A continuous measuring device for soil microbial respiration

Abstract

The application relates to a continuous measuring device for soil microbial respiration, and relates to the technical field of soil microbial measurement, which comprises a protective shell, a test box and a measuring part, the inner side of the protective shell is provided with the test box, the inner side of the test box is provided with the measuring part, a gas replacement assembly for replacing the gas after soil microbial respiration is arranged in the gap between the test box and the protective shell; the application can simultaneously perform respiration measurement and control test on multiple groups of soil microbes through the multiple groups of test cavities, improve the efficiency of the experiment, and guarantee the accuracy of the experimental structure of the soil microbial respiration measurement; furthermore, the application can discharge the gas in the gas replacement groove through the exhaust hole, avoids the internal residual of a large amount of mixed gas in the gas replacement groove during the experiment, avoids the fact that the mixed gas cannot be discharged in time, and thus influences the accuracy of the subsequent experiment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of soil microbial assays, and in particular to a continuous assay device for soil microbial respiration. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, soil sampling and analysis are conducted in scientific research experiments in ecology, grassland science, earth science, and soil science, especially the analysis of soil microorganisms to measure changes in soil microorganisms. Measuring soil microbial respiration is an important indicator for measuring changes in soil microorganisms and plays an important role in studying the decomposition and turnover of organic matter in soil and the carbon cycle between soil and the atmosphere.

[0003] Soil respiration is an important biological indicator of soil quality and fertility, reflecting the intensity of soil biological activity and soil metabolism. During ecological succession, changes in vegetation affect the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil by absorbing nutrients and returning organic matter, and soil respiration changes accordingly, indicating the process and direction of ecosystem succession. In addition, from a microclimate perspective, CO2 released by the soil changes the microclimate conditions near the ground, providing a richer carbon source for the lower canopy of plants.

[0004] Therefore, the measurement of soil microbial respiration is particularly important. For example, Chinese Patent No. CN207752004U relates to the field of soil respiration measurement technology, and in particular to an indoor soil culture and soil respiration measurement system. This indoor soil culture and soil respiration measurement system includes: an air intake system, a first control valve, a CO2 filter device, a soil culture system, a second control valve, a measuring analyzer, and a main controller. The air intake system is connected to the soil culture system through the first control valve; the CO2 filter device is connected to the first control valve; the soil culture system is connected to the measuring analyzer through the second control valve; the main controller is connected to the first control valve, the second control valve, and the measuring analyzer, respectively. It can realize real-time continuous automatic detection of CO2 released by indoor soil microbial respiration, meeting the current scientific research needs of indoor soil culture measurement.

[0005] 1. In the existing technology, the continuous measurement device for soil microbial respiration cannot simultaneously conduct control experiments on multiple groups of soil samples. It can only conduct experiments on a single soil sample step by step, which results in a slow detection effect.

[0006] 2. In the existing technology, when conducting respiration on soil microorganisms, only the gas in the sealed box containing the soil microorganisms can be directly extracted. However, after the soil microorganisms respire, the content of substances contained in the air at different altitudes varies, so it is necessary to measure them to obtain effective and accurate results. However, the existing technology cannot extract gas at different altitudes, which makes the existing technology somewhat limited.

[0007] 3. In the existing technology, when measuring the respiration of soil microorganisms, the gas inside the pipe remains inside, which can easily lead to sample contamination when conducting different experiments in the future. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to enable continuous measurement of soil microbial respiration and improve the accuracy of the measurement, this application provides a continuous measurement device for soil microbial respiration.

[0009] A continuous measurement device for soil microbial respiration includes a protective shell, a test box, and a measuring element. The test box is disposed inside the protective shell, the measuring element is disposed inside the test box, and a gas replacement component for replacing the gas after soil microbial respiration is disposed in the gap between the test box and the protective shell.

[0010] The measuring device includes a test box with several spacers fixed at equal intervals inside. A sleeve is fixed in the middle of the test box, and a test cavity for placing soil is formed between the spacers. A sealing door that can control the opening and closing of the test cavity is hinged at equal intervals at the upper end of the test box. A connecting groove corresponding to the test cavity is opened at equal intervals on the sleeve. A weighing detection component for detecting the weight of the soil is provided in the test cavity. A connecting component connecting each test cavity is provided on the inner side of the sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the weighing and detection assembly includes a balance plate movably disposed between two partition plates. A leak-proof ring is provided at the upper end of the balance plate. A balance block is fixedly connected to the end of the balance plate away from the center line of the test box. The balance block passes through the test box, and a balance groove is provided in the test box at the position corresponding to the balance block. The middle part of the balance block is hinged in the balance groove. A weighing spring is fixedly connected to the end of the balance block away from the balance plate. An up-and-down adjustment rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the weighing spring, and a weight fine-tuning module is provided on the up-and-down adjustment rod.

[0012] Preferably, the weight fine-tuning module includes a weighing rod connected to the bottom of the upper and lower adjustment rods. The weighing rod is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the test box and is sleeved on the inner side of the weighing spring. The weighing rod is slidably sleeved on the upper and lower adjustment rods.

