A wind and water force reaming device

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of low permeability coal seam reaming and permeability increasing in underground coal mine, and provides an umbrella rib type wind and hydraulic reaming device, which specifically comprises a reaming rod body and a reaming cutter arm. One end of the reaming rod body is provided with a power inlet, the other end is provided with a power outlet, and a middle cavity is arranged inside and connected with the power inlet and the power outlet. Two sides of the outside of the middle cavity are each provided with a clamping tooth track. The number of the reaming cutter arm is two. One end of the reaming cutter arm is installed on the outside wall of the reaming rod body through a first hollow rotating shaft. The arm body middle part is installed on the clamping tooth track through a supporting arm. One end of the supporting arm is installed on the reaming cutter arm, and the other end is installed on the clamping tooth track. The supporting arm moves in the clamping tooth track and drives the two reaming cutter arms to open and close. The track moves and drives the two reaming cutter arms to gradually open symmetrically in the shape of "eight". When the two reaming cutter arms open to the shape of "one", the supporting arm drives the two reaming cutter arms to reset to the unopened state through the movement in the clamping tooth track.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of permeability enhancement technology for low-permeability coal seams in underground coal mines, and particularly to an umbrella-shaped wind-powered and hydraulic permeability enhancement device. Background Technology

[0002] Coal is the dominant energy source. With the continuous increase in coal seam mining depth, deep coal seam mining exhibits characteristics of high ground stress, low permeability, and severe gas hazards. This problem has become a major bottleneck restricting efficient and safe coal mine production. Pre-drainage of gas from the coal seam working face is a key technical measure to prevent coal and gas outbursts and excessive gas levels at the working face. Ordinary boreholes have limited effective drainage range in coal seams, usually requiring further permeability enhancement measures to strengthen the pre-drainage effect. Currently, using borehole enlargement devices to create cavitation holes for permeability enhancement has become one of the mainstream local permeability enhancement technologies. The principle of borehole enlargement is to create larger holes in the coal seam, causing the surrounding fractures to further develop, forming more spatial fractures, promoting gas dissipation from the coal seam, and increasing the gas drainage effect of the borehole.

[0003] Gas drainage boreholes are classified into two types based on the orientation of the borehole bottom: upward gas drainage boreholes and downward gas drainage boreholes. For upward gas drainage boreholes, the most common method for increasing permeability is to drill with ordinary drill rods followed by hydraulic-mechanical reaming. Hydraulic-mechanical reaming uses high-pressure water as the driving force to support the rotating reaming cutter wall and expand the borehole. During the hydraulic-mechanical reaming process in upward gas drainage boreholes, coal and rock debris and water can flow out along the borehole wall, preventing residual water from blocking the gas migration channel and thus ensuring the effectiveness of gas drainage after reaming. However, the gas drainage effect after hydraulic-mechanical reaming in downward gas drainage boreholes is relatively poor. This is because the coal and rock debris and water generated during the hydraulic-mechanical reaming process are difficult to flow out along the borehole wall. Even with the use of air ducts for blowing after reaming, water will still remain in the reamed borehole, creating a waterlock effect, which is detrimental to the desorption of coal seam gas, and the drainage effect may even be worse than without reaming.

[0004] Furthermore, existing borehole reaming devices all use single-blade mechanical cutter arms. The reaming effect of a single-blade arm depends primarily on water pressure, resulting in low arm strength, insufficient arm length, and a small borehole diameter. Therefore, existing borehole reaming devices cannot effectively meet the design requirements for reaming downward gas drainage boreholes in actual use. Moreover, the unreasonable cutter arm structure and small borehole diameter during the reaming process significantly reduce the coal seam permeability enhancement effect, leading to low gas drainage efficiency and consequently affecting the safe production progress of the coal mine. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art. Embodiments of the present invention provide a ribbed wind-hydraulic orifice expansion device and method, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0006] A ribbed wind-hydraulic orifice expansion device includes:

[0007] The reaming rod has a power inlet at one end and a power outlet at the other end. The reaming rod has a middle cavity that connects the power inlet and the power outlet. Two toothed rails are provided on the outer sides of the middle cavity.

