Joint, verification device and method for a side beam structure of a rail transport equipment

Abstract

This invention discloses a joint, verification device, and method for the side beam structure of rail transit equipment, relating to the field of riveting joint technology. It includes at least two sets of webs, with adjacent sets of webs butt-jointed. Each set of webs includes two U-shaped web units with openings facing away from each other. Corresponding web units in each set are connected by web rivets, and both sides of the webs are connected to corresponding connecting plates by cover plate rivets. The riveting joint of this invention adopts a modular design to meet the needs of various working condition tests; the verification device can provide riveting joint strength test data to verify the accuracy of the simulation method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of riveting joint technology, and in particular to a joint, verification device and method for the side beam structure of rail transit equipment. Background Technology

[0002] I-beams are a common type of side beam structure in rail transit equipment. Designing a riveted joint for stress acquisition and subsequent correction of the riveting strength calculation method is crucial to ensuring its accuracy. The force transmission principle of the riveted joint structure is based on the clamping force provided by the rivet structure, with friction between the clamping plates resisting external loads. Frictional contact is non-linear, and the stress on the riveted structure is complex, thus requiring sophisticated calculations.

[0003] Currently, calculations for riveted structures generally employ engineering calculations or the finite element method (FEM). Engineering calculations suffer from inaccuracies in calculating local structural stresses around the rivets, and difficulties in determining the maximum load on a large number of rivets. The FEM method typically treats rivets as equivalent bolts for verification; however, differences in bolt modeling methods and sheet metal modeling methods lead to calculation discrepancies. As riveted structures are integral parts of vehicle body connections, the accuracy of their strength calculations is crucial for overall vehicle safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a joint, verification device, and method for the side beam structure of rail transit equipment. The joint adopts a modular design to meet the needs of testing under various working conditions. The verification device can provide strength test data of the riveted joint to verify the accuracy of the simulation method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a joint for a side beam structure of rail transit equipment, comprising at least two sets of webs, with adjacent sets of webs butt-jointed; each set of webs includes two U-shaped web units with openings facing away from each other, and the corresponding web units of each set of webs are connected by web rivets, and the two sides of the webs are respectively connected to the corresponding connecting plates by cover plate rivets.

[0007] As a further implementation, at least two sets of webs are each fixed with end mounting plates to form an I-shaped structure.

[0008] As a further implementation, the web unit is connected to the surface opposite the opening via a web connecting plate.

[0009] As a further implementation, the web unit includes a first cover plate, a vertical plate, and a second cover plate connected as a single unit.

[0010] As a further implementation, the upright plate is provided with multiple rows of first mounting holes at intervals, and the first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively provided with at least one row of second mounting holes.

[0011] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a joint verification device for the side beam structure of rail transit equipment, including the aforementioned joint, one end of which is connected to a specimen fixing device, and the other end is connected to a loading actuator, with a strain gauge provided at the set position of the joint.

[0012] As a further implementation, the loading actuator is docked with the end of the connector or located on the upper side of the end of the connector.

[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a joint verification method for the side beam structure of rail transit equipment, employing the aforementioned verification device, comprising:

[0014] Simulation analysis was performed on the joint to obtain the stress distribution.

[0015] Based on the joint stress cloud diagram, the high-stress region is obtained; the location of the strain gauge measuring point is determined, the direction of the principal stress at the measuring point location is obtained, and the strain gauge type is determined;

[0016] According to the stress distribution diagram, strain gauges are attached to the corresponding positions of the joint, and tests are carried out under the corresponding working conditions to collect stress results at each measuring point.

[0017] Based on the specific location of the strain gauge, the simulated stress value of the measuring point is extracted; the simulated stress value and the test stress value of the strain measuring point are summarized, the stress deviation is calculated, and the stress deviation is evaluated.

[0018] As a further implementation, the stress deviation is the percentage of the difference between the experimental value and the simulated value to the experimental value.

