Methods and apparatus for measurement and reporting for multi-beam operation

Abstract

A user equipment (UE) is configured to perform a method for measuring and reporting multi-beam operations. The UE includes a transceiver configured to communicate with a base station via multi-beam operations. The UE also includes a processor operably connected to the transceiver. The processor is configured to perform at least one of: transmitting, via the transceiver, one or more uplink (UL) reference signals (RSs) over a first set of antenna ports, or receiving, via the transceiver, one of: one or more downlink (DL) RSs transmitted by a base station (BS) or one or more transmitted DL RSs, measuring, via the transceiver, signal qualities of the one or more DL RSs and the one or more DL RSs over a second set of antenna ports over a time period, and performing a measurement report of the measured signal qualities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to electronic devices and methods for measurement and reporting of multi-beam operation, and more specifically, to electronic devices and methods for self-interference measurement and reporting of beam-specific downlink and uplink operation in wireless networks. Background Technology

[0002] The fundamental principle of New Radio (NR) in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is to support beam-specific operation for wireless communication between gNode B (gNB) and User Equipment (UE). Several components in the 5G (e.g., fifth-generation) NR specification can operate effectively in a beam-specific manner. Self-interference measurement and reporting are essential to facilitate beam management for beam-specific downlink and uplink operation. Current 5G NR systems do not include components for self-interference and reporting.

[0003] Given the successive generations of wireless communication development, these technologies have primarily been developed for human-oriented services such as voice calls, multimedia services, and data services. With the commercialization of 5G (fifth-generation) communication systems, the number of connected devices is expected to grow exponentially. These will increasingly connect to communication networks. Examples of connected things can include vehicles, robots, drones, home appliances, displays, smart sensors connected to various infrastructures, construction machinery, and factory equipment. Mobile devices are expected to evolve in various forms, such as augmented reality glasses, virtual reality headsets, and holographic devices. To deliver a wide range of services by connecting hundreds of billions of devices and things in the 6G (sixth-generation) era, efforts have been underway to develop improved 6G communication systems. For these reasons, 6G communication systems are referred to as "beyond 5G" systems.

[0004] The 6G communication system, which is expected to be commercialized around 2030, will have peak data rates in the tera (1,000 gigabit) range and radio latency of less than 100 μsec, making it 50 times faster than 5G communication systems and with 1 / 10 of their radio latency.

[0005] To achieve such high data rates and ultra-low latency, 6G communication systems have been considered for implementation in the terahertz band (e.g., the 95 GHz to 3 THz band). It is anticipated that technologies capable of ensuring signal transmission distance (i.e., coverage) will become even more critical, as path loss and atmospheric absorption in the terahertz band are more severe than those in the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band introduced in 5G. It is necessary to develop radio frequency (RF) components, antennas, and novel waveforms with better coverage than orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), beamforming and massive MIMO, full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, and multi-antenna transmission technologies such as massive MIMO, as key technologies for ensuring coverage. Furthermore, new technologies for improving terahertz band signal coverage have been discussed, such as metamaterial-based lenses and antennas, orbital angular momentum (OAM), and reconfigurable smart surfaces (RIS).

[0006] Furthermore, to improve spectrum efficiency and overall network performance, the following technologies have been developed for 6G communication systems: full-duplex technology enabling uplink and downlink transmissions to use the same frequency resources simultaneously; network technologies that comprehensively utilize satellites, high-altitude platform stations (HAPS), etc.; improved network architectures to support mobile base stations, enabling network operation optimization and automation; dynamic spectrum sharing technology based on spectrum usage prediction and conflict avoidance; the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in wireless communication to improve overall network operation by leveraging AI from the 6G development design phase and internalizing end-to-end AI support functions; and next-generation distributed computing technologies to overcome UE computing power limitations through ultra-high-performance communication and computing resources accessible on the network, such as mobile edge computing (MEC) and the cloud. In addition, efforts are continuing to enhance connectivity between devices, optimize networks, promote the software-defined networking of network entities, and increase the openness of wireless communication by designing new protocols to be used in 6G communication systems, developing mechanisms for achieving hardware-based secure environments and secure data usage, and developing technologies for maintaining privacy.

[0007] The research and development of 6G communication systems in hyper-connectivity, including human-to-machine (P2M) and machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, is expected to bring the next hyper-connected experience. Specifically, services such as truly immersive extended reality (XR), high-fidelity mobile holograms, and digital replicas are anticipated to be provided through 6G communication systems. Furthermore, services such as remote surgery for enhanced security and reliability, industrial automation, and emergency response will be offered via 6G communication systems, enabling the technology to be applied to various fields such as industry, healthcare, automotive, and home appliances. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Technical solutions

[0009] Embodiments of this disclosure provide methods and apparatus for full-power UL MIMO operation in advanced wireless communication systems.

[0010] In one embodiment, a user equipment (UE) is provided. The UE includes a transceiver configured to communicate with a base station via multi-beam operation. The UE also includes a processor operatively connected to the transceiver. The processor is configured to perform at least one of the following: transmitting one or more uplink (UL) reference signals (RS) via the transceiver through antenna ports of a first set, or receiving one of the following: one or more downlink (DL) RSs or one or more transmitted DL RSs transmitted by a base station (BS); measuring the signal quality of one or more DL RSs and one or more transmitted DL RSs over a time period via antenna ports of a second set, and performing a measurement report of the measured signal quality.

[0011] In another embodiment, a method is provided. The method includes at least one of the following: transmitting one or more uplink (UL) reference signals (RS) via a transceiver using antenna ports of a first set; receiving via the transceiver one or more downlink (DL) RSs transmitted by a base station (BS), or one or more transmitted UL RSs; measuring, by a processor, the signal quality of one or more DL RSs and one or more DL RSs over a time period via antenna ports of a second set of the transceiver; and executing a measurement report of the measured signal quality by the processor.

[0012] In another embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium is provided. This non-transitory computer-readable medium includes a plurality of instructions that, when executed by a processor of a user equipment (UE), cause the processor to perform at least one of the following: transmit one or more uplink (UL) reference signals (RS) via a transceiver of the UE through antenna ports of a first set, or receive via the transceiver one or more downlink (DL) RSs transmitted by a base station (BS), one or more transmitted UL RSs, measure the signal quality of one or more DL RSs and one or more DL RSs over a time period using antenna ports of a second set, and perform a measurement report of the measured signal quality.

[0013] Other technical features will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following figures, description and claims. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To gain a more complete understanding of this disclosure and its advantages, reference is now made to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals denote like parts:

[0015] Figure 1 An example wireless network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0016] Figure 2 An example gNB according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0017] Figure 3 An example UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0018] Figure 4A A high-level diagram of an orthogonal frequency division multiple access transmission path according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0019] Figure 4B A high-level diagram of an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDM) receiving path according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0020] Figure 5 An example antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0021] Figure 6 A network diagram illustrating communication with multiple terminals via different beams according to embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0022] Figure 7 The process of self-interference measurement and reporting according to embodiments of this disclosure is illustrated;

[0023] Figure 8 Another process for self-interference measurement and reporting according to embodiments of this disclosure is illustrated;

[0024] Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 The operation of a UE according to an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated;

[0025] Figure 14 The process of self-interference and DLRS measurement and reporting according to embodiments of this disclosure is illustrated;

[0026] Figure 15 Another process for self-interference and DLRS measurement and reporting according to embodiments of this disclosure is illustrated;

[0027] Figure 16 Example operation of a UE according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown;

[0028] Figure 17 Example operation of a UE according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown;

[0029] Figure 18 , Figure 19 and Figure 20Example operation of a UE according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown;

[0030] Figure 21 This illustration shows a scenario in which the network (NW) communicates with the UE via a multi-beam link according to this disclosure;

[0031] Figure 22 Self-interference measurement of a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0032] Figure 23 Another process for self-interference and DLRS measurement and reporting according to embodiments of this disclosure is illustrated;

[0033] Figure 24 SINR measurement including self-interference is illustrated according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 25 Another process for measurement and evaluation of link recovery according to embodiments of this disclosure is illustrated;

[0035] Figure 26 Self-interference measurement according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated;

[0036] Figure 27 A beam failure process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated;

[0037] Figure 28 A novel beam identification process 2800 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated;

[0038] Figure 29 A beam fault recovery request / response process 2900 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated;

[0039] Figure 30 A beam fault recovery request according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated;

[0040] Figure 31 and 32 The beam link refinement process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated;

[0041] Figure 33 A novel beam identification process according to embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated; and

[0042] Figure 34 A radio link refinement process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Before proceeding further, it may be advantageous to define certain words and phrases used in this patent document. The term “coupled” and its derivatives refer to any direct or indirect communication between two or more elements, whether or not these elements are physically in contact with each other. The terms “transmit,” “receive,” and “communicate,” and their derivatives include both direct and indirect communication. The terms “include” and “contain,” and their derivatives, mean unrestricted inclusion. The term “or” is inclusive, meaning and / or. The phrase “associated” and its derivatives refer to including, being included, interconnected, containing, being contained within, connected to or connected with, coupled to or coupled with, can communicate, cooperate, interleave, juxtapose, proximate, be combined to or combined with, have, have attributes, be related to or have a relationship with, etc. The term “controller” refers to any device, system, or part thereof that controls at least one operation. Such a controller can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and software and / or firmware. The functionality associated with any particular controller can be centralized or distributed, local or remote. When used with a list of items, the phrase "at least one" means that different combinations of one or more of the listed items may be used, and it may be necessary to use only one item from the list. For example, "at least one of A, B, and C" includes any of the following combinations: A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, and A and B and C.

[0044] Furthermore, the various functions described below can be implemented or supported by one or more computer programs, each computer program being formed by computer-readable program code and contained in a computer-readable medium. The terms "application" and "program" refer to one or more computer programs, software components, instruction sets, procedures, functions, objects, classes, instances, associated data, or portions thereof suitable for implementation in appropriate computer-readable program code. The phrase "computer-readable program code" includes any type of computer code, including source code, object code, and executable code. The phrase "computer-readable medium" includes any type of media accessible by a computer, such as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), hard disk drive, optical disc (CD), digital video disc (DVD), or any other type of storage. "Non-transitory" computer-readable media does not include wired, wireless, optical, or other communication links that transmit transient electrical or other signals. Non-transitory computer-readable media includes media that can permanently store data and media that can store data and be rewritten later, such as rewritable optical discs or erasable storage devices.

[0045] Definitions of other specific words and phrases are also provided in this patent document. Those skilled in the art will understand that, in many (if not most) cases, such definitions apply to the prior and future use of the words and phrases defined in this way.

[0046] The following discussion Figures 1 to 34 The various embodiments used to describe the principles of this disclosure in this patent document are merely exemplary and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of this disclosure can be implemented in any suitably arranged system or device.

[0047] The following documents and standards are incorporated herein by reference, as if fully set forth herein: 3GPP TS 36.211 v16.1.0, "E-UTRA, Physical Channel and Modulation"; 3GPP TS 36.212 v16.1.0, "E-UTRA, Multiplexing and Channel Coding"; 3GPP TS 36.213 v16.1.0, "E-UTRA, Physical Layer Procedures"; 3GPP TS 36.321 v16.0.0, "E-UTRA, Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Specification"; 3GPP TS 36.331 v16.0.0, "E-UTRA, Radio Resource Control (RRC) Protocol Specification"; 3GPP TS 38.211 v16.1.0, "NR, Physical Channel and Modulation"; 3GPP TS 38.212 v16.1.0, "NR, Multiplexing and Channel Coding"; 3GPP TS 3GPP TS 38.213v16.0.0, "NR, Physical Layer Procedures for Control"; 3GPP TS 38.214v16.0.0, "NR, Physical Layer Procedures for Data"; 3GPP TS 38.215v16.0.0, "NR, Physical Layer Measurement"; 3GPP TS 38.321v16.0.0, "NR, Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Specification"; and 3GPP TS 38.331v16.0.0, "NR, Radio Resource Control (RRC) Protocol Specification".

[0048] The aspects, features, and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description simply by illustrating several specific embodiments and implementations, including the best mode contemplated for carrying out this disclosure. This disclosure is also capable of other and different embodiments, and several details thereof may be modified in various obvious ways without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the drawings and description are to be considered illustrative in nature, not restrictive. In the drawings, this disclosure is illustrated by way of example rather than limitation.

[0049] In the following text, for the sake of brevity, both Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD) are considered to be duplexing methods used for DL ​​and UL signaling.

[0050] Although the following exemplary description and embodiments assume orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), this disclosure can be extended to other OFDM-based transmit waveforms or multiple access schemes, such as filtered OFDM (F-OFDM).

[0051] This disclosure covers several components that can be combined or integrated with each other, or that can operate as independent solutions.

[0052] To meet the increased demand for wireless data services since the deployment of 4G communication systems, 5G or pre-5G communication systems have been developed. Therefore, 5G or pre-5G communication systems are also referred to as "beyond 4G networks" or "post-LTE systems".

[0053] 5G communication systems are considered to be implemented in higher frequency (mmWave) bands (e.g., the 60GHz band) to achieve higher data rates. To reduce radio wave propagation loss and increase transmission range, beamforming, massive MIMO, full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, analog beamforming, and massive MIMO technologies are discussed in 5G communication systems.

[0054] In addition, in 5G communication systems, development is underway to improve system networks based on advanced small cells, cloud radio access networks (RAN), ultra-dense networks, device-to-device (D2D) communication, wireless backhaul communication, mobile networks, cooperative communication, cooperative multipoint (CoMP) transmission and reception, interference mitigation and elimination, etc.

[0055] In 5G systems, hybrid frequency shift keying (FSK), orthogonal amplitude modulation (FQAM), and sliding window superposition coding (SWSC) have been developed as adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) technologies, as well as filter bank multicarrier (FBMC), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and sparse code multiple access (SCMA) as advanced access technologies.

[0056] The following Figures 1-4B Various embodiments of communication technologies, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), are described in wireless communication systems. Figures 1-3 The description does not imply any physical or architectural limitation on the ways in which different embodiments may be implemented. Different embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented in any suitably arranged communication system.

[0057] Figure 1 An example wireless network according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 1 The embodiments of the wireless network shown are for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments of the wireless network 100 may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the wireless network includes gNB 101, gNB 102, and gNB 103. gNB 101 communicates with gNB 102 and gNB 103. gNB 101 also communicates with at least one network 130, such as the Internet, a proprietary Internet Protocol (IP) network, or other data network.

[0059] gNB 102 provides wireless broadband access to network 130 to a first plurality of user equipments (UEs) within its coverage area 120. The first plurality of UEs includes UE 111, which may be located in a small business; UE 112, which may be located in an enterprise (E); UE 113, which may be located in a WiFi hotspot (HS); UE 114, which may be located in a first residence (R); UE 115, which may be located in a second residence (R); and UE 116, which may be a mobile device (M), such as a cellular phone, wireless laptop computer, wireless PDA, etc. gNB 103 provides wireless broadband access to network 130 to a second plurality of UEs within its coverage area 125. The second plurality of UEs includes UE 115 and UE 116. In some embodiments, one or more of gNBs 101-103 may communicate with each other and with UEs 111-116 using 5G, LTE, LTE-A, WiMAX, WiFi, or other wireless communication technologies.

