An adaptive radial gas bearing and motor

Abstract

This invention provides an adaptive radial gas bearing and a motor. The adaptive radial gas bearing includes: a bearing housing, a top foil, a first layer of corrugated foil, and a second layer of corrugated foil. Both the first and second layers of corrugated foil are disposed between the bearing housing and the top foil, and the second layer of corrugated foil is disposed between the first layer of corrugated foil and the top foil. The first layer of corrugated foil includes a first corrugated foil located at a first position in the axial direction, and includes a first corrugated foil support end and a first corrugated foil flat section alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The second layer of corrugated foil includes a second corrugated foil also located at a first position in the axial direction, and includes a second corrugated foil support end and a second corrugated foil flat section alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The second corrugated foil support end is located between the first corrugated foil support end and the top foil. The double-layer corrugated foil structure of this invention effectively increases the bearing stiffness, prevents bearing failure due to large deformation under heavy loads, and improves the bearing's load-bearing capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing technology, specifically to an adaptive radial gas bearing and an electric motor. Background Technology

[0002] A gas hydrodynamic bearing is a type of elastically supported hydrodynamic gas bearing, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the high-speed rotation of the shaft 101 drives the gas flow between the bearing 102 and the shaft 101. The viscous gas enters the wedge-shaped region, generating a hydrodynamic pressure effect and forming a high-pressure gas film 103. When the pressure of the hydrodynamic gas film 103 is sufficiently high, it can suspend the high-speed rotating shaft 101. During high-speed rotation of the shaft, the high-pressure gas film 103 compresses the bearing 102, causing elastic deformation in both the top foil and the supporting corrugated foil, increasing the gas film gap and ensuring stable operation of the bearing 102.

[0003] Patent number CN 112648283 A discloses a hydrodynamic radial gas bearing, see Figure 2-3 The system includes a bearing housing 1, a top foil 2 is provided on the inner circumference of the bearing housing, and a plurality of wave foil groups 3 are provided between the bearing housing 1 and the top foil 2. Each wave foil group 3 includes two high arch foils 31 and one low arch foil 32. The distance from the foil arch of the high arch foil 31 to the top foil 2 is less than the distance from the foil arch of the low arch foil 32 to the top foil 2.

[0004] The main defects of the original technical structure are as follows: 1. Low radial bearing stiffness and poor load-bearing capacity. This radial bearing consists of a single-layer arched foil and a single-layer top foil. The arched foil has a three-section structure, with high arched foils on both sides and a low arched foil in the middle. Under small loads, the high arched foils at both ends provide load-bearing capacity first, while under large loads, all three arched foils provide load-bearing capacity together. This design effectively adjusts the bearing stiffness. However, the segmentation reduces the contact area with the top foil under low loads, to only 2 / 3 of the contact area. This design flaw leads to a decrease in the overall load-bearing capacity of the radial bearing. 2. Low bearing stiffness, low damping, and easy wear. This hydrodynamic radial bearing consists of a single-layer arched foil and a single-layer top foil structure. The single-layer top foil has low damping under large loads and is prone to wear. Top foil wear also includes wear during bearing start-up and shutdown, resulting in a reduction in the overall load-bearing range of the bearing and a decrease in its overall load-bearing capacity.

[0005] In summary, the original technical solution of hydrodynamic air-bearing radial bearing has problems such as low bearing stiffness, low damping, easy wear, and poor load-bearing performance.

[0006] Because existing hydrodynamic air-bearing radial bearings suffer from problems such as low bearing stiffness leading to poor load-bearing performance and low damping leading to easy wear, this invention studies and designs an adaptive radial gas bearing and motor. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect of poor load-bearing performance due to low bearing stiffness in the prior art of hydrodynamic air-floating radial bearings, thereby providing an adaptive radial gas bearing and motor.

[0008] To address the above problems, the present invention provides an adaptive radial gas bearing, comprising:

[0009] The bearing housing, top foil, first layer corrugated foil, and second layer corrugated foil are provided, wherein the first layer corrugated foil and the second layer corrugated foil are both disposed between the bearing housing and the top foil, and the second layer corrugated foil is disposed between the first layer corrugated foil and the top foil;

[0010] The first layer of corrugated foil includes a first corrugated foil located at a first position in the axial direction. The first corrugated foil includes a first corrugated foil support end and a first corrugated foil flat section alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The second layer of corrugated foil includes a second corrugated foil also located at the first position in the axial direction. The second corrugated foil includes a second corrugated foil support end and a second corrugated foil flat section alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The second corrugated foil support end is located between the first corrugated foil support end and the top foil.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first corrugated foil flat section is connected to the bearing housing, and the second corrugated foil flat section is disposed on the side of the first corrugated foil flat section facing the top foil. The first corrugated foil support end protrudes towards the top foil relative to the first corrugated foil flat section, and the second corrugated foil support end protrudes towards the top foil relative to the second corrugated foil flat section. When the force borne by the radially inner side of the top foil is 0 or less than a first preset force, the first corrugated foil support end and the second corrugated foil support end are spaced apart, such that the minimum distance between the second corrugated foil support end and the top foil is less than the minimum distance between the first corrugated foil support end and the top foil.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first layer of corrugated foil further includes a third corrugated foil disposed at a second axial position. The third corrugated foil includes a third corrugated foil support end and a third corrugated foil flat section alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The third corrugated foil support end protrudes toward the top foil relative to the third corrugated foil flat section. The second layer of corrugated foil is not provided with corrugated foil at the second axial position. When the force borne by the radially inner side of the top foil is 0 or less than a first preset force, the minimum distance between the second corrugated foil support end and the top foil is less than the minimum distance between the third corrugated foil support end and the top foil, and the minimum distance between the third corrugated foil support end and the top foil is less than the minimum distance between the first corrugated foil support end and the top foil.

[0013] In some embodiments, in the axial direction of the bearing housing, the third corrugated foil support end is opposite to the first corrugated foil flat section, and the third corrugated foil flat section is opposite to the first corrugated foil support end.

[0014] In some embodiments, when the force on the radially inner side of the top foil is greater than a first preset force and less than a second preset force, the second wave foil support end contacts the top foil and deforms, and there is still a gap between the third wave foil support end and the top foil, and there is still a gap between the first wave foil support end and the second wave foil support end, wherein the second preset force is greater than the first preset force.

[0015] In some embodiments, when the force on the radially inner side of the top foil is greater than a second preset force and less than a third preset force, the second wave foil support end contacts the top foil and deforms, the third wave foil support end contacts the top foil and deforms, and there is still a gap between the first wave foil support end and the second wave foil support end, wherein the third preset force is greater than the second preset force.

[0016] In some embodiments, when the force on the radially inner side of the top foil is greater than a third preset force, the second wave foil support end contacts the top foil and deforms, the third wave foil support end contacts the top foil and deforms, and the first wave foil support end contacts the second wave foil support end and deforms.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first layer of corrugated foil further includes a fourth corrugated foil located at a third position in the axial direction. The fourth corrugated foil includes a fourth corrugated foil support end and a fourth corrugated foil flat section alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The second layer of corrugated foil further includes a fifth corrugated foil also located at the third position in the axial direction. The fifth corrugated foil includes a fifth corrugated foil support end and a fifth corrugated foil flat section alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The first axial position, the second axial position, and the third axial position are arranged sequentially in the axial direction. The fifth corrugated foil support end is located between the fourth corrugated foil support end and the top foil.

[0018] In some embodiments, the fourth corrugated foil flat section is connected to the bearing housing, and the fifth corrugated foil flat section is disposed on the side of the fourth corrugated foil flat section facing the top foil. The fourth corrugated foil support end protrudes relative to the fourth corrugated foil flat section towards the top foil, and the fifth corrugated foil support end protrudes relative to the fifth corrugated foil flat section towards the top foil.

[0019] When the force on the radial inner side of the top foil is 0 or less than the first preset force, the fourth wave foil support end and the fifth wave foil support end are spaced apart. At this time, the minimum distance between the fifth wave foil support end and the top foil is less than the minimum distance between the third wave foil support end and the top foil, and the minimum distance between the third wave foil support end and the top foil is less than the minimum distance between the fourth wave foil support end and the top foil.

[0020] In some embodiments, in the axial direction of the bearing housing, the fourth corrugated foil support end is opposite to the third corrugated foil flat section, and the fourth corrugated foil flat section is opposite to the third corrugated foil support end.

[0021] In some implementations, when a second preset force and a third preset force are also included:

[0022] When the force on the radial inner side of the top foil is greater than the first preset force and less than the second preset force, the fifth wave foil support end contacts the top foil and deforms, there is still a gap between the third wave foil support end and the top foil, and there is still a gap between the fourth wave foil support end and the fifth wave foil support end.

[0023] When the force on the radial inner side of the top foil is greater than the second preset force and less than the third preset force, the fifth wave foil support end contacts the top foil and deforms, the third wave foil support end contacts the top foil and deforms, and there is still a gap between the fourth wave foil support end and the fifth wave foil support end;

[0024] When the force on the radial inner side of the top foil is greater than the third preset force, the fifth wave foil support end contacts the top foil and deforms, the third wave foil support end contacts the top foil and deforms, and the fourth wave foil support end contacts the fifth wave foil support end and deforms.

[0025] In some embodiments, when the force on the radially inner side of the top foil is 0 or less than a first preset force, the minimum distance between the fifth wave foil support end and the top foil is equal to the minimum distance between the second wave foil support end and the top foil; and / or, both the first wave foil layer and the second wave foil layer are annular structures.

[0026] In some embodiments, the first corrugated foil further includes a first corrugated foil fixing end, which fixes the first, third, and fourth corrugated foils together on the same circumferential side. The second corrugated foil further includes a second corrugated foil fixing end, which fixes the second and fifth corrugated foils together on the same circumferential side. The top foil also includes a top foil flat section and a top foil fixing end, which fixes one circumferential end of the top foil flat section. The bearing housing includes a bearing housing body and a bearing slot disposed on the bearing housing body. The first corrugated foil fixing end, the second corrugated foil fixing end, and the top foil fixing end are integrally fixed into the bearing slot.

[0027] The present invention also provides an electric motor comprising the aforementioned adaptive radial gas bearing.

[0028] The adaptive radial gas bearing and motor provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. This invention, by setting a first layer and a second layer of corrugated foil between the bearing housing and the top foil, and with the second corrugated foil support end of the second layer located between the first corrugated foil support end of the first layer and the top foil, can form a double-layer corrugated foil support structure for the top foil at the first axial position of the bearing housing. The double-layer corrugated foil structure effectively increases the bearing stiffness, preventing large deformation, especially under heavy loads at the first axial position, which could lead to bearing failure. This improves the bearing stiffness and load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, this invention, by setting a third corrugated foil at the second axial position, and with the minimum distance between the third corrugated foil support end and the top foil being greater than the minimum distance between the second corrugated foil support end and the top foil when the third corrugated foil support end is not under force or the force is less than a first preset force, allows the high-level arched foil at both ends to have low stiffness and large deformation, while the third corrugated foil support end in the middle has high support stiffness and small deformation. The third corrugated foil support end provides effective elastic support for the top foil, effectively preventing severe wear caused by small air film gaps at both ends, adjusting the axial stiffness of the foil, coordinating bearing deformation, improving the bearing's impact resistance, and preventing bearing wear.

[0030] 2. Furthermore, the height of the third wave foil support end located in the middle section of the present invention is less than the height of the second and fifth wave foil support ends (the height of the high-layer wave foil support ends) at both ends, which can form a larger gas film thickness in the middle section, forming a structure with a small gas film thickness at both ends and a large gas film thickness in the middle. The middle gas film effectively supports the top foil, and the small gas film thickness at both ends effectively prevents gas leakage from both ends, improves the phenomenon of gas leakage at both ends, and improves the bearing load-bearing performance.

[0031] 3. The height of the third corrugated foil support end in the axial middle section of this invention is less than the height of the second and fifth corrugated foil support ends at both ends (the height of the high-layer corrugated foil support ends), but greater than the height of the first and fourth corrugated foil support ends at both ends (the height of the low-layer corrugated foil support ends). This allows the top foil to be supported by gas first, then by the deformation of the second and fifth corrugated foil support ends combined with gas support, then by the deformation of the second and fifth corrugated foil support ends combined with the deformation of the third corrugated foil support end in the axial middle section combined with gas support, and finally by the deformation of the second and fifth corrugated foil support ends combined with the deformation of the third corrugated foil support end in the axial middle section combined with gas support, and finally by the deformation of the second and fifth corrugated foil support ends combined with the deformation of the third corrugated foil support end in the axial middle section combined with the deformation of the first and fourth corrugated foil support ends combined with gas support. This allows for adaptive support using appropriate corrugated foils according to different loads, providing sufficient elastic deformation, reducing wear, preventing excessive deformation, improving load-bearing performance, and enhancing the versatility of the bearing. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of background technology 1;

[0033] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 101, shaft; 102, bearing; 103, high-pressure air film.

[0034] Figure 2 The structure of background technology 2 Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0036] Figure 2-3 The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Bearing housing; 2. Top foil; 3. Corrugated foil group; 31. High arch foil; 32. Low arch foil.

[0037] Figure 4 This is an axial structural diagram of the adaptive radial gas bearing of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged views of the corrugated foil structure at the first and second axial positions;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the bearing housing of the adaptive radial gas bearing of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first layer of corrugated foil in the adaptive radial gas bearing of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second layer of corrugated foil in the adaptive radial gas bearing of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the top foil of the adaptive radial gas bearing of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4-9 The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0044] 1. Bearing housing; 1-1. Bearing housing body; 1-2. Bearing slot; 2. First corrugated foil; 2-1. Fixed end of first corrugated foil; 201. First corrugated foil; 2-21. Support end of first corrugated foil; 2-22. Flat section of first corrugated foil; 203. Third corrugated foil; 2-31. Support end of third corrugated foil; 2-32. Flat section of third corrugated foil; 204. Fourth corrugated foil; 2-41. Support end of fourth corrugated foil; 2-42. Flat section of fourth corrugated foil; 3. Second corrugated foil; 3-1. Fixed end of second corrugated foil; 301. Second corrugated foil; 3-21. Support end of second corrugated foil; 3-22. Flat section of second corrugated foil; 302. Fifth corrugated foil; 3-31. Support end of fifth corrugated foil; 3-32. Flat section of fifth corrugated foil; 4. Top foil; 4-1. Fixed end of top foil; 4-2. Flat section of top foil; 5. Pin. Detailed Implementation

[0045] like Figure 4-9 As shown, the present invention provides an adaptive radial gas bearing, which includes:

[0046] The bearing housing 1, the top foil 4 (also commonly referred to as flat foil), the first layer of corrugated foil 2 and the second layer of corrugated foil 3 are both disposed between the bearing housing 1 and the top foil 4, and the second layer of corrugated foil 3 is disposed between the first layer of corrugated foil 2 and the top foil 4.

[0047] The first layer of corrugated foil 2 includes a first corrugated foil 201 located at a first position in the axial direction. The first corrugated foil 201 includes a first corrugated foil support end 2-21 and a first corrugated foil flat section 2-22 alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The second layer of corrugated foil 3 includes a second corrugated foil 301 also located at the first position in the axial direction. The second corrugated foil 301 includes a second corrugated foil support end 3-21 and a second corrugated foil flat section 3-22 alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The second corrugated foil support end 3-21 is located between the first corrugated foil support end 2-21 and the top foil 4.

[0048] This invention provides a double-layer corrugated foil support structure for the top foil at the axial first position of the bearing housing by setting a first layer and a second layer of corrugated foil between the bearing housing and the top foil, with the second corrugated foil support end of the second layer located between the first corrugated foil support end of the first layer and the top foil. The double-layer corrugated foil structure can effectively increase the stiffness of the bearing, prevent large deformation, especially under large loads at the axial first position, which could lead to bearing failure, and improve the bearing stiffness and load-bearing performance.

[0049] This invention provides an adaptive radial gas bearing and motor structure, which can improve the consistency of the bearing's circumferential support stiffness, enhance the bearing's support stiffness, load-bearing capacity, and operational stability, solve the problems of low support stiffness and easy wear in existing radial foil gas hydrodynamic bearings, and coordinate the axial deformation of the radial bearing under different load conditions.

[0050] The inventive point of this invention is:

[0051] 1. The double-layer corrugated foil structure increases the stiffness and damping of the bearing. The gas film thickness is small on both sides and large in the middle, which effectively improves the gas end leakage phenomenon and improves the bearing load performance (this effect is achieved under both light and heavy loads). This application increases the damping by using the third corrugated foil support end 2-31 and the second corrugated foil support end 3-21 to prevent excessive slippage to both sides and prevent or reduce wear.

[0052] 2. This invention adopts a three-section arch foil structure. The arch foils are staggered and have different heights. The arch foils on both sides of the axis have low support stiffness and large deformation, while the arch foils in the middle area have high support stiffness and small deformation (the function is to prevent the middle air gap from being too large and to prevent wear caused by the small air film gap at both ends). Adjusting the axial stiffness of the foils coordinates the bearing deformation, improves the bearing's impact resistance, and avoids bearing wear.

[0053] 3. The radial bearing of this invention is divided into three sections along the axial direction. The two ends of the axial section have a structure of two layers of arch foil + one layer of top foil, and the middle section has a structure of one layer of arch foil + one layer of top foil. The height of the arch foil in the middle section is greater than the height of the lower arch foil at both ends, but less than the height of the upper arch foil at both ends; this allows it to provide different and required load-bearing capacities as the load increases, thereby improving load-bearing performance and enhancing the versatility of the bearing.

[0054] In some embodiments, the first corrugated foil flat section 2-22 is connected to the bearing seat 1, and the second corrugated foil flat section 3-22 is disposed on the side of the first corrugated foil flat section 2-22 facing the top foil 4. The first corrugated foil support end 2-21 protrudes towards the top foil 4 relative to the first corrugated foil flat section 2-22, and the second corrugated foil support end 3-21 protrudes towards the top foil 4 relative to the second corrugated foil flat section 3-22. When the force borne by the radially inner side of the top foil 4 is 0 or less than a first preset force, the first corrugated foil support end 2-21 and the second corrugated foil support end 3-21 are spaced apart, such that the minimum distance between the second corrugated foil support end 3-21 and the top foil 4 is less than the minimum distance between the first corrugated foil support end 2-21 and the top foil 4.

[0055] This is the preferred connection and positional relationship between the first and second wave foils of the present invention. The flat section of the first wave foil is connected to the bearing seat, and the flat section of the second wave foil is disposed on the flat section of the first wave foil, such that the formed second wave foil support end is located between the first wave foil support end and the top foil. When the top foil is not under force or is under a small force, the first preset force is greater than 0, and the second wave foil support end does not deform or deforms only slightly. A gap is formed between the second wave foil support end and the first wave foil support end, so that gas can be contained in this gap to form a gas film to support the second wave foil support end, forming a double support structure. This improves the support capacity for the top foil and even the rotating shaft. Furthermore, according to the increase of the force, the second wave foil support end deforms downward and can contact the first wave foil support end, thereby triggering the deformation of the first wave foil support end. Thus, different sizes of elastic support force can be applied according to the load, making it suitable for working conditions with larger loads and higher speeds.

[0056] In some embodiments, the first layer of corrugated foil 2 further includes a third corrugated foil 203 disposed at a second position in the axial direction. The third corrugated foil 203 includes a third corrugated foil support end 2-31 and a third corrugated foil flat section 2-32 alternately disposed in the circumferential direction. The third corrugated foil support end 2-31 protrudes toward the top foil 4 relative to the third corrugated foil flat section 2-32. The second layer of corrugated foil 3 is not provided with corrugated foil at the second position in the axial direction. When the force borne by the radially inner side of the top foil 4 is 0 or less than a first preset force, the minimum distance between the second corrugated foil support end 3-21 and the top foil 4 is less than the minimum distance between the third corrugated foil support end 2-31 and the top foil 4, and the minimum distance between the third corrugated foil support end 2-31 and the top foil 4 is less than the minimum distance between the first corrugated foil support end 2-21 and the top foil 4.

[0057] The present invention also provides a third wave foil at the second axial position, wherein the minimum distance between the third wave foil support end and the top foil is greater than the minimum distance between the second support wave foil support end and the top foil when the third wave foil support end is not under force or the force is less than the first preset force. This allows the stiffness of the high-rise arch foil at both ends to be small and the deformation to be large, while the support end of the third wave foil in the middle has a large support stiffness and small deformation. The third wave foil support end provides effective elastic support to the top foil, effectively preventing the situation where the air film gap at both ends is small and the wear is severe. It also adjusts the axial stiffness of the foil, coordinates the bearing deformation, improves the bearing's impact resistance, and avoids bearing wear.

[0058] Furthermore, the height of the third wave foil support end located in the middle section of the present invention is less than the height of the second and fifth wave foil support ends (the height of the high-layer wave foil support ends) at both ends. This allows for the formation of a thicker gas film in the middle section, resulting in a structure with a small gas film thickness at both ends and a large gas film thickness in the middle. The middle gas film effectively supports the top foil, and the small gas film thickness at both ends effectively prevents gas leakage from both ends, improving the gas leakage phenomenon and enhancing the bearing load-bearing performance.

[0059] The height of the third corrugated foil support end in the axial middle section of this invention is less than the height of the second corrugated foil support ends at both ends (the height of the high-layer corrugated foil support ends), but greater than the height of the first corrugated foil support ends at both ends (the height of the low-layer corrugated foil support ends). This allows the top foil to be supported by gas first, then by the deformation of the second corrugated foil support end, then by the deformation of the second corrugated foil support end plus the deformation of the third corrugated foil support end in the axial middle section plus gas, and finally by the deformation of the second corrugated foil support end plus the deformation of the third corrugated foil support end in the axial middle section plus the deformation of the first corrugated foil support end plus gas, according to different loads. This allows for adaptive support using appropriate corrugated foils, providing sufficient elastic deformation, reducing wear, preventing excessive deformation, improving load-bearing performance, and enhancing the versatility of the bearing.

[0060] In some embodiments, in the axial direction of the bearing housing 1, the third corrugated foil support end 2-31 is opposite to the first corrugated foil flat section 2-22, and the third corrugated foil flat section 2-32 is opposite to the first corrugated foil support end 2-21. This is the preferred positional relationship between the third corrugated foil and the first corrugated foil in the present invention. By staggering the third corrugated foil support end and the first corrugated foil support end in the circumferential direction, effective support can be provided for different axial and circumferential positions of the top foil, improving the support effect for the top foil and even the rotating shaft.

[0061] In some embodiments, when the force on the radially inner side of the top foil 4 is greater than a first preset force and less than a second preset force, the second wave foil support end 3-21 contacts the top foil 4 and deforms, while a gap still exists between the third wave foil support end 2-31 and the top foil 4, and a gap still exists between the first wave foil support end 2-21 and the second wave foil support end 3-21, wherein the second preset force is greater than the first preset force. In this invention, when the force on the top foil gradually increases, the second wave foil support end deforms but fails to contact the first wave foil support end, and an air film still exists between them for support. Furthermore, the third wave foil support end does not deform or deforms only slightly, and an air film exists between the third wave foil support end and the top foil, which supports the top foil.

[0062] In some embodiments, when the force on the radially inner side of the top foil 4 is greater than a second preset force and less than a third preset force, the second wave foil support end 3-21 contacts and deforms with the top foil 4, and the third wave foil support end 2-31 contacts and deforms with the top foil 4. A gap still exists between the second wave foil support end 3-21 and the first wave foil support end 2-21, wherein the third preset force is greater than the second preset force. In this invention, when the force on the top foil further increases to greater than the second preset force, the second wave foil support end deforms but fails to form contact with the first wave foil support end; an air film still exists between them for support. However, at this time, the top foil deforms downwards and contacts the third wave foil support end. The deformation of the third wave foil support end supports the top foil. At this time, the deformation of the second and third wave foil support ends, as well as the air film between the first and second wave foil support ends, supports the top foil, and the deformation of the third wave foil support end provides a further increased supporting force.

[0063] In some embodiments, when the force on the radially inner side of the top foil 4 is greater than the third preset force, the second wave foil support end 3-21 contacts the top foil 4 and deforms, the third wave foil support end 2-31 contacts the top foil 4 and deforms, and the first wave foil support end 2-21 contacts the second wave foil support end 3-21 and deforms.

[0064] When the force on the top foil further increases to a level greater than the third preset force, the second wave foil support end deforms and comes into contact with the first wave foil support end. The two deform together to support the top foil, and the third wave foil support end further deforms to support the top foil. At this time, the top foil is supported by the joint deformation of the first, second and third wave foil support ends, and the deformation of the first wave foil support end can provide a further increased support force.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first layer of corrugated foil 2 further includes a fourth corrugated foil 204 located at a third position in the axial direction. The fourth corrugated foil 204 includes a fourth corrugated foil support end 2-41 and a fourth corrugated foil flat section 2-42 alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The second layer of corrugated foil 3 further includes a fifth corrugated foil 302 also located at the third position in the axial direction. The fifth corrugated foil 302 includes a fifth corrugated foil support end 3-31 and a fifth corrugated foil flat section 3-32 alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The first axial position, the second axial position, and the third axial position are arranged sequentially in the axial direction. The fifth corrugated foil support end 3-31 is located between the fourth corrugated foil support end 2-41 and the top foil 4.

[0066] The present invention also provides a fourth and a fifth corrugated foil at the third axial end, which can provide almost the same support to both ends of the third corrugated foil. The third axial end also forms a double-layer supported corrugated foil structure, which can effectively increase the stiffness of the bearing and prevent large deformation, especially under heavy load at the third axial position, from causing bearing failure. This further improves the stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the bearing.

[0067] In some embodiments, the fourth corrugated foil flat section 2-42 is connected to the bearing housing 1, and the fifth corrugated foil flat section 3-32 is disposed on the side of the fourth corrugated foil flat section 2-42 facing the top foil 4. The fourth corrugated foil support end 2-41 protrudes towards the top foil 4 relative to the fourth corrugated foil flat section 2-42, and the fifth corrugated foil support end 3-31 protrudes towards the top foil 4 relative to the fifth corrugated foil flat section 3-32.

[0068] When the force on the radial inner side of the top foil 4 is 0 or less than the first preset force, the fourth wave foil support end 2-41 and the fifth wave foil support end 3-31 are spaced apart. At this time, the minimum distance between the fifth wave foil support end 3-31 and the top foil 4 is less than the minimum distance between the third wave foil support end 2-31 and the top foil 4, and the minimum distance between the third wave foil support end 2-31 and the top foil 4 is less than the minimum distance between the fourth wave foil support end 2-41 and the top foil 4.

[0069] The present invention also uses a fourth and fifth wave foil set at the third position in the axial direction. When the third wave foil support end is not under force or the force is less than the first preset force, the minimum distance between the third wave foil support end and the top foil is greater than the minimum distance between the fifth support wave foil support end and the top foil. This allows the stiffness of the high-rise arch foil at both ends to be small and the deformation to be large, while the support end of the third wave foil in the middle has a large support stiffness and a small deformation. The support end of the third wave foil provides effective elastic support for the top foil, effectively preventing the situation where the air film gap at both ends is small and the wear is severe. It also adjusts the axial stiffness of the foil, coordinates the bearing deformation, improves the impact resistance of the bearing, and avoids bearing wear.

[0070] Furthermore, the height of the third wave foil support end located in the middle section of the present invention is less than the height of the second and fifth wave foil support ends (the height of the high-layer wave foil support ends) at both ends. This allows for the formation of a thicker gas film in the middle section, resulting in a structure with a small gas film thickness at both ends and a large gas film thickness in the middle. The middle gas film effectively supports the top foil, and the small gas film thickness at both ends effectively prevents gas leakage from both ends, improving the gas leakage phenomenon and enhancing the bearing load-bearing performance.

[0071] The height of the third corrugated foil support end in the axial middle section of this invention is less than the height of the second and fifth corrugated foil support ends at both ends (the height of the high-layer corrugated foil support ends), but greater than the height of the first and fourth corrugated foil support ends at both ends (the height of the low-layer corrugated foil support ends). This allows the top foil to be supported by gas first, then by the deformation of the second and fifth corrugated foil support ends combined with gas support, then by the deformation of the second and fifth corrugated foil support ends combined with the deformation of the third corrugated foil support end in the axial middle section combined with gas support, and finally by the deformation of the second and fifth corrugated foil support ends combined with the deformation of the third corrugated foil support end in the axial middle section combined with the deformation of the first and fourth corrugated foil support ends combined with gas support, according to different loads. This allows for adaptive support using appropriate corrugated foils, providing sufficient elastic deformation, reducing wear, preventing excessive deformation, improving load-bearing performance, and enhancing the versatility of the bearing.

[0072] In some embodiments, in the axial direction of the bearing housing 1, the fourth corrugated foil support end 2-41 is opposite to the third corrugated foil flat section 2-32, and the fourth corrugated foil flat section 2-42 is opposite to the third corrugated foil support end 2-31. This is the preferred positional relationship between the fourth and third corrugated foils of the present invention. By staggering the fourth and third corrugated foil support ends in the circumferential direction, effective support can be provided for different axial and circumferential positions of the top foil, improving the support effect for the top foil and even the rotating shaft.

[0073] In some implementations, when a second preset force and a third preset force are also included:

[0074] When the force on the radial inner side of the top foil 4 is greater than the first preset force and less than the second preset force, the fifth wave foil support end 3-31 contacts the top foil 4 and deforms. There is still a gap between the third wave foil support end 2-31 and the top foil 4, and there is still a gap between the fourth wave foil support end 2-41 and the fifth wave foil support end 3-31.

[0075] When the force on the radial inner side of the top foil 4 is greater than the second preset force and less than the third preset force, the fifth wave foil support end 3-31 contacts the top foil 4 and deforms, the third wave foil support end 2-31 contacts the top foil 4 and deforms, and there is still a gap between the fourth wave foil support end 2-41 and the fifth wave foil support end 3-31.

[0076] When the force on the radial inner side of the top foil 4 is greater than the third preset force, the fifth wave foil support end 3-31 contacts the top foil 4 and deforms, the third wave foil support end 2-31 contacts the top foil 4 and deforms, and the fourth wave foil support end 2-41 contacts the fifth wave foil support end 3-31 and deforms.

[0077] When the force on the top foil gradually increases to a level greater than the first preset force, the second and fifth wave foil support ends deform but fail to make contact with the first and fourth wave foil support ends. An air film still exists between them for support. At this time, the third wave foil support end does not deform or deforms only slightly. An air film exists between the third wave foil support end and the top foil, and the top foil is supported by the air film at this point.

[0078] When the force on the top foil increases further to exceed the second preset force, the second and fifth wave foil support ends deform but fail to make contact with the first and fourth wave foil support ends. An air film still exists between them for support. However, at this time, the top foil deforms downward and makes contact with the third wave foil support end. The deformation of the third wave foil support end supports the top foil. At this time, the deformation of the second, fifth, and third wave foil support ends, as well as the air film between the first and second wave foil support ends and the air film between the fourth and fifth wave foil support ends, support the top foil. The deformation of the third wave foil support end can provide a further increased support force.

[0079] When the force on the top foil further increases to greater than the third preset force, the second and fifth wave foil support ends deform and come into contact with the first and fourth wave foil support ends, respectively. The two together deform to support the top foil, and the third wave foil support end further deforms to support the top foil. At this time, the top foil is supported by the joint deformation of the first, second and third, fourth and fifth wave foil support ends, and the deformation of the first and fourth wave foil support ends can provide a further increased support force.

[0080] In some embodiments, when the force borne radially inward on the top foil 4 is 0 or less than a first preset force, the minimum distance between the fifth wave foil support end 3-31 and the top foil 4 is equal to the minimum distance between the second wave foil support end 3-21 and the top foil 4; and / or, both the first layer of wave foil 2 and the second layer of wave foil 3 are annular structures. This is the preferred relationship between the fifth wave foil support end and the second wave foil support end of the present invention, that is, their structures are preferably equal and the minimum distance between them and the top foil is equal, which can provide almost equal bearing capacity at both ends of the third wave foil in the axial direction, reduce end leakage, form an adaptive bearing, provide the required bearing capacity according to the change of load such as rotational speed, and improve versatility; the first and second layers of wave foil are preferably annular structures to improve the bearing capacity in the circumferential direction of the top foil.

[0081] In some embodiments, the first corrugated foil 2 further includes a first corrugated foil fixing end 2-1, which fixes the first corrugated foil 201, the third corrugated foil 203, and the fourth corrugated foil 204 together on the same circumferential side. The second corrugated foil 3 further includes a second corrugated foil fixing end 3-1, which fixes the second corrugated foil 301 and the fifth corrugated foil 302 together on the same circumferential side. The top foil 4 also includes a top foil flat section 4-2 and a top foil fixing end 4-1, which fixes one circumferential end of the top foil flat section 4-2. The bearing seat 1 includes a bearing seat body 1-1 and a bearing groove 1-2 disposed on the bearing seat body 1-1. The first corrugated foil fixing end 2-1, the second corrugated foil fixing end 3-1, and the top foil fixing end 4-1 are integrally fixed into the bearing groove 1-2.

[0082] The present invention also enables the first layer of corrugated foil, the second layer of corrugated foil, and the top foil to be fixed onto the bearing seat by the arrangement of the first layer of corrugated foil fixing end, the second layer of corrugated foil, and the top foil fixing end. Furthermore, the bearing slots of the present invention preferably consist of three parts, such as... Figure 4 As shown, there are three layers of corrugated foil, three layers of corrugated foil, and three top foils, evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. This improves the load-bearing capacity of the rotating shaft.

[0083] The first layer of corrugated foil 2 adopts a three-section structure along the bearing axis, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the bearing includes a first-layer corrugated foil fixing end 2-1, a first-layer corrugated foil support end 2-21, a third-layer corrugated foil support end 2-31, and a fourth-layer corrugated foil support end 2-41, as well as first-layer corrugated foil flat sections 2-22, third-layer corrugated foil flat sections 2-32, and fourth-layer corrugated foil flat sections 2-42. The first-layer corrugated foil fixing end 2-1 is placed in the bearing slot, and the radially outer surfaces of the first-layer corrugated foil flat sections 2-22, third-layer corrugated foil flat sections 2-32, and fourth-layer corrugated foil flat sections 2-42 are attached to the inner wall of the bearing housing 1. The arch height, pitch, and flat section parameters of each arch at the first wave foil support end 2-21 and the fourth wave foil support end 2-41 are the same, meaning that the first layer of wave foil in the foil gas radial bearing has the same axial support stiffness at both ends. The pitch and flat section parameters of each arch at the first wave foil support end 2-21, the fourth wave foil support end 2-41, and the third wave foil support end 2-31 are the same. The arch height parameters of the first wave foil support end 2-21 and the fourth wave foil support end 2-41 are slightly lower than those of the third wave foil support end 2-31 (i.e., the minimum distance between the first and fourth wave foil support ends and the flat foil is greater than the minimum distance between the third wave foil support end and the flat foil). Therefore, the support stiffness of the first wave foil support end 2-21 and the fourth wave foil support end 2-41 is small and the deformation is large, while the support stiffness of the third wave foil support end 2-31 is large and the deformation is small.

[0084] The second layer of corrugated foil 3 adopts a three-section structure along the axial direction, with no corrugated foil structure in the middle section, such as... Figure 8 As shown, it includes a second-layer corrugated foil fixing end 3-1, a second-layer corrugated foil support end 3-21, a fifth-layer corrugated foil support end 3-31, a second-layer corrugated foil flat section 3-22, and a fifth-layer corrugated foil flat section 3-32. The second-layer corrugated foil fixing end 3-1 is placed in the bearing slot and is tightly fitted with the first-layer corrugated foil fixing end 2-1. The radially outer surfaces of the second-layer corrugated foil flat section 3-22 and the fifth-layer corrugated foil flat section 3-32 are respectively fitted with the radially inner surfaces of the first-layer corrugated foil flat section 2-22 and the fourth-layer corrugated foil flat section 2-42. The arch height, pitch, and flat section parameters of each arch at the second-wave foil support end 3-21 and the fifth-wave foil support end 3-31 are the same, meaning that the second layer of foil in the foil gas radial bearing has the same axial support stiffness at both ends. The arch height values ​​of the second-wave foil support end 3-21 and the fifth-wave foil support end 3-31 are slightly lower than those of the third-wave foil support end 2-31 (i.e., the minimum distance between the second and fifth-wave foil support ends and the flat foil is less than the minimum distance between the third-wave foil support end and the flat foil, respectively). Therefore, the support stiffness of the second-wave foil support end 3-21 and the fifth-wave foil support end 3-31 is smaller and the deformation is larger than that of the third-wave foil support end 2-31. The arch height values ​​of the second-wave foil support end 3-21 and the fifth-wave foil support end 3-31 are slightly higher than those of the first-wave foil support end 2-21 and the fourth-wave foil support end 2-41. Therefore, the support stiffness of the second-wave foil support end 3-21 and the fifth-wave foil support end 3-31 is smaller and the deformation is larger than that of the first-wave foil support end 2-21 and the fourth-wave foil support end 2-41. The double-layer corrugated foil structure increases the contact area between the foils, thereby increasing the bearing damping.

[0085] The top foil 4 structure of the present invention is as follows Figure 9 As shown, it includes a top foil fixing end 4-1 and a top foil flat section 4-2. The top foil fixing end 4-1 is placed in the bearing slot and is tightly fitted with the second layer corrugated foil fixing end 3-1. The radially outer surface of the top foil flat section 4-2 is in contact with the second corrugated foil support end 3-21 and the fifth corrugated foil support end 3-31, respectively. There is a small gap between the top foil flat section 4-2 and the third corrugated foil support end 2-31, supported by the first and second layers of corrugated foil. Spraying a high-temperature resistant lubricating coating on the surface of the top foil 4 can improve the bearing's friction-reducing and wear-resistant properties and extend the bearing's service life.

[0086] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0087] In the foil radial gas hydrodynamic bearing, during operation, the shaft undergoes eccentric motion during high-speed rotation, forming a wedge-shaped region. Gas enters this wedge-shaped region and, after compression, forms a high-pressure lubricating gas film, providing load-bearing capacity for the bearing-shaft system and ensuring stable shaft operation. Under light load conditions, because the third-wave foil support end 2-31 has no direct contact with the top foil flat section 4-2, while the second-wave foil support end 3-21 and the fifth-wave foil support end 3-31 are in direct contact with the top foil flat section 4-2, the bearing has high stiffness and small deformation at both axial ends, and low stiffness and large deformation in the middle. This facilitates gas accumulation in the middle of the bearing, reduces high-pressure gas leakage, and increases the bearing's load-bearing capacity. Under rated load conditions, the top foil contacts the second-wave foil support end 3-21 and the fifth-wave foil support end 3-31, as well as the third-wave foil support end 2-31. The fifth foil support end 3-31 undergoes elastic deformation (the second foil support end 3-21 and the first foil support end 2-21 are not in contact, allowing for gradual load bearing, suitable for varying loads and improving versatility). Under heavy load conditions, the top foil contacts the second foil support end 3-21, the fifth foil support end 3-31, and the third foil support end 2-31, and the first foil layer contacts the second foil layer. This means that the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth foil support ends all undergo elastic deformation, maximizing bearing stiffness and minimizing foil deformation, effectively preventing bearing wear. This bearing exhibits a stepped stiffness variation under different load conditions, improving its adaptability, wear resistance, and impact resistance.

[0088] Therefore, the adaptive radial gas bearing of the present invention can achieve the effect of increasing bearing stiffness as the load increases, with the gas gap being small at both ends and large in the middle to prevent end leakage.

[0089] The present invention also provides an electric motor comprising the aforementioned adaptive radial gas bearing.

[0090] This invention proposes an adaptive foil radial gas dynamic bearing and motor, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the bearing housing consists of: a bearing housing 1, a first layer of corrugated foil 2, a second layer of corrugated foil 3, a top layer of foil (i.e., top foil 4), and a pin 5. The radial gas dynamic bearing is divided into three equal arcs along its circumferential direction. Each arc segment has a first layer of corrugated foil 2, a second layer of corrugated foil 3, a top foil 4, and a pin 5. The bearing housing 1 is the main structure of the bearing, primarily functioning to assemble, protect, and secure the bearing. Figure 6 As shown, it includes a bearing housing body 1-1, bearing slots 1-2, and pin holes. Three slots and pin holes are arranged circumferentially on the bearing housing to fix the support foil and top foil, and to prevent the foil from moving circumferentially and axially.

[0091] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive radial gas bearing, characterized in that: include: Bearing housing (1), top foil (4), first layer corrugated foil (2) and second layer corrugated foil (3), the first layer corrugated foil (2) and the second layer corrugated foil (3) are both disposed between the bearing housing (1) and the top foil (4), and the second layer corrugated foil (3) is disposed between the first layer corrugated foil (2) and the top foil (4); The first layer of corrugated foil (2) includes a first corrugated foil (201) located at a first position in the axial direction. The first corrugated foil (201) includes a first corrugated foil support end (2-21) and a first corrugated foil flat section (2-22) alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The second layer of corrugated foil (3) includes a second corrugated foil (301) also located at the first position in the axial direction. The second corrugated foil (301) includes a second corrugated foil support end (3-21) and a second corrugated foil flat section (3-22) alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The second corrugated foil support end (3-21) is located between the first corrugated foil support end (2-21) and the top foil (4). The first layer of corrugated foil (2) further includes a third corrugated foil (203) disposed at the second position in the axial direction. The third corrugated foil (203) includes a third corrugated foil support end (2-31) and a third corrugated foil flat section (2-32) alternately disposed in the circumferential direction. The third corrugated foil support end (2-31) protrudes toward the top foil (4) relative to the third corrugated foil flat section (2-32). The second layer of corrugated foil (3) does not have a corrugated foil disposed at the second position in the axial direction. When the force borne by the radial inner side of the top foil (4) is 0 or less than the first preset force, the minimum distance between the second corrugated foil support end (3-21) and the top foil (4) is less than the minimum distance between the third corrugated foil support end (2-31) and the top foil (4).

2. The adaptive radial gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first corrugated foil flat section (2-22) is connected to the bearing seat (1), and the second corrugated foil flat section (3-22) is disposed on the side of the first corrugated foil flat section (2-22) facing the top foil (4). The first corrugated foil support end (2-21) protrudes towards the top foil (4) relative to the first corrugated foil flat section (2-22), and the second corrugated foil support end (3-21) protrudes towards the top foil (4) relative to the second corrugated foil flat section (3-22). When the force on the radial inner side of the top foil (4) is 0 or less than the first preset force, the first corrugated foil support end (2-21) and the second corrugated foil support end (3-21) are spaced apart, so that the minimum distance between the second corrugated foil support end (3-21) and the top foil (4) is less than the minimum distance between the first corrugated foil support end (2-21) and the top foil (4).

3. The adaptive radial gas bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The minimum distance between the third wave foil support end (2-31) and the top foil (4) is less than the minimum distance between the first wave foil support end (2-21) and the top foil (4).

4. The adaptive radial gas bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the axial direction of the bearing housing (1), the third wave foil support end (2-31) is opposite to the first wave foil flat section (2-22), and the third wave foil flat section (2-32) is opposite to the first wave foil support end (2-21).

5. The adaptive radial gas bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the force on the radial inner side of the top foil (4) is greater than the first preset force and less than the second preset force, the second wave foil support end (3-21) contacts the top foil (4) and deforms. There is still a gap between the third wave foil support end (2-31) and the top foil (4), and there is still a gap between the second wave foil support end (3-21) and the first wave foil support end (2-21). The second preset force is greater than the first preset force.

6. The adaptive radial gas bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the force on the radial inner side of the top foil (4) is greater than the second preset force and less than the third preset force, the second wave foil support end (3-21) contacts the top foil (4) and deforms, the third wave foil support end (2-31) contacts the top foil (4) and deforms, and there is still a gap between the second wave foil support end (3-21) and the first wave foil support end (2-21), wherein the third preset force is greater than the second preset force.

7. The adaptive radial gas bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the force on the radial inner side of the top foil (4) is greater than the third preset force, the second wave foil support end (3-21) contacts the top foil (4) and deforms, the third wave foil support end (2-31) contacts the top foil (4) and deforms, and the first wave foil support end (2-21) contacts the second wave foil support end (3-21) and deforms.

8. The adaptive radial gas bearing according to any one of claims 3-7, characterized in that: The first layer of corrugated foil (2) further includes a fourth corrugated foil (204) located at the third position in the axial direction. The fourth corrugated foil (204) includes a fourth corrugated foil support end (2-41) and a fourth corrugated foil flat section (2-42) arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. The second layer of corrugated foil (3) further includes a fifth corrugated foil (302) also located at the third position in the axial direction. The fifth corrugated foil (302) includes a fifth corrugated foil support end (3-31) and a fifth corrugated foil flat section (3-32) arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. The first position in the axial direction, the second position in the axial direction, and the third position in the axial direction are arranged sequentially in the axial direction. The fifth corrugated foil support end (3-31) is located between the fourth corrugated foil support end (2-41) and the top foil (4).

9. The adaptive radial gas bearing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fourth wave foil flat section (2-42) is connected to the bearing seat (1), and the fifth wave foil flat section (3-32) is disposed on the side of the fourth wave foil flat section (2-42) facing the top foil (4). The fourth wave foil support end (2-41) protrudes towards the top foil (4) relative to the fourth wave foil flat section (2-42), and the fifth wave foil support end (3-31) protrudes towards the top foil (4) relative to the fifth wave foil flat section (3-32). When the force on the radial inner side of the top foil (4) is 0 or less than the first preset force, the fourth wave foil support end (2-41) and the fifth wave foil support end (3-31) are spaced apart. At this time, the minimum distance between the fifth wave foil support end (3-31) and the top foil (4) is less than the minimum distance between the third wave foil support end (2-31) and the top foil (4), and the minimum distance between the third wave foil support end (2-31) and the top foil (4) is less than the minimum distance between the fourth wave foil support end (2-41) and the top foil (4).

10. The adaptive radial gas bearing according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the axial direction of the bearing housing (1), the fourth wave foil support end (2-41) is opposite to the third wave foil flat section (2-32), and the fourth wave foil flat section (2-42) is opposite to the third wave foil support end (2-31).

11. The adaptive radial gas bearing according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the second preset force and the third preset force are also included: When the force on the radial inner side of the top foil (4) is greater than the first preset force and less than the second preset force, the fifth wave foil support end (3-31) contacts the top foil (4) and deforms. There is still a gap between the third wave foil support end (2-31) and the top foil (4), and there is still a gap between the fourth wave foil support end (2-41) and the fifth wave foil support end (3-31). When the force on the radial inner side of the top foil (4) is greater than the second preset force and less than the third preset force, the fifth wave foil support end (3-31) contacts the top foil (4) and deforms, the third wave foil support end (2-31) contacts the top foil (4) and deforms, and there is still a gap between the fourth wave foil support end (2-41) and the fifth wave foil support end (3-31); When the force on the radial inner side of the top foil (4) is greater than the third preset force, the fifth wave foil support end (3-31) contacts the top foil (4) and deforms, the third wave foil support end (2-31) contacts the top foil (4) and deforms, and the fourth wave foil support end (2-41) contacts the fifth wave foil support end (3-31) and deforms.

12. The adaptive radial gas bearing according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the force on the radial inner side of the top foil (4) is 0 or less than the first preset force, the minimum distance between the fifth wave foil support end (3-31) and the top foil (4) is equal to the minimum distance between the second wave foil support end (3-21) and the top foil (4); and / or, the first layer wave foil (2) and the second layer wave foil (3) are both annular structures.

13. The adaptive radial gas bearing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first layer of corrugated foil (2) further includes a first layer of corrugated foil fixing end (2-1), which fixes the first corrugated foil (201), the third corrugated foil (203), and the fourth corrugated foil (204) together on the same circumferential side. The second layer of corrugated foil (3) further includes a second layer of corrugated foil fixing end (3-1), which fixes the second corrugated foil (301) and the fifth corrugated foil (302) together on the same circumferential side. The top foil ( 4) It also includes a top foil flat section (4-2) and a top foil fixing end (4-1). The top foil fixing end (4-1) fixes one circumferential end of the top foil flat section (4-2). The bearing seat (1) includes a bearing seat body (1-1) and a bearing slot (1-2) provided on the bearing seat body (1-1). The first layer corrugated foil fixing end (2-1), the second layer corrugated foil fixing end (3-1) and the top foil fixing end (4-1) are integrally fixed into the bearing slot (1-2).

14. An electric motor, characterized in that: Includes the adaptive radial gas bearing according to any one of claims 1-13.

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