Internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle
By optimizing the flow of the heating medium through an electrically assisted exhaust gas turbocharger and a recirculation loop, the problem of difficulty in heating the exhaust gas reprocessing device during cold starts of internal combustion engines has been solved, achieving rapid and efficient exhaust gas purification.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- MERCEDES BENZ GRP
- Filing Date
- 2021-07-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies struggle to quickly and efficiently heat the exhaust gas reprocessing unit of an internal combustion engine, especially during cold starts, leading to increased emissions of harmful substances in the exhaust gas.
An electrically assisted exhaust gas turbocharger guides the heating medium from the intake system to the exhaust system through piping. The motor drives the impeller to heat the exhaust gas reprocessing unit, and the flow of the heating medium is optimized through a recirculation loop and exhaust gas return piping to ensure that the exhaust gas reprocessing unit heats up quickly when the engine is stationary.
This technology enables rapid and efficient heating of the waste gas reprocessing device, reducing the emission of harmful substances after cold start and improving the efficiency of waste gas purification.
Smart Images
Figure CN116034216B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to an internal combustion engine for motor vehicles. This invention also relates to a motor vehicle. Background Technology
[0002] DE 10 2017 213 004 A1 discloses an internal combustion engine comprising an internal combustion engine, a fresh air system for supplying fresh air to the internal combustion engine, an exhaust gas system for discharging exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine, and at least one exhaust gas reprocessing device integrated within the exhaust gas system. The internal combustion engine further includes an electric compressor integrated into the fresh air system or the exhaust gas system, and a heating device located upstream of or integrated into the exhaust gas reprocessing device for heating the gas flowing through it. The internal combustion engine has a control device designed such that, when the temperature of the internal combustion engine components is below a predetermined limit, the control device, as needed, simultaneously operates the compressor and the heating device in the non-operating mode of the internal combustion engine.
[0003] Additionally, DE 10 2018 129 955 A1 discloses a method for pre-temperature treating exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine, particularly a motor vehicle internal combustion engine, for exhaust and purification of combustion exhaust gases. In this method, air is heated by a heating element within the exhaust gas treatment device. A hot airflow is generated in the exhaust gas treatment device by a fan using the heated air, wherein a first catalytic converter of the exhaust gas treatment device is heated to a minimum operating temperature by the hot airflow. Finally, DE 10 2018 003 961 A1 discloses an internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle having an exhaust gas treatment device through which exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine can flow, wherein at least one exhaust gas retreatment component for re-treating the exhaust gases is arranged within the exhaust gas treatment device.
[0004] In addition, EP 3 020 939 A1 discloses an engine system including an engine assembly, an intake manifold for supplying fresh air to the engine assembly, an exhaust manifold through which exhaust gas discharged from the engine assembly flows, and an exhaust gas turbocharger having a turbine disposed in the exhaust manifold and a compressor disposed in the intake manifold. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The objective of this invention is to provide an internal combustion engine and a motor vehicle that enable particularly advantageous and rapid heating of the exhaust gas reprocessing device.
[0006] According to the present invention, this task is accomplished by an internal combustion engine and a motor vehicle having the following characteristics.
[0007] A first aspect of the invention relates to an internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle, the motor vehicle being driven by the internal combustion engine via a driven shaft. The internal combustion engine has at least one combustion chamber and an intake system through which air can flow, wherein air can be supplied to the combustion chamber via the intake system. The internal combustion engine further includes an exhaust gas system through which exhaust gas from the combustion chamber flows, wherein an exhaust gas retreatment device for retreating the exhaust gas is provided in the exhaust gas system. Furthermore, in the exhaust gas system, at least one heating element for heating the gas flowing through the exhaust gas system is provided upstream of the exhaust gas retreatment device. The internal combustion engine includes an electrically assisted exhaust gas turbocharger having a compressor impeller, serving as a first impeller arranged in the intake system, for compressing air flowing through the intake system. The electrically assisted exhaust gas turbocharger also has a turbine impeller, serving as a second impeller arranged in the exhaust gas system and driven by the exhaust gas, and an electric motor. With the aid of this motor, at least one of the impellers can be driven during heating operation of the exhaust gas retreatment device, thereby introducing air as a heating medium into the exhaust gas system by means of at least one impeller during heating operation in which the combustion process in the combustion chamber is prohibited and the driven shaft is stationary. The heating medium can be heated by means of the heating element during heating operation of the exhaust gas retreatment device. Therefore, for example, the heating medium is the gas or the following gases, which can be heated or heated by means of the heating element.