[0019] As a further implementation, when extracting the simulated stress values ​​of the measuring points, directional stress is extracted at the uniplane position and Von Mises stress is extracted at the triplane position.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] (1) The riveting joint of the present invention adopts a modular design, consisting of a web plate, a web plate connecting plate, a cover plate connecting plate, an end connecting plate and rivets, which facilitates testing and can meet the needs of various working conditions.

[0022] (2) The riveted joint constraint and load application of the present invention are adjustable, ensuring the accuracy of loading and constraint and improving the accuracy of test results.

[0023] (3) The joint verification method of the present invention provides riveted joint strength test data, which can improve the accuracy of riveted structure simulation and improve product safety. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a front view of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the web unit according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the web unit structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the web plate connecting plate structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cover plate connecting plate structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first end mounting plate structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second end mounting plate structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a test diagram of the tensile load strength of the joint according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a test diagram of the joint bending load strength according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the verification method of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;

[0036] Figure 12 and Figure 13 This is a stress distribution diagram according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0037] Figures 14(a) and 14(b) are stress cloud diagrams of the joint according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] Among them, 1. First web plate, 2. First cover plate connecting plate, 3. Web plate connecting plate, 4. Second web plate, 5. Cover plate rivet, 6. Bolt, 7. First end mounting plate, 8. Web plate rivet, 9. Web plate unit, 10. Second cover plate connecting plate, 11. Second end mounting plate, 12. Mounting platform, 13. First cover plate, 14. Vertical plate, 15. Second cover plate, 16. Bolt hole, 17. Loading actuator, 18. Loading fixed end, 19. Specimen fixing device. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] This embodiment provides a joint for the side beam structure of rail transit equipment, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes at least two sets of webs, a first end mounting plate 7, a second end mounting plate 11, a first cover plate connecting plate 2, a second cover plate connecting plate 10, etc., wherein adjacent sets of webs are joined together and form an I-shaped structure with the first end mounting plate 7 and the second end mounting plate 11, i.e., an I-shaped joint.

[0041] This embodiment is provided with two sets of webs, namely the first web 1 and the second web 4.

[0042] Specifically, the first web 1 and the second web 4 each include two web units 9. The web units 9 have a U-shaped structure. The opening directions of the two web units 9 of the first web 1 and the second web 4 are opposite. The web units 9 with the same opening direction are connected together. The web units 9 with the same opening direction are connected by a web connecting plate 3. The web connecting plate 3 is fitted with the surface opposite the opening and is connected to the opposite web units 9 by a web rivet 8.

[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, the web connecting plate 3 is a rectangular plate with a length greater than that of the web unit 9, so as to connect the mating web units 9 together; the length of the web connecting plate 3 can be close to the length of the two web units 9.

[0044] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the web unit 9 includes a first cover plate 13, a vertical plate 14, and a second cover plate 15 connected as a single unit. The first cover plate 13 and the second cover plate 15 may be parallel or non-parallel. The vertical plate 14 has multiple rows of first mounting holes spaced apart, with multiple first mounting holes in each row. The first mounting holes are used to install web rivets 8. The first cover plate 13 and the second cover plate 14 have at least one row of second mounting holes corresponding to each other. The second mounting holes are used to install cover plate rivets 5.

[0045] A first cover plate connecting plate 2 is provided on one side of the first web plate 1 and the second web plate 4, and the first cover plate 13 of the web plate unit 9 is connected by the first cover plate connecting plate 2; a second cover plate connecting plate 10 is provided on the other side of the first web plate 1 and the second web plate 4, and the second cover plate 15 of the web plate unit 9 is connected by the second cover plate connecting plate 10; and the first cover plate connecting plate 2 and the second cover plate connecting plate 10 are respectively fixed by cover plate rivets 5.

[0046] The first cover plate connecting plate 2 and the second cover plate connecting plate 10 have the same structure, such as Figure 6 As shown, the first cover plate connecting plate 2 and the second cover plate connecting plate 10 are rectangular plates, and their lengths are slightly less than the lengths of the two first cover plates 13 (second cover plates 15) so that the two web plate units 9 can be connected together by the same first cover plate connecting plate 2 (second cover plate connecting plate 10) and the structural strength can be guaranteed.