[0013] The upper and lower adjustment rod is fixedly connected to an upper and lower adjustment rack at the end away from the test box, and the upper and lower adjustment rod and the upper and lower adjustment rack slide through the protective shell. An adjustment spring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the protective shell through a bracket, and an adjustment block is fixed on the adjustment spring. The adjustment block is movably engaged with the upper and lower adjustment rack on the upper and lower adjustment rod.

[0014] Both the balance block and the weighing rod have induction plates fixedly connected to their respective ends.

[0015] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes a switching cylinder rotatably mounted inside the sleeve and used to connect and switch multiple test cavities. The inner side of the switching cylinder is provided with a ventilation groove, which extends outward and corresponds one-to-one with the connecting groove on the sleeve. Pins are hinged at equal intervals inside the ventilation groove, and a ventilation plate is fixedly connected to the pin. A torsion spring is fixedly connected between the pin and the ventilation groove. Limiting blocks are fixed on the inner wall of the ventilation groove and at both ends of the ventilation plate. The two limiting blocks are diagonally distributed. An opening and closing module is provided at the upper end of the pin, and an exhaust module is provided on the switching cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, the opening and closing module includes an opening and closing column whose upper end of the pin passes through the test box and is fixedly connected via a bearing. The upper end of the opening and closing column is provided with a cross-shaped groove, and a knob that cooperates with it is installed sliding up and down in the cross-shaped groove. An opening and closing spring is connected between the knob and the cross-shaped groove.

[0017] The bottom of the knob is fixedly connected to a limiting helical tooth, and the upper end of the test box and directly below the knob is fixed with a fixed helical tooth that meshes with the limiting helical tooth.

[0018] Preferably, the exhaust module includes an exhaust hole at an eccentric position at the bottom of the test box, a mating hole corresponding to the exhaust hole at the bottom of the switching cylinder, square grooves at equal intervals on the side end of the switching cylinder, an exhaust spring fixedly connected in the square groove, a switching ball fixedly connected on the exhaust spring, and a switching groove corresponding to the switching ball on the inner side wall of the cylinder.

[0019] Preferably, the gas replacement assembly includes a replacement cylinder that is fixedly connected at equal intervals in the gap between the test box and the protective shell. A pusher plate is slidably installed inside the replacement cylinder, and a U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pusher plate. The U-shaped frame slides through the replacement cylinder.

[0020] The lower end of the replacement cylinder is fixedly connected to pipe No. 1 and pipe No. 4. Pipe No. 1 and pipe No. 2 are respectively fixedly connected to one-way valve No. 1 and one-way valve No. 4 at the ends near the replacement cylinder. The end of pipe No. 1 away from the replacement cylinder is connected to the air pump. Pipe No. 2 and pipe No. 3 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper end of the replacement cylinder. Pipe No. 2 and pipe No. 3 are respectively fixedly connected to one-way valve No. 2 and one-way valve No. 3 at the ends near the replacement cylinder. The end of pipe No. 2 away from the replacement cylinder slides through and is distributed in the test cavity. The end of pipe No. 3 away from the replacement cylinder is equipped with a sealing plug for sealing. The end of pipe No. 2 away from the replacement cylinder is equipped with a height adjustment module to change the position of pipe No. 2.

[0021] Preferably, the height adjustment module includes sliding blocks that slide up and down at equal intervals on the inner wall of the test box. The sliding blocks are fixedly connected to the second tube. Two symmetrically distributed support springs are fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding blocks. The upper ends of the two support springs are fixedly connected to a fixing plate, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the test box.

[0022] Preferably, a traction rope is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper end of the sliding block. The traction rope slides through the fixed plate. The traction ropes at the upper ends of several sliding blocks are connected to an execution rope. One end of the execution rope is fixed to the upper end of the test box, and the other end of the execution rope is rotatably connected to the take-up roller. The take-up roller is rotatably installed on the upper end of the test box. The side end of the take-up roller is provided with equally spaced locking grooves. Locking blocks are movably provided in the locking grooves to lock onto the locking blocks. The locking blocks slide on the upper end of the test box.

[0023] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] 1. This invention can simultaneously conduct respiration measurement control experiments on multiple groups of soil microorganisms through multiple sets of test cavities, thereby improving the efficiency of the experiment and ensuring the accuracy of the experimental structure for soil microbial respiration measurement.

[0025] 2. This invention can replace and collect the gas generated in the test cavity, avoiding pressure changes inside the test cavity during gas collection. At the same time, this invention can extract gas at different heights and levels, improving the accuracy of the equipment for continuous measurement of soil microbial respiration.

[0026] 3. This invention can discharge the gas inside the ventilation tank through the exhaust port, avoiding the accumulation of a large amount of mixed gas inside the ventilation tank during the experiment, and preventing the mixed gas from failing to be discharged in time, thus affecting the accuracy of subsequent experiments. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the measuring component.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the weighing and detection component.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the weight fine-tuning module.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the connecting components.

