Hydraulic catapult system

Abstract

This invention provides a hydraulic catapult system, including a catapult mechanism and an energy storage mechanism. The energy storage mechanism drives the catapult mechanism. The catapult mechanism includes a cylindrical cylinder connected to the energy storage mechanism, a primary cylinder piston slidably disposed within the cylinder, and a secondary cylinder piston slidably disposed within the primary cylinder piston. The secondary cylinder piston has a load end capable of extending out of the primary cylinder piston. A primary cylinder buffer section is provided between the cylinder and the primary cylinder piston, and a secondary cylinder buffer section is provided between the primary cylinder piston and the secondary cylinder piston. The hydraulic catapult system of this invention can achieve high-speed catapult launch and has good performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydraulic catapult technology, and in particular to a hydraulic catapult system. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed catapult technology is an important technology in modern military industry, and it is widely used in aircraft catapult takeoff, missile catapult launch, impact loading in impact tests, and other occasions.

[0003] Currently, common high-speed catapult systems are driven by gas, steam, electromagnetic, and hydraulic systems. Among these, steam-driven and electromagnetic-driven systems result in bulky equipment, low efficiency, and are difficult to adapt to underwater catapult operations.

[0004] While gas-powered systems can meet the performance requirements for underwater catapults, they require cleaning the combustion chamber and replacing the propellant, making repeated use impossible. Hydraulic systems, on the other hand, typically use a hydraulic power system to accelerate the piston in a hydraulic cylinder to achieve the catapult launch. They offer high structural reliability, meet the needs of underwater catapults, and can be reused repeatedly.

[0005] However, existing underwater hydraulic catapult systems suffer from insufficient effective launch stroke and inadequate speed boost, making it difficult to meet the demands of high-speed catapults. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a hydraulic catapult system that facilitates high-speed catapult launches in underwater catapult applications.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0008] A hydraulic ejection system includes an ejection mechanism and an energy storage mechanism, wherein the energy storage mechanism is used to drive the ejection mechanism to operate;

[0009] The ejection mechanism includes a cylindrical cylinder body connected to the energy storage mechanism, a primary cylinder piston slidably disposed within the cylinder body, and a secondary cylinder piston slidably disposed within the primary cylinder piston. The secondary cylinder piston has a load end that can extend out of the primary cylinder piston, and a primary cylinder buffer section is provided between the cylinder body and the primary cylinder piston, and a secondary cylinder buffer section is provided between the primary cylinder piston and the secondary cylinder piston.

[0010] When the energy storage mechanism drives the ejection mechanism, it can push the first-stage cylinder piston to slide out of the cylinder body for a first ejection stroke, and push the second-stage cylinder piston to slide in the same direction for a second ejection stroke, so as to form the ejection state of the ejection mechanism. The first-stage cylinder buffer can slow down the sliding of the first-stage cylinder piston after completing the first ejection stroke, and the second-stage cylinder buffer can slow down the sliding of the second-stage cylinder piston after completing the second ejection stroke, so as to form the buffer state of the ejection mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the energy storage mechanism is detachably connected to the cylinder via a connecting pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, a cylinder oil cap is provided at one end of the cylinder body near the connecting pipe, and a first stop is provided at the other end of the cylinder body. The first-stage cylinder piston has a pop-out end that passes through and extends out of the first stop, and a rodless cavity of the first-stage cylinder is formed between the cylinder body, the cylinder oil cap and the first-stage cylinder piston. A rod cavity of the first-stage cylinder is formed between the first stop, the cylinder body and the first-stage cylinder piston, and the rodless cavity of the first-stage cylinder is connected to the energy storage mechanism through the connecting pipe.

[0013] The ejection end of the first-stage cylinder piston is provided with a second stop, and the other end of the first-stage cylinder piston is provided with a piston limiting part. The load end is provided on the end of the second-stage cylinder piston that passes through and extends out of the second stop. A rodless cavity of the second-stage cylinder is formed between the second-stage cylinder piston, the first-stage cylinder piston and the piston limiting part, and a rod cavity of the second-stage cylinder is formed between the second-stage cylinder piston, the first-stage cylinder piston and the second stop.

