A tibial osteotomy guide

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of medical devices, in particular to a tibial osteotomy guide plate, comprising an osteotomy guide part, the osteotomy guide part comprising an osteotomy slot, further comprising a positioning assembly, the positioning assembly being detachably connected with the osteotomy guide part; the bottom of the osteotomy guide part is provided with a connecting block; the connecting block is provided with a first retaining assembly and a second retaining assembly; the first retaining assembly is arranged between the osteotomy guide part and the second retaining assembly; the extension direction of the first retaining assembly and the second retaining assembly is parallel to the extension direction of the osteotomy slot; the connecting block is further provided with a force line guide rod and a third retaining assembly, the extension direction of the force line guide rod forms an acute angle with the plane in which the osteotomy slot is located; the extension direction of the third retaining assembly is arranged at an angle with the extension direction of the first retaining assembly; further comprising a tibial tuberosity attaching part; the tibial tuberosity attaching part is connected with the connecting block. The present application can accurately perform osteotomy on the proximal tibia, adjust the osteotomy amount and verify the force line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular to a tibial osteotomy guide plate. Background Technology

[0002] Total knee replacement surgery, as a serious surgical procedure, is generally used to relieve pain and improve joint stability. It is particularly suitable for elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis, long-term chronic pain, and limited joint mobility; some elderly patients, including middle-aged and young patients, suffer from rheumatoid arthritis or other conditions leading to joint deformities and pain; or those who have previously suffered injuries, such as knee fractures, resulting in uneven joint surfaces and, over time, severe traumatic arthritis. All these conditions can be improved through total knee replacement surgery.

[0003] In total knee replacement surgery, surgeons need to perform an osteotomy on the proximal tibia. During the osteotomy, surgeons often use a proximal tibia osteotomy module to adjust the osteotomy. The precision of the osteotomy depends on the surgeon's experience, and the postoperative outcome also varies depending on the surgeon's experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a tibial osteotomy guide plate, a method for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model, and an apparatus to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a tibial osteotomy guide plate, comprising an osteotomy guide portion, the osteotomy guide portion including an osteotomy groove and a positioning component, the positioning component being detachably connected to the osteotomy guide portion; a connecting block is provided at the bottom of the osteotomy guide portion; a first retention component and a second retention component are provided on the connecting block; the first retention component is disposed between the osteotomy guide portion and the second retention component; the extending directions of the first and second retention components are parallel to the extending direction of the osteotomy groove; a force line guide rod and a third retention component are also provided on the connecting block, the extending direction of the force line guide rod forming an acute angle with the plane where the osteotomy groove is located; the extending direction of the third retention component is angled to the extending direction of the first retention component; and a tibial tuberosity attachment portion is provided; the tibial tuberosity attachment portion is connected to the connecting block.

[0006] To achieve the above and other related objectives, a second aspect of this application provides a method for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model, comprising:

[0007] S1 provides a three-dimensional model of the tibia and foot, defining the tibial plateau, tibial mechanical axis, tibial tuberosity, and foot. The tibial plateau includes the medial and lateral tibial condyles. A coarse osteotomy surface perpendicular to the tibial mechanical axis is formed by extending a certain distance from the tibial plateau toward the foot. A proximal tibial osteotomy plane is constructed based on the coarse osteotomy surface. The angle between the proximal tibial osteotomy plane and the coarse osteotomy surface is 3° to 7°.

[0008] S2 determines the center point of the osteotomy guide portion on the proximal tibia osteotomy plane. A first guide surface is formed by extending outwards from the center point, and a second guide surface is formed outwards from the center point. The length of the second guide surface is greater than that of the first guide surface, and the width of the second guide surface is less than or equal to that of the first guide surface. Using the first guide surface as a reference, a certain distance is extended perpendicularly to the first guide surface towards its front and back sides to form the first guide portion. Using the second guide surface as a reference, a certain distance is extended perpendicularly to the second guide surface towards its front and back sides to form the second guide portion, avoiding the first guide portion during the extension process. The first guide portion is subtracted from the second guide portion by Boolean to obtain the osteotomy guide portion. The subtracted portion of the first guide portion forms the osteotomy groove.

[0009] S3 is based on a tibial platform to construct a positioning component; the positioning component is detachable from the osteotomy guide.

[0010] S4 constructs a connecting block at the bottom of the osteotomy guide;

[0011] S5 constructs a parallel first retention component and a second retention component on the connecting block; during construction, in the coronal plane, the distance between the first retention component and the osteotomy guide is greater than the distance between the second retention component and the osteotomy guide; in the sagittal plane, the extension directions of the first retention component and the second retention component are both parallel to the extension direction of the osteotomy groove.

[0012] S6 constructs a third retention component on the connecting block at an angle to the extension direction of the first retention component;

[0013] S7 constructs a force line guide rod on the connecting block that is parallel to the extension direction of the tibial mechanical axis;

[0014] S8 constructs a tibial tuberosity attachment on the connecting block, extending from the connecting block to the medial side of the tibial tuberosity to form the tibial tuberosity attachment.

[0015] To achieve the above and other related objectives, a third aspect of this application provides a device for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model, comprising:

[0016] A three-dimensional model acquisition unit for the tibia and foot is used to determine the tibial plateau, tibial mechanical axis, tibial tuberosity, and foot. The tibial plateau includes the medial tibial condyle and the lateral tibial condyle. A coarse osteotomy surface perpendicular to the tibial mechanical axis is formed by extending a certain distance from the tibial plateau toward the foot. A proximal tibial osteotomy plane is constructed based on the coarse osteotomy surface. The angle between the proximal tibial osteotomy plane and the coarse osteotomy surface is 3° to 7°.

[0017] The osteotomy guide unit is constructed by defining a center point for the osteotomy guide on the proximal tibial osteotomy plane. A first guide surface is formed by extending outwards from the center point, and a second guide surface is formed outwards from the center point. The length of the second guide surface is greater than that of the first guide surface, and the width of the second guide surface is less than or equal to that of the first guide surface. Using the first guide surface as a reference, a certain distance is extended perpendicularly to the first guide surface towards its front and back sides to form the first guide portion. Using the second guide surface as a reference, a certain distance is extended perpendicularly to the second guide surface towards its front and back sides to form the second guide portion, avoiding the first guide portion during the extension process. The first guide portion is subtracted from the second guide portion using Boolean subtraction to obtain the osteotomy guide portion. The subtracted portion of the first guide portion forms the osteotomy groove.

[0018] A positioning component construction unit is used to construct a positioning component based on a tibial platform; the positioning component is detachable from the osteotomy guide.

[0019] A connecting block building unit is used to build a connecting block at the bottom of the osteotomy guide;

[0020] A first retention component and a second retention component building unit are used to build parallel first retention components and second retention components on the connecting block.

[0021] The third retention component construction unit is used to construct a third retention component on the connecting block at an angle to the extending direction of the first retention component;

[0022] Force line guide rod construction unit, used to construct a force line guide rod on the connecting block that is parallel to the extension direction of the tibial mechanical axis;

[0023] Tibial tuberosity attachment construction unit, used to construct a tibial tuberosity attachment on a connecting block, extending from the connecting block to the medial side of the tibial tuberosity to form the tibial tuberosity attachment.

[0024] To achieve the above and other related objectives, a fourth aspect of this application provides a method for preparing a tibial osteotomy guide plate, the method comprising: constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model obtained by the method for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model according to the present invention, and preparing the tibial osteotomy guide plate.

[0025] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the fifth aspect of this application provides a tibial osteotomy guide plate, which is constructed by the method for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model described in this invention, or prepared by the method for preparing a tibial osteotomy guide plate described in this invention.

[0026] To achieve the above and other related objectives, a sixth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model as described in this invention.

[0027] To achieve the above and other related objectives, a seventh aspect of this application provides an apparatus comprising: a processor and a memory, the memory for storing a computer program, and the processor for executing the computer program stored in the memory to cause the apparatus to perform the steps of the method for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate as described in this invention.

[0028] As described above, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] This application provides a tibial osteotomy guide plate, a model construction method, an apparatus, a terminal, and a medium. The tibial osteotomy guide plate allows for precise osteotomy of the proximal tibia based on a pre-planned osteotomy groove. Here, depending on the degree of dissection performed by the surgeon during the operation, a second retention component can be used within the tibial osteotomy guide plate, and the amount of osteotomy can be adjusted within the range of 1.5 to 2.5 mm using this second retention component. Furthermore, this invention allows for the measurement of the patient's posterior tilt angle preoperatively; and intraoperative verification of the patient's force line is achieved by inserting a force line rod into a force line guide rod. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 The image shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first angle of an embodiment of the tibial osteotomy guide plate of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 The image shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a second angle of an embodiment of the tibial osteotomy guide plate of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 The image shown is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a third angle of an embodiment of the tibial osteotomy guide plate of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 The diagram shows a structural schematic of one angle of the split structure of an embodiment of the tibial osteotomy guide plate of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing another angle of the split structure of an embodiment of the tibial osteotomy guide plate of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6The image shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a fourth angle of an embodiment of the tibial osteotomy guide plate of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 The image shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a fifth angle of an embodiment of the tibial osteotomy guide plate of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 8 The image shown is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a sixth angle of an embodiment of the tibial osteotomy guide plate of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the first angle of a usage state of an embodiment of the tibial osteotomy guide plate of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram showing a second angle of use of an embodiment of the tibial osteotomy guide plate of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 11 This is a structural schematic diagram showing the tibial osteotomy guide plate of the present invention in use from a third angle.