[0060] Depending on the network type, the term "base station" or "BS" can refer to any component (or set of components) configured to provide wireless access to a network, such as a transmitting point (TP), a transmitting-receiving point (TRP), an enhanced base station (eNodeB or eNB), a 5G base station (gNB), a macro cell, a femtocell, a WiFi access point (AP), or other wireless-enabled equipment. A base station can provide wireless access according to one or more wireless communication protocols, such as 5G 3GPP New Radio Interface / Access (NR), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), High Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), Wi-Fi 802.11a / b / g / n / ac, etc. For convenience, the terms "BS" and "TRP" are used interchangeably in this patent document to refer to network infrastructure components that provide wireless access to remote terminals. Furthermore, depending on the network type, the term "user equipment" or "UE" can refer to any component, such as a "mobile station," "subscriber station," "remote terminal," "wireless terminal," "receiving point," or "user equipment." For convenience, the terms “user equipment” and “UE” are used in this patent document to refer to a remote wireless device for wireless access to a BS, whether the UE is a mobile device (such as a mobile phone or smartphone) or is generally considered to be a fixed device (such as a desktop computer or vending machine).

[0061] The dashed lines indicate the approximate extent of coverage areas 120 and 125, which are shown as approximately circular for illustrative and explanatory purposes only. It should be clearly understood that, depending on the configuration of the gNB and variations in the radio environment associated with natural and man-made obstacles, the coverage areas associated with the gNB (such as coverage areas 120 and 125) may have other shapes, including irregular shapes.

[0062] As described in more detail below, one or more of gNB 101, gNB 102, and gNB 103 include a two-dimensional (2D) antenna array as described in embodiments of this disclosure. In some embodiments, one or more of gNB 101, gNB 102, and gNB 103 support codebook design and architecture for systems with 2D antenna arrays.

[0063] As described in more detail below, one or more of UEs 111-116 include circuitry, procedures, or combinations thereof for measuring the signal quality of one or more DL RSs and one or more DL RSs over a time period and performing a measurement report of the measured signal quality. In some embodiments, one or more of gNBs 101-103 include circuitry, procedures, or combinations thereof to facilitate measurement reporting by the UE in an advanced wireless communication system.

[0064] although Figure 1An example of a wireless network is shown, but more can be found on... Figure 1 Various modifications can be made. For example, the wireless network can include any number of gNBs and any number of UEs in any suitable arrangement. Furthermore, gNB 101 can communicate directly with any number of UEs and provide these UEs with wireless broadband access to network 130. Similarly, each gNB 102-103 can communicate directly with network 130 and provide the UEs with direct wireless broadband access to network 130. Additionally, gNBs 101, 102, and / or 103 can provide access to other or additional external networks, such as external telephone networks or other types of data networks.

[0065] Figure 2 An example gNB 102 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2 The embodiment of gNB 102 shown is for illustrative purposes only. Figure 1 gNBs 101 and 103 can have the same or similar configurations. However, gNBs come in a wide variety of configurations, and Figure 2 This disclosure is not intended to limit the scope to any particular implementation of gNB.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, gNB 102 includes multiple antennas 205a-205n, multiple RF transceivers 210a-210n, transmit (TX) processing circuitry 215, and receive (RX) processing circuitry 220. gNB 102 also includes a controller / processor 225, a memory 230, and a backhaul or network interface 235.

[0067] RF transceivers 210a-210n receive input RF signals, such as signals transmitted by a UE in network 100, from antennas 205a-205n. RF transceivers 210a-210n down-convert the input RF signals to generate an IF or baseband signal. The IF or baseband signal is sent to RX processing circuitry 220, which generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signal. RX processing circuitry 220 sends the processed baseband signal to controller / processor 225 for further processing.

[0068] The TX processing circuit 215 receives analog or digital data (such as voice data, network data, email, or interactive video game data) from the controller / processor 225. The TX processing circuit 215 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the output baseband data to generate a processed baseband or IF signal. RF transceivers 210a-210n receive the processed baseband or IF signal from the TX processing circuit 215 and up-convert the baseband or IF signal into an RF signal, which is then transmitted via antennas 205a-205n.

[0069] The controller / processor 225 may include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the overall operation of the gNB 102. For example, the controller / processor 225 may control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals via RF transceivers 210a-210n, RX processing circuitry 220, and TX processing circuitry 215, according to well-known principles. The controller / processor 225 may also support additional functions, such as more advanced wireless communication capabilities. That is, the controller / processor 225 may perform blind interference sensing (BIS) processes, such as those performed by a BIS algorithm, and decode the received signal after subtracting interference signals. The controller / processor 225 may support any of a variety of other functions in the gNB 102. In some embodiments, the controller / processor 225 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

[0070] In some embodiments, the controller / processor 225 may support beamforming or directional routing operations, wherein the output signals from multiple antennas 205a-205n are weighted differently to effectively direct the output signals in a desired direction. The controller / processor 225 may also support any of a variety of other functions in the gNB 102.

[0071] The controller / processor 225 is also capable of executing programs and other processes, such as an operating system, residing in the memory 230. The controller / processor 225 can move data into or out of the memory 230 as needed during execution.

[0072] The controller / processor 225 is also capable of supporting channel quality measurement and reporting for systems with 2D antenna arrays, as described in embodiments of this disclosure. In some embodiments, the controller / processor 225 supports inter-entity communication, such as network RTC. The controller / processor 225 can move data into or out of the memory 230 as needed during execution.

[0073] The controller / processor 225 is also coupled to a backhaul or network interface 235. The backhaul or network interface 235 allows the gNB 102 to communicate with other devices or systems via a backhaul connection or network. Interface 235 can support communication via any suitable wired or wireless connection. For example, when the gNB 102 is implemented as part of a cellular communication system (such as a cellular communication system supporting 5G, LTE, or LTE-A), interface 235 can allow the gNB 102 to communicate with other gNBs via a wired or wireless backhaul connection. When the gNB 102 is implemented as an access point, interface 235 can allow the gNB 102 to communicate via a wired or wireless local area network or via a wired or wireless connection to a larger network (such as the Internet). Interface 235 includes any suitable architecture supporting communication over a wired or wireless connection, such as an Ethernet or RF transceiver.

[0074] Memory 230 is coupled to controller / processor 225. A portion of memory 230 may include RAM, while another portion may include flash memory or other ROM. In some embodiments, multiple instructions, such as a BIS algorithm, are stored in memory 230. The multiple instructions are configured to cause controller / processor 225 to perform the BIS process and decode the received signal after subtracting at least one interference signal determined by the BIS algorithm.

[0075] As described in more detail below, the transmit and receive paths of the gNB 102 (implemented using RF transceivers 210a-210n, TX processing circuitry 215, and / or RX processing circuitry 220) support communication for FDD and TDD cell aggregation.

[0076] although Figure 2 An example of gNB 102 is shown, but it is possible to compare it with other models. Figure 2 Various changes can be made. For example, gNB 102 can include... Figure 2 Each component can be any number shown. As a specific example, an access point may include multiple interfaces 235, and the controller / processor 225 may support routing functionality to route data between different network addresses. As another specific example, although shown as a single instance including TX processing circuitry 215 and a single instance including RX processing circuitry 220, the gNB 102 may include multiple instances of each (e.g., one per RF transceiver). Furthermore, Figure 2 The various components can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added as needed.

[0077] Figure 3 An example UE 116 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3 The embodiment of UE 116 shown is for illustrative purposes only, and Figure 1 UEs 111-115 can have the same or similar configurations. However, UEs have a wide variety of configurations, and Figure 3 This disclosure is not intended to limit the scope to any particular implementation of the UE.

[0078] like Figure 3 As shown, UE 116 includes an antenna 305, a radio frequency (RF) transceiver 310, a TX processing circuit 315, a microphone 320, and a receive (RX) processing circuit 325. UE 116 also includes a speaker 330, a processor 340, an input / output (I / O) interface (IF) 345, a touchscreen 350 (or keyboard), a display 355, and memory 360. Memory 360 includes an operating system (OS) 361 and one or more applications 362.

[0079] RF transceiver 310 receives an input RF signal transmitted by a gNB of network 100 from antenna 305. RF transceiver 310 down-converts the input RF signal to generate an intermediate frequency (IF) or baseband signal. The IF or baseband signal is sent to RX processing circuitry 325, which generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signal. RX processing circuitry 325 sends the processed baseband signal to speaker 330 (e.g., for voice data) or processor 340 for further processing (e.g., for web browsing data).

[0080] The TX processing circuit 315 receives analog or digital voice data from the microphone 320, or other output baseband data (such as network data, email, or interactive video game data) from the processor 340. The TX processing circuit 315 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the output baseband data to generate a processed baseband or IF signal. The RF transceiver 310 receives the processed baseband or IF signal from the TX processing circuit 315 and up-converts the baseband or IF signal into an RF signal, which is then transmitted via the antenna 305.

[0081] Processor 340 may include one or more processors or other processing devices and execute OS 361 stored in memory 360 to control the overall operation of UE 116. For example, processor 340 may control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals through RF transceiver 310, RX processing circuitry 325 and TX processing circuitry 315 according to well-known principles. In some embodiments, processor 340 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

[0082] Processor 340 is also capable of executing other processes and programs residing in memory 360, such as processes for UL transmission on the uplink channel. Processor 340 can move data into or out of memory 360 as needed for the execution of the process. In some embodiments, processor 340 is configured to execute application 362 based on OS 361 or in response to signals received from gNB or operator. Processor 340 is also coupled to I / O interface 345, which provides UE 116 with the ability to connect to other devices, such as laptop computers and handheld computers. I / O interface 345 is the communication path between these accessories and processor 340.

[0083] The processor 340 is also coupled to the touchscreen 350 and the display 355. The operator of the UE 116 can use the touchscreen 350 to input data into the UE 116. The display 355 may be a liquid crystal display, a light-emitting diode display, or other display capable of displaying text and / or at least limited graphics (such as from a website).

[0084] The memory 360 is coupled to the processor 340. A portion of the memory 360 may include random access memory (RAM), while another portion of the memory 360 may include flash memory or other read-only memory (ROM).

[0085] although Figure 3 An example of UE 116 is shown, but it is possible to modify it. Figure 3 Make various changes. For example, Figure 3 The various components can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added as needed. As a specific example, processor 340 can be divided into multiple processors, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs) and one or more graphics processing units (GPUs). Furthermore, although... Figure 3 The UE 116 is shown configured as a mobile phone or smartphone, but the UE can be configured to operate as other types of mobile or fixed devices.

[0086] Figure 4A This is a high-level diagram of the transmit path circuitry. For example, the transmit path circuitry can be used in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) communication. Figure 4B This is a high-level diagram of the receive path circuitry. For example, the receive path circuitry can be used in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) communication. Figure 4A and Figure 4B In the context of downlink communication, the transmitting path circuitry can be implemented in the base station (gNB) 102 or a relay station, while the receiving path circuitry can be implemented in the user equipment (e.g., Figure 1The user equipment 116) is implemented in other examples. For uplink communication, the receive path circuit 450 can be implemented in the base station (e.g., Figure 1 This can be implemented in a gNB102 or a relay station, and the transmission path circuit can be implemented in the user equipment (e.g., gNB102) or a relay station. Figure 1 Implemented in user equipment 116).

[0087] The transmit path circuitry includes a channel coding and modulation block 405, a serial-to-parallel (S to P) block 410, an N-size inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) block 415, a parallel-to-serial (P to S) block 420, a cyclic prefix addition block 425, and an up-converter (UC) 430. The receive path circuitry includes a down-converter (DC) 455, a cyclic prefix removal block 460, a serial-to-parallel (S to P) block 465, an N-size fast Fourier transform (FFT) block 470, a parallel-to-serial (P to S) block 475, and a channel decoding and demodulation block 480.

[0088] Figure 4A 400 and Figure 4B At least some of the components in 450 can be implemented in software, while others can be implemented in configurable hardware or a hybrid of software and configurable hardware. Specifically, it should be noted that the FFT and IFFT blocks described in this disclosure can be implemented as configurable software algorithms, wherein the value of size N can be modified according to the implementation.

[0089] Furthermore, although this disclosure pertains to embodiments implementing the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT), these are merely exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. It will be understood that in alternative embodiments of this disclosure, the FFT and IFFT functions can be readily replaced by Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) functions, respectively. It will be understood that for the DFT and IDFT functions, the value of the N variable can be any integer (i.e., 1, 4, 3, 4, etc.), while for the FFT and IFFT functions, the value of the N variable can be any integer power of 2 (i.e., 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, etc.).

[0090] In the transmit path circuit 400, the channel coding and modulation block 405 receives a set of information bits, applies coding (e.g., LDPC coding) and modulates (e.g., Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) or Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)) the input bits to produce a frequency-domain modulated symbol sequence. The serial-to-parallel block 410 converts (i.e., demultiplexes) the serial modulated symbols into parallel data to produce N parallel symbol streams, where N is the IFFT / FFT size used in BS 102 and UE 116. An IFFT block 415 of size N then performs an IFFT operation on the N parallel symbol streams to produce a time-domain output signal. The parallel-to-serial block 420 converts (i.e., multiplexes) the parallel time-domain output symbols from the N-size IFFT block 415 to produce a serial time-domain signal. A cyclic prefix addition block 425 then inserts a cyclic prefix into the time-domain signal. Finally, the upconverter 430 modulates (i.e., upconverts) the output of the added cyclic prefix block 425 to the RF frequency for transmission via the wireless channel. The signal can also be filtered in baseband before being converted to the RF frequency.

[0091] The transmitted RF signal arrives at UE 116 after passing through the wireless channel and performs the opposite operation to that at gNB 102. Downconverter 455 downconverts the received signal to the baseband frequency and removes the cyclic prefix block 460 to generate a serial time-domain baseband signal. Serial-to-parallel module 465 converts the time-domain baseband signal into a parallel time-domain signal. An N-sized FFT block 470 then performs an FFT algorithm to generate N parallel frequency-domain signals. Parallel-to-serial block 475 converts the parallel frequency-domain signals into a sequence of modulated data symbols. Channel decoding and demodulation block 480 demodulates and subsequently decodes the modulated symbols to recover the original input data stream.

[0092] Each of gNBs 101-103 can implement a transmission path similar to that used for sending to user equipments 111-116 in the downlink, and a reception path similar to that used for receiving from user equipments 111-116 in the uplink. Similarly, each of user equipments 111-116 can implement a transmission path corresponding to the architecture used for sending to gNBs 101-103 in the uplink, and a reception path corresponding to the architecture used for receiving from gNBs 101-103 in the downlink.

[0093] 5G communication system use cases have been identified and described. These use cases can be broadly categorized into three distinct groups. In one example, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) was identified as meeting high bit / second requirements with less stringent latency and reliability requirements. In another example, ultra-reliable and low-latency (URLL) was identified as having less stringent bit / second requirements. In yet another example, massive machine-type communication (mMTC) was identified as having up to 100,000 to 1 million devices per square kilometer, but with less stringent reliability / throughput / latency requirements. This scenario may also involve power efficiency requirements, as battery consumption is likely to be minimized as much as possible.

