Bolted apparatus and method

Abstract

The application provides a bolt mounting device, comprising a controller, a hydraulic pump and a bolt mounting device connected in sequence, wherein the bolt mounting device comprises an axial force measurer, a hydraulic control module and a hydraulic wrench connected with each other; the axial force measurer is connected with the controller, and is used for measuring the axial force during bolt mounting in real time and feeding back to the controller; the hydraulic control module comprises a proportional valve, and the proportional valve is connected with the hydraulic pump, the controller and the hydraulic wrench, and is used for controlling the hydraulic pressure applied to the hydraulic wrench by the hydraulic pump. The axial force measurer is used for measuring the axial force of the bolt in real time and feeding back to the controller, the controller transmits a signal to the proportional valve according to the calculation of the axial force of the bolt, the output hydraulic pressure is adjusted through the proportional valve, and the axial force after bolt mounting meets the target axial force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bolt fastening technology, and in particular to a bolt installation device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the industrial sector, the main bolt installation methods currently used are the torque method and the tension method. The tools used are primarily hydraulic torque wrenches and hydraulic tensioners. Due to the discrete nature of the friction coefficient, the axial force of bolts obtained using traditional hydraulic wrenches is highly dispersed, often failing to achieve the designed axial force value. Furthermore, the tension method suffers from the problem of uncertain springback axial force.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device that can precisely install bolts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bolt installation device and method. The axial force measuring device measures the axial force of the bolt being tightened and inputs the measured value to the controller. The controller adjusts the output hydraulic value through a proportional valve according to the axial force, thereby achieving precise control of the bolt axial force and solving the problem in the prior art that the axial force of the installed bolt cannot be obtained as expected.

[0005] To achieve one of the above-mentioned objectives, one embodiment of the present invention provides a bolt installation device, comprising a controller, a hydraulic pump, and a bolt installation device connected in sequence, wherein the bolt installation device includes an axial force measuring device, a hydraulic control module and a hydraulic wrench connected to each other;

[0006] The axial force measuring device is connected to the controller and is used to measure the axial force during bolt installation in real time and feed it back to the controller.

[0007] The hydraulic control module includes a proportional valve, which is connected to the hydraulic pump, the controller, and the hydraulic wrench to control the hydraulic pressure applied by the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic wrench.

[0008] As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic control module further includes a relief valve, which is connected between the hydraulic pump and the proportional valve.

[0009] As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic control module further includes a pressure gauge connected between the proportional valve and the hydraulic wrench, and the pressure gauge is also connected to the controller.

[0010] As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic pump includes a return port;

[0011] The bolt installation equipment also includes an oil return module, which is connected to the oil return port of the hydraulic pump.

[0012] As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, the proportional valve, the hydraulic wrench and the relief valve are all connected to the hydraulic pump through the oil return module.

[0013] As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, multiple bolt mounting devices are provided, and multiple proportional valves in the multiple bolt mounting devices are connected to the controller, and multiple axial force measuring instruments in the multiple bolt mounting devices are connected to the controller.

[0014] As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, the axial force measuring device includes an axial force measuring sensor and an axial force measuring host that provides a signal to the axial force measuring sensor. The axial force measuring sensor is placed on the end of the bolt, and the axial force measuring host is connected to the controller.

[0015] As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, the axial force measuring host and the controller are connected by wired or wireless means.

[0016] As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, the axial force measuring device measures the axial force of the bolt by means of ultrasound.

[0017] As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, the ultrasound includes piezoelectric ultrasound, electromagnetic ultrasound, laser ultrasound and air-coupled ultrasound.

[0018] One embodiment of the present invention also provides a bolt installation method, which uses the bolt installation equipment described above for installation. The bolt installation method includes:

[0019] Input the target axial force F to the controller T The controller calculates the axial force F required for the bolt to reach the target. T Required target hydraulic value P T ;

[0020] The controller starts the hydraulic pump and proportional valve, and transmits the real-time hydraulic value P output by the proportional valve to the hydraulic wrench to the controller. The controller measures the real-time axial force F of the bolt and transmits the data to the controller. The controller calculates the proportion of the proportional valve based on the real-time axial force F and the real-time hydraulic value P, and transmits the signal to the proportional valve. The proportional valve adjusts according to the signal sent by the controller.