[0014] The rodless chamber of the second-stage cylinder and the rod chamber of the first-stage cylinder can be connected through the buffer section of the first-stage cylinder, and the rodless chamber of the second-stage cylinder and the rod chamber of the second-stage cylinder can be connected through the buffer section of the second-stage cylinder. The piston limiting part is used to prevent the piston of the second-stage cylinder from blocking the buffer section of the first-stage cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, the first-stage cylinder buffer section includes a plurality of first-stage cylinder buffer holes located at one end of the first-stage cylinder piston near the cylinder oil cap. When the first-stage cylinder piston slides out of the cylinder body after completing the first ejection stroke, the first stop section can gradually block each of the first-stage cylinder buffer holes, so that the pressure value of the rod chamber of the first-stage cylinder fluctuates within a preset pressure range, thereby slowing down the sliding action of the first-stage cylinder piston.

[0016] The secondary cylinder buffer section includes multiple secondary cylinder buffer holes located on the secondary cylinder piston near the piston limiting section. When the secondary cylinder piston slides out of the cylinder body after completing the second ejection stroke, the second stop section can gradually block each of the secondary cylinder buffer holes, so that the pressure value of the rod chamber of the secondary cylinder fluctuates within a preset pressure range, thereby slowing down the sliding movement of the secondary cylinder piston.

[0017] Furthermore, the cylinder body and the cylinder oil cap are provided with a starting channel for connecting the rodless chamber of the first-stage cylinder with the connecting pipeline.

[0018] Furthermore, the cylinder body is equipped with a control unit capable of controlling the opening and closing of the start-up channel.

[0019] Furthermore, a communication adjustment section is provided between the cylinder body and the piston of the first-stage cylinder, which can adjust the amount of communication between the rodless chamber of the first-stage cylinder and the communication pipeline.

[0020] Furthermore, the communication adjustment part includes a cylindrical bushing disposed in the cylinder body near the cylinder oil cap, and the bushing is provided with a plurality of communication holes that can connect the rodless chamber of the first-stage cylinder with the communication pipeline; when the first ejection stroke is slid, the piston of the first-stage cylinder can gradually release the blockage of each of the communication holes.

[0021] Furthermore, the energy storage mechanism includes an energy accumulator; the energy accumulator includes a cylinder and an energy storage piston slidably disposed within the cylinder, and the energy storage piston divides the cylinder into a fluid chamber and an air chamber, the fluid chamber being connected to the cylinder body through the connecting pipe.

[0022] Furthermore, a first sealing ring is provided between the cylinder body and the connecting pipe, a second sealing ring is provided between the connecting pipe and the accumulator, a third sealing ring is provided between the accumulator piston and the cylinder body, a fourth sealing ring is provided between the end of the first-stage cylinder piston near the piston limiting part and the cylinder body, a fifth sealing ring is provided between the first stop part and the first-stage cylinder piston, a sixth sealing ring is provided between the second stop part and the second-stage cylinder piston, a seventh sealing ring is provided between the second stop part and the first-stage cylinder piston, an eighth sealing ring is provided between the second-stage cylinder piston and the first-stage cylinder piston, a ninth sealing ring is provided between the piston limiting part and the first-stage cylinder piston, a tenth sealing ring is provided between the bushing and the cylinder body, and an eleventh sealing ring is provided between the cylinder oil cap and the cylinder body.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] The hydraulic ejection system described in this invention, through the coordinated arrangement of the cylinder body, the primary cylinder piston, and the secondary cylinder piston, can form a tandem two-stage hydraulic cylinder structure, giving the ejection mechanism a high degree of integration and structural reliability. Under conditions suitable for underwater ejection, it can increase the effective ejection stroke and improve the ejection speed to achieve the purpose of high-speed ejection. Furthermore, the inclusion of primary and secondary cylinder buffer sections can also provide buffer braking after the ejection operation is completed, avoiding collision problems and thus having a better performance. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hydraulic catapult system described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic catapult system in the catapult state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic catapult system in a buffer state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0033] 1. Connecting pipeline; 2. Accumulator; 3. Cylinder body; 4. Secondary cylinder buffer hole; 5. First stop; 6. Second stop; 7. Spherical bearing; 8. Primary cylinder piston; 9. Bracket; 10. Base; 11. Secondary cylinder piston; 12. Primary cylinder buffer hole; 13. Piston limiting part; 14. Bushing; 15. Control unit; 16. Cylinder oil cap; 17. Fluid chamber; 18. Gas chamber; 19. Primary cylinder rod chamber; 20. Secondary cylinder rod chamber; 21. Secondary cylinder rodless chamber; 22. Primary cylinder rodless chamber; 23. Starting channel; 24. First sealing ring; 25. Second sealing ring; 26. Third sealing ring; 27. Fourth sealing ring; 28. Fifth sealing ring; 29. ​​Sixth sealing ring; 30. Seventh sealing ring; 31. Eighth sealing ring; 32. Ninth sealing ring; 33. Tenth sealing ring; 34. Eleventh sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0034] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," indicating orientation or positional relationship, is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. It does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" is also for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "connector" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in light of the specific circumstances.

