Battery, battery module, battery system, and battery thermal abnormality alarm method

Abstract

The application provides a battery, a battery module, a battery system and a battery thermal abnormality alarm method. The battery comprises a battery core body, a battery core shell, a first temperature sensing magnet and a first Hall sensor. The first temperature sensing magnet is used for sensing the temperature inside the battery core body; wherein when the internal temperature of the battery core body is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature sensing magnet, the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet is weakened or disappears; the Curie temperature of the first temperature sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery core body; the first Hall sensor is used for detecting the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet, and outputs a first alarm signal according to the change of the magnetism of the first temperature sensing magnet, so that the host unit determines that the battery core body has a first level of thermal abnormality after detecting the first alarm signal. Thus, the thermal abnormality of the battery core body is accurately and timely alarmed, the integrity of the battery core shell is not damaged, and whether the battery core body has experienced thermal abnormality can be identified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery, battery module, battery system, and battery thermal anomaly alarm method. Background Technology

[0002] With the ever-increasing demand for batteries from fields such as electric vehicles and grid energy storage, the energy density and power density of battery cells are increasing, posing more stringent safety challenges. Currently, various factors such as misuse, reliability failures, design defects, and poor manufacturing often cause abnormal thermal conditions in battery cells, leading to safety issues such as spontaneous combustion or explosion.

[0003] In related technologies, a temperature sensing module (such as a thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) or a thermocouple) is used to measure the internal temperature of the battery cell. One probe of the temperature sensing module is electrically connected to the battery cell, and the other probe is electrically connected to the host unit (such as a battery management system (BMS)). In this way, the temperature sensing module can transmit the measured temperature data to the host unit, allowing the host unit to regulate the internal temperature of the battery cell based on the temperature data.

[0004] However, if the temperature sensing module's probe is attached to the surface of the cell's casing, it will be difficult for the module to measure the cell's internal temperature, resulting in inaccurate temperature data. This prevents the host unit from accurately and promptly controlling the cell's internal temperature. If the temperature sensing module uses a leaded probe electrically connected to the cell, the probe's lead needs to penetrate the cell's casing, leading to a complex casing structure and increasing the risk of encapsulation leaks. This compromises the cell's long-term usability, posing risks to its reliability and safety, and hindering large-scale mass production and use.

[0005] Therefore, how to accurately detect the internal temperature of the battery cell is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a battery, battery module, battery system, and battery thermal anomaly alarm method to achieve accurate and timely alarm for thermal anomalies in the battery cell body without damaging the integrity of the battery cell casing, and can also identify whether the battery cell body has experienced thermal anomalies.

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery, comprising: a cell body, a cell casing, a first temperature-sensing magnet, and a first Hall sensor;

[0008] The battery cell housing is made of non-magnetic shielding material and has a receiving cavity. The battery cell body is placed inside the receiving cavity, and the first Hall sensor is placed outside the receiving cavity. The first end of the first Hall sensor is used to be electrically connected to the power supply unit, and the second end of the first Hall sensor is used to be electrically connected to the first end of the host unit. The first temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the receiving cavity or outside the receiving cavity.

[0009] The first temperature-sensing magnet is used to sense the temperature inside the battery cell body; wherein, when the internal temperature of the battery cell body is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears; the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet is matched with the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell body.

[0010] The first Hall sensor is used to detect the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet and output a first alarm signal based on the change in the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet, so that the host unit can determine that the cell body has experienced a first-level thermal anomaly after detecting the first alarm signal.

[0011] The battery provided in the first aspect, through the cooperation of the first temperature-sensing magnet and the first Hall sensor, can accurately detect the internal temperature of the battery cell when a thermal anomaly occurs. This allows for accurate and timely alarm response to thermal anomalies in the battery cell, solving the problem of delayed or inaccurate alarm responses and improving the alarm speed, thus enhancing the battery's safety protection capabilities. Simultaneously, the layout of the first temperature-sensing magnet and the first Hall sensor does not require damage to the integrity of the battery cell casing, avoiding problems such as encapsulation leakage. This helps extend the battery's lifespan, ensures its reliability and safety, and facilitates large-scale mass production and use.

[0012] In addition, whether the first temperature-sensing magnet has undergone a magnetic transformation, and / or whether the Hall voltage output by the first Hall sensor has changed in amplitude, can serve as a basis for identifying whether the battery cell has experienced thermal anomalies, thus avoiding safety risks due to the battery cell having experienced thermal anomalies.

[0013] In one possible design, the battery also includes: a second temperature-sensing magnet and a second Hall sensor;

[0014] The second Hall sensor is placed outside the receiving cavity. The first end of the second Hall sensor is used to be electrically connected to the power supply unit, and the second end of the second Hall sensor is used to be electrically connected to the second end of the host unit. The second end of the host unit is different from the first end of the host unit. The second temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the receiving cavity or outside the receiving cavity.

[0015] The second temperature-sensing magnet is used to sense the temperature inside the battery cell body; when the internal temperature of the battery cell body is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears; the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell body, and the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet is different from the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet.

[0016] The second Hall sensor is used to detect the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet. Based on the change in the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet, a second alarm signal is output so that the host unit can determine that the battery cell body has experienced a second-level thermal anomaly after detecting the second alarm signal. The first level is different from the second level.

[0017] The battery provided by this embodiment can have a first temperature-sensing magnet and a second temperature-sensing magnet with different Curie temperatures arranged on the same cell body. By means of the first temperature-sensing magnet and the second temperature-sensing magnet being electrically connected to different terminals of the host unit, the host unit can know the degree and temperature of thermal abnormality of the same cell body through different terminals, realizing multi-level alarm for thermal abnormality of the same cell body, which is conducive to the host unit to accurately and timely perform different levels of safety protection for the battery.

[0018] In one possible design, the distance between the first temperature-sensing magnet and the second temperature-sensing magnet is greater than a first preset distance, and the distance between the first Hall sensor and the second Hall sensor is greater than a second preset distance, so that the first temperature-sensing magnet and the first Hall sensor form a magnetic shield with the second temperature-sensing magnet and the second Hall sensor.

[0019] The battery provided by this embodiment makes full use of the internal space of the cell body to arrange each set of temperature-sensing magnets and Hall sensors, so that the magnetic induction intensity of the second Hall sensor is independent of the magnetic change of the first temperature-sensing magnet, and the magnetic induction intensity of the first Hall sensor is independent of the magnetic change of the second temperature-sensing magnet. This ensures that the first temperature-sensing magnet and the first Hall sensor form magnetic shielding with the second temperature-sensing magnet and the second Hall sensor.

[0020] In one possible design, the battery further includes: a first magnetic shield and a second magnetic shield, both having openings, for ensuring that the first temperature-sensing magnet and the first Hall sensor form a magnetic shield with the second temperature-sensing magnet and the second Hall sensor;

[0021] The first temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the first magnetic shield, and the second temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the second magnetic shield. The opening direction of the first magnetic shield is the same as the opening direction of the second magnetic shield.

[0022] Alternatively, the first temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the first magnetic shield, and the first Hall sensor is placed inside the second magnetic shield, with the openings of the first magnetic shield and the second magnetic shield positioned opposite each other.

[0023] Alternatively, the second temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the first magnetic shield, the second Hall sensor is placed inside the second magnetic shield, and the openings of the first magnetic shield and the second magnetic shield are positioned opposite each other.

[0024] In one possible design, the battery also includes: a third magnetic shield, a fourth magnetic shield, and a fifth magnetic shield, each having an opening, to ensure that the first temperature-sensing magnet and the first Hall sensor form a magnetic shield with the second temperature-sensing magnet and the second Hall sensor.

[0025] The first temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the third magnetic shield, the first Hall sensor is placed inside the fourth magnetic shield, the second temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the fifth magnetic shield, the opening direction of the third magnetic shield is opposite to the opening of the fourth magnetic shield, and the opening direction of the third magnetic shield is the same as the opening direction of the fifth magnetic shield.

[0026] Alternatively, the second temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the third magnetic shield, the second Hall sensor is placed inside the fourth magnetic shield, and the first temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the fifth magnetic shield. The opening direction of the third magnetic shield is opposite to the opening direction of the fourth magnetic shield, and the opening direction of the third magnetic shield is the same as that of the fifth magnetic shield.

[0027] In one possible design, the battery further includes: a sixth magnetic shield, a seventh magnetic shield, an eighth magnetic shield, and a ninth magnetic shield, all having openings, to ensure that the first temperature-sensing magnet and the first Hall sensor form magnetic shielding with the second temperature-sensing magnet and the second Hall sensor.

[0028] The first temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the sixth magnetic shield, the first Hall sensor is placed inside the seventh magnetic shield, and the openings of the sixth and seventh magnetic shields are opposite to each other. The second temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the eighth magnetic shield, the second Hall sensor is placed inside the ninth magnetic shield, and the openings of the eighth and ninth magnetic shields are opposite to each other.

[0029] The battery provided by this embodiment, based on the aforementioned magnetic shielding, allows adjustment of the direction of the magnetic field applied by the temperature-sensing magnet to the corresponding Hall sensor in each group. This ensures that the magnetic induction intensity of the second Hall sensor is independent of the magnetic change of the first temperature-sensing magnet, and vice versa. This guarantees that magnetic shielding is formed between the first temperature-sensing magnet and the first Hall sensor, and between the second temperature-sensing magnet and the second Hall sensor.

[0030] In one possible design, the battery also includes: a third temperature-sensing magnet, a third Hall sensor, and an AND gate circuit;

[0031] The third Hall sensor is placed outside the receiving cavity. The first end of the third Hall sensor is used to be electrically connected to the power supply unit. The second end of the first Hall sensor is electrically connected to the first end of the AND gate circuit. The second end of the third Hall sensor is electrically connected to the second end of the AND gate circuit. The third end of the AND gate circuit is used to be electrically connected to the first end of the host unit. The third temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the receiving cavity or outside the receiving cavity.

[0032] The first temperature-sensing magnet is specifically used to sense the temperature inside the battery cell at the first detection position.

[0033] The first Hall sensor is specifically used to detect the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet and transmit a first alarm signal to the AND gate circuit based on the change in the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet.

[0034] The third temperature-sensing magnet is used to sense the temperature inside the battery cell at the second detection position. When the internal temperature of the battery cell is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the third temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears. The Curie temperature of the third temperature-sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell. The second detection position is different from the first detection position.

[0035] The third Hall sensor is used to detect the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet and transmits the third alarm signal to the AND gate circuit according to the change in the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet.

[0036] An AND gate circuit is used to transmit a first alarm signal to the host unit after receiving a first alarm signal, so that the host unit determines that a first-level thermal anomaly has occurred in the cell body at the first detection position when it detects a jump in the level of the first alarm signal; or, after receiving a third alarm signal, to transmit a third alarm signal to the host unit, so that the host unit determines that a first-level thermal anomaly has occurred in the cell body at the second detection position when it detects a jump in the level of the third alarm signal.

