A high cutting efficiency diamond compact and drill bit

Abstract

The application relates to a high-cutting-efficiency diamond compact and a drill bit, which comprises a cylindrical cemented carbide base and a diamond composite layer, the diamond composite layer is arranged at one end of the cemented carbide base, and the two are connected into an integrated whole; the diamond composite layer is a layered structure from top to bottom, the bottom is a lower layer cylinder with a set thickness, and at least one upward-protruding trapezoidal cutting bevel is arranged at the top, and the trapezoidal cutting bevel is provided with a flow guide groove. The trapezoidal cutting bevel of the high-cutting-efficiency diamond compact has a small contact area, a large rock-breaking stress, and can effectively eat into the stratum relative to a circular plane structure. The flow guide groove of the trapezoidal cutting bevel can make the diamond compact have a good cooling effect and prolong the service life. The trapezoidal cutting bevel has a certain angle, can improve the impact resistance of the diamond compact, and makes the aggressiveness and the impact resistance more balanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of oil drilling technology, and in particular to a high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet and drill bit. Background Technology

[0002] Since the 1980s, diamond drill bits have been widely used in oil and gas drilling projects. Diamond drill bits mainly consist of a drill body and cutting elements. Based on their cutting elements, diamond drill bits are divided into three categories: PDC (polycrystalline diamond) drill bits, TSP (thermally stabilized polycrystalline diamond) drill bits, and natural diamond drill bits. PDC drill bits are mainly used for drilling in soft to medium-hard formations. With continuous technological advancements, the application range of PDC drill bits has become increasingly wider, offering good economic value. TSP drill bits are mainly used for drilling in medium-hard to extremely hard formations. Currently, deep well operations are gradually increasing in oil and gas drilling projects, and the formations encountered are becoming increasingly complex.

[0003] Currently, the main failure modes of composite wafers are wear, tooth breakage, and thermal instability. Halliburton has a cutting element with diamond layers and a sharp tooth structure on the diamond surface, which has good cutting efficiency, but weak impact resistance and poor thermal stability, so it often fails due to tooth breakage and thermal instability in field applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet and drill bit to solve the problems of weak impact resistance and poor thermal stability of composite sheets in related technologies.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides a high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet, comprising: a cylindrical cemented carbide substrate and a diamond composite layer, wherein the diamond composite layer is disposed at one end of the cemented carbide substrate and the two are connected as one piece;

[0006] The diamond composite layer has a two-layer structure, with a lower cylinder of a set thickness at the bottom and at least one upward-protruding trapezoidal cutting bevel at the top, which has a guide groove.

[0007] In some embodiments: the projection of the trapezoidal cutting slope onto the lower cylinder is an isosceles trapezoidal structure, the upper base of the trapezoidal cutting slope extends toward the edge of the lower cylinder and is coplanar with the sidewall of the lower cylinder, and the guide groove is located at the lower base of the trapezoidal cutting slope and extends toward the center of the lower cylinder.

[0008] In some embodiments, the number of trapezoidal cutting bevels is 2-9, and the 2-9 trapezoidal cutting bevels are evenly distributed around the circumference of the lower cylinder.

[0009] In some embodiments, the guide grooves of each of the trapezoidal cutting bevels converge and communicate with each other at the center of the lower cylinder, and the guide grooves are concave arc surface structures with a deep center and shallow edges.

[0010] In some embodiments, two adjacent trapezoidal cutting facets are connected by a diamond plane, the top of which is flush with the top of the trapezoidal cutting facet.

[0011] The sidewall of the trapezoidal cutting slope is a plane or a circular arc surface, and the sidewall of the trapezoidal cutting slope extends downwards at an inclination toward the lower cylinder.

[0012] In some embodiments, at least one of the trapezoidal cutting bevels is parallel to or forms a set angle with the bottom surface of the cemented carbide substrate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the angle between the trapezoidal cutting bevel and the bottom surface of the cemented carbide substrate is 1-25 degrees, and the height of the trapezoidal cutting bevel gradually increases towards the center of the cemented carbide substrate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the angles between each of the trapezoidal cutting bevels and the bottom surface of the cemented carbide substrate may be the same or different.

[0015] In some embodiments, the outer periphery of the cemented carbide substrate is provided with a circumferential positioning mark, and the bonding surface between the cemented carbide substrate and the diamond composite layer is a plane, a concave-convex surface, a straight groove surface, or an annular groove surface.

[0016] A second aspect of this application provides a drill bit comprising a high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided in this application include:

[0018] This application provides a high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet and drill bit. The high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet of this application is provided with a cylindrical cemented carbide substrate and a diamond composite layer. The diamond composite layer is disposed at one end of the cemented carbide substrate and the two are connected as one piece. The diamond composite layer has an upper and lower layer structure. The bottom is a lower cylinder with a set thickness, and the top is provided with at least one upwardly protruding trapezoidal cutting bevel with a guide groove.