[0037] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] This embodiment relates to a hydraulic catapult system that is suitable for underwater catapult operations, can be reused multiple times, and also has functions such as reducing energy loss during the catapult process and buffering braking, thus having a good performance.

[0039] In terms of overall structure, such as Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the hydraulic catapult system in this embodiment includes a catapult mechanism and an energy storage mechanism, the energy storage mechanism being used to drive the catapult mechanism to move.

[0040] The ejection mechanism includes a cylindrical cylinder 3 connected to an energy storage mechanism, a primary cylinder piston 8 slidably disposed within the cylinder 3, and a secondary cylinder piston 11 slidably disposed within the primary cylinder piston 8. The secondary cylinder piston 11 has a load end that can extend out of the primary cylinder piston 8, and a primary cylinder buffer is provided between the cylinder 3 and the primary cylinder piston 8, and a secondary cylinder buffer is provided between the primary cylinder piston 8 and the secondary cylinder piston 11.

[0041] When the energy storage mechanism drives the ejection mechanism, it can push the first-stage cylinder piston 8 to slide outward of the cylinder body 3 for a first ejection stroke, and can push the second-stage cylinder piston 11 to slide in the same direction for a second ejection stroke, so as to form the ejection state of the ejection mechanism. The first-stage cylinder buffer can slow down the sliding of the first-stage cylinder piston 8 after the first ejection stroke is completed, and the second-stage cylinder buffer can slow down the sliding of the second-stage cylinder piston 11 after the second ejection stroke is completed, so as to form the buffer state of the ejection mechanism.

[0042] It is worth mentioning that the arrangement of cylinder 3, first-stage cylinder piston 8 and second-stage cylinder piston 11 in this embodiment can form a series two-stage hydraulic cylinder design. The driving mode of the first ejection stroke and the second ejection stroke can increase the effective ejection stroke and improve the ejection speed, so as to achieve the purpose of high-speed ejection. Moreover, the design of this series two-stage hydraulic cylinder has a high degree of structural integration, which helps to reduce the energy loss of the system as a whole during the ejection process.

[0043] In addition, the hydraulic catapult system of this embodiment also has a frame for supporting and installing the energy storage mechanism and the catapult mechanism. The structure of the frame can be set and adjusted according to the actual installation requirements of the energy storage mechanism and the catapult mechanism. For example, the frame can be specifically set to include a base 10 and a bracket 9 on the base 10 for fixing the cylinder 3 and the energy storage mechanism. Meanwhile, the load end of this embodiment is mainly used to install the load. The installation structure set on it can be set and adjusted according to the actual load installation requirements. For example, the load end can be specifically connected to a spherical bearing 7.

[0044] Based on the above overview, as a preferred implementation method, it remains as follows: Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the energy storage mechanism and the cylinder 3 are detachably connected through the connecting pipe 1 to facilitate their disassembly, assembly, and maintenance.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, in a preferred form, the energy storage mechanism includes an energy storage device 2, which includes a cylinder and an energy storage piston slidably disposed in the cylinder. The energy storage piston divides the cylinder into a fluid chamber 17 and an air chamber 18. The fluid chamber 17 is connected to the cylinder body 3 through a connecting pipe 1.

[0046] It is worth mentioning that the fluid chamber 17 is used to hold hydraulic fluid, which can be common liquid water. The accumulator can store pressurized hydraulic fluid and inject the pressurized hydraulic fluid into the cylinder 3 to drive the piston 8 of the first stage cylinder to move.

[0047] Furthermore, all structures not mentioned above for the accumulator 2 can refer to the piston-type accumulator 2 commonly used in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here. Moreover, in specific implementation, in order to meet the flow rate required for ejection, the accumulator 2 can be specifically configured as multiple, and the fluid chambers 17 of multiple accumulators 2 are all connected to the cavityless rod of the first-stage cylinder through the connecting pipe 1.