[0041] Figure 12 This is a structural schematic diagram showing the fourth angle of a usage state of an embodiment of the tibial osteotomy guide plate of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 13 This is a structural schematic diagram showing the fifth angle of a usage state of an embodiment of the tibial osteotomy guide plate of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 14 The diagram shows a flowchart of the method for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model according to the present invention.

[0044] Figure 15 The image shown is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional model of the tibia and foot in the sagittal plane of this invention.

[0045] Figure 16 The image shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the three-dimensional model of the tibia and foot on the coronal plane of this invention.

[0046] Figure 17 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the tibia and tibia osteotomy guide plate model in the sagittal plane of this invention.

[0047] Figure 18 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the tibia and tibia osteotomy guide plate model in the coronal plane of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 19 The diagram shows the construction process of the osteotomy guide of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 20 The diagram shows the structural schematics of the lateral tibial condyle positioning attachment and the medial tibial condyle positioning attachment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 21 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the tibial tuberosity attachment portion of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 22 The diagram shows the coronal, sagittal, and horizontal planes.

[0052] Figure 23 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the tibial osteotomy guide plate model terminal in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 24 The diagram shown is a schematic of a device for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model according to an embodiment of this application.

[0054] Component designation explanation

[0055] 1 osteotomy guide 11 osteotomy groove 12 Insert rod 2 Positioning components 21 Tibial lateral condyle positioning attachment 211 Tibial lateral condyle positioning attachment surface 212 Lateral condyle auxiliary fixation 22 Tibial medial condyle positioning attachment 221 Tibial medial condyle positioning attachment surface 222 Medial condyle auxiliary fixation 23 Connection components 231 First connector 232 Second connector 233 Slotted parts 3 Connecting block 4 First retaining component 41 First retention hole 42 Second retention hole 5 Second retention assembly 51 Third retention hole 52 Fourth retention hole 6 Third retaining component 61 Fifth retention hole 7 Tibial tuberosity attachment 71 Tibial tuberosity attachment surface 8 Force line guide rod 100 Tibia 101 proximal tibia 1011 Tibial plateau 10111 Medial condyle of the tibia 10112 Lateral condyle of the tibia 1012 Tibial tuberosity 1013 coarse osteotomy surface 1014 Proximal tibial osteotomy plane 102 Tibial shaft 103 distal tibia 104 Tibial mechanical axis 200 feet 201 ankle joint 300 Force line pole Detailed Implementation

[0056] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0057] It should be noted that in the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of this application. It should be understood that other embodiments may also be used, and changes in mechanical composition, structure, electrical system, and operation may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. The following detailed description should not be considered limiting, and the scope of the embodiments of this application is defined only by the claims of the published patent. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. Spatially related terms, such as “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” “below,” “below,” “lower part,” “above,” “upper part,” etc., may be used herein to illustrate the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figures and another element or feature.

[0058] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," and "holding" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] Furthermore, as used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context indicates otherwise. It should be further understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” indicate the presence of the stated feature, operation, element, component, item, kind, and / or group, but do not preclude the presence, occurrence, or addition of one or more other features, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and / or groups. The terms “or” and “and / or” as used herein are interpreted as inclusive, or mean any one or any combination thereof. Thus, “solution, B or C solution” or “A, B and / or C” means “any one of: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B and C.” Exceptions to this definition occur only when the combination of elements, functions, or operations is inherently mutually exclusive in some way.

[0060] To address the problems described in the background section, this invention provides a tibial osteotomy guide plate, a method for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model, and an apparatus. Furthermore, to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0061] The tibial osteotomy guide plate of the present invention is used for osteotomy of the proximal 101 of the tibia. For example... Figure 13 The tibia 100 includes the proximal tibia 101, the tibial shaft 102, and the distal tibia 103. For example... Figure 10 The proximal tibia 101 includes the medial side of the tibial plateau 1011 and the tibial tuberosity 1012. The proximal tibia 101 refers to the side of the tibial plateau 1011 that forms the knee joint. Figure 13 The distal end of the tibia 103 is the side that forms the ankle joint 201.

[0062] like Figures 1-13 In the tibial osteotomy guide plate provided in the embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 It includes an osteotomy guide 1, which includes an osteotomy groove 11, and a positioning component 2, such as... Figure 4 and 5 The positioning component 2 is detachably connected to the osteotomy guide 1; a connecting block 3 is provided at the bottom of the osteotomy guide 1; a first retention component 4 and a second retention component 5 are provided on the connecting block 3; the first retention component 4 is located between the osteotomy guide 1 and the second retention component 5; the extending directions of the first retention component 4 and the second retention component 5 are parallel to the extending direction of the osteotomy groove 11; the connecting block 3 is also provided with a force line guide rod 8 and a third retention component 6, such as... Figure 6The angle between the extending direction of the force line guide rod 8 and the plane containing the osteotomy groove 11 is acute. The extending direction of the third retention component 6 is angled to the extending direction of the first retention component 4. The extending directions of the first retention component 4, the second retention component 5, and the third retention component 6 are all their respective axial extending directions. The extending direction of the force line guide rod 8 also refers to its axial extending direction. Figure 8 and Figure 10 It also includes a tibial tuberosity attachment portion 7; the tibial tuberosity attachment portion 7 is connected to the connecting block 3. This application can determine the position of the guide plate on the proximal tibia through the cooperation of the positioning component 2 and the tibial tuberosity attachment portion 7. Then, the osteotomy tool performs the first osteotomy on the proximal tibia 101 through the osteotomy groove 11. The osteotomy tool extends from one end of the osteotomy groove 11 to the other end, and its extension path is the extension direction of the osteotomy groove 11. Normally, the doctor will check the degree of osteotomy based on the actual situation and, if necessary, perform a second osteotomy. At this time, the positioning component 2 can be removed from the osteotomy guide portion 1, and then the osteotomy guide portion 1 can be moved down so that the first retention component 4 fixes the guide plate according to the position of the Kirschner wire previously inserted by the second retention component 5. Then, the guide plate is further fixed from another angle by the third retention component 6, and then the second osteotomy is performed.

[0063] In the tibial osteotomy guide plate provided in the embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 15 The proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014 is designed based on preoperative planning, and the osteotomy guide 1 is obtained based on the proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014. The osteotomy groove 11 has a height of approximately 1.5~2.5mm and a length of approximately 45~55mm. The osteotomy tool can be extended into the proximal tibial bone 101 through the osteotomy groove 11 to perform osteotomy on the preoperatively planned proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014.

[0064] In the tibial osteotomy guide plate provided in the embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 The positioning component 2 includes a lateral tibial condyle positioning attachment 21, a medial tibial condyle positioning attachment 22, and a connecting component 23; the lateral tibial condyle positioning attachment 21 and the medial tibial condyle positioning attachment 22 are respectively connected to the connecting component 23. The connecting component 23 is detachably connected to the osteotomy guide 1. In a specific embodiment, such as... Figure 5 A detachable connection can be achieved, for example, by providing a insertion rod 12 on the osteotomy guide 1, and a slot 233 on the connecting assembly 23 that mates with the insertion rod 12. The insertion rod 12 can be triangular or circular in shape, for example. In a specific embodiment, the connecting assembly 23 can be V-shaped, for example. Figure 4The connecting component 23 includes a first connector 231 and a second connector 232. The end of the first connector 231 away from the osteotomy guide 1 is connected to the lateral tibial condyle positioning attachment 21; the end of the second connector 232 away from the osteotomy guide 1 is connected to the medial tibial condyle positioning attachment 22. In a specific embodiment, the lateral tibial condyle positioning attachment 21 and the medial tibial condyle positioning attachment 22 are fixedly connected to the connecting component 23.

[0065] like Figure 10 In this application, the tibial plateau 1011 is first positioned using the lateral tibial condyle positioning attachment 21 and the medial tibial condyle positioning attachment 22. The tibial tuberosity attachment 7 then adheres to the medial side of the tibial tuberosity 1012, ensuring the guide plate's position is uniquely fixed. Specifically, the medial side of the tibial tuberosity 1012 is defined as the side furthest from the fibula, with the midline of the tibial tuberosity as the baseline, while the side closer to the fibula is defined as the lateral side. For example... Figure 11 The Kirschner wire is then inserted into the second retention component 5 and then into the third retention component 6 for retention.

[0066] In the tibial osteotomy guide plate provided in the embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 The first retention component 4 includes a first retention hole 41 and a second retention hole 42; the second retention component 5 includes a third retention hole 51 and a fourth retention hole 52; the line connecting the midlines of the first retention hole 41 and the second retention hole 42 is parallel to the line connecting the midlines of the third retention hole 51 and the fourth retention hole 52. Thus, the line connecting the first retention hole 41 and the second retention hole 42 and the line connecting the third retention hole 51 and the fourth retention hole 52 form a certain distance, for example, 1.5mm to 2.5mm, allowing for adjustment of the osteotomy thickness.

[0067] In the tibial osteotomy guide plate provided in the embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 6 The first retention component 4 and the second retention component 5 extend in directions parallel to the extension direction of the osteotomy groove 11, and the third retention component 6 extends at an angle to the extension direction of the first retention component 4. The third retention component 6 has a certain angle with the first retention component 4 or the second retention component 5. In use, the guide plate can be fixed from another angle using the third retention component 6, making the guide plate more securely fixed. In one embodiment, the angle between the extension direction of the third retention component 6 and the extension direction of the first retention component 4 can be 10°~60°, 10°~30°, or 30°~60°, etc. In a specific embodiment, the third retention component 6 includes one or more fifth retention holes 61. In a specific embodiment, the third retention component 6 includes fifth retention holes 61. In one embodiment, such as... Figure 6The angle β between the extension direction of the fifth retaining hole 61 and the extension direction of the third retaining hole 51 can be 10°~60°, 10°~30°, or 30°~60°, etc.