[0019] Therefore, the trapezoidal cutting bevel of the high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet of this application has a smaller contact area, higher rock-breaking stress, and more effective penetration into the formation compared to a circular planar structure. The guide grooves of the trapezoidal cutting bevel provide better cooling for the diamond composite sheet, extending its service life. The trapezoidal cutting bevel has a certain angle, which enhances the impact resistance of the diamond composite sheet, making its aggressiveness and impact resistance more balanced. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1a , 1b 1c and 1c are perspective view, top view and sectional view of Embodiment 1 of this application, respectively.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0023] Figure 3a , 3b 3c and 3c are perspective view, top view and sectional view of Embodiment 3 of this application, respectively.

[0024] Figure 4a , 4b 4c and 4c are perspective view, top view and sectional view of Embodiment 4 of this application, respectively. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] This application provides a high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet and drill bit, which can solve the problems of weak impact resistance and poor thermal stability of composite sheets in related technologies.

[0027] See Figure 1a , 1b As shown in Figure 1c, Embodiment 1 of this application provides a high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet, comprising: a cylindrical cemented carbide substrate 102 and a diamond composite layer 101, wherein the diamond composite layer 101 is disposed at one end of the cemented carbide substrate 102 and the two are connected as one unit.

[0028] The diamond composite layer 101 has a layered structure. The bottom layer is a lower cylinder with a thickness H2 of 1.3 mm. The top layer has three upward-protruding trapezoidal cutting bevels 103, 104, and 105, and each of the three trapezoidal cutting bevels 103, 104, and 105 has a guide groove 109.

[0029] The projection of the trapezoidal cutting slope onto the lower cylinder is an isosceles trapezoidal structure. The upper base of the trapezoidal cutting slope extends toward the edge of the lower cylinder and is coplanar with the side wall of the lower cylinder. The guide groove is located at the lower base of the trapezoidal cutting slope and extends toward the center of the lower cylinder.

[0030] Three trapezoidal cutting facets 103, 104, and 105 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the lower cylinder. The three trapezoidal cutting facets 103, 104, and 105 are connected end to end by diamond planes 110, 111, and 112, and the top of the diamond plane is flush with the top of the trapezoidal cutting facet.

[0031] The sidewalls 106, 107, and 108 of the three trapezoidal cutting bevels are either flat or circular arc surfaces. The sidewalls of the trapezoidal cutting bevels extend downwards towards the lower cylinder. The sidewalls 106, 107, and 108 of the three trapezoidal cutting bevels form a certain angle θ with the centerline of the cemented carbide substrate 102.

[0032] In this embodiment, the diamond composite sheet has a diameter of 15.875 mm and a height H1 of 13.2 mm. The angle α between the three trapezoidal cutting bevels 103, 104, and 105 and the bottom plane of the cemented carbide substrate 102 is 20 degrees, the edge chamfer β is 45 degrees, and the cutting length L1 is 1 mm.

[0033] The three trapezoidal cutting slopes of the guide groove 109 converge and connect with each other at the center of the lower cylinder. The guide groove 109 has a concave arc surface structure with a deep center and shallow edges. The concave angle δ of the guide groove 109 is -5 degrees. The transition area between the guide groove 109 and the trapezoidal cutting slope is rounded.

[0034] In some alternative embodiments: see Figure 2 As shown, Embodiment 2 of this application provides a high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet, comprising: a cylindrical cemented carbide substrate 102 and a diamond composite layer 101, wherein the diamond composite layer 101 is disposed at one end of the cemented carbide substrate 102 and the two are connected as one.

[0035] The diamond composite layer 101 has a layered structure. The bottom layer is a lower cylinder with a thickness H2 of 1.3 mm. The top layer has four upward-protruding trapezoidal cutting bevels 203, 204, 205, and 206, each with a guide groove 207.

[0036] The projection of the trapezoidal cutting slope onto the lower cylinder is an isosceles trapezoidal structure. The upper base of the trapezoidal cutting slope extends toward the edge of the lower cylinder and is coplanar with the side wall of the lower cylinder. The guide groove is located at the lower base of the trapezoidal cutting slope and extends toward the center of the lower cylinder.

[0037] Four trapezoidal cutting facets 203, 204, 205, and 206 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the lower cylinder. The four trapezoidal cutting facets are connected end to end by diamond planes 208, 209, 210, and 211, and the top of the diamond planes is flush with the top of the trapezoidal cutting facets.