[0021] When the axial force measuring instrument measures F1 = F T Control the shutdown of the hydraulic pump and proportional valve.

[0022] One embodiment of the present invention also provides another bolt installation method, which uses the bolt installation equipment as described above for installation. The bolt installation method includes:

[0023] Pre-tighten the bolts and control the pre-tightening axial force F. 预 <Target axial force F T At this time, the hydraulic pressure value is P. 预 ;

[0024] Input the target axial force F to the controller T The controller calculates the axial force F required for the bolt to reach the target. T Required target hydraulic value P T ;

[0025] The controller controls the initial hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic pump to be P. 初 P 初 >P T The proportional valve is

[0026]

[0027] Control the start of the hydraulic pump and proportional valve to drive the hydraulic wrench to tighten the bolt. When the bolt stops rotating, control the shut-off of the hydraulic pump and proportional valve.

[0028] One or more technical solutions provided by this invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0029] The bolt installation equipment provided by this invention is equipped with an axial force measuring device and a hydraulic control module. The axial force measuring device measures the axial force of the bolt in real time during the bolt installation process and transmits the data to the controller. The controller calculates the hydraulic value corresponding to the required axial force in real time based on the data from the axial force measuring device and transmits the data to the proportional valve. After receiving the signal from the controller, the proportional valve adjusts the output hydraulic value so that the axial force on the bolt is the preset value, thereby achieving precise bolt installation. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the bolt installation device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] 1. Controller; 2. Hydraulic pump; 3. Hydraulic control module; 31. Proportional valve; 32. Relief valve; 33. Pressure gauge; 4. Hydraulic wrench; 5. Axial force measuring device; 51. Axial force measuring sensor; 52. Axial force measuring host; 6. Bolt; 7. Oil return module. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a bolt installation device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a controller 1, a hydraulic pump 2, and a bolt 6 mounting device connected in sequence. The bolt 6 mounting device includes an axial force measuring device 5, a hydraulic control module 3 connected to each other, and a hydraulic wrench 4. The axial force measuring device 5 is connected to the controller 1 and is used to measure the axial force of the bolt 6 in real time and feed it back to the controller 1. The hydraulic control module 3 includes a proportional valve 31, which is connected to the hydraulic pump 2, the controller 1, and the hydraulic wrench 4, and is used to control the hydraulic pressure applied by the hydraulic pump 2 to the hydraulic wrench 4.

[0035] Furthermore, the hydraulic control module 3 also includes a relief valve 32, which is connected between the hydraulic pump 2 and the proportional valve 31 to prevent the hydraulic pump 2 from outputting too much hydraulic pressure, exceeding the maximum range of the proportional valve 31, which would damage the proportional valve 31 and reduce the accuracy of the axial force for bolt 6 installation.

[0036] Furthermore, the hydraulic control module 3 also includes a pressure gauge 33, which is connected between the proportional valve 31 and the hydraulic wrench 4, and is also connected to the controller 1. The pressure gauge 33 monitors the hydraulic pressure value provided by the proportional valve 31 to the hydraulic wrench 4 and feeds it back to the controller 1. Together with the real-time axial force value fed back to the controller 1 by the axial force measuring device 5, it reduces the error of the axial force during bolt 6 installation.

[0037] Specifically, the hydraulic control module 3 includes an overflow valve 32, a proportional valve 31, and a pressure gauge 33 connected in sequence. The end of the overflow valve 32 away from the proportional valve 31 is connected to the hydraulic pump 2, and the end of the pressure gauge 33 away from the proportional valve 31 is connected to the hydraulic wrench 4. Both the proportional valve 31 and the pressure gauge 33 are connected to the controller 1.

[0038] When installing bolt 6, the expected axial force for bolt 6 installation is pre-input into controller 1. Controller 1 converts the axial force into the hydraulic value required for bolt 6 installation and controls the opening of hydraulic pump 2. Proportional valve 31 obtains the control signal corresponding to the expected axial force for bolt 6 installation from controller 1, thereby adjusting the hydraulic value output by hydraulic pump 2. The hydraulic value corresponding to the expected axial force for bolt 6 installation is input to hydraulic wrench 4. Hydraulic wrench 4 acts on bolt 6 and begins installing bolt 6 after receiving the hydraulic pressure from proportional valve 31.