[0008] The middle section cavity is provided with a first side spray channel at its outlet end. The first side spray channel is perpendicular to the middle section cavity and penetrates the enlarged hole rod.

[0009] The reaming arm consists of two reaming arms. One end of each reaming arm is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the reaming rod. The middle part of the reaming arm is mounted on the toothed track via a support arm. The middle part of the reaming arm is connected to one end of the support arm, and the other end of the support arm is mounted on the toothed track. The support arm supports movement within the toothed track and drives the two reaming arms to open and close.

[0010] The hole-reaming arm is provided with a first fluid channel along the longitudinal direction of the arm body, and the support arm is provided with a second fluid channel along the longitudinal direction of the arm body. One end of the first fluid channel is connected to the first side spray channel, and the other end of the first fluid channel is connected to the second fluid channel.

[0011] When fluid enters the reaming rod, the support arm moves on the toothed track and drives the two reaming cutter arms to gradually open symmetrically in a figure-eight shape. When the two reaming cutter arms are opened to a straight line, the support arm moves on the toothed track to drive the two reaming cutter arms back to the closed state.

[0012] Preferably, the power outlet of the expanding rod is a cylindrical cavity with a diameter of C; the power inlet of the expanding rod is a cylindrical cavity with a diameter of A; and the middle section cavity is a cylindrical cavity with a diameter of B, satisfying formula (1):

[0013] A>C>B (1)

[0014] The power outlet, power inlet, intermediate cavity, and expanding rod are concentrically arranged.

[0015] Preferably, the two locking tooth tracks are symmetrically arranged with the middle cavity as the central axis; the locking tooth track includes positioning teeth and support tracks;

[0016] The support rail is rectangular and is disposed within the enlarged hole rod body along the longitudinal direction of the enlarged hole rod body.

[0017] A row of positioning teeth is evenly arranged on the inner side of the support track near the middle cavity. The positioning teeth are crescent-shaped, and the arc of the positioning teeth faces the direction of the power outlet.

[0018] Preferably, the support arm is connected to the reaming arm via a second hollow rotating shaft, and a support piston is provided at the connection end of the support arm and the toothed track, with a support spring provided inside the support piston.

[0019] Preferably, the outlet end of the middle section cavity extends into the cavity of the power outlet, and a baffle ring plate is provided at the top of the first side spray channel. The inner diameter of the baffle ring plate is smaller than the diameter of the middle section cavity, and the baffle ring plate intercepts the fluid in the middle section cavity from flowing to the first side spray channel.

[0020] Preferably, the enlarged hole rod is further provided with a second side spray channel, which extends laterally through the enlarged hole rod. The second side spray channel is perpendicular to and communicates with the middle section cavity, and is located between the first side spray channel and the caliper rail.

[0021] Preferably, the support arm is provided with a pressure-bearing port;

[0022] The pressure-bearing port is connected to the outlet end of the second side spray channel.

[0023] Preferably, the reaming arm is connected to the outer wall of the reaming rod through the first hollow rotating shaft, and a return spring is provided at the connection end between the reaming arm and the reaming rod. One end of the return spring is connected to the reaming arm, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the reaming arm.

[0024] Preferably, the power outlet includes a front end cavity and a drill bit, the front end cavity is connected to the middle section cavity, and the drill bit is connected to the fluid outlet of the front end cavity;

[0025] The reaming arm is provided with a groove, which is used to accommodate the support arm in the closed state.

[0026] A method for expanding a wind-hydraulic orifice using an umbrella-shaped rib type, comprising the aforementioned umbrella-shaped wind-hydraulic orifice expanding device, including the following steps:

[0027] High-pressure fluid is supplied to the umbrella-shaped wind-hydraulic orifice expansion device;

[0028] High-pressure fluid enters the power inlet and the middle section cavity in sequence. When the fluid enters the middle section cavity, a portion of the fluid enters the second side spray channel, which acts on the pressure port of the reaming arm.