[0094] A communication system comprises a downlink (DL) and an uplink (UL). The downlink transmits signals from a transmitting point, such as a base station (BS) or Node B, to a user equipment (UE), while the uplink transmits signals from the UE to a receiving point, such as a Node B. A UE, also commonly referred to as a terminal or mobile station, can be fixed or mobile and can be a cellular phone, personal computer device, or automated device. An eNodeB, typically a fixed station, may also be referred to as an access point or other equivalent terms. In LTE systems, a NodeB is typically referred to as an eNodeB.

[0095] In communication systems such as LTE, DL signals can include data signals that convey information content, control signals that convey DL control information (DCI), and reference signals (RS), also known as pilot signals. The eNodeB transmits data information through the Physical DL Shared Channel (PDSCH). The eNodeB transmits DCI through the Physical DL Control Channel (PDCCH) or the Enhanced PDCCH (EPDCCH).

[0096] In response to a data transmission block (TB) from the UE, the eNodeB sends an acknowledgment (ACK) message in the Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH). The eNodeB transmits one or more types of RS, including UE Common RS (CRS), Channel State Information (CSI)-RS (CSI-RS), or Demodulated RS (DMRS). CRS is transmitted over the DL system bandwidth (BW) and can be used by the UE to obtain channel estimates for demodulating data or control information or performing measurements. To reduce CRS overhead, the eNodeB can transmit CSI-RS at a lower density in the time and / or frequency domains than CRS. DMRS can be transmitted only in the BW of the corresponding PDSCH or EPDCCH, and the UE can use DMRS to demodulate data or control information in the PDSCH or EPDCCH, respectively. The transmission time interval of the DL channel is called a subframe and can have a duration of, for example, 1 millisecond.

[0097] The DL signal also includes the transmission of logical channels carrying system control information. When the DL signal transmits a Master Information Block (MIB), the BCCH is mapped to a transmission channel called the Broadcast Channel (BCH), or when the DL signal transmits a System Information Block (SIB), it is mapped to the DL Shared Channel (DL-SCH). Most system information is included in different SIBs transmitted using the DL-SCH. The presence of system information on the DL-SCH in a subframe can be indicated by the transmission of the corresponding PDCCH, which transmits codewords with Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) scrambled with system information RNTI (SI-RNTI). Alternatively, scheduling information for SIB transmission can be provided in an earlier SIB, and scheduling information for the first SIB (SIB-1) can be provided by the MIB.

[0098] DL resource allocation is performed in groups of subframes and physical resource blocks (PRBs). A transport band (BW) comprises frequency resource elements called resource blocks (RBs). Each RB includes... Each subcarrier or resource element (RE) can have 12 REs. A single unit of an RB on a subframe is called a PRB. For PDSCH transmission BW, an M can be allocated to the UE. PDSCH RB, total One RE.

[0099] UL signals can include data signals for transmitting data information, control signals for transmitting UL control information (UCI), and UL RS. UL RS includes DMRS and SRS (Sounding RS). The UE only transmits DMRS in the corresponding PUSCH or PUCCH BW. The eNodeB can use DMRS to demodulate data signals or UCI signals. The UE transmits SRS to provide UL CSI to the eNodeB. The UE transmits data information or UCI through the corresponding Physical UL Shared Channel (PUSCH) or Physical UL Control Channel (PUCCH). If the UE needs to transmit data information and UCI in the same UL subframe, the UE can multiplex both in the PUSCH. UCI includes a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request Acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK) message indicating whether a data TB in the PDSCH is correct (e.g., ACK) or incorrect (e.g., NACK), a missing data TB in the PDSCH or a missing data TB detected in the PDCCH (DTX), a scheduling request (SR) indicating whether there is data in the UE's buffer, a rank indicator (RI), and channel state information (CSI) enabling the eNodeB to perform link adaptation for the PDSCH transmission to the UE. The UE also sends a HARQ-ACK message in response to detecting a PDCCH / EPDCCH indicating the release of a semi-persistently scheduled PDSCH.

[0100] A UL subframe consists of two time slots. Each time slot includes a space for transmitting data information, UCI, DMRS, or SRS. One symbol. The frequency resource unit for the UL system BW is RB. For transmitting BW, N is allocated to the UE. RB RB, total One RB. For PUCCH, N RB =1. The last subframe symbol can be used to multiplex SRS transmissions from one or more UEs. The number of subframe symbols available for data / UCI / DMRS transmission is If the last subframe symbol is used to transmit SRS, then N SRS =1, otherwise N SRS =0.

[0101] As operating frequency bands in NR increase, UEs are evolving to accommodate multiple antenna panels to enhance various aspects of multi-beam operation, such as enhanced coverage, minimization of beam failure events, and fast beam switching. Depending on the hardware architecture, each panel on the UE 116 can perform multi-beam operation in a decoupled manner, allowing the UE 116 to perform DL / UL operations simultaneously via multiple beam links, each corresponding to a sufficiently reliable channel to communicate independently with the gNB 102. Previous NR specifications only allowed multiple panels on the UE 116 for simultaneous DL reception, or the selection of a single panel for UL transmission during TDD operations.

[0102] Figure 5 An example antenna block 500 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 5 The embodiment of antenna 500 shown is for illustrative purposes only. Figure 5 This disclosure is not intended to limit the scope to any particular implementation of antenna 500. In some embodiments, one or more of gNB102 or UE 116 include antenna 500. For example, antenna 205 and its associated systems or antenna 305 and one or more of its associated systems may be configured to be identical to antenna 500.

[0103] Version 14 LTE and Version 15 NR support up to 32 CSI-RS antenna ports, allowing eNBs to be equipped with a large number of antenna elements (such as 64 or 128). In this case, multiple antenna elements are mapped to a single CSI-RS port. For millimeter-wave bands, while the number of antenna elements can be greater for a given form factor, the number of CSI-RS ports (which can correspond to the number of digital precoding ports) is often limited by hardware constraints (such as the feasibility of mounting a large number of millimeter-wave frequency ADCs / DACs).

[0104] exist Figure 5In the example shown, antenna 500 includes an analog phase shifter 505, an analog beamformer (BF) 510, a hybrid BF 515, a digital BF 520, and one or more antenna arrays 525. In this case, a CSI-RS port is mapped to a number of antenna elements in the antenna array 525, which can be controlled by the analog phase shifter group 505. A CSI-RS port can then correspond to a subarray that generates a narrow analog beam through analog beamforming of the analog BF 510. By changing the phase shifter group 505 on symbols or subframes, the analog beam can be configured to scan 530 over a wider angular range. The number of subarrays (equal to the number of RF chains) is related to the number of CSI-RS ports N. CSI-PORT Same. Number BF 515 across N CSI-PORT The analog beams are linearly combined to further increase the precoding gain. While the analog beams are broadband (and therefore not frequency selective), the digital precoding can vary across frequency subbands or resource blocks.

[0105] Because the aforementioned system utilizes multiple analog beams for transmission and reception (where selection of one or a few analog beams from a large number of analog beams is performed periodically, e.g., after a training duration), the term "multi-beam operation" is used to refer to this aspect of the entire system. For illustrative purposes, this includes indicating the assigned DL or UL transmit (TX) beam (also referred to as "beam indication"), measuring at least one reference signal for calculating and performing beam reporting (also referred to as "beam measurement" and "beam reporting," respectively), and receiving the DL or UL transmission via selecting the corresponding receive (RX) beam.

[0106] Additionally, the Antenna 500 system is also suitable for higher frequency bands, such as >52.6 GHz (also known as FR4). In this case, the system can only use analog beams. Due to O2 absorption loss near 60 GHz (an additional loss of approximately 10 dB at a distance of 100 meters), more and sharper analog beams (and therefore more radiators in the array) will be needed to compensate for the additional path loss.

[0107] An antenna port is defined such that the channel transmitting symbols on that antenna port can be inferred from the channel transmitting symbols on another antenna port. If the large-scale characteristics of the channel transmitting symbols on one antenna port can be inferred from the channel transmitting symbols on another antenna port, then the two antenna ports are called quasi-co-located (QCL). Large-scale characteristics include one or more of delay spread, Doppler spread, Doppler shift, average gain, average delay, and the spatial Rx parameter.

[0108] A UE can be configured with a list of up to M Transport Configuration Indicator (TCI) states within the higher-layer parameter PDSCH-Config to receive PDSCH in the serving cell, where M depends on the UE's capability maxNumberConfiguredTCIstatesPerCC (maximum number of TCI states configured per CC). Each TCI state contains parameters for configuring the QCL relationship between one or two downlink reference signals and the DMRS port of the PDSCH, the DMRS port of the corresponding PDCCH, or the CSI-RS(multiple) CSI-RS ports of CSI-RS resources. The quasi-co-address relationship is configured (if configured) by the higher-layer parameter qcl-Type1 for the first DL RS and qcl-Type2 for the second DL RS. For the two DLRS, the QCL types should not be the same, regardless of whether the reference is for the same DL RS or different DL RSs. The quasi-co-address type corresponding to each DL RS is given by the higher-layer parameter qcl-Type in QCL-Info and can take one of the following values:

[0109] -'QCL-TypeA': {Doppler frequency shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread}

[0110] -'QCL-TypeB': {Doppler frequency shift, Doppler spread}

[0111] -'QCL-TypeC': {Doppler shift, average delay}

[0112] -'QCL-TypeD': {Space reception parameters}

[0113] The UE receives a MAC-CE activation command to map up to N (e.g., N=8) TCI states to code points in the DCI field 'Transmission Configuration Indication'. When HARQ-ACK information corresponding to the PDSCH carrying the MAC-CE activation command is transmitted in time slot n, at the MAC-CE application time (e.g., from time slot...), After the first time slot begins, the mapping between the indicated TCI status and the code points in the DCI field 'Transmission Configuration Indication' should be applied, whereby... It is the number of time slots per subframe configured with subcarrier spacing (SCS) μ.

[0114] As operating frequency bands in NR become higher, UEs are evolving to accommodate multiple antenna arrays 525 or panels (each capable of transmitting via an analog beam (e.g., analog BF 510)) to enhance aspects of multi-beam operation, such as coverage enhancement, beam failure event minimization, and fast beam switching. By leveraging the capabilities of multiple panels, UE116 can achieve various diversity gains resulting from the dynamic selection of panels that the system aims to optimize for optimal performance. For example, in 3GPP 5G NR Release 17, new features are being identified and specified within the unified Transport Configuration Indicator (TCI) framework to facilitate UL beam / panel selection for UEs equipped with multiple panels, mitigating UL coverage loss from several aspects, such as the Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) issue on UE116.

[0115] For example, the beam corresponds to a spatial transmit / receive filter used by UE 116 and / or gNB 102. In one example, the beam may correspond to a spatial receive filter used by UE 116 to receive reference signals such as synchronization signals (SS) and physical broadcast channels (PBCH) (SS / PBCH blocks (SSB)) and / or CSI-RS. In another example, the beam may correspond to a spatial transmit filter used by UE 116 to transmit reference signals such as UL probe reference signals (SRS).

[0116] The beam training and measurement process may include, for example, a process in which gNB 102 configures UE 116 with a set of reference signal (RS) resources (such as SSB resources and / or CSI-RS resources) and a configuration for reporting settings, enabling the UE to report beam quality metric measurements, such as Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSI), Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), Signal-to-Interference-Noise Ratio (SINR), etc., each of which may be an L-1 measurement or a filtered L-3 measurement. In one example, UE 116 and / or gNB 102 may repeatedly transmit reference signals (RS), such as Synchronization Signal Block (SSB), CSI-RS, or SRS, multiple times at multiple times using the same spatial transmit filter, allowing gNB 102 and / or UE 116 to receive RS using different spatial receive filters respectively, in order to facilitate beam scanning and candidate / optimal beam identification based on quality metrics such as L1 / L3 RSRP or SINR. In one example, the selection of different spatial reception filters and / or quality metrics and / or selection processes can be implemented per UE / gNB.

[0117] The beam indication procedure may include, for example, a procedure in which gNB 102 instructs UE 116 to transmit an uplink channel (and / or a second uplink signal) using the same spatial filter used to receive the (first) reference signal. In another example, gNB 102 may instruct UE 116 to receive a downlink channel (and / or a second downlink signal) using the same spatial filter used to receive the (first) reference signal. Such indication may be, for example, DCI and / or MAC-CE and / or Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling.

[0118] In one example, an antenna panel, or simply a panel, can refer to an antenna array 525 or antenna subarray connected to one or more RF chains. In another example, a panel can be referred to as a transmit-receive entity (TRE), which can be implemented based on a transparent UE / gNB, such as a (multiple) MIMO diversity scheme, virtualizing multiple physical panels into a single virtual panel.

[0119] In previous NR configurations, such as up to version 17 (Rel-17 NR), multiple panels on the UE were primarily used for either simultaneous DL reception or single panel selection for UL transmission, which corresponded to the limited capabilities of multiple panels on the UE. Depending on the hardware architecture, as an example, each panel on UE 116 can perform multi-beam operation in a decoupled manner, allowing UE 116 to perform DL and UL operations simultaneously via multiple beam links, each beam link corresponding to a sufficiently reliable channel to communicate independently with gNB 102. Here, multiple beam links can be associated with one or more panels. For example, each beam link can have a different associated panel. Therefore, it is anticipated that future versions of the standard will specify more features for multi-beam operation to leverage the capabilities of UEs with a large number of multiple panels, thereby further improving the performance of multi-beam UEs.

[0120] Besides multi-beam operation, Dynamic TDD is one of the key features of NR, allowing time slots or one or more portions of time slots to be dynamically allocated to the uplink or downlink as part of the scheduler's decision. Compared to LTE systems, where the allocation between DL and UL resources in the time domain is semi-static and deterministic, Dynamic TDD provides more flexible / dynamic allocation of DL and UL resources in portions or multiple time slots, and therefore can improve several aspects such as load balancing between DL and UL resources, UL coverage, energy efficiency, and more.

[0121] In NR, three different signaling mechanisms are used for Dynamic TDD to provide UEs with information about whether resources are used for uplink or downlink transmission: 1) dynamic signaling for the scheduled UE; 2) semi-static signaling using RRC; and 3) dynamic slot format indication. Combinations of these three mechanisms are also supported. To date, all signaling mechanisms for Dynamic TDD can support "cell-specific" or "UE-specific" DL / UL resource allocation. For example, in the current NR standard, one or more UEs in a cell can be configured with the same DL / UL slot pattern, which can include DL, UL, and / or flexible slots. Then, for flexible slots (if configured), DL / UL symbol patterns can be assigned differently for each UE in a UE-specific manner. "Beam-specific" allocation of DL / UL resources is not supported, where different DL / UL resources can be assigned to each different beam link. This may limit the degrees of freedom associated with multi-beam links, which can have different DL / UL directions, which can be independent or partially independent of each other.