[0032] Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 5 A magnified view of section A in the image.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the exhaust module.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the gas replacement assembly.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first-view portion of the height adjustment module.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second-view portion of the height adjustment module.

[0037] Figure Label Explanation: B, Soil; 1, Protective Shell; 2, Test Box; 3, Measuring Component; 4, Gas Replacement Assembly; 30, Spare Plate; 31, Sleeve; 32, Sealing Door; 33, Weighing and Detection Assembly; 34, Connecting Assembly; 330, Balance Plate; 331, Leak-proof Ring; 332, Balance Block; 333, Weighing Spring; 334, Up and Down Adjusting Rod; 35, Weight Fine-tuning Module; 350, Weighing Rod; 351, Up and Down Adjusting Rack; 352, Adjusting Spring; 353, Adjusting Block; 354, Sensing Plate; 340, Switching Cylinder; 341, Pin; 342, Ventilation Plate; 343, Torsion Spring; 344, Limit Block; 36, Opening and Closing Module; 37, Exhaust Module; 3 60. Opening / closing column; 361. Knob; 362. Opening / closing spring; 363. Limiting helical tooth; 364. Fixing helical tooth; 370. Exhaust spring; 371. Exhaust hole; 372. Switching ball; 40. Replacement cylinder; 41. Air push plate; 42. U-shaped frame; 43. Pipe No. 1; 44. One-way valve No. 1; 45. Pipe No. 4; 46. One-way valve No. 4; 47. Air pump; 48. Pipe No. 2; 49. Pipe No. 3; 50. One-way valve No. 2; 51. One-way valve No. 3; 52. Sealing plug; 53. Height adjustment module; 530. Sliding block; 531. Support spring; 532. Fixing plate; 533. Traction rope; 534. Execution rope; 535. Take-up roller; 536. Clamping block. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-10 This application will be described in further detail.

[0039] This application discloses a continuous measurement device for soil microbial respiration, which detects the respiration gas and carbon dioxide content of soil microorganisms by simultaneously comparing multiple groups of soil microorganisms. Furthermore, this application can improve the efficiency of detection by controlling different variables to ensure that multiple control experiments are conducted on soil microorganisms.

[0040] See Figure 1 As shown, a continuous measurement device for soil microbial respiration includes a protective shell 1, a test box 2, and a measuring element 3. The test box 2 is disposed inside the protective shell 1, and the measuring element 3 is disposed inside the test box 2. A gas replacement component 4 for replacing the gas after soil microbial respiration is disposed in the gap between the test box 2 and the protective shell 1.

[0041] The protective shell 1 is fixed to the outside of the test box 2, thus effectively protecting the test box 2 and its internal components from collisions. The measuring component 3 is mainly used to test the soil inside the test box 2. During the placement of the soil, the weight of the soil is measured to ensure that each test cavity contains an equal weight of soil. After the soil microorganisms respire within a certain period of time, a certain amount of carbon dioxide will be generated in the air inside the test box 2. At this time, the gas replacement component 4 replaces the carbon dioxide gas and re-injects air into the interior of the test box 2 to ensure the stability of its internal air pressure.

[0042] See Figure 2 As shown, the measuring component 3 includes several spacers 30 fixed at equal intervals inside the test box 2, a sleeve 31 fixed in the middle of the test box 2, and a test cavity for placing soil formed between the several spacers 30. The upper end of the test box 2 is hinged with a sealing door 32 that can control the opening and closing of the test cavity. The function of the sealing door 32 is to facilitate the opening and closing of the test cavity and achieve its sealing.

[0043] The sleeve 31 has equally spaced connecting slots corresponding to the test cavities. The test cavities are equipped with weighing and detection components 33 for detecting soil weight. The inner side of the sleeve 31 is equipped with connecting components 34 that connect the various test cavities.

[0044] The test box 2 is fixedly installed with several partition plates 30 at equal intervals inside, which can divide the test box 2 into multiple different and non-connected areas. In this invention, the test box 2 is divided into eight areas, which are collectively referred to as test cavities. Each test cavity is provided with a sealable door 32 at the top. After manually opening the seal door 32, the operator pours the soil into the test cavity in sequence, and the weight of the soil is controlled by the weighing detection component 33 to ensure that the soil in each test cavity is of equal weight.

[0045] After each test cavity is filled with a certain amount of soil, the connection component 34 is used to control whether each test cavity is connected to the other.

[0046] For example, when test chamber 1 and test chamber 3 are under the same environmental variables such as humidity, and the respiration rate of soil microorganisms is measured only under different temperatures, test chamber 1 and test chamber 3 first need to be connected so that the internal environments of the two test chambers can be interchanged. This ensures that all environmental variables of test chamber 1 and test chamber 3 are the same in the initial state. After the internal environments of the two test chambers are the same, the two test chambers are resealed. At this time, the two test chambers are heated to different temperatures. Then, the soil microorganisms are allowed to respire and release carbon dioxide for a certain period of time before being connected.

