Nacelle for a wind power plant

Abstract

The invention relates to a nacelle (2) for a wind power installation (1), comprising: - a nacelle housing (4), - a rotor hub (6), - a rotor bearing arrangement (8) for supporting the rotor hub (6) on the nacelle housing (4), wherein the rotor bearing arrangement (8) has at least one inner ring element (12) and at least one outer ring element (13), wherein at least one sliding bearing element (14) lubricated with oil is configured between the inner ring element (12) and the outer ring element (13). In the nacelle housing (4) and / or in the rotor hub (6), a lubricating oil groove (18) is configured for receiving lubricating oil (19) for the sliding bearing element (14). The lubricating oil groove (18) can be filled with lubricating oil (19) up to a lubricating oil level (20), wherein at least one section of the rotor bearing arrangement (8) is arranged vertically below the lubricating oil level (20) in the lubricating oil groove (18).

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the invention patent application with international application number PCT / AT2019 / 060424, national application number 201980077377.8, application date December 9, 2019, entitled "Nacelle for Wind Power Generation Equipment". Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to a nacelle for a wind power generation device and a wind power generation device equipped with the nacelle. Background Technology

[0003] A rotor support device for the nacelle of a wind power generation equipment is known from EP2863076A1. However, the rotor support device known from EP2863076A1 has only low energy efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a nacelle for wind power generation equipment with improved energy efficiency.

[0005] The task is accomplished using the nacelle and wind power generation equipment according to the present invention.

[0006] According to the present invention, a nacelle for a wind power generation device is provided. The nacelle includes:

[0007] - Cabin shell;

[0008] - Rotor hub;

[0009] - A rotor support device for supporting a rotor hub on a nacelle housing, wherein the rotor support device has at least one inner annular element and at least one outer annular element, wherein at least one oil-lubricated sliding support element is constructed between the inner annular element and the outer annular element. An oil groove is constructed in the nacelle housing and / or in the rotor hub to receive lubricating oil for the sliding support element, such that the oil groove can be filled with lubricating oil up to the lubricating oil level, wherein at least one section of the rotor support device is vertically arranged below the lubricating oil level in the oil groove.

[0010] The nacelle according to the invention offers a surprising advantage: improved energy efficiency can be achieved through the structure according to the invention. This improved energy efficiency is particularly achieved by immersing a portion of the rotor support assembly in a lubricating oil tank, thereby enabling hydraulic lubrication of the rotor support assembly without the need for an additional oil pump. In particular, this eliminates the need for complex assemblies, such as additional oil pumps. Furthermore, the nacelle according to the invention eliminates the need for additional oil lines required for transporting lubricating oil via an oil pump. This not only improves energy efficiency but also reduces the complexity of the nacelle. This, in particular, leads to a reduction in the nacelle's susceptibility to failure, or in other words, an increase in its service life.

[0011] Alternatively, the at least one sliding support element may be configured as a hydraulic sliding support that can be lubricated without a pressure amplification device.

[0012] Furthermore, it can be specified that at least one lubricating oil hole is arranged in the inner annular element and / or the outer annular element, the at least one lubricating oil hole leading directly into the lubricating oil groove. This has the advantage that lubricating oil can be supplied directly from the lubricating oil groove to the sliding support element.

[0013] Furthermore, it can be specified that sealing elements are constructed between the nacelle shell and the rotor hub and / or between the nacelle shell and the rotor shaft. This measure can prevent or minimize the leakage of lubricating oil from the interior of the nacelle.

[0014] Another advantageous embodiment specifies that the lubricating oil sump is integrally constructed within the engine compartment housing, wherein the engine compartment housing is detachably constructed in the region of the lubricating oil sump. This offers the advantage that the sealing element can be constructed outside the lubricating oil sump, and therefore only requires a smaller sealing effect than if the lubricating oil sump extended to the sealing element. With the detachable embodiment of the engine compartment housing in the region of the lubricating oil sump, the rotor support assembly can be simplified for maintenance or its assembly becomes easier.

[0015] According to the proposed improvement, the cabin shell may have a main shell component and a lubricating oil reservoir cover. The lubricating oil reservoir cover can form a lubricating oil reservoir together with the main shell component. In the assembled state, the lubricating oil reservoir cover becomes part of the shell. In particular, it can be specified that the lubricating oil reservoir cover is coupled to the main shell component by means of fastening devices, especially by means of bolts. Furthermore, it can be specified that a sealing element is arranged between the main shell component and the lubricating oil reservoir cover.

[0016] Furthermore, it can be specified that the lubricating oil pan cover is designed to be radially separated, or that multiple lubricating oil pan covers can be removed from the rotor shaft in the radial direction. This allows the lubricating oil pan covers to be removed without having to detach the rotor hub from the rotor shaft. In particular, this improves the maintainability of the engine room.

[0017] Alternatively, the inner annular element may be coupled to the rotor hub, and the at least one sliding support element may be fixed to the inner annular element and rotatable relative to the outer annular element, wherein a sliding surface is formed between the sliding support element and the outer annular element. In particular, the rotor support device may be configured such that the sliding surface is at least partially immersed in a lubricating oil groove. This structure of the rotor support device offers a particularly surprising advantage: lubrication of the rotor support device can be performed particularly efficiently, and the nacelle thus constructed can achieve high energy efficiency.