[0122] Figure 6 A network diagram illustrating communication with multiple terminals via different beams according to embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 6 The embodiment of network 600 shown is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0123] exist Figure 6 In the example shown, UE 116 is described as a mobile vehicle, while UE 114 and UE 115 are described as mobile devices. Additionally, UE 116, UE 115, and UE 114 are associated with gNB 102, which is capable of providing DL / UL configuration information that may differ for different beams. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0124] gNB 102 and UE 114 use beam pair 605 for DL / UL operation between them. Here, the term "beam pair" can refer to the DL TX / RX beam, the UL TX / RX beam, or the DL TX / RX and UL TX / RX beams, which can be indicated by gNB 102, for example, during multi-beam operation. If beam correspondence is established, the DL TX / RX beam can be the same as the UL RX / TX beam. In this case, the "beam pair" can be determined by the DL TX / RX beam or the UL RX / TX beam. If beam correspondence is not established, in the case of no beam correspondence, the DL TX / RX beam can be different from the UL RX / TX beam, so the "beam pair" can include the DL TX / RX and UL TX / RX beams used for DL ​​and UL operations respectively. In one example, a beam pair may refer to a spatial receive filter used by the corresponding UE to receive downlink reference signals, such as SSB or CSI-RS indicated by gNB 102, while the spatial transmit filter used by gNB 102 to transmit downlink reference signals may be transparent to the corresponding UE. In another example, a beam pair may refer to a spatial transmit filter used by the corresponding UE to transmit uplink reference signals (such as SRS) indicated by gNB 102, while the spatial receive filter used by gNB 102 to receive uplink reference signals may be transparent to the corresponding UE. gNB 102 and UE 115 use beam pair 610 for DL / UL operations between them. Furthermore, gNB 102 and UE 116 use beam pairs 615 and 620 for DL / UL operations between them. Here, DL / UL operations can be performed differently based on the DL / UL configuration information associated with each beam pair 605, 610, 615, and 620, respectively. Therefore, for UE 116 in this example, different DL / UL operations can be performed based on the DL / UL configurations associated with each beam pair 615 and 620, respectively. Figure 6 In the example shown, the maximum number of beam pairs configured for the UE is two, but in other cases there can be more than two beams.

[0125] To facilitate beam management at the UE (or gNB) for beam-specific DL and UL operations, self-interference measurement and reporting are essential, as self-interference varies with channel conditions, transmit power, beam selection at the panel, and other factors. Therefore, mechanisms / processes / components for self-interference measurement and reporting need to be introduced into the standard to measure / report signal quality including self-interference, enabling the gNB (or NW) to enhance beam management for UEs capable of beam-specific DL and UL operations.

[0126] Figure 7A self-interference measurement and reporting process according to an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Although the flowchart depicts a series of sequential steps, unless explicitly stated otherwise, one should not infer from this sequence a specific order of execution, a sequential execution of steps or portions thereof rather than simultaneous or overlapping execution, or the execution of specifically described steps without intermediate or overlapping steps. The process depicted in the illustrated example is implemented by, for example, a transmitter chain in a UE. Process 700 can be performed by, for example, UEs 114, 115, and 116 in network 600.

[0127] In operation 705, UE 116 is configured to transmit N RSs and measure the signal quality of the RSs transmitted within a time period. This configuration can be transmitted by the NW / gNB via higher-layer (RRC) signaling. Optionally, the NW / gNB can dynamically signal / update the RSs via L1 or L2 DL control (i.e., PDCCH or MAC CE). The temporal behavior of the self-interference measurement RS resources can be configured as aperiodic (AP), semi-persistent (SP), or periodic (P). In some embodiments, the RS can be an SRS, any other UL RS, or a novel RS for self-interference measurement. In some embodiments, the time period can be a symbol, time slot, subframe, and / or frame. In some embodiments, when N > 1, the N RSs can be different (e.g., each RS is associated with a different beam). In some embodiments, when N > 1, some of the N RSs can be the same (e.g., the same beam), and the remaining RSs can be different (e.g., different beams). In some embodiments, all N RSs can be the same RS. When all N RSs are the same RS, the UE is configured to repeatedly transmit the same RS (e.g., associated with the same beam) N times, and measure the signal quality of the transmitted RS at each transmission time. In some embodiments, N = 1.

[0128] In operation 710, UE 116 transmits RS according to its configuration and measures the signal quality of the transmitted RS. In one example, the signal quality can be RSRP, RSRQ, SINR, etc.

[0129] In operation 715, UE 116 executes a measurement report. In some embodiments, the measurement report may contain L minimum (or maximum) RSRPs (i.e., minimum / maximum self-interference) and / or corresponding RS indices (e.g., CRI, SSB-RI, Probe Resource Indicator (SRI)), where 1 ≤ L ≤ N. In some embodiments, the measurement report may contain all RSRPs. In some embodiments, UE 116 may execute the measurement report based on a trigger event assessment. In some embodiments, UE 116 may be configured to report aperiodically, semi-permanently, or periodically.

[0130] Figure 8 Another process for self-interference measurement and reporting according to an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Although the flowchart describes a series of sequential steps, unless explicitly stated otherwise, one should not infer from this sequence a specific order of execution, the sequential execution of steps or portions thereof rather than simultaneous or overlapping execution, or the execution of specifically described steps without intermediate or overlapping steps. The process depicted in the illustrated example is implemented by, for example, a transmitter chain in a UE. Process 700 can be performed by, for example, UEs 114, 115, and 116 in network 600.

[0131] In operation 805, UE 116 is configured to transmit N UL RSs at a first set of M1 antenna ports and measure the signal quality of the UL RSs during the time period T of the UL RS transmission time using a second set of M2 antenna ports. This configuration can be transmitted by the network (NW) / gNB via higher-layer (RRC) signaling. Optionally, the NW / gNB can dynamically signal / update the UL RSs via L1 or L2 DL control (i.e., PDCCH or MAC control unit (CE)). The temporal behavior of the self-interference measurement RS resources can be configured as aperiodic (AP), semi-persistent (SP), or periodic (P). In one example, the UL RSs can be SRSs or novel RSs for self-interference measurement. In one example, the N UL RSs are divided into K sets (e.g., SRS-ResourceSet, which can be linked as an antenna panel concept). In this case:

[0132]

[0133] Where N k It is the number of UL RS in set K, and N in each set k kEach UL RS in a set of UL RSs can be associated with a UL TX beam. For example, if K = M1, each UL RS set k can be associated with each port of a first set of M1 antenna ports. In one example, the first set of M1 antenna ports may be different from a second set of M2 antenna ports. In another example, the first set of M1 antenna ports and the second set of M2 antenna ports are the same (e.g., this relates to a full-duplex case where each port can transmit and receive simultaneously). In one example, each port of M2 antenna ports can be configured to use an RX beam for each UL RS transmission. In one example, the RX beam at some or all ports is not explicitly configured. In another example, the RX beam at some or all ports can be configured, for example, using TCI states. In one example, T = N. In another example, T is independent of N. In another example, T > N. In yet another example, when N UL RSs are divided into K sets, i.e., as shown in Equation 1 above, T = max{N1, ..., N} K}

[0134] In operation 810, UE 116 transmits UL RS at the antenna ports of the first set according to its configuration, and uses the antenna ports of the second set to measure the signal quality of the UL RS over a time period. In one example, the signal quality can be RSRP, RSRQ, SINR, etc.

[0135] In operation 815, UE 116 executes a measurement report. In one example, the measurement report may contain L minimum (or maximum) RSRPs (i.e., self-interference) and / or corresponding RS indices (e.g., CRI, SSB Resource Indicator (SSB-RI), SRI), where 1 ≤ L ≤ N. In another example, the measurement report may contain L minimum (or maximum) RSRPs (i.e., self-interference) and / or corresponding RS indices (e.g., CRI, SSB-RI, SRI) for each of M2 antenna ports, where 1 ≤ L ≤ N. In one example, the measurement report may contain all RSRPs (or RSRQ, SINR, etc.) of the RS. In another example, the measurement report may contain L... k A minimum (or maximum) RSRP (i.e., self-interference) and / or corresponding RS index (e.g., SRI when SRS is used for RS), where for the case where N UL RS are divided into K sets, i.e., as shown in Equation 1 above, 1 ≤ L k ≤N k In one example, UE 116 can perform measurement reporting based on a triggered event assessment. In another example, UE 116 can be configured to report aperiodically, semi-permanently, or periodically.

[0136] Figure 9 A first UE operation according to an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Figure 9 The embodiment of UE operation 900 shown is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0137] exist Figure 9 In the example shown, UE 116 includes at least two panels, including a first antenna panel 905 and a second antenna panel 910. Each of panels 905 and 910 is configured to communicate via multiple beams. Additionally, the number of the first set of M1 antenna ports, the number of the second set of M2 antenna ports, the number of transmissions N, and the time period T are the same. That is, N = M1 = M2 = T = 1.

[0138] UE 116 is configured to transmit ULRS (such as SRS) 915 from a second antenna panel 910 associated with a first set of M1 antenna ports, and to measure ULRS at a first antenna panel 905 associated with a second set of M2 antenna ports during the UL RS transmission time. UL RS (e.g., SRS) 915 may be associated with a UL TX beam 920. The RX beam 925 in the first antenna panel 905 for UL RS reception may be explicitly or implicitly configured. For example, a TCI state may be used to indicate the RX beam 925 to measure the signal quality of UL RS 915. Once UE 116 transmits and measures UL RS 915 according to its configuration, UE 116 performs a measurement report. In one example, the measurement report may include the RSRP of UL RS 915. In some embodiments, the measurement report may include a one-bit indicator, such as 0 or 1, indicating whether the RSRP of UL RS 915 is large or small. In some embodiments, the criterion for determining "large" is pre-configured or fixed. In some embodiments, panel index information is included in the measurement report.

[0139] Figure 10 A second UE operation according to an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Figure 10 The illustrated embodiment of UE operation 1000 is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0140] exist Figure 10In the example shown, UE 116 includes at least two panels, including a first antenna panel 905 and a second antenna panel 910. Each of panels 905 and 910 is configured to communicate via multiple beams. Furthermore, the number of a first set of M1 antenna ports matches the number of a second set of M2 antenna ports, where the number of transmissions N and the time period T are greater than 1. That is, M1 = M2 = 1, and N = T > 1, and the N UL RSs are identical (i.e., the same UL TX beam is used to transmit the N UL RSs).

[0141] In some embodiments, UE 116 is configured to repeatedly transmit the same UL RSSN times from a second antenna panel 905 associated with a first set of M1 antenna ports; this is a repeated transmission mode (“repeated mode”). UL RS (e.g., SRS) 1005 may be associated with UL TX beam 1010. Furthermore, UE 116 is configured to measure each UL RS at the first antenna panel 905 associated with the second set of M2 antenna ports for each of T (=N) UL transmission times. For each UL RS 1005 transmission from the first set of M1 antenna ports (i.e., from the second antenna panel 910), UE 116 may be configured to measure the signal quality of the UL RS at the second set of M2 antenna ports using a different RX beam (i.e., using RX beam scanning measurement 1015, which is a beam scanning measurement mode, as shown in the first antenna panel 905).

[0142] In some embodiments, the set of different RX beams used to measure the UL RS at the second set of M2 antenna ports (i.e., at the first antenna panel 905) can be configured, fixed, or dependent on UE implementation issues. That is, the set of different RX beams at the first antenna panel 905 can be pre-configured, fixed, or dependent on a specific UE implementation. In some embodiments, the TCI state can be used to indicate the RX beams for performing RX beam scanning measurements. Once the UE 116 sends the UL RS 1005 according to the configuration and measures the UL RS, the UE 116 executes a measurement report. In some embodiments, the measurement report may include L minimum (or maximum) RSRPs (or RSRQs, SINRs) of the UL RS and / or their corresponding RX beam indices (e.g., SSB-RI, CRI). In some embodiments, the measurement report may only include the minimum (or maximum) RSRPs among the N UL RS measurements. In one example, panel ID information is included in the measurement report.

[0143] Figure 11 A third UE operation according to an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Figure 11The embodiment of UE operation 1100 shown is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0144] exist Figure 11 In the example shown, UE 116 includes at least two panels, including a first antenna panel 905 and a second antenna panel 910. Each of panels 905 and 910 is configured to communicate via multiple beams. Furthermore, the number of a first set of M1 antenna ports matches the number of a second set of M2 antenna ports, where the number of transmissions N and the time period T are greater than 1. That is, M1 = M2 = 1, and N = T > 1, and the N UL RSs are different (i.e., the same UL TX beam is used to transmit the UL RSs).

[0145] In some embodiments, UE 116 is configured to transmit N different UL RSs from a second antenna panel 910 associated with a first set of M1 antenna ports, and each of the different UL RSs is transmitted in each UL transmission time, i.e., beam scanning transmission mode 1105. Each of the N different UL RSs 1110 (e.g., SRS) may be associated with different UL TX beams 1115a-n. Furthermore, UE 116 is configured to measure each UL RS at the first antenna panel 905 associated with the second set of M2 antenna ports for each of T (=N) UL transmission times. For each UL RS transmission from the first set of M1 antenna ports (i.e., the second antenna panel 910), UE 116 may be configured to use the same RX beam 1120 (i.e., RX beam repetition measurement) to measure the signal quality of the ULRS 1110 at the second set of M2 antenna ports, i.e., beam repetition measurement mode, as shown in the first antenna panel 905. In one example, the same RX beam 1120 used for measuring UL RS at the second set of M2 antenna ports (i.e., the first antenna panel 905) can be configured, fixed, or depend on UE implementation issues. In one example, the TCI state can be used to instruct the RX beam to perform repeated RX beam measurements. Once the UE 116 sends UL RS 1110 according to the configuration and measures the UL RS, the UE 116 executes a measurement report. In some embodiments, the measurement report may include L minimum (or maximum) RSRPs (or RSRQs, SINRs) and / or corresponding UL RS indices (e.g., SRIs) in the UL RS. In some embodiments, the measurement report may only include the minimum (or maximum) RSRPs among N UL RS measurements. In some embodiments, panel ID information is included in the measurement report.

[0146] Figure 12A fourth UE operation according to an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Figure 12 The embodiment of UE operation 1200 shown is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0147] exist Figure 12 In the example shown, UE 116 includes at least four panels, including a first antenna panel 1205, a second antenna panel 1210, a third panel 1215, and a fourth panel 1220. Each of panels 1205, 1210, 1215, and 1220 is configured to communicate via multiple beams. Additionally, M1 = 1, M2 = 3, N = T > 1, and N UL RS are identical.

[0148] In some embodiments, UE 116 is configured to repeatedly transmit the same UL RSSN times from a second antenna panel 1210 associated with a first set of M1 antenna ports, i.e., in a repetitive transmission mode. UL RS 1225 (e.g., SRS) may be associated with UL TX beam 1230. Furthermore, UE 116 is configured to measure UL RS at each of the first antenna panel 1205, third antenna panel 1215, and fourth antenna panels 1220 and 124 associated with a second set of M2 antenna ports for each of T (=N) UL transmission times. For each UL RS transmission from the first set of M1 antenna ports (i.e., the second antenna panel 1210), UE 116 can be configured to measure the signal quality of UL RS 1225 at each of the M2 antenna ports using different RX beams (e.g., RX beams 1235a-n of the first antenna panel 1205, RX beams 1240a-n of the third antenna panel 1215, and RX beams 1245a-n of the fourth antenna panel 1220). In some embodiments, the set of different RX beams used for measuring UL RS at each of the M2 antenna ports (i.e., the first antenna panel 1205, the third antenna panel 1215, and the fourth antenna panel 1220) can be configured, fixed, or depend on UE implementation issues. In some embodiments, the TCI state can be used to indicate the RX beams to perform RX beam scan 1250 measurements. Once UE 116 transmits and measures UL RS 1225 according to its configuration, UE 116 performs a measurement report. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes L minimum (or maximum) RSRP (or RSRQ, SINR) of the ULRS and / or the corresponding RX beam index (e.g., SSB-RI, CRI) and / or the corresponding panel index. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes L minimum (or maximum) RSRP (or RSRQ, SINR) of the ULRS for each of M2 antenna ports (i.e., the first antenna panel 1205, the third antenna panel 1215, and the fourth antenna panel 1220) and / or the corresponding RX beam index (e.g., SSB-RI, CRI). In some embodiments, panel ID information is included in the measurement report.