[0037] The battery provided by this embodiment arranges a first temperature-sensing magnet and a first Hall sensor, as well as a third temperature-sensing magnet and a third Hall sensor, at different detection positions on the same cell body. Through an AND gate circuit and an electrical connection to a single terminal of the host unit, the host unit can monitor the temperature status of the cell body in parallel at multiple detection positions on the same cell body via a single terminal. This eliminates the impact of a small number of detection positions or their remote locations on the response speed to alarms for thermal anomalies in the cell body. It also solves the problem of limited terminal quantity in the host unit, enabling multi-point alarms for thermal anomalies in the same cell body, improving the response speed to alarms for thermal anomalies in the cell body, and enhancing detection sensitivity and reliability.

[0038] In one possible design, the AND gate circuit includes: a first diode, a second diode, a first resistor, and a second resistor;

[0039] The cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first Hall sensor, the cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third Hall sensor, the anodes of the first and second diodes, the first terminals of the first and second resistors are all used to be electrically connected to the first terminal of the host unit, the second terminal of the first resistor is used to input a preset voltage, and the second terminal of the second resistor is grounded.

[0040] The battery provided by this embodiment offers a feasible implementation of an AND gate circuit.

[0041] In one possible design, the alarm signal is a digital signal with a level transition. This allows for a digital alarm signal to detect thermal anomalies in the battery cell. The alarm signal can be any of the alarm signals mentioned in this application, such as the first alarm signal, the second alarm signal, or the third alarm signal.

[0042] In one possible design, the Hall sensor includes: a Hall element, an amplifier, and a comparator;

[0043] Among them, the first end of the Hall element is the first end of the Hall sensor, which is used to be electrically connected to the power supply unit; the second end of the Hall element is electrically connected to the first end of the amplifier; the second end of the amplifier is electrically connected to the first end of the comparator; the second end of the comparator is used to input the threshold voltage, which is determined based on the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnet and the amplification ratio of the amplifier; and the third end of the comparator is the second end of the Hall sensor, which is used to be electrically connected to a terminal of the host unit.

[0044] A Hall element is used to detect the magnetism of a temperature-sensing magnet and, after the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears, transmits a voltage with a smaller amplitude to an amplifier, wherein the voltage can be understood as the Hall voltage mentioned in this application;

[0045] An amplifier is used to amplify a voltage whose amplitude has decreased according to the amplifier's amplification ratio, obtain an amplified result, and transmit the amplified result to a comparator.

[0046] The comparator is used to convert the amplified result based on the threshold voltage to obtain an alarm signal and output the alarm signal so that the host unit can determine that the cell body has a thermal abnormality after detecting a jump in the level of the alarm signal.

[0047] The battery provided by this embodiment, based on the above-described structure of the Hall sensor, realizes a digital signal alarm for thermal anomalies in the battery cell. The Hall sensor can be the first Hall sensor, the second Hall sensor, or the third Hall sensor mentioned above, etc.

[0048] In one possible design, the alarm signal is an analog signal where the voltage amplitude drops below a threshold voltage amplitude, the threshold voltage amplitude being determined based on the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnet. This enables an analog alarm signal for thermal anomalies in the battery cell. This alarm signal can be any of the alarm signals mentioned in this application, such as the first alarm signal or the second alarm signal.

[0049] In one possible design, the Hall sensor includes: an amplifier and multiple Hall elements, each Hall element corresponding to a temperature-sensing magnet;

[0050] In this configuration, the first end of each Hall element is the first end of the Hall sensor, and the first end of each Hall element is used to be electrically connected to the power supply unit. Multiple Hall elements are connected in series, and the first and second ends of the series Hall elements are respectively electrically connected to the first and second ends of the amplifier. The third end of the amplifier is the second end of the Hall sensor, and the third end of the amplifier is used to be electrically connected to one terminal of the host unit.

[0051] Each Hall element is used to detect the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet corresponding to the Hall element, and after the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet corresponding to the Hall element weakens or disappears, it transmits a voltage with a smaller amplitude to the amplifier, wherein the voltage can be understood as the Hall voltage mentioned in this application.

[0052] An amplifier amplifies the amplitude and value of the voltage transmitted by each Hall element according to the amplifier's amplification ratio to obtain an alarm signal, which is then transmitted to the host unit. The host unit determines a thermal anomaly in the battery cell when the amplitude of the detected alarm signal voltage drops below a threshold voltage, which is determined based on the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnet corresponding to each Hall element and the amplifier's amplification ratio. This embodiment of the battery arranges multiple temperature-sensing magnets at different detection locations on the same battery cell, with each magnet corresponding to multiple Hall elements in the Hall sensor. Through an amplifier in the Hall sensor and an electrical connection to a terminal of the host unit, the host unit can monitor the temperature of the battery cell in parallel at multiple detection locations on the same cell via a single terminal. This eliminates the impact of a small number or remotely located detection locations on the response speed of alarms for thermal anomalies, solves the problem of limited terminal numbers in the host unit, achieves multi-point alarms for thermal anomalies in the same battery cell, improves the response speed, enhances detection sensitivity and reliability, reduces the number of amplifiers, and saves on device connection costs. The Hall sensor can be the first Hall sensor or the second Hall sensor mentioned above.

[0053] In one possible design, the temperature-sensing magnet is fixed to the inner surface of the cell housing;

[0054] Alternatively, the temperature-sensing magnet is fixed in the electrolyte of the battery cell body;

[0055] Alternatively, the temperature-sensing magnet can be clamped inside the bare cell of the battery cell body;

[0056] Alternatively, the temperature-sensing magnet is fixed to the outer surface of the battery cell casing;

[0057] Alternatively, the temperature-sensing magnet can be fixed to the outside of the cell casing.

[0058] The layout of the temperature-sensing magnet provided by this embodiment can include a variety of feasible implementation methods, which facilitates flexible arrangement of the temperature-sensing magnet.

[0059] In one possible design, when the temperature-sensing magnet is fixed to the outside of the cell casing, the battery also includes a heat-conducting element fixed to the outer surface of the cell casing, and the heat-conducting element is in contact with the surface of the temperature-sensing magnet.

[0060] With the battery provided by this embodiment, the heat generated by the cell body can be concentrated and transferred to the temperature-sensing magnet through the heat-conducting component, which improves the heat conduction effect and helps the temperature-sensing magnet reflect the temperature change of the cell body.

[0061] In one possible design, the Hall sensor is fixed to the outer surface of the cell housing;

[0062] Alternatively, the Hall sensor can be fixed to the outside of the cell housing.

[0063] The battery provided by this embodiment allows for a variety of feasible layouts for the Hall sensor, facilitating flexible configuration of the Hall sensor.

[0064] Secondly, this application provides a battery module, comprising: M batteries provided in the first aspect and in each possible design of the first aspect, where M is a positive integer.

[0065] The beneficial effects of the battery module provided in the second aspect and the various possible designs of the second aspect can be seen in the beneficial effects of the battery provided in the first aspect and the various possible designs of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0066] Thirdly, this application provides a battery system, including: a power supply unit, a host unit, and a battery module provided in the second aspect and various possible designs of the second aspect;

[0067] The power supply unit is electrically connected to the Hall sensor in the main unit and the battery module respectively, and the Hall sensor in the battery module is also electrically connected to the main unit.

[0068] The power supply unit is used to supply power to the Hall sensors in the main unit and the battery module, respectively.

[0069] The temperature-sensing magnet in the battery module is used to sense the internal temperature of the cell body corresponding to the temperature-sensing magnet in the battery module; when the internal temperature of the cell body is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears; the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the cell body.

[0070] The Hall sensor in the battery module is used to detect the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet corresponding to the Hall sensor in the battery module, and outputs the first alarm signal based on the change in the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet.

[0071] The host unit is used to determine that a first-level thermal anomaly has occurred in the battery cell body when a first alarm signal is detected.

[0072] The beneficial effects of the battery system provided in the third aspect and the various possible designs of the third aspect can be seen from the beneficial effects of the battery module provided in the second aspect and the various possible designs of the second aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0073] Fourthly, this application provides a battery thermal anomaly alarm method, applied to a battery, the battery including: a cell body, a cell casing, a first temperature-sensing magnet and a first Hall sensor; wherein, the cell casing is made of a non-magnetic shielding material, the cell casing has a receiving cavity, the cell body is placed inside the receiving cavity, the first Hall sensor is placed outside the receiving cavity, the first end of the first Hall sensor is used for electrical connection with a power supply unit, the second end of the first Hall sensor is used for electrical connection with the first end of a host unit, and the first temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the receiving cavity or outside the receiving cavity;

[0074] The method includes:

[0075] The first temperature-sensing magnet senses the temperature inside the battery cell body; wherein, when the internal temperature of the battery cell body is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears; the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell body.

[0076] The first Hall sensor detects the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet and outputs a first alarm signal based on the change in the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet, so that the host unit determines that the battery cell body has experienced a first-level thermal anomaly after detecting the first alarm signal.

[0077] In one possible design, the battery further includes: a second temperature-sensing magnet and a second Hall sensor; wherein the second Hall sensor is placed outside the receiving cavity, the first end of the second Hall sensor is used to be electrically connected to the power supply unit, the second end of the second Hall sensor is used to be electrically connected to the second end of the host unit, the second end of the host unit is different from the first end of the host unit, and the second temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the receiving cavity or outside the receiving cavity.

[0078] The method also includes:

[0079] The second temperature-sensing magnet senses the temperature inside the battery cell body; wherein, when the internal temperature of the battery cell body is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears; the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell body, and the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet is different from the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet.

[0080] The second Hall sensor detects the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet and outputs a second alarm signal based on the change in the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet, so that the host unit determines that the battery cell body has experienced a second-level thermal anomaly after detecting the second alarm signal. The first level is different from the second level.

[0081] In one possible design, the battery further includes: a third temperature-sensing magnet, a third Hall sensor, and an AND gate circuit; wherein the third Hall sensor is placed outside the receiving cavity, the first end of the third Hall sensor is used to be electrically connected to the power supply unit, the second end of the first Hall sensor is electrically connected to the first end of the AND gate circuit, the second end of the third Hall sensor is electrically connected to the second end of the AND gate circuit, the third end of the AND gate circuit is used to be electrically connected to the first end of the host unit, and the third temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the receiving cavity or outside the receiving cavity;

[0082] The method also includes:

[0083] The first temperature-sensing magnet senses the temperature inside the battery cell at the first detection location.

[0084] The first Hall sensor detects the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet and transmits a first alarm signal to the AND gate circuit based on the change in the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet.

[0085] The third temperature-sensing magnet senses the temperature inside the battery cell at the second detection position; wherein, when the internal temperature of the battery cell is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the third temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears; the Curie temperature of the third temperature-sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell, and the second detection position is different from the first detection position.

