Terminal antenna and electronic device

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a terminal antenna and electronic equipment, relates to the technical field of antennas, can better cover the middle and high frequency bands, provides better bandwidth and radiation performance, can reduce the hardware cost, and has better SAR. Therefore, the wireless communication function of the electronic equipment is better supported. The specific scheme is as follows: the terminal antenna comprises a first radiator, a feed point and a grounding point. One end of the first radiator is grounded through the grounding point, and the other end of the first radiator is provided with the feed point. The first radiator is further provided with a slit penetrating the first radiator, the slit has an interdigitated structure, and the number of the slit is at least one.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a terminal antenna and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of electronic devices, the environment available for antennas within these devices is becoming increasingly harsh. To ensure the wireless communication capabilities of electronic devices (such as mobile phones), antenna solutions that provide good radiation performance in these challenging environments are needed. Existing antenna solutions are finding it increasingly difficult to guarantee radiation performance in today's environment; therefore, a new antenna solution is required that can provide good radiation performance while also meeting other antenna requirements, such as SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a terminal antenna and electronic device that can better cover the mid-to-high frequency band (such as 1.7GHz-2.7GHz), provide better bandwidth and radiation performance, reduce hardware costs, and also have better SAR. This better supports the wireless communication functions of the electronic device.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, a terminal antenna is provided, which is disposed in an electronic device. The terminal antenna includes: a first radiator, a feed point, and a ground point. One end of the first radiator is grounded through the ground point, and the other end of the first radiator is provided with the feed point. The first radiator is also provided with slots penetrating the first radiator, the slots having an interdigitated structure, and the number of the slots is at least two.

[0006] Based on this scheme, a novel antenna structure is provided that can be applied to the antenna design of electronic devices (such as mobile phones). In this example, the scheme can be applied to the lower antenna design of a mobile phone. Specifically, an interdigital structure can be set on the antenna to form distributed capacitance, thereby obtaining the radiation characteristics of a current loop antenna by connecting capacitors in series with the radiator. Furthermore, since the grounding point is located at the end far from the feed point, loop modes can also be activated. Thus, through at least two operating modes, the better radiation performance, such as good bandwidth and efficiency inherent in these two modes, enables the electronic device with this terminal antenna to have better wireless communication capabilities.

[0007] In one possible design, the terminal antenna operates in at least two frequency bands: a first band and a second band. The first band is covered by a resonance corresponding to the zero-order mode, generated by the interdigital slot. The second band is covered by a resonance corresponding to the loop mode, which is different from the first band. Based on this scheme, a mechanism for covering the operating frequency bands by the terminal antenna is provided. For example, a resonance can be generated by the zero-order mode (i.e., the mode generated by the current loop), and another resonance can be generated by the loop mode. Thus, at least the two operating frequency bands required by the electronic device can be covered through these two resonances.

[0008] In one possible design, the gap is filled with a dielectric material having a different dielectric constant than the first radiator. Different dielectric materials result in different resonant frequency bands corresponding to the zeroth-order mode. Based on this approach, a specific implementation of the gap is provided. In this example, the gap can be filled with a dielectric material having a different dielectric constant than the first radiator. By adjusting the dielectric constant of the dielectric material, the size of the distributed capacitance corresponding to the gap can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the resonant frequency range corresponding to the zeroth-order mode.

[0009] In one possible design, the resonant frequency bands of the loop mode and the zero-order mode differ depending on the length of the first radiator. Based on this scheme, a limitation on the impact of different radiator lengths on the coverage frequency band is provided. For example, by adjusting the radiator length, the resonant frequency bands of the loop mode and the zero-order mode can be adjusted.

[0010] In one possible design, different structural parameters of the interdigital structure result in different resonant frequency bands for the zero-order mode. The structural parameters of the interdigital structure include at least one of the following: the slot width *s* parallel to the first radiator, the slot width *g* perpendicular to the first radiator, and the length *f* parallel to the first radiator. Based on this scheme, a limitation is provided on the influence of different interdigital structure dimensions on antenna operation. For example, by adjusting different parameters in the interdigital structure, the resonant frequency band corresponding to the zero-order mode can be adjusted.

[0011] In one possible design, the gap width s parallel to the first radiator is within a range of 0.2 mm plus or minus 20%, the gap width g perpendicular to the first radiator is within a range of 0.3 mm plus or minus 20%, and the length f of the interdigital structure parallel to the first radiator is within a range of 2.1 mm plus or minus 20%. Based on this scheme, a specific range limitation for the interdigital structure is provided. Within the above range, the interdigital structure can provide distributed capacitance suitable for operation in the mid-to-high frequency range, thereby enabling the zero-order mode to provide better radiation performance.