[0068] In the tibial osteotomy guide plate provided in this embodiment of the invention, the diameters of the first retention hole 41, the second retention hole 42, the third retention hole 51, the fourth retention hole 52, and the fifth retention hole 61 are all 2.0 mm to 4.0 mm. The diameters of these holes can be appropriately adjusted when used with different Kirschner wires.

[0069] In the tibial osteotomy guide plate provided in this embodiment of the invention, the angle between the extending direction of the force line guide rod 8 and the plane containing the osteotomy groove 11 is an acute angle. In a specific embodiment, such as... Figure 6 and 10 The angle α between the extending direction of the force line guide rod 8 and the plane containing the osteotomy groove 11 is 83°~87°. Normally, such as... Figure 17 The force line guide rod 8 extends parallel to the tibial mechanical axis 104, which is the line connecting the highest point of the tibial plateau 1011 and the midpoint of the ankle joint 201. For example... Figure 15 Therefore, the coarse osteotomy surface 1013 is first determined at a distance of 9mm to 10mm from the highest point of the tibial plateau 1011 towards the tibial shaft 102. Then, considering that the coarse osteotomy surface 1013, obtained according to the doctor's experience, needs to be tilted backward (towards the foot) by 3° to 7° (the specific angle depends on the patient's data), the proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014 is obtained. The osteotomy groove 11 is obtained based on the proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014, so the angle between the extension direction of the force line guide rod 8 and the plane where the osteotomy groove 11 is located is 83° to 87°. In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 The force line guide rod 8 is used to insert the force line rod 300. The bore diameter of the force line guide rod 8 can be, for example, 5.0mm~8.0mm, 5.0mm~7.0mm, 7.0mm~8.0mm, etc. The force line guide rod facilitates the insertion of the force line rod and helps the surgeon confirm the correctness of the force line during surgery. For example, if the projection of the force line rod on the coronal plane passes through the center of the tibial plateau, there is no problem. If it does not pass through the center of the tibial plateau, it indicates that the designed guide plate osteotomy is problematic and needs adjustment.

[0070] In the tibial osteotomy guide plate provided in the embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 8The lateral tibial condyle positioning attachment 21 includes a lateral tibial condyle positioning attachment surface 211 for attaching to the lateral tibial condyle; and the medial tibial condyle positioning attachment 22 includes a medial tibial condyle positioning attachment surface 221 for attaching to the medial tibial condyle. The tibial tuberosity attachment 7 includes a tibial tuberosity attachment surface 71 for attaching to the medial side of the tibial tuberosity. Because there are ligaments on the lateral side of the tibial tuberosity, the attachment surface can only be attached to the medial side of the tibial tuberosity. The design of the lateral tibial condyle positioning attachment surface 211, the medial tibial condyle positioning attachment surface 221, and the tibial tuberosity attachment surface 71 facilitates precise positioning by the surgeon during operation. In one embodiment, the attachment area of ​​the lateral tibial condyle positioning attachment surface 211 is 120 mm². 2 ~400 mm 2 120 mm 2 ~240 mm 2 240 mm 2 ~300 mm 2 or 300 mm 2 ~400 mm 2 The attachment area of ​​the medial tibial condyle positioning attachment surface 221 is 120 mm. 2 ~400 mm 2 120 mm 2 ~240 mm 2 240 mm 2 ~300 mm 2 or 300 mm 2 ~400 mm 2 The adhesion area of ​​the tibial tuberosity attachment surface 71 is 40 mm. 2 ~300mm 2 40 mm 2 ~100mm 2 100 mm 2 ~200mm 2 or 200 mm 2 ~300mm 2 Etc. If the attachment area is too small, it will be difficult to position the tissue; if the attachment area is too large, the surgeon will need to dissect too much soft tissue during the procedure, which may cause interference.

[0071] In the tibial osteotomy guide plate provided in the embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 8 For auxiliary fixation after the lateral tibial condyle positioning attachment 21 and the medial tibial condyle positioning attachment 22 are positioned, such as Figure 10When designing the lateral tibial condyle positioning and attachment portion 21, an auxiliary fixation portion 212 can be designed near the edge of the lateral condyle. This auxiliary fixation portion 212 hooks onto the edge of the lateral tibial condyle, assisting in the fixation of the lateral tibial condyle positioning and attachment portion 21. Similarly, when designing the medial tibial condyle positioning and attachment portion 22, an auxiliary fixation portion 222 can be designed near the edge of the medial condyle. This auxiliary fixation portion 222 hooks onto the edge of the medial tibial condyle, assisting in the fixation of the medial tibial condyle positioning and attachment portion 22.

[0072] The tibial osteotomy guide plate provided in this embodiment of the invention operates as follows:

[0073] like Figures 1-13 Based on the preoperatively planned osteotomy guide 1, the tibial osteotomy guide plate is constructed. The lateral tibial condyle positioning attachment 21 and the medial tibial condyle positioning attachment 22 on the positioning component 2 are attached to the lateral and medial tibial condyles, respectively. The tibial tuberosity attachment 7 is attached to the medial side of the tibial tuberosity 1012. The slot 233 of the connecting component 23 on the positioning component 2 is connected to the insertion rod 12 on the osteotomy guide 1. After the position of the tibial osteotomy guide plate is determined, Kirschner wires are inserted into the third retention hole 51, the fourth retention hole 52, and the fifth retention hole 61, respectively, so that the tibial osteotomy guide plate is fixed to the proximal tibial end 101. Then, the first osteotomy is performed through the osteotomy groove 11 using osteotomy tools. When adjustments to the amount of osteotomy are needed after the initial osteotomy, move the slot 233 to separate it from the insert 12. Move the osteotomy guide 1 downwards so that the first retention hole 41 aligns with the hole left by the Kirschner wire in the third retention hole 51 after the first osteotomy, and the second retention hole 42 aligns with the hole left by the Kirschner wire in the fourth retention hole 52 after the first osteotomy. Secure the first retention hole 41, the second retention hole 42, and the fifth retention hole 61 again with Kirschner wires. Then, use the osteotomy tool to perform the second osteotomy through the osteotomy groove 11.

[0074] The tibial osteotomy guide plate of the present invention can be constructed by the following method.

[0075] like Figure 14 This document illustrates a flowchart of a method for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model according to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention. The method for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model in this embodiment mainly includes:

[0076] S1 provides 3D models of the tibia and foot, such as Figure 15 , 16 Determine the tibial plateau 1011, tibial mechanical axis 104, tibial tuberosity 1012, and foot 200, as follows. Figure 20 The tibial plateau 1011 includes the medial tibial condyle 10111 and the lateral tibial condyle 10112; as Figure 15A coarse osteotomy surface 1013 perpendicular to the tibial mechanical axis 104 is formed by extending a certain distance from the tibial platform 1011 toward the foot 200; a proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014 is constructed based on the coarse osteotomy surface 1013; the angle between the proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014 and the coarse osteotomy surface 1013 is 3°~7°.

[0077] S2 as Figure 19 In the proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014, a center point a of the osteotomy guide portion is determined. A first guide surface b is formed by extending outwards from center point a. A second guide surface c is formed outwards from center point a, with the length of the second guide surface c greater than that of the first guide surface b, and the width of the second guide surface c less than or equal to that of the first guide surface b. Using the first guide surface b as a reference, a first guide portion d is formed by extending perpendicularly to the first guide surface b towards its front and back sides. Using the second guide surface c as a reference, a second guide portion e is formed by extending perpendicularly to the second guide surface c towards its front and back sides, avoiding the first guide portion d during the extension process. The first guide portion d is subtracted from the second guide portion e by Boolean subtraction to obtain the osteotomy guide portion 1. The subtracted portion of the first guide portion d forms the osteotomy groove 11.

[0078] S3 as Figure 4 and 5 A positioning component 2 is constructed based on the tibial platform 1011; the positioning component 2 is detachable from the osteotomy guide 1;

[0079] S4 as Figure 5 A connecting block 3 is constructed at the bottom of the osteotomy guide portion 1;

[0080] S5 constructs a parallel first retaining component 4 and a second retaining component 5 on the connecting block 3; during construction, as follows: Figure 1 On the coronal plane, the distance between the first retention component 4 and the osteotomy guide 1 is greater than the distance between the second retention component and the osteotomy guide 1; for example Figure 2 In the sagittal plane, the extension directions of the first fixation component 4 and the second fixation component 5 are both parallel to the extension direction of the osteotomy groove 11.

[0081] S6 as Figure 5 and 6 A third retaining component 6 is constructed on the connecting block 3 at an angle to the extending direction of the first retaining component 4;

[0082] S7 Figure 17 A force line guide rod 8 parallel to the extension direction of the tibial mechanical axis 104 is constructed on the connecting block 3;

[0083] S8 Figure 21A tibial tuberosity attachment portion 7 is constructed on the connecting block 3, extending from the connecting block 3 to the inner side of the tibial tuberosity 1012 to form the tibial tuberosity attachment portion 7.