[0047] In this embodiment, the web sides and the main body are connected by rivets to form a modular structure, which is easy to assemble and disassemble.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, for the ends of the first web 1 and the second web 4 that are far apart from each other, a first end mounting plate 7 is fixed to one end and a second end mounting plate 11 is fixed to the other end; bolts 6 are installed on the first end mounting plate 7 and the second end mounting plate 11 respectively to achieve connection with other components.

[0049] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, both the first end mounting plate 7 and the second end mounting plate 11 are rectangular plates, and bolt holes 16 are respectively provided; the second end mounting plate 11 in this embodiment is larger than the first end mounting plate 7.

[0050] Of course, in other embodiments, the first end mounting plate 7 and the second end mounting plate 11 may also be polygonal, circular or other shapes.

[0051] Each plate in this embodiment is made of the same or different metal materials; the connecting surfaces of the plates can be processed or treated in various ways, and can simulate various combinations of unprocessed metal surfaces, painting, machining, anti-corrosion coating, etc.

[0052] The riveting structure in this embodiment adopts a modular design, which can meet the needs of different material combinations and facilitates testing.

[0053] Example 2:

[0054] This embodiment provides a joint verification device for the side beam structure of rail transit equipment, including the joint described in Embodiment 1. One end of the joint is connected to the specimen fixing device 19, and the other end is connected to the loading actuator 17. The loading actuator 17 can be connected to the end of the joint or set on the upper part of one end of the joint for bending load strength testing.

[0055] The second end mounting plate 11 of the joint is connected to the specimen fixing device 19 by bolts 6. The specimen fixing device 19 is fixed to the mounting platform 12. The specimen fixing device 19 can be a fixing plate, a fixing bracket or other structure, as long as it can bear the force during the joint loading process.

[0056] like Figure 9 As shown, one end of the loading actuator 17 is the loading fixed end 18, and the other end is the loading end. The loading actuator 17 is aligned with the joint length direction. The loading actuator 17 is used to stretch the end of the joint to achieve the tensile load strength test of the riveted joint.

[0057] like Figure 10 As shown, the loading end of the loading actuator 17 is perpendicular to the side of the joint (corresponding to the side where the first cover plate 13 or the second cover plate 15 is located) and close to the end of the first end mounting plate 7 to apply vertical pressure for bending load strength testing.

[0058] In this embodiment, the loading actuator 17 can be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, etc.

[0059] Strain gauges are installed at the joint's designated location to detect the joint's deformation during the test.

[0060] Example 3:

[0061] This embodiment provides a joint verification method for the side beam structure of rail transit equipment, employing the verification device described in Embodiment 2, such as... Figure 11 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0062] 1) Fabricate the joint described in Example 1, namely the I-type riveting joint. The material and size of the riveting joint are consistent with the drawing, and the specifications and models of the rivets are consistent with the drawing. The riveting joint passes the inspection. The joint is simulated and analyzed using the finite element method to obtain the stress distribution of the joint.

[0063] 2) Analyze the joint stress cloud diagrams and principal stress directions shown in Figures 14(a) and 14(b). In Figure (a), the circled areas represent high stress locations, which determine the strain gauge measurement points. Use finite element software to obtain the principal stress directions at the measurement points. Uniaxial strain gauges are used when the principal stress directions are clear and singular, while triaxial strain gauges are used when the principal stress directions are not obvious.

[0064] 3) According to such Figure 12 and Figure 13 Strain gauges were attached to the stress distribution diagram shown, and tests were conducted under the corresponding working conditions to collect stress results at each measuring point.

[0065] The tests under the corresponding working conditions are divided into two stages: the formal test and the pre-test residual stress removal test. Before conducting the formal test, a large load needs to be applied to the riveted joint to remove the residual stress generated during the riveting process and the fabrication of the riveted specimen.