[0047] When multiple other test cavities need to be tested, repeat the above steps: first, ensure that the initial internal environment is at the same level, then adjust the displacement variables and test them.

[0048] See Figure 3 As shown, this is a schematic diagram of the structure for detecting the weight of soil during weighing. The weighing detection component 33 includes a balance plate 330 that is movably disposed between two partition plates 30, and a leak-proof ring 331 is provided at the upper end of the balance plate 330.

[0049] The purpose of the leak-proof ring 331 is to prevent soil on the balance plate 330 from falling into the test box 2 due to gravity after the balance plate 330 tilts, thus increasing the difficulty of cleaning up the soil later.

[0050] A balance block 332 is fixedly connected to one end of the balance plate 330 away from the center line of the test box 2. The balance block 332 passes through the test box, and a balance groove is opened in the test box corresponding to the position of the balance block 332. The middle part of the balance block 332 is hinged in the balance groove. A weighing spring 333 is fixedly connected to one end of the balance block 332 away from the balance plate 330. An up-and-down adjustment rod 334 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the weighing spring 333. A weight fine adjustment module 35 is provided on the up-and-down adjustment rod 334.

[0051] In the specific implementation process, when it is necessary to conduct microbial respiration testing on the soil, the sealing door 32 is opened and the soil is placed on the balance plate 330. One end of the balance plate 330 is equipped with a weighing spring 333. The elasticity of the weighing spring 333 is used to simulate counterweight. When the weight of the soil and the elasticity of the weighing spring 333 are the same, the balance plate 330 is in a horizontal state, and the soil addition is completed.

[0052] When soil is added to the top of the balance plate 330, the balance plate 330 will gradually compress the weighing spring 333 until the weight of the soil on the balance plate 330 is the same as the elastic force of the weighing spring 333.

[0053] See Figure 4 As shown, the weight fine-tuning module 35 includes a weighing rod 350 connected to the bottom of the upper and lower adjustment rod 334. The weighing rod 350 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the test box 2, and the weighing rod 350 is sleeved on the inner side of the weighing spring 333. The weighing rod 350 is slidably sleeved on the upper and lower adjustment rod 334.

[0054] The end of the upper and lower adjustment rod 334 away from the test box 2 is fixedly connected to the upper and lower adjustment rack 351, and the upper and lower adjustment rod 334 and the upper and lower adjustment rack 351 slide through the protective shell 1. The upper end of the protective shell 1 is fixedly connected to the adjustment spring 352 through the bracket. The adjustment spring 352 is fixedly connected to the adjustment block 353, and the adjustment block 353 is movably engaged with the upper and lower adjustment rack 351 on the upper and lower adjustment rod 334.

[0055] Both the balance block 332 and the weighing rod 350 are fixedly connected to the ends of the two objects that are close to each other. An indicator light is provided on the indicator light 354. When the balance block 332 comes into contact with the indicator light 354 on the weighing rod 350, the light source at the top of the indicator light will light up, indicating that the added soil weight meets the standard.

[0056] In the specific implementation process, when the operator adds soil, the soil falls into the middle of the anti-leakage ring 331 on the balance plate 330. As the operator gradually adds soil, the weight of the soil at the top of the balance plate 330 continuously increases. At the same time, the balance block 332 on the balance plate 330 compresses the weighing spring 333, causing the weighing spring 333 to be compressed. The balance plate 330 and the balance block 332 rotate around the hinge point towards the soil until the balance plate 330 is in a horizontal state. At this time, the soil on the balance plate 330 has the same elastic force as the weighing spring 333, and the balance block 332 abuts against the weighing rod 350 sleeved in the middle of the weighing spring 333.

[0057] After the weighing bar 350 comes into contact with the balance block 332, the sensing plates 354 between the two also come into contact with each other, causing the indicator light to light up. This indicates that the soil weight has reached the standard and no more soil needs to be added.

[0058] When it is necessary to adjust the soil weight inside each test cavity, the up-and-down adjustment rod 334 is moved to adjust the elasticity of the weighing spring 333, thereby changing the weighing. Specifically, pressing down on the up-and-down adjustment rod 334 generates downward pressure on the weighing spring 333, which is then compressed. The increased pressure of the compressed weighing spring 333 on the balance block 332 requires adding more soil to the balance plate 330 to ensure that the balance plate 330 is horizontal, thus changing the soil weight. When it is necessary to reduce the soil weight, moving the up-and-down adjustment rod 334 upward can effectively reduce the soil weight.

[0059] To ensure the verticality of soil weight increase and decrease, a scale is engraved on the upper and lower adjustment rods 334. The scale can be adjusted to determine how much soil weight can be changed at each mark. When different weights of soil need to be adjusted, the scale on the upper and lower adjustment rods 334 can be used for adjustment.