[0029] Another portion of the fluid continues to be delivered to the power outlet in the middle section cavity. When passing through the first side spray channel, a portion of the fluid flows into the first fluid channel and the second fluid channel in sequence through the first side spray channel, acting on the support piston of the support arm. The support piston extends and gets stuck into the caliper track.

[0030] The reaming arm is driven outward by the high-pressure fluid in the second side spray channel. When the support piston moves to the top of the caliper track, the support piston returns to the bottom of the caliper track along the side away from the positioning teeth, and the reaming arm closes, completing the reaming.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0032] This invention patent can use two high-pressure fluids, high-pressure air and high-pressure water, as the power medium. During use, it can switch between the two power media at any time. Compared with hydraulic-mechanical reaming, it can effectively avoid the water-locking effect and the problem of incomplete discharge of coal and rock slag and water during the reaming process of downward gas drainage drilling, thus solving the problem of reaming in downward gas drainage drilling. At the same time, the cutter arm structure is changed from the traditional single-blade type to the umbrella-rib type. The hydraulic / air force is transmitted to the umbrella-rib cutter arm through the fluid channel inside the reaming rod body, which greatly reduces the deformation of the reaming cutter arm in the direction perpendicular to the cutter arm when rotating to ream the hole. This solves the problems of low cutter arm strength, small reaming radius and poor reaming effect of the integrated drilling and reaming device.

[0033] This invention patent solves the problem of borehole enlargement in downward gas drainage drilling, improves the borehole enlargement effect of underground gas drainage drilling in coal mines, helps to improve coal seam permeability, enhances gas control effect, and reduces underground gas control costs in coal mines. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an umbrella-shaped wind and water hydraulic orifice expansion device according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support arm structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the closed state of the reaming arm of the umbrella-shaped wind and water hydraulic reaming device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the reaming arm of the umbrella-shaped wind and water power reaming device of the present invention in the open state.

[0039] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0040] 1. Hole-reducing rod; 2. Power outlet; 3. Front cavity; 4. Baffle ring plate; 5. First side spray channel; 6. Second side spray channel; 7. Middle cavity; 8. Power inlet; 9. Hole-reducing cutter arm; 10. First hollow rotating shaft; 11. Support spring; 12. Pressure port; 13. First fluid channel; 14. Groove; 15. Support arm; 16. Second fluid channel; 17. Second hollow rotating shaft; 18. Support piston; 19. Support spring; 20. Gear track; 2001. Positioning tooth; 2002. Support track. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an,” “a,” or “the,” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “comprising,” “including,” or “including,” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the element or object listed following the word and its equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms “connected,” “linked,” or “connected,” and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0043] It should be noted that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", and "back" used in this invention are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, an umbrella-shaped wind-hydraulic orifice expansion device includes:

[0045] The reaming rod 1 has a power inlet 8 at one end and a power outlet 2 at the other end. A middle section cavity 7 connecting the power inlet 8 and the power outlet 2 is located inside the reaming rod 1. Two toothed rails 20 are located on either side of the outer side of the middle section cavity 7. The outlet end of the middle section cavity 7 has a first side spray channel 5, which is perpendicular to and penetrates the reaming rod 1. Two reaming cutter arms 9 are also included. One end of each reaming cutter arm 9 is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the reaming rod 1. The middle part of the arm is connected to one end of a support arm 15, and the other end of the support arm 15 is mounted on... The toothed track 20 and the support arm 15 support the movement within the toothed track 20 and drive the two reaming arms 9 to open and close. The reaming arms 9 are provided with a first fluid channel 13 along the longitudinal direction of the arm body, and the support arm 15 is provided with a second fluid channel 16 along the longitudinal direction of the arm body. One end of the first fluid channel 13 is connected to the first side spray channel 5, and the other end of the first fluid channel 13 is connected to the second fluid channel 16. When fluid enters the reaming rod 1, the support arm 15 moves in the toothed track 20 and drives the two reaming arms 9 to gradually open symmetrically in a figure-eight shape. When the two reaming arms 9 are opened to a straight line, the support arm 15 drives the two reaming arms 9 to return to the closed state by moving in the toothed track 20.