[0012] In one possible design, the first radiator is positioned at a corner of the electronic device. The first radiator includes a first part and a second part connected together. The first part is positioned on the side of the electronic device corresponding to the corner, and the second part is positioned on the bottom edge of the electronic device corresponding to the corner. The feed point is located at the end of the second part, and the ground point is located at the end of the first part. Based on this scheme, a specific example of a terminal antenna configuration is provided. In this example, the terminal antenna can be positioned at the lower left or lower right corner of the electronic device (such as a mobile phone). For example, part of the radiator can be located at the bottom edge of the phone, and part of the radiator can be located on the side edge. Furthermore, the feed point can be located at the bottom edge, and the ground point can be located on the side edge. This allows both the zero-order mode and the loop mode to effectively excite the ground current, resulting in better radiation performance.

[0013] In one possible design, the terminal antenna is mounted on a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), and the first radiator is a conductive structure on the FPC, with the slot formed in this conductive structure. Based on this scheme, a specific implementation of the terminal antenna is provided. Since the size of the slot directly determines the magnitude of the distributed capacitance, thus affecting the frequency range of the zero-order mode resonance, the size of the slot can be precisely controlled using the FPC, thereby improving the accuracy of the antenna.

[0014] In one possible design, the number of slots in the interdigitated structure ranges from two to five. Based on this scheme, a specific limitation on the number of interdigitated structures is provided. When there are more than two interdigitated structures, the zero-order mode can be excited well, while no more than five interdigitated structures can prevent the size of the terminal antenna from becoming too large, thus meeting the miniaturization requirements.

[0015] In one possible design, the terminal antenna further includes a second radiator, which is not connected to the first radiator. The end of the second radiator furthest from the first part is grounded, and the end closest to the first part is suspended. Based on this design, an extension of the design is provided. In this example, by setting the second radiator, a parasitic structure with the first radiator can be formed, thereby extending the coverage frequency band.

[0016] In one possible design, the terminal antenna's operating frequency band also includes a third frequency band, which differs from the first or second frequency band. This third frequency band is covered by the terminal antenna through the resonance corresponding to the balanced mode, which is generated by the second radiator. Based on this scheme, an example of the operating state with a second radiator is provided. Current can be introduced into the second radiator from the first radiator via coupling. Since one end of the second radiator is grounded, a parasitic balanced mode can be generated. This balanced mode can then be used to cover a third operating frequency band different from the zero-order mode and the loop mode, thereby improving the bandwidth and radiation performance of the terminal antenna.

[0017] In one possible design, the first frequency band, the second frequency band, and the third frequency band collectively cover the range of 1.7 GHz to 2.7 GHz. Based on this scheme, a specific operating scenario illustration of the terminal antenna is provided. In this example, the terminal antenna can be positioned in the lower half of the mobile phone to cover the mid-to-high frequency band of the main frequency, thereby achieving a performance improvement effect on the main frequency operation.

[0018] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, which is provided with a terminal antenna as described in the first aspect and any possible design thereof. The electronic device transmits or receives signals via the terminal antenna when transmitting or receiving signals.

[0019] It should be understood that the technical features of the technical solutions provided in the second aspect above can all be corresponded to the terminal slot antennas provided in the first aspect and its possible designs, so the beneficial effects that can be achieved are similar, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the antenna in a mobile phone.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a left-handed parasitic antenna;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation results for a left-handed parasitic antenna.

[0023] Figure 4A schematic diagram illustrating the composition of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the lower antenna region provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the topology of an antenna scheme provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna scheme provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 8A A schematic diagram illustrating the composition of an antenna scheme provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 8B A schematic diagram of an interdigitated structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of an interdigitated structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the S-parameters of an antenna with an interdigitated structure provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 11 A simulation diagram illustrating the influence of different structural parameters on the interdigital structure and the antenna operating frequency band, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 12 A simulation diagram illustrating the influence of different structural parameters on the interdigital structure and the antenna operating frequency band, as provided in this application embodiment;

[0033] Figure 13 A simulation diagram illustrating the influence of different structural parameters on the interdigital structure and the antenna operating frequency band, as provided in this application embodiment;

[0034] Figure 14 A simulation diagram of the working effect provided in this application embodiment;

[0035] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the topology of another antenna scheme provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna scheme provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of current analysis provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 18A simulation diagram of the working effect provided in this application embodiment;

[0039] Figure 19 This is a simulation diagram of a radiation pattern provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Electronic devices can be equipped with at least one antenna to support their wireless communication functions.

[0041] For example, let's take a mobile phone as an example. Combined with... Figure 1 The battery inside the phone, which provides power, can be located in the middle or slightly below the middle of the phone. An antenna can be located above and / or below the battery. Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a scenario where an antenna is positioned below the battery.