[0008] To enable particularly advantageous and rapid heating of the exhaust gas retreatment device, the internal combustion engine has at least one piping component extending within an exhaust gas turbocharger through which a heating medium can flow. This piping component allows at least a portion of the heating medium to be guided from the intake system through the exhaust gas turbocharger into the exhaust system. Preferably, at least more than half, and in particular the entire piping component, extends within the exhaust gas turbocharger. For example, the piping component is fluidly connected to the intake system at one end, particularly within the exhaust gas turbocharger, at a first connecting portion, and fluidly connected to the exhaust system at the other end, particularly within the exhaust gas turbocharger, at a second connecting portion. It is preferable that the entire piping component extends continuously within the exhaust gas turbocharger from the first connecting portion to the second connecting portion.
[0009] Motor vehicles are preferably designed as automobiles, especially passenger cars. The internal combustion engine can be designed as a piston engine and has an engine assembly containing a combustion chamber. Fluid, and generally air, flows into the combustion chamber through the intake system. During ignition operation, the combustion process takes place within the combustion chamber. In the respective combustion processes, the fuel-air mixture is burned, resulting in exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine. The fuel-air mixture comprises the air flowing through the intake system and, in particular, liquid fuel, which is input, especially injected directly, into the combustion chamber.
[0010] An exhaust gas reprocessing device is installed in the exhaust gas system, which can also be called an exhaust gas equipment, for reprocessing the exhaust gas. In other words, the exhaust gas reprocessing device is used to purify the exhaust gas by means of, in particular, at least one catalyst and / or at least one filter, such as a particulate filter. With the aid of the catalyst, harmful substances present in the exhaust gas, such as carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and / or unburned hydrocarbons, are converted into harmless substances by at least one chemical reaction. The catalyst can therefore be designed as a three-way catalytic converter. The catalyst specifically refers to a component that particularly reduces the activation energy of the chemical reaction, thereby allowing the chemical reaction to proceed at a very fast reaction rate. The activation energy is specifically the energy required to start the chemical reaction. The reaction rate is specifically the speed at which the chemical reaction proceeds. The filter is specifically a component that traps solids from the gas stream or liquid stream. This is particularly effective in filtering out solids or harmful substances called particulates or carbon black from the exhaust gas.
[0011] For effective internal combustion engine exhaust purification, it is advantageous for the exhaust gas reprocessing unit, especially the catalytic converter, to have a minimum temperature, which can be referred to as the transition temperature, ignition temperature, or starting temperature. Therefore, the exhaust gas reprocessing unit needs to be heated, especially during cold starts. A cold start specifically refers to the process of putting the internal combustion engine into use, starting, engaging, or activating it, at which point the engine temperature is approximately equal to the ambient temperature. During engine starting, the internal combustion engine transitions from a state where combustion is prohibited in the combustion chamber and the driven shaft is stationary—a state also known as "engine standstill"—to a starting state, also known as "ignition running." After a cold start, the exhaust gas reprocessing unit is heated by the exhaust gas. Especially in vehicles with a combination of an internal combustion engine and electric drive, it is difficult for the exhaust gas system to be heated or kept warm by the exhaust gas because the exhaust gas mass flow may be small or nonexistent in many operating conditions. Electric drive specifically refers to the electric drive of a motor vehicle, in which the vehicle is at least partially driven by an electric motor.