[0084] The method for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model provided in this embodiment of the invention may include step S1 as follows: providing a three-dimensional model of the tibia and foot, for example, reconstructing the tibia and foot 200° based on CT data. Specifically, this can usually be obtained by importing CT data into software, such as Simpler, Mimics, Proplan, etc. Figure 15 and Figure 16 The three-dimensional model of the tibia and foot includes at least a tibia 100 and a foot 200. The tibia 100 includes a proximal tibia 101, a tibial shaft 102, and a distal tibia 103. The proximal tibia 101 includes a tibial plateau 1011, as shown below. Figure 20 The tibial plateau 1011 includes the medial tibial condyle 10111 and the lateral tibial condyle 10112. For example... Figure 15 and Figure 16 The highest points of the medial and lateral tibial plateaus and the midpoint of the ankle joint are marked. The line connecting the highest point of the tibial plateau 1011 and the midpoint of the ankle joint 200 forms the tibial mechanical axis 104. The marking method and terminology used are known to those skilled in the art.

[0085] like Figure 15 and Figure 16 A coarse osteotomy surface 1013, perpendicular to the tibial mechanical axis 104, is formed by extending a certain distance (e.g., 9mm~10mm) from the tibial plateau 1011 toward the foot 200. A proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014 is then constructed based on the coarse osteotomy surface 1013. The proximal tibial osteotomy plane can, for example, be an infinitely extending plane. Figure 15 The angle between the proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014 and the coarse osteotomy plane 1013 is 3° to 7°. Specifically, it is obtained by rotating the coarse osteotomy plane 1013 3° to 7° towards the heel.

[0086] The method for constructing the tibial osteotomy guide plate model provided in this embodiment of the invention may include step S2: constructing the osteotomy guide portion 1. In a specific embodiment, the osteotomy guide portion 1 is constructed based on the proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014. In a specific embodiment, as shown... Figure 19A center point 'a' of the osteotomy guide portion is determined on the proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014. The proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014 is an infinitely extending surface. The center point of the osteotomy guide portion is located outside the tibial tuberosity, for example, at a distance of 30mm to 35mm from the tibial tuberosity. A first guide surface 'b' is formed by extending a certain distance outward from the center point 'a' in all directions. Specifically, for example, it can be extended by equal distances (e.g., 15mm to 25mm) in the +x and -x axis directions, and by equal distances (e.g., 15mm to 25mm) in the +y and -y axis directions. A second guide surface 'c' is formed by extending a certain distance outward from the center point 'a' in all directions. Specifically, for example, it can be extended by equal distances (e.g., 10mm to 15mm) in the +x and -x axis directions, and by equal distances (e.g., 20mm to 40mm) in the +y and -y axis directions. The second guide surface c is longer than the first guide surface b (x-axis direction), and its width is smaller than that of the first guide surface b (y-axis direction). Further, using the first guide surface b as a reference, a first guide portion d is formed by extending a certain distance perpendicular to the first guide surface b towards its front and back sides, preferably with equal extension distances, for example, 1-1.5 mm each. Using the second guide surface c as a reference, a second guide portion e is formed by extending a certain distance perpendicular to the second guide surface c towards its front and back sides, for example, 2-5 mm, avoiding the first guide portion d during the extension process. Subtracting the first guide portion d from the second guide portion e yields the final osteotomy guide portion 1. The portion subtracted from the first guide portion d is the osteotomy groove 11, and the height of the formed osteotomy groove 11 is 2-3 mm.

[0087] The method for constructing the tibial osteotomy guide plate model provided in this embodiment of the invention includes step S3, which may include constructing a positioning component 2 based on the tibial platform 1011. The positioning component 2 is detachable from the osteotomy guide portion 1. The constructed positioning component 2 includes a medial tibial condyle positioning attachment portion 22, a lateral tibial condyle positioning attachment portion 21, and a connecting component 23. The construction process is described in detail below:

[0088] S31 Constructs a lateral tibial condyle positioning and attachment point 21 based on the lateral tibial condyle 10112. (For example...) Figure 20 Specifically, a tibial lateral condyle positioning and attachment surface 211 is first constructed based on the tibial lateral condyle 10112. The tibial lateral condyle positioning and attachment surface 211 is preferably constructed by extending from the edge of the tibial lateral condyle 10112 towards its center. For example, an attachment area of ​​120 mm can be constructed. 2 ~400 mm 2The tibial lateral condyle positioning attachment surface 211. During construction, to facilitate auxiliary fixation of the tibial lateral condyle 10112 in practical applications, the tibial lateral condyle positioning attachment surface 211 includes a lateral condyle auxiliary fixation surface. Furthermore, the tibial lateral condyle positioning attachment surface 211 is extended with a certain thickness in a direction away from the surface of the tibial lateral condyle 10112 to form a tibial lateral condyle positioning attachment portion 21, the extension thickness of which can be, for example, 1~5 mm. The lateral condyle auxiliary fixation portion 212 is formed by the corresponding extension of the lateral condyle auxiliary fixation surface.

[0089] S32 Constructs a medial tibial condyle positioning and attachment point 22 based on the medial tibial condyle 10111. (For example...) Figure 20 Specifically, a medial tibial condyle positioning and attachment surface 221 is first constructed based on the medial tibial condyle 10111. The medial tibial condyle positioning and attachment surface 221 is preferably constructed by extending from the edge of the medial tibial condyle 10111 towards its center. For example, an attachment area of ​​120 mm can be constructed. 2 ~400 mm 2 The tibial medial condyle positioning attachment surface 221. During construction, to facilitate auxiliary fixation of the tibial medial condyle 10111 in practical applications, the tibial medial condyle positioning attachment surface 221 includes a medial condyle auxiliary fixation surface. Furthermore, the tibial medial condyle positioning attachment surface 221 is extended with a certain thickness in a direction away from the surface of the tibial medial condyle 10111 to form a tibial medial condyle positioning attachment portion 22. The extended thickness can be, for example, 1~5 mm. The medial condyle auxiliary fixation portion 222 is formed by the corresponding extension of the medial condyle auxiliary fixation surface.

[0090] S33. A connecting component 23 is constructed on the osteotomy guide 1. The constructed connecting component 23 is detachable from the osteotomy guide 1. The specific construction process is as follows:

[0091] S311: Construct slot part 233. For example... Figure 4 and 5 First, a insertion rod 12 is formed by extending a certain distance (e.g., 1-10 mm) from the top outer surface of the osteotomy guide 1 away from the osteotomy groove 11. The inserted rod 12 can be triangular, circular, or similar in shape. A slot body is constructed based on the outer periphery of the insertion rod 12. The size of the hole in the slot body is equal to or slightly smaller than the size of the insertion rod 12, and the length of the slot body is equal to or slightly larger than the length of the insertion rod. A slot body 233 with a certain wall thickness is formed by extending a certain distance (e.g., 1-3 mm) from the outer periphery of the slot body. For example, the slot body 233 can be a cylinder.

[0092] S312: Construct the first connector 231 and the second connector 232 based on the slot member 233. Specifically, as follows... Figure 4The upper surface of the slot member 233 extends toward the lateral tibial condyle positioning attachment portion 21 and the medial tibial condyle positioning attachment portion 22, respectively, forming a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface. Then, a first connecting member 231 and a second connecting member 232 with a certain thickness are formed based on the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface, respectively. The combination of the first connecting member 231, the second connecting member 232, and the slot member 233 constitutes the connecting assembly 23.

[0093] The method for constructing the tibial osteotomy guide plate model provided in this embodiment of the invention, in step S4, as follows: Figure 5 A connecting block 3 is constructed at the bottom of the osteotomy guide 1. In a specific embodiment, the connecting block 3 is perpendicular to the plane containing the bottom of the osteotomy guide 1. The connecting block 3 needs to have a certain thickness to provide support. The thickness of the connecting block 3 can be, for example, 2~15mm. The connecting block 3 also needs to have a certain length and width to provide space for the subsequent construction of various fixation holes. The width of the connecting block 3 can be, for example, 10~20mm. The length can be 10~40mm.

[0094] The method for constructing the tibial osteotomy guide plate model provided in this embodiment of the invention may include step S5 as follows: constructing a parallel first fixation component 4 and a second fixation component 5 on the connecting block 3. During construction, as follows... Figure 1 On the coronal plane, the distance between the first retention component 4 and the osteotomy guide 1 is greater than the distance between the second retention component and the osteotomy guide 1; for example Figure 2 In the sagittal plane, the extending directions of the first retention component 4 and the second retention component 5 are both parallel to the extending direction of the osteotomy groove 11. The specific construction process is as follows:

[0095] The constructed first retaining component 4 includes a first retaining hole 41 and a second retaining hole 42, and the constructed second retaining component 5 includes a third retaining hole 51 and a fourth retaining hole 52; the line connecting the centerlines of the first retaining hole 41 and the second retaining hole 42 is parallel to the line connecting the centerlines of the third retaining hole 51 and the fourth retaining hole 52. Specifically, during construction, the distance between the line connecting the centerlines of the first retaining hole 41 and the second retaining hole 42 and the line connecting the centerlines of the third retaining hole 51 and the fourth retaining hole 52 can be, for example, 1.5mm to 2.5mm. This facilitates first selecting the third retaining hole 51 and the fourth retaining hole 52 to cooperate with the third retaining component 6 to fix the guide plate. When adjustment is needed, the positioning component 2 is removed, and then the first retaining hole 41 and the second retaining hole 42 are used in conjunction with the third retaining component 6 to fix the guide plate according to the previously inserted Kirschner wire positions. To facilitate the insertion of Kirschner wires, the channels of the first retention hole 41, the second retention hole 42, the third retention hole 51, and the fourth retention hole 52 typically need to have a certain length to allow for easy insertion. The length of each channel can be, for example, 3~15mm. The diameter of the constructed first retention hole 41, the second retention hole 42, the third retention hole 51, and the fourth retention hole 52 can be, for example, 2.0mm~4.0mm. The diameters of the first retention hole 41, the second retention hole 42, the third retention hole 51, and the fourth retention hole 52 can be adjusted appropriately when used with different Kirschner wires. In summary, the constructed first retention hole 41 and the second retention hole 42 constitute the first retention assembly 4. The constructed third retention hole 51 and the fourth retention hole 52 constitute the second retention assembly 5. In the coronal plane, the distance between the first retention component 4 and the osteotomy guide 1 is greater than the distance between the second retention component and the osteotomy guide 1, which facilitates subsequent selection of the first retention component 4 for fixation and re-osteotomy based on whether the amount of osteotomy is sufficient. In the sagittal plane, the extending directions of the first retention component 4 and the second retention component 5 are both parallel to the extending direction of the osteotomy groove 11.

