for PZ component merging. Based on the effective shear wave noise suppression result of the Z component, the difference between the PZ components can be weakened through PZ component cross-ghosting technology. With the P component as the target, a global equalization calibration operator is established. After correcting the Z component, PZ merging is performed, which can effectively compensate for the frequency components missing at the notch point, thereby suppressing vibration interference, widening the bandwidth, and improving the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution.

[0096] Example 5

[0097] See Figure 11 This application provides a four-component seismic data suppression device 20 for submarine cables, the device 20 comprising:

[0098] The first processing module 210 is used to simultaneously perform matched filtering on the X component shear wave model established based on the first X component of the P-wave signal, the Y component shear wave model established based on the first Y component of the P-wave signal, and the Z component to obtain the first Z component after suppressing shear wave noise.

[0099] The second processing module 220 is used to establish a global equilibrium calibration operator by performing autocorrelation and cross-correlation operations on the first Z component and the P component of the cross-ghost waveform.

[0100] The third processing module 230 is used to correct the Z component using a global equalization calibration operator to obtain the second Z component, and then merge the second Z component with the cross-ghosting P component.

[0101] For example, the technical solutions in embodiments 1 to 4 above can be applied to various communication systems, such as wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication systems, device-to-device (D2D) communication systems, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication systems, 4th generation (4G) mobile communication systems, such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication systems, 5th generation (5G) mobile communication systems, such as new radio (NR) systems, and future communication systems, such as 6th generation (6G) mobile communication systems, etc., wherein the communication system may further include: terminal equipment.

[0102] The aforementioned terminal device is a terminal device that accesses the aforementioned communication system and has wireless transceiver capabilities, or a chip or chip system that can be installed in the terminal device. This terminal device can also be referred to as a user device, access terminal device, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal device, mobile device, user terminal device, terminal device, wireless communication device, user agent, or user equipment. In the embodiments of this application, the terminal device can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, virtual reality (VR) terminal device, augmented reality (AR) terminal device, wireless terminal device in industrial control, wireless terminal device in self-driving, wireless terminal device in remote medical care, wireless terminal device in smart grid, wireless terminal device in transportation safety, wireless terminal device in smart city, wireless terminal device in smart home, vehicle-mounted terminal device, or an RSU with terminal device functionality, etc. The terminal device of this application may also be an on-board module, on-board unit, on-board component, on-board chip or on-board unit that is built into a vehicle as one or more components or units.

[0103] For example, Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 .like Figure 12 As shown, the communication device 1800 includes a receiving module 1801 and a transmitting module 1802. For ease of explanation, Figure 12 Only the main components of the communication device are shown.

[0104] Optionally, the receiving module 1801 and the transmitting module 1802 can also be integrated into a single module, such as a transceiver module. Figure 12 (Not shown in the image). The transceiver module is used to implement the sending and receiving functions of the communication device 1800.

[0105] Optionally, the communication device 1800 may further include a processing module 1803. Figure 12 (Shown in dashed box). The processing module 1803 is used to implement the processing functions of the communication device 1800.

[0106] It should be understood that the processing module 1803 involved in the communication device 1800 can be implemented by a processor or processor-related circuit components, and can be a processor or processing unit; the transceiver module 1802 can be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuit components, and can be a transceiver or transceiver unit.

[0107] It should be noted that the communication device 1800 may be a network device, a chip (system) or other component or assembly that can be set in a network device, or a device that includes a network device. This application does not limit this.

[0108] For example, Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 .like Figure 13 As shown, the communication device 1900 includes a transceiver module 1901 and a processing module 1902. For ease of explanation, Figure 13 Only the main components of the communication device are shown.

[0109] For example, Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the communication device provided in this application embodiment is shown in Figure 3. This communication device can be a terminal device or a network device, or it can be a chip (system) or other component or assembly that can be disposed in a terminal device or network device. Figure 14 As shown, the communication device 2000 may include a processor 2001. Optionally, the communication device 2000 may also include a memory 2002 and / or a transceiver 2003. The processor 2001 is coupled to the memory 2002 and the transceiver 2003, for example, they may be connected via a communication bus.