[0012] A heating element arranged upstream of the exhaust gas reprocessing unit within the exhaust gas system can particularly accelerate the heating of the exhaust gas reprocessing unit, especially after a cold start. This heating element is designed such that it heats the gas flowing through or around it, such as exhaust gas. During normal operation of the internal combustion engine and / or its cold start, the gas is exhaust gas. During the heated operation of the internal combustion engine, which differs from normal operation, the gas is air, which is heated by the heating element and used as a heating medium for the reheating or heating of the exhaust gas reprocessing unit.
[0013] To allow for particularly advantageous and rapid heating of the exhaust gas reprocessing unit, the present invention includes a piping element that extends at least primarily or entirely within the exhaust gas turbocharger and through which the heating medium can flow. During heating operation, at least a portion of the heating medium can be guided via the piping element from the intake system through the exhaust gas turbocharger and around the combustion chamber or all combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine into the exhaust system and delivered to the heating element. The delivery of the heating medium from the intake system to the exhaust system and then to the heating element is carried out, for example, by means of an electric or electrically assisted exhaust gas turbocharger. In this case, at least one of the two impellers is driven by an electric motor using electrical energy, which can be particularly derived from a power supply device called an on-board power supply. The delivery of the heating medium from the intake system to the exhaust system and then to the heating element can therefore be carried out, particularly when the engine is stationary. Thus, the exhaust gas reprocessing unit can be advantageously heated. This allows for temperature treatment of the exhaust gas reprocessing unit, especially when the engine is stationary. Consequently, a small amount of harmful substances are emitted from the internal combustion engine, especially after a cold start.
[0014] In one embodiment of the invention, a valve is provided in the piping component, thereby allowing regulation of the amount of heating medium flowing through the piping component. For this purpose, the valve can be connected to a regulating device, which may be referred to as a regulating component, for example, in the form of a control device or also called a control device. The piping component can be partially or completely closed by means of the valve.
[0015] In another embodiment, a first connection for fluidly connecting the piping to the intake system is arranged upstream or downstream of the compressor impeller. A second connection for fluidly connecting the piping to the exhaust system is alternatively or additionally arranged upstream or downstream of the turbine impeller, wherein the first connection is located upstream of the second connection. The first and second connections may be located inside or outside the exhaust gas turbocharger. At the first connection, at least a portion of the heating medium flowing through the intake system may be diverted and guided via the piping through the exhaust gas turbocharger to the second connection, where it may be introduced into the exhaust system.
[0016] In other designs of the invention, the internal combustion engine has an exhaust gas recirculation line that is fluidly connected to the exhaust gas system at a branch point located downstream of the turbine impeller, particularly downstream of the exhaust gas reprocessing unit. Additionally, the exhaust gas recirculation line is fluidly connected to the intake system at an inlet point. The inlet point can be located within the intake system, upstream or downstream of the compressor impeller. At least a portion of the exhaust gas can be diverted from the exhaust gas system at the branch point and introduced into the exhaust gas recirculation line. The exhaust gas introduced into the exhaust gas recirculation line can flow through the exhaust gas recirculation line and be guided to the inlet point, where it is introduced into the intake system; this can be particularly referred to as low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation. Thus, the exhaust gas can be guided into the combustion chamber. A small amount of the exhaust gas already present in the combustion chamber before the combustion process begins can be retained, which may contain, in particular, nitric oxide or nitrogen dioxide, both collectively referred to as nitrogen oxides. During heating operation, for example, at least a portion of the heating medium can be guided from the diversion section to the inlet section and then introduced into the intake system. This allows at least a portion of the heating medium, heated by the heating element, to be returned to the heating element and the exhaust gas reprocessing unit via piping after flowing through the exhaust gas reprocessing unit, thus creating a recirculation loop. In this way, not only the exhaust gas reprocessing unit is heated, but also other parts of the intake and exhaust systems. This results in a small temperature gradient between the exhaust gas reprocessing unit and its surrounding exhaust system components, thus minimizing heat loss from the exhaust gas reprocessing unit to the surrounding components. In other words, the heat loss of the exhaust gas reprocessing unit is very low. This allows for highly efficient heating and insulation of the exhaust gas reprocessing unit. Furthermore, the heating medium can be brought to a very high temperature in a short time, thereby efficiently heating the exhaust gas reprocessing unit. The recirculation loop can operate, particularly when the engine is stationary. The delivery of the heating medium in the recirculation loop can be, or at least supported, by means of at least one electrically powered impeller. In other words, the recirculation loop can be maintained by means of at least one electrically powered impeller. Therefore, the exhaust gas reprocessing device achieves temperature treatment, especially when the engine is stationary. As a result, very few harmful substances are emitted from the internal combustion engine, especially after a cold start.