[0086] The third Hall sensor detects the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet and transmits the third alarm signal to the AND gate circuit based on the change in the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet.

[0087] After receiving the first alarm signal, the AND gate circuit transmits the first alarm signal to the host unit so that when the host unit detects a jump in the level of the first alarm signal, it determines that a first-level thermal anomaly has occurred in the cell body at the first detection position.

[0088] Alternatively, after receiving the third alarm signal, the AND gate circuit transmits the third alarm signal to the host unit, so that when the host unit detects a jump in the level of the third alarm signal, it determines that a first-level thermal anomaly has occurred in the cell body at the second detection position.

[0089] The beneficial effects of the battery thermal anomaly alarm method provided in the fourth aspect and the various possible designs of the fourth aspect can be found in the beneficial effects of the battery provided in the first aspect and the various possible designs of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0090] Figure 1 A Semenov thermogram is provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0091] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the magnetism and temperature of a temperature-sensitive magnet according to an embodiment of this application;

[0092] Figures 3A-3B A schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a Hall sensor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0093] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the relationship between Hall voltage and Curie temperature of a temperature-sensing magnet is provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0094] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a battery alarm strategy provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0095] Figure 6A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery system provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0096] Figure 6B This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery system provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0097] Figure 6C This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a battery thermal anomaly alarm method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0098] Figure 6D A schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a first Hall sensor provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0099] Figures 7A-7D A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0100] Figures 8A-8D A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0101] Figures 9A-9B A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0102] Figure 10A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first Hall sensor provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0103] Figure 10B This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first Hall sensor provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0104] Figure 11A This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery system provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0105] Figure 11B This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a battery thermal anomaly alarm method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0106] Figure 11CA schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a first Hall sensor and a second Hall sensor provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0107] Figures 12A-12B A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0108] Figures 13A-13F A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0109] Figures 14A-14B A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0110] Figures 15A-15B A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0111] Figure 16A This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery system provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0112] Figure 16B This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a battery thermal anomaly alarm method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0113] Figure 16C A schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a first Hall sensor and a third Hall sensor provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0114] Figure 16D This is a schematic diagram of an AND gate circuit provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0115] Figure 17A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first Hall sensor provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0116] Figure 17B This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a first Hall sensor provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0117] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0118] 1—Battery system;

[0119] 20—Power supply unit; 30—Main unit; 10—Battery module;

[0120] 100 — Battery;

[0121] 101—Battery cell body; 102—Battery cell housing; 103—First temperature-sensing magnet; 104—First Hall sensor;

[0122] 105—Heat conductor; 1041 and 1044—Hall element; 1042 and 1045—Amplifier; 1043—Comparator;

[0123] 106—Second temperature-sensing magnet; 107—Second Hall sensor;

[0124] 108—First magnetic shielding component; 109—Second magnetic shielding component; 110—Third magnetic shielding component;

[0125] 111—Fourth magnetic shielding component; 112—Fifth magnetic shielding component; 113—Sixth magnetic shielding component; 114—Seventh magnetic shielding component;

[0126] 115—Eighth magnetic shielding component; 116—Ninth magnetic shielding component;

[0127] 117—Third temperature-sensing magnet; 118—Third Hall sensor; 119—AND gate circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0128] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c alone can mean: a alone, b alone, c alone, a combination of a and b, a combination of a and c, a combination of b and c, or a, b, and c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0129] Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application.

[0130] In related technologies, temperature measurement modules often have the following problems:

[0131] 1. Unable to accurately measure the internal temperature of the battery cell.

[0132] Because the electrode arrays inside a battery cell are typically stacked or wound, the thermal conductivity of these electrode arrays differs significantly between the plane of the stack and the direction perpendicular to the stack plane. This results in a pronounced three-dimensional size effect in heat conduction within the cell. When a thermal anomaly occurs in the cell, the initial heat source is usually a point-source heat source. The heat generated by this heat source needs to pass through multiple components (such as the electrode arrays / tabs / terminals) and different contact surfaces to reach the cell's casing surface, resulting in a significant temperature difference between the inside of the cell and the surface of its casing. For example, in a 50Ah square aluminum-cased battery, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the cell casing is greater than 10°C during 2C charging.

[0133] Therefore, when the probe of the temperature sensing module comes into contact with the surface of the battery cell's casing, the probe cannot accurately detect the internal temperature of the battery cell, resulting in inaccurate alarm response temperature when the battery cell experiences thermal abnormalities.

[0134] 2. Delayed alarm response to abnormal cell temperature.

[0135] When a thermal anomaly occurs in a battery cell, the heat generated by the heat source is transferred to the surface of the battery cell casing through multiple components and different contact surfaces. There is a significant time difference in the temperature rise from the heat source to the external temperature measuring point.

[0136] Therefore, when the probe of the temperature measurement module comes into contact with the surface of the battery cell's casing, there is a time lag in the alarm response of the temperature measurement module to the thermal anomaly of the battery cell.

[0137] 3. Unable to determine whether the battery cell has experienced abnormal heating.

[0138] During production, transportation, storage and use, battery cells that have experienced thermal anomalies will suffer irreversible damage to their internal structure, separators, material systems and electrochemical interfaces. In other words, even if the battery cell does not experience temperature runaway, there is still a safety risk caused by temperature runaway. Existing temperature measuring devices have difficulty in identifying whether a battery cell has experienced thermal anomalies.

[0139] Due to the limited number of terminals in the main unit, the temperature measuring device cannot be deployed at multiple detection locations in the battery cell, making it difficult to monitor the temperature status of the battery cell in real time and comprehensively, and it is also impossible to quickly alarm when a point-like thermal anomaly occurs in the battery cell.

[0140] To address the problems existing in related technologies, this application provides a battery, battery module, battery system, and battery thermal anomaly alarm method, which can be applied to various backup power scenarios such as mobile terminals, communication sites, data centers, energy storage power stations, and electric vehicles.

[0141] In this application, the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnet in the battery is selected based on the internal temperature of the cell body when a thermal anomaly occurs (i.e., the thermal runaway critical temperature of the cell body). In other words, the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the cell body, so that temperature changes in the cell body can trigger a magnetic change in the temperature-sensing magnet. Thus, the temperature-sensing magnet can sense the internal temperature of the cell body.

[0142] Based on the Hall effect, a change in the magnetic flux of a temperature-sensing magnet triggers a change in the magnetic flux density of a Hall sensor, causing the sensor to output a Hall voltage with varying amplitude. Thus, the Hall sensor detects changes in the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet. Consequently, based on this varying Hall voltage, the Hall sensor can transmit an alarm signal to the host unit when a thermal anomaly occurs in the battery cell. The host unit can then determine whether a thermal anomaly has occurred in the battery cell based on the level transition or amplitude change of the alarm signal.

[0143] This allows for accurate detection of the internal temperature of the battery cell when thermal anomalies occur, enabling accurate and timely alarms. It solves the problem of delayed or inaccurate alarm responses to thermal anomalies in battery cells, improves the response speed for alarms of thermal anomalies in battery cells, and helps to enhance the safety protection capabilities of batteries.

[0144] Meanwhile, the layout of the temperature-sensing magnet and the Hall sensor facilitates the detection of the internal temperature of the battery cell by the temperature-sensing magnet, and facilitates the processing and transmission of signals by the Hall sensor. Furthermore, neither the temperature-sensing magnet nor the Hall sensor needs to penetrate the battery cell casing.

[0145] Therefore, without damaging the integrity of the cell casing, it avoids problems such as encapsulation leakage, helps extend the battery's lifespan, ensures the battery's reliability and safety, and is conducive to large-scale mass production and use.

[0146] Furthermore, since the magnetic transformation of the temperature-sensing magnet is irreversible above the Curie temperature, whether the temperature-sensing magnet has undergone a magnetic transformation can serve as a characteristic record of whether the battery cell has experienced thermal anomalies. And / or, since the Hall voltage output by the Hall sensor can be detected, whether the amplitude of the Hall voltage output by the Hall sensor changes can serve as a basis for identifying whether the battery cell has experienced thermal anomalies. Thus, safety risks arising from battery cell thermal anomalies are avoided.

[0147] In addition, the battery can be equipped with multiple sets of temperature-sensing magnets and Hall sensors on the same cell body, and the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnets in each set is different, so that the host unit can detect the internal temperature of the same cell body when different degrees of thermal anomaly occur, and can realize multi-level alarm for thermal anomaly of the same cell body.

[0148] In addition, the battery can also deploy multiple sets of temperature-sensing magnets and Hall sensors at different detection locations on the same cell body, and each Hall sensor in each set is electrically connected to a terminal of the host unit. Alternatively, the battery can deploy multiple Hall elements at different detection locations on the same cell body, and the multiple Hall elements are electrically connected to a terminal of the host unit through an amplifier. This allows the host unit to monitor the temperature status of the cell body in parallel at multiple detection locations on the same cell body through one or fewer terminals. This facilitates rapid alarm when a point-like thermal anomaly occurs on the same cell body, enabling multi-point alarm for thermal anomalies on the same cell body. This helps to monitor the temperature status of the cell body in real time and comprehensively, which is beneficial to improving system-level safety performance. It also reduces the number of amplifiers and saves on device connection costs.

[0149] First, some of the terms used in this application will be explained below to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0150] 1. Thermal anomaly

[0151] The thermal anomalies mentioned in this application can include two situations: the internal temperature of the battery cell may be too high, indicating that the battery cell is about to experience thermal runaway or has already experienced thermal runaway. The battery cell mentioned in this application can be a lithium-ion battery cell or a cell from other rechargeable batteries.

[0152] Below, in conjunction with Figure 1 This section details the working principle of thermal anomalies in the battery cell.

[0153] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 A Semenov thermogram is provided as an embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, Figure 1 In the graph, the horizontal axis represents temperature (T), with the unit being degrees Celsius (°C), and the vertical axis represents rate (q), which has no unit.

[0154] like Figure 1 As shown, solid line 1 represents the heat generation rate q of the battery cell. G The relationship between the cell's internal temperature T and the heat dissipation rate q of the cell can be represented by the dashed line 2. L The relationship between the internal temperature T of the battery cell and the battery cell body.

[0155] Among them, the heat generation rate q of the battery cell body G It is an exponential function of temperature, following the Arrhenius equation. Therefore, the heat generation rate q of the battery cell is... G The relationship between the internal temperature T of the battery cell and the internal temperature T of the battery cell can be expressed by Formula 1:

[0156]

[0157] Among them, the heat dissipation rate q of the battery cell body L It is a linear function of temperature, obeying Newton's law of cooling. Therefore, the heat dissipation rate q of the battery cell is... L The relationship between the internal temperature T of the battery cell and the internal temperature T of the battery cell can be expressed by Formula 2:

[0158] q L =US(T-T0) Formula 2.