[0096] The method for constructing the tibial osteotomy guide plate model provided in this embodiment of the invention may include, in step S6: Figure 5 and 6A third retaining component 6 is constructed on the connecting block 3 at an angle to the extending direction of the first retaining component 4. In use, the guide plate can be fixed from another angle via the third retaining component 6, making the guide plate more securely fixed. For example, during construction, the angle between the extending direction of the third retaining component 6 and the extending direction of the first retaining component 4 is 10° to 60°. Specifically, as an example, the constructed third retaining component 6 includes one or more fifth retaining holes 61. To facilitate the insertion of Kirschner wires, the channel of the fifth retaining hole 61 typically needs to meet a certain length to facilitate the insertion of Kirschner wires. The length of the channel can be, for example, 3 to 15 mm. The diameter of the constructed fifth retaining hole 61 can be, for example, 2.0 mm to 4.0 mm. The diameter of the fifth retaining hole 61 can be adjusted appropriately when accommodating different Kirschner wires. When the extension direction of the fifth retention hole 61 is constructed, it is at a certain angle to the extension direction of the first retention hole 41. For example, the angle between the extension direction of the fifth retention hole 61 and the extension direction of the first retention hole 41 is 10° to 60°.

[0097] The method for constructing the tibial osteotomy guide plate model provided in this embodiment of the invention, step S7 may include: constructing a force line guide rod 8 on the connecting block 3. During construction, as follows... Figure 17 In the sagittal plane, the extension direction of the force line guide rod 8 is parallel to the extension direction of the tibial mechanical axis 104. For example... Figure 18 On the coronal plane, the extension direction of the force line guide rod 8 coincides with the extension direction of the tibial mechanical axis 104. For example... Figure 10 The angle α between the extension direction of the force line guide rod 8 and the plane containing the osteotomy groove 11 is 83°~87°. During construction, the force line guide rod 8 has a certain length to facilitate the insertion of the force line rod 300; the length can be, for example, 20~50mm. The force line guide rod 8 has a certain aperture, for example, 5.0mm-8.0mm, 5.0mm~7.0mm, 7.0mm~8.0mm, etc. The purpose of constructing the force line guide rod 8 is to facilitate the insertion of the force line rod 300, which can assist the doctor in confirming the correctness of the force line during surgery. For example, if the projection of the force line rod 300 on the coronal plane passes through the center of the tibial plateau 1011, there is no problem; if it does not pass through the center of the tibial plateau 1011, it indicates that the designed guide plate osteotomy is problematic and needs adjustment.

[0098] The method for constructing the tibial osteotomy guide plate model provided in this embodiment of the invention may include step S8 as follows: constructing the tibial tuberosity attachment portion 7. The tibial tuberosity attachment portion 7 is constructed on the connecting block 3, extending from the connecting block 3 to the inner side of the tibial tuberosity 1012 to form the tibial tuberosity attachment portion 7. For example... Figure 21A tibial tuberosity attachment portion 7 is formed by extending from the medial side of the tibial tuberosity 1012 toward the outer surface of the tibial tuberosity 1012. Specifically, a tibial tuberosity attachment surface 71 is first constructed based on the outer surface of the medial side of the tibial tuberosity 1012, for example, an attachment area of ​​40 mm can be constructed. 2 ~300mm 2 Tibial tuberosity attachment surface 71. During the construction process, a tibial tuberosity attachment portion 7 is formed by extending a certain thickness based on the tibial tuberosity attachment surface 71 in a direction away from the outer surface of the tibial tuberosity attachment surface 71. The thickness of the extension can be, for example, 1 to 5 mm.

[0099] The tibial osteotomy guide plate model method provided in this embodiment of the invention can be implemented on the terminal side or the server side. For the hardware structure of the tibial osteotomy guide plate model terminal, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of an optional hardware structure of a tibial osteotomy guide plate model terminal 500 provided in the third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention. The terminal 500 can be a mobile phone, computer device, tablet device, personal digital processing device, factory back-end processing device, etc. The tibial osteotomy guide plate model terminal 500 includes: at least one processor 501, a memory 502, at least one network interface 504, and a user interface 506. The various components in the device are coupled together through a bus system 505. It is understood that the bus system 505 is used to realize the connection and communication between these components. In addition to a data bus, the bus system 505 also includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. However, for clarity, in... Figure 23 The general will label all buses as bus systems.

[0100] The user interface 506 may include a monitor, keyboard, mouse, trackball, clicker, button, touchpad, or touch screen.

[0101] It is understood that memory 502 can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or both. Non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM) or programmable read-only memory (PROM), which serves as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM) and synchronous static random access memory (SSRAM). The memories described in the embodiments of this invention are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable categories of memory.

[0102] In this embodiment of the invention, the memory 502 is used to store various types of data to support the operation of the tibial osteotomy guide plate model terminal 500. Examples of this data include: any executable program for operation on the tibial osteotomy guide plate model terminal 500, such as the operating system 5021 and application program 5022; the operating system 5021 contains various system programs, such as the framework layer, core library layer, driver layer, etc., for implementing various basic services and handling hardware-based tasks. The application program 5022 may contain various applications, such as media players, browsers, etc., for implementing various application services. The tibial osteotomy guide plate model method provided in this embodiment of the invention can be included in the application program 5022.

[0103] The methods disclosed in the above embodiments of the present invention can be applied to processor 501, or implemented by processor 501. Processor 501 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by the integrated logic circuit of the hardware in processor 501 or by instructions in the form of software. The processor 501 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. Processor 501 can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. General-purpose processor 501 may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the accessory optimization method provided in the embodiments of the present invention can be directly reflected as being executed by a hardware decoding processor, or being executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module may be located in a storage medium, which is located in memory. The processor reads the information in the memory and combines it with its hardware to complete the steps of the aforementioned method.

[0104] In an exemplary embodiment, the tibial osteotomy guide plate model terminal 500 may be used by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), DSPs, programmable logic devices (PLDs), or complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs) to perform the aforementioned method.

[0105] like Figure 24 The diagram illustrates a structural schematic of a tibial osteotomy guide plate model construction apparatus 600 according to a fourth aspect of the present invention. The fourth aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model, comprising:

[0106] The 3D model acquisition unit 601 for the tibia and foot is used to determine the tibial plateau, tibial mechanical axis, tibial tuberosity, and foot. The tibial plateau includes the medial tibial condyle and the lateral tibial condyle. A coarse osteotomy surface perpendicular to the tibial mechanical axis is formed by extending a certain distance from the tibial plateau toward the foot. A proximal tibial osteotomy plane is constructed based on the coarse osteotomy surface. The angle between the proximal tibial osteotomy plane and the coarse osteotomy surface is 3° to 7°.

[0107] The osteotomy guide unit 602 defines a center point for the osteotomy guide on the proximal tibial osteotomy plane. A first guide surface is formed by extending outwards from the center point, and a second guide surface is formed outwards from the center point. The length of the second guide surface is greater than that of the first guide surface, and the width of the second guide surface is less than or equal to that of the first guide surface. Using the first guide surface as a reference, a certain distance is extended perpendicularly to the first guide surface towards its front and back sides to form the first guide portion. Using the second guide surface as a reference, a certain distance is extended perpendicularly to the second guide surface towards its front and back sides to form the second guide portion, avoiding the first guide portion during the extension process. The first guide portion is subtracted from the second guide portion using Boolean subtraction to obtain the osteotomy guide portion. The subtracted portion of the first guide portion forms the osteotomy groove.

[0108] The positioning component construction unit 603 is used to construct a positioning component based on the tibial platform; the positioning component is detachable from the osteotomy guide.

[0109] Connecting block building unit 604 is used to build a connecting block at the bottom of the osteotomy guide portion;

[0110] The first retention component and the second retention component building unit 605 is used to build parallel first retention components and second retention components on the connecting block.

[0111] The third retention component building unit 606 is used to build a third retention component on the connecting block at an angle to the extending direction of the first retention component;

[0112] Force line guide rod construction unit 607, on the connecting block, constructs a force line guide rod parallel to the extension direction of the tibial mechanical axis;

[0113] Tibial tuberosity attachment construction unit 608 is used to construct a tibial tuberosity attachment on the connecting block, extending from the connecting block to the medial side of the tibial tuberosity to form the tibial tuberosity attachment.