[0017] In another embodiment, an exhaust gas return valve is installed in the exhaust gas return line, thereby regulating the amount of exhaust gas and / or heating medium flowing through the exhaust gas return line. For this purpose, the exhaust gas return valve can be connected to and controlled by the regulating device. The exhaust gas return line can be partially or completely closed, for example, by means of the exhaust gas return valve.
[0018] Another embodiment features an internal combustion engine with a return line that is fluidly connected to the exhaust gas system at a first branch located upstream of the turbine impeller and to the intake system at a second branch. The second branch is preferably located downstream of the compressor impeller. The return line allows at least a portion of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas system to be diverted from the exhaust system and introduced into the return line. The exhaust gas introduced into the return line can flow through the return line in a first flow direction and thus be guided from the first branch to the second branch and introduced into the intake system at the second branch; this is particularly referred to as high-pressure exhaust gas recirculation. During heating operation, at least a portion or all of the heating medium can be diverted from the intake system at the second branch and introduced into the return line. The exhaust gas introduced into the return line can flow through the return line in a second flow direction opposite to the first flow direction and be guided from the second branch to the first branch via the return line. Here, the heating medium enters the exhaust system from the intake system, bypassing the combustion chamber or all combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine, and is guided to the heating element, thereby the heating medium and the exhaust gas reprocessing device can be heated particularly effectively.
[0019] In another embodiment of the invention, a return valve is provided in the return line, thereby regulating the amount of waste gas and / or heating medium flowing through the return line. For this purpose, the return valve can be connected to and controlled by a regulating device. The return line can be partially or completely closed, for example, by means of the return valve.
[0020] In other designs, the internal combustion engine has at least one recirculation line fluidly connected to the exhaust gas system at a third connection point downstream of the exhaust gas retreatment device and a fourth connection point upstream of the heating element. Through the recirculation line, at least a portion of the heating medium can be diverted from the exhaust gas system at the third connection point, fed into the recirculation line, returned from the third connection point to the fourth connection point, and then re-enter the exhaust gas system at the fourth connection point. The heating medium can be supplied to the exhaust gas system and simultaneously circulated, particularly through the recirculation line, by means of an electrically powered second impeller.
[0021] In another embodiment of the invention, a recirculation valve is provided within the recirculation line, thereby allowing adjustment of the amount of heating medium flowing through the recirculation line. For this purpose, the recirculation valve can be connected to and controlled by a regulating device. The recirculation line can be partially or completely closed, for example, by means of the recirculation valve.
[0022] Finally, it has been found particularly advantageous that the heating element has at least one electric heating element and / or at least one burner and / or at least one electrocatalyst. The electric heating element specifically refers to a heating element that converts electric current into heat. The burner specifically refers to a heating element in which at least one fuel, particularly liquid or gaseous, is combusted in a flame-forming or flameless manner and therefore catalytically, especially in the case of releasing or outputting heat. The electrocatalyst specifically refers to a catalyst that is heated or can be heated by means of an electric heating element, wherein the electric heating element can, for example, be fixed to the catalytic housing and / or connected to the catalytic structure or catalytically active structure of the catalytic reactor.
[0023] A second aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle having the internal combustion engine of the invention according to the first aspect. Advantages and advantageous designs of the first aspect of the invention will be regarded as advantages and advantageous designs of the second aspect of the invention, and vice versa. The motor vehicle of the invention is preferably designed as an automobile, especially a passenger car, a truck, a bus, or a motorcycle. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Other advantages, features, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The features and combinations thereof mentioned above in the specification, as well as those mentioned below in the description of the drawings and / or shown individually in the unique drawings, may be used not only in their respective specified combinations, but also in other combinations or individually, without departing from the scope of the invention.