[0046] Among them, the power outlet 2 of the expanding rod 1 is a cylindrical cavity with a diameter of C; the power inlet 8 of the expanding rod 1 is a cylindrical cavity with a diameter of A, and the middle section cavity 7 is a cylindrical cavity with a diameter of B, satisfying formula (1):

[0047] A>C>B (1)

[0048] Among them, the power outlet 2, power inlet 8, middle section cavity 7 and expansion rod 1 are arranged concentrically.

[0049] The two toothed tracks 20 are symmetrically arranged around the central cavity 7. Each toothed track 20 includes positioning teeth 2001 and a support track 2002. The support track 2002 is rectangular and is arranged within the reaming rod 1 along its longitudinal direction. A row of positioning teeth 2001 is evenly arranged on the inner side of the support track 2002 near the central cavity 7. The positioning teeth 2001 are crescent-shaped, and their arc faces towards the power outlet 2. The support arm 15 is connected to the reaming cutter arm 9 via a second hollow rotating shaft 17. A support piston 18 is provided at the connection end between the support arm 15 and the toothed track 20, and a support spring 1911 is installed inside the support piston 18. The outlet end of the middle section cavity 7 extends into the cavity of the power outlet 2. A flow-blocking annular plate 4 is installed at the top of the first side spray channel 5. The inner diameter of the flow-blocking annular plate 4 is smaller than the diameter of the middle section cavity 7. The flow-blocking annular plate 4 intercepts the fluid flow in the middle section cavity 7 and directs it towards the first side spray channel 5. A second side spray channel 6 is also provided on the expanding rod 1. The second side spray channel 6 extends laterally through the expanding rod 1. The second side spray channel 6 is perpendicular to and connected to the middle section cavity 7. The second side spray channel 6 is located between the first side spray channel 5 and the caliper rail. Above the first side spray channel 5, the expanding rod 1 has a flow-blocking annular plate 4 with an inner diameter smaller than the diameter of the middle section cavity 7, which intercepts part of the fluid flow towards the first side spray channel 5.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the support arm 15 is provided with a pressure-bearing port 12; the pressure-bearing port 12 is connected to the outlet end of the second side spray channel 6. The reaming arm 9 is connected to the outer wall of the reaming rod 1 through a first hollow rotating shaft 10. A return spring is provided at the connection end between the reaming arm 9 and the reaming rod 1. One end of the return spring is connected to the reaming arm 9, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the reaming arm 9. The power outlet 2 includes a front cavity 3 and a drill bit. The front cavity 3 is connected to the middle cavity 7, and the drill bit is connected to the fluid outlet of the front cavity 3. The reaming arm 9 is provided with a groove 14, which is used to accommodate the support arm 15 in the closed state.

[0051] The structure of this device is as follows: a reaming rod 1, a reaming cutter arm 9, a support arm 15, and a toothed track 20. A power outlet 2 is provided above the reaming rod 1. The power outlet 2 includes a drill bit and a front cavity 3. A middle section cavity 7 is provided in the middle part of the reaming rod 1. A first side spray channel 5 is located perpendicular to the middle section cavity 7. The first side spray channel 5 passes through the reaming rod 1 laterally and is coaxial with the lateral center of the reaming rod 1. A power inlet 8 is provided below the reaming rod 1. A first hollow rotating shaft 10 is provided at the upper end of the reaming cutter arm 9 and is connected to the reaming rod 1. The rotating shaft is connected to the reaming rod 1 through a return spring. One end of the return spring is connected to the reaming rod 1, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the reaming cutter arm 9.