[0039] The axial force measuring device 5 includes an axial force measuring sensor 51 and an axial force measuring host 52 that provides signals to the axial force measuring sensor 51. The axial force measuring sensor 51 is placed on the end of the bolt 6, and the axial force measuring host 52 is connected to the controller 1. The axial force measuring device 5 measures the axial force of the bolt 6 by means of ultrasound and feeds back the measured axial force of the bolt 6 to the controller 1 in real time. The controller 1 monitors the magnitude of the axial force of the bolt 6 during installation in real time and adjusts the hydraulic value through the proportional valve 31 to greatly improve the accuracy of the axial force of the bolt 6 during installation.

[0040] Preferably, the ultrasound includes piezoelectric ultrasound, electromagnetic ultrasound, laser ultrasound, and air-coupled ultrasound.

[0041] Furthermore, the axial force measuring host 52 is connected to the controller 1 via wired or wireless means. The two connection methods are suitable for different usage scenarios, making the bolt 6 installation equipment more adaptable.

[0042] Furthermore, the hydraulic pump 2 includes a return port, and the bolt 6 mounting device also includes a return module 7 connected to the return port of the hydraulic pump 2.

[0043] Specifically, the proportional valve 31, the hydraulic wrench 4, and the relief valve 32 are all connected to the hydraulic pump 2 through the return oil module 7. In other words, the proportional valve 31 and the hydraulic pump 2, the hydraulic wrench 4 and the hydraulic pump 2, and the relief valve 32 and the hydraulic pump 2 all form a circuit, so that the hydraulic oil circulates repeatedly between the hydraulic pump 2, the relief valve 32, the proportional valve 31, and the hydraulic wrench 4.

[0044] Furthermore, there are multiple bolt 6 mounting devices, namely, multiple overflow valves 32, proportional valves 31, pressure gauges 33, hydraulic wrenches 4, and axial force measuring devices 5. The overflow valve 32 in each bolt 6 mounting device is connected to the hydraulic pump 2, and the proportional valve 31, pressure gauge 33, and axial force measuring device 5 in each bolt 6 mounting device are connected to the controller 1.

[0045] The multiple bolt 6 mounting device can install multiple bolts 6 at the same time. When multiple bolts 6 need to be fastened on a component, installing the bolts 6 at the same time can avoid axial force errors caused by installing the bolts 6 sequentially, and can also save a lot of time and costs.

[0046] The bolt 6 installation device provided by this invention utilizes a controller 1, a hydraulic wrench 4, and an axial force measuring device 5 to form a closed-loop control system. During bolt 6 installation, the axial force of the bolt 6 is monitored in real time, and the hydraulic pressure is adjusted in real time based on the axial force feedback from the axial force measuring device 5. This ensures that the axial force of the bolt 6 after installation is the expected axial force, minimizing the error value of the bolt 6 installation axial force. Using a hydraulic pump 2 and a proportional valve 31 as actuators, instead of a servo hydraulic system, is more economical, practical, and achieves the required accuracy.

[0047] This invention also provides a bolt installation method, which uses the bolt installation equipment described above for installation. The bolt installation method includes:

[0048] Input the target axial force F into controller 1 T Controller 1 calculates that bolt 6 reaches the target axial force F. T Required target hydraulic value P T ;

[0049] The controller starts the hydraulic pump 2 and the proportional valve 31. The pressure gauge 33 transmits the real-time hydraulic value P output by the proportional valve 31 to the hydraulic wrench 4 to the controller 1. The axial force measuring device 5 measures the real-time axial force F of the bolt 6 and transmits the data to the controller 1. The controller 1 calculates the ratio of the proportional valve 31 based on the real-time axial force F and the real-time hydraulic value P, and transmits the signal to the proportional valve 31. The proportional valve 31 adjusts according to the signal sent by the controller 1.

[0050] When the axial force measuring instrument 5 measures F1 = F T Control the shutdown of hydraulic pump 2 and proportional valve 31.