[0025] The drawing shows a schematic view of the internal combustion engine of the present invention in a single figure. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The only schematic diagram shows an internal combustion engine 10 for a motor vehicle, particularly a car preferably designed as a passenger car. Here, the motor vehicle is driven by the internal combustion engine 10. The internal combustion engine 10 has an intake manifold / intake system 12, at least one cylinder, and an exhaust manifold / exhaust system 16. The cylinder portion defines a combustion chamber 14. The internal combustion engine 10 has a piston that is translatably housed within the cylinder. The piston portion defines the combustion chamber 14. In the embodiment shown, it is a four-cylinder engine containing exactly four combustion chambers 14.
[0027] The intake system allows a fluid in the form of air to flow through, guiding the air into the combustion chamber 14. Within the combustion chamber 14, a combustion process occurs during the ignition and operation of the internal combustion engine 10, thereby generating exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine 10. The exhaust gases may also flow through an exhaust system 12, referred to as an exhaust gas device, and exit the combustion chamber 14 via the exhaust system 12. At least one heating element 18 and an exhaust gas retreatment device 20 are provided within the exhaust system 16, wherein the heating element 18 is arranged upstream of the exhaust gas retreatment device 20. The exhaust gas retreatment device 20 includes at least one exhaust gas purification component. The exhaust gas purification component may be designed, for example, as an oxidation catalyst, particularly a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), a NOx storage catalyst (NSK), an SCR catalyst (selective catalytic reduction catalyst), a diesel particulate filter (DPF), or an SCR catalyst on a diesel particulate filter (SDPF).
[0028] Oxidation catalysts specifically refer to catalysts that remove carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons from exhaust gases by oxidation using residual oxygen. Residual oxygen specifically refers to oxygen molecules that are not part of the chemical reaction during combustion and are therefore available for further chemical reactions. NOx storage catalysts (NSK) specifically refer to catalysts in which nitrogen oxides are chemically combined and thus removed from exhaust gases in a storage section. Subsequently, nitrogen oxides can be released from the storage section during internal combustion engine operation in an oxygen-deficient state and reduced using reducing components such as unburned hydrocarbons or carbon monoxide. SCR catalysts specifically refer to catalysts in which nitrogen oxides react with urea from an input urea solution in a reductive oxidation reaction to produce nitrogen and water. Diesel particulate filters (DPF) specifically refer to filters that remove particles, also known as carbon black or dust, from exhaust gases.
[0029] The internal combustion engine 10 also has an electric, electrically assisted, or electrically assisted exhaust gas turbocharger 22, which includes a compressor impeller as a first impeller 24 arranged in the intake system 12, a turbine impeller as a second impeller 26 arranged in the exhaust system 16, and a shaft. The first impeller 24 and the second impeller 26 are mounted on the shaft and are anti-rotationally connected to the shaft. The first impeller 24, the second impeller 26, and the shaft are, for example, separate components, connected to each other such that relative movement between these components and movement relative to each other axially and radially along the shaft is prohibited or avoided. The first impeller 24 is used, for example, to compress air that can be supplied to the combustion chamber 14 via the intake system 12. With the aid of the second impeller 26, exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust system 16 from the combustion chamber 14 is expanded, thereby driving the second impeller 26 by the exhaust gas. Furthermore, the internal combustion engine 10 has an electric motor, thereby allowing the exhaust gas turbocharger 22 to be driven by electrical energy. The motor can be designed such that it drives the shaft of the exhaust gas turbocharger 22, thereby driving the first impeller 24 and the second impeller 26. Alternatively, the motor can be designed such that the first impeller 24 and / or the second impeller 26 can be directly driven by the motor. This means that the shaft is not directly driven by the motor. The internal combustion engine 10 also has a driven shaft, for example designed as a crankshaft, through which the internal combustion engine can provide torque to drive the vehicle, especially during the ignition operation of the internal combustion engine 10. During the heating operation of the internal combustion engine 10, air as a heating medium is supplied to the exhaust gas system 16 via an electrically assisted exhaust gas turbocharger 22, wherein at least one of the two impellers 24, 26 is electrically driven by a motor. During heating operation, combustion is prohibited in the combustion chamber 14 or all combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine, and the driven shaft is stationary during heating operation. Furthermore, during heating operation, the heating medium becomes heated by the heating element 18, thereby the exhaust gas reprocessing device 20 becomes heated or is heated by the heating medium that becomes heated during heating operation.