[0114] The tibial osteotomy guide model construction device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a three-dimensional model acquisition unit 601 for acquiring three-dimensional models of the tibia and foot. Specifically, the three-dimensional models of the tibia and foot can be reconstructed, for example, from CT data. Specifically, this can typically be obtained by importing CT data into software, such as Simple, Mimics, or Proplan. Figure 15 and Figure 16 The three-dimensional model of the tibia and foot includes at least a tibia 100 and a foot 200. The tibia 100 includes a proximal tibia 101, a tibial shaft 102, and a distal tibia 103. The proximal tibia 101 includes a tibial plateau 1011, as shown below. Figure 20 The tibial plateau 1011 includes the medial tibial condyle 10111 and the lateral tibial condyle 10112. For example... Figure 15 and Figure 16 The highest points of the medial and lateral tibial plateaus and the midpoint of the ankle joint are marked. The line connecting the highest point of the tibial plateau 1011 and the midpoint of the ankle joint 200 forms the tibial mechanical axis 104. The marking method and terminology used are known to those skilled in the art.

[0115] like Figure 15 and Figure 16 A coarse osteotomy surface 1013, perpendicular to the tibial mechanical axis 104, is formed by extending a certain distance (e.g., 9mm~10mm) from the tibial plateau 1011 toward the foot 200. A proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014 is constructed based on the coarse osteotomy surface 1013. (Example: ...) Figure 15 The angle between the proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014 and the coarse osteotomy plane 1013 is 3° to 7°. Specifically, it is obtained by rotating the coarse osteotomy plane 1013 3° to 7° towards the heel.

[0116] The tibial osteotomy guide plate model construction device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes an osteotomy guide construction unit 602. In a specific embodiment, the osteotomy guide 1 is constructed based on the proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014. In a specific embodiment, as shown... Figure 19A center point 'a' of the osteotomy guide portion is determined on the proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014. The proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014 is an infinitely extending surface. The center point of the osteotomy guide portion is located outside the tibial tuberosity, for example, at a distance of 30mm to 35mm from the tibial tuberosity. A first guide surface 'b' is formed by extending a certain distance outward from the center point 'a' in all directions. Specifically, for example, it can be extended by equal distances (e.g., 15mm to 25mm) in the +x and -x axis directions, and by equal distances (e.g., 15mm to 25mm) in the +y and -y axis directions. A second guide surface 'c' is formed by extending a certain distance outward from the center point 'a' in all directions. Specifically, for example, it can be extended by equal distances (e.g., 10mm to 15mm) in the +x and -x axis directions, and by equal distances (e.g., 20mm to 40mm) in the +y and -y axis directions. The second guide surface c is longer than the first guide surface b (x-axis direction), and its width is smaller than that of the first guide surface b (y-axis direction). Further, using the first guide surface b as a reference, a first guide portion d is formed by extending a certain distance perpendicular to the first guide surface b towards its front and back sides, preferably with equal extension distances, for example, 1-1.5 mm each. Using the second guide surface c as a reference, a second guide portion e is formed by extending a certain distance perpendicular to the second guide surface c towards its front and back sides, for example, 2-5 mm, avoiding the first guide portion d during the extension process. Subtracting the first guide portion d from the second guide portion e yields the final osteotomy guide portion 1. The portion subtracted from the first guide portion d is the osteotomy groove 11, and the height of the formed osteotomy groove 11 is 2-3 mm.

[0117] The tibial osteotomy guide plate model construction device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a positioning component construction unit 603, used to construct a positioning component based on the tibial platform. The positioning component 2 is detachable from the osteotomy guide portion 1. The constructed positioning component 2 includes a medial tibial condyle positioning attachment portion 22, a lateral tibial condyle positioning attachment portion 21, and a connecting component 23, specifically:

[0118] Lateral tibial condyle positioning and attachment unit: used to construct the lateral tibial condyle positioning and attachment unit 21 based on the lateral tibial condyle 10112. (Example) Figure 20 Specifically, a tibial lateral condyle positioning and attachment surface 211 is first constructed based on the tibial lateral condyle 10112. The tibial lateral condyle positioning and attachment surface 211 is preferably constructed by extending from the edge of the tibial lateral condyle 10112 towards its center. For example, an attachment area of ​​120 mm can be constructed. 2 ~400 mm 2The tibial lateral condyle positioning attachment surface 211. During construction, to facilitate auxiliary fixation of the tibial lateral condyle 10112 in practical applications, the tibial lateral condyle positioning attachment surface 211 includes a lateral condyle auxiliary fixation surface. Furthermore, the tibial lateral condyle positioning attachment surface 211 is extended with a certain thickness in a direction away from the surface of the tibial lateral condyle 10112 to form a tibial lateral condyle positioning attachment portion 21, the extension thickness of which can be, for example, 1~5 mm. The lateral condyle auxiliary fixation portion 212 is formed by the corresponding extension of the lateral condyle auxiliary fixation surface.

[0119] Tibial medial condyle positioning and attachment unit: used to construct the tibial medial condyle positioning and attachment unit 22 based on the tibial medial condyle 10111. (e.g.) Figure 20 Specifically, a medial tibial condyle positioning and attachment surface 221 is first constructed based on the medial tibial condyle 10111. The medial tibial condyle positioning and attachment surface 221 is preferably constructed by extending from the edge of the medial tibial condyle 10111 towards its center. For example, an attachment area of ​​120 mm can be constructed. 2 ~400 mm 2 The tibial medial condyle positioning attachment surface 221. During construction, to facilitate auxiliary fixation of the tibial medial condyle 10111 in practical applications, the tibial medial condyle positioning attachment surface 221 includes a medial condyle auxiliary fixation surface. Furthermore, the tibial medial condyle positioning attachment surface 221 is extended with a certain thickness in a direction away from the surface of the tibial medial condyle 10111 to form a tibial medial condyle positioning attachment portion 22. The extended thickness can be, for example, 1~5 mm. The medial condyle auxiliary fixation portion 222 is formed by the corresponding extension of the medial condyle auxiliary fixation surface.

[0120] Connecting component 23 building unit: used to build the connecting component 23 on the osteotomy guide 1. The built connecting component 23 is detachable from the osteotomy guide 1. Specifically:

[0121] Slot assembly building unit: used to construct slot assembly 233. (e.g.) Figure 4 and 5 First, a insertion rod 12 is formed by extending a certain distance (e.g., 1-10 mm) from the top outer surface of the osteotomy guide 1 away from the osteotomy groove 11. The inserted rod 12 can be triangular, circular, or similar in shape. A slot body is constructed based on the outer periphery of the insertion rod 12. The size of the hole in the slot body is equal to or slightly smaller than the size of the insertion rod 12, and the length of the slot body is equal to or slightly larger than the length of the insertion rod. A slot body 233 with a certain wall thickness is formed by extending a certain distance (e.g., 1-3 mm) from the outer periphery of the slot body. For example, the slot body 233 can be a cylinder.

[0122] First and second connector building units: used to construct the first connector 231 and the second connector 232 based on the slot member 233. Specifically, as follows... Figure 4The upper surface of the slot member 233 extends toward the lateral tibial condyle positioning attachment portion 21 and the medial tibial condyle positioning attachment portion 22, respectively, forming a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface. Then, a first connecting member 231 and a second connecting member 232 with a certain thickness are formed based on the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface, respectively. The combination of the first connecting member 231, the second connecting member 232, and the slot member 233 constitutes the connecting assembly 23.

[0123] The tibial osteotomy guide plate model construction device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a connecting block construction unit 604, which is used to construct a connecting block at the bottom of the osteotomy guide portion. Figure 5 In a specific embodiment, the connecting block 3 is perpendicular to the plane containing the bottom of the osteotomy guide 1. The connecting block 3 needs to have a certain thickness during construction to provide support. The thickness of the connecting block 3 can be, for example, 2~15mm. The connecting block 3 also needs to have a certain length and width to provide space for the subsequent construction of various fixation holes. The width of the connecting block 3 can be, for example, 10~20mm. The length can be 10~40mm.

[0124] The tibial osteotomy guide plate model construction device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a first fixation component and a second fixation component construction unit 605, used to construct the first fixation component and the second fixation component on the connecting block. In the coronal plane, the distance between the first fixation component and the osteotomy guide is greater than the distance between the second fixation component and the osteotomy guide; in the sagittal plane, the extending directions of both the first and second fixation components are parallel to the extending direction of the osteotomy groove. Specifically:

[0125] During construction, such as Figure 1 On the coronal plane, the distance between the first retention component 4 and the osteotomy guide 1 is greater than the distance between the second retention component and the osteotomy guide 1; for example Figure 2 In the sagittal plane, the extending directions of the first retention component 4 and the second retention component 5 are both parallel to the extending direction of the osteotomy groove 11. The specific construction process is as follows:

[0126] The first retaining component 4 used for construction includes a first retaining hole 41 and a second retaining hole 42, and the second retaining component 5 used for construction includes a third retaining hole 51 and a fourth retaining hole 52; the line connecting the centerlines of the first retaining hole 41 and the second retaining hole 42 is parallel to the line connecting the centerlines of the third retaining hole 51 and the fourth retaining hole 52. Specifically, the distance between the line connecting the centerlines of the first retaining hole 41 and the second retaining hole 42 and the line connecting the centerlines of the third retaining hole 51 and the fourth retaining hole 52 can be, for example, 1.5mm to 2.5mm. This facilitates first selecting the third retaining hole 51 and the fourth retaining hole 52 to cooperate with the third retaining component 6 to fix the guide plate. When adjustment is needed, the positioning component 2 can be removed, and then the first retaining hole 41 and the second retaining hole 42 can be used in conjunction with the third retaining component 6 to fix the guide plate according to the previously inserted Kirschner wire positions. To facilitate the insertion of Kirschner wires, the channels of the first retention hole 41, the second retention hole 42, the third retention hole 51, and the fourth retention hole 52 typically need to have a certain length to allow for easy insertion. The length of each channel can be, for example, 3~15mm. The diameter of the constructed first retention hole 41, the second retention hole 42, the third retention hole 51, and the fourth retention hole 52 can be, for example, 2.0mm~4.0mm. The diameters of the first retention hole 41, the second retention hole 42, the third retention hole 51, and the fourth retention hole 52 can be adjusted appropriately when used with different Kirschner wires. In summary, the constructed first retention hole 41 and the second retention hole 42 constitute the first retention assembly 4. The constructed third retention hole 51 and the fourth retention hole 52 constitute the second retention assembly 5. In the coronal plane, the distance between the first retention component 4 and the osteotomy guide 1 is greater than the distance between the second retention component and the osteotomy guide 1, which facilitates subsequent selection of the first retention component 4 for fixation and re-osteotomy based on whether the amount of osteotomy is sufficient. In the sagittal plane, the extending directions of the first retention component 4 and the second retention component 5 are both parallel to the extending direction of the osteotomy groove 11.

