A shield segment floating monitoring device and a monitoring method

Abstract

A shield segment floating monitoring device, comprising a monitoring device and a shield segment, the monitoring device is arranged on the inner wall of the shield segment; the monitoring device comprises a sensor module, a processor module and a power management module arranged in a protection box; the sensor module comprises an acceleration sensor and an inclination sensor; the processor module comprises a micro processing unit and a wireless communication unit; the acceleration sensor and the inclination sensor are electrically connected with the micro processing unit; the output end of the micro processing unit is electrically connected with the wireless communication unit; the wireless communication unit realizes communication with an upper monitoring terminal; the device and the monitoring method do not need a rear view point, have low requirements on the surrounding monitoring environment, can be used in a poor site, are not disturbed by various processes during construction, have small size, do not affect other process constructions, are suitable for various underground or aboveground buildings needing to monitor floating and sinking, and have good applicability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of tunnel and underground engineering, and particularly relates to a shield segment floating monitoring device and a monitoring method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of urban underground rail transit and water conservancy and hydropower construction in China, shield tunnels gradually become the main technical means for underground space development due to their unique advantages, but segment floating is a common phenomenon in the construction process. Segment floating can lead to a series of problems such as deviation of shield tunnel line type and design and quality problems of the segment in the later period. There are many reasons for the floating of shield segments. In order to study the mechanism of the floating of shield tunnel segments, accurate and continuous monitoring of segment displacement is particularly important.

[0003] Traditional segment floating monitoring instruments mainly include a level or a total station, and there are also devices based on the principle of a communicating vessel. The above instruments have relatively high requirements for the measurement environment and are easily affected by tunnel construction equipment and personnel operation. In addition, the efficiency of using traditional measurement methods to measure the segment floating and sinking values in the shield tunnel is low. Moreover, such methods must use reference points, and as the number of turning points increases, the measurement error gradually increases, and the measurement time is relatively long. In order to further comprehensively and in-depth study the floating law of shield tunnel segments, it is necessary to design a real-time, dynamic, efficient, simple, independent operation, and full-process monitoring segment floating system. The present application aims to provide a shield segment floating monitoring and prediction method based on real-time acceleration, which can monitor the segment floating value in real time, dynamically and accurately and automatically record data. These data play an important role in further studying the floating law of shield segments during construction and operation period and improving the shield construction method. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a shield segment floating monitoring device and method which are reasonable in design, simple in structure, and based on real-time acceleration and ring inclination of segments to judge the floating state of segments.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted to solve the above technical problem is as follows: a shield segment floating monitoring device, comprising a monitoring device and a shield segment, the monitoring device being arranged on the inner wall of the shield segment.

[0006] The monitoring device comprises a sensor module, a processor module and a power management module arranged in a protection box, the power management module providing power supply for the sensor module and the processor module, the sensor module comprising an acceleration sensor and an inclination sensor, the processor module comprising a micro processing unit and a wireless communication unit, the acceleration sensor and the inclination sensor being electrically connected to the micro processing unit, the output end of the micro processing unit being electrically connected to the wireless communication unit, and the wireless communication unit realizing communication with an upper monitoring terminal.

[0007] The monitoring device of the application is fixed on the inner wall of the shield segment by a hot melt adhesive sheet.

[0008] The monitoring method of the shield segment floating monitoring device comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1, assemble the monitoring device: assemble the components of the monitoring device;

[0010] S2, number the floating monitoring device: number the monitoring device in sequence for subsequent data storage and analysis;

[0011] S3, install the floating monitoring device: fix the monitoring device on the inner wall of the shield segment to be monitored by heating the hot melt adhesive sheet, and ensure that the acceleration sensor and the inclination sensor are in normal working condition;

[0012] S4, data acquisition and transmission: the acceleration sensor and the inclination sensor automatically collect data, measure the vertical acceleration data of the shield segment as a(t), and the torsional inclination data as alpha(t), transmit the data to the micro processing unit, and the data processed by the micro processing unit is transmitted to the upper monitoring terminal in real time by the wireless communication unit;