[0149] Figure 13 A fifth UE operation according to an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Figure 13 The illustrated embodiment of UE operation 1300 is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0150] exist Figure 13In the example shown, UE 116 includes at least four panels, including a first antenna panel 1205, a second antenna panel 1210, a third panel 1215, and a fourth panel 1220. Each of panels 1205, 1210, 1215, and 1220 is configured to communicate via multiple beams. Furthermore, M1=1, M2=3, and N=T>1 and N UL RSs are different, i.e., different UL TX beams are used to transmit the UL RSs.

[0151] In some embodiments, UE 116 is configured to transmit N distinct UL RS 1305 from a second antenna panel 1210 associated with a first set of M1 antenna ports, and each of the distinct UL RS 1305 is transmitted during a UL transmission time, i.e., a beam scan 1310 transmission mode. Here, each of the N distinct UL RS (e.g., SRS) may be associated with a distinct UL TX beam (such as beams 1315a-n of the second antenna panel 1210). Furthermore, UE 116 is configured to measure each UL RS at the first antenna panel 1205, third antenna panel 1215, and fourth antenna panel 1220 associated with a second set of M2 antenna ports for each of T (=N) UL transmission times. For each UL RS transmission from the first set of M1 antenna ports (i.e., the second antenna panel 1210), the UE 116 can be configured to use the same RX beams (i.e., RX beam 1320 of the first antenna panel 1205, RX beam 1325 of the third antenna panel 1215, and RX beam 1330 of the fourth antenna panel 1220) to measure the signal quality of the UL RS at each of the M2 antenna ports, i.e., an RX beam repetitive measurement mode. In some embodiments, the same RX beams (i.e., RX beams 1320, 1325, and 1330) used to measure the UL RS at each of the M2 antenna ports (i.e., the first antenna panel 1205, the third antenna panel 1215, and the fourth antenna panel 1220) can be configured, fixed, or depend on UE implementation issues. In some embodiments, the TCI state can be used to indicate the RX beams to perform RX beam repetitive measurements at each of the M2 antenna ports. Once UE 116 sends UL RS 1305 according to its configuration and measures the UL RS, UE 116 executes a measurement report. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes L minimum (or maximum) RSRPs (or RSRQs, SINRs) and / or corresponding UL RS indices (e.g., SRIs) and / or corresponding panel indices in the UL RS. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes L minimum (or maximum) RSRPs (or RSRQs, SINRs) and / or corresponding UL RS indices (e.g., SRIs) for each of the M2 antenna ports (i.e., the first antenna panel 1205, the third antenna panel 1215, and the fourth antenna panel 1220). In some embodiments, the measurement report only includes the minimum (or maximum) RSRPs among the N UL RS measurements. In some cases, panel ID information is included in the measurement report.

[0152] Figure 14The process for self-interference and DLRS measurement and reporting according to embodiments of this disclosure is illustrated. Although the flowchart describes a series of sequential steps, unless explicitly stated otherwise, one should not infer from this sequence a particular order of execution, the sequential execution of steps or portions thereof rather than simultaneous or overlapping execution, or the execution of specifically described steps without intermediate or intermediate steps. The process depicted in the illustrated example is implemented by, for example, a transmitter chain in a UE. Process 1400 can be performed by, for example, UEs 114, 115, and 116 in network 600.

[0153] In operation 1405, UE 116 is configured to transmit N UL RSs, receive P DL RSs, and measure the signal quality of the RSs over a time period. This configuration can be transmitted by the NW / gNB via higher-layer (RRC) signaling. Optionally, the NW / gNB can dynamically signal / update the RSs via L1 or L2 DL control (i.e., PDCCH or MAC CE). The temporal behavior of the self-interference and DL measurement RS resources can be configured as aperiodic (AP), semi-persistent (SP), or periodic (P). In some embodiments, the UL RS can be an SRS, or a novel RS for self-interference measurement. For example, a UL RS similar to a DL-RS (e.g., a CSI-RS) can be defined as a novel RS for SINR measurement including self-interference. For example, UE 116 can measure the SINR of the DL CSI-RS including self-interference while a CSI-RS-like UL RS is being transmitted. In some embodiments, the DL RS can be an SSB, CSI-RS, or DMRS. In some embodiments, the time period can be a symbol, a slot, a subframe, and / or a frame. For example, when N > 1, the N UL RSs can be different (e.g., each UL RS is associated with a different beam). In another example, when N > 1, some of the N UL RSs can be the same (e.g., the same beam), and the remaining UL RSs can be different (e.g., different beams). In another example, all N UL RSs can be the same RS. In this case, UE 116 can be configured to repeatedly transmit the same UL RS (e.g., associated with the same beam) N times and measure the signal quality of the transmitted UL RS at each transmission time. In another example, N = 1. In another example, when P > 1, the P DL RSs can be different (e.g., each DL RS is associated with a different beam). In another example, when P > 1, the signal quality of the UL RSs. In another example, N = 1. In another example, when P > 1, some of the P DL RSs can be the same (e.g., the same beam), and the remaining DL RSs can be different (e.g., different beams). In another example, all P UL RSs can be the same RS. In this scenario, UE 116 can be configured to repeatedly receive the same DL RS (e.g., associated with the same beam) P times, and measure the signal quality of the DL RS at each transmission time. In another example, P = 1.

[0154] In operation 1410, UE 116 transmits UL RS, receives DL RS according to its configuration, and measures the signal quality of the RS. In some embodiments, the signal quality may be RSRP, RSRQ, SINR, etc. In some embodiments, UE 116 performs continuous interference cancellation to measure UL RS self-interference and DL RS signal quality.

[0155] In operation 1415, UE 116 executes a measurement report. In some embodiments, the measurement report contains L minimum (or maximum) RSRP, RSRQ, or SINR (i.e., minimum / maximum self-interference and / or DL ​​RS signal quality) and / or corresponding RS indices (e.g., CRI, SSB-RI, SRI), where 1 ≤ L ≤ N. In some embodiments, the measurement report contains all RSRPs of the RS. In some embodiments, UE 116 executes the measurement report based on a trigger event assessment. In some embodiments, UE 116 is configured to report aperiodically, semi-permanently, or periodically.

[0156] Figure 15 Another process for self-interference and DLRS measurement and reporting according to an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Although the flowchart describes a series of sequential steps, unless explicitly stated otherwise, one should not infer from this sequence a particular order of execution, the sequential execution of steps or portions thereof rather than simultaneous or overlapping execution, or the execution of steps specifically described without intermediate or intermediate steps. The process depicted in the illustrated example is implemented by, for example, a transmitter chain in a UE. Process 1400 may be performed by, for example, UEs 114, 115, and 116 in network 600.

[0157] In operation 1505, UE 116 is configured to transmit N UL RSs at a first set of M1 antenna ports, receive P DL RSs at a second set of M2 antenna ports, and measure the signal quality of the RSs within a time period T of the UL RS transmission time. This configuration can be transmitted by the NW / gNB via higher-layer (RRC) signaling. Optionally, the NW / gNB can dynamically signal / update the RSs via L1 or L2 DL control (i.e., PDCCH or MAC CE). The temporal behavior of the self-interference and DL measurement RS resources can be configured as aperiodic (AP), semi-persistent (SP), or periodic (P). In some embodiments, the UL RS can be an SRS or a novel RS for self-interference measurement. For example, a UL RS similar to a DL-RS (e.g., a CSI-RS similar to a CSI-RS) can be defined as a novel RS for SINR measurement including self-interference. For example, when a UL RS, similar to a CSI-RS, is transmitted at a second set of M2 antenna ports, the UE 116 can measure the SINR, including self-interference, of the DL CSI-RS at a first set of M1 antenna ports. In some embodiments, the DL RS can be an SSB, CSI-RS, or DMRS. In some embodiments, the N UL RSs are divided into K sets (e.g., SRS-ResourceSet, which may be linked to the concept of an antenna panel). In this case,

[0158]

[0159] Where N k It is the number of UL RS in set K, and N in each set k k Each UL RS in a set of UL RSs can be associated with a UL TX beam. For example, if K = M1, then each UL RS set k can be associated with each port of a first set of M1 antenna ports. In some embodiments, P UL RSs are divided into S sets (e.g., CSI-RS-ResourceSet, which can be linked to the concept of an antenna panel). In this case,

[0160]

[0161] Where P s It is the number of DL RS in set S, and P in each set s sEach DL RS in a set of M1 antenna ports can be associated with a DL RX beam. For example, if S = M2, then each set of DL RSs can be associated with each port of a first set of M2 antenna ports. In one example, the first set of M1 antenna ports can be different from the second set of M2 antenna ports. In another example, the first set of M1 antenna ports and the second set of M2 antenna ports are the same; that is, this case relates to a full-duplex situation where each port can transmit and receive simultaneously. In one example,

[0162] T = max{N, P} - Equation (3).

[0163] In another example, T is independent of N and P. In another example,

[0164] T = max{N1, ..., N} K P1, ... P S Equation (4)

[0165] When N DL RSs are divided into K sets, as shown in Equation 1 above, and P DL RSs are divided into S sets, that is:

[0166]

[0167] In operation 1510, UE 116 transmits UL RS at a first set of M1 antenna ports and receives DL RS at a second set of M2 antenna ports, according to its configuration, and measures the signal quality of RS over a time period. In some embodiments, the signal quality may be RSRP, RSRQ, SINR, etc. In some embodiments, UE 116 performs continuous interference cancellation to measure the self-interference of ULRS and the signal quality of DL RS separately. In some embodiments, UE 116 calculates SINR including the self-interference measurement, which may be configured to be reported.

[0168] In operation 1515, UE 116 executes a measurement report. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes L minimum (or maximum) RSRPs (e.g., self-interference) of the UL RS and / or G maximum (or minimum) RSRPs (e.g., DL RS signal quality) of the DL RS and / or corresponding RS indices (e.g., CRI, SSB-RI, SRI), where 1 ≤ L ≤ N and 1 ≤ G ≤ P. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes the above embodiments for each of M2 antenna ports. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes L maximum (or minimum) SINRs and / or corresponding RS indices (e.g., CRI, SSB-RI, SRI), where SINR can be calculated while measuring the DL RS during the transmission of the UL RS, where 1 ≤ L ≤ min(N, P). In some embodiments, the measurement report may include the above examples for each of M2 antenna ports. In some embodiments, the measurement report may include all RSRPs (or RSRQ, SINR, etc.) of the RS. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes L minimum (or maximum) RSRPs (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, etc.) of the UL RS. k The minimum (or maximum) RSRP (i.e., self-interference) and / or DL ​​RS of G s There are a maximum (or minimum) RSRP and / or the corresponding RS index (e.g., CRI, SSB-RI, SRI), where for the N UL RSs are divided into K sets, i.e., as in Equation 1 above, 1 ≤ L k ≤N k And for the case where P DLRS are divided into S sets, i.e., as in equation 2 above, 1≤G s ≤P s In some embodiments, UE 116 performs measurement reporting based on trigger event evaluation. In some embodiments, UE 116 is configured to report aperiodically, semi-permanently, or periodically.

[0169] Figure 16 Example operation of a UE according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 16 The illustrated embodiment of UE operation 1600 is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0170] exist Figure 16In the example shown, N = P = M1 = M2 = T. In some embodiments, UE 116 is configured to transmit UL RS (e.g., SRS) from a second antenna panel 910 associated with a first set of M1 antenna ports and receive DL RS at a first antenna panel 905 associated with a second set of M2 antenna ports, and measure RS over a time period. UL RS (e.g., SRS) may be associated with UL TX beam 1605. In some embodiments, UE 116 may be configured to measure the signal quality of DL RS via RX beam 1610 while transmitting UL RS. In some embodiments, UE 116 may be configured to measure the signal quality of both DL RS and UL RS. In this case, UE 116 may perform continuous interference cancellation to calculate the signal quality. Once UE 116 has transmitted UL RS, received DL RS, and measured RS according to its configuration, UE 116 performs a measurement report. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes RSRP / RSRQ / SINR of DL RS and UL RS. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes a single indicator, either 0 or 1, indicating whether the RSRP / RSRQ / SINR of the DL RS and UL RS is greater than or less than 1. In this case, the criterion for determining "great" is pre-configured or fixed. In some embodiments, panel index information is included in the measurement report.

[0171] Figure 17 Example operation of a UE according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 17 The illustrated embodiment of UE operation 1700 is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0172] exist Figure 17In the example shown, when M1 = M2 = 1, N = P = T > 1, and the N UL RSs are identical (i.e., the N UL RSs are transmitted using the same UL TX beam), and P DL RSs are received using different DL RX beams. In some embodiments, UE 116 is configured to repeatedly transmit the same UL RSs SN times from a second antenna panel 910 associated with a first set of M1 antenna ports, i.e., in a repetitive transmission mode. UL RSs (e.g., SRSs) may be associated with UL TX beam 1705. Furthermore, UE 116 is configured to receive each of the P DL RSs at a first antenna panel 905 associated with a second set of M2 antenna ports for each of the T (= N= P) RS transmission times. For each UL RS transmission from the first set of M1 antenna ports (i.e., the second antenna panel 910), UE 116 can be configured to measure the signal quality (and / or the signal quality of each UL RS) at the second set of M2 antenna ports using different DL RX beams (i.e., measured via beam scan 1710). Once UE 116 transmits UL RS, receives DL RS, and measures the signal quality of RS according to the configuration, UE 116 executes a measurement report. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes L minimum (or maximum) RSRPs (or RSRQs, SINRs) of the RS and / or the corresponding RS beam indices (e.g., SSB-RI, CRI). In some embodiments, the measurement report only includes the minimum (or maximum) RSRP among N (= P) RS measurements. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes panel ID information.

[0173] Figure 18 Example operation of a UE according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 18 The illustrated embodiment of UE operation 1800 is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0174] exist Figure 18In the example shown, when M1 = M2 = 1, N = T > 1, and the N UL RSs are different (i.e., the UL RSs are transmitted using different UL TX beams), and the same DL RX beam is used to receive P DL RSs. In some embodiments, UE 116 is configured to transmit N different UL RSs from a second antenna panel 905 associated with a first set of M1 antenna ports, and each of the different UL RSs is transmitted in each UL transmission time, i.e., beam scanning transmission mode 1805. Here, each of the different N UL RSs (e.g., SRSs) can be associated with a different UL TX beam 1810a-n. Furthermore, UE 116 is configured to receive each of the P DL RSs at the first antenna panel 905 associated with a second set of M2 antenna ports for each of T (= N= P) RS transmission times. For each UL RS transmission from the first set of M1 antenna ports (i.e., the second antenna panel 910), UE 116 can be configured to use the same DL RX beam 1815 to measure the signal quality of each DL RS (and / or the signal quality of each UL RS) at the second set of M2 antenna ports (i.e., repeated DL RX beam measurement), which is the beam reporting measurement mode. Once UE 116 transmits UL RS, receives DL RS, and measures the signal quality of RS according to the configuration, UE 116 performs a measurement report. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes L minimum (or maximum) RSRPs (or RSRQs, SINRs) of the RS and / or the corresponding UL RS indices (e.g., SRIs). In some embodiments, the measurement report only includes the minimum (or maximum) RSRPs among N (= P) RS measurements. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes the panel ID.