[0042] Understandably, most electronic devices currently support main frequency communication of 700MHz-3GHz and local area network communication of 2.4GHz / 5GHz. Furthermore, to accommodate the communication requirements of 5G networks, electronic devices can also be equipped with antennas for 5G communication.

[0043] Taking the main antenna supporting data / voice transmission and reception at the main frequency as an example, in some implementations, since most of the chips, circuits, and other components of the electronic device are located above the battery, in order to provide a better clearance environment for the main antenna, it can be positioned as follows: Figure 1 The lower antenna area shown is located below the battery.

[0044] As an example, Figure 2 This diagram illustrates a commonly used main antenna. (For example...) Figure 2 As shown, in this example, the antenna can be a left-hand parasitic antenna. The left-hand parasitic antenna can include a left-hand portion and a parasitic portion.

[0045] The left-hand portion may include a radiator, one end of which can be connected to a feed point. A left-hand capacitor can be placed between the feed point and the radiator. This left-hand capacitor can be used to excite a left-handed mode on the radiator of the left-hand portion. In this example, the feed point can be located on the left-hand portion, near the end of the parasitic part. The end of the radiator in the left-hand portion away from the parasitic part can be grounded. The structure and working mechanism of the left-hand antenna can be found in CN201380008276.8 and CN201410109571.9, and will not be elaborated here.

[0046] The parasitic portion of this left-hand parasitic antenna may include a radiator, one end of which may be grounded. For example, such as Figure 2As shown, the end of the parasitic part furthest from the left-hand side can be directly grounded, while the end of the parasitic part closest to the left-hand side can be equipped with a matching (M) circuit to tune the operating frequency band and port impedance of the parasitic part.

[0047] Figure 3 It shows having, as Figure 2 The simulation results of the left-handed parasitic antenna shown are illustrated. From S11, this left-handed parasitic antenna can cover the mid-to-high frequency range of 1.7GHz-2.7GHz. This mid-to-high frequency coverage can be achieved through two resonators. Due to the insufficient bandwidth of the two resonators, the return loss at both ends of the mid-to-high frequency range is poor. Furthermore, a dip is generated between the two resonators. For example, as... Figure 2 The diagram shows a significant increase in losses between 2GHz and 2.5GHz. Similar conclusions can be drawn from the perspective of system efficiency, with poor efficiency around 1.7GHz and 2.7GHz, and an efficiency dip between 2GHz and 2.5GHz, where the system efficiency is worst, exceeding -6dB.

[0048] It should be noted that, under normal circumstances, when complete coverage of the mid-to-high frequency range is required, one or more switching switches can be set at the antenna feed point and / or ground point to switch between different operating frequency bands, thereby ensuring coverage of the entire mid-to-high frequency range.

[0049] To address the shortcomings of existing antennas (such as left-hand parasitic antennas) in terms of insufficient performance at the mid-to-high frequency endpoints and poor efficiency in the mid-to-high frequency range (e.g., 1.7GHz-2.7GHz), this application provides a terminal antenna that combines a current loop antenna with a 1 / 2 wavelength mode provided by the loop to provide better radiation performance at both ends and in the mid-to-high frequency bands.

[0050] The solutions provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] The antenna solution provided in this application can be applied to a user's electronic device to support its wireless communication function. For example, the electronic device can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) device, media player, or other portable mobile device. It can also be a wearable electronic device such as a smartwatch. This application does not impose any special limitations on the specific form of the device.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 400 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device 400 provided in this application embodiment can be arranged in the following order from top to bottom along the z-axis: screen and cover plate 401, metal housing 402, internal structure 403, and back cover 404.

[0053] The screen and cover plate 401 can be used to realize the display function of the electronic device 400. The metal housing 402 can serve as the main frame of the electronic device 400, providing rigid support for the electronic device 400. The internal structure 403 can include a collection of electronic and mechanical components that realize the various functions of the electronic device 400. For example, the internal structure 403 can include shielding covers, screws, reinforcing ribs, etc. The back cover 404 can be the rear exterior surface of the electronic device 400, and the back cover 404 can be made of glass, ceramic, plastic, etc. in different implementations.

[0054] The antenna solution provided in this application embodiment can be applied to, for example... Figure 4 The illustrated electronic device 400 is used to support its wireless communication function. In some embodiments, the antenna involved in this antenna scheme may be disposed on the metal housing 402 of the electronic device 400. In other embodiments, the antenna involved in this antenna scheme may be disposed on the rear cover 404 of the electronic device 400, etc.