[0127] The tibial osteotomy guide plate model construction device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a third retention component construction unit 606, which is used to construct a third retention component 6 on the connecting block 3 at an angle to the extension direction of the first retention component 4. In use, the guide plate can be fixed from another angle using the third retention component 6, making the fixation more secure. For example, during construction, the angle between the extension direction of the third retention component 6 and the extension direction of the first retention component 4 is 10° to 60°. Specifically, as an example, the constructed third retention component 6 includes one or more fifth retention holes 61. To facilitate the insertion of Kirschner wires, the channel of the fifth retention hole 61 typically needs to meet a certain length to facilitate the insertion of Kirschner wires. The length of the channel can be, for example, 3 to 15 mm. The diameter of the constructed fifth retention hole 61 can be, for example, 2.0 mm to 4.0 mm. The diameter of the fifth retention hole 61 can be appropriately adjusted when using different Kirschner wires. When the extension direction of the fifth retention hole 61 is constructed, it is at a certain angle to the extension direction of the first retention hole 41. For example, the angle between the extension direction of the fifth retention hole 61 and the extension direction of the first retention hole 41 is 10° to 60°.

[0128] The tibial osteotomy guide plate model construction device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a force line guide rod construction unit 607, which is used to construct the force line guide rod 8 on the connecting block 3. During construction, as follows... Figure 17 In the sagittal plane, the extension direction of the force line guide rod 8 is parallel to the extension direction of the tibial mechanical axis 104. For example... Figure 18 On the coronal plane, the extension direction of the force line guide rod 8 coincides with the extension direction of the tibial mechanical axis 104. For example... Figure 10 The angle α between the extension direction of the force line guide rod 8 and the plane containing the osteotomy groove 11 is 83°~87°. During construction, the force line guide rod 8 has a certain length to facilitate the insertion of the force line rod 300; the length can be, for example, 20~50mm. The force line guide rod 8 has a certain aperture, for example, 5.0mm-8.0mm, 5.0mm~7.0mm, 7.0mm~8.0mm, etc. The purpose of constructing the force line guide rod 8 is to facilitate the insertion of the force line rod 300, which can assist the doctor in confirming the correctness of the force line during surgery. For example, if the projection of the force line rod 300 on the coronal plane passes through the center of the tibial plateau 1011, there is no problem; if it does not pass through the center of the tibial plateau 1011, it indicates that the designed guide plate osteotomy is problematic and needs adjustment.

[0129] The tibial osteotomy guide plate model construction device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a tibial tuberosity attachment construction unit 608, which is used to construct a tibial tuberosity attachment 7 on the connecting block 3, extending from the connecting block 3 to the inner side of the tibial tuberosity 1012 to form the tibial tuberosity attachment 7. Figure 21 A tibial tuberosity attachment portion 7 is formed by extending from the medial side of the tibial tuberosity 1012 toward the outer surface away from the tibial tuberosity 1012. Specifically, a tibial tuberosity attachment surface 71 is first constructed on the outer surface of the medial side of the tibial tuberosity 1012, for example, an attachment area of ​​40 mm can be constructed. 2 ~300mm 2 Tibial tuberosity attachment surface 71. A tibial tuberosity attachment portion 7 is formed by extending a certain thickness based on the tibial tuberosity attachment surface 71 in a direction away from the outer surface of the tibial tuberosity attachment surface 71. The thickness of the extension can be, for example, 1 to 5 mm.

[0130] It should be noted that the tibial osteotomy guide model construction device provided in the above embodiments is only illustrated by the division of the above-described program modules. In practical applications, the above processing can be assigned to different program modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different program modules to complete all or part of the processing described above. Furthermore, the tibial osteotomy guide model construction device and the tibial osteotomy guide model construction method embodiments provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and their specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0131] The fifth aspect of this invention provides a method for preparing a tibial osteotomy guide plate, the method comprising: constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model obtained by the method for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model provided in the first aspect of this invention, and preparing a tibial osteotomy guide plate assembly. The method for preparing the tibial osteotomy guide plate according to the model should be known to those skilled in the art; for example, 3D printing can be used. Generally, the guide plate can be 3D printed using biocompatible Surgical Guide resin, nylon materials, etc.

[0132] The sixth aspect of the present invention provides a tibial osteotomy guide plate, which is constructed by the method for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model provided in the first aspect of the present invention, or prepared by the method for preparing a tibial osteotomy guide plate provided in the second aspect of the present invention.

[0133] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above-described method embodiments can be implemented using computer program-related hardware. The aforementioned computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0134] In the embodiments provided in this application, the computer-readable and writable storage medium may include read-only memory, random access memory, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc storage devices, disk storage devices or other magnetic storage devices, flash memory, USB flash drive, portable hard drive, or any other medium capable of storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer. Additionally, any connection may be appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if instructions are transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. However, it should be understood that computer-readable and writable storage media and data storage media do not include connections, carrier waves, signals, or other transient media, but are intended for non-transient, tangible storage media. The disks and optical discs used in the application include compact optical discs (CDs), laser optical discs, optical discs, digital multifunction optical discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, where disks typically copy data magnetically, while optical discs use lasers to copy data optically.

[0135] In summary, this application provides a method, apparatus, terminal, and medium for using a tibial osteotomy guide plate. The tibial osteotomy guide plate allows for precise osteotomy of the proximal tibia based on a pre-planned osteotomy groove. Here, depending on the degree of dissection performed by the surgeon during the operation, a second retention component can be used within the tibial osteotomy guide plate, and the amount of osteotomy can be adjusted within the range of 1.5 to 2.5 mm using this second retention component. Furthermore, this invention allows for the measurement of the patient's posterior tilt angle preoperatively; and for verification of the patient's force line during the operation by inserting a force line guide rod.

[0136] Example 1

[0137] S1: First, import the patient's DICOM data into Simple 11.04 software for threshold segmentation and reconstruction, with a segmentation threshold of 200-2976. Then, import the STL data of the tibia and foot from the previous steps into Geomagic Studio 2013 software. Using the point selection function in Geomagic Studio 2013, mark the highest point of the tibial plateau and the midpoint of the ankle joint. Connect these two points to construct the required tibial mechanical axis, as shown below. Figure 15 and Figure 16 A coarse osteotomy surface 1013, perpendicular to the tibial mechanical axis 104, is formed by extending 9 mm 9 mm from the tibial plateau 1011 towards the foot. A proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014 is then constructed based on the coarse osteotomy surface 1013. (As shown...) Figure 15The angle between the proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014 and the coarse osteotomy plane 1013 is 3° to 7°. Specifically, it is obtained by rotating the coarse osteotomy plane 1013 3° to 7° towards the heel.

[0138] S2: As Figure 19 A center point a of the osteotomy guide portion is determined on the proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014. The proximal tibial osteotomy plane 1014 is an infinitely extending plane, and the center point of the osteotomy guide portion is located outside the tibial tuberosity side, at a distance of 35 mm from the tibial tuberosity. The center point a of the osteotomy guide portion is extracted, and then extended 25 mm in both the +x and -x axis directions, and an equal distance of 25 mm in both the +y and -y axis directions, to obtain the first guide surface b. The center point a of the osteotomy guide portion is then extended 15 mm in both the +x and -x axis directions, and 40 mm in both the +y and -y axis directions, to obtain the second guide surface c. Using the first guide surface b as a reference, a first guide portion d is formed by extending 1 mm perpendicularly to the first guide surface b towards its front and back sides. Based on the second guide surface c, extend 5mm perpendicularly to the second guide surface c towards its front and back sides to form the second guide part e. Subtract the first guide part d from the second guide part e to obtain the final osteotomy guide part 1. The part of the first guide part d that is subtracted is the osteotomy groove 11. The osteotomy groove 11 formed has a height of 2mm and a length of 50mm.

[0139] S3: As Figure 20 First, a tibial lateral condyle positioning and attachment surface 211 is constructed based on the tibial lateral condyle 10112. Preferably, the tibial lateral condyle positioning and attachment surface 211 is constructed by extending from the edge of the tibial lateral condyle 10112 towards its center, forming an attachment area of ​​300 mm. 2 Tibial lateral condyle positioning attachment surface 211. Further, a tibial lateral condyle positioning attachment portion 21 is formed by extending 5 mm in thickness from the tibial lateral condyle positioning attachment surface 211 in a direction away from the surface of the tibial lateral condyle 10112.