[0018] Furthermore, it can be specified that at least one lubricating oil hole is arranged in the outer annular element, the at least one lubricating oil hole opening into the sliding surface at a first end and into the lubricating oil groove at a second end. This measure allows lubricating oil to be supplied directly to the sliding surface through the lubricating oil hole, resulting in surprisingly high support efficiency.

[0019] Furthermore, it can be specified that a flow channel, at least partially surrounding the outer annular element, is constructed, terminating in particular in the form of a wedge-shaped gap, and the at least one lubricating oil hole leads into this flow channel. This measure allows for the easy formation of an oil film on the sliding surface, thereby improving the lubrication of the rotor support assembly. The at least partially surrounding flow channel can be centrally constructed on the inner annular element on the surface against which the sliding support element rests.

[0020] In a particular configuration, multiple lubricating oil holes may be distributed around the circumference of the outer annular element, wherein multiple lubricating oil holes lead into the flow channel. This measure ensures that sufficient lubricating oil is supplied to the flow channel.

[0021] According to a favorable improvement, the lubricating oil level can be selected so high that the sliding surface of the rotor support is completely below the lubricating oil level at its lowest cross-section and therefore across its entire width. This measure ensures that sufficient lubricating oil is supplied to the sliding surface of the rotor support, observed across its entire width.

[0022] One particular advantage is that the lubricating oil level is chosen so high that the sealing elements are positioned above the lubricating oil level. This measure effectively prevents lubricating oil leakage from the engine compartment, eliminating the need for sealing measures exceeding the average level.

[0023] Furthermore, it can be specified that the sliding support element comprises a plurality of individual sliding support pads, which are arranged circumferentially. In particular, such sliding support pads can be easily installed or easily replaced during maintenance. Specifically, it can be specified that each sliding support pad, in its assembled state, forms a closed sliding surface, thereby creating a uniform lubricating oil film within the sliding support element.

[0024] Furthermore, it can be specified that each of the sliding support pads is fixed to the inner or outer annular element by means of at least one fixing device, particularly a threaded connection. This fixing of the sliding support pads within the sliding support element, in particular, improves the maintainability of the rotor support device.

[0025] Another advantageous embodiment is that, according to this embodiment, a lubricating oil groove is constructed in the nacelle housing and / or in the rotor hub to receive lubricating oil for the sliding support element, wherein the lubricating oil groove is filled with lubricating oil up to the lubricating oil level, and wherein at least one section of the rotor support device is vertically arranged in the lubricating oil groove below the lubricating oil level, such that section of the rotor support device is immersed in the lubricating oil collected in the lubricating oil groove.

[0026] Furthermore, according to the present invention, a wind power generation device with a nacelle is provided. The nacelle includes:

[0027] - Cabin shell;

[0028] - A rotor hub having rotor blades arranged thereon;

[0029] - A rotor support device for supporting a rotor hub on a nacelle housing, wherein the rotor support device has at least one inner annular element and at least one outer annular element, wherein at least one sliding support element is constructed between the inner annular element and the outer annular element.

[0030] A lubricating oil groove is constructed in the nacelle housing and / or rotor hub to receive lubricating oil for the sliding support element, wherein the lubricating oil groove is filled with lubricating oil up to the lubricating oil level, wherein at least one section of the rotor support is vertically arranged in the lubricating oil groove below the lubricating oil level, such that section of the rotor support is immersed in the lubricating oil collected in the lubricating oil groove.

[0031] Furthermore, it can be specified that the sliding support element is constructed as a multi-layer sliding support. A multi-layer sliding support may consist of at least one support layer and at least one sliding layer, or have at least one sliding layer, wherein the sliding layer has a Vickers hardness of at least 75 HV (0.001), particularly at least 110 HV (0.001), at least in the surface region of the working surface. By constructing a certain minimum hardness at least in the surface region of the sliding layer, wear, which is a factor limiting the service life of the sliding support, can be reduced. Unlike conventional sliding support systems used in wind power equipment, it has been shown that for the application of multi-layer sliding supports according to the invention, it is advantageous to use a correspondingly hard surface material, whereas in conventional sliding support systems, soft support materials must be used to cope with mixed friction and elastic deformation during wind power equipment operation, which leads to correspondingly large dimensional and hydrodynamic losses.

[0032] In particular, it can be specified that the sliding surface of the sliding support element and the sealing surface of the seal have similar structures.

[0033] Preferably, the sliding surface and / or sealing surface of the sliding support element comprises a material selected from the group consisting of aluminum-based alloys, bismuth-based alloys, silver-based alloys, and lubricating varnishes. Such wear-resistant and tribologically effective materials have proven particularly advantageous in wind power generation equipment with high power density. Surprisingly, lubricating varnishes, in particular, can be used well as a sliding layer, although they have a Vickers hardness of about 25 HV (0.001) to 60 HV (0.001), significantly softer than the aforementioned sliding layers, where the hardness can be increased by adding corresponding hard particles.

[0034] Another possibility is that a polymer-based break-in layer is arranged on the sliding surface and / or sealing surface of the sliding support element, so as to achieve better fit between the sealing surface and the sealing element during the break-in period of the sealing element.