[0055] In different implementations of the embodiments of this application, the specific implementation of the antenna can be different. For example, in some embodiments, the antenna implementation can be combined with, for example, Figure 4 The metal frame on the metal housing 402 shown is used to implement this antenna. In other embodiments, this antenna scheme can also be implemented using a flexible printed circuit (FPC), a metalframe diecasting for anodic oxidation (MDA) process, or other methods. Alternatively, the antenna scheme can be obtained by combining at least two of the above implementation methods. This application does not limit the specific implementation form of the magnetic flux loop monopole antenna.

[0056] Taking an antenna implemented using an FPC as an example, the FPC can include a non-conductive substrate on which a conductive layer can be disposed. For example, the conductive layer can be a metal or other conductive material. In some implementations, the metal can be copper or silver, etc. By adjusting the structure of this conductive layer, the radiator of the antenna is obtained. Slots can be connected in series on the radiator, and these slots can be through-holes. That is, a slot can divide the radiator into two unconnected parts. In some implementations, the size of the distributed capacitance corresponding to the slot can be adjusted by adjusting the dielectric material filling the slot, using dielectrics with different dielectric constants.

[0057] In the vertical direction, the antenna solution provided in this application embodiment can be located in the lower antenna region of the mobile phone. For example, the lower antenna region can be as follows: Figure 2 Below the battery shown. For example, combined with Figure 5 In some implementations of this application, the antenna scheme provided in this application can be set as follows: Figure 4 The metal casing and the rear casing are shown. Alternatively, this antenna design can utilize a portion of the conductive material on the metal casing to achieve the antenna's radiation function.

[0058] In a horizontal projection (such as an XOY plane projection), the lower antenna region can be located below the speaker cavity (SPK). For example, a non-conductive antenna support can be placed below the SPK, on ​​which an antenna manufactured using FPC technology can be attached. Alternatively, the antenna solution provided in this application can also be implemented on the antenna support using Laser Direct Structuring (LDS) and / or MDA processes.

[0059] Furthermore, in other implementations, the antenna solution provided in this application embodiment can also be applied to other locations. For example, it can be placed in other corners of the electronic device, such as the upper left corner, upper right corner, etc.

[0060] The above examples are a detailed description of the application environment of the antenna scheme provided in the embodiments of this application. The specific composition and achievable effects of the antenna scheme provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] For example, Figure 6 An example of an antenna scheme provided by an embodiment of this application is shown. The antenna may include at least one radiator (such as radiator 1). One end of radiator 1 may be connected to a feed point, and the other end of radiator 1 may be grounded. It should be understood that, in specific implementations, one or more matching devices may also be provided between radiator 1 and the feed point and / or ground point for port matching. The following example uses radiator 1 directly connected to both the feed point and the ground point. Figure 6As shown, the radiator 1 may also be provided with at least one interdigitated structure. This interdigitated structure can be a slit in an interdigitated pattern. In, for example... Figure 6 In the example, three interdigitated structures are set on radiator 1. In other implementations, the number of interdigitated structures can be more or less, and the specific number can be flexibly set according to the actual situation. The effect achieved is similar, and will not be elaborated here. In the embodiments of this application, when there are more than or equal to two interdigitated structures, the corresponding modes can be better excited, and the corresponding resonance coverage of the corresponding frequency band can be obtained.

[0062] It is understandable that the interdigital structure can achieve the effect of distributed capacitance, meaning that at least one capacitor can be connected in series with radiator 1. This allows radiator 1 to acquire the radiation characteristics of a current loop antenna. For example, a uniform magnetic field can be distributed between radiator 1 and the reference ground, thereby achieving better radiation performance in a relatively small space.

[0063] In having such Figure 6 When the antenna shown is in operation, in addition to the mode corresponding to the current loop antenna (such as the zero-order mode), it can also operate in the 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the loop mode, thereby obtaining at least two resonances to cover the mid-to-high frequency range.

[0064] Figure 7 This shows that it has the following characteristics: Figure 6 This is a specific example of an antenna composed of the topology shown. Exemplarily, this antenna can be positioned as such... Figure 5 The lower antenna region is shown.

[0065] like Figure 7 As shown, the radiator 1 of the antenna can be positioned at the lower left corner of the rear view of the electronic device. In some examples, the radiator 1 may include a connected first part and a second part. The first part of the radiator can be positioned on the side of the electronic device, and the second part of the radiator 1 can be positioned on the bottom edge of the electronic device. The two ends of the radiator 1 can be connected to a feed point and a ground point, respectively.

[0066] At least one interdigitated structure may be provided on the first part and / or the second part. For example, combined with... Figure 7 The first part can have one interdigitated structure, and the second part can have two interdigitated structures.