[0048] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, a cylinder oil cap 16 is provided at one end of the cylinder body 3 near the connecting pipe 1, and a first stop part 5 is provided at the other end of the cylinder body 3. The first-stage cylinder piston 8 has a pop-out end that passes through and extends out of the first stop part 5, and a first-stage cylinder rodless cavity 22 is formed between the cylinder body 3, the cylinder oil cap 16 and the first-stage cylinder piston 8. A first-stage cylinder rod cavity 19 is formed between the first stop part 5, the cylinder body 3 and the first-stage cylinder piston 8, and the first-stage cylinder rodless cavity 22 is connected to the connecting pipe 1.

[0049] Meanwhile, the ejection end of the first-stage cylinder piston 8 is provided with a second stop 6, the other end of the first-stage cylinder piston 8 is provided with a piston limiting part 13, the load end is provided on the end of the second-stage cylinder piston 11 that passes through and extends out of the second stop 6, and a rodless cavity 21 of the second-stage cylinder is formed between the second-stage cylinder piston 11, the first-stage cylinder piston 8 and the piston limiting part 13, and a rod cavity 20 of the second-stage cylinder is formed between the second-stage cylinder piston 11, the first-stage cylinder piston 8 and the second stop 6.

[0050] Furthermore, the rodless chamber 21 of the second-stage cylinder and the rod chamber 19 of the first-stage cylinder can be connected through the buffer section of the first-stage cylinder, and the rodless chamber 21 of the second-stage cylinder and the rod chamber 20 of the second-stage cylinder can be connected through the buffer section of the second-stage cylinder. The piston limiting part 13 is used to prevent the piston 11 of the second-stage cylinder from blocking the buffer section of the first-stage cylinder.

[0051] This configuration, with its reasonable structural layout, facilitates the formation of a series-connected two-stage hydraulic cylinder structure, increasing the effective ejection stroke, improving the ejection speed, and thus enabling ejection operations.

[0052] It is worth mentioning that in this embodiment, both the first-stage cylinder piston 8 and the second-stage cylinder piston 11 are cylindrical. The maximum outer diameter of the first-stage cylinder piston 8 is adapted to the inner diameter of the cylinder body 3, and the maximum outer diameter of the second-stage cylinder piston 11 is adapted to the inner diameter of the first-stage cylinder piston 8.

[0053] Meanwhile, in the specific configuration, the rodless chamber 22 of the first-stage cylinder is connected to the fluid chamber 17 of the accumulator 2 via a connecting pipe 1, while the rodless chamber 22 of the first-stage cylinder is not connected to the rod chamber 19 of the first-stage cylinder. Therefore, further consideration is needed. Figure 2As shown, the end of the first-stage cylinder piston 8 near the connecting pipe 1 is equipped with the aforementioned maximum outer diameter to separate the rodless chamber 22 of the first-stage cylinder from the rod chamber 19 of the first-stage cylinder. Similarly, the left end of the second-stage cylinder piston 11 is also equipped with the aforementioned maximum outer diameter to separate the rodless chamber 21 of the second-stage cylinder from the rod chamber 20 of the second-stage cylinder.

[0054] Furthermore, it should be noted that in this embodiment, the rod chamber 19 of the first-stage cylinder, the rodless chamber 21 of the second-stage cylinder, and the rod chamber 20 of the second-stage cylinder are connected and filled with hydraulic fluid. After the energy storage mechanism injects pressurized hydraulic fluid into the rodless chamber 22 of the first-stage cylinder, the piston 8 of the first-stage cylinder is pushed to slide out of the cylinder body 3. At this time, the hydraulic fluid in the rod chamber 19 of the first-stage cylinder and the rod chamber 20 of the second-stage cylinder is sequentially pressed into the rodless chamber 21 of the second-stage cylinder, and pushes the piston 11 of the second-stage cylinder to slide out of the cylinder body 3, thereby realizing the formation of a series two-stage hydraulic cylinder structure, effectively improving the ejection speed.

[0055] To achieve a good cushioning effect after ejection, in this embodiment, combined with Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the primary cylinder buffer section includes multiple primary cylinder buffer holes 12 located at one end of the primary cylinder piston 8 near the cylinder oil cap 16. When the primary cylinder piston 8 slides out of the cylinder body 3 after completing the first ejection stroke, the first stop part 5 can gradually block each primary cylinder buffer hole 12, so that the pressure value of the rod chamber 19 of the primary cylinder fluctuates within a preset pressure range, thereby slowing down the sliding action of the primary cylinder piston 8.