[0159] Based on Formulas 1 and 2, the internal temperature T of the battery cell depends on: the heat generation rate q of the battery cell. G The heat dissipation rate q of the battery cell body L The balance. It can be seen that at the heat generation rate q of the battery cell body... G The heat dissipation rate q greater than that of the battery cell itself L At that time, the internal temperature T of the battery cell is greater than the thermal runaway critical temperature (or non-return temperature) T. NR Heat buildup in the battery cell can cause spontaneous combustion or explosion.

[0160] In summary, the internal temperature T of the battery cell is greater than the critical thermal runaway temperature Tc. NR Previously, batteries needed to trigger alarms and activate cooling mechanisms when thermal anomalies occurred within the cell itself, which helped protect the battery's safe operation. This occurred when the internal temperature T of the cell exceeded the thermal runaway critical temperature Tc. NR Afterwards, the battery needs to activate its safety response plan in a timely manner to help reduce personal injury and equipment damage caused by spontaneous combustion or explosion of the battery cells.

[0161] 2. Temperature-sensitive magnet (also known as temperature-sensitive permanent magnet)

[0162] The Curie temperature is the temperature at which the spontaneous magnetization of a magnetic material drops to zero. It is also the critical point at which a magnetic material undergoes a magnetic transformation (i.e., from ferromagnetism or ferrimagnetism to paramagnetism).

[0163] Below, in conjunction with Figure 2 This article details the relationship between the magnetic transformation of a thermosensitive magnet and its Curie temperature.

[0164] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the magnetism and temperature of a temperature-sensitive magnet, provided as an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 In the diagram, each irregular shape represents a magnetic domain in the thermosensitive magnet, and the direction of the arrow in each irregular shape represents the orientation of the magnetic moment of the magnetic domain.

[0165] like Figure 2 As shown, near the Curie temperature Tc, the magnetism of the temperature-sensitive magnet changes with increasing temperature. The material of the temperature-sensitive magnet mentioned in this application is not limited. Generally, temperature-sensitive magnets with characteristic chemical compositions, crystal structures, types and concentrations of doped elements can be selected to achieve different Curie temperatures and realize temperature alarm functions.

[0166] For example, the temperature-sensing magnet can be a neodymium magnet (NdFeB) or a samarium cobalt (SmCo) magnet. Alternatively, a ferrite permanent magnet probe (Curie temperature Tc = 65℃) can also be used.

[0167] When the ambient temperature T1 of the temperature-sensing magnet is lower than the Curie temperature Tc of the magnet, the magnetic moments of the domains in the magnet are arranged in a neat and orderly manner, and the orientation of the magnetic moments of the domains is parallel. Figure 2 The arrows in all the irregular shapes shown are parallel, which can produce spontaneous magnetization. Therefore, thermosensitive magnets have strong permanent magnetism (such as ferromagnetism or ferrimagnetism).

[0168] As the ambient temperature of the thermosensitive magnet continues to rise, when the ambient temperature T1 exceeds the Curie temperature Tc of the thermosensitive magnet, the magnetic domains within the magnet undergo drastic thermal changes, resulting in a chaotic and disordered arrangement of magnetic moments, and the orientation of the magnetic moments within the domains becomes random. Figure 2 The arrows in all the irregular shapes shown are randomly oriented and can cancel each other out. Therefore, the thermosensitive magnet becomes paramagnetic, and the magnetism of the thermosensitive magnet rapidly weakens or disappears (i.e., the magnetism changes from strong to weak) or from present to absent.

[0169] In summary, the selection specification of the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnet can be based on the internal temperature of the battery cell when a thermal anomaly occurs (i.e., the critical temperature T of thermal runaway of the battery cell). NR The selection is made so that the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnet is close to the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the battery cell. NR This can be understood as the Curie temperature being related to the critical thermal runaway temperature T of the battery cell. NR If the difference is within a preset range, the Curie temperature can be considered to be close to the critical thermal runaway temperature T of the battery cell. NR Matching. For example, the critical temperature T for thermal runaway of the battery cell body. NRIf the temperature is 100℃, the temperature-sensing magnet can be selected from magnets with a Curie temperature within a certain range, such as magnets with a Curie temperature greater than 80℃ and less than 120℃. Furthermore, the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnet is positively correlated with the internal temperature of the battery cell. Therefore, changes in the temperature of the battery cell can trigger a magnetic change in the temperature-sensing magnet, allowing this change to accurately reflect the internal temperature of the battery cell during thermal anomalies.

[0170] 3. Hall effect sensor

[0171] In this application, the magnetic transformation of the temperature-sensing magnet can induce a change in the magnetic induction intensity of the Hall sensor, which can be understood as:

[0172] After the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet decreases, the magnetic induction intensity of the temperature-sensing magnet decreases, the magnetic field applied by the temperature-sensing magnet to the Hall sensor decreases, and the magnetic induction intensity of the Hall sensor decreases, so that the Hall sensor can output a Hall voltage with a smaller amplitude.

[0173] After the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet is enhanced, the magnetic induction intensity of the temperature-sensing magnet increases, the magnetic field applied by the temperature-sensing magnet to the Hall sensor increases, the magnetic induction intensity of the Hall sensor increases, and the Hall sensor is able to output a Hall voltage with a larger amplitude.

[0174] In summary, when a thermal anomaly occurs in the battery cell, the Hall sensor can transmit an alarm signal with a level jump or amplitude change to the host unit based on the Hall voltage with amplitude change. This allows the host unit to determine that a thermal anomaly has occurred in the battery cell when it detects a level jump or amplitude change in the alarm signal.

[0175] First, combined Figures 3A-3B This section provides a detailed explanation of the working principle of Hall effect sensors.

[0176] Please see Figures 3A-3B , Figures 3A-3B This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a Hall sensor according to an embodiment of this application.

[0177] like Figures 3A-3B As shown, the Hall element in the Hall sensor ( Figures 3A-3B (The two images are represented by the letter H) represent semiconductors of a certain thickness. The Hall element is placed in a magnetic field corresponding to magnetic induction intensity B, with the direction of magnetic induction intensity B perpendicular to the upper surface of the Hall element.

[0178] Typically, a Hall element includes four terminals ( Figures 3A-3B(The diagram uses the numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 for illustration). Terminals 1 and 2 are the two input terminals of the Hall element, and terminals 3 and 4 are the two output terminals. Therefore, the two input terminals of the Hall element form an input circuit, and the two output terminals form an output circuit.

[0179] A control current I can be applied to the input circuit. The direction of the control current I is perpendicular to the side of the Hall element and perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B. The control current I can be generated and used to control the input by a power source such as a reference voltage source or a constant current source.

[0180] The working principle of the Hall effect: If a Hall element with a control current I is placed in a magnetic field with a magnetic induction intensity B, the charge carriers in the Hall element will be deflected by the Lorentz force, thereby generating a potential difference V at the two output terminals of the Hall element. H That is, the output circuit can output Hall voltage V H (Or, bias voltage). It can be seen that when a control current I is applied to the Hall sensor, the Hall voltage V... H It is the output of the Hall sensor under the action of magnetic induction intensity B.

[0181] Due to Hall voltage V H The magnitude of the Hall voltage V is proportional to the magnetic induction intensity B and the control current I. Therefore, when the control current I is constant, the Hall voltage V... H The magnitude of the Hall voltage is only affected by the magnetic flux density B. In other words, the Hall voltage V... H It is proportional to the magnitude of the magnetic flux density B applied perpendicularly to the Hall element (V H ∝B, V H =KBj, where V H Here, V is the Hall voltage, K is the Hall coefficient, j is the control current density, and B is the magnetic field strength. The Hall sensor can output positive or negative voltages depending on the direction of the magnetic field. When the applied external magnetic field decreases, the Hall sensor outputs a Hall voltage V with a synchronously decreasing amplitude. H When the externally applied magnetic field disappears, the Hall sensor can output a reference Hall voltage V with an amplitude of 0V or other fixed value. H0 .

[0182] Furthermore, the Hall voltage V H The change in can reflect the change in magnetic induction intensity B.

[0183] It should be noted that the magnetic flux density B refers to the magnetic flux density of the Hall sensor, and the magnetic field corresponding to the magnetic flux density B refers to the magnetic field applied to the Hall sensor by the temperature-sensing magnet.

[0184] In summary, the magnetic flux density B is generated by the magnetic field applied to the Hall sensor by the temperature-sensing magnet. When the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet increases, the magnetic flux density B increases; when the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet decreases, the magnetic flux density B decreases.

[0185] It is evident that the magnetic transformation of the temperature-sensing magnet can induce a change in the magnetic induction intensity of the Hall sensor.

[0186] Based on the foregoing description, temperature changes in the battery cell can trigger a magnetic transition in the temperature-sensing magnet (i.e., B∝T, where B is the magnetic field strength and T is the internal temperature of the battery cell). Therefore, when a constant control current I is input into the Hall element of the Hall device, a V0 is generated. H ∝B∝T. Therefore, the Hall voltage V H It is directly proportional to the internal temperature T of the battery cell.

[0187] It should be noted that, in addition to inputting a constant control current I into the Hall element of a Hall effect device, a constant control voltage U can also be input into the Hall element. For ease of explanation, this application uses a constant control current I as an example for illustration.

[0188] Below, in conjunction with Figure 4 It details the relationship between the amplitude change of Hall voltage and the temperature change of the battery cell.

[0189] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between Hall voltage and Curie temperature of a temperature-sensing magnet, provided as an embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, Figure 4 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents temperature (T1) in degrees Celsius (°C), and the vertical axis represents Hall voltage (V). H (voltage), the unit is volt (V).

[0190] like Figure 4 As shown, when the ambient temperature T1 of the temperature-sensing magnet is lower than the Curie temperature Tc of the temperature-sensing magnet, the temperature-sensing magnet has strong magnetism, the magnetic induction intensity of the Hall sensor is large, and the Hall voltage V H The amplitude is greater than the threshold voltage (V) g The amplitude; when the ambient temperature T1 of the temperature-sensing magnet is higher than the Curie temperature Tc of the temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet changes from strong to weak or from present to absent, the magnetic induction intensity of the Hall sensor decreases, and the Hall voltage V... H The amplitude decreases to less than the threshold voltage V. g The amplitude.

[0191] Among them, the threshold voltage V gThis refers to the voltage across the battery cell when it changes from a state of no thermal abnormality to one of thermal abnormality, used to determine the Hall voltage V. H Does the amplitude decrease?

[0192] It can be seen that the threshold voltage V g It is determined based on the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnet, the sensing sensitivity of the Hall sensor, and the response sensitivity of the host unit. Generally, the Hall voltage V... H The amplitude change is small, or the Hall voltage V H The amplitude is relatively small. Therefore, Hall sensors often integrate an amplifier, which is used to amplify the Hall voltage V according to the amplifier's amplification ratio. H Amplification is performed to facilitate the measurement of the Hall voltage V. H The amplitude is detected, improving the sensitivity and reliability of the detection. Therefore, the threshold voltage V... g It is determined based on the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnet and the amplification ratio of the amplifier. However, this application does not specify the exact value of the amplifier's amplification ratio.