[0013] S5, calculate and predict the floating amount: the upper monitoring terminal receives the data, calculates the real floating amount H(t) of the monitored shield segment in real time, judges the floating state of the shield segment, and predicts the next stage of the shield segment floating;

[0014] S6, set the alarm threshold: set the alarm threshold of the real floating amount H(t), the floating rate v(t) and the fault amount L of the shield segment in the upper monitoring terminal, and automatically issue a warning when the threshold is exceeded, so that control measures can be taken in time;

[0015] S7, reuse the floating monitoring device: after the shield segment floating remains stable, heat the hot melt adhesive sheet to melt it, remove the monitoring device, renumber the monitoring device, and then install it on the inner wall of other shield segment to be monitored, and so on.

[0016] The vertical acceleration data a(t) in step S4 of the application is

[0017] a(t) = f(t) + ξ

[0018] Wherein, ξ is the measurement error.

[0019] The floating rate v(t) in step S6 of the application is

[0020] v(t) = ∫f(t)dt + ξt + η

[0021] Wherein, η is a constant.

[0022] The real-time floating amount h1(t) of the shield segment of the application is:

[0023]

[0024] Wherein, t is time, ξ is measurement error, η and ε are constants.

[0025] The elevation change h2(t) caused by the torsion of the shield segment of the application is

[0026] h2(t)=R(1-sin(90°-α(t)))

[0027] Wherein, R is the inner diameter of the shield segment.

[0028] The real floating amount H(t) of the shield segment in step S5 of the application is:

[0029]

[0030] The misalignment amount L of the shield segment of the application is

[0031] L=H1(t)-H2(t)

[0032] Wherein, H1(t) is the floating amount of a certain ring, and H2(t) is the floating amount of the next ring.

[0033] The method for judging the floating state of the shield segment in step S5 of the application is:

[0034] When a(t)>0 and v(t)≥0, it indicates that the shield segment has a tendency to accelerate floating, if the floating amount is already large at this time, effective anti-floating measures need to be taken in time to avoid tunnel axis deviation;

[0035] When a(t)>0 and v(t)<0, it indicates that the shield segment has a tendency to decelerate sinking and then possibly accelerate floating again, at this time, no anti-floating measures need to be taken;

[0036] When a(t)<0 and v(t)≤0, it indicates that the shield segment has a tendency to accelerate sinking, but this state is relatively rare;

[0037] When a(t)<0 and v(t)>0, it indicates that the shield segment has a tendency to decelerate floating and then possibly accelerate sinking again, if the floating amount is still a certain distance from the limit value at this time, no anti-floating measures need to be taken.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:

[0039] 1. The application is easy to disassemble, simple to operate, has lower cost for underground engineering monitoring, uses less manpower and material resources, and has strong engineering practicability.

[0040] 2. The monitoring method of the present invention does not require a rear sight point, has low requirements for the surrounding monitoring environment, can be used in harsh environments, will not be affected by the interference between various processes during construction, has a small size, and will not affect the construction of other processes.

[0041] 3. Compared with traditional monitoring equipment, this invention has high measurement accuracy and simple measurement method, and can accurately monitor the entire process of building uplift and sinking, which is impossible with traditional monitoring methods; it is applicable to all types of underground or above-ground buildings that need to be monitored for uplift and sinking, and has good applicability;

[0042] 4. This invention can monitor the dynamic displacement of tunnel segments stably over a long period of time. Once this device is widely adopted, it can provide a large amount of important data for the dynamic research of earthquake resistance and disaster prevention in underground spaces.

[0043] 5. This invention can calculate based on the data transmitted by the monitoring device and determine the status of the tunnel segments. It can also determine whether an early warning is needed based on preset values, which plays a significant role in the quality control of tunnel boring machine construction and operation. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The left view.

[0046] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0047] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of monitoring device 1.