[0060] See Figure 5 The diagram shows a schematic of the connection component 34. The connection component 34 is used to change the connection relationship between multiple test cavities. The connection component 34 includes a switching cylinder 340 that is rotatably installed inside the sleeve 31 and switches the connection between multiple test cavities. The inner side of the switching cylinder 340 is provided with an air exchange groove, which extends outward and corresponds one-to-one with the connecting groove on the sleeve 31. The air exchange groove has a star-shaped structure, and an opening and closing module 36 is provided in the area where the air exchange groove extends outward.

[0061] The ventilation slot is hinged with pins 341 at equal intervals. A ventilation plate 342 is fixedly connected to the pins 341. A torsion spring 343 is fixedly connected between the pins 341 and the ventilation slot. Limiting blocks 344 are fixed on the inner wall of the ventilation slot and at both ends of the ventilation plate 342. The two limiting blocks 344 are diagonally distributed. An opening and closing module 36 is provided at the upper end of the pins 341. An exhaust module 37 is provided on the switching cylinder 340.

[0062] In the specific implementation process, after soil is placed in all eight test cavities, the operator rotates the opening and closing module 36 to control the connection between the ventilation slot and the test cavity. That is, when all the sealing doors 32 are closed, the eight test cavities are in a sealed state and cannot be connected to each other. The opening and closing module 36 controls the switching of the ventilation slot on the cylinder 340 so that the ventilation slot connects to the test cavity.

[0063] See Figure 6The diagram shows the structure of the ventilation slot for opening and closing. The opening and closing module 36 includes a slot at the upper end of the pin 341. The lower half of the slot is circular and the upper half is cross-shaped. The pin 341 rotates through the test box 2. An opening and closing column 360 is slidably installed in the slot. A knob 361 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the opening and closing column 360. The upper half of the opening and closing column 360 is cylindrical and the lower half is cross-shaped. An opening and closing spring 362 is fixedly connected in the slot and is fixedly connected to the opening and closing column 360.

[0064] In the initial state, the opening and closing spring 362 has a certain tension, and the opening and closing post 360 is inserted into the slot by the tension of the opening and closing spring 362, so that the cylindrical structure of the lower half of the opening and closing post 360 is inserted into the slot.

[0065] The bottom of the knob 361 is fixedly connected to a limiting helical tooth 363, and the upper end of the test box 2, directly below the knob 361, is fixed with a fixed helical tooth 364 that meshes with the limiting helical tooth 363.

[0066] In the initial state, the knob 361 is held in place by the downward force of the opening and closing spring 362, which keeps the fixed helical tooth 364 at the bottom of the knob 361 against the limiting helical tooth 363.

[0067] In the specific implementation process, the ventilation plate 342 inside the ventilation slot abuts against two inclined limiting blocks 344 inside the ventilation slot in the initial state, and the ventilation plate 342 and the pin 341 have a certain torque in the initial state through the torsion spring 343, so that the ventilation plate 342 always has a clockwise force, and the ventilation plate 342 always abuts against the limiting blocks 344.

[0068] When it is necessary to open the corresponding ventilation slot, the operator only needs to pull the knob 361 to separate the fixed helical tooth 364 at the bottom of the knob 361 from the limiting helical tooth 363 on the test box 2. At the same time, the cross-shaped structure of the opening and closing column 360 and the slot on the pin 341 coincides with each other. Then, rotate the knob 361 in the corresponding position. The knob 361 drives the pin 341 and the ventilation plate 342 to rotate counterclockwise until the ventilation plate 342 moves away from the limiting block 344, so that the ventilation plate 342 is on the same plane along the channel direction of the ventilation slot. At this time, the ventilation slot and the corresponding test cavity are connected to each other. By analogy, the ventilation plates 342 near the test cavities that need to be connected are opened. After the test cavities are connected, wait for the humidity or other external factors inside the test cavities to be exchanged and until they are the same. This ensures that the entire test environment is at the same level during the soil microbial respiration test, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent soil microbial respiration measurements.

[0069] See Figure 7 As shown, the exhaust module 37 includes an exhaust hole 371 at an eccentric position at the bottom of the test box 2. The bottom of the switching cylinder 340 is also provided with a mating hole that corresponds to the exhaust hole 371. Square grooves are provided at equal intervals on the side end of the switching cylinder 340. An exhaust spring 370 is fixedly connected in the square groove. A switching ball 372 is fixedly connected on the exhaust spring 370. A switching groove corresponding to the switching ball 372 is provided on the inner side wall of the cylinder.

[0070] In the specific implementation process, after the ventilation plate 342 in the opening and closing module 36 is opened, the gases inside multiple test cavities will exchange and mix with each other through the ventilation slots inside the switching cylinder 340. Then the ventilation plate 342 is closed. At this time, a large amount of mixed gas will remain in the ventilation slots. If another set of soil microbial respiration measurement experiments is conducted at this time, opening the ventilation plate 342 directly will carry the gas from the previous set of experiments into the subsequent soil microbial respiration measurement experiments, thereby causing the subsequent soil microbial respiration measurement experiments to be contaminated, and further causing problems with the experimental results.