[0056] Similarly, combined Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the secondary cylinder buffer section includes multiple secondary cylinder buffer holes 4 located on the secondary cylinder piston 11 near the piston limiting part 13. When the secondary cylinder piston 11 slides out of the cylinder body 3 after completing the second ejection stroke, the second stop part 6 can gradually block each secondary cylinder buffer hole 4, so that the pressure value of the rod chamber 20 of the secondary cylinder fluctuates within a preset pressure range, thereby slowing down the sliding action of the secondary cylinder piston 11.

[0057] Of course, the quantity and arrangement of the first-stage cylinder buffer holes 12 and the second-stage cylinder buffer holes 4 can be set according to the actual buffering requirements. For example, the first-stage cylinder buffer holes 12 can be specifically set as five groups arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the first-stage cylinder piston 8, and each group includes four or six groups arranged at intervals around the first-stage cylinder piston 8. The second-stage cylinder buffer holes 4 can be specifically set as four groups arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the second-stage cylinder piston 11, and each group includes four or six groups arranged at intervals around the first-stage cylinder piston 8.

[0058] It should be noted that in practical applications, the preset pressure range in this embodiment can be set and adjusted according to the actual buffering requirements. When the pressure value of the rod chamber 19 of the first-stage cylinder fluctuates within the preset pressure range, the pressure in the rod chamber 19 of the first-stage cylinder is a relatively large pressure that is sufficient to slow down the slippage of the piston 8 of the first-stage cylinder. Similarly, when the pressure value of the rod chamber 20 of the second-stage cylinder fluctuates within the preset pressure range, the pressure in the rod chamber 20 of the second-stage cylinder is a relatively large pressure that is sufficient to slow down the slippage of the piston 11 of the second-stage cylinder.

[0059] Furthermore, in order to achieve the gradual sealing of each primary cylinder buffer hole 12, the aforementioned first stop 5 can be specifically configured as a primary cylinder piston stop block with a certain axial length. The primary cylinder piston stop block is cylindrical in shape. When the primary cylinder buffer part slides to the primary cylinder piston stop block (that is, when the primary cylinder piston 8 continues to slide after completing the first ejection stroke), the primary cylinder piston stop block can gradually seal each primary cylinder buffer hole 12, so that high pressure is formed in the rod chamber 19 of the primary cylinder to prevent the primary cylinder piston 8 from continuing to advance, thereby achieving a buffering effect.

[0060] The structure of the second stop 6 can be set with reference to the first stop 5. It is only necessary to ensure that when the second-stage cylinder piston 11 continues to slide after completing the second ejection stroke, high pressure is formed in the rod chamber 20 of the second-stage cylinder to prevent the second-stage cylinder piston 11 from continuing to move forward, thus achieving buffering. It will not be described in detail here.

[0061] It is worth mentioning that, in terms of overall structure, the buffer hole 12 of the first-stage cylinder and the first stop part 5, as well as the buffer hole 4 of the second-stage cylinder and the second stop part 6, form a buffer structure similar to a "piccolo", thereby constructing an effective buffer stroke for the piston 8 of the first-stage cylinder and the piston 11 of the second-stage cylinder, and achieving a good buffering effect.

[0062] See Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, as a preferred implementation, the cylinder body 3 and the cylinder oil cap 16 are provided with a starting channel 23 for connecting the rodless chamber 22 of the first-stage cylinder to the connecting pipeline 1, which facilitates the initiation of the ejection operation. For ease of operation, the cylinder body 3 is preferably provided with a control unit 15 capable of controlling the opening and closing of the starting channel 23.

[0063] Specifically, the aforementioned control unit 15 can employ common valve devices, such as high-speed switching valves. Furthermore, the starting channel 23 can be designed to be formed by connecting the cylinder body 3 and the through holes on the cylinder cap 16. The path and size settings can be configured according to the actual starting operation requirements, for example, by combining... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the control unit 15 is connected to the rodless chamber 22 of the first-stage cylinder through the starting channel 23. The starting channel 23 has an injection end of a certain length arranged along the axial direction of the piston 8 of the first-stage cylinder. That is, the injection direction of the hydraulic fluid is the same as the ejection direction of the piston 8 of the first-stage cylinder, which helps to reduce energy loss and improve the ejection effect.

[0064] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the series-connected two-stage hydraulic cylinders, in conjunction with the control unit 15, can form an integrated positive feedback structure for ejection loading, thereby facilitating high-speed ejection in an extremely short time.