[0193] Based on the foregoing, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a battery alarm strategy provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0194] like Figure 5 As shown, a temperature-sensing magnet is used to detect the internal temperature of the battery cell, where the ambient temperature T1 of the magnet is the internal temperature T of the cell. Therefore, when a constant control current (or control voltage) is input to the Hall element in the Hall sensor, the temperature change of the battery cell causes a magnetic change in the magnet. This magnetic change in the magnet causes a change in the magnetic flux density of the Hall sensor, which in turn causes a change in the amplitude of the Hall voltage. Based on this amplitude-changing Hall voltage, the Hall sensor can detect a level jump or amplitude change alarm signal when a thermal anomaly occurs in the battery cell and transmit this alarm signal to the host unit. This allows the host unit to determine that a thermal anomaly has occurred in the battery cell when it detects a level jump or amplitude change in the alarm signal.

[0195] The host unit can implement various input signal processing, management decisions, and control strategies, such as proactive cooling based on alarm signals of thermal anomalies, system overheat protection, or battery overheat alarms.

[0196] Based on the description of the above embodiments, the specific implementation methods of the battery, battery module and battery system of this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0197] Please see Figure 6A , Figure 6A This is a schematic diagram of a battery system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0198] like Figure 6A As shown, the battery system 1 may include: a power supply unit 20, a host unit 30, and a battery module 10.

[0199] The power supply unit 20 is electrically connected to the Hall sensor in the host unit 30 and the battery module 10, respectively. The host unit 30 is also electrically connected to the Hall sensor in the battery module 10.

[0200] Based on the above connection, the power supply unit 20 can supply power to various modules involved in temperature detection, such as the host unit 30 and the Hall sensor in the battery module 10, but the power supply unit 20 cannot charge the battery module 10. Furthermore, under normal circumstances, electrical isolation is provided between the power supply unit 20 and the charging / discharging circuit of the battery module 10 to reduce mutual interference between them.

[0201] This application does not limit parameters such as type, quantity, and size of the power supply unit 20. For example, the power supply unit 20 can process the mains power supply through processes such as rectification, filtering, and voltage conversion, or the power supply unit 20 can use an energy storage battery pack independent of the battery module 10 being tested, or the power supply unit 20 can use a branch circuit that is electrically isolated from the module that charges the battery module 10.

[0202] In addition, the power supply unit 20 can supply power to the Hall sensor in the battery module 10 via a bus or independent power supply. For ease of explanation, this application uses a bus method as an example to illustrate the method by which the power supply unit 20 supplies power to the Hall sensor in the battery module 10.

[0203] The host unit 30 is used to receive and process signals, and to determine whether the battery module 10 has experienced a thermal anomaly. This application does not limit parameters such as the architecture, type, quantity, and size of the host unit 30. For example, the host unit 30 may be a BMS (Battery Management System).

[0204] The battery module 10 can transmit an alarm signal to the host unit 30, so that the host unit 30 can determine whether the battery module 10 has a thermal abnormality based on the level jump or amplitude change of the alarm signal.

[0205] This application does not limit the specific implementation method of the alarm signal.

[0206] When the alarm signal is a digital signal, the host unit 30 can detect whether the alarm signal level has changed. When a level change is detected in the alarm signal, the host unit 30 can determine that the battery module 10 has experienced a thermal abnormality. Here, a level change in the alarm signal can be understood as either a change from a high level to a low level, or a change from a low level to a high level.

[0207] When the alarm signal is an analog signal, the host unit 30 can detect changes in the voltage amplitude of the alarm signal. It detects when the voltage amplitude of the alarm signal decreases to below a threshold voltage V. g When the amplitude reaches a certain value, the host unit 30 can determine that the battery module 10 has experienced a thermal anomaly. Among these, the threshold voltage V... g For details on how to implement this, please refer to the above description, which will not be repeated here.

[0208] Continue to combine Figure 6A The battery module 10 may include M batteries 100, where M is a positive integer.

[0209] Please see Figure 6B , Figure 6B This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery system provided in one embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, Figure 6B In the example, the quantity M of battery 100 is taken as equal to 1.

[0210] like Figure 6B As shown, the battery 100 may include: a cell body 101, a cell housing 102, a first temperature-sensing magnet 103, and a first Hall sensor 104.

[0211] The battery cell housing 102 is made of a non-magnetically shielded material. Therefore, the battery cell housing 102 does not provide magnetic shielding, meaning it does not shield against electromagnetic induction. Consequently, the magnetic field lines generated by the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can pass through the battery cell housing 102, allowing the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 to apply a magnetic field to the first Hall sensor 104, thereby generating the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104. For details on this implementation, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 3A-3B The description of the magnetic flux density B mentioned in the text.

[0212] This application does not limit the specific implementation of the cell casing 102. For example, the cell casing 102 may be made of materials such as aluminum, aluminum-plastic composite, glass, ceramic, plastic, or non-magnetic steel.

[0213] The battery cell housing 102 has a receiving cavity, the battery cell body 101 is placed inside the receiving cavity, and the first Hall sensor 104 is placed outside the receiving cavity. This application does not limit parameters such as the size, number, and shape of the receiving cavity.

[0214] Therefore, the battery cell housing 102 can protect the battery cell body 101 and also separate the first Hall sensor 104, which can be electrically connected to the host unit 30 and the power supply unit 20 respectively. The first Hall sensor 104 does not need to penetrate the battery cell housing 102, thus avoiding damage to the structure of the battery cell housing 102, ensuring the long-term use of the battery cell body 101, and improving the reliability and safety of the battery cell body 101.

[0215] The first terminal VCC1 of the first Hall sensor 104 is connected to the first terminal of the power supply unit 20. Figure 6B (Illustrated using terminal 1 of power supply unit 20) Electrical connection, enabling the first Hall sensor 104 to obtain the power supply required by the power supply unit 20, so as to provide a constant first control current I1 (or first control voltage). For specific implementation details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 3A-3B The description of the constant control current I (or control voltage) mentioned in the text enables the first Hall sensor 104 to generate the Hall effect.

[0216] The second terminal OUT1 of the first Hall sensor 104 is connected to the first terminal of the host unit 30. Figure 6B (Illustrated using terminal 1 of host unit 30) Electrical connection, enabling the first Hall sensor 104 to transmit a first alarm signal to the first terminal of host unit 30.

[0217] The first end of the host unit 30 can be a terminal of the host unit 30. The host unit 30 can be separate from or integrated with the first Hall sensor 104. Furthermore, the second end of the power supply unit 20 ( Figure 6B (The diagram uses terminal 2 of power supply unit 20 for illustration) to be electrically connected to the power supply terminal VCC0 of host unit 30, so that power supply unit 20 can supply power to host unit 30.

[0218] The specific implementation of the first alarm signal can be found in the description of the alarm signal mentioned above. Furthermore, the first alarm signal can be based on the first Hall voltage V. H1 and the first threshold voltage V g1 To determine, the aforementioned first Hall voltage V H1 When the power supply unit 20 supplies power to the first Hall sensor 104, the amplitude V of the aforementioned first threshold voltage is output by the first Hall sensor 104 under the action of the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104. g1 It is determined based on the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103. Additionally, the aforementioned first Hall voltage V... H1 For details on the implementation method, please refer to the Hall voltage V mentioned above. H The aforementioned first threshold voltage V g1For details on the implementation method, please refer to the threshold voltage V mentioned above. g The description.

[0219] The first Hall sensor 104 can be fixed in the battery 100 by means of welding, embedding, or gluing, which can ensure that the first Hall sensor 104 will not move when the battery 100 shakes. Alternatively, the first Hall sensor 104 can also be fixed in the battery 100 by means of the host unit 30 and / or the power supply unit 20.

[0220] The first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can be placed inside the receiving cavity, so that the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can be closer to the battery cell body 101, making it easier for the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 to more accurately detect the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 when a thermal abnormality occurs, and also allowing the battery cell housing 102 to separate the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104.

[0221] Alternatively, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can be placed outside the receiving cavity, which can fully take into account the limited internal space of the battery cell body 101.

[0222] This application does not limit the specific location of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103. In addition, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can be fixed in the battery 100 by means of welding, embedding or gluing, which can ensure that the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 will not move when the battery 100 shakes.

[0223] Based on the above description, and in combination Figure 6C This paper details the specific implementation of the battery thermal anomaly alarm method of this application.

[0224] Please see Figure 6C , Figure 6C This is a flowchart illustrating a battery thermal anomaly alarm method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0225] like Figure 6C As shown, the battery thermal anomaly alarm method of this application may include:

[0226] S101, The first temperature-sensing magnet senses the temperature inside the battery cell body; wherein, when the internal temperature of the battery cell body is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears; the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell body.

[0227] S102. The first Hall sensor detects the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet and outputs a first alarm signal based on the change in the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet, so that the host unit determines that the battery cell body has experienced a first-level thermal anomaly after detecting the first alarm signal.

[0228] The Curie temperature selection specification for the first sensing magnet 103 is based on the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the battery cell body 101. NR The selection is made such that temperature changes in the battery cell body 101 can trigger a magnetic change in the first temperature-sensing magnet 103. That is, when no thermal anomaly occurs in the battery cell body 101, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 possesses strong magnetism. When a thermal anomaly occurs in the battery cell body 101, the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can change from strong to weak or from present to absent, as described above. Figure 2 The description in the text will not be repeated here.

[0229] In addition, this application can set a first preset temperature, which is related to the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and can be used as the temperature at which the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 changes, so as to promptly identify thermal anomalies in the internal temperature of the electronic body 101.

[0230] This application does not limit the specific value of the first preset temperature. In some embodiments, the first preset temperature may be equal to the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, which is beneficial for accurately detecting the internal temperature of the cell body 101 when a thermal anomaly occurs. Alternatively, the first preset temperature may be higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, taking into full account that the cell body 101 has a certain tolerance. The first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104 may be separately or integrated in the battery 100, and the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 may provide the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 to the first Hall sensor 104, so that the first Hall sensor 104 can generate the Hall effect.

[0231] based on Figures 6A-6C The description of the embodiments, in conjunction with Figure 6D This section details the working principle of the first Hall sensor 104.

[0232] Please see Figure 6D , Figure 6D This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a first Hall sensor provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0233] like Figure 6D As shown, the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104 ( Figure 6D (The symbols H1 and H1 are used to represent the components) include four terminals ( Figure 6D (The numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 are used for illustration). Terminals 1 and 2 are the two input terminals of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104, and terminals 3 and 4 are the two output terminals of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104.

[0234] Therefore, the two input terminals of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104 form an input circuit, and the two output terminals of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104 form an output circuit. A constant first control current I1 can be input into the input circuit of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104, and a first Hall voltage V can be output from the output circuit of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104. H1 .