[0071] Therefore, this invention opens the exhaust port 371 at the bottom of the test box 2 by rotating the switching cylinder 340, ensuring that the ventilation tank can be connected to the outside atmosphere, venting the gas inside the ventilation tank, allowing outside air to enter the ventilation tank, ensuring that no gas remaining from other experiments remains in the ventilation tank, and reducing the impact of adverse external factors on the experiment.

[0072] By changing the ventilation direction of the ventilation trough to make the initial environment inside multiple test cavities consistent, experiments are conducted by controlling different unique variables. For example, while keeping all test environments constant, the temperature of multiple test cavities is increased so that the soil inside different test cavities is subjected to soil microbial respiration measurements at different temperatures.

[0073] When the humidity of multiple test cavities is changed while ensuring that all test environments are at the same level, a humidifier can be used to humidify different test cavities to ensure that the soil in the test cavities can be measured for soil microbial respiration under different humidity conditions.

[0074] See Figure 8 As shown, the gas replacement assembly 4 includes a replacement cylinder 40 that is fixedly connected at equal intervals in the gap between the test box 2 and the protective shell 1. A pusher plate 41 is slidably installed inside the replacement cylinder 40. A U-shaped frame 42 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pusher plate 41 and slides through the replacement cylinder 40.

[0075] The displacement cylinder 40 is pre-filled with the same gas as the test cavity. Then, the gas generated in the test cavity is evacuated by pushing the air pusher plate 41. The gas generated in the test cavity is extracted and tested. When extracting the gas in the test cavity, the gas prepared in the displacement cylinder 40 is injected into the test cavity to replace it in an equal amount, so as to avoid the gas pressure inside the test cavity being unstable.

[0076] Let's look again. Figure 8 As shown, the lower end of the replacement cylinder 40 is fixedly connected to pipe 43 and pipe 45. Pipe 43 and pipe 48 are respectively fixedly connected to one-way valve 44 and one-way valve 46 near the end of the replacement cylinder 40. The end of pipe 43 away from the replacement cylinder 40 is connected to air pump 47. Pipe 48 and pipe 49 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper end of the replacement cylinder 40. One-way valve 50 and one-way valve 51 are respectively fixedly connected to the end of pipe 48 and pipe 49 near the replacement cylinder 40. The end of pipe 48 away from the replacement cylinder 40 slides through and is distributed in the test cavity. The end of pipe 49 away from the replacement cylinder 40 is provided with a sealing plug 52 for sealing. The end of pipe 48 away from the replacement cylinder 40 is provided with a height adjustment module 53 for changing the position of pipe 48.

[0077] In the specific implementation process, after the test cavity has been placed for a period of time, the microorganisms in the soil inside the test cavity begin to respire and produce carbon dioxide. Then, the operator controls the U-shaped frame 42, which drives the push plate 41 to move downward. At the same time as the push plate 41 moves downward, the second one-way valve 50 on the second pipe 48 opens. After the second one-way valve 50 opens, it drives the gas in the test cavity to enter the displacement cylinder 40 through the second pipe 48. The gas being tested is located inside the displacement cylinder 40 and at the top of the push plate 41.

[0078] In the initial state, the displacement cylinder 40 absorbs a certain amount of gas through the bottom tube 43 and enters the displacement cylinder 40. The pusher plate 41 is located at the upper end of the displacement cylinder 40. When the pusher plate 41 moves downward, it pushes the gas through the fourth tube 45 into the test cavity, ensuring that the gas extracted by the displacement cylinder 40 is the same as the gas added to the test cavity.

[0079] After a certain amount of gas is extracted from the test cavity, the operator controls the U-shaped frame 42 to move upward. As the U-shaped frame 42 moves upward, it pulls the gas that has just been extracted from the test cavity into the testing machine through the opened No. 3 pipe 49 for testing. At the same time, as the push plate 41 moves upward, a certain amount of mixed gas is extracted from the outside through the No. 1 pipe 43 and stored in the area at the bottom of the push plate 41 of the displacement cylinder 40. This ensures the stability of the internal pressure of the test cavity when test gas is extracted from the test cavity later.

[0080] Example 2: Based on Example 1, in order to further ensure the efficiency of the test and ensure that the second tube 48 can extract gas at different heights and levels within the test cavity, this invention proposes a height adjustment module 53. This module controls the height of the second tube 48 to achieve this purpose, as shown below:

[0081] See Figure 9 and Figure 10 The diagram shows a structural schematic for adjusting the height of tube 48. The height adjustment module 53 includes sliding blocks 530 that are equidistantly mounted on the inner wall of the test box 2, sliding up and down. The sliding blocks 530 are fixedly connected to tube 48. Two symmetrically distributed support springs 531 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding blocks 530. The upper ends of the two support springs 531 are fixedly connected to a fixing plate 532, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the test box 2. Since tube 48 is connected to the sliding blocks 530, the sliding blocks 530 can be controlled to slide up and down on the inner wall of the test box 2.