[0065] In addition, in this embodiment, a communication adjustment section is provided between the cylinder body 3 and the first-stage cylinder piston 8. The communication adjustment section can adjust the communication volume between the rodless chamber 22 of the first-stage cylinder and the communication pipe 1, so that when the first-stage cylinder piston 8 is in the first ejection stroke, the ejection speed of the first-stage cylinder piston 8 can be increased by gradually increasing the communication volume, thereby facilitating high-speed ejection.

[0066] In a specific configuration, the aforementioned communication adjustment unit includes a cylindrical bushing 14 located inside the cylinder body 3 near the cylinder oil cap 16. The bushing 14 is provided with multiple communication holes that can connect the rodless chamber 22 of the first-stage cylinder to the communication pipeline 1. During the first ejection stroke, the piston rod 8 of the first-stage cylinder can gradually release the blockage of each communication hole.

[0067] This allows for the formation of a "piccolo-shaped" buffer structure. This buffer structure, used to construct the buffer stroke of a series two-stage hydraulic cylinder structure, effectively avoids the problem of impact after ejection and improves the system's performance.

[0068] The number and arrangement of the connecting holes here can refer to the number and arrangement of the buffer holes 12 of the first-stage cylinder mentioned above. For example, the connecting holes can be specifically set as five groups arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the piston 8 of the first-stage cylinder, and each group includes four or six arranged at intervals around the piston 8 of the first-stage cylinder, so as to better adapt to the adjustment of the flow rate.

[0069] In addition, as a preferred embodiment, to improve the overall stability and reliability of the system, in this embodiment, a first sealing ring 24 is provided between the cylinder body 3 and the connecting pipe 1, a second sealing ring 25 is provided between the connecting pipe 1 and the accumulator 2, a third sealing ring 26 is provided between the accumulator piston and the cylinder body, a fourth sealing ring 27 is provided between the end of the first-stage cylinder piston 8 near the piston limiting part 13 (at the maximum outer diameter) and the cylinder body 3, a fifth sealing ring 28 is provided between the first stop part 5 and the first-stage cylinder piston 8, a sixth sealing ring 29 is provided between the second stop part 6 and the second-stage cylinder piston 11, and a seventh sealing ring 30 is provided between the second stop part 6 and the first-stage cylinder piston 8.

[0070] Meanwhile, an eighth sealing ring 31 is provided between the second-stage cylinder piston 11 (at its maximum outer diameter) and the first-stage cylinder piston 8, and a ninth sealing ring 32 is provided between the piston limiting part 13 and the first-stage cylinder piston 8. In addition, a tenth sealing ring 33 is provided between the bushing 14 and the cylinder body 3, and an eleventh sealing ring 34 is provided between the cylinder oil cap 16 and the bushing 14. Therefore, based on the good stability and reliability of the overall system, this hydraulic catapult system can be effectively applied in underwater conditions.

[0071] When the hydraulic ejection system in this embodiment is in the ejection state, combined with Figure 2 In the state shown, firstly, the control unit 15 is operated to open the starting channel 23. The hydraulic fluid in the energy storage mechanism enters the rodless chamber 22 of the first-stage cylinder through the starting channel 23, pushing the piston 8 of the first-stage cylinder to the right (outside the cylinder body 3). As the displacement of the piston 8 of the first-stage cylinder increases, the connecting holes on the bushing 14 are opened one by one. The hydraulic fluid in the energy storage mechanism can enter the rodless chamber 22 of the first-stage cylinder through each connecting hole, and the flow rate becomes larger and larger, which achieves the purpose of high-speed ejection of the piston 8 of the first-stage cylinder, completing the first ejection stroke of the piston 8 of the first-stage cylinder.

[0072] As the displacement of the first-stage cylinder piston 8 increases, the hydraulic fluid in the rod chamber 19 of the first-stage cylinder enters the rodless chamber 21 of the second-stage cylinder through the buffer hole 12 of the first-stage cylinder, pushing the second-stage cylinder piston 11 to move to the right, achieving the purpose of high-speed ejection of the second-stage cylinder piston 11. At the same time, as the displacement of the second-stage cylinder piston 11 increases, the hydraulic fluid in the rod chamber 20 of the second-stage cylinder enters the rodless chamber 21 of the second-stage cylinder through the buffer hole 4 of the second-stage cylinder, further pushing the second-stage cylinder piston 11 to move to the right to achieve the required ejection speed, completing the second ejection stroke of the second-stage cylinder piston 11, and also realizing the full utilization of the energy of the accumulator 2.