[0235] Based on the working principle of the Hall effect, the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104, to which a constant first control current I1 is applied, is placed in the magnetic field corresponding to the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104. A potential difference V is generated between the two output terminals of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104. H1 That is, the output circuit can output the first Hall voltage V. H1 .

[0236] When the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the first Hall sensor 104 can output a first Hall voltage V with a smaller amplitude. H1 The first Hall sensor 104 is based on the first Hall voltage V. H1 With the first threshold voltage V g1 Based on the amplitude comparison results, the level of the first alarm signal can be switched, and the first alarm signal can be output to the first terminal of the host unit 30. Thus, when the host unit 30 detects that the level of the first alarm signal has switched, it can determine that the battery cell body 101 has a thermal abnormality.

[0237] Alternatively, when the internal temperature of the cell body 101 is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the first Hall sensor 104 can output a first Hall voltage V with a smaller amplitude. H1 The first Hall sensor 104 is based on the first Hall voltage V. H1 With the first threshold voltage V g1 Based on the amplitude comparison results, the amplitude of the first alarm signal voltage can be reduced to less than the first threshold voltage V. g1 The amplitude of the voltage of the first alarm signal is reduced, and a first alarm signal is output to the first terminal of the host unit 30. Therefore, the host unit 30 detects that the amplitude of the voltage of the first alarm signal has decreased to less than the first threshold voltage V. g1 When the amplitude reaches a certain value, it can be determined that the cell body 101 has a thermal abnormality.

[0238] In summary, the first end of the host unit 30 can determine, with the help of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104, that the battery cell body 101 has experienced a thermal anomaly where the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103.

[0239] In this application, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104 may have various arrangements in the battery 100.

[0240] Below, in conjunction with Figures 7A-7D , Figures 8A-8D and Figures 9A-9B The layout of the battery cell body 101, battery cell housing 102, first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and first Hall sensor 104 is described in detail.

[0241] Please see Figures 7A-7D , Figures 7A-7D This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0242] When the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is placed inside the receiving cavity, such as Figure 7A and Figure 7B As shown, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can be fixed on the inner surface of the cell housing 102. For example... Figure 7C and Figure 7D As shown, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can be fixed in the electrolyte of the cell body 101, or the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can be fixed inside the bare cell of the cell body 101.

[0243] In addition, such as Figure 7A and Figure 7C As shown, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can be fixed on the outer surface of the cell housing 102. For example... Figure 7B and Figure 7D As shown, the first Hall sensor 104 can be fixed outside the cell housing 102, that is, the first Hall sensor 104 can be in no contact with the surface of the cell housing 102, which facilitates the separation of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104.

[0244] As can be seen, by making full use of the internal space of the cell body 101, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can be installed inside the cell body 101 or on the inner surface of the cell housing 102, and then the first Hall sensor 104 can be installed. Thus, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104 are separated without damaging the complete structure of the cell housing 102.

[0245] In one specific embodiment, the battery cell body 101 is a lithium-ion battery cell, and the battery cell housing 102 is a square aluminum shell. The first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is an NdFeB-based magnet (Curie temperature Tc of 102°C), and the first preset temperature is set to 110°C. The first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is embedded into a plastic support on the inner surface of the battery cell housing 102 by injection molding, so that one magnetic pole of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 remains perpendicular to the outer surface of the battery cell housing 102. The first Hall sensor 104 is mounted on the outer surface of the battery cell housing 102, and the first Hall sensor 104 is electrically connected to the host unit 30 (such as a BMS).

[0246] Therefore, when the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 reaches 110°C, the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 disappears, and the first Hall sensor 104 can output a first Hall voltage V with a smaller amplitude. H1 The first Hall sensor 104 is based on the first Hall voltage V. H1 With the first threshold voltage V g1 Based on the amplitude comparison results, a first alarm signal with a level jump or amplitude change can be output to the host unit 30. Thus, when the host unit 30 detects a level jump or amplitude change in the first alarm signal, it can determine that the battery cell body 101 is thermally abnormal and can promptly implement a temperature abnormality alarm.

[0247] Please see Figures 8A-8D , Figures 8A-8D This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0248] When the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is placed outside the receiving cavity, such as Figure 8A and Figure 8B As shown, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can be fixed on the outer surface of the cell housing 102. For example... Figure 8C and Figure 8D As shown, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can be fixed on the outside of the cell housing 102, that is, the first Hall sensor 104 can be in no contact with the surface of the cell housing 102.

[0249] In addition, such as Figure 8A and Figure 8C As shown, the first Hall sensor 104 can be fixed to the outer surface of the cell housing 102. For example... Figure 8B and Figure 8D As shown, the first Hall sensor 104 can be fixed to the outside of the cell housing 102, that is, the first Hall sensor 104 can be in no contact with the surface of the cell housing 102.

[0250] As can be seen, for the battery cell body 101 with limited internal space, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can be installed on the outside or outer surface of the battery cell housing 102, and then the first Hall sensor 104 can be installed. Thus, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104 are separated without damaging the complete structure of the battery cell housing 102.

[0251] It should be noted that, Figure 8C and Figure 8D In this case, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104 can also be integrated without damaging the complete structure of the battery cell housing 102.

[0252] In addition, the small distance between the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the battery cell housing 102 ensures that the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can sense the heat generated by the battery cell body 101 through the battery cell body 101, so that the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can reflect the temperature change of the battery cell body 101.

[0253] Furthermore, when the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is fixed to the outside of the cell housing 102, the battery 100 may also include a heat-conducting element 105. The heat-conducting element 105 may be made of materials such as thermally conductive adhesive or thermally conductive silicone grease; this application does not limit its application to this material.

[0254] Below, in conjunction with Figures 9A-9B This section details the specific implementation of the heat-conducting component 105.

[0255] Please see Figures 9A-9B , Figures 9A-9B This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0256] like Figures 9A-9B As shown, the heat-conducting element 105 is fixed on the outer surface of the cell housing 102, enabling it to concentrate the heat generated by the cell body 101. Furthermore, the heat-conducting element 105 is in contact with the surface of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, allowing heat conduction between them. This facilitates accurate detection of the internal temperature of the cell body 101 when a thermal anomaly occurs by the first temperature-sensing magnet 103.

[0257] In addition, such as Figure 9A As shown, the first Hall sensor 104 can be fixed to the outer surface of the cell housing 102. For example... Figure 9B As shown, the first Hall sensor 104 can be fixed to the outside of the cell housing 102, that is, the first Hall sensor 104 can be in no contact with the surface of the cell housing 102.

[0258] In summary, the placement of the heat-conducting element 105 can help the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 reflect the temperature changes of the battery cell body 101.

[0259] Based on the above description, the combination of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104 can realize the temperature alarm function of the battery 100. For details on its working principle, please refer to [link to documentation]. Figure 5 The description shown is omitted here.

[0260] When the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the battery cell body 101 is about to experience or has already experienced a thermal anomaly, causing the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 to weaken or disappear, thus weakening or eliminating the magnetic field applied by the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 to the first Hall sensor 104. Therefore, by weakening or eliminating the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 can be reduced.

[0261] As the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 decreases, the first Hall sensor 104 is able to output a first Hall voltage V with a smaller amplitude. H1 The first Hall sensor 104 is based on the first Hall voltage V. H1 With the first threshold voltage V g1 Based on the amplitude comparison results, a first alarm signal with a level jump or amplitude change can be output to the host unit 30. Thus, when the host unit 30 detects a level jump or amplitude change in the first alarm signal, it can determine that the battery cell body 101 is thermally abnormal and can promptly implement a temperature abnormality alarm.

[0262] Therefore, each battery 100 may include the following operating conditions:

[0263] Under normal operating conditions: When the cell body 101 is operating at an internal temperature lower than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can trigger the first Hall sensor 104 to output a high-voltage first Hall voltage V. H1 The first Hall sensor 104 is based on the first Hall voltage V. H1 With the first threshold voltage V g1 The amplitude comparison result can transmit a high-voltage first alarm signal to the host unit 30, enabling the host unit 30 to determine that the battery 100 is under normal operating conditions. Furthermore, under normal operating conditions, the battery 100 continuously monitors the internal temperature of the cell body 101, exhibiting high system reliability.

[0264] Alarm condition: As the battery cell body 101 abnormally heats up, causing the internal temperature to rise, when the battery cell body 101 is operating at an internal temperature equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 weakens or disappears significantly, which may trigger the first Hall sensor 104 to output a low-voltage first Hall voltage V. H1 The first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is based on the first Hall voltage V. H1 With the first threshold voltage V g1 The amplitude comparison result can transmit a low voltage first alarm signal to the host unit 30, so that the host unit 30 can determine that the battery cell body 101 is in an alarm condition, which has high effectiveness and timeliness.

[0265] Maintenance condition: After the cell body 101 is once again in a condition where the internal temperature is lower than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the permanent magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is irrecoverable and does not generate a magnetic field to the outside. That is, the magnetic recording of the temperature-sensing magnet 103 can complete the recording of the thermal anomaly event that occurred in the cell body 101, thereby triggering the first Hall sensor 104 to maintain a low output voltage first Hall voltage V. H1 The first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is based on the first Hall voltage V. H1 With the first threshold voltage V g1 Based on the amplitude comparison results, the host unit 30 can continue to output a low voltage first alarm signal, so that the host unit 30 can determine that the battery 100 is in an abnormal operating condition.

[0266] As can be seen, by detecting the magnetic field characteristics of the first Hall sensor 104 and / or the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the cell body 101 that has thermal abnormality can be quickly identified, which facilitates module-level identification, recording and repair, and has good system maintainability.

[0267] It should be noted that, for ease of explanation, the Hall voltage V in this application is... H The amplitude changes are all based on the first Hall voltage V in the above implementation method. H1 The amplitude change is illustrated using an example. In addition to the above implementation, under normal operating conditions, the first Hall voltage V... H1 It can also be a low voltage; correspondingly, under alarm conditions, the first Hall voltage V H1 It can be high voltage; under maintenance conditions, the first Hall voltage V H1 It can be high voltage.

[0268] In addition to the above-mentioned amplitude change implementation methods, under normal operating conditions, the first alarm signal can be at a high level; correspondingly, under alarm operating conditions, the level of the first alarm signal can jump from a high level to a low level; under maintenance operating conditions, the level of the first alarm signal can remain at a low level.

[0269] In addition, the host unit 30 can also store the mapping relationship between the voltage amplitude of the alarm signal, the magnetic induction intensity of the Hall sensor, and the internal temperature of the cell body 101. Therefore, upon receiving the first alarm signal, the host unit 30 can determine the internal temperature of the cell body 101 based on the voltage amplitude of the first alarm signal. This achieves the temperature detection function of the battery 100.