[0082] A traction rope 533 is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper end of the sliding block 530. The traction rope 533 slides through the fixed plate 532. The traction ropes 533 at the upper ends of several sliding blocks 530 are connected to an execution rope 534. The execution rope 534 is rotatably connected to the take-up roller 535. The take-up roller 535 is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the test box 2. The side end of the take-up roller 535 is provided with equally spaced locking grooves. The locking blocks 536 are movably provided in the locking grooves to lock onto them. The locking blocks 536 slide on the upper end of the test box 2.

[0083] In the specific implementation process, when it is necessary to extract gas at different heights inside the test cavity, the operator rotates the take-up roller 535. By rotating the take-up roller 535, the traction rope 533 is wound around the take-up roller 535. At the same time, the traction rope 533 drives the sliding block 530 to slide up and down along the inner wall of the test box 2, thereby moving the second tube 48 to different heights inside the test cavity.

[0084] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0085] (1): When it is necessary to test the microbial respiration of the soil, open the sealing door 32 and put the soil onto the balance plate 330. One end of the balance plate 330 is equipped with a weighing spring 333. The elastic force of the weighing spring 333 is used to simulate the counterweight. When the weight of the soil and the elastic force of the weighing spring 333 are the same, the balance plate 330 is in a horizontal state, and the soil addition is completed.

[0086] (2): After the soil is placed in all eight test cavities, the operator turns the knob 361 to control the air exchange plate 342 in the air exchange slot, thereby connecting the eight test cavities with the air exchange slot and ensuring that the eight test cavities can communicate with each other.

[0087] (3): When the ventilation plate 342 in the opening and closing module 36 is opened, the gas inside the multiple test cavities will exchange and mix with each other through the ventilation slot inside the switching cylinder 340. Then the ventilation plate 342 is closed. At this time, a large amount of mixed gas will remain in the ventilation slot. If another set of soil microbial respiration measurement experiments is carried out, the ventilation plate 342 will be opened directly, which will carry the gas in the previous set of experiments to the subsequent soil microbial respiration measurement experiments, thereby causing the subsequent soil microbial respiration measurement experiments to be contaminated. Then the gas will be exhausted through the exhaust hole 371 at the bottom of the test box 2.

[0088] (4): After the test cavity has been placed for a period of time, the microorganisms in the soil inside the test cavity have begun to breathe and produce carbon dioxide. Then the operator controls the air pusher plate 41 to draw the gas in the test cavity into the replacement cylinder 40 and deliver it to the external testing machine for testing.

[0089] (5): When it is necessary to extract gas at different heights inside the test cavity, the operator rotates the take-up roller 535. By rotating the take-up roller 535, the traction rope 533 is wound around the take-up roller 535. At the same time, the traction rope 533 drives the sliding block 530 to slide up and down along the inner wall of the test box 2, thereby moving the second tube 48 to different heights inside the test cavity, and then extracting and testing gas at different heights inside the test cavity.

[0090] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous measurement device for soil microbial respiration, comprising a protective shell (1), a test box (2), and a measuring element (3), characterized in that: The inner side of the protective shell (1) is provided with a test box (2), the inner side of the test box (2) is provided with a measuring element (3), and a gas replacement component (4) for replacing the gas after the soil microorganisms respire is provided in the gap between the test box (2) and the protective shell (1). The measuring component (3) includes a test box (2) with several spacers (30) fixed at equal intervals inside. A sleeve (31) is fixed in the middle of the test box (2). A test cavity for placing soil is formed between the several spacers (30). A sealing door (32) that can control the opening and closing of the test cavity is hinged at equal intervals at the upper end of the test box (2). A communicating groove corresponding to the test cavity is opened at equal intervals on the sleeve (31). A weighing detection component (33) for detecting the weight of the soil is provided in the test cavity. A connecting component (34) connecting each test cavity is provided on the inner side of the sleeve (31). The connecting assembly (34) includes a switching cylinder (340) that is rotatably installed inside the sleeve (31) and connects and switches multiple test cavities. An air exchange groove is provided on the inner side of the switching cylinder (340). The air exchange groove extends outward and corresponds one-to-one with the connecting groove on the sleeve (31). Pins (341) are hinged at equal intervals inside the air exchange groove. An air exchange plate (342) is fixedly connected to the pin (341). A torsion spring (343) is fixedly connected between the pin (341) and the air exchange groove. Limiting blocks (344) are fixed on the inner wall of the air exchange groove and at both ends of the air exchange plate (342). The two limiting blocks (344) are diagonally distributed. An opening and closing module (36) is provided at the upper end of the pin (341). An exhaust module (37) is provided on the switching cylinder (340).

2. The continuous measurement device for soil microbial respiration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weighing detection component (33) includes a balance plate (330) movably disposed between two partition plates (30). A leak-proof ring (331) is provided at the upper end of the balance plate (330). A balance block (332) is fixedly connected to the end of the balance plate (330) away from the center line of the test box (2). The balance block (332) passes through the test box (2), and a balance groove is provided in the test box (2) at the position corresponding to the balance block (332). The middle part of the balance block (332) is hinged in the balance groove. A weighing spring (333) is fixedly connected to the end of the balance block (332) away from the balance plate (330). An upper and lower adjustment rod (334) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the weighing spring (333). A weight fine adjustment module (35) is provided on the upper and lower adjustment rod (334).