[0073] When the hydraulic catapult system is in buffer state, combined with Figure 3 As shown, as the first-stage cylinder piston 8 moves into the buffer section after completing the first ejection stroke, the first-stage cylinder buffer holes 12 on the first-stage cylinder piston 8 are closed one by one by the first stop part 5. The pressure value in the rod chamber 19 of the first-stage cylinder fluctuates within a preset pressure range, which serves as a buffer brake for the first-stage cylinder piston 8. As the second-stage cylinder piston 11 moves into the buffer section after completing the second ejection stroke, the second-stage cylinder buffer holes 4 on the second-stage cylinder piston 11 are closed one by one by the second stop part 6. The pressure value in the rod chamber 20 of the second-stage cylinder fluctuates within a preset pressure range, which serves as a buffer brake for the second-stage cylinder piston 11.

[0074] The hydraulic ejection system of this embodiment, through the coordinated arrangement of cylinder 3, primary cylinder piston 8 and secondary cylinder piston 11, can form a structure of two hydraulic cylinders in series, giving the ejection mechanism a high degree of integration and structural reliability. Under conditions suitable for underwater ejection, it can increase the effective ejection stroke and improve the ejection speed. Furthermore, the inclusion of primary and secondary cylinder buffer sections can achieve buffer braking after the ejection operation is completed, avoiding collision problems and thus providing better performance.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0076] It should be understood that although quantifiers such as "first," "second," etc., may be used herein to describe various units, these units should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used merely to distinguish one unit from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments, a first unit may be referred to as a second unit, and similarly, a second unit may be referred to as a first unit.

[0077] The directional terms such as "outer," "middle," and "inner" mentioned or potentially used in this specification are defined relative to the structures shown in the accompanying drawings. They are relative concepts and may therefore vary depending on their location and usage. Therefore, these or other directional terms should not be interpreted as restrictive.

[0078] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application in any form or substance. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and additions without departing from the method of this application, and these improvements and additions should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention. Any modifications, alterations, and equivalent variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, based on the disclosed technical content, are equivalent embodiments of this application. Furthermore, any modifications, alterations, and variations made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of this application still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A hydraulic catapult system, characterized in that: It includes a catapult mechanism and an energy storage mechanism, wherein the energy storage mechanism is used to drive the catapult mechanism to operate; The ejection mechanism includes a cylindrical cylinder (3) connected to the energy storage mechanism, a primary cylinder piston (8) slidably disposed in the cylinder (3), and a secondary cylinder piston (11) slidably disposed in the primary cylinder piston (8). The secondary cylinder piston (11) has a load end that can extend out of the primary cylinder piston (8), and a primary cylinder buffer is provided between the cylinder (3) and the primary cylinder piston (8), and a secondary cylinder buffer is provided between the primary cylinder piston (8) and the secondary cylinder piston (11). When the energy storage mechanism drives the ejection mechanism, it can push the first-stage cylinder piston (8) to slide outward of the cylinder body (3) for a first ejection stroke, and push the second-stage cylinder piston (11) to slide in the same direction for a second ejection stroke, so as to form the ejection state of the ejection mechanism. The first-stage cylinder buffer can slow down the sliding of the first-stage cylinder piston (8) after the first ejection stroke is completed, and the second-stage cylinder buffer can slow down the sliding of the second-stage cylinder piston (11) after the second ejection stroke is completed, so as to form the buffer state of the ejection mechanism. The energy storage mechanism and the cylinder (3) are detachably connected via a connecting pipe (1); The cylinder body (3) is provided with a cylinder oil cap (16) at one end near the connecting pipe (1), and a first stop (5) is provided at the other end of the cylinder body (3). The first-stage cylinder piston (8) has a pop-out end that passes through and extends out of the first stop (5), and a first-stage cylinder rodless cavity (22) is formed between the cylinder body (3), the cylinder oil cap (16) and the first-stage cylinder piston (8). The first-stage cylinder rodless cavity (22) is connected to the energy storage mechanism through the connecting pipe (1). A communication adjustment section is also provided between the cylinder body (3) and the piston (8) of the first-stage cylinder, and the communication adjustment section can adjust the amount of communication between the rodless chamber (22) of the first-stage cylinder and the communication pipeline (1); The communication adjustment part includes a cylindrical bushing (14) arranged in the cylinder body (3) near the cylinder oil cap (16), and the bushing (14) is provided with a plurality of communication holes that can connect the rodless chamber (22) of the first stage cylinder with the communication pipeline (1). During the first ejection stroke, the first-stage cylinder piston (8) can gradually release the blockage of each of the connecting holes.