[0110] The following is combined Figure 14A detailed description of each component of the communication device 2000 is provided below:

[0111] The processor 2001 is the control center of the communication device 2000. It can be a single processor or a collective term for multiple processing elements. For example, the processor 2001 can be one or more central processing units (CPUs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of this application, such as one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

[0112] Optionally, the processor 2001 can perform various functions of the communication device 2000 by running or executing software programs stored in the memory 2002 and calling data stored in the memory 2002.

[0113] In a specific implementation, as one example, the processor 2001 may include one or more CPUs, for example... Figure 14 CPU0 and CPU1 are shown in the diagram.

[0114] In a specific implementation, as one example, the communication device 2000 may also include multiple processors, for example... Figure 14 The processors 2001 and 2004 are shown. Each of these processors can be a single-core processor or a multi-core processor. Here, "processor" can refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores used to process data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0115] The memory 2002 is used to store the software program that executes the solution of this application, and is controlled by the processor 2001 to execute it. The specific implementation method can be referred to the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0116] Optionally, the memory 2002 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions, or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but not limited thereto. The memory 2002 may be integrated with the processor 2001 or exist independently, and may be connected via the interface circuit of the communication device 2000. Figure 14 (Not shown in the image) is coupled to the processor 2001, and this embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0117] Transceiver 2003 is used for communication with other communication devices. For example, if communication device 2000 is a terminal device, transceiver 2003 can be used to communicate with a network device or with another terminal device. As another example, if communication device 2000 is a network device, transceiver 2003 can be used to communicate with a terminal device or with another network device.

[0118] Alternatively, transceiver 2003 may include a receiver and a transmitter. Figure 14 (Not shown separately). The receiver is used to implement the receiving function, and the transmitter is used to implement the transmitting function.

[0119] Optionally, the transceiver 2003 can be integrated with the processor 2001, or it can exist independently and be connected via the interface circuit of the communication device 2000. Figure 14 (Not shown in the image) is coupled to the processor 2001, and this embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0120] It should be noted that, Figure 14 The structure of the communication device 2000 shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the communication device. Actual communication devices may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0121] Furthermore, the technical effects of the communication device 2000 can be referred to the technical effects of the communication method described in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0122] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), or it can be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0123] It should also be understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of random access memory (RAM) are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous DRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous DRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous linked DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0124] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more sets of available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium. A semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0125] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. A and B can be singular or plural. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following related objects, but it can also represent an "and / or" relationship. Please refer to the context for a more accurate understanding.

[0126] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0127] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0128] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0129] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0130] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0131] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0132] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0133] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0134] In summary, this application provides a method for suppressing noise from four-component seismic data of submarine cables. The method performs the following steps on four-component seismic data obtained from dual-detection seismic exploration of submarine cables: S1: Simultaneously perform matched filtering on the X-component shear wave model established based on the first X-component after removing the P-wave signal, the Y-component shear wave model established based on the first Y-component after removing the P-wave signal, and the Z-component to obtain the first Z-component after suppressing shear wave noise; S2: Establish a global equilibrium calibration operator by performing autocorrelation and cross-correlation operations on the cross-ghosted first Z-component and the cross-ghosted P-component; S3: Use the global equilibrium calibration operator to correct the Z-component to obtain the second Z-component, and then merge the second Z-component and the cross-ghosted P-component.