[0038] The sidewalls 212, 213, and 214 of the four trapezoidal cutting bevels are either planes or arc surfaces. The sidewalls of the trapezoidal cutting bevels extend downwards towards the lower cylinder. The sidewalls 212, 213, and 214 of the four trapezoidal cutting bevels form a certain angle θ with the center line of the cemented carbide substrate 102.

[0039] In this embodiment, the diamond composite sheet has a diameter of 15.875 mm and a height H1 of 13.2 mm. The angle α between the four trapezoidal cutting bevels 203, 204, 205, and 206 and the bottom plane of the cemented carbide substrate 101 is 20 degrees, the edge chamfer β is 45 degrees, and the cutting length L1 is 1 mm.

[0040] The four trapezoidal cutting slopes of the guide groove 207 converge and connect with each other at the center of the lower cylinder. The guide groove 209 is a concave arc surface structure with a deep center and shallow edges. The concave angle δ of the guide groove 207 is -5 degrees. The transition area between the guide groove 207 and the trapezoidal cutting slope is rounded.

[0041] In some alternative embodiments: see Figure 3a , 3b As shown in Figures 3c, Embodiment 3 of this application provides a high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet, comprising: a cylindrical cemented carbide substrate 102 and a diamond composite layer 101, wherein the diamond composite layer 101 is disposed at one end of the cemented carbide substrate 102 and the two are connected as one.

[0042] The diamond composite layer 101 has a layered structure. The bottom layer is a lower cylinder with a thickness H2 of 1.3 mm. The top layer has four upward-protruding trapezoidal cutting bevels 303, 304, 305, and 306. Each of the four trapezoidal cutting bevels 303, 304, 305, and 306 has a guide groove 307.

[0043] The projection of the trapezoidal cutting slope onto the lower cylinder is an isosceles trapezoidal structure. The upper base of the trapezoidal cutting slope extends toward the edge of the lower cylinder and is coplanar with the side wall of the lower cylinder. The guide groove is located at the lower base of the trapezoidal cutting slope and extends toward the center of the lower cylinder.

[0044] The four trapezoidal cutting surfaces 303, 304, 305, and 306 are divided into two groups. Among them, trapezoidal cutting surfaces 303 and 305 are cutting planes of the same type. The angle between the trapezoidal cutting surfaces 303 and 305 and the bottom plane of the cemented carbide substrate 102 is α, and the cutting length of the trapezoidal cutting surfaces 303 and 305 is L1.

[0045] Trapezoidal cutting facets 304 and 306 are a set of cutting facets of the same type. Trapezoidal cutting facets 304 and 306 are parallel to the bottom plane of the cemented carbide substrate 102. The cutting length of trapezoidal cutting facets 304 and 306 is L2, where L2 > L1.

[0046] The sidewalls 308, 309, 310, and 311 of the four trapezoidal cutting bevels are either flat or arc surfaces. The sidewalls of the trapezoidal cutting bevels extend downwards towards the lower cylinder. The sidewalls 308, 309, 310, and 311 of the four trapezoidal cutting bevels form a certain angle θ with the centerline of the cemented carbide substrate 101.

[0047] The four trapezoidal cutting slopes of the guide grooves 307 converge and connect with each other at the center of the lower cylinder. The guide grooves 309 are concave arc surface structures with a deep center and shallow edges. The concave angle δ of the guide grooves 307 is -5 degrees. The transition area between the guide grooves 307 and the trapezoidal cutting slopes is rounded.

[0048] In some alternative embodiments: see Figure 4a , 4b As shown in 4c, Embodiment 4 of this application provides a high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet, including: a cylindrical cemented carbide substrate 102 and a diamond composite layer 101. The diamond composite layer 101 is disposed at one end of the cemented carbide substrate 102, and the two are connected as one.

[0049] The diamond composite layer 101 has a layered structure, with the bottom being a lower cylinder with a thickness H2 of 1.3 mm, and the top being a trapezoidal cutting bevel 403 with an upward protrusion, the trapezoidal cutting bevel 403 having a guide groove 404.

[0050] The projection of the trapezoidal cutting slope onto the lower cylinder is an isosceles trapezoidal structure. The upper base of the trapezoidal cutting slope extends toward the edge of the lower cylinder and is coplanar with the side wall of the lower cylinder. The guide groove is located at the lower base of the trapezoidal cutting slope and extends toward the center of the lower cylinder.

[0051] In this embodiment, the angle n between the trapezoidal cutting bevel 403 and the bottom plane of the cemented carbide substrate 102 is 5 degrees, and the edge chamfer θ is 45 degrees. Diamond planes 405 and 406 extending downwards towards the edge of the lower cylinder are provided on both sides of the guide groove 404 of the trapezoidal cutting bevel.