[0175] Figure 19 Another example operation of a UE according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 19 The illustrated embodiment of UE operation 1900 is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0176] exist Figure 19In the example shown, when M1=1, M2=3, N=P=T>1 and N UL RSs are identical (i.e., the UL RSs are transmitted using the same UL TX beam), and P DL RSs are received at each of the M2 antenna ports (panels) using a different DLRX beam. In some embodiments, UE 116 is configured to repeatedly transmit the same UL RSSNs from a second antenna panel 910 associated with a first set of M1 antenna ports, i.e., in a repetitive transmission mode. UL RSs (e.g., SRSs) may be associated with UL TX beam 1905. Furthermore, UE 116 is configured to receive each of the P DL RSs at a first antenna panel 905, a third antenna panel 1215, and a fourth antenna panel 1220 associated with a second set of M2 antenna ports for each of the T (=N=P) RS transmission times. For each UL RS transmission from the first set of M1 antenna ports (i.e., the second antenna panel 910), UE 116 can be configured to use different DL RX beams to measure the signal quality (and / or the signal quality of each UL RS) at each port of M2 antenna ports, i.e., DL RX beam scanning measurement 1910, i.e., beam scanning measurement mode. Once UE 116 transmits UL RS, receives DL RS, and measures the signal quality of RS according to the configuration, UE 116 executes a measurement report. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes L minimum (or maximum) RSRP (or RSRQ, SINR) of the RS and / or the corresponding RS (or RX beam) index (e.g., SSB-RI, CRI) and / or the corresponding panel index. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes L minimum (or maximum) RSRP (or RSRQ, SINR) of the RS at each port of antenna ports (i.e., panels 1, 3, and 4) and / or the corresponding RS (or RX beam) index (e.g., SSB-RI, CRI). In some embodiments, the measurement report includes panel ID information.

[0177] Figure 20 Another example operation of a UE according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 20 The illustrated embodiment of UE operation 2000 is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0178] exist Figure 20In the example shown, when M1=1, M2=3, N=P=T>1 and the N UL RSs are different (i.e., the UL RSs are transmitted using different UL TX beams), and the same DLRX beam is used to receive P DL RSs at each of the M2 antenna ports (panels). In some embodiments, the UE 116 is configured to transmit N different UL RSs from a second antenna panel 910 associated with a first set of M1 antenna ports, and each of the different UL RSs is transmitted during the UL transmission time, i.e., using beam scanning transmission mode 2005. Figure 20 In the example shown, each of the N different ULRS (e.g., SRS) can be associated with a different UL TX beam 2010a-n. Furthermore, UE 116 is configured to receive each of P DL RS at a first antenna panel 905, a third antenna panel 1215, and a fourth antenna panel 1220 associated with a second set of M2 antenna ports for each of T (=n=P) RS transmission times. For each UL RS transmission from the first set of M1 antenna ports (i.e., the second antenna panel 910), UE 116 can be configured to use the same DL RX beam 2015 to measure the signal quality of the DL RS (and / or the signal quality of the ULRS) at each of the M2 antenna ports. Once UE 116 transmits UL RS, receives DL RS, and measures RS according to its configuration, UE 116 performs a measurement report. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes L minimum (or maximum) RSRPs (or RSRQs, SINRs) and / or corresponding RS indices (e.g., SSB-RI, CSI-RS, SRI) and / or corresponding panel indices for the RS. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes L minimum (or maximum) RSRPs (or RSRQs, SINRs) and / or corresponding RS indices (e.g., SSB-RI, CSI-RS, SRI) for each of the M2 antenna ports (i.e., the first antenna panel 905, the third antenna panel 1215, and the fourth antenna panel 1220). In some embodiments, the measurement report only includes the minimum (or maximum) RSRP among N (= P) RS measurements. In some embodiments, the measurement report includes panel ID information.

[0179] Compared to multi-panel operation, beam failure events can occur more frequently when the UE / NW can use beam-specific DL and UL operation. This can lead to beam failures because the UE can use different beam links for different DL and UL directions, making it possible for each beam link to easily maintain good radio link quality due to a loss of diversity gain, whereas diversity gain could be achieved if all multi-panels are used for the same DL or UL direction. Therefore, to reliably facilitate beam-specific DL and UL operation on the UE, embodiments of this disclosure provide several enhancements to the link recovery and refinement processes, including measurement and evaluation of link recovery, beam failure detection, new beam identification, beam failure recovery request / response, and radio (or beam) link refinement processes.

[0180] Figure 21 The present disclosure illustrates a scenario in which a network (NW) communicates with a UE via a multi-beam link. Figure 21 The embodiment of scenario 2100 shown is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0181] Figure 21The example shown illustrates scenario 2100, where an NW, gNB, or BS, such as gNB103, communicates with UE 116 via multiple beam links. As an example, UE 116 is associated with BS 103, which is capable of providing DL / UL configuration information that may differ for different beam links of UE 116. gNB 103 and UE 116 use beam pairs 2105 and 2110 for different DL / UL operations, such as DL and UL timeslot / symbol configurations. The term "beam pair" can refer to a DL TX / RX beam, a UL TX / RX beam, or DL ​​TX / RX and UL TX / RX beams, which can be indicated by gNB 103, for example, during multi-beam operation. If beam correspondence is established, the DL TX(RX) beam can be the same as the UL RX(TX) beam. In this case, the "beam pair" can be determined by either the DL TX / RX beam or the UL RX / TX beam. If beam correspondence is not established, then in the case where there is no beam correspondence, the DL TX / RX beam may be different from the UL RX / TX beam. Therefore, a "beam pair" may include DL TX / RX and UL TX / RX beams used for DL ​​and UL operations, respectively. In some embodiments, a beam pair may refer to the spatial receive filter used by UE 116 to receive downlink reference signals (such as SSB or CSI-RS indicated by gNB 103), while the spatial transmit filter used by gNB 103 to transmit downlink reference signals may be transparent to UE 116. In some embodiments, a beam pair may refer to the spatial transmit filter used by UE 116 to transmit uplink reference signals (such as SRS indicated by gNB 103), while the spatial receive filter used by gNB 103 to receive uplink reference signals may be transparent to UE 116. For UE 116 and gNB 103 in the example shown, DL / UL operations can be performed differently based on the DL / UL configuration information associated with each of beam pairs 2105 and 2110, respectively.

[0182] Figure 22 Self-interference measurement of a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 22 The embodiment of the self-interference measurement 2200 shown is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0183] exist Figure 22In the example shown, UE 116 transmits a signal via TX beam 2205. This signal is reflected by a reflective object such as reflector 2210 and received as self-interference via RX beam 2215. Self-interference can vary within a selected beam at the panel of UE 116. Furthermore, self-interference may vary depending on the environment. That is, self-interference may vary due to factors other than transmission before and after the panel. Therefore, in some embodiments, beam management for wavelength division multiplexing (BDD) is performed when self-interference is taken into account.

[0184] Figure 23 Another process for self-interference and DLRS measurement and reporting according to embodiments of this disclosure is illustrated. Although the flowchart describes a series of sequential steps, unless explicitly stated otherwise, one should not infer from this sequence a particular order of execution, the sequential execution of steps or portions thereof rather than simultaneous or overlapping execution, or the execution of steps specifically described without intermediate or intermediate steps. The process 2300 depicted in the illustrated example is implemented by, for example, a transmitter chain in a UE. Process 2300 may be performed by, for example, UEs 114, 115, and 116 in network 600.

[0185] In operation 2305, UE 116 is configured to perform one or more DL RS measurements at the antenna ports of a first set and to perform multiple UL RS transmissions at the antenna ports of a second set. In some embodiments, the configured DL RS may include CSI-RS, SSB, and DMRS. In some embodiments, the configured DL RS may be an RS used for link recovery procedures and is configured by higher layers using parameters failureDetectionResources, beamFailureDetectionResourcesList, candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSListExt, and candidateBeamRSCellList. In some embodiments, the configured UL RS may include SRS, DMRS, and / or any novel ULRS. In some embodiments, the configured UL RS may be an SRS corresponding to the current beam link at the antenna ports of the second set. In some embodiments, the UL RS may be the SRS corresponding to the candidate beam links for link recovery at the antenna ports of the second set (e.g., indicated by a higher layer with the parameter CandidateBeamRSs). UE116 may be configured to measure the signal quality of the DL RS. In some embodiments, UE116 may measure the block error rate (BLER) and / or RSRP (or RSRQ, including other metrics such as bit error rate (BER)) of the DL RS and / or UL RS at the antenna ports of the first set. In some embodiments, when transmitting UL RS at the antenna ports of the second set, UE116 may measure the BLER and / or SINR (or other metrics) of the DL RS at the antenna ports of the first set. For UL RS transmission, power control mechanisms may be applied or configured to reduce potential interference or other harmful effects on other entities, such as other UEs and / or neighboring cells. As an example, for self-interference measurement, NW can configure UE 116 to transmit UL RS at a power lower (or higher) than the actual data transmission power, and UE 116 can perform self-interference calculation measurement and adjustment based on the actual data transmission power.

[0186] In operation 2310, according to the configuration, UE 116 performs DL RS measurements at the antenna port of the first set and performs (multiple) UL RS transmissions at the antenna port of the second set.

[0187] In operation 2315, UE 116 evaluates the radio link quality of the configured DL RS based on measurements. In some embodiments, UE 116 may evaluate the radio link quality of the DL RS in failureDetectionResources to detect beam failure events for the link recovery process. In another example, UE 116 may evaluate the radio link quality of the DL RS in candidateBeamRS to identify candidate beams for the link recovery process. In some embodiments, the radio link quality evaluation of the DL RS at the antenna ports of the first set may be performed, taking into account the effects of UL RS transmissions from the antenna ports of the second set (e.g., self-interference).

[0188] Figure 24 SINR measurement including self-interference is illustrated according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 24 The embodiment of the SINR measurement 2400 shown is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0189] In some embodiments, UE 116 is configured to receive DL RS at first antenna panel 905 when the second antenna panel 910 transmits UL RS corresponding to the beam link of the second antenna panel 910 (i.e., failureDetectionResources or candidateBeamRS of the second antenna panel 910). In the illustrated example, the antenna ports of the first set correspond to the first antenna panel 905, and the antenna ports of the second set correspond to the second antenna panel 910. Therefore, UE 116 can measure the radio link quality (including SINR, BLER, RSRP, RSRQ) of the DL RS at first antenna panel 905 when transmitting UL RS using the UL TX beam 2410 corresponding to the current / candidate beam link (failureDetectionResources / candidateBeamRS of the second antenna panel 910). In some embodiments, UE 116 may perform continuous interference cancellation operations to measure the RSRP of DL RS and / or UL RS, respectively.

[0190] Figure 25Another process for measurement and evaluation of link recovery according to embodiments of this disclosure is illustrated. Although the flowchart describes a series of sequential steps, unless explicitly stated otherwise, one should not infer from this sequence a specific order of execution, a sequential execution of steps or portions thereof rather than simultaneous or overlapping execution, or the execution of specifically described steps without intermediate or overlapping steps. The process 2500 depicted in the illustrated example is implemented by, for example, a transmitter chain in a UE. Process 2500 can be performed by, for example, UEs 114, 115, and 116 in network 600.

[0191] In operation 2505, UE 116 is configured with one or more DL RSs and corresponding measurements at the antenna ports of a first set. In some embodiments, DL RSs may include CSI-RS, SSB, and DMRS. In some embodiments, DL RSs may be configured by higher layers using parameters failureDetectionResources, beamFailureDetectionResourcesList, candidateBeamRSList, candidateBeamRSListExt, and candidateBeamRSCellList. In some embodiments, UE 116 may measure the BLER and / or RSRP (and / or RSRQ, SINR, and / or other metrics including BER) of the DL RSs.

[0192] In operation 2510, UE 116 is configured to transmit one or more UL RSs at antenna ports of a second set, and to measure the configured UL RSs at antenna ports of a first set. In some embodiments, UE 116 may be configured to transmit UL RSs corresponding to the current beamlink (e.g., failureDetectionResources) and / or candidate beamlinks (e.g., candidateBeamRS) at antenna ports of the second set, and to measure the signal quality of the UL RSs at antenna ports of the first set using a DL RX beam corresponding to the configured DL RS (i.e., the same DL RX beam used to receive the DL RS, indicated by the TCI status). In some embodiments, the configured UL RSs may include SRS, DMRS, and / or any novel UL RSs. In some embodiments, the configured UL RSs may be SRSs corresponding to the current beamlink at antenna ports of the second set. In some embodiments, the configured UL RSs may be SRSs corresponding to candidate beamlinks for link recovery at antenna ports of the second set (e.g., indicated by a higher layer with the parameter CandidateBeamRS). For UL RS measurement, UE 116 can measure the RSRP of UL RS transmitted from the antenna port of the second set at the antenna port of the first set, using the same DL RX beam used for link recovery at the antenna port of the first set. For UL RS transmission, power control mechanisms can be applied or configured to reduce potential interference or other harmful effects on other entities (e.g., other UEs and / or neighboring cells). As an example, for self-interference measurement, NW or gNB 103 can configure UE 116 to transmit UL RS at a lower (or higher) power than the actual data transmission power, and UE 116 can perform self-interference calculation measurement and adjustment based on the actual data transmission power.

[0193] In operation 2515, according to this configuration, UE 116 performs a measurement of DL RS at the antenna port of the first set, and performs a measurement of DL RS transmitted from the antenna port of the second set at the antenna port of the first set.

[0194] In operation 2520, UE 116 evaluates the radio link quality of the configured RSs based on measurements. In some embodiments, UE 116 may evaluate the radio link quality of the DL RSs of failureDetectionResources to detect beam failure events. In some embodiments, UE 116 may evaluate the radio link quality of the DL RSs of candidateBeamRS to identify candidate beams for link recovery. In some embodiments, the radio link quality evaluation of the DL RSs at the antenna ports of the first set may be performed, taking into account the effects of UL RS transmissions from the antenna ports of the second set (e.g., self-interference).

[0195] Figure 26 Self-interference measurement according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 26 The embodiment of the self-interference measurement 2600 shown is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0196] In some embodiments, UE 116 is configured to transmit UL RS at the second antenna panel 910 using a UL TX beam 2605 corresponding to the current / candidate beam link of the second antenna panel 910 (failureDetectionResources or candidateBeamRS of the second antenna panel 910), and to measure the signal quality of UL RS at the first antenna panel 905 using the same DL RX beam 2610 (e.g., failureDetectionResources, candidateBeamRS of the first antenna) used for receiving link recovery RS. Therefore, UE 116 can use the DL RX beam for link recovery RS to measure the RSRP (i.e., self-interference RSRP) of the UL RS transmitted from the second antenna panel 910 at the first antenna panel 905. In this example, the antenna ports of the first set and the second set correspond to the first antenna panel 905 and the second antenna panel 910, respectively.