[0052] The reaming arm 9 is supported and moved by the support arm 15. One end of the support arm 15 is connected to the middle of the arm body of the reaming arm 9, and the other end of the support arm 15 is engaged with the toothed track 20. A support piston 18 is provided at the connection end between the support arm 15 and the toothed track 20. When fluid enters the support arm 15, the support piston 18 is extended. Because the second side spray channel 6 applies a thrust to the reaming arm 9 when the high-pressure fluid enters, the opening of the reaming arm 9 drives the support piston 18 to move along the crescent-shaped positioning path. The side of tooth 2001 gradually moves upward until the support piston 18 moves to the top of the tooth track 20. The top of the inner wall of the tooth track is arc-shaped. The support piston 18 moves along the arc-shaped inner wall to the opposite side of the positioning tooth 2001. Since the reaming arm 9 is in a straight line at the top, completing one reaming operation, the high-pressure fluid can be stopped. Therefore, the support spring 1911 can drive the piston back to its original position. The support piston 18 slides into the bottom of the tooth track 20 along the other side. In order to prevent the support piston 18 from getting stuck in the positioning tooth 2001 during its return to the bottom of the tooth track, there is a support or even a baffle between the positioning tooth 2001 and the opposite side of the positioning tooth 2001. The inner side of the baffle guides the support piston 18 back to the bottom of the tooth track 20.

[0053] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the principle of this device is as follows: both high-pressure water flow and high-pressure air flow can be used as the power source for the expansion / closure of its reaming cutter arm 9. When performing reaming operations on downward extraction boreholes, this device uses wind power as the power source for the reaming cutter arm 9 and the supporting cutter arm. During the hole-reaming operation of this mechanical device, high-pressure water or airflow moves within the device cavity, providing power to complete the unfolding and closing process of the reaming arm 9 and the supporting arm. During operation, the high-pressure water or airflow sequentially flows through the power inlet 8, the middle section cavity 7, and the second side spray channel 6. The second side spray channel 6 acts on the pressure port 12 of the reaming arm 9, causing the return spring to extend and the reaming arm 9 to expand outwards. Simultaneously, the high-pressure water or airflow sequentially flows through the power inlet 8, the middle section cavity 7, the first side spray channel 5, the first hollow rotating shaft 10, the first fluid channel 13, the second hollow rotating shaft 17, and the second fluid channel 16, acting on the supporting piston 18 at the rear end of the supporting arm. A supporting spring 1911 is installed inside the supporting piston 18; during operation, the supporting spring 1911 extends. The supporting piston 18 extends outward, and at the same time, the reaming arm 9 expands outward, causing the supporting piston 18 to enter the positioning tooth 2001 of the toothed track 20. The reaming arm 9, supporting arm 15, supporting piston 18 and positioning tooth 2001 form a stable mechanical structure, and the supporting reaming arm 9 completes the rotational reaming. As the borehole diameter continues to increase, the high-pressure water flow or high-pressure air flow of the second side spray channel 6 causes the reaming arm 9 to continuously expand outward, and the supporting piston 18 continuously moves forward along the supporting track 2002, so that the reaming arm 9 can perform reaming at different reaming diameters. When the supporting piston 18 reaches the top of the toothed track 20, the supporting piston 18 will return to the bottom of the toothed track 20 along the opposite side of the positioning tooth 2001. At this time, the reaming arm 9 closes, completing the reaming.

[0054] This invention patent can use both hydraulic and wind power as the power medium, and can switch between the two power mediums at any time during use. Compared with hydraulic-mechanical borehole reaming, it can effectively avoid the water-locking effect and the problem of incomplete discharge of coal and rock slag and water during the borehole reaming process of downward gas drainage drilling, thus solving the problem of borehole reaming in downward gas drainage drilling. At the same time, the cutter arm structure is changed from the traditional single-blade type to the umbrella-rib type. The hydraulic / wind power is transmitted to the umbrella-rib type cutter arm through the fluid channel inside the reaming rod 1, which greatly reduces the deformation of the reaming cutter arm 9 in the direction perpendicular to the cutter arm when rotating to ream the borehole. This solves the problems of low cutter arm strength, small reaming radius and poor reaming effect of the integrated drilling and reaming device.