[0051] This invention also provides another bolt installation method, which uses the bolt installation equipment described above for installation. The bolt installation method includes:

[0052] Pre-tighten bolt 6 and control the pre-tightening axial force F. 预 <Target axial force F T At this time, the hydraulic pressure value is P. 预 ;

[0053] Input the target axial force F into controller 1 T Controller 1 calculates that bolt 6 reaches the target axial force F. T Required target hydraulic value P T ;

[0054] Controller 1 controls the initial hydraulic pressure of hydraulic pump 2 to be P. 初 P 初 >P T The proportional valve 31 has a ratio of

[0055] The hydraulic pump 2 and proportional valve 31 are started by controlling the hydraulic wrench 4 to tighten the bolt 6. When the bolt 6 stops rotating, the hydraulic pump 2 and proportional valve 31 are shut off.

[0056] It should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0057] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bolt installation device, characterized in that, It includes a controller, a hydraulic pump, and a bolt mounting device connected in sequence. The bolt mounting device includes an axial force measuring device, a hydraulic control module connected to each other, and a hydraulic wrench. The axial force measuring device is connected to the controller and is used to measure the axial force during bolt installation in real time and feed it back to the controller. The hydraulic control module includes a proportional valve connected to the hydraulic pump, the controller, and the hydraulic wrench for controlling the hydraulic pressure applied by the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic wrench. The hydraulic control module also includes a pressure gauge connected between the proportional valve and the hydraulic wrench, and the pressure gauge is also connected to the controller. The axial force measuring device includes an axial force measuring sensor and an axial force measuring host that provides signals to the axial force measuring sensor. The axial force measuring sensor is placed on the end of the bolt, and the axial force measuring host is connected to the controller. The axial force measuring device measures the axial force of the bolt using ultrasound. The bolt installation equipment is installed according to the following method: Input the target axial force F to the controller T The controller calculates the axial force F required for the bolt to reach the target. T Required target hydraulic value P T ; The controller starts the hydraulic pump and proportional valve, and transmits the real-time hydraulic value P output by the proportional valve to the hydraulic wrench to the controller. The controller measures the real-time axial force F of the bolt and transmits the data to the controller. The controller calculates the proportion of the proportional valve based on the real-time axial force F and the real-time hydraulic value P, and transmits the signal to the proportional valve. The proportional valve adjusts according to the signal sent by the controller. When the axial force measuring instrument measures F1=F T Control the shutdown of the hydraulic pump and proportional valve.

2. The bolt installation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic control module also includes a relief valve, which is connected between the hydraulic pump and the proportional valve.

3. The bolt installation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hydraulic pump includes an oil return port; The bolt installation equipment also includes an oil return module, which is connected to the oil return port of the hydraulic pump.

4. The bolt installation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The proportional valve, the hydraulic wrench, and the relief valve are all connected to the hydraulic pump through the return oil module.

5. The bolt installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bolt installation device is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple proportional valves in the multiple bolt installation devices are all connected to the controller, and the multiple axial force measuring instruments in the multiple bolt installation devices are all connected to the controller.

6. The bolt installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial force measuring host is connected to the controller via wired or wireless means.

7. The bolt installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasound includes piezoelectric ultrasound, electromagnetic ultrasound, laser ultrasound, and air-coupled ultrasound.

8. A bolt installation method, characterized in that, The bolt installation is performed using the bolt installation equipment as described in any one of claims 1-7, and the bolt installation method includes: Input the target axial force F to the controller T The controller calculates the axial force F required for the bolt to reach the target. T Required target hydraulic value P T ; The controller starts the hydraulic pump and proportional valve, and transmits the real-time hydraulic value P output by the proportional valve to the hydraulic wrench to the controller. The controller measures the real-time axial force F of the bolt and transmits the data to the controller. The controller calculates the proportion of the proportional valve based on the real-time axial force F and the real-time hydraulic value P, and transmits the signal to the proportional valve. The proportional valve adjusts according to the signal sent by the controller. When the axial force measuring instrument measures F1=F T Control the shutdown of the hydraulic pump and proportional valve.

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