[0052] The sides 407 and 408 of the trapezoidal cutting slope are located on the outer sides of the trapezoidal cutting slope, respectively. The side walls 409 and 410 of the trapezoidal cutting slope are adjacent planes of the sides 407 and 408 of the trapezoidal cutting slope. The side walls 409 and 410 of the trapezoidal cutting slope are either planes or arc surfaces.

[0053] In some alternative embodiments: see Figure 1a , 1b As shown in Figure 1c, Embodiment 4 of this application provides a high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet, wherein the angles between each trapezoidal cutting bevel and the bottom surface of the cemented carbide substrate 102 are different.

[0054] The angle between the trapezoidal cutting bevel 103 and the bottom surface of the cemented carbide substrate 102 is 10 degrees, the angle between the trapezoidal cutting bevel 104 and the bottom surface of the cemented carbide substrate 102 is 15 degrees, and the angle between the trapezoidal cutting bevel 105 and the bottom surface of the cemented carbide substrate 102 is 20 degrees.

[0055] The outer periphery of the cemented carbide substrate 102 is provided with circumferential positioning marks. The bonding surface between the cemented carbide substrate 102 and the diamond composite layer 101 is a plane, a concave-convex surface, a straight groove surface, or an annular groove surface. The diamond composite layer 101 and the cemented carbide substrate 102 are sintered under ultra-high pressure and high temperature conditions, and then the end face of the diamond composite layer 101 is processed into the required shape.

[0056] A second aspect of this application provides a drill bit comprising a high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0057] Working principle

[0058] This application provides a high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet and drill bit. The high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet of this application is provided with a cylindrical cemented carbide substrate 102 and a diamond composite layer 102. The diamond composite layer 102 is disposed at one end of the cemented carbide substrate 101 and the two are connected as one piece. The diamond composite layer 102 has an upper and lower layer structure. The bottom is a lower cylinder with a set thickness, and the top is provided with at least one upwardly protruding trapezoidal cutting bevel, which has a guide groove.

[0059] Therefore, the trapezoidal cutting bevel of the high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet of this application has a smaller contact area, higher rock-breaking stress, and more effective penetration into the formation compared to a circular planar structure. The guide grooves of the trapezoidal cutting bevel provide better cooling for the diamond composite sheet, extending its service life. The trapezoidal cutting bevel has a certain angle, which enhances the impact resistance of the diamond composite sheet, making its aggressiveness and impact resistance more balanced.

[0060] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0061] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0062] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet, characterized in that, include: A columnar cemented carbide substrate and a diamond composite layer, wherein the diamond composite layer is disposed at one end of the cemented carbide substrate and the two are connected as one unit; The diamond composite layer has a layered structure, with a bottom layer being a lower cylinder with a set thickness, and the top layer having at least one upward-protruding trapezoidal cutting bevel, which has a guide groove. The projection of the trapezoidal cutting slope onto the lower cylinder is an isosceles trapezoidal structure. The upper base of the trapezoidal cutting slope extends toward the edge of the lower cylinder and is coplanar with the side wall of the lower cylinder. The guide groove is located at the lower base of the trapezoidal cutting slope and extends toward the center of the lower cylinder. The number of trapezoidal cutting facets is 2-9, and the 2-9 trapezoidal cutting facets are evenly distributed around the circumference of the lower cylinder; The guide grooves of each trapezoidal cutting bevel converge and communicate with each other at the center of the lower cylinder. The guide grooves are concave arc surface structures with a deep center and shallow edges. Two adjacent trapezoidal cutting facets are connected by a diamond plane, the top of which is flush with the top of the trapezoidal cutting facet. The sidewalls of the trapezoidal cutting bevels are either flat or circular arc surfaces. The sidewalls of the trapezoidal cutting bevels extend downwards towards the lower cylinder. The sidewalls of the three trapezoidal cutting bevels form a certain angle θ with the centerline of the cemented carbide matrix. The lower base of the isosceles trapezoidal waist of two adjacent trapezoidal cutting slopes, and the lower base of the side of the diamond plane that is not connected to the trapezoidal cutting slope end to end, together enclose and form the side wall of the trapezoidal cutting slope. The angle α between the trapezoidal cutting bevel and the bottom plane of the cemented carbide substrate is 20 degrees, and the chamfer β of the edge of the trapezoidal cutting bevel is 45 degrees.

2. The high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the trapezoidal cutting bevel gradually increases toward the center of the cemented carbide matrix.

3. The high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the cemented carbide substrate is provided with circumferential positioning marks, and the bonding surface between the cemented carbide substrate and the diamond composite layer is a plane, a concave-convex surface, a straight groove surface, or an annular groove surface.

4. A drill bit, characterized in that, The invention includes a high-cutting-efficiency diamond composite sheet as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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