[0030] To enable particularly advantageous and rapid heating of the exhaust gas reprocessing unit 20, the internal combustion engine 10 has at least one conduit 28 extending within the exhaust gas turbocharger 22 through which a heating medium can flow. By means of the conduit 28, at least a portion of the heating medium can be guided from the intake system 12 through the exhaust gas turbocharger 22, bypassing the combustion chamber 14, into the exhaust gas system 16. The "heating medium entering the exhaust gas system 16 from the intake system 12 and being delivered to the heating element" is accomplished by means of at least one electrically driven impeller 24, 26 of the exhaust gas turbocharger 22. This allows for preheating of the exhaust gas reprocessing unit 20 while the engine is stationary, and thus, extremely advantageous temperature control. Consequently, the internal combustion engine 10 emits very few harmful substances. Engine stationary means that no combustion process is taking place in the internal combustion engine 10 and the driven shaft is stationary.
[0031] The internal combustion engine 10 has a first connecting portion 30 and a second connecting portion 32. In the first connecting portion 30, a pipe 28 is fluidly connected to the intake system 12, wherein the connecting portion 30 is arranged downstream of the first impeller 24 within the exhaust gas turbocharger 22. Alternatively, the first connecting portion 30 may be arranged, for example, upstream of the first impeller and / or outside the exhaust gas turbocharger 22. This is not shown in the figures. In the second connecting portion 32, the pipe 28 is fluidly connected to the exhaust gas system 16, and the connecting portion 32 is arranged upstream of the second impeller 26 within the exhaust gas turbocharger 22. Alternatively, the second connecting portion 32 may be arranged, for example, downstream of the second impeller and / or outside the exhaust gas turbocharger 22. In the first connecting portion 30, at least a portion of the heating medium flowing through the intake system 12 can be diverted and guided via the pipe 28 through the exhaust gas turbocharger 22 to the second connecting portion 32 and into the exhaust gas system 16.
[0032] A valve 34 is provided in the piping component 28, thereby regulating the amount of heating medium flowing through the piping component 28. For this purpose, the valve 34 can be connected to a regulating device, for example, in the form of a control device.
[0033] The internal combustion engine 10 has an exhaust gas recirculation line 36. The exhaust gas recirculation line 36 is fluidly connected to the exhaust gas system 16 at a branch section 38 located downstream of the exhaust gas retreatment device 20. Additionally, the exhaust gas recirculation line 36 is fluidly connected to the intake system 12 at an inlet section 40. By means of the exhaust gas recirculation line 36, at least a portion of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas system 16 can be guided from the branch section 38 to the inlet section 40 and then into the intake system 12, especially during ignition operation. The inlet section is located downstream of the first impeller 24 in the intake system, but it can also be located upstream of the first impeller 24, which is not shown in the figure. During heating operation, at least a portion of the heating medium can be guided from the branch section 38 to the inlet section 40 and then into the intake system 12. Therefore, during heating operation, a first recirculation loop for the heating medium can be formed via the exhaust gas recirculation line 36, in which at least a portion of the heated medium is resupplyed to the heating element 18 and the exhaust gas retreatment device 20 via the exhaust gas recirculation line 36 and via the piping component 28, bypassing the combustion chamber. The heating medium is transported via the electrically operated first impeller 24 and / or electrically operated second impeller 26 of the exhaust gas turbocharger 22. An exhaust gas recirculation valve 42 is provided in the exhaust gas recirculation line 36, thereby regulating the amount of exhaust gas and / or heating medium flowing through the exhaust gas recirculation line 36. For this purpose, the exhaust gas recirculation valve 42 can be connected to a regulating device, for example, in the form of a control device. With the aid of the first recirculation loop represented by the exhaust gas recirculation line 36, the exhaust gas retreatment device 20 can be heated particularly quickly and efficiently, thereby emitting very little harmful substances from the internal combustion engine 10.