[0135] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for suppressing seismic noise from four-component seismic data of submarine cables, characterized in that, The following steps are performed on the four-component seismic data obtained from dual-detection seismic exploration of submarine cables: S1: The four-component seismic data are sorted into the common receiver point domain to obtain the X-component common receiver point gather, the Y-component common receiver point gather, and the P-component common receiver point gather. Dynamic corrections are then performed on the X-component common receiver point gather, the Y-component common receiver point gather, and the P-component common receiver point gather to obtain the second X-component, the second Y-component, and the first P-component. An adaptive subtraction method is used to remove the P-wave signal from the second X component and the first P component to obtain the first X component, and an X component shear wave model based on the first X component is established; an adaptive subtraction method is used to remove the P-wave signal from the second Y component and the first P component to obtain the first Y component, and a Y component shear wave model based on the first Y component is established; reaction correction processing is performed on the X component shear wave model and the Y component shear wave model respectively to obtain the third X component and the third Y component; pre-stack simultaneous matched filtering is used to calculate the third X component, the third Y component and the Z component to obtain the first Z component after suppressing shear wave noise; S2: Establish a global equilibrium calibration operator by performing autocorrelation and cross-correlation operations on the first Z component and the P component of the cross-ghosting. S3: Use the global equalization calibration operator to correct the Z component, obtain the second Z component, and merge the second Z component and the cross-ghosting P component.

2. The method for suppressing seismic noise from four-component seismic data of submarine cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, After step S1 and before step S2, the method further includes: Perform a polarity reversal operation on the first Z component.

3. The method for suppressing seismic noise from four-component seismic data of submarine cables according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes: The first Z component, after polarity reversal operation, is subjected to cross-ghosting processing, and the P component is subjected to cross-ghosting processing to obtain the third Z component and the second P component. Analysis determines that the amplitude, frequency and phase characteristics of the third Z component and the second P component are consistent. Autocorrelation and cross-correlation operations are performed on the third Z component and the second P component to obtain the autocorrelation results of the Z component, the autocorrelation results of the P component, and the cross-correlation results of the PZ component. The global equilibrium calibration operator is established based on the autocorrelation results of the Z component, the autocorrelation results of the P component, and the cross-correlation results of the PZ component.

4. The method for suppressing seismic noise from four-component seismic data of submarine cables according to claim 3, characterized in that, The establishment of a global equilibrium calibration operator based on the autocorrelation results of the Z component, the autocorrelation results of the P component, and the cross-correlation results of the PZ components includes: Amplitude-matched filtering operation is performed on the autocorrelation results of the Z component and the autocorrelation results of the P component, and phase-matched filtering operation is performed on the cross-correlation results of the PZ components to obtain the amplitude matching factor and the phase matching factor. The global equilibrium calibration operator is obtained based on the amplitude matching factor and the phase matching factor.

5. A device for suppressing seismic noise from four-component seismic data of submarine cables, characterized in that, The device includes: The first processing module is used to sort the four-component seismic data into the common receiver point domain to obtain X-component common receiver point gathers, Y-component common receiver point gathers, and P-component common receiver point gathers. Dynamic correction is performed on the X-component, Y-component, and P-component common receiver point gathers to obtain a second X-component, a second Y-component, and a first P-component. An adaptive subtraction method is used to remove P-wave signals from the second X-component to obtain the first X-component, and an X-component shear wave model based on the first X-component is established. Similarly, an adaptive subtraction method is used to remove P-wave signals from the second Y-component to obtain the first Y-component, and a Y-component shear wave model based on the first Y-component is established. Reaction correction is performed on the X-component and Y-component shear wave models to obtain a third X-component and a third Y-component. Pre-stack simultaneous matched filtering is used to calculate the third X-component, the third Y-component, and the Z-component to obtain a first Z-component after suppressing shear wave noise. The second processing module is used to establish a global equilibrium calibration operator by performing autocorrelation and cross-correlation operations on the first Z component and the P component of the cross-ghost waveform. The third processing module is used to correct the Z component using the global equalization calibration operator to obtain the second Z component, and to merge the second Z component and the cross-ghost-waveformed P component.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: a processing module, a communication bus, a communication interface, and a storage module; The communication bus is connected to the processing module, the communication interface, and the storage module, respectively. The storage module stores computer-readable instructions. When the processing module executes the readable instructions, it runs the seismic suppression method for four-component seismic data of submarine cables as described in any one of claims 1-4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the method for suppressing seismic data from submarine cables as described in any one of claims 1-4 to be performed.

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