[0270] The battery, battery module containing M batteries, and battery system provided in this application, through the cooperation of a first temperature-sensing magnet and a first Hall sensor, can accurately detect the internal temperature of the battery cell body when a thermal anomaly occurs. This enables accurate and timely alarm for thermal anomalies in the battery cell body, solving the problem of delayed or inaccurate alarm responses and improving the response speed, thus enhancing the battery's safety protection capabilities. Simultaneously, the layout of the first temperature-sensing magnet and the first Hall sensor does not require damaging the integrity of the battery cell casing, avoiding problems such as encapsulation leakage, which helps extend the battery's lifespan, ensures battery reliability and safety, and facilitates large-scale mass production and use.

[0271] In addition, whether the first temperature-sensing magnet has undergone a magnetic change, and / or the first Hall voltage V output by the first Hall sensor. H1 Whether or not an amplitude change occurs can serve as a basis for identifying whether the battery cell has experienced thermal anomalies, thus avoiding safety risks arising from the battery cell experiencing thermal anomalies.

[0272] Based on the above description, the first Hall sensor 104 can be implemented in various ways. Accordingly, the first alarm signal can include various representation methods, such as digital signals or analog signals.

[0273] When the first alarm signal is a digital signal, combined with Figure 10A This section details the specific implementation of the first Hall sensor 104.

[0274] Please see Figure 10A , Figure 10A This is a schematic diagram of a first Hall sensor provided in an embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, Figure 10A In the illustration, the number M of batteries 100 is taken as equal to 1, and the electrical connection between the power supply unit 20 and the host unit 30 is not shown.

[0275] like Figure 10A As shown, the first Hall sensor 104 may include a Hall element 1041, an amplifier 1042, and a comparator 1043. The Hall element 1041 and amplifier 1042 may be represented as a linear Hall sensor, or the Hall element 1041, amplifier 1042, and comparator 1043 may be represented as a switch-type Hall sensor.

[0276] The first terminal of Hall element 1041 ( Figure 10A(Illustrated using terminal 1 of Hall element 1041) is the first terminal VCC1 of the first Hall sensor 104. The first terminal of Hall element 1041 is electrically connected to power supply unit 20, enabling Hall element 1041 to obtain the power supply required by Hall element 1041 from power supply unit 20, so as to provide a constant first control current I1 (or first control voltage). Furthermore, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can provide the Hall element 1041 with the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 1044. Thus, Hall element 1041 can generate the Hall effect, enabling Hall element 1041 to detect the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103.

[0277] The second terminal of Hall element 1041 is electrically connected to the first terminal of amplifier 1042, that is... Figure 10A The diagram illustrates the electrical connection between terminal 3 of Hall element 1041 and terminal 1 of amplifier 1042, and the electrical connection between terminal 4 of Hall element 1041 and terminal 1 of amplifier 1042.

[0278] in addition, Figure 10A In the diagram, the power supply terminal of amplifier 1042 is represented by terminal 3 of amplifier 1042, the ground terminal of Hall element 1041 is represented by terminal 2 of Hall element 1041, and the ground terminal of amplifier 1042 is represented by terminal 4 of amplifier 1042. It should be noted that Hall element 1041, amplifier 1042, and comparator 1043 share a common ground.

[0279] The second terminal of amplifier 1042 ( Figure 10A (Illustrated using terminal 5 of amplifier 1042) and the first terminal of comparator 1043 ( Figure 10A (The diagram uses terminal 1 of comparator 1043 for illustration) Electrical connection.

[0280] The second terminal of comparator 1043 ( Figure 10A (The diagram uses terminal 2 of comparator 1043 for illustration) to input the first threshold voltage V. g1 Among them, the first threshold voltage V g1 It is the voltage corresponding to the cell body 101 when it changes from never having a thermal abnormality to having a thermal abnormality, and the first threshold voltage V g1 It is determined based on the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the amplification ratio of the amplifier 1042. For details, please refer to the description above.

[0281] The third terminal of comparator 1043 ( Figure 10A (Illustrated using terminal 3 of comparator 1043) is the second terminal OUT1 of the first Hall sensor 104, and the third terminal of comparator 1043 is connected to the first terminal of the host unit 30. Figure 10A (Illustrative diagram using terminal 1 of main unit 30) Electrical connection.

[0282] Based on the above connection, when the internal temperature of the cell body 101 is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the Hall element 1041 can be reduced by the weakening or disappearance of the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103.

[0283] After the magnetic induction intensity B1 of Hall element 1041 decreases, Hall element 1041 can output a first Hall voltage V with a smaller amplitude to amplifier 1042. H1 .

[0284] Amplifier 1042 can adjust the first Hall voltage V according to the amplification ratio of amplifier 1042. H1 The amplification process is performed to obtain the amplified result. This application does not limit the specific value of the amplification ratio of amplifier 1042. This improves the detection accuracy of the first Hall voltage V. H1 Sensitivity and reliability.

[0285] Amplifier 1042 can output the amplified result to comparator 1043. Furthermore, based on... Figure 4 According to the embodiment, when a thermal anomaly occurs in the cell body 101, the amplitude of the amplified voltage decreases to less than the first threshold voltage V. g1 The amplitude.

[0286] Therefore, comparator 1043 is based on the first threshold voltage V g1 The amplified result can be converted to obtain the first alarm signal where the level changes. In other words, comparator 1043 can be based on the first threshold voltage V. g1 The amplitude of the amplified result is compared with the output, and a first alarm signal at a preset level can be output. The preset level can be either high or low.

[0287] Comparator 1043 can transmit a first alarm signal to the first terminal of host unit 30, so that host unit 30 can determine whether the preset level of the first alarm signal has changed, such as whether the first alarm signal has changed from a high level to a low level, or whether the first alarm signal has changed from a low level to a high level.

[0288] Therefore, when a level change in the first alarm signal is detected, the host unit 30 can determine that a thermal abnormality has occurred in the battery cell body 101. This achieves digital signal alarm.

[0289] When the first alarm signal is an analog signal, combined with Figure 10B This section details the specific implementation of the first Hall sensor 104.

[0290] Please see Figure 10B , Figure 10BThis is a schematic diagram of a first Hall sensor provided in an embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, Figure 10B In the illustration, the number M of batteries 100 is taken as equal to 1, and the electrical connection between the power supply unit 20 and the host unit 30 is not shown.

[0291] like Figure 10B As shown, the first Hall sensor 104 may include a Hall element 1041 and an amplifier 1042. The Hall element 1041 and the amplifier 1042 may be represented as a linear Hall sensor.

[0292] The first terminal of Hall element 1041 ( Figure 10B (Illustrated using terminal 1 of Hall element 1041) is the first terminal VCC1 of the first Hall sensor 104. The first terminal of Hall element 1041 is electrically connected to power supply unit 20, enabling Hall element 1041 to obtain the power supply required by Hall element 1041 from power supply unit 20, so as to provide a constant first control current I1 (or first control voltage). Furthermore, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can provide the Hall element 1041 with the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 1044. Thus, Hall element 1041 can generate the Hall effect.

[0293] The second terminal of Hall element 1041 is electrically connected to the first terminal of amplifier 1042, that is... Figure 10B The diagram illustrates the electrical connection between terminal 3 of Hall element 1041 and terminal 1 of amplifier 1042, and the electrical connection between terminal 4 of Hall element 1041 and terminal 2 of amplifier 1042.

[0294] in addition, Figure 10B In the diagram, the power supply terminal of amplifier 1042 is represented by terminal 3 of amplifier 1042, the ground terminal of Hall element 1041 is represented by terminal 2 of Hall element 1041, and the ground terminal of amplifier 1042 is represented by terminal 4 of amplifier 1042. It should be noted that Hall element 1041 and amplifier 1042 share a common ground.

[0295] The second terminal of amplifier 1042 ( Figure 10B (Illustrated using terminal 5 of amplifier 1042) is the second terminal OUT1 of the first Hall sensor 104. The second terminal of amplifier 1042 is connected to the first terminal of the host unit 30. Figure 10B (Illustrative diagram using terminal 1 of main unit 30) Electrical connection.

[0296] Based on the above connection, when the internal temperature of the cell body 101 is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the Hall element 1041 can be reduced by the weakening or disappearance of the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103.

[0297] After the magnetic induction intensity B1 of Hall element 1041 decreases, Hall element 1041 can output a first Hall voltage V with a smaller amplitude to amplifier 1042. H1 .

[0298] Amplifier 1042 can adjust the first Hall voltage V according to the amplification ratio of amplifier 1042. H1 The signal is amplified to obtain the first alarm signal. This application does not specify the exact amplification ratio of amplifier 1042. This increases the detection accuracy of the first Hall voltage V. H1 Sensitivity and reliability.

[0299] Furthermore, based on Figure 4 According to the embodiment, when a thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell body 101, the amplitude of the voltage of the first alarm signal decreases to less than the first threshold voltage V. g1 The amplitude. Among them, the first threshold voltage V g1 It is the voltage corresponding to the cell body 101 when it changes from never having a thermal abnormality to having a thermal abnormality, and the first threshold voltage V g1 It is determined based on the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the amplification ratio of the amplifier 1042. For details, please refer to the description above.

[0300] Amplifier 1042 can transmit a first alarm signal to the first terminal of host unit 30, enabling host unit 30 to compare the amplitude of the voltage of the first alarm signal with a first threshold voltage V. g1 The magnitude of the amplitude. The host unit 30 may store the first threshold voltage V. g1 The magnitude of the amplitude. Alternatively, the host unit 30 may receive a first threshold voltage V from the amplifier 1042 or other components. g1 The magnitude of the amplitude.

[0301] Therefore, when the amplitude of the voltage detecting the first alarm signal decreases to less than the first threshold voltage V... g1 When the amplitude reaches a certain value, the host unit 30 can determine that the battery 100 has a thermal abnormality. Thus, an analog signal alarm is realized.

[0302] Based on the description of the above embodiments, the battery 100 can also realize multi-level alarm for thermal abnormalities in the cell body 101.

[0303] Please see Figure 11A , Figure 11AThis is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery system provided in one embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, Figure 11A In the example, the quantity M of battery 100 is taken as equal to 1.

[0304] like Figure 11A As shown, in addition to the cell body 101, cell housing 102, first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and first Hall sensor 104, the battery 100 may also include: a second temperature-sensing magnet 106 and a second Hall sensor 107.

[0305] The magnetic field lines generated by the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 can pass through the battery cell housing 102, allowing the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 to apply a magnetic field to the second Hall sensor 107, thereby generating the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 3A-3B The description of the magnetic flux density B mentioned in the text.

[0306] The second Hall sensor 107 is placed outside the receiving cavity. Thus, the second Hall sensor 107 can be separated from the battery cell housing 102, making it easy for the second Hall sensor 107 to be electrically connected to the main unit 30 and the power supply unit 20 respectively. The second Hall sensor 107 does not need to penetrate the battery cell housing 102, and will not damage the structure of the battery cell housing 102. This ensures the long-term use of the battery cell body 101 and helps to improve the reliability and safety of the battery cell body 101.