[0140] like Figure 20 First, a medial tibial condyle positioning and attachment surface 221 is constructed based on the medial tibial condyle 10111. Preferably, the medial tibial condyle positioning and attachment surface 221 is constructed by extending the edge of the medial tibial condyle 10111 towards its center, forming an attachment area of ​​300 mm. 2 Tibial medial condyle positioning attachment surface 221. Further, a tibial medial condyle positioning attachment portion 22 is formed by extending 5 mm in thickness from the tibial medial condyle positioning attachment surface 221 away from the surface of the tibial medial condyle 10111.

[0141] like Figure 4 and 5First, a insertion rod 12 is formed by extending 10 mm from the top outer surface of the osteotomy guide 1 in a direction away from the osteotomy groove 11. The inserted rod 12 is triangular in shape. A slot body is constructed based on the outer periphery of the insertion rod 12. The size of the hole in the slot body is equal to or slightly smaller than the size of the insertion rod 12, and the length of the slot body is equal to or slightly larger than the length of the insertion rod. A slot body 233 with a certain wall thickness is formed by extending 3 mm from the outer periphery of the slot body.

[0142] like Figure 4 The upper surface of the slot member 233 extends toward the lateral tibial condyle positioning attachment portion 21 and the medial tibial condyle positioning attachment portion 22, respectively, forming a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface. Then, a first connector 231 and a second connector 232 with a thickness of 8 mm are formed based on the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface, respectively. The combination of the first connector 231, the second connector 232, and the slot member 233 constitutes the connecting assembly 23.

[0143] S4: As Figure 5 A connecting block 3 is constructed at the bottom of the osteotomy guide 1. The connecting block 3 is perpendicular to the plane where the bottom of the osteotomy guide 1 is located, and the connecting block 3 has a thickness of 10 mm, a width of 20 mm, and a length of 40 mm.

[0144] S5: As Figure 1 On the coronal plane, the distance between the first retention component 4 and the osteotomy guide 1 is greater than the distance between the second retention component and the osteotomy guide 1; for example Figure 2 In the sagittal plane, the extending directions of the first retention component 4 and the second retention component 5 are both parallel to the extending direction of the osteotomy groove 11. During construction, the distance between the midline connecting the first retention hole 41 and the second retention hole 42 and the midline connecting the third retention hole 51 and the fourth retention hole 52 is 2 mm. The length of each retention hole channel is 15 mm. The diameter of the constructed first retention hole 41, second retention hole 42, third retention hole 51, and fourth retention hole 52 is 4.0 mm.

[0145] S6: As Figure 5 and 6 During construction, the channel length of the fifth retention hole 61 is 15 mm. The diameter of the fifth retention hole 61 is 4.0 mm. The extension direction of the fifth retention hole 61 is constructed at a 10° angle to the extension direction of the first retention hole 41.

[0146] S7: Construct a force line guide rod 8 on the connecting block 3. During construction, as follows: Figure 17 In the sagittal plane, the extension direction of the force line guide rod 8 is parallel to the extension direction of the tibial mechanical axis 104. For example... Figure 18 On the coronal plane, the extension direction of the force line guide rod 8 coincides with the extension direction of the tibial mechanical axis 104. For example... Figure 10The angle α between the extending direction of the force line guide rod 8 and the plane containing the osteotomy groove 11 is 83°~87°. The length of the force line guide rod 8 is 50mm. The diameter of the hole in the force line guide rod 8 can be 8.0mm.

[0147] S8: Construct the tibial tuberosity attachment portion 7. First, construct the tibial tuberosity attachment surface 71 based on the medial outer surface of the tibial tuberosity 1012, with an attachment area of ​​300 mm². 2 Tibial tuberosity attachment surface 71. During the construction process, a tibial tuberosity attachment portion 7 is formed by extending a certain thickness based on the tibial tuberosity attachment surface 71 in a direction away from the outer surface of the tibial tuberosity attachment surface 71. The thickness of the extension is 5 mm.

[0148] The shape of the guide plate was refined to complete the tibial osteotomy guide plate model. Based on the obtained model, the tibial osteotomy guide plate was printed using SurgicalGuide resin.

[0149] In summary, this application provides a tibial osteotomy guide plate, a model construction method, an apparatus, a terminal, and a medium. The tibial osteotomy guide plate of this invention allows for precise osteotomy of the proximal tibia based on a pre-planned osteotomy groove. Here, depending on the degree of dissection performed by the surgeon during the operation, a second retention component can be used within the tibial osteotomy guide plate, and then the amount of osteotomy can be adjusted within the range of 1.5 to 2.5 mm using the second retention component. Furthermore, this invention allows for the measurement of the patient's posterior tilt angle preoperatively; and for verification of the patient's force line during the operation by inserting a force line rod into a force line guide rod.

[0150] In summary, this invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art and has high industrial application value.

[0151] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model, comprising: S1 provides a three-dimensional model of the tibia and foot, defining the tibial plateau, tibial mechanical axis, tibial tuberosity, and foot. The tibial plateau includes the medial and lateral tibial condyles. A coarse osteotomy surface perpendicular to the tibial mechanical axis is formed by extending a certain distance from the tibial plateau toward the foot. A proximal tibial osteotomy plane is constructed based on the coarse osteotomy surface. The angle between the proximal tibial osteotomy plane and the coarse osteotomy surface is 3° to 7°. S2 determines the center point of the osteotomy guide portion on the proximal tibia osteotomy plane. A first guide surface is formed by extending outwards from the center point. A second guide surface is formed by extending outwards from the center point. The length of the second guide surface is greater than that of the first guide surface, and the width of the second guide surface is less than or equal to that of the first guide surface. Using the first guide surface as a reference, a first guide portion is formed by extending perpendicularly to the first guide surface towards its front and back sides. Using the second guide surface as a reference, a second guide portion is formed by extending perpendicularly to the second guide surface towards its front and back sides, avoiding the first guide portion during the extension process. The first guide portion is subtracted from the second guide portion by Boolean subtraction to obtain the osteotomy guide portion. The subtracted portion of the first guide portion forms the osteotomy groove. S3 is based on a tibial platform to construct a positioning component; the positioning component is detachable from the osteotomy guide. S4 constructs a connecting block at the bottom of the osteotomy guide; S5 constructs a parallel first retention component and a second retention component on the connecting block; during construction, in the coronal plane, the distance between the first retention component and the osteotomy guide is greater than the distance between the second retention component and the osteotomy guide; in the sagittal plane, the extension directions of the first retention component and the second retention component are both parallel to the extension direction of the osteotomy groove. S6 constructs a third retention component on the connecting block at an angle to the extension direction of the first retention component; S7 constructs a force line guide rod on the connecting block that is parallel to the extension direction of the tibial mechanical axis; S8 constructs a tibial tuberosity attachment on the connecting block, extending from the connecting block to the medial side of the tibial tuberosity to form the tibial tuberosity attachment.

2. The method for constructing the tibial osteotomy guide plate model as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: S31 Based on the lateral condyle of the tibia (10112), a positioning attachment point (21) for the lateral condyle of the tibia is constructed. S32 Constructs a medial tibial condyle positioning attachment (22) based on the medial tibial condyle (10111); S33 Construct a connecting component (23) on the osteotomy guide (1).

3. A device for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model, comprising: A three-dimensional model acquisition unit for the tibia and foot is used to determine the tibial plateau, tibial mechanical axis, tibial tuberosity, and foot. The tibial plateau includes the medial tibial condyle and the lateral tibial condyle. A coarse osteotomy surface perpendicular to the tibial mechanical axis is formed by extending a certain distance from the tibial plateau toward the foot. A proximal tibial osteotomy plane is constructed based on the coarse osteotomy surface. The angle between the proximal tibial osteotomy plane and the coarse osteotomy surface is 3° to 7°. The osteotomy guide unit is constructed by defining a center point for the osteotomy guide on the proximal tibial osteotomy plane. A first guide surface is formed by extending outwards from the center point, and a second guide surface is formed by extending outwards from the center point. The length of the second guide surface is greater than that of the first guide surface, and the width of the second guide surface is less than or equal to that of the first guide surface. Using the first guide surface as a reference, a first guide portion is formed by extending perpendicularly to the first guide surface towards its front and back sides. Using the second guide surface as a reference, a second guide portion is formed by extending perpendicularly to the second guide surface towards its front and back sides, avoiding the first guide portion during the extension process. The osteotomy guide portion is obtained by subtracting the first guide portion from the second guide portion using Boolean subtraction. The subtracted portion of the first guide portion forms the osteotomy groove. A positioning component construction unit is used to construct a positioning component based on a tibial platform; the positioning component is detachable from the osteotomy guide. A connecting block building unit is used to build a connecting block at the bottom of the osteotomy guide; A first retention component and a second retention component building unit are used to build parallel first retention components and second retention components on the connecting block. The third retention component construction unit is used to construct a third retention component on the connecting block at an angle to the extending direction of the first retention component; Force line guide rod construction unit, used to construct a force line guide rod on the connecting block that is parallel to the extension direction of the tibial mechanical axis; Tibial tuberosity attachment construction unit, used to construct a tibial tuberosity attachment on a connecting block, extending from the connecting block to the medial side of the tibial tuberosity to form the tibial tuberosity attachment.

4. A method for preparing a tibial osteotomy guide plate, the method comprising: The tibial osteotomy guide plate model is constructed according to the construction method of the tibial osteotomy guide plate model as described in any one of claims 1-2, and the tibial osteotomy guide plate is prepared.

5. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method for constructing the tibial osteotomy guide plate model as described in any one of claims 1-2.

6. An apparatus comprising: A processor and a memory, the memory for storing a computer program, the processor for executing the computer program stored in the memory to cause the device to perform the steps of the method for constructing a tibial osteotomy guide plate model as described in any one of claims 1-2.

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