[0048] In the diagram: 1. Monitoring device; 2. Shield tunnel segment; 3. Hot melt adhesive sheet; 1-1. Accelerometer; 1-2. Tilt sensor; 1-3. Microprocessor unit; 1-4. Wireless communication unit; 1-5. Power management module; 1-6. Protection box. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] exist Figures 1 to 4The present application relates to a kind of shield segment floating monitoring device, including monitoring device 1 and shield segment 2, monitoring device 1 is set on the inner wall of shield segment 2 upper side by hot melt adhesive sheet 2, using hot melt adhesive sheet 2 to fix the both, one will not cause damage to shield segment 2, on the other hand, monitoring device 1 is easy to disassemble, can be recycled.

[0052] The monitoring device 1 includes a sensor module, a processor module, and a power management module 1-5 disposed inside the protective box 1-6. The power management module 1-5 provides power to the sensor module and the processor module. The sensor module transmits the monitored data to the processor module, which processes the data and communicates the processed data to the upper monitoring terminal. The upper monitoring terminal receives the data and processes it accordingly to determine the floating condition of the shield segment 2 and issue a warning. The sensor module includes an acceleration sensor 1-1 and an inclination sensor 1-2. The acceleration sensor 1-1 in this embodiment is vertically arranged and mainly collects real-time acceleration in the vertical direction of the shield segment 2. The model of the acceleration sensor 1-1 is Honeywell QA-3000, and the model of the inclination sensor 1-2 is Naoyu ZCT330M-LWP-ALx-CN470, which is used to collect ring-wise inclination change data of the shield segment 2. The processor module includes a micro-processing unit 1-3 and a wireless communication unit 1-4. The acceleration sensor 1-1 and the inclination sensor 1-2 are electrically connected to the micro-processing unit 1-3, and the model of the micro-processing unit 1-3 is TMS30VC5402. The output end of the micro-processing unit 1-3 is electrically connected to the wireless communication unit 1-4, and the model of the wireless communication unit 1-4 is Ankerui AWT100-4G. The wireless communication unit 1-4 communicates with the upper monitoring terminal.

[0053] The monitoring method of the above-mentioned shield segment floating monitoring device includes the following steps:

[0054] S1, assemble the monitoring device 1 into a complete set of components;

[0055] S2, number the monitoring device 1 in order for subsequent data storage and analysis;

[0056] S3, install the monitoring device 1 on the top inner wall of the shield segment 2 to be monitored by heating the hot melt adhesive sheet 3, and ensure that the acceleration sensor 1-1 and the inclination sensor 1-2 are in normal working condition;

[0057] S4, data acquisition and transmission: the acceleration sensor 1-1 and the inclination sensor 1-2 automatically acquire data, measure the vertical acceleration data a(t) and the torsional inclination data a(t) of the certain ring shield segment 2, transmit the data to the micro processing unit 1-3, and the data processed by the micro processing unit 1-3 is transmitted in real time to the upper monitoring terminal by the wireless communication unit 1-4;

[0058] S5, calculation and prediction of the floating amount: the upper monitoring terminal receives the data, calculates the real floating amount H(t) of the monitoring shield segment 2 in real time, judges the floating state of the shield segment 2, and predicts the next stage of the shield segment 2 floating, the prediction refers to knowing the current floating amount and the floating state, and according to the floating state, the change trend of the next floating amount can be predicted. For example, when the floating amount is 5 (positive value), and a(t) = 2 > 0 and v(t) = 1 > 0, the floating amount will be larger and larger, and the rate of change will be faster and faster. The prediction of other states is similar; specifically, the vertical acceleration data a(t) of the embodiment is

[0059] a(t) = f(t) + ξ

[0060] Wherein, ξ is the measurement error.

[0061] The floating rate v(t) is

[0062] v(t) = ∫f(t)dt + ξt + η

[0063] Wherein, η is a constant.

[0064] The real-time floating amount h1(t) of the shield segment 2 is:

[0065]

[0066] Wherein, t is time, ξ is measurement error, and η and ε are constants.