[0055] This invention patent solves the problem of borehole enlargement in downward gas drainage drilling, improves the borehole enlargement effect of underground gas drainage drilling in coal mines, helps to improve coal seam permeability, enhances gas control effect, and reduces underground gas control costs in coal mines.

[0056] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for expanding the orifice of a rib-type wind-hydraulic system, including the above-mentioned rib-type wind-hydraulic system expanding orifice device, comprising the following steps:

[0057] High-pressure fluid is supplied to the umbrella-shaped wind-hydraulic orifice expansion device;

[0058] High-pressure fluid enters the power inlet 8 and the middle section cavity 7 in sequence. When it enters the middle section cavity 7, a portion of the fluid enters the second side spray channel 6. The second side spray channel 6 acts on the pressure port 12 of the hole-reaming cutter arm 9.

[0059] Another portion of the fluid continues to be transmitted from the middle section cavity 7 to the power outlet 2. When passing through the first side spray channel 5, a portion of the fluid flows into the first fluid channel 13 and the second fluid channel 16 in sequence through the first side spray channel 5, acting on the support piston 18 of the support arm. The support piston 18 extends and is engaged in the caliper track. The reaming arm 9 is driven to expand outward by the high-pressure fluid in the second side spray channel 6. When the support piston 18 moves to the top of the caliper track, the support piston 18 returns to the bottom of the caliper track 20 along the side of the caliper track away from the positioning tooth 2001. The reaming arm 9 closes, completing the reaming.

[0060] This invention patent can use both hydraulic and wind power as the power medium, and can switch between the two power mediums at any time during use. Compared with hydraulic-mechanical borehole reaming, it can effectively avoid the water-locking effect and the problem of incomplete discharge of coal and rock slag and water during the borehole reaming process of downward gas drainage drilling, thus solving the problem of borehole reaming in downward gas drainage drilling. At the same time, the cutter arm structure is changed from the traditional single-blade type to the umbrella-rib type. The hydraulic / wind power is transmitted to the umbrella-rib type cutter arm through the fluid channel inside the reaming rod 1, which greatly reduces the deformation of the reaming cutter arm 9 in the direction perpendicular to the cutter arm when rotating to ream the borehole. This solves the problems of low cutter arm strength, small reaming radius and poor reaming effect of the integrated drilling and reaming device.

[0061] This invention patent solves the problem of borehole enlargement in downward gas drainage drilling, improves the borehole enlargement effect of underground gas drainage drilling in coal mines, helps to improve coal seam permeability, enhances gas control effect, and reduces underground gas control costs in coal mines.

[0062] The above embodiments are not limited to the technical solutions of the embodiments themselves, and the embodiments can be combined with each other to form new embodiments. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ribbed wind-hydraulic orifice expansion device, characterized in that, include: The reaming rod has a power inlet at one end and a power outlet at the other end. The reaming rod has a middle cavity that connects the power inlet and the power outlet. Two toothed rails are provided on the outer sides of the middle cavity. The middle section cavity is provided with a first side spray channel at its outlet end. The first side spray channel is perpendicular to the middle section cavity and penetrates the enlarged hole rod. The hole-reaming cutter arm consists of two arms. One end of each hole-reaming cutter arm is mounted on the outer wall of the hole-reaming rod body via a first hollow rotating shaft. The middle part of the hole-reaming cutter arm is connected to one end of a support arm. The other end of the support arm is mounted on a toothed track. The support arm supports movement within the toothed track and drives the two hole-reaming cutter arms to open and close. The hole-reaming arm is provided with a first fluid channel along the longitudinal direction of the arm body, and the support arm is provided with a second fluid channel along the longitudinal direction of the arm body. One end of the first fluid channel is connected to the first side spray channel, and the other end of the first fluid channel is connected to the second fluid channel. When fluid enters the body of the reaming rod, the support arm moves on the toothed track and drives the two reaming cutter arms to gradually open symmetrically in a figure-eight shape. When the two reaming cutter arms are opened to a straight line, the support arm moves on the toothed track to drive the two reaming cutter arms back to the closed state. The two locking tooth tracks are symmetrically arranged with the middle section cavity as the central axis; the locking tooth track includes positioning teeth and support tracks; The support rail is rectangular and is arranged within the borehole-expanding rod body along the longitudinal direction of the borehole-expanding rod body; a row of positioning teeth is evenly arranged on the side of the support rail near the middle cavity, the positioning teeth are crescent-shaped, and the arc of the positioning teeth faces the direction of the power outlet. The support arm is connected to the reaming cutter arm via a second hollow rotating shaft. A support piston is provided at the connection end of the support arm and the toothed track, and a support spring is provided inside the support piston.