[0197] Figure 27A beam failure process according to an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. Although the flowchart describes a series of sequential steps, unless explicitly stated otherwise, one should not infer from this sequence a specific order of execution, a sequential execution of steps or portions thereof rather than simultaneous or overlapping execution, or the execution of specifically described steps without intermediate or overlapping steps. The process 2700 depicted in the illustrated example is implemented by, for example, a transmitter chain in a UE. The beam failure process 2700 may be performed by, for example, UEs 114, 115, and 116 in network 600. In some embodiments, the processes, operations, and components used for the RS measurement evaluation and link recovery described above are also applicable to and included in the beam failure process 2700.

[0198] In operation 2705, when transmitting multiple UL signals at the antenna ports of the second set, UE 116 is configured with multiple beam fault detection RSs and measurements at the antenna ports of the first set. In some embodiments, the UL signals may be ULRS and / or UL data signals. To evaluate the radio link quality, such as BLER or BER, on the beam fault detection RS in the presence of self-interference, measurements may need to be performed at the antenna ports of the first set while the UL signals are being transmitted at the antenna ports of the second set.

[0199] In operation 2710, UE 116 can calculate the BLER of the measured beam fault detection RS(s) at the antenna ports of the first set. For example, when transmitting UL RS or UL data signals at the antenna ports of the second set, UE 116 can calculate beamFailureResources at the antenna ports of the first set. The radio link quality, such as BLER or BER. In another example, UE 116 can calculate the beamFailureResources of the antenna ports of the first set. The radio link quality of the antenna ports of the first set is calculated without considering the UL RS transmitted from the antenna ports of the second set. In one example, UE 116 may consider previous measurements of the UL RS transmitted from the antenna ports of the second set at the antenna ports of the first set to calculate the radio link quality of the antenna ports of the first set. In this context, UE 116 can measure wireless link quality, such as SINR.

[0200] In operation 2715, UE 116 evaluates whether the calculated BLER exceeds a certain threshold of the configured beam fault detection RS(s). In some embodiments, a certain threshold can be configured or predetermined.

[0201] In operation 2720, if the evaluation based on the calculated BLER (or BER) meets certain conditions, UE 116 declares a beam failure event. In some embodiments, UE 116 may consider the case where the BLER (or BER) exceeds a threshold for N consecutive RS measurements. In some embodiments, UE 116 may consider the case where the BLER (or BER) exceeds a threshold for M (≤N) RS measurements out of N RS measurements.

[0202] Figure 28 A new beam identification process according to an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Although the flowchart describes a series of sequential steps, unless explicitly stated otherwise, one should not infer from this sequence a specific order of execution, a sequential execution of steps or portions thereof rather than simultaneous or overlapping execution, or the execution of specifically described steps without intermediate or overlapping steps. The new beam identification process 2800 depicted in the illustrated example is implemented by, for example, a transmitter chain in a UE. The new beam identification process 2800 may be performed by, for example, UEs 114, 115, and 116 in network 600. In some embodiments, the processes, operations, and components used for the RS measurement evaluation and link recovery described above are also applicable to and included in the new beam identification process 2800.

[0203] In some embodiments, UE 116 uses RS measurements to perform an evaluation of radio link quality to identify candidate beams, as shown in the new beam identification process 2800. In some embodiments, the processes, operations, and components used for RS measurement evaluation and link recovery, as well as beam failure detection, are also applicable to and included in the new beam identification process 2800. To identify candidate beams, two measurement metrics can be considered: 1) the radio link quality of the candidate beam, such as SINR including self-interference, and 2) the self-interference leakage from one set of antenna ports to another set of antenna ports, which we hereinafter denote as SINR. leakage .

[0204] In operation 2805, UE 116 is configured with RS for (multiple) candidate beams at the antenna ports of the first set, and performs SINR measurement at the antenna ports of the first set and / or performs SINR measurement at the antenna ports of the second set. leakage Measurement. In some embodiments, the RS(s) of (multiple) candidate beams can be higher-level parameters candidateBeamRS. In some embodiments, when transmitting UL RS (or UL data signal) at the antenna port of the second set, SINR measurements of the RS of the candidate beam can be performed at the antenna port of the first set. Here, for example, the UL RS may correspond to the current beam link (e.g., corresponding to the beam failure detection RS) at the antenna port of the second set. In some embodiments, SINR measurements of the RS of the candidate beam can be performed at the antenna port of the first set by combining RSRP measurements on the DL RS of the candidate beam and RSRP measurements on the UL RS transmitted from the antenna port of the second set, and these RSRP measurements can be measured separately in time. In some embodiments, SINR can be performed by transmitting the UL RS corresponding to the candidate beam RS at the antenna port of the first set and measuring the UL RS at the antenna port of the second set. leakage Measurement. In some embodiments, SI can be performed by transmitting the UL RS at the antenna ports of the first set using the UL TX beam corresponding to the candidate beam DL RS, and measuring the UL RS at the antenna ports of the second set using the DL RX beam corresponding to the current beam link of the antenna ports of the second set (e.g., corresponding to the beam failure detection RS). leakage Measurement. SI leakage This can be considered a measure of how a candidate beam at one set of antenna ports will affect the self-interference of the current beam link at another set of antenna ports.

[0205] In operation 2810, UE 116 performs measurements of the RS of the configured candidate beam(s) at the antenna ports of the first set and / or the second set, and evaluates the SINR and / or SI. leakage .

[0206] In operation 2815, UE 116 assesses whether the SINR exceeds the first threshold and / or SI leakage Whether it is below a second threshold. In some embodiments, two thresholds can be configured or predetermined. In some embodiments, one threshold can be configured and another threshold can be predetermined. In operation 2820, UE116 is based on SINR and / or SI leakage The evaluation process includes including or excluding corresponding RSs from the candidate beam set and reports to the BS. In some embodiments, the candidate beam set may be q new And q new This can be achieved by including or excluding SINR exceeding a first threshold and / or SI during RS measurement. leakage The corresponding RS below the second threshold is updated. In some embodiments, after the UE 116 declares a beam failure event, (partial) q can be updated. newReport to BS 103. Details regarding reporting (such as beam failure recovery requests) will be referenced below. Figure 29 Describe it.

[0207] Figure 29 A beam fault recovery request / response procedure according to an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Although the flowchart depicts a series of sequential steps, unless explicitly stated otherwise, one should not infer from this sequence a specific order of execution, a sequential execution of steps or portions thereof rather than simultaneous or overlapping execution, or the execution of specifically described steps without intermediate or overlapping steps. The beam fault recovery request / response procedure 2900 depicted in the illustrated example is implemented by, for example, a transmitter chain in a UE. The beam fault recovery request / response procedure 2900 may be performed by, for example, UEs 114, 115, and 116 in network 600. In some embodiments, the procedures, operations, and components used for the RS measurement assessment and link recovery described above are also applicable to and included in the beam fault recovery request / response procedure 2900.

[0208] In operation 2905, UE 116 detects a beam fault event from the antenna ports of the first set. In some embodiments, UE 116 also declares a beam fault event from the antenna ports of the first set. In some embodiments, UE 116 may declare a beam fault event by following any variation of beam fault procedure 2700.

[0209] In operation 2910, UE 116 sends a beam fault recovery request (BFRQ) for a beam fault at the antenna ports of the first set via the antenna ports of the second set. In one example, the BFRQ can consist of two steps. In the first step of the BFRQ, a scheduling request (SR)-like PUCCH can be sent to the BS via the antenna ports of the second set to report the beam fault event. This SR-like PUCCH can be configured based on PUCCH format 0, PUCCH format 1, or another PUCCH format. In the second step of the BFRQ, once UL transmission is permitted at the antenna ports of the second set, information about q can be reported via the MAC CE through the antenna ports of the second set. new Information about candidate beams. For example, if a new candidate beam is identified in any variation of the new beam identification process 2800, UE 116 can report that no candidate beam was identified. As another example, if q newIf multiple candidate beams exist, one, some, or all of them can be selected based on the decision of UE 116 or based on predetermined rules. Furthermore, multiple candidate beams can be reported. In some embodiments, if UL transmission at the antenna port of the second set has been permitted, the second step of the BFRQ can be transmitted via MAC CE without the first operation of the BFRQ.

[0210] In operation 2915, UE 116 receives a beam fault recovery response and performs a beam fault recovery procedure on the antenna ports of the first set. In some embodiments, the beam fault recovery response may be a normal uplink grant to schedule a new transmission for the same HARQ procedure as the PUSCH carrying the second step of the MAC CE transmission.

[0211] Figure 30 A beam fault recovery request according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 30 The illustrated embodiment of beam fault recovery request 3000 is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0212] In some embodiments, UE 116 declares a beam fault event on the first antenna panel 905 corresponding to the antenna port of the first set. That is, UE 116 detects a beam fault on at least one beam 3000. Subsequently, UE 116 sends a beam fault recovery request 3010 for the first antenna panel 905 to gNB 103 via beam link 3015 at the second antenna panel 910 corresponding to the antenna port of the second set. In some embodiments, the operation of performing the BFRQ transmission of the beam fault event of the first antenna panel 905 at the second antenna panel 910 differs from other systems.

[0213] Figure 31 A beamlink refinement process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Although the flowchart describes a series of sequential steps, unless explicitly stated otherwise, one should not infer from this sequence a specific order of execution, a sequential execution of steps or portions thereof rather than simultaneous or overlapping execution, or the execution of specifically described steps without intermediate or overlapping steps. The beamlink refinement process 3100 depicted in the illustrated example is implemented by, for example, a transmitter chain in a UE. The beamlink refinement process 3100 can be performed by, for example, UEs 114, 115, and 116 in network 600.

[0214] In operation 3105, UE 116 is configured with multiple RSs associated with beam(s) used for link refinement measurements and triggers an event to send a link refinement request. In some embodiments, the RSs associated with the beam(s) used for link refinement measurements may include DL and / or UL RSs, such as SRS, CSI-RS, SSB, DMRS, etc. For UL RS transmissions, power control mechanisms may be applied or configured to reduce potential interference or other harmful effects on other entities (e.g., other UEs and / or neighboring cells). As an example, for self-interference measurements, the NW (e.g., via gNB 103) may configure UE 116 to transmit UL RSs at a power lower (or higher) than the actual data transmission power, and UE 116 may perform self-interference calculation measurements and adjustments based on the actual data transmission power. In some embodiments, the RSs associated with the beam(s) used for link refinement measurements may include failureDetectionResources. and candidateBeamRS For example, in one configuration, UE116 can perform measurements on the RS for each configuration, take into account triggering events, and compare the measurement results with the triggering events to determine whether to transmit a link refinement request.

[0215] In operation 3110, UE 116 uses the configured RS(s) to evaluate the radio link quality of the beam. In some embodiments, UE 116 uses the configured RS(s) (e.g., failureDetectionResources) and candidateBeamRS Perform RSRP (or RSRQ, SINR) measurements and evaluate the corresponding RS (i.e., and The quality of the radio link of the beam.

[0216] In operation 3115, UE 116 identifies a triggering event to send a link refinement request. In some embodiments, the triggering event may include... and A comparison between the radio link quality of the corresponding beams. More specifically, in one example, UE 116 can check... Does the radio link quality of a certain beam in the signal become worse than that of the previous beam? The corresponding beam has better radio link quality. This could mean that the quality of one of the candidate beam links becomes better than the current beam link used for data transmission / reception (failureDetectionResources). The quality is even better.

[0217] In operation 3120, UE 116 sends a Radio Link Refinement Request (RLRQ) to BS. In some embodiments, the RLRQ may include information about the RS (with better radio link quality) and the corresponding radio link quality. For example, the CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI) / SS-PBCH Block Resource Indicator (SSBRI) and / or the corresponding RSRP, RSRQ, or SINR may be included in the RLRQ information. In some embodiments, the RLRQ can be performed in two steps, similar to the two-step operation described in beam fault recovery request response procedure 2900.

[0218] In operation 3125, UE 116 receives a Radio Link Refinement Response (RLRR) from the BS and performs the link refinement process. In some embodiments, RLRR can be performed via MAC-CE, DCI, or RRC signaling. In some embodiments, RLRR may include ACK / NACK information, such as a 1-bit indicator, in the DCI. In some embodiments, RLRR can be performed via DCI (or MAC CE), where the CRI / SSBRI of the selected candidate RS is indicated in the RLRQ.

[0219] Figure 32 Another beamlink refinement process according to an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. Although the flowchart describes a series of sequential steps, unless explicitly stated otherwise, one should not infer from this sequence a specific order of execution, a sequential execution of steps or portions thereof rather than simultaneous or overlapping execution, or the execution of specifically described steps without intermediate or intermediate steps. The beamlink refinement process 3200 depicted in the illustrated example is implemented by, for example, a transmitter chain in a UE. The beamlink refinement process 3200 can be performed by, for example, UEs 114, 115, and 116 in network 600. Some embodiments of the beamlink refinement process 3200 include multi-panel operation with different beamlinks, each beamlink may have a different DL / UL timeslot / symbol configuration.

[0220] In operation 3205, UE 116 is configured with multiple RSs associated with beam(s) for link refinement measurements and triggers an event to send a link refinement request for antenna ports of a first set. In some embodiments, the RSs associated with the beams for link refinement measurements may include DL and / or UL RSs, such as SRS, CSI-RS, SSB, DMRS, etc. For UL RS transmissions, power control mechanisms may be applied or configured to reduce potential interference or other harmful effects on other entities (e.g., other UEs and / or neighboring cells). As an example, for self-interference measurements, the NW (e.g., gNB 103) may configure UE 116 to transmit UL RSs at a power lower (or higher) than the actual data transmission power, and UE 116 may perform self-interference calculation measurements and adjustments based on the actual data transmission power. In some embodiments, the RSs associated with the beams for link refinement measurements may include failureDetectionResources for antenna ports of the first set. and candidateBeamRS For example, in one configuration, UE 116 can perform measurements on the RS for each configuration, consider triggering events, and compare the measurement results with the triggering events to determine whether to transmit a link refinement request. (See also...) Figure 33 Describe the details of the event that triggered it.

[0221] In operation 3210, UE 116 uses (multiple) RSs configured for the antenna ports of the first set to evaluate the radio link quality of the beam. In one example, the UE uses the configured RSs (e.g., failureDetectionResources) to evaluate the radio link quality of the beam. and candidateBeamRS Perform RSRP (or RSRQ, SINR) measurements and evaluate the beam corresponding to the configured RS (i.e., and The radio link quality. In some embodiments, UE 116 in communication with... and The SINR measurement, including self-interference, is performed at the antenna ports of the corresponding first set, and / or SINR can be performed at another set of antenna ports. leakage The measurement. In some embodiments, it can be achieved by... and The corresponding first set of antenna ports transmits UL RS, and the other set of antenna ports measures UL RS to perform SI. leakage Measurement. In some embodiments, this can be achieved by using an antenna port at the first set. and The corresponding UL TX beam transmits DL RX, and at another set of antenna ports, the DL RX beam is measured using the DL RX beam corresponding to the current beam link (or beam fault detection RS) of that antenna port set to perform SI. leakage Measurement. This SI leakage This can be considered a measure of how a candidate beam at one set of antenna ports will affect the self-interference of the current beam link at another set of antenna ports.