[0034] By means of an exhaust valve 35, designed as an exhaust plate valve, located downstream of the first connection point 30 in the exhaust system 16, the mass flow of exhaust gas and / or heating medium leaving the internal combustion engine 10 can be reduced, prohibited, or intercepted. To achieve the desired mass flow, the exhaust valve 35 can be connected to a regulating device, such as a control device, capable of driving and operating, and in particular controlling or adjusting, the exhaust valve 35. By at least partially closing the exhaust system 16 by means of the exhaust valve 35, a significant amount of heating medium can be caused to flow through the recirculation loop, i.e., circulate through or along the recirculation loop. Here, the recirculation loop includes a conduit 28, through which the heating medium flowing through the recirculation loop flows and thus circulates. Through this circulation or recirculation, the exhaust gas retreatment device 20 can be heated particularly quickly and effectively.
[0035] The internal combustion engine 10 has a return line 44, which is fluidly connected to the exhaust system at a first branching section 46 located upstream of the second impeller 26 and fluidly connected to the intake system 12 at a second branching section 48. The second branching section 48 is preferably located downstream of the first impeller 24. Through the return line 44, at least a portion of the exhaust gas can be guided from the first branching section 46 to the second branching section 48 in a first flow direction and can then enter the intake system 12 from the second branching section 48. During heating operation, the heating medium can be guided from the second branching section 48 to the first branching section 46 in a second flow direction opposite to the first flow direction and can then enter the exhaust system 16 from the first branching section 46. Here, the heating medium is delivered from the intake system to the heating element 18, at least by means of the electrically operated first impeller 24, bypassing the combustion chamber 14. A return valve 50 is provided in the return line 44, thereby allowing adjustment of the amount of exhaust gas or heating medium flowing through the return line 44. Therefore, the return valve 50 can be connected to a regulating device, for example, in the form of a control device.
[0036] The heating element 18 may have an electric heating element and / or a burner and / or an electric catalytic converter.
[0037] The internal combustion engine 10 has at least one recirculation line 52, which is fluidly connected to the exhaust gas system 16 at a third connection 54 located downstream of the exhaust gas retreatment device 20 and a fourth connection 56 located upstream of the heating element 18, particularly upstream of the turbine impeller 26. Through the recirculation line, at least a portion of the heating medium flowing through the exhaust gas system 16 can be diverted from the exhaust gas system 16 at the third connection 54 and returned from the third connection 54 to the fourth connection 56, where it can be introduced into the exhaust gas system 16. This creates a second recirculation of the heating medium, as it is returned from the third connection 54 to the corresponding upstream fourth connection 56 via this recirculation line and introduced into the exhaust gas system 16. This recirculation creates a second recirculation loop in which the heating medium circulates, or thus between the connection points 54 and 56. The second recirculation loop can be operated, particularly when the engine is stationary, by means of an electrically powered exhaust gas turbocharger 22. The second recirculation loop can operate independently of or together with the first recirculation loop. A recirculation valve 58 is provided in the recirculation line 52, thereby regulating the amount of heating medium flowing through the recirculation line 52. For this purpose, the recirculation valve 58 can be connected to a regulating device, for example, in the form of a control device.