3. The continuous measurement device for soil microbial respiration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The weight fine-tuning module (35) includes a weighing rod (350) connected to the bottom of the upper and lower adjustment rod (334). The weighing rod (350) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the test box (2), and the weighing rod (350) is sleeved on the inner side of the weighing spring (333). The weighing rod (350) is slidably sleeved on the upper and lower adjustment rod (334). The upper and lower adjusting rod (334) is fixedly connected to an upper and lower adjusting rack (351) at the end away from the test box (2), and the upper and lower adjusting rod (334) and the upper and lower adjusting rack (351) slide through the protective shell (1). The upper end of the protective shell (1) is fixedly connected to an adjusting spring (352) through a bracket. An adjusting block (353) is fixed on the adjusting spring (352), and the adjusting block (353) is movably engaged with the upper and lower adjusting rack (351) on the upper and lower adjusting rod (334). The balance block (332) and the weighing rod (350) are both fixedly connected to the ends of the two objects that are close to each other. The induction plate (354) is fixedly connected to the end of the two objects that are close to each other.

4. The continuous measurement device for soil microbial respiration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing module (36) includes an opening and closing column (360) whose upper end of the pin (341) rotates through the test box (2) and is fixedly connected by a bearing. The upper end of the opening and closing column (360) is provided with a cross-shaped groove. A knob (361) that cooperates with it slides up and down in the cross-shaped groove. An opening and closing spring (362) is connected between the knob (361) and the cross-shaped groove. The bottom of the knob (361) is fixedly connected to a limiting helical tooth (363), and the upper end of the test box (2) and directly below the knob (361) is fixed with a fixed helical tooth (364) that meshes with the limiting helical tooth (363).

5. The continuous measurement device for soil microbial respiration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust module (37) includes an exhaust hole (371) at an eccentric position at the bottom of the test box (2), a matching hole corresponding to the exhaust hole (371) at the bottom of the switching cylinder (340), square grooves at equal intervals at the side end of the switching cylinder (340), an exhaust spring (370) fixedly connected in the square groove, a switching ball (372) fixedly connected on the exhaust spring (370), and a switching groove corresponding to the switching ball (372) on the inner side wall of the sleeve (31).

6. The continuous measurement device for soil microbial respiration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas replacement assembly (4) includes a replacement cylinder (40) fixedly connected at equal intervals in the gap between the test box (2) and the protective shell (1). A pusher plate (41) is slidably installed inside the replacement cylinder (40). A U-shaped frame (42) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pusher plate (41). The U-shaped frame (42) slides through the replacement cylinder (40). The lower end of the displacement cylinder (40) is fixedly connected to pipe No. 1 (43) and pipe No. 4 (45). Pipe No. 1 (43) and pipe No. 4 (45) are respectively fixedly connected to one-way valve No. 1 (44) and one-way valve No. 4 (46) at the ends of pipe No. 1 (43) away from the displacement cylinder (40). The upper end of the displacement cylinder (40) is fixedly connected to pipe No. 2 (48) and pipe No. 3 (49). Pipe No. 2 (48) and pipe No. 3 (49) are respectively fixedly connected to... The end of tube 49 near the displacement cylinder 40 is fixedly connected to a second check valve 50 and a third check valve 51. The end of tube 2 (48) away from the displacement cylinder 40 slides through and is distributed in the test cavity. The end of tube 3 (49) away from the displacement cylinder 40 is provided with a sealing plug 52 for sealing. The end of tube 2 (48) away from the displacement cylinder 40 is provided with a height adjustment module (53) to change the position of tube 2 (48).

7. A continuous measurement device for soil microbial respiration according to claim 6, characterized in that: The height adjustment module (53) includes sliding blocks (530) that slide up and down at equal intervals on the inner wall of the test box (2). The sliding blocks (530) are fixedly connected to the second tube (48). The upper end of the sliding blocks (530) is fixedly connected to two symmetrically distributed support springs (531). The upper ends of the two support springs (531) are fixedly connected to a fixing plate (532). The fixing plate (532) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the test box (2).

8. The continuous measurement device for soil microbial respiration according to claim 7, characterized in that: A traction rope (533) is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper end of the sliding block (530). The traction rope (533) slides through the fixed plate (532). The traction ropes (533) at the upper end of several sliding blocks (530) are connected to an execution rope (534). One end of the execution rope (534) is fixed to the upper end of the test box (2). The other end of the execution rope (534) is rotatably connected to the take-up roller (535). The take-up roller (535) is rotatably installed on the upper end of the test box (2). The side end of the take-up roller (535) is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove at equal intervals. A snap-fit ​​block (536) is movably provided in the snap-fit ​​groove to snap-fit ​​against it. The snap-fit ​​block (536) slides on the upper end of the test box (2).

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