[0222] In operation 3215, UE 116 identifies a triggering event to send a link refinement request for the antenna ports of the first set. In some embodiments, the triggering event may include a link refinement request for the antenna ports of the first set. and The corresponding beam's radio link quality (e.g., including self-interference SINR and / or SI) leakage A comparison between ) . More specifically, in one example, UE 116 can check Does the radio link quality of some beams in the array become worse than that of the antenna ports in the first set? The corresponding beam has better radio link quality. This could mean that one of the candidate beam links becomes better than the current beam link used for data transmission / reception at the antenna port of the first set (failureDetectionResources). The quality is superior. (Refer to...) Figure 33 Describe the details of the event that triggered it.

[0223] In operation 3220, UE 116 transmits an RLRQ to the BS (e.g., gNB 103) through the antenna port of the second set. In some embodiments, the RLRQ may include information about the RS (with better radio link quality) and the corresponding radio link quality. For example, CRI and / or the corresponding RSRP, RSRQ, or SINR may be included in the RLRQ information. In some embodiments, the RLRQ can be performed in two steps, similar to the above reference. Figure 29 The described two-step operation. In some embodiments, the antenna ports of the second set for RLRQ transmission can be selected according to predetermined rules or based on configuration. In some embodiments, after a trigger event for transmitting RLRQ for the antenna ports of the first set is identified, the antenna ports of the second set can be selected as the set of antenna ports with the most recent uplink clearance among all antenna ports.

[0224] In operation 3225, UE 116 receives a radio link refinement response for the antenna ports of the first set from the BS via the antenna ports of the second set and performs the link refinement process. In some embodiments, RLRR can be performed via MAC-CE, DCI, or RRC signaling. In some embodiments, RLRR can include ACK / NACK information, such as a 1-bit indicator, in the DCI. In some embodiments, RLRR can include a DCI indication from a selected candidate in the RLRQ.

[0225] Figure 33 A novel beam identification process according to an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Although the flowchart describes a series of sequential steps, unless explicitly stated otherwise, one should not infer from this sequence a specific order of execution, the sequential execution of steps or portions thereof rather than simultaneous or overlapping execution, or the execution of specifically described steps without intermediate or overlapping steps. The novel beam identification process 3300 depicted in the illustrated example is implemented by, for example, a transmitter chain in a UE. The novel beam identification process 3300 may be performed by, for example, UEs 114, 115, and 116 in network 600. Some embodiments of the beamlink refinement process 3200 include multi-panel operation with different beamlinks, each beamlink may have a different DL / UL timeslot / symbol configuration.

[0226] In some embodiments, the processes, operations, and components used for RS measurement evaluation and link recovery are also applicable to and included in the new beam identification process 3300. To identify an improved radio link for a candidate beam, two measurement metrics can be considered: 1) the candidate beam (e.g., corresponding to candidateBeamRS). ) and / or the current beam (corresponding to failureDetectionResources) 1) Radio link quality, including self-interference SINR, and 2) SINR from one set of antenna ports to another set of antenna ports. leakage .

[0227] In operation 3305, the UE is configured with RS for candidate beam and / or beam failure detection at the antenna ports of the first set, and performs SINR measurement at the antenna ports of the first set and / or performs SINR measurement at the antenna ports of the second set. leakage Measurement. In some embodiments, the RS(s) used for candidate beam(s) and / or beam fault detection may be high-level parameters candidateBeamRS. and / or failureDetectionResources In some embodiments, SINR measurements on the RS used for candidate beam and / or beam fault detection can be performed at the antenna ports of a first set, while the UL RS (or UL data signal) is transmitted at the antenna ports of a second set. For example, the UL RS may correspond to the current beam link (or beam fault detection RS) at the antenna ports of the second set. In some embodiments, SINR measurements on the RS used for candidate beam and / or beam fault detection can be performed at the antenna ports of the first set by combining RSRP measurements on the candidate beam and / or beam fault DL RS and RSRP measurements on the UL RS transmitted from the antenna ports of the second set, and these RSRP measurements may be performed temporally separately. In some embodiments, SINR is performed by transmitting the UL RS corresponding to the candidate beam and / or beam fault detection RS at the antenna ports of the first set and measuring the UL RS at the antenna ports of the second set. leakage Measurement. In some embodiments, SI is performed by transmitting the UL RS at the antenna ports of the first set using the UL TX beam corresponding to the candidate beam and / or beam failure detection DL RS, and measuring the UL RS at the antenna ports of the second set using the DL RX beam corresponding to the current beam link (or beam failure detection RS) of the antenna ports of the second set. leakage Measurement. SI leakage It can be considered a measure of how the candidate beam and / or current beam at one set of antenna ports will affect the self-interference of the current beam link at another set of antenna ports.

[0228] In operation 3310, UE 116 performs measurements on the configured RS(s) according to the antenna ports of the first set and / or the second set, and evaluates SINR and / or SI. leakage .

[0229] In operation 3315, UE 116 evaluates whether the SINR of the candidate beam RS exceeds the SINR of the beam fault detection RS and / or the SINR of the candidate beam RS. leakage Is the SI below the beam fault detection RS? leakage In some embodiments, UE 116 can identify (multiple) candidate beam RS. This makes SINR x ≥SINR y And SI leakage，x ≤SI leakage，y For any In other words, UE 116 can check Does the radio link quality of a certain beam in the array become worse than that of the antenna ports in the first set? The corresponding beam has better radio link quality. In some embodiments, metrics other than SINR (such as RSRP, RSRQ) can be considered to evaluate radio link quality.

[0230] In operation 3320, UE 116 is based on SINR and / or SI leakage The evaluation includes or excludes corresponding RSs from the candidate beam set and reports to the BS. In some embodiments, this can be achieved by including or excluding RSs whose SINR exceeds the SINR and / or SINR of the beam fault detection RS during RS measurement. leakage SI below beam fault detection RS leakage The UE 116 updates the candidate beam set for radio link refinement using the corresponding RS. In some embodiments, the UE 116 reports the identified set to the BS once the number of candidate beams with better radio link quality in the set exceeds a certain number. In another example, the UE 116 may report information about a candidate beam whenever a candidate beam link with better link quality than the current beam is identified.

[0231] Figure 34 A radio link refinement process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 34 The illustrated embodiment of the radio link refinement process 3400 is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0232] In some embodiments, the UE 116 configures the first antenna panel 905 with RS (i.e., beamFailureResources). and candidateBeamRS ) Perform measurements. UE 116 evaluates the first antenna panel 905. Has the radio link quality become worse than that of the first antenna panel 905? The radio link quality is better. Once the UE116 identifies the first antenna panel 905 corresponding to... The radio link quality of beam link 3405 becomes lower than that of the first antenna panel 905 corresponding to The radio link quality of beam link 3410 is better, so UE 116 transmits the RLRQ of the first antenna panel 905 through the current beam link 3415 at the second antenna panel 910. For example, the RLRQ may include the candidate beam RS index and / or the corresponding radio link quality (e.g., SINR and / or SI...). leakageThen, in one example, UE116 can receive RLRR from BS, and RLRR includes ACK information. Then, UE116 performs radio link refinement for first antenna panel 905 based on RLRR, and changes the current beam 3410 of first antenna panel 905 to candidate beam 3405 by 3420.

[0233] Although this disclosure has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, various changes and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. This disclosure is intended to include such changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Nothing described herein should be construed as implying that any particular element, step, or function is an essential element that must be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, comprising: transceiver; as well as A processor, operatively coupled to the transceiver, is configured to: One or more uplink UL reference signals RS are transmitted using the antenna ports of the first set. The signal quality of at least one of the one or more UL RSs is measured using the antenna ports of the second set over a time period. as well as Execute a measurement report on the measured signal quality, wherein the measurement report includes: The number L of minimum or maximum reference signal received power RSRP in one or more UL RS, and The corresponding RS index, where 1≤L≤N, and N is the number of the one or more UL RSs sent; Wherein, when one or more UL RSs are transmitted via a repetition mode at the antenna ports of a first set associated with a first antenna panel, the signal quality is measured via a beam scanning measurement mode at the antenna ports of a second set associated with a second antenna panel, the repetition mode comprising transmitting the same UL RS N times using the same beam, and the beam scanning measurement mode comprising measuring the signal quality of the same UL RS using a different beam for each of the N times.

2. The UE according to claim 1, in, When one or more UL RS are transmitted via beam scanning transmission mode at the antenna port of the first set, the signal quality is measured via beam repetition measurement mode at the antenna port of the second set. Among them, the beam scanning transmission mode includes transmitting multiple UL RSs using different beams, and Among them, the beam repetitive measurement mode includes measuring the signal quality of multiple UL RSs using the same beam.

3. The UE of claim 1, wherein the measurement report comprises at least one of the following: The received signal quality (RSRQ) or signal-to-interference-noise ratio (SINR) of one or more reference signals of the one or more UL RS or one or more DL RS; and The corresponding RS index includes at least one of the Synchronization Signal Block Resource Indicator (SSB-RI), Probe Resource Indicator (SRI), or Channel State Information Reference Signal Resource Indicator (CRI).

4. The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to perform at least one of the following operations: Measure the block error rate (BLER) or reference signal received power (RSRP) of the one or more UL RSs at the antenna port of the first set; While transmitting the one or more UL RSs at the antenna port of the second set, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the one or more DL RSs is measured at the antenna port of the first set; and At the antenna port of the first set, the RSRP of the one or more UL RS transmitted from the antenna port of the second set is measured using the same DL receive RX beam used for receiving the one or more DL RSs for link recovery at the antenna port of the first set.

5. The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to perform one or more of the following: Self-interference leakage (SI) is measured by transmitting the UL RS corresponding to the candidate beam RS at the antenna port of the first set and measuring the UL RS at the antenna port of the second set. leakage ; Measure the signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio (SINR) of the candidate beam RS; Perform beam fault detection; and When transmitting one or more UL RS or UL data signals at the antenna ports of the second set, calculate the block error rate (BLER) or bit error rate (BER) at the antenna ports of the first set.

6. The UE of claim 5, wherein the processor is further configured to perform one or more of the following operations: Evaluate whether the calculated BLER exceeds the first threshold; Beam failure events are declared at least in part based on the calculated BLER; Based on SINR equal to or exceeding the second threshold and SI leakage To identify a new beam q, it must be less than or equal to one of the third thresholds. new ;as well as A beam fault recovery request (BFRQ) for a beam fault event at the antenna port of the first set is transmitted through the antenna port of the second set. The transceiver is configured as follows: A scheduling request (SR) is sent to the BS via the antenna port of the second set to report a beam failure event, wherein the SR is configured based on PUCCH format 0, PUCCH format 1, or other PUCCH formats; and In response to UL transmission being permitted at the antenna port of the second set, a report regarding the reportable information is submitted through the antenna port of the second set. Information on candidate beams.

7. The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to: Perform one or more beam fault resources on the antenna ports of the first set. and at least one candidate beam RS Measurement; Identify one or more candidate beam RS This makes it possible for any , and ,in, x represents the beam from at least one candidate beam RS The one or more candidate beams RS, y represents the one or more beam fault resources. At least one beam fault resource in it, SINR x or SINR y These represent the signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio associated with x or y, respectively. SI leakage, x or SI leakage, y These represent self-interference leakage associated with x or y, respectively; and Based on the one or more candidate beams RS, a radio link refinement request RLRQ for the antenna ports of the first set is transmitted via a transceiver through the current beam link at the antenna ports of the second set.

8. A method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, comprising: One or more uplink UL reference signals RS are transmitted using the antenna ports of the first set. The signal quality of at least one of the one or more UL RSs is measured using the antenna ports of the second set over a time period. as well as Execute a measurement report on the measured signal quality, wherein the measurement report includes: The number L of minimum or maximum reference signal received power RSRP in one or more UL RS, and The corresponding RS index, where 1≤L≤N, and N is the number of the one or more UL RSs sent; Wherein, when one or more UL RSs are transmitted via a repetition mode at the antenna ports of a first set associated with a first antenna panel, the signal quality is measured via a beam scanning measurement mode at the antenna ports of a second set associated with a second antenna panel, the repetition mode comprising transmitting the same UL RS N times using the same beam, and the beam scanning measurement mode comprising measuring the signal quality of the same UL RS using a different beam for each of the N times.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, When one or more UL RS are transmitted via beam scanning transmission mode at the antenna port of the first set, the signal quality is measured via beam repetition measurement mode at the antenna port of the second set. Among them, the beam scanning transmission mode includes transmitting multiple UL RSs using different beams, and Among them, the beam repetitive measurement mode includes measuring the signal quality of multiple UL RSs using the same beam.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the measurement report comprises at least one of the following: The received signal quality (RSRQ) or signal-to-interference-noise ratio (SINR) of one or more reference signals of the one or more UL RS or one or more DL RS; and The corresponding RS index includes at least one of the Synchronization Signal Block Resource Indicator (SSB-RI), Probe Resource Indicator (SRI), or Channel State Information Reference Signal Resource Indicator (CRI).

11. The method of claim 8, wherein the measurement further comprises at least one of the following: Measure the block error rate (BLER) or reference signal received power (RSRP) of the one or more UL RSs at the antenna port of the first set; While transmitting the one or more UL RSs at the antenna port of the second set, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the one or more DL RSs is measured at the antenna port of the first set; and At the antenna port of the first set, the RSRP of the one or more UL RS transmitted from the antenna port of the second set is measured using the same DL receive RX beam used for receiving the one or more DL RSs for link recovery at the antenna port of the first set.

12. The method of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises one or more of the following: Self-interference leakage (SI) is measured by transmitting the UL RS corresponding to the candidate beam RS at the antenna port of the first set and measuring the UL RS at the antenna port of the second set. leakage ; Measure the signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio (SINR) of the candidate beam RS; Perform beam fault detection; and When transmitting one or more UL RS or UL data signals at the antenna ports of the second set, calculate the block error rate (BLER) or bit error rate (BER) at the antenna ports of the first set.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the method further comprises: Evaluate whether the calculated BLER exceeds the first threshold; Beam failure events are declared at least in part based on the calculated BLER; Based on SINR equal to or exceeding the second threshold and SI leakage To identify a new beam q, it must be less than or equal to one of the third thresholds. new ; as well as A beam fault recovery request (BFRQ) for a beam fault event at the antenna port of the first set is transmitted through the antenna port of the second set, wherein the BFRQ includes: A scheduling request (SR) is sent to the BS via the antenna port of the second set to report a beam failure event, wherein the SR is configured based on PUCCH format 0, PUCCH format 1 or other PUCCH formats; as well as In response to UL transmission being permitted at the antenna port of the second set, a report regarding the reportable information is submitted through the antenna port of the second set. Information on candidate beams.

14. The method of claim 8, wherein the measurement further comprises: Perform one or more beam fault resources on the antenna ports of the first set. and at least one candidate beam RS Measurement; Identify one or more candidate beam RS This makes it possible for any , and Where x represents the beam from the at least one candidate beam RS The one or more candidate beams RS, y represents the one or more beam fault resources. At least one beam fault resource in it, SINR x or SINR y These represent the signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio associated with x or y, respectively. SI leakage, x or SI leakage, y These represent self-interference leakage associated with x or y, respectively. as well as Based on the one or more candidate beams RS, a radio link refinement request RLRQ for the antenna ports of the first set is transmitted through the current beam link at the antenna ports of the second set.

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