[0067] From another perspective, one or more interdigitated structures on radiator 1 can divide radiator 1 into multiple unconnected parts. For example, any one of these unconnected parts is referred to as a zero-order antenna radiating element. In different examples, the dimensions of these multiple zero-order antenna radiating elements can be the same or different. For example, in some embodiments, such as... Figure 8A As shown, the radiator 1 may include a first zero-order antenna radiating element and a second zero-order antenna radiating element. The X-direction length 'a' of any zero-order antenna radiating element (such as the first zero-order antenna radiating element) can be set within a range of 50% above and below 10.5 mm. The Y-direction width 'w' can be set within a range of 50% above and below 2 mm.

[0068] The first and second zero-order antenna radiating elements are positioned opposite each other at one end, and alternately extend to form an interdigitated structure. The slot width s of this interdigitated structure (i.e., the slot width s parallel to radiator 1) can be within a range of 0.2 mm plus or minus 20%. The X-direction length f of this alternately extended interdigitated structure (i.e., the length f of the interdigitated structure parallel to radiator 1) can be set within a range of 2.1 mm plus or minus 20%. The slot width g of the interdigitated structure relative to the other zero-order antenna radiating element (i.e., the slot width g of the interdigitated structure perpendicular to radiator 1) can be set within a range of 0.3 mm plus or minus 20%.

[0069] It should be noted that in the solution provided in this application embodiment, the gap width s parallel to the radiator 1 and the gap width g of the interdigital structure perpendicular to the radiator 1 can be different. These two parameters need to be controlled separately to control the magnitude of the distributed capacitance of the interdigital structure. For example, combining... Figure 8B This provides another illustration of an interdigitated structure for embodiments of this application. It can be seen that g and s are two significantly different dimensions. In the following examples, the influence of each parameter on the corresponding operating frequency band of the zero-order mode will be explained in conjunction with the control variables of each parameter.

[0070] It should be understood that, based on equivalent circuit analysis, the interfinite structure can act as a coupling capacitor, working together with the zero-order antenna radiating element to determine the resonant position of the zero-order mode. In other words, the magnitude of the distributed capacitance influenced by each dimension of the interfinite structure, along with the overall length of the radiator 1, jointly affects the operating frequency band of the antenna in zero-order mode. Specifically, when the zero-order mode corresponds to the fundamental mode, the length of the radiator 1 can be less than 1 / 4 of the corresponding operating frequency band. Furthermore, the dimensions of the individual zero-order antenna radiating elements included in the radiator 1 can be the same or equivalent, or they can be different. In this example, the dimension from the right side of the third interfinite structure to the end of the radiator connected to the feed point can be coordinated with the capacitance of the interfinite structure (such as the size of the distributed capacitance corresponding to the third interfinite structure) to effectively adjust the operating frequency band of the zero-order mode.

[0071] Furthermore, the antenna with the above structure can also operate in a Loop 1 / 2 mode (referred to as Loop mode). The operating frequency band in this Loop mode can be determined by the length of the radiator 1. That is, half of the operating frequency band of this Loop mode corresponds to the electrical length of the radiator between the feed point and the ground point of the antenna.

[0072] It should be noted that the interdigital structure involved in the embodiments of this application can generate coupling capacitance, and this structure can function as a multi-order coupled resonator. In practical design, the coupling capacitance required for the zero-order mode can be obtained based on the passband characteristics of the microstrip coupled resonator, and then the dimensions of the interdigital structure can be inferred accordingly, thereby achieving dimensional control of the interdigital structure.

[0073] As an example, the following explanation, based on the simulation structure of S11, illustrates the impact of various dimensions of the interdigital structure (such as the gap width s parallel to radiator 1, the length f of the interdigital structure parallel to radiator 1, and the gap width g of the interdigital structure perpendicular to radiator 1) on the operating frequency band.

[0074] For ease of explanation, combined with Figure 9 For example, let's take a structure with one interdigitated finger.

[0075] like Figure 10 As shown, under the current structure, the bandwidth formed by the dual ports can cover 1.66MHz-4.32MHz (S11≤-10dB), thus effectively meeting the mid-to-high frequency bandwidth requirements. Furthermore, in this… Figure 10 The diagram also shows the isolation of the two ports. It is understandable that the two-port isolation provides a perspective for analyzing the capacitance of this interdigital structure at its current size.

[0076] the following Figures 11-13 To control the impact of changes in a single dimension on S-parameters (such as S11).

[0077] Figure 11 The effect of g on S11 is shown when s = 0.2 mm, f = 2.1 mm, and g is 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, and 0.4 mm, respectively. It can be seen that as g increases, the low-frequency resonance gradually shifts to a higher frequency. This can be understood as an increase in g causing a change in the capacitance value of the distributed capacitance (e.g., a decrease), thereby causing a frequency shift in the low-frequency resonance (e.g., a shift to a higher frequency).