2. The hydraulic catapult system of claim 1, wherein: A rod chamber (19) of a primary cylinder is formed between the first stop (5), the cylinder body (3) and the primary cylinder piston (8). The ejection end of the first-stage cylinder piston (8) is provided with a second stop (6), and the other end of the first-stage cylinder piston (8) is provided with a piston limiting part (13). The load end is provided on the end of the second-stage cylinder piston (11) that passes through and extends out of the second stop (6). A rodless cavity (21) of the second-stage cylinder is formed between the second-stage cylinder piston (11), the first-stage cylinder piston (8) and the piston limiting part (13). A rod cavity (20) of the second-stage cylinder is formed between the second-stage cylinder piston (11), the first-stage cylinder piston (8) and the second stop (6). The rodless chamber (21) of the second-stage cylinder and the rod chamber (19) of the first-stage cylinder can be connected through the buffer section of the first-stage cylinder, and the rodless chamber (21) of the second-stage cylinder and the rod chamber (20) of the second-stage cylinder can be connected through the buffer section of the second-stage cylinder, and the piston limiting part (13) is used to prevent the piston (11) of the second-stage cylinder from blocking the buffer section of the first-stage cylinder.

3. The hydraulic catapult system of claim 2, wherein: The primary cylinder buffer section includes a plurality of primary cylinder buffer holes (12) located at one end of the primary cylinder piston (8) near the cylinder oil cap (16). When the primary cylinder piston (8) slides out of the cylinder body (3) after completing the first ejection stroke, the first stop (5) can gradually block each of the primary cylinder buffer holes (12), so that the pressure value of the rod chamber (19) of the primary cylinder fluctuates within a preset pressure range, thereby slowing down the sliding action of the primary cylinder piston (8). The secondary cylinder buffer section includes a plurality of secondary cylinder buffer holes (4) provided on the secondary cylinder piston (11) near the piston limiting part (13). When the secondary cylinder piston (11) slides out of the cylinder body (3) after completing the second ejection stroke, the second stop part (6) can gradually block each of the secondary cylinder buffer holes (4), so that the pressure value of the rod chamber (20) of the secondary cylinder fluctuates within a preset pressure range, thereby slowing down the sliding action of the secondary cylinder piston (11).

4. The hydraulic catapult system of claim 2, wherein: The cylinder body (3) and the cylinder oil cap (16) are provided with a starting channel (23) for connecting the rodless chamber (22) of the first-stage cylinder with the connecting pipeline (1).

5. The hydraulic catapult system of claim 4, wherein: The cylinder (3) is provided with a control unit (15) that can control the opening and closing of the start channel (23).

6. The hydraulic catapult system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy storage mechanism includes an energy storage device (2); the energy storage device (2) includes a cylinder and an energy storage piston slidably disposed in the cylinder, and the energy storage piston divides the cylinder into a fluid chamber (17) and an air chamber (18), and the fluid chamber (17) is connected to the cylinder (3) through the connecting pipe (1).

7. The hydraulic catapult system of claim 6, wherein: A first sealing ring (24) is provided between the cylinder body (3) and the connecting pipe (1), a second sealing ring (25) is provided between the connecting pipe (1) and the accumulator (2), a third sealing ring (26) is provided between the accumulator piston and the cylinder body, a fourth sealing ring (27) is provided between the end of the first-stage cylinder piston (8) near the piston limiting part (13) and the cylinder body (3), a fifth sealing ring (28) is provided between the first stop part (5) and the first-stage cylinder piston (8), and a second stop part (6) is provided between the second-stage cylinder piston and the first-stage cylinder piston (8). A sixth sealing ring (29) is provided between the plug (11), a seventh sealing ring (30) is provided between the second stop (6) and the first-stage cylinder piston (8), an eighth sealing ring (31) is provided between the second-stage cylinder piston (11) and the first-stage cylinder piston (8), a ninth sealing ring (32) is provided between the piston limiting part (13) and the first-stage cylinder piston (8), a tenth sealing ring (33) is provided between the bushing (14) and the cylinder body (3), and an eleventh sealing ring (34) is provided between the cylinder oil cap (16) and the cylinder body (3).

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