[0035] As a lubricant, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorinated resins (e.g., perfluoroalkoxy copolymers), polyfluoroalkoxy-polytetrafluoroethylene copolymers, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymers, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, alternating copolymers, random copolymers (e.g., perfluoroethylene propylene, polyesterimide, bismaleimide), polyimide resins (e.g., carboronimide, aromatic polyimide resins), hydrogen-free polyimide resins, polytriphenylmethylphenylacetylimide, and polyamide imides (especially aromatic and polyaryl ethers) can be used. Imides (modified with isocyanate if necessary), polyetherimides (modified with isocyanate if necessary), resins, epoxy resins, phenolic resins, polyamide 6, polyamide 66, polyoxymethylene, silicone resins, polyaryl ethers, polyaryl ketones, polyaryl ether ketones, polyaryl ether ether ketones, polyether ether ketones, polyether ether ketones, polyether ketones, polyvinylidene fluoride, polysulfides, arylene sulfides, polytriphenylmethylphenylacetylimide, polyesterimide, polyaryl sulfides, polyvinyl sulfides, polyphenylene sulfides, polysulfones, polyethersulfones, polyaryl sulfones, polyaryloxy groups, polyaryl sulfides, and copolymers thereof.

[0036] Furthermore, it can be specified that the sliding support element includes a polymer layer on its sliding surface, wherein the polymer layer has solid lubricant particles and metal oxide particles, and the polymer layer, as a polymer, comprises only a polyimide polymer or a polyamide-imide polymer or a mixture thereof, wherein the metal oxide particles are selected from the group comprising bismuth vanadate, chromium-antimony-rutile, and mixtures thereof. Surprisingly, it has been found that when bismuth vanadate or chromium-antimony-rutile or mixtures thereof are used as metal oxide particles, polymers having imide groups as a structural feature, which is a major structural characteristic, exhibit unpredictable improvements in wear and a reduction in the tendency to break. This is presumably attributed to the improved bonding of bismuth vanadate or chromium-antimony-rutile via their anionic or cationic charge carriers due to the reactivity of the imide groups, the two oxygen atoms adjacent to the nitrogen atom in the polymer matrix forming the polymer layer, and the resulting charge movement in the polymer chain, thereby enhancing the polymer matrix to an unexpected degree. Therefore, not only can the break-in layer be constructed as known from the prior art, but the sliding layer itself, which contacts the corresponding sliding pair after break-in during normal operation of the sliding bearing element, can also be made of polymer layer for special high-load applications of the sliding bearing element. In particular, the above construction can surprisingly achieve excellent dry-running performance, which is absolutely necessary for maintaining a long service life in hydraulic sliding bearings.

[0037] According to a variant of the sliding support element, it is preferably specified that metal oxide particles are included in the polymer layer in a total proportion selected from 2% to 13% by weight. During the testing process, it was found that while improvements in the tribological properties of the polymer layer can be observed when the proportion of metal oxide particles is less than 2% by weight, the durability of the polymer layer is significantly improved from a proportion of 2% by weight onwards. Thus, polymer layers with these minimum proportions of metal oxide particles have better suitability as sliding layers for sliding supports. On the other hand, at proportions greater than 13% by weight, the load-bearing capacity of the polymer layer decreases to a degree that adversely affects its use as a sliding layer.

[0038] Furthermore, it can be specified that bismuth vanadate contains tungsten and / or molybdenum oxide additives. These two metals are also present in typical solid lubricants, such as MoS2 or WS2, which are known to be used in such polymer layers in sliding bearings. Therefore, not only can the bonding of metal oxide particles in the polymer matrix be improved, but the material compatibility with the solid lubricant particles used can also be improved. Furthermore, this can also improve the lubrication capability of the polymer layer, provided that during operation of the sliding bearing element at elevated temperatures, solid lubricant particles can potentially be reformed from these additives themselves and the sulfide components of the lubricating oil.

[0039] According to another implementation variation, the total proportion of tungsten oxide and / or molybdenum oxide in bismuth vanadate can be selected from 5% to 20% by weight. At a proportion less than 5% by weight, while some improvement in the tribological properties of the polymer layer can be achieved, it is economically unfeasible to some extent to use bismuth vanadate with these additives. At a proportion greater than 20% by weight, no further improvement in the tribological properties of the polymer layer was observed.

[0040] The proportion of antimony oxide in chromium-antimony-rutile is preferably selected from the range of 5% to 14% by weight. The use of antimony oxide to reinforce the polymer matrix is ​​known in the prior art. As an additive for rutile, antimony ions cause charge distortion within the rutile structure, thereby improving the bonding of metal oxide particles to the polymer matrix. When the proportion of antimony oxide in chromium-antimony-rutile is outside the said range, either only a slight improvement in the tribological properties of the polymer layer is observed compared to a polymer layer with pure TiO2 (at smaller proportions), or the polymer layer becomes too hard (at higher proportions).

[0041] Furthermore, the proportion of chromium oxide in the chromium-antimony-rutile composition can be specified to be selected from 1% to 8% by weight. The use of chromium oxide to reinforce polymer matrices is also known in the prior art. However, as an oxide additive to rutile, a surprisingly significant improvement in this effect has been observed, exceeding the range expected from adding chromium oxide alone. It is presumed that this improvement is also attributed to the better integration of the chromium oxide additive into the polymer matrix, thereby allowing the reinforcement of the polymer matrix to act more directly on the polymer chains. Similarly, as mentioned above regarding molybdenum and tungsten, while the effect of chromium oxide additives is observed below 1% by weight, it is more advantageous to add pure rutile without chromium oxide additives. If the proportion of these additives exceeds 8% by weight, the polymer matrix becomes too hard, which deteriorates the overall tribology of the sliding support element.

[0042] Preferably, Sb5+ and Cr2+ ions, exceeding 50 atomic% of the total share of chromium and antimony in chromium-antimony-rutile, occupy the lattice sites of Ti3+ and thus partially replace it. An ideal rutile structure is known to have only octahedrally coordinated titanium atoms. This idealized structure is characterized by Ti4+ and O2 ions. However, in the actual structure of rutile, Ti3+ and Ti5+ appear, for example, due to surface defects. Here, the advantage of having more than 50 atomic% of Ti3+ sites occupied by chromium and antimony is that an improved combination of chromium-antimony-rutile to a polymer structure can obviously be achieved at these lattice sites.

[0043] Furthermore, it can be specified that antimony and chromium in the chromium-antimony-rutile mixture exist in a ratio selected from 1.5:1 to 3:1. The exact mechanism of this action has not yet been fully elucidated. However, in experiments, this mixing ratio has shown to be particularly advantageous.

[0044] According to another embodiment of the sliding support element, at least 60% of the metal oxide particles (based on the total proportion of metal oxide particles in the polymer layer) have a maximum particle size of up to 500 nm. While metal oxide particles can be used to reinforce polymer matrices with conventional particle sizes in this invention's technical field, it has been found that using metal oxide particles with a maximum particle size of 500 nm has the advantage that these particles influence the orientation of polymer chains in their surrounding environment, and thus affect the structure of the polymer itself. Therefore, metal oxide particles have an indirect effect on the polymer structure in addition to their direct role in reinforcing the polymer matrix. This allows for targeted modification of the polymer's strength.

[0045] It can be further specified that at least a portion of the metal oxide particles and / or solid lubricant particles have surface modification. Through this surface modification, the interaction between the particles and the polymer matrix, and therefore their function within the polymer layer, can be affected and can be set within a wide range.

[0046] Preferably, the surface modification is selected from the group consisting of silanization, siloxaneization, epoxidation, amination, plasma activation, and electron beam activation. In particular, the functional groups or ligands generated on the particle surface by these reactions have the advantage that the particles can be mixed more easily to produce a polymer layer without the formation of agglomerates of starting material, thereby improving the at least approximately uniform distribution of particles in the mixture and therefore in the polymer layer. This at least approximately uniform distribution of particles allows for the homogenization of the particle effect within the polymer layer. Furthermore, the bonding between the particles and the polymer matrix is ​​also thus improved.

[0047] According to a variation of the sliding support element, the polymer layer preferably consists only of polyamide-imide, solid lubricant particles, and metal oxide particles, thereby simplifying the manufacturing of the polymer layer. Furthermore, it reduces the potential interactions between the components of the polymer layer added to the polymer precursor, thereby improving the effectiveness of the components oriented towards the sliding pair to be supported.

[0048] Regarding the reinforcement of the polymer matrix, it has further proven advantageous that the ratio of solid lubricant particles to metal oxide particles is selected from the range of 5:1 to 12:1.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the polymer layer, the polymer layer is configured as a sliding layer, so that the support element does not require an additional metal sliding layer and therefore the support element can be constructed more simply.

[0050] Alternatively, the sealing element may be configured as an axial seal, which is arranged between the end side of the nacelle housing and the end side of the rotor hub.

[0051] In an alternative embodiment, the sealing element may be configured as a radial seal, which is arranged between the nacelle housing and the rotor hub and / or between the nacelle housing and the rotor shaft.

[0052] Furthermore, it can be specified that the sealing element is constructed as a sliding ring seal. In particular, a good sealing effect can be achieved by means of a sliding ring seal for sealing the engine compartment.

[0053] Another advantageous embodiment specifies that the sealing element comprises at least two segments that can be fitted radially onto the rotor shaft. This offers the advantage that the sealing element can be easily replaced without disassembling the rotor shaft. This simplification of rotor shaft maintenance is particularly achieved by the sealing element not being completely closed, but having a segmented structure, and therefore being able to be opened to allow the sealing element to be radially fitted onto the shaft.

[0054] According to the proposed improvement, the sealing element could be constructed as a labyrinth seal. In particular, labyrinth seals offer a long service life under current usage conditions and provide sufficient sealing, especially when the sealing element is not immersed in the lubricating oil reservoir.

[0055] Alternatively, the labyrinth seal may have a return section that guides the lubricant into a lubricating oil reservoir. This measure minimizes the leakage of unwanted lubricant from the engine compartment. The return section can be implemented, for example, in the form of an orifice that guides from a recess in the sealing labyrinth towards the lubricating oil reservoir. However, the return section can also be formed such that the inner wall of the labyrinth near the lubricating oil reservoir is lower than the outer wall of the labyrinth away from the lubricating oil reservoir.

[0056] Furthermore, it can be specified that the sealing element is housed within the engine compartment and that the rotor hub can rotate relative to the sealing element. In particular, this configuration of the seal, or its installation configuration, results in minimal wear on the sealing element. This, in turn, improves the durability of the sealing element.

[0057] Furthermore, it can be specified that the sealing element contacts a sealing surface that is movable relative to the sealing element, wherein the sealing surface has a lubricating coating. This structure of the sealing element, in particular, can improve the durability of wind power generation equipment.

[0058] Depending on the specific implementation, a sliding sleeve may be arranged on the rotor hub or rotor shaft, which works in conjunction with the sealing element. In particular, the use of a sliding sleeve can improve the durability of the sealing element.

[0059] According to advantageous improvements, oil dripping elements in the form of grooves or protrusions can be constructed on the rotor shaft. These measures can improve the sealing effect of the sealing elements.

[0060] It is particularly advantageous to construct two axially spaced sealing elements. Thus, when viewed along the axial direction of the axis of rotation, the lubricating oil groove can be sealed in two directions to prevent lubricating oil from escaping from the engine compartment on one side and to bind the lubricating oil in the area of ​​the lubricating oil groove within the engine compartment housing on the second side.

[0061] In addition, it may be specified that sealing elements are constructed between the nacelle shell and the rotor hub and / or between the nacelle shell and the rotor shaft.

[0062] In this context, a pressure amplification device is a device configured to increase the pressure of lubricating oil by means of an external energy supply. An example of such a pressure amplification device is a hydraulic pump.

[0063] In the context of this article, the nacelle includes not only the nacelle shell but also the rotor hub and the rotor support device used to support the rotor hub.

[0064] The internal annular element or the external annular element can be constructed as independent components, which can be coupled to the rotor hub or rotor shaft or to the nacelle shell. Alternatively, the internal annular element can be constructed as an integrated component of the rotor hub or rotor shaft. Alternatively, the external annular element can be constructed as an integrated component of the rotor hub or rotor shaft. Alternatively, the internal annular element can be constructed as an integrated component of the nacelle shell. Alternatively, the external annular element can be constructed as an integrated component of the nacelle shell. Attached Figure Description

[0065] To better understand the present invention, it will be explained in more detail with the aid of the following figures.

[0066] Here, each is illustrated with a very simplified diagram:

[0067] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a wind power generation device is shown;

[0068] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the cabin is shown in a strongly illustrative diagram;

[0069] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the cabin with flow channels in the external annular element is shown.

[0070] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of an external annular element with flow channels is shown;

[0071] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the cabin with a separate hull is shown in a highly schematic manner.

[0072] Figure 6 An embodiment of a sliding ring seal having a sliding surface constructed on a sleeve is shown;

[0073] Figure 7 An embodiment of a labyrinth seal with an oil drain section is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0074] First, it must be determined that identical components in different described embodiments are given the same reference numerals or component names, and the disclosure contained throughout the specification can be semantically transferred to the same components having the same reference numerals or component names. Location descriptions selected in the specification, such as upper, lower, side, etc., also refer to the directly described and illustrated figures, and these location descriptions are semantically transferred to the new location when the location changes.

[0075] Figure 1 A schematic diagram is shown of a wind power generation device 1 for generating electricity from wind energy. The wind power generation device 1 includes a nacelle 2, which is rotatably housed on a tower 3. The nacelle 2 includes a nacelle shell 4, which forms the main structure of the nacelle 2. Electrical technology components, such as the generator of the wind power generation device 1, are arranged in the nacelle shell 4 of the nacelle 2.

[0076] Furthermore, a rotor 5 is constructed, which has a rotor hub 6 with rotor blades 7 arranged thereon. The rotor hub 6 is considered part of the nacelle 2. The rotor hub 6 is rotatably received on the nacelle shell 4 by means of a rotor support device 8.

[0077] The rotor support device 8, which supports the rotor hub 6 on the nacelle shell 4 of the nacelle 2, is configured to absorb radial force 9, axial force 10, and tilting moment 11. Axial force 10 is determined by wind force. Radial force 9 is determined by the weight of the rotor 5 and acts on the center of gravity of the rotor 5. Because the center of gravity of the rotor 5 is outside the rotor support device 8, tilting moment 11 is induced in the rotor support device 8 by radial force 9. Tilting moment 11 can also be induced by uneven load on the rotor blades 7.

[0078] The rotor support device 8 according to the invention may, for example, have a diameter between 0.5 m and 5 m. Of course, it is also possible for the rotor support device 8 to be smaller or larger.

[0079] exist Figure 2 The schematic cross-sectional view shows the nacelle shell 4 and rotor hub 6, in which the structure, especially its dimensions, has been highly schematic. (See diagram below.) Figure 2 As can be seen from the description, the rotor support device 8 can be specified to have at least one internal annular element 12 and at least one external annular element 13. At least one sliding support element 14 is arranged between the internal annular element 12 and the external annular element 13.

[0080] As from Figure 2As can be seen, it can be specified that the internal annular element 12 is coupled to the rotor hub 6. In particular, it can be specified that a rotor shaft 15 is constructed, on which the rotor hub 6 is arranged. The internal annular element 12 can be directly received on the rotor shaft 15.

[0081] In another embodiment, not shown, it may of course be specified that the internal annular element 12 is directly received on the rotor hub 6.

[0082] In another embodiment not shown, it may of course be specified that the internal annular element 12 is fixed to the nacelle housing 4, and the rotor hub 6 is coupled to the external annular element 13.

[0083] As from Figure 2 As can be seen from this, it can be specified that not only the inner annular element 12 but also the outer annular element 13 are constructed in a V-shape, and two sliding support elements 14 are axially spaced apart on the V-shaped side surfaces between these two annular elements 12 and 13, respectively, and these two sliding support elements are arranged at a certain angle to each other. For example, from... Figure 2 As can be seen from the description, in the embodiment, the sliding support element 14 can be fixed to the inner annular element 12 by means of a fixing device 16. Therefore, a sliding surface 17 can be constructed between the sliding support element 14 and the outer annular element 13. Figure 2 In the arrangement of the sliding support element 14 shown, the sliding surface 17 can also be arranged in a V-shape.

[0084] As from Figure 2 As can also be seen in the text, it can be specified that the internal annular element 12 is constructed separately about its axial extension in order to simplify the assembly of the rotor support device 8.

[0085] In embodiments not shown, it is also possible that the internal annular element 12 is not as shown. Figure 2 Instead of forming a groove as shown in the embodiment, the V-shaped arrangement is inverted, resulting in V-shaped protrusions on the inner annular element 12. In this case, for easier assembly, the outer annular element 13 can be configured separately in its axial extension.

[0086] Not only in embodiments having an inner annular element 12 that is axially separated, but also in embodiments having an outer annular element 13 that is axially separated, it can be specified that the individual components of the separately constructed annular elements 12 and 13 are configured to be axially adjustable relative to each other, so as to, for example, compensate for wear of the sliding support element 14. In particular, it can be specified that the support gap can be set by the axial adjustability between the individual components of the annular elements 12 and 13.

[0087] As from Figure 2 Furthermore, it is specified that a lubricating oil groove 18 is constructed to receive the lubricating oil 19. In operation, the lubricating oil groove 18 is filled with lubricating oil 19 up to the lubricating oil level 20. Here, the lubricating oil level 20 is selected such that the sliding surface 17 is at least partially below the lubricating oil level 20 and is thus immersed in the lubricating oil 19 in the lubricating oil groove 18.

[0088] The sliding support element 14 is configured as a hydraulic sliding support, thereby forming a lubricating oil film on the sliding surface 17 when the rotor hub 6 rotates about the rotor axis 21. The lubricating oil film is used to hydraulically support the sliding support element 14.

[0089] To deliver lubricating oil 19 to the sliding surface 17, lubricating oil holes 22 may be constructed in the inner annular element 12 or the outer annular element 13. These holes, depending on the rotational position of the rotor hub 6, extend into a lubricating oil groove 18 at a first longitudinal end and into the intermediate space between the inner annular element 12 and the outer annular element 13 at a second longitudinal end. This design ensures that sufficient lubricating oil 19 can be supplied to the sliding support element 14.

[0090] Alternatively, lubricating oil holes 23 can be provided that directly lead into the sliding surface 17. The sliding surface 17 can be directly fluidly connected to the lubricating oil groove 18 via these lubricating oil holes 23, thereby enabling the supply of sufficient lubricating oil 19 to the sliding surface 17. In particular, it can be specified that, through the movement of the sliding support element 14 relative to the external annular element 13, lubricating oil 19 is drawn into the sliding surface 17 via the lubricating oil holes 23 or 22, and a lubricating oil film is formed there for lubrication or for supporting the sliding support element 14.

[0091] To achieve good lubrication of the sliding support element 14, it can be specified that, for example, in Figure 2 As shown, at least one section of the sliding surface 17, when viewed across its width, is entirely below the lubricating oil level 20.

[0092] Furthermore, it can be specified that a sealing element 24 is constructed, which is used to seal the rotor hub 6 relative to the nacelle housing 4. (See from...) Figure 2 As can be seen, the sealing element 24 can be specified to act between the end side 25 of the nacelle housing 4 and the end side 26 of the rotor hub 6. In particular, the lubricating oil groove 18 can be specified to extend not only on the nacelle housing 4 but also on the rotor hub 6, and thereby the sealing element 24 is partially located below the lubricating oil level 20.

[0093] As from Figure 2 It can also be seen that the sealing element 24 may be specified to be received in the cabin shell 4.

[0094] exist Figure 3 The diagram shows another, and if necessary, independent, embodiment of cabin 2, in which the same components are also used as described above. Figures 1 to 2 The same reference numerals or component names are used in the accompanying drawings. To avoid unnecessary repetition, refer to or cite the foregoing... Figures 1 to 2 The detailed description is in the text.

[0095] like Figure 3 As shown, it can be specified that a flow channel 27 is constructed in the outer annular element 13, which is fluidly connected to the lubricating oil hole 23 and is used for better distribution of lubricating oil 19 in the sliding surface 17.

[0096] Figure 4 Show Figure 3 A sectional view along section line IV-IV. (As shown from...) Figure 4 As can be seen, the flow channel 27 can be specified to extend at a flow channel angle 28, which is preferably selected such that the flow channel 27 is arranged entirely below the lubricating oil level 20. In particular, the flow channel angle 28 can be specified to be between 10° and 160°, preferably between 45° and 80°.

[0097] Furthermore, it is specified that the flow channel width 29 is selected such that the flow channel width is less than the width 30 of the sliding support element 14. For example, from... Figure 4 Therefore, it can be specified that multiple lubricating oil holes 23 lead into the flow channel 27. Furthermore, it can be specified that the flow channel 27 terminates in the form of a wedge-shaped gap 31. This measure allows a lubricating film to be established.

[0098] In the first embodiment, the flow channel 27 may be specified to terminate on both sides in the circumferential direction in the form of a wedge-shaped gap 31.

[0099] In another embodiment, it may be specified that, viewed in the main rotation direction 32, a wedge-shaped gap 31 is constructed only at one end of the flow channel 27.

[0100] As from Figure 4 As can be further seen, the sliding support element 14 may be specified to have a plurality of sliding support pads 33, which are arranged circumferentially on the inner annular element 12. The sliding support pads 33 may be arranged on the inner annular element 12 in such a way that a continuous sliding surface 17 is constructed, which can function as a hydraulic support. In particular, the sliding surface 17 may be specified to have a truncated cone shape.

[0101] exist Figure 5 The diagram shows another, and if necessary, independent, embodiment of cabin 2, in which the same components are also used as described above. Figures 1 to 4The same reference numerals or component names are used in the accompanying drawings. To avoid unnecessary repetition, refer to or cite the foregoing... Figures 1 to 4 The detailed description is in the text.

[0102] As from Figure 5 As can be seen, the lubricating oil trough 18 can be integrally constructed within the engine room housing 4. In particular, the sealing element 24, especially its sealing surface 34, can be integrally positioned above the lubricating oil level 20. To enable or simplify the assembly or maintenance of the engine room housing 4 or rotor support assembly 8 with this configuration, the engine room housing 4 can be provided with a main housing component 35 and a lubricating oil trough cover 36. In particular, the main housing component 35 and the lubricating oil trough cover 36 define the lubricating oil trough 18. The lubricating oil trough cover 36 can be fixed to the main housing component 35 by means of a fixing element 37.

[0103] As from Figure 5 As can be seen, it can be specified that, when viewed along the axial direction of the rotor axis 21, sealing elements 24 are arranged on both sides of the lubricating oil groove 18. In particular, it can be specified that the sealing elements 24 are constructed in the radial direction. Here, one of the sealing elements 24 can be arranged in the main housing component 35, and the second sealing element of the sealing element 24 can be arranged in the lubricating oil groove cover 36.

[0104] Furthermore, it can be specified that the sealing element 24 works in conjunction with the rotor shaft 15. In particular, it can be specified that the sliding surface 17 is constructed on the rotor shaft 15. Specifically, it can be specified that the rotor shaft 15 has a specially constructed surface for this purpose, which is formed, for example, by a lubricating varnish coating. Such a lubricating varnish coating is particularly useful when using sliding ring seals.

[0105] Furthermore, it can be specified that an oil dripping element 38 is constructed on the rotor shaft 15 to prevent lubricating oil 19 from reaching the sealing element 24 in the axial direction along the rotor shaft 15. The oil dripping element 38 can be constructed, for example, in the form of a groove. In alternative embodiments, it can also be specified that the oil dripping element 38 is constructed, for example, in the form of a circumferential protrusion on the rotor shaft 15.

[0106] Figure 6 Another embodiment of the arrangement of the sealing element 24 is shown in detail view. (See from...) Figure 6 As can be seen, it can be specified that a sliding sleeve 39 is arranged on the rotor shaft 15, and a sealing surface 34 is constructed on the sliding sleeve 39. This arrangement may be particularly meaningful when using sliding ring seals.

[0107] In another embodiment not shown, the sliding sleeve 39 may be directly received on the rotor hub 6, and the sealing element 24 is therefore used to seal the rotor hub 6.

[0108] Figure 7 Another embodiment of the sealing element 24 is shown. (See from...) Figure 7 Therefore, it can be specified that the sealing element 24 is constructed in the form of a labyrinth seal, which, for example, cooperates with the lubricating oil reservoir cover 36. In particular, it can be specified that a return section 40 is constructed to guide the lubricating oil 19 back into the lubricating oil reservoir 18. For example, in... Figure 7 As can be seen, the return section can be constructed in the form of a hole that leads from the lowest point of the labyrinth seal into the lubricating oil groove 18.

[0109] These embodiments illustrate possible implementation variations. It should be noted that the invention is not limited to the specific implementation variations shown herein, but rather different combinations of various implementation variations are possible and such variations are within the capabilities of those skilled in the art based on the teachings of the technical means of the invention.

[0110] The scope of protection is defined by the claims. However, the claims should be interpreted with reference to the specification and drawings. A single feature or combination of features from the different embodiments shown and described can be an independent inventive solution in itself. The task upon which an independent inventive solution is based can be derived from the specification.

[0111] All descriptions of value ranges in this specification should be understood as including, together with, any and all partial ranges. For example, the description of 1 to 10 should be understood as including, together with, all partial ranges starting from the lower limit of 1 and the upper limit of 10. That is, all partial ranges that begin with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end with an upper limit of 10 or less, such as 1 to 1.7 or 3.2 to 8.1 or 5.5 to 10.

[0112] As required, it must be noted that, for better understanding of the construction, some components are shown partially out of scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced.

[0113] List of reference numerals

[0114] 1 Wind power generation equipment

[0115] 2 cabins

[0116] 3 towers

[0117] 4. Cabin hull

[0118] 5 rotors

[0119] 6 rotor hub

[0120] 7 rotor blades

[0121] 8. Rotor support device

[0122] 9 Radial force

[0123] 10 Axial Force

[0124] 11 Tilting Moment

[0125] 12 internal ring element

[0126] 13 External ring element

[0127] 14 Sliding support elements

[0128] 15 rotor shafts

[0129] 16 Fixtures

[0130] 17 Sliding Surfaces

[0131] 18 Lubricating Oil Tanks

[0132] 19 Lubricating Oil

[0133] 20 Lubricating oil level

[0134] 21 Rotor shaft

[0135] 22. Lubricating oil hole of annular element

[0136] 23 Lubricating oil hole

[0137] 24 sealing elements

[0138] 25 End side of the fuselage

[0139] 26 End side of rotor hub

[0140] 27 flow channels

[0141] 28 flow channel angle

[0142] 29 Flow channel width

[0143] 30 Width of sliding support element

[0144] 31 wedge gap

[0145] 32 Main Rotation Direction

[0146] 33 Sliding support pad

[0147] 34 sealing surfaces

[0148] 35 Main Components of the Housing

[0149] 36 Lubricating oil tank cover

[0150] 37 Fixed Components

[0151] 38 oil dripping element

[0152] 39 Sliding Sleeve

[0153] 40 reflux section

Claims

1. A nacelle (2) for a wind power generation device (1), the nacelle (2) comprising: - Cabin shell (4); - Rotor hub (6); - A rotor support device (8) for supporting a rotor hub (6) on a nacelle housing (4), wherein the rotor support device (8) has at least one inner annular element (12) and at least one outer annular element (13), wherein at least one oil-lubricated sliding support element (14) is constructed between the inner annular element (12) and the outer annular element (13). The feature is that a lubricating oil groove (18) is constructed in the nacelle housing (4) and / or in the rotor hub (6) for receiving lubricating oil (19) for the sliding support element (14), such that the lubricating oil groove (18) can be filled with lubricating oil (19) up to a lubricating oil level (20), wherein at least one section of the rotor support device (8) is vertically arranged below the lubricating oil level (20) in the lubricating oil groove (18), the lubricating oil groove (18) being integrally constructed in the nacelle housing (4), wherein the nacelle housing (4) is separably constructed in the region of the lubricating oil groove (18).

2. The nacelle (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that The at least one sliding support element (14) is configured as a hydraulic sliding support that can be lubricated without a pressure amplification device.

3. The nacelle (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that At least one lubricating oil hole (22) is arranged in the inner annular element (12) and / or in the outer annular element (13), the at least one lubricating oil hole leading directly into the lubricating oil groove (18).

4. The nacelle (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that A sealing element (24) is constructed between the nacelle housing (4) and the rotor hub (6) and / or between the nacelle housing (4) and the rotor shaft (15).

5. The nacelle (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The cabin shell (4) has a main shell component (35) and a lubricating oil tank cover (36).

6. The nacelle (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The inner annular element (12) is coupled to the rotor hub (6), and the at least one sliding support element (14) is fixed to the inner annular element (12) and can be twisted relative to the outer annular element (13), wherein a sliding surface (17) is formed between the sliding support element (14) and the outer annular element (13).

7. The nacelle (2) according to claim 6, characterized in that At least one lubricating oil hole (23) is arranged in the outer annular element (13), the at least one lubricating oil hole opening into the sliding surface (17) at the first end and into the lubricating oil groove (18) at the second end.

8. The nacelle (2) according to claim 7, characterized in that A flow channel (27) is constructed in the outer annular element (13) that is at least partially surrounding the flow channel, the flow channel terminating in the form of a wedge-shaped gap (31), and the at least one lubricating oil hole (23) leads into the flow channel.

9. The nacelle (2) according to claim 8, characterized in that Multiple lubricating oil holes (23) are distributed around the circumference of the outer annular element (13), wherein multiple lubricating oil holes (23) lead into the flow channel (27).

10. The nacelle (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The lubricating oil level (20) is selected so high that the sliding surface (17) of the rotor support device (8) is completely below the lubricating oil level (20) at the lowest cross section of the sliding surface.

11. The nacelle (2) according to claim 4, characterized in that The lubricating oil level (20) is selected so high that the sealing element (24) is positioned above the lubricating oil level (20).

12. The nacelle (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The sliding support element (14) includes a plurality of individual sliding support pads (33) arranged circumferentially.

13. The nacelle (2) according to claim 12, characterized in that Each of the sliding support pads (33) is fixed to the inner annular element (12) or the outer annular element (13) by means of at least one fixing device (16).

14. The nacelle (2) according to claim 12, characterized in that Each of the sliding support pads (33) is fixed to the inner annular element (12) or the outer annular element (13) by means of a threaded connector.

15. The nacelle (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The sliding support element (14) includes a polymer layer having solid lubricant particles and metal oxide particles, and the polymer layer as a polymer having only polyimide polymers or polyamide-imide polymers or mixtures thereof, wherein the metal oxide particles are selected from the group consisting of bismuth vanadate, chromium-antimony-rutile and mixtures thereof.

16. A wind power generation device (1) having a nacelle (2), the nacelle (2) comprising: - Cabin shell (4); - Rotor hub (6), said rotor hub having rotor blades arranged thereon; - A rotor support device (8) for supporting a rotor hub (6) on a nacelle housing (4), wherein the rotor support device (8) has at least one inner annular element (12) and at least one outer annular element (13), wherein at least one sliding support element (14) is constructed between the inner annular element (12) and the outer annular element (13). The feature is that a lubricating oil groove (18) is constructed in the nacelle housing (4) and / or in the rotor hub (6) for receiving lubricating oil (19) for the sliding support element (14), wherein the lubricating oil groove (18) is filled with lubricating oil (19) up to a lubricating oil level (20), wherein at least one section of the rotor support device (8) is vertically arranged below the lubricating oil level (20) in the lubricating oil groove (18) such that the section of the rotor support device (8) is immersed in the lubricating oil (19) collected in the lubricating oil groove (18), the lubricating oil groove (18) being integrally constructed in the nacelle housing (4), wherein the nacelle housing (4) is separably constructed in the region of the lubricating oil groove (18).

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