[0078] Figure 12The effect of s = 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, and 0.3 mm on S11 is shown when g = 0.3 mm and f = 2.1 mm. It can be seen that as s increases, the low-frequency resonance gradually shifts to a higher frequency. This can be understood as an increase in s causing a change in the capacitance value of the distributed capacitance (e.g., a decrease), thereby causing a frequency shift in the low-frequency resonance (e.g., a shift to a higher frequency).

[0079] Figure 13 The effect of f = 1.1 mm, 2.1 mm, and 3.1 mm on S11 is shown when g = 0.3 mm and s = 0.2 mm. It can be seen that as f increases, the low-frequency resonance gradually shifts to lower frequencies. This can be understood as an increase in f causing a change in the capacitance value of the distributed capacitance (e.g., an increase), thereby causing a frequency shift in the low-frequency resonance (e.g., a shift to lower frequencies).

[0080] Combination Figure 11 , Figure 12 as well as Figure 13 The S-parameter diagram shows that changes in s and g primarily affect the low-frequency resonant position, which corresponds to the zero-order mode. Changes in f lead to changes in capacitance, thus also affecting the zero-order mode's resonance. For the high-frequency Loop mode, its operating frequency band (i.e., resonance) is related to the overall size of the radiator; therefore, changes in s and g have little effect on the Loop mode, while changes in f will cause changes in the Loop mode's response.

[0081] Based on the above conclusions, we can then determine the characteristics of... Figure 9 The operating frequency band of the interdigital structure shown is adjusted. This conclusion can also be extended to structures with more interdigital structures, for example, in antennas with... Figure 6 or Figure 7 back Figure 8A In the case of the structure shown, the operating frequency band can also be adjusted according to the above conclusions so that the two resonances corresponding to the zero-order mode and the loop mode can be adjusted to the required frequency band.

[0082] Furthermore, in some embodiments of this application, the feed point can be set at a point where the electric field of the ground is large (such as the bottom edge of a mobile phone near the middle), which can better excite the ground current and thus obtain better radiation performance of the zero-order mode.

[0083] It should be noted that the above examples all illustrate the implementation of a current loop antenna by using an interdigital structure to achieve distributed capacitance. In other embodiments of this application, one or more capacitors connected in series with the radiator (such as radiator 1) can also be implemented using lumped capacitance (such as capacitor components, adjustable capacitor components, etc.).

[0084] Based on the above description, the embodiments of this application also provide features such as Figure 7 or Figure 8A The simulation diagram of the antenna scheme shown is used to demonstrate that the antenna scheme has good radiation performance.

[0085] For example, in combination Figure 14 As can be seen, the zero-order mode resonator can be used to cover the low frequencies of the mid-high frequency band, while the loop mode resonator can be used to cover the high frequencies of the mid-high frequency band. Although a bulge occurs in the middle section of the mid-high frequency band on S11, the bandwidth of both modes is sufficient. Therefore, from the perspective of radiation efficiency and system efficiency, it has good radiation performance across the entire mid-high frequency band, including the middle section. For example, the radiation efficiency is above -2dB between 1.7GHz and 2.7GHz, and the system efficiency is above -4dB between 1.7GHz and 2.7GHz. This is a significant improvement compared to the radiation performance of the existing left-handed parasitic antenna described above. Therefore, the antenna scheme provided in this example has better bandwidth, can better cover the sidebands through the two resonators, and because the bandwidth of the two resonators is sufficient, there is no significant bulge in the middle region. This achieves good coverage of the mid-high frequency band, thus providing better radiation performance.

[0086] In the antenna scheme provided in the above example, the resonance of the zero-order mode and the loop mode achieves good coverage of the mid-to-high frequencies. In other embodiments of this application, the application of the zero-order mode and the loop mode can also be combined with other antenna forms to cover a portion of the mid-to-high frequency band of the main frequency. In other embodiments of this application, the antenna with the following characteristics... Figures 6-8A Any of the possible antenna configurations can also be applied to coverage of other operating frequency bands, such as Wi-Fi and 5G. Based on a similar mechanism described above, the zero-order mode and loop mode can also provide good coverage of their respective frequency bands, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0087] This application also provides an antenna scheme that, based on the aforementioned zero-order mode and loop mode, adds a balanced mode to provide more resonances (such as a total of three resonances), thereby further improving bandwidth coverage and thus enhancing radiation performance.