[0038] List of reference numerals
[0039] 10 Internal Combustion Engine
[0040] 12. Intake System
[0041] 14 Combustion Chamber
[0042] 16 Exhaust Gas System
[0043] 18 Heating element
[0044] 20. Waste gas reprocessing unit
[0045] 22 Exhaust Gas Turbocharger
[0046] 24 Compressor impeller
[0047] 26 Turbine impeller
[0048] 28 Piping fittings
[0049] 30 First Connecting Part
[0050] 32 Second Connecting Part
[0051] 34 Valves
[0052] 35 Exhaust gas valve components
[0053] 36. Exhaust gas return pipeline
[0054] 38 Diversion Section
[0055] 40. Access point
[0056] 42 Exhaust gas recirculation valve
[0057] 44 Return Pipeline
[0058] 46 First Diversion Section
[0059] 48 Second Diversion Section
[0060] 50 Return valve
[0061] 52 Recirculation Piping
[0062] 54 Third connecting part
[0063] 56. Fourth connecting part
[0064] 58 Recirculation Valve
Claims
1. An internal combustion engine (10) for a motor vehicle, comprising: Driven shaft, by means of which the motor vehicle can be driven by the internal combustion engine (10); An intake system (12) through which air that should be supplied to at least one combustion chamber (14) of the internal combustion engine (10) flows; An exhaust gas system (16) through which exhaust gas from the combustion chamber (14) can pass; An exhaust gas reprocessing device (20) for reprocessing exhaust gas is arranged in the exhaust gas system (16); At least one heating element (18) arranged in the exhaust gas system (16) upstream of the exhaust gas reprocessing device (20) for heating the gas flowing through the exhaust gas system (16); and An electrically assisted exhaust gas turbocharger (22) includes a compressor impeller (24) arranged in the intake system (12) for compressing air flowing through the intake system (12), a turbine impeller (26) arranged in the exhaust system (16) and driven by exhaust gas, and a motor. The motor drives at least one of the impellers (24, 26) during heating operation for heating the exhaust gas reprocessing device (20). Thus, during heating operation, which prohibits combustion in the combustion chamber (14) and keeps the driven shaft stationary, air as a heating medium can be introduced into the exhaust gas system (16) by means of the at least one impeller (24, 26). The heating medium can be heated by means of the heating element (18) during heating operation for heating the exhaust gas reprocessing device (20). Its characteristics are, At least one piping component (28) extending within the exhaust gas turbocharger (22) and through which a heating medium can flow, is provided, by means of which at least a portion of the heating medium can be delivered from the intake system (12) through the exhaust gas turbocharger (22) into the exhaust gas system (16). The system includes an exhaust gas return pipe (36) that is fluidly connected to the exhaust gas system (16) at a branch section (38) located downstream of the turbine impeller (26) and fluidly connected to the intake system (12) at an inlet section (40) located downstream of the compressor impeller (24). This allows at least a portion of the exhaust gas and / or at least a portion of the heating medium during heating operation to be guided from the branch section (38) to the inlet section (40) and to enter the intake system (12) through the inlet section (40).
2. The internal combustion engine (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that A valve (34) is provided in the pipe fitting (28), by means of which the amount of heating medium that can flow through the pipe fitting (28) can be adjusted.
3. The internal combustion engine (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The first connection part (30) is arranged upstream or downstream of the compressor impeller (24), and the pipe (28) is fluidly connected to the intake system (12) at the first connection part.
4. The internal combustion engine (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The second connection (32) is arranged upstream or downstream of the turbine impeller (26), and the pipe (28) is fluidly connected to the exhaust gas system (16) at the second connection.
5. The internal combustion engine (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, An exhaust gas return valve (42) is provided in the exhaust gas return pipe (36), by means of which the amount of exhaust gas and / or heating medium that can flow through the exhaust gas return pipe (36) can be adjusted.
6. The internal combustion engine (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A return pipe (44) is provided, which is fluidly connected to the exhaust gas system (16) at a first branch section (46) located upstream of the turbine impeller (26) and fluidly connected to the intake system (12) at a second branch section (48), thereby allowing at least a portion of the exhaust gas to be guided from the first branch section (46) to the second branch section (48) and to enter the intake system (12) at the second branch section (48), and / or allowing at least a portion of the heating medium during heating operation to be guided from the second branch section (48) to the first branch section (46) and to enter the exhaust gas system (16) at the first branch section (46).
7. The internal combustion engine (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second branch section (48) is located downstream of the compressor impeller (24).
8. A motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims.