Broadband multi-beam selection receiving module and electronic reconnaissance system
By using a wideband multi-beam selective receiver module, combined with an RF front-end, an analog multi-beam network, and a digital receiver system, the problem of poor flexibility of multi-beam selective receiver modules is solved. This achieves a combination of wide spatial domain search and wide bandwidth tracking, reduces costs, and enhances adaptability to electromagnetic environments.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA ELECTRONIC TECH GRP CORP NO 38 RES INST
- Filing Date
- 2022-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-04
AI Technical Summary
Existing multi-beam selector receiver modules lack flexibility in handling wide-spatial search and wide-bandwidth tracking, and cannot improve both performance simultaneously.
A wideband multi-beam selectable receiver module is adopted, including an RF front-end, an analog multi-beam network, a multi-beam selectable switch network, an analog receiver channel, and a digital receiver system. Different analog beam signals are selected through the multi-beam selectable switch network to achieve wide spatial domain search or wide bandwidth continuous tracking processing.
It achieves the combined use of wide-spatial-domain search and wide-bandwidth tracking, reducing system costs, improving flexibility, and ensuring that other beams can function normally when strong interference signals occur, thus adapting to complex electromagnetic environments.
Smart Images
Figure CN116094563B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of radio systems technology, and more specifically to a wideband multi-beam selective receiver module and an electronic reconnaissance system. Background Technology
[0002] In the fields of radio systems such as communications, radar, electronic reconnaissance, and remote control and telemetry, radio systems typically convert electromagnetic waves into electrical signals through a receiving antenna, which are then fed into a receiving system for analysis and processing. Figure 1 As shown, the receiving system is a core component of a radio system.
[0003] With the development of technology, the types, strengths and bandwidths of radio signals are constantly increasing, requiring receivers to have the ability to receive wideband signals, intercept signals with high probability, and process multiple signals simultaneously in complex electromagnetic environments. This requirement is particularly evident in the field of electronic reconnaissance.
[0004] Existing reconnaissance systems typically employ analog array multibeam technology in their multibeam selector receiver modules. This technology can simultaneously generate multiple beams to cover the reconnaissance airspace. However, when dealing with wide-area search and wide-bandwidth tracking, analog array multibeam technology can only sacrifice one performance aspect to improve the other, meaning that existing multibeam selector receiver modules lack flexibility. Summary of the Invention
[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved
[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a wideband multi-beam selective receiver module, which solves the technical problem of poor flexibility in existing multi-beam selective receiver modules.
[0007] (II) Technical Solution
[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:
[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a wideband multi-beam selective receiver module, including a radio frequency front-end, an analog multi-beam network, a multi-beam selective switch network, an analog receiver channel, and a digital receiver system.
[0010] The radio frequency front end is used to process radio frequency signals;
[0011] The analog multi-beam network is used to generate multiple analog beam signals based on the processed radio frequency signals;
[0012] The multi-beam selection switch network is used to select analog beam signals. By connecting and disconnecting different switches in the multi-beam selection switch network, different analog beam signals can be selected to realize wide spatial domain search processing or wide bandwidth continuous tracking processing of radio frequency signals.
[0013] The analog receiving channel is used to process the selected analog beam signal and convert it into a fixed intermediate frequency signal.
[0014] The digital receiving system is used to digitize fixed intermediate frequency signals to obtain digital intermediate frequency data.
[0015] Preferably, the multi-beam selective switching network includes a power divider unit and a switching network unit.
[0016] The power divider unit includes multiple 1-to-4 power dividers, wherein the 1-to-4 power divider is used to split one analog beam signal into four signals.
[0017] The switching network unit is used to select the signal output by the power divider unit.
[0018] Preferably, the power divider unit includes 40 1-to-4 power dividers, and the switch network unit includes 8 switch networks, wherein each switch network includes a 9-to-1 switch, a 1-to-4 power divider, and four 3-to-1 switches;
[0019] The 9-to-1 switch receives signals from the 9-channel power divider unit. The selected signal is divided into 4 signals by the 1-to-4 power divider in the switch network unit, and the 4 signals are respectively input to the four 3-to-1 switches. The other two channels of the 3-to-1 switches receive signals from the power divider unit.
[0020] Preferably, the 40 analog beam signals are divided into 160 signals by 40 1-to-4 power dividers; 136 of these signals are then processed by a switching network to form 32 beam signals with 2 wavelengths, thereby enabling wide-spatial-domain search processing of 1GHz bandwidth signals.
[0021] Alternatively, eight beams with nine spectral positions can be formed, each beam having the same four signals, which are processed by different local oscillators to achieve wide-bandwidth continuous tracking processing of any 4GHz bandwidth signal.
[0022] Preferably, the radio frequency front end is also used for,
[0023] Amplitude and phase consistency calibration is performed on multiple receiving channels.
[0024] Preferably, the analog receiving channel uses four independent local oscillators, and after two frequency conversions, the analog beam signal selected by the multi-beam selection switch network is converted into a fixed intermediate frequency signal.
[0025] Preferably, the digitization process includes digitization acquisition, digital down-conversion, and digital filtering.
[0026] Preferably, the digital receiving system is also used to output digital intermediate frequency data through an optical fiber assembly.
[0027] Preferably, the wideband multi-beam selective receiver module further includes a distributed power supply module, which provides the required voltage to the receiver module and is connected to the load via a power cable.
[0028] Secondly, the present invention provides an electronic reconnaissance system, the electronic reconnaissance system comprising the wideband multi-beam selective receiver module as described above.
[0029] (III) Beneficial Effects
[0030] This invention provides a wideband multi-beam selective receiver module. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:
[0031] This invention, through a multi-beam selection switch network, allows for the selection of multiple beams for wide-spatial-domain search processing of radio frequency signals, or the selection of any number of consecutive beams for wide-bandwidth continuous tracking processing of radio frequency signals. The combined use of wide-spatial-domain search and wide-bandwidth tracking effectively reduces costs and improves the flexibility of the wide-band multi-beam selection receiver module. Furthermore, when strong interference signals occur, the beam containing the interference signal is shut down while other beams continue to operate normally. Strong interference signals have minimal impact on the instantaneous bandwidth of the channel, and the receiver channel exhibits strong adaptability to complex electromagnetic environments. Attached Figure Description
[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0033] Figure 1 A block diagram of an existing radio receiving system;
[0034] Figure 2 Block diagram for implementing existing digital array multibeam technology;
[0035] Figure 3 Block diagram for implementing existing optical array multi-beam technology;
[0036] Figure 4 Block diagram for implementing existing analog array multibeam technology;
[0037] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of the wideband multi-beam selective receiver module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0038] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the circuit of the multi-beam selection switch network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0039] Figure 7 This is a block diagram of the digital receiving system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0040] Figure 8 This is a circuit block diagram of a digital receiving system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0042] This application provides a wideband multi-beam selectable receiver module, which solves the technical problem of flexibility in existing multi-beam selectable receiver modules, and realizes the combined use of wide spatial domain search and wide bandwidth tracking, effectively reducing system cost and improving system flexibility.
[0043] The technical solution in this application is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and the general idea is as follows:
[0044] Based on the technical system, broadband array multibeam technology can be divided into analog array multibeam technology, digital array multibeam technology and optically controlled array multibeam technology.
[0045] The drawback of digital array multibeam technology is that the number of system devices increases significantly with the increase of instantaneous processing bandwidth, leading to increased costs, such as... Figure 2 As shown, optical array multi-beam technology is still in the key technology research and development stage, and has drawbacks such as high link loss, high noise figure, small dynamic range, reliance on imported components, and poor stability. Figure 3 As shown. Analog array multi-beam technology can simultaneously form multiple beams to cover the reconnaissance airspace; each beam corresponds to a set of radio frequency beamforming networks, and the scanning and tracking of each beam can be independent and do not affect each other; when the relative bandwidth is moderate and the number of beams is not large, the analog array multi-beam reconnaissance system has a high cost-performance ratio, such as... Figure 4 As shown.
[0046] When designing reconnaissance systems using analog array multi-beam technology, optimizing the balance between wide-spatial-domain search and wide-bandwidth tracking under limited processing resources, effectively reducing system costs and improving system flexibility, becomes a valuable research topic. This necessitates finding a new method to implement a wideband multi-beam selective receiver module. Based on this, this invention provides a wideband multi-beam selective receiver module capable of wide-spatial-domain search and wide-bandwidth tracking of multi-target signals in complex electromagnetic environments, offering good flexibility and strong adaptability to electromagnetic environments.
[0047] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a wideband multi-beam selectable receiver module, including: a radio frequency front-end, an analog multi-beam network, a multi-beam selectable switch network, an analog receiving channel, and a digital receiving system.
[0049] The radio frequency front end is used to process radio frequency signals;
[0050] The analog multi-beam network is used to generate multiple analog beam signals based on the processed radio frequency signals;
[0051] The multi-beam selection switch network is used to select analog beam signals. By connecting and disconnecting different switches in the multi-beam selection switch network, different analog beam signals can be selected to realize wide spatial domain search processing or wide bandwidth continuous tracking processing of radio frequency signals.
[0052] The analog receiving channel is used to process the selected analog beam signal and convert it into a fixed intermediate frequency signal.
[0053] The digital receiving system is used to digitize fixed intermediate frequency signals to obtain digital intermediate frequency data.
[0054] In this embodiment of the invention, a multi-beam selection switch network can be used to select multiple beams for wide spatial search processing of 1GHz bandwidth signals, or any number of consecutive beams can be selected. Each beam is power-divided into 4 paths for wide bandwidth continuous tracking processing of 4GHz bandwidth signals. The combination of wide spatial search and wide bandwidth tracking effectively reduces costs and improves the flexibility of the wideband multi-beam selection receiver module. At the same time, when strong interference signals occur, the beam containing the interference signal is turned off, while other beams can work normally. Strong interference signals have little impact on the instantaneous bandwidth of the channel, and the receiving channel has strong adaptability to complex electromagnetic environments.
[0055] The following is a detailed description of the various structures within the wideband multi-beam selective receiver module:
[0056] The RF front end is used for limiting, filtering, and amplifying RF signals, as well as correcting input coupling. When the RF front end's switch selects the antenna unit, it is used to complete signal reception. When the switch selects the correction signal, it is used for amplitude and phase consistency calibration of multiple receiving channels.
[0057] A simulated multi-beam network is used to form multiple simulated beams based on radio frequency signals to achieve reconnaissance airspace coverage. In this embodiment of the invention, the simulated multi-beam network forms 40 simulated beams, achieving 90-degree coverage of the reconnaissance airspace.
[0058] like Figure 6 As shown (it should be noted that, Figure 6 The diagram only shows a portion of the multi-beam selection switch network circuitry, including a power divider unit and a switch network. In actual implementation, it also includes seven switch networks shown on the right, for a total of eight switch networks. The multi-beam selection switch network is used to select the input signal of the receiving module. The input signal is 40 analog beam signals formed by the multi-beam network. The 40 analog beam signals are divided into 160 signals by a 1-to-4 power divider. 136 of these signals are then processed by the multi-beam selection switch network to form 32 beam signals at two wavelengths (beam numbers 1-32 and 9-40). These 32 beams at two wavelengths enable wide-spatial-domain search processing of 1GHz bandwidth signals. Alternatively, they can be used to form eight beams at nine wavelengths (beam numbers 1-8, 5-12, ..., 33-40). Each beam has the same four signals, which are processed by different local oscillators to achieve wide-bandwidth continuous tracking processing of any 4GHz bandwidth signal.
[0059] In practical implementation, the multi-beam switching network needs to be specifically designed based on the number of simulated beams (e.g., N (4J)) of the current antenna array passing through the multi-beam network, and the number of channels with different bandwidths for back-end receiving and processing (e.g., 4K 1GHz, 2K 2GHz, K 4GHz). This determines the number of power dividers for each beam (usually a 1-to-4 power divider is sufficient) and the beam selection method. The switching network design is then finalized. Table 1 summarizes the corresponding relationship between the number of switches for different numbers of 1GHz beams under conditions of 36 and 40 beams.
[0060] Table 1 shows the correspondence between the number of switches for different numbers of 1 GHz beams under 36 and 40 beam conditions.
[0061]
[0062] This invention employs a simulated multi-beam network design, enabling broadband reception of multiple signals at any frequency within the reconnaissance airspace. Simultaneously, this simulated multi-beam network design allows for the normal operation of other beams even when the beam containing strong interference signals is shut down, minimizing the impact on the channel's instantaneous bandwidth and providing strong adaptability to complex electromagnetic environments. The use of a multi-beam selection switch network design enables wide-range spatial search of multiple signals at any frequency within the working bandwidth of the reconnaissance airspace. It also enables broadband tracking of key target signals in multiple directions within the working bandwidth of the reconnaissance airspace. The combined design of "simulated multi-beam + beam selection switch" allows for the combined use of wide-range spatial search and wide-bandwidth tracking, effectively reducing system cost and improving system flexibility.
[0063] The analog receiving channel uses four independent local oscillators, and after two frequency conversions, the analog beam signal selected by the multi-beam selection switch network is converted into a fixed intermediate frequency signal.
[0064] like Figure 7 As shown, the digital receiving system includes four dual-channel ADC chips and one FPGA chip, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the ADC completes the digital sampling of the fixed intermediate frequency signal, and the FPGA completes the digital down-conversion and digital filtering to generate the baseband I / Q signal. The digital receiving system board integrates 8 channels of high-speed data acquisition to complete the acquisition, DDC preprocessing, and high-speed transmission of 8 channels of fixed intermediate frequency signals.
[0065] In practical implementation, the wideband multi-beam selective receiver module also includes a distributed power supply module, which provides the required voltage to the receiver module and is connected to the load via a power cable.
[0066] This invention also provides an electronic reconnaissance system, which includes the aforementioned wideband multi-beam selective receiver module.
[0067] In summary, compared with existing technologies, it has the following beneficial effects:
[0068] This invention utilizes a multi-beam selection switch network to select 32 beams for wide-spatial-domain search processing of 1GHz bandwidth signals, or to select any 8 consecutive beams, with each beam power-divided into 4 paths, for wide-bandwidth continuous tracking processing of 4GHz bandwidth signals. The combined use of wide-spatial-domain search and wide-bandwidth tracking effectively reduces costs and improves the flexibility of the wideband multi-beam selection receiver module. Furthermore, when strong interference signals occur, the beam containing the interference signal is shut down, while other beams can operate normally. Strong interference signals have minimal impact on the instantaneous bandwidth of the channel, and the receiving channel exhibits strong adaptability to complex electromagnetic environments.
[0069] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0070] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A wideband multi-beam selection receiving module, characterized in that, This includes the radio frequency front end, analog multi-beam network, multi-beam selection switch network, analog receiver channel, and digital receiver system. The radio frequency front end is used to process radio frequency signals; The analog multi-beam network is used to generate multiple analog beam signals based on the processed radio frequency signals; The multi-beam selection switch network is used to select analog beam signals. By connecting and disconnecting different switches in the multi-beam selection switch network, different analog beam signals can be selected to realize wide spatial domain search processing or wide bandwidth continuous tracking processing of radio frequency signals. The analog receiving channel is used to process the selected analog beam signal and convert it into a fixed intermediate frequency signal. The digital receiving system is used to digitize a fixed intermediate frequency signal to obtain digital intermediate frequency data. The multi-beam selective switching network includes a power divider unit and a switching network unit. The power divider unit includes multiple 1-to-4 power dividers, wherein the 1-to-4 power divider is used to split one analog beam signal into four signals. The switching network unit is used to select the signal output by the power divider unit; The power divider unit includes 40 1-to-4 power dividers, and the switch network unit includes 8 switch networks, wherein each switch network includes a 9-to-1 switch, a 1-to-4 power divider, and four 3-to-1 switches. The 9-to-1 switch receives signals from the 9-channel power divider unit. The selected signal is split into 4 signals by a 1-to-4 power divider in the switch network unit, and the 4 signals are respectively input to the four 3-to-1 switches. The other two channels of the 3-to-1 switches receive signals from the power divider unit. The 40 analog beam signals are divided into 160 signals by 40 1-to-4 power dividers; 136 of these signals are then processed by a switching network to form 32 beam signals at 2 wavelengths. The 32 beam signals at 2 wavelengths enable wide-spatial-domain search processing of 1GHz bandwidth signals. Alternatively, eight beams with nine spectral positions can be formed, each beam having the same four signals, which are processed by different local oscillators to achieve wide-bandwidth continuous tracking processing of any 4GHz bandwidth signal.
2. The wide-band multi-beam selection receiving module of claim 1, wherein, The radio frequency front end is also used for, Amplitude and phase consistency calibration is performed on multiple receiving channels.
3. The wide-band multi-beam selection receiving module of claim 1, wherein, The analog receiving channel uses four independent local oscillators, and after two frequency conversions, the analog beam signal selected by the multi-beam selection switch network is converted into a fixed intermediate frequency signal.
4. The wide-band multi-beam selection receiving module according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The digital processing includes digital acquisition, digital down-conversion, and digital filtering.
5. The wide-band multi-beam selection receiving module according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The digital receiving system is also used to output digital intermediate frequency data through an optical fiber assembly.
6. The wide-band multi-beam selection receiving module according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The wideband multi-beam selective receiver module also includes a distributed power supply module, which provides the required voltage to the receiver module and is connected to the load via a power cable.
7. An electronic reconnaissance system characterized in that The electronic reconnaissance system includes a wideband multi-beam selective receiver module as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.