2. The umbrella-shaped wind-hydraulic orifice expansion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power outlet of the expanding rod is a cylindrical cavity with a diameter of C; the power inlet of the expanding rod is a cylindrical cavity with a diameter of A; and the middle section cavity is a cylindrical cavity with a diameter of B, satisfying formula (1): A > C > B; (1) The power outlet, power inlet, intermediate cavity, and expanding rod are concentrically arranged.

3. The umbrella-shaped wind-hydraulic orifice expansion device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outlet end of the middle section cavity extends into the cavity of the power outlet. A baffle ring plate is provided at the top of the first side spray channel. The inner diameter of the baffle ring plate is smaller than the diameter of the middle section cavity. The baffle ring plate intercepts the fluid in the middle section cavity from flowing to the first side spray channel.

4. The umbrella-shaped wind-hydraulic orifice expansion device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The enlarged hole rod is also provided with a second side spray channel, which extends laterally through the enlarged hole rod. The second side spray channel is perpendicular to and connected to the middle section cavity. The second side spray channel is located between the first side spray channel and the toothed track.

5. The umbrella-shaped wind-hydraulic orifice expansion device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The reaming arm is provided with a pressure-bearing port; The pressure-bearing port is connected to the outlet end of the second side spray channel.

6. The umbrella-rib type wind-hydraulic orifice expansion device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The reaming cutter arm is connected to the outer wall of the reaming rod body through the first hollow rotating shaft. A return spring is provided at the connection end between the reaming cutter arm and the reaming rod body. One end of the return spring is connected to the reaming cutter arm, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the reaming rod body.

7. The umbrella-rib type wind-hydraulic orifice expansion device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power outlet includes a front cavity and a drill bit. The front cavity is connected to the middle cavity, and the drill bit is connected to the fluid outlet of the front cavity. The reaming arm is provided with a groove, which is used to accommodate the support arm in the closed state.

8. A method for expanding an umbrella-shaped wind-hydraulic borehole, characterized in that, The umbrella-shaped wind and water hydraulic orifice expanding device according to any one of claims 7 includes the following steps: High-pressure fluid is supplied to the umbrella-shaped wind-hydraulic orifice expansion device; High-pressure fluid enters the power inlet and the middle section cavity in sequence. When the fluid enters the middle section cavity, a portion of the fluid enters the second side spray channel, which acts on the pressure port of the reaming arm. Another portion of the fluid continues to be delivered to the power outlet in the middle section cavity. When passing through the first side spray channel, a portion of the fluid flows into the first fluid channel and the second fluid channel in sequence through the first side spray channel, acting on the support piston of the support arm. The support piston extends and engages with the toothed track. The reaming arm is driven outward by the high-pressure fluid in the second side spray channel. When the support piston moves to the top of the toothed track, the support piston returns to the bottom of the toothed track along the side away from the positioning tooth, and the reaming arm closes, completing the reaming process.

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