[0088] For example, Figure 15 A schematic diagram of an antenna scheme topology is shown. The example used is still the implementation of the zero-order mode via an interdigital structure. Combined with... Figure 6 A topology diagram is shown; in this example, in Figure 6Based on the structure shown, a balancing mode structure is added. As one possible implementation, this balancing mode structure may include a radiator 2. One end of the radiator 2 may be grounded, and the other end may be positioned opposite the grounded end of the radiator 1. For example, in... Figure 6 In the example shown, the grounded end of radiator 2 can be the end furthest from radiator 1, while the ungrounded end of radiator 2 can be placed close to radiator 1. This ungrounded end is left suspended. Thus, when the antenna is operating, energy can couple from radiator 1 to radiator 2, giving radiator 2 a parasitic effect, thereby enabling it to radiate the corresponding balanced mode.

[0089] Figure 16 It shows in Figure 15 This is a specific implementation method based on the topological structure. This implementation method can be used in, for example... Figure 7 or Figure 8A The antenna structure shown is derived from the previous one. For example, in... Figure 7 or Figure 8A Based on this, the radiator in this antenna design can also include a third part. This third part can correspond to, for example... Figure 15 The balanced module structure is shown. In this example, the third part may include a radiator that is not connected to the first and second parts. In some embodiments, part or all of the third part may be implemented using the side metal frame of an electronic device (such as a mobile phone). In other embodiments, part or all of the third part may also be implemented using separate structures such as LDS or FPC.

[0090] During antenna operation, the third part can provide resonances other than the zero-order mode and loop mode, such as balanced mode resonances, which can further improve the antenna bandwidth and thus provide better radiation performance. For example, combined with... Figure 17 The current simulation shown illustrates the working mechanism of the antenna scheme provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0091] like Figure 17 As shown, in zero-order mode, the current is concentrated between the feed point and the ground point, forming a current loop structure between the radiator and the reference ground, thus achieving the zero-order mode operating mechanism. In loop mode, the current is still concentrated between the feed point and the ground point, but there is a current zero point on the radiator, causing the current to reverse, thereby obtaining a loop mode operating at 1 / 2 wavelength. Furthermore, the antenna can also operate in balanced mode. In this mode, current can be distributed on the radiators of the antenna; for example, the current is larger on the side radiators (i.e., the first and third parts), enabling the formation of a balanced mode radiation mechanism.

[0092] Therefore, by using the above three working mechanisms corresponding to different frequency bands, it is possible to simultaneously obtain three resonant coverage working frequency bands and achieve better bandwidth and radiation performance.

[0093] For example, Figure 17 It shows having, as Figure 15 or Figure 16 The simulation diagram shows the antenna scheme with the structure shown. It can be seen that in this example, the three resonators can be used to cover the mid-to-high frequencies. From S11, due to the addition of the balanced mode resonator, the loop mode resonator can be tuned to the mid-range (e.g., near 2.2GHz). The latter part of the mid-to-high frequencies can be covered by the balanced mode resonator, while the zero-order mode resonator can still be used to cover the former part of the mid-to-high frequencies. This allows the overall S11 value for the mid-to-high frequencies to be close to -5dB. Correspondingly, compared to the case with two resonators covering the mid-to-high frequency band, the radiation efficiency compensates for the mid-range spike, and the overall system efficiency is improved, exceeding -4dB across the entire frequency band. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the coverage frequency bands and / or order of each mode can be adjusted according to actual conditions to achieve better coverage of the corresponding operating frequency bands.

[0094] In combination with the above Figures 15-18 As can be seen from the explanation, in this example, by adding a balanced mode, resonances corresponding to three modes are obtained, including the zero-order mode, the loop mode, and the balanced mode. Compared to existing antenna solutions, such as the left-handed parasitic solution, it can provide better bandwidth and radiation performance.

[0095] Furthermore, since the excitation of the zero-order mode, loop mode, and balanced mode can be achieved without additional switching switches, the solution provided in this application is easier to implement and saves on costs compared to existing left-handed parasitic antenna solutions. Additionally, since no switches are required on the link, there are no issues such as mismatch or loss associated with switching devices.

[0096] It should be noted that the above description of the specific implementation of this application uses the example of the antenna being located in the lower left corner of the rear view of the electronic device. In other embodiments of this application, the antenna may also be located in other parts of the lower antenna region, and the zero-order mode, loop mode, or zero-order mode, loop mode, and balanced mode may be excited based on a similar mechanism, thereby achieving better coverage of mid-to-high frequencies and providing better radiation performance.

[0097] For general antenna solutions, while improving radiation performance, the SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) also increases. However, for the sake of user protection and to meet the requirements of various market access standards, antenna solutions in electronic devices must provide good radiation performance while ensuring that the SAR does not exceed the limit.

[0098] The antenna solutions provided in the embodiments of this application, such as those described above, are... Figures 6-14 as well as Figures 15-18 The provided antenna scheme can provide good SAR while offering good radiation performance.