[0066] 4) Based on the specific location of the strain gauge, extract the simulated stress value of the measuring point, extract the directional stress at the uniaxial strain gauge location, and extract the Von Mises stress at the triaxial strain gauge location.

[0067] 5) Summarize the simulated stress and test stress at the strain measurement points, and calculate the stress deviation;

[0068] Stress deviation = (simulated stress - test stress) / test stress.

[0069] 6) Evaluate stress deviation: If the stress deviation is large, analyze the reasons for the difference, check the finite element model and the experimental process. If the cause is simulation-related, modify the finite element model. If the cause is experimental-related, improve the experimental plan and re-test. Based on ensuring the accuracy of the experimental results, modify and improve the finite element model, including but not limited to model simplification, element selection, mesh generation, load application, constraint application, solver application, contact settings, and stress extraction.

[0070] 7) Evaluate stress deviation: If the stress deviation is small, summarize the simulation analysis method for riveted joints and write a calculation report; if the stress deviation is large, repeat step 6) until the stress deviation is small, and summarize the simulation analysis method for riveted joints and write a calculation report.

[0071] The verification method in this embodiment improves the accuracy of riveting structure simulation and greatly enhances product safety.

[0072] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A joint for a side beam structure of rail transit equipment, characterized in that, It includes two sets of webs, namely a first web and a second web, each of which includes two U-shaped web units with opposite opening directions; the web units with the same opening direction in the first web and the second web are joined together. The web units with the same opening direction in the first and second webs are connected by web connecting plates, wherein the web connecting plates are in contact with the surfaces opposite to the openings; the web connecting plates and the web units with opposite directions are connected together by web rivets. A first cover plate connecting plate is provided on one side of the first web and the second web, and the first cover plate of the web unit is connected by the first cover plate connecting plate; a second cover plate connecting plate is provided on the other side of the first web and the second web, and the second cover plate of the web unit is connected by the second cover plate connecting plate; and the first cover plate connecting plate and the second cover plate connecting plate are respectively fixed by cover plate rivets. The two ends formed by the two sets of webs are respectively fixed with end mounting plates to form an I-shaped structure.

2. A joint for a side beam structure of rail transit equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The web unit includes a first cover plate, a vertical plate, and a second cover plate that are connected as one piece.

3. A joint for a side beam structure of rail transit equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upright plate is provided with multiple rows of first mounting holes at intervals, and the first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively provided with at least one row of second mounting holes.

4. A joint verification device for a side beam structure of rail transit equipment, characterized in that, Includes the joint as described in any one of claims 1-3, wherein one end of the joint is connected to the specimen fixing device by bolts, the other end is connected to the loading actuator, and a strain gauge is provided at the set position of the joint; The loading actuator is connected to the end of the connector or located on the upper side of the end of the connector.

5. A method for joint verification of a side beam structure of rail transit equipment, characterized in that, The verification apparatus as described in claim 4 includes: Simulation analysis was performed on the joint to obtain the stress distribution. Based on the joint stress cloud diagram, the high-stress region is obtained; the location of the strain gauge measuring point is determined, the direction of the principal stress at the measuring point location is obtained, and the strain gauge type is determined; According to the stress distribution diagram, strain gauges are attached to the corresponding positions of the joint, and tests are carried out under the corresponding working conditions to collect stress results at each measuring point. Based on the specific location of the strain gauge, the simulated stress value of the measuring point is extracted; the simulated stress value and the test stress value of the strain measuring point are summarized, the stress deviation is calculated, and the stress deviation is evaluated.

6. A method for verifying a joint of a side beam structure of rail transit equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The stress deviation is the percentage of the difference between the experimental value and the simulated value to the experimental value.

7. The method for verifying the joint of the side beam structure of rail transit equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, When extracting the simulated stress values ​​of the measuring points, directional stress is extracted at the uniplane position, and Von Mises stress is extracted at the triplane position.

Images