[0307] The first terminal VCC2 of the second Hall sensor 107 is electrically connected to the power supply unit 20, enabling the second Hall sensor 107 to obtain the power supply required by the power supply unit 20 in order to provide a constant second control current I2 (or second control voltage). For a detailed implementation, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 3A-3B The description of the constant control current I (or control voltage) mentioned in the text enables the second Hall sensor 107 to generate the Hall effect.

[0308] Furthermore, the magnitude of the second control current I2 depends on the equivalent resistance of the Hall element in the second Hall sensor 107. It is evident that when Hall elements with the same equivalent resistance are selected in both the first Hall sensor 104 and the second Hall sensor 107, the magnitudes of the second control current I2 and the first control current I1 are equal. When Hall elements with different equivalent resistances are selected in both the first Hall sensor 104 and the second Hall sensor 107, the magnitudes of the second control current I2 and the first control current I1 are unequal. Moreover, this application does not limit whether Hall elements with the same equivalent resistance are selected in both the first Hall sensor 104 and the second Hall sensor 107, nor does it limit whether the magnitudes of the second control current I2 and the first control current I1 are equal.

[0309] The second terminal OUT2 of the second Hall sensor 107 is connected to the second terminal of the host unit 30. Figure 11A (Illustrated using terminal 2 of the main unit 30) Electrically connected, so that the second Hall sensor 107 can transmit signals to the second terminal of the main unit 30 (…). Figure 11A (The second alarm signal is transmitted using terminal 2 of the main unit 30 as an illustration.)

[0310] Wherein, the second end of the host unit 30 is connected to the first end of the host unit 30 ( Figure 11A Unlike the schematic diagram using terminal 1 of the main unit 30, the second terminal of the main unit 30 can be a single terminal of the main unit 30. The main unit 30 can be separate from or integrated with the second Hall sensor 107.

[0311] Furthermore, the second end of the power supply unit 20 ( Figure 11A (The diagram uses terminal 2 of power supply unit 20 for illustration) to be electrically connected to the power supply terminal VCC0 of host unit 30, so that power supply unit 20 can supply power to host unit 30.

[0312] The specific implementation method of the second alarm signal can be found in the description of the alarm signals mentioned above. Furthermore, the second alarm signal can be based on the second Hall voltage V. H2 Second threshold voltage V g2 To determine, the aforementioned second Hall voltage V H2 When the power supply unit 20 supplies power to the second Hall sensor 107, the second Hall sensor 107 outputs the aforementioned second threshold voltage V under the action of the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107. g2 The amplitude is determined based on the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106. Additionally, the aforementioned second Hall voltage V... H2 For details on the implementation method, please refer to the Hall voltage V mentioned above. H The aforementioned second threshold voltage V g2 For details on the implementation method, please refer to the threshold voltage V mentioned above. g The description.

[0313] The second alarm signal has a different meaning from the first alarm signal. The second alarm signal is used by the host unit 30 to determine that the cell body 101 has a second-level thermal anomaly. The second level mentioned in this application refers to the internal temperature of the cell body 101 being equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106. The first alarm signal is used by the host unit 30 to determine that the cell body 101 has a first-level thermal anomaly. The first level mentioned in this application refers to the internal temperature of the cell body 101 being equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103.

[0314] The second Hall sensor 107 can be fixed in the battery 100 by means of welding, embedding, or gluing, which ensures that the second Hall sensor 107 will not move when the battery 100 is shaken. Alternatively, the second Hall sensor 107 can also be fixed in the battery 100 by means of the host unit 30 and / or the power supply unit 20.

[0315] For details on the implementation of the second Hall sensor 107, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 10A-10B The description of the first Hall sensor 104 is omitted here.

[0316] The second temperature-sensing magnet 106 can be placed inside the receiving cavity, so that the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 can be closer to the battery cell body 101, making it easier for the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 to more accurately detect the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 when a thermal abnormality occurs, and also allowing the battery cell housing 102 to separate the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 and the second Hall sensor 107.

[0317] Alternatively, the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 can be placed outside the receiving cavity, which can fully take into account the limited internal space of the battery cell body 101.

[0318] This application does not limit the specific location of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106; please refer to the description of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 mentioned above. Furthermore, the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 can be fixed in the battery 100 by methods such as welding, embedding, or adhesive bonding, ensuring that the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 will not move when the battery 100 is shaken.

[0319] Based on the above description, and in combination Figure 11B This paper details the specific implementation of the battery thermal anomaly alarm method of this application.

[0320] Please see Figure 11B , Figure 11B This is a flowchart illustrating a battery thermal anomaly alarm method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0321] like Figure 11B As shown, the battery thermal anomaly alarm method of this application may include:

[0322] S201, The second temperature-sensing magnet senses the temperature inside the battery cell body; wherein, when the internal temperature of the battery cell body is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears; the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell body, and the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet is different from the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet.

[0323] S202, The second Hall sensor detects the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet and outputs a second alarm signal based on the change in the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet, so that the host unit determines that the battery cell body has experienced a second-level thermal anomaly after detecting the second alarm signal. The first level is different from the second level.

[0324] The Curie temperature selection specification for the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 is based on the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the cell body 101. NR The selection is made such that temperature changes in the battery cell body 101 can trigger a magnetic change in the second temperature-sensing magnet 106. That is, when no thermal anomaly occurs in the battery cell body 101, the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 possesses strong magnetism. When a thermal anomaly occurs in the battery cell body 101, the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 can change from strong to weak or from present to absent; for specific implementation details, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 The description in the text will not be repeated here.

[0325] In addition, this application can set a second preset temperature. The first preset temperature is different from the second preset temperature. The second preset temperature is related to the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 and can be used as the temperature at which the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 changes, so as to promptly identify thermal anomalies in the internal temperature of the electronic body 101.

[0326] This application does not limit the specific value of the second preset temperature. In some embodiments, the second preset temperature may be equal to the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106, which is beneficial for accurately detecting the internal temperature of the cell body 101 when a thermal anomaly occurs. Alternatively, the second preset temperature may be higher than the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106, taking into full account that the cell body 101 has a certain tolerance.

[0327] Furthermore, the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 is different from that of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, which allows the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 to detect the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 when different degrees of thermal anomaly occur. This helps to reflect the degree of thermal anomaly in the battery cell body 101 and realize multi-level alarm for different degrees of thermal anomaly in the battery cell body 101.

[0328] This application does not limit the specific implementation of the Curie temperature of the second thermosensitive magnet 106 and the Curie temperature of the first thermosensitive magnet 103.

[0329] The second temperature-sensing magnet 106 and the second Hall sensor 107 can be disposed separately or integrated in the battery 100, and the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 can provide the second Hall sensor 107 with the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107, so that the second Hall sensor 107 can generate the Hall effect.

[0330] The layout of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 and the second Hall sensor 107 in the battery 100 can be seen in [reference needed]. Figures 7A-7D , Figures 8A-8D and Figures 9A-9B The layout of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104 in the battery 100 will not be described in detail here.

[0331] Furthermore, the magnetic flux density B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 is independent of the magnetic change of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, and the magnetic flux density B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 is independent of the magnetic change of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106. In other words, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104 form a magnetic shield with the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 and the second Hall sensor 107. The magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 cannot cause a change in the magnetic flux density B1 of the first Hall sensor 104, and the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 cannot cause a change in the magnetic flux density B2 of the second Hall sensor 107.

[0332] The combination of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 and the second Hall sensor 107 enables the temperature alarm function of the battery 100. For details on its working principle, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 5 The description shown is omitted here.

[0333] based on Figures 3A-3B Examples and Figures 11A-11B The description, combined with Figure 11C This section details the working principles of the first Hall sensor 104 and the second Hall sensor 107.

[0334] Please see Figure 11C , Figure 11C This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a first Hall sensor and a second Hall sensor provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0335] like Figure 11C As shown, the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104 ( Figure 11C (The symbols H1 and H1 are used to represent the components) include four terminals ( Figure 11C (The numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 are used for illustration). Terminals 1 and 2 are the two input terminals of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104, and terminals 3 and 4 are the two output terminals of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104. Therefore, the two input terminals of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104 form an input circuit, and the two output terminals of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104 form an output circuit.

[0336] The Hall element in the second Hall sensor 107 ( Figure 11C (The symbols H2 and H2 are used to represent the components) include four terminals ( Figure 11C (The numbers 1, 2, 5, and 6 are used for illustration). Terminals 1 and 2 are the two input terminals of the Hall element in the second Hall sensor 107, and terminals 5 and 6 are the two output terminals of the Hall element in the second Hall sensor 107. Therefore, the two input terminals of the Hall element in the second Hall sensor 107 form an input circuit, and the two output terminals of the Hall element in the second Hall sensor 107 form an output circuit.

[0337] The input terminals of the Hall elements in the first Hall sensor 104 and the second Hall sensor 107 are connected in parallel. The output terminals of the Hall elements in the first Hall sensor 104 and the second Hall sensor 107 are independently connected to different terminals of the host unit 30, and the output terminals of the Hall elements in the first Hall sensor 104 and the second Hall sensor 107 are managed uniformly by the host unit 30. Therefore, a constant first control current I1 can be input into the input circuit of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104, a constant second control current I2 can be input into the input circuit of the Hall element in the second Hall sensor 107, and a first Hall voltage V can be output from the output circuit of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104. H1 The output circuit of the Hall element in the second Hall sensor 107 can output a second Hall voltage V. H2 .

[0338] Based on the working principle of the Hall effect, the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104, to which a constant first control current I1 is applied, is placed in the magnetic field corresponding to the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104. A potential difference V is generated between the two output terminals of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104. H1 That is, the output circuit can output the first Hall voltage V. H1 .

[0339] A constant second control current I2 is applied to the Hall element in the second Hall sensor 107, which is placed in the magnetic field corresponding to the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107. A potential difference V is generated at the two output terminals of the Hall element in the second Hall sensor 107. H2 That is, the output circuit can output a second Hall voltage V. H2 .

[0340] When the internal temperature of the cell body 101 is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, based on Figures 6B-6D According to the embodiment, the first end of the host unit 30 can determine, by means of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104, that a thermal anomaly has occurred in the battery cell body 101, the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 being equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103.

[0341] Therefore, when the second end of the host unit 30 detects a level jump or amplitude change in the first alarm signal by means of the first temperature sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104, it can determine that the battery cell body 101 has experienced a thermal anomaly with an internal temperature equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature sensing magnet 103.

[0342] When the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106, the battery cell body 101 is about to experience or has already experienced a thermal anomaly, causing the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 to weaken or disappear, thus weakening or eliminating the magnetic field applied by the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 to the second Hall sensor 107. Therefore, by weakening or eliminating the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106, the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 can be reduced.

[0343] As the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 decreases, the second Hall sensor 107 is able to output a second Hall voltage V with a smaller amplitude