[0099] It should be understood that in some cases, when the antenna pattern is relatively uniform in all directions, it indicates that the energy distribution in the radiation of the space field is relatively dispersed, and the SAR will not cause local excessively high current due to excessive concentration. Figure 19 It shows having, as Figure 15 or Figure 16 The example shown is a simulation of the antenna pattern. It can be seen that in this plane, the antenna pattern is relatively uniformly distributed in all directions, without significant dips or bulges. Therefore, the spatial field distribution of this antenna is relatively uniform, resulting in a lower SAR.

[0100] For example, Table 1 shows the SAR measurement results of this antenna scheme in the mid-to-high frequency band. All measurements are taken at a normalized value of 18 dBm.

[0101] Table 1

[0102]

[0103] As shown in Table 1, the SAR values ​​on the bottom, back, and left side of the antenna are all low in the mid-to-high frequency range. Therefore, while providing good radiation performance, no additional SAR reduction schemes (such as power back-off using a SAR sensor) are needed, making the scheme simpler and easier to implement, while saving response costs.

[0104] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Accordingly, this specification and drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of this application as defined by the appended claims, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if such modifications and modifications of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is also intended to include such modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A terminal antenna, characterized by, The terminal antenna is installed in the electronic device, and the terminal antenna includes: a first radiator, a feed point, and a ground point; One end of the first radiator is grounded through the grounding point, and the other end of the first radiator is provided with the feed point. The length of the first radiator is less than 1 / 4 wavelength of the operating frequency band of the terminal antenna; The first radiator is also provided with a slit penetrating the first radiator, the slit having an interdigitated structure, and the number of the slits being at least two; The first radiator is an L-shaped structure, the L-shaped structure includes a first side that is parallel to the bottom side of the electronic device, and the feed point is located on the first side; The terminal antenna operates in at least a first frequency band and a second frequency band. The terminal antenna covers the first frequency band through the resonance corresponding to the zero-order mode, and the resonance corresponding to the zero-order mode is generated by the interdigital gap. The terminal antenna covers the second frequency band through the resonance corresponding to the loop mode, and the first frequency band is different from the second frequency band. The gap is filled with a dielectric material, which has a different dielectric constant than the first radiator. When different dielectric materials are used, the resonant coverage frequency band corresponding to the zero-order mode is different.

2. The terminal antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the length of the first radiator is different, the resonant frequency band corresponding to the Loop mode is different, and the resonant frequency band corresponding to the zero-order mode is also different.

3. The terminal antenna of claim 1, wherein, When the structural parameters of the interdigital structure are different, the resonant frequency band corresponding to the zero-order mode is different; The structural parameters of the interdigitated structure include at least one of the following: The interdigitated structure has a slit width (s) parallel to the first radiator, a slit width (g) perpendicular to the first radiator, and a length (f) parallel to the first radiator.

4. The terminal antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The slit width (s) parallel to the first radiator is within 20% of 0.2 mm, the slit width (g) perpendicular to the first radiator is within 20% of 0.3 mm, and the length (f) of the interdigitated structure parallel to the first radiator is within 20% of 2.1 mm.

5. The terminal antenna according to claim 1 or claim 4, wherein, The first radiator is positioned at a corner of the electronic device. The first radiator includes a first portion and a second portion connected together. The first portion is disposed on the side of the electronic device corresponding to the corner, and the second portion is disposed on the bottom edge of the electronic device corresponding to the corner. The power supply point is located at the end of the second part, and the grounding point is located at the end of the first part.

6. The terminal antenna according to claim 1 or claim 4, wherein, The terminal antenna is mounted on a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), the first radiator is a conductive structure on the FPC, and the slot is formed in the conductive structure.

7. The terminal antenna according to claim 1 or claim 4, wherein, The number of the interdigitated slits ranges from two to five.

8. The terminal antenna of claim 5, wherein, The terminal antenna also includes a second radiator, which is not connected to the first radiator. The end of the second radiator away from the first part is grounded, and the end of the second radiator close to the first part is suspended.

9. The terminal antenna of claim 8, wherein, The operating frequency band of the terminal antenna also includes a third frequency band, which is different from the first frequency band or the second frequency band. The third frequency band is covered by the terminal antenna through the resonance corresponding to the balanced mode, and the resonance corresponding to the balanced mode is generated by the second radiator.

10. The terminal antenna of claim 9, wherein, The first frequency band, the second frequency band, and the third frequency band together cover the range from 1.7 GHz to 2.7 GHz.

11. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device is equipped with a terminal antenna as described in any one of claims 1-10; when the electronic device transmits or receives signals, it transmits or receives signals through the terminal antenna.

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