[0067] Since the measurement error ξ will affect the measurement accuracy of the segment floating after the second integration, it is necessary to control the measurement error to make the floating monitoring accuracy meet the engineering requirements.

[0068] At the same time, during the tunneling process of the shield machine, the shield segment 2 may be twisted to a certain extent. The monitoring device 1 installed on the top of the shield segment 2 changes in elevation due to the torsion of the shield segment 2. However, the elevation change caused by the torsion is not the segment floating amount, so the influence of this factor needs to be eliminated in the calculation of the floating amount.

[0069] The torsion data of the shield segment 2 is acquired by the high-precision inclination sensor 1-2, and the initial value of the inclination sensor 1-2 is 0, and the real-time data of the inclination sensor 1-2 is a(t),

[0070] The elevation change h2(t) caused by the twist of the shield segment 2 is

[0071] h2(t) = R(1 - sin(90° - a(t)))

[0072] wherein R is the inner diameter of the shield segment 2.

[0073] The real floating amount H(t) of the shield segment 2 is:

[0074]

[0075] The misalignment amount L of the shield segment 2 is

[0076] L = H1(t) - H2(t)

[0077] wherein H1(t) is the floating amount of a certain ring, and H2(t) is the floating amount of the next ring. The misalignment amount is used to prevent the damage and water leakage of the segment caused by the excessive misalignment amount.

[0078] Further, the method for judging the floating state of the shield segment 2 according to the vertical acceleration data a(t) and the floating rate v(t) is:

[0079] When a(t) > 0 and v(t) > 0, it indicates that the shield segment 2 has the tendency of accelerating floating, and if the floating amount is already large at this time, effective anti-floating measures should be taken in time to avoid the deviation of the tunnel axis.

[0080] When a(t) > 0 and v(t) < 0, it indicates that the shield segment 2 has the tendency of decelerating sinking and then possibly accelerating floating again, and at this time, the anti-floating measures can not be taken.

[0081] When a(t) < 0 and v(t) < 0, it indicates that the shield segment 2 has the tendency of accelerating sinking, but this state is relatively rare.

[0082] When a(t) < 0 and v(t) > 0, it indicates that the shield segment 2 has the tendency of decelerating floating and then possibly accelerating sinking again, and if the floating amount is still far from the limit value at this time, the anti-floating measures can also not be taken.

[0083] It should be noted that when the acceleration a(t) is 0, the segment can be in a static state or in a uniform floating state. Therefore, when the acceleration a(t) and v(t) are both 0, it can be judged that the segment is in a static state, and at this time, the micro-processing unit can end the floating operation; when the acceleration a(t) is 0 and v(t) is not 0, the segment is in a uniform motion state, and the floating value generated in this state is Ah = v(t)t.

[0084] S6, setting alarm threshold: setting the real floating amount H(t) of the shield segment 2, the floating rate v(t) and the alarm threshold of the wrong table amount L in the upper monitoring terminal, exceeding the threshold automatically sends early warning, so as to take control measures in time;

[0085] S7, the floating monitoring device is reused: after the shield segment 2 floats and keeps stable, the heating hot melt adhesive sheet 3 is melted, the monitoring device 1 is removed, the monitoring device 1 is renumbered, and then it is installed on the inner wall top of other shield segment 2 to be monitored, and the cycle is repeated.

[0086] If the installation position is changed to the left and right horizontal position of the shield segment 2, and the acceleration sensor 1-1 collects the acceleration in the horizontal direction, the same monitoring principle and calculation process can be used to solve the problem of the left and right drift and the wrong table monitoring difficulty of the shield segment.

Claims

1. A shield tunnel segment floating monitoring device, comprising a monitoring device (1) and a shield tunnel segment (2), characterized in that: The monitoring device (1) is installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the shield tunnel segment (2); The monitoring device (1) includes a sensor module, a processor module, and a power management module (1-5) installed inside the protective box (1-6). The power management module (1-5) provides power to the sensor module and the processor module. The sensor module includes an accelerometer (1-1) and a tilt sensor (1-2). The processor module includes a microprocessor unit (1-3) and a wireless communication unit (1-4). The accelerometer (1-1) and the tilt sensor (1-2) are electrically connected to the microprocessor unit (1-3). The output of the microprocessor unit (1-3) is electrically connected to the wireless communication unit (1-4). The wireless communication unit (1-4) communicates with the upper-level monitoring terminal. The monitoring method of the above-mentioned monitoring device includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the buoyancy monitoring device: Assemble the various components of the monitoring device (1) into shape; S2, Numbering of buoyancy monitoring devices: Number the monitoring devices (1) in sequence for subsequent data storage and analysis; S3. Installation of the floating monitoring device: Fix the monitoring device (1) to the top of the inner wall of the shield tunnel segment (2) to be monitored by heating the hot melt adhesive sheet (3), and confirm that the acceleration sensor (1-1) and the tilt sensor (1-2) are in normal working condition. S4. Data Acquisition and Transmission: Accelerometer (1-1) and tilt sensor (1-2) automatically acquire data, and measure the vertical acceleration data of a certain ring shield tunnel segment (2). Torsional tilt angle data are The data is transmitted to the microprocessor unit (1-3), and the data processed by the microprocessor unit (1-3) is transmitted to the upper monitoring terminal in real time by the wireless communication unit (1-4). S5. Calculation and prediction of uplift: The upper-level monitoring terminal receives data and calculates the actual uplift of the monitored shield tunnel segment (2) in real time. The floating state of the shield tunnel segment (2) is determined, and the floating of the shield tunnel segment (2) in the next stage is predicted; among which, the actual floating amount of the shield tunnel segment (2) is determined. for: ； S6. Set alarm threshold: Set the actual upward displacement of the shield tunnel segment (2) on the upper monitoring terminal. Ascent rate The alarm threshold for the misalignment quantity L is set, and an early warning is automatically issued when the threshold is exceeded so that control measures can be taken in a timely manner. S7. Reuse of the floating monitoring device: After the shield tunnel segment (2) floats up and remains stable, the hot melt adhesive sheet (3) is heated to melt it, the monitoring device (1) is removed, the monitoring device (1) is renumbered, and then it is reinstalled on the top of the inner wall of other shield tunnel segments (2) to be monitored, and so on.

2. The shield tunnel segment floating monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring device (1) is fixed to the inner wall of the shield tunnel segment (2) by hot melt adhesive sheet (3).

3. The monitoring method of the shield tunnel segment floating monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Vertical acceleration data in step S4 for in, This represents measurement error.

4. The monitoring method of the shield tunnel segment floating monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buoyancy rate in step S6 for in, It is a constant.

5. The monitoring method of the shield tunnel segment floating monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time upward movement of the shield tunnel segment (2) for: in, For time, To account for measurement error, and It is a constant.

6. The monitoring method of the shield tunnel segment floating monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elevation change caused by the torsion of the shield tunnel segment (2) for in, The inner diameter of the shield tunnel segment (2) is given.

7. The monitoring method of the shield tunnel segment floating monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The misalignment of the shield tunnel segment (2) for in, The upward displacement of a certain ring. This represents the upward movement of the next ring.

8. The monitoring method of the shield tunnel segment floating monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The method for determining the floating state of the shield tunnel segment (2) in step S5 is as follows: when and When this occurs, it indicates that the shield tunnel segment (2) has an accelerating upward trend. If the upward movement is already large at this time, effective anti-buoyancy measures should be taken in time to avoid deviation of the tunnel axis. when and When this occurs, it indicates that the shield tunnel segment (2) has a tendency to decelerate and sink, and then may accelerate and float again. In this case, no anti-buoyancy measures need to be taken. when and When this occurs, it indicates that the shield tunnel segment (2) has a tendency to sink at an accelerated rate, but this state is relatively rare; when and If the shield tunnel segment (2) has a tendency to decelerate and float upwards, and then may accelerate and sink again, then if the amount of upward floating is still a certain distance from the limit, anti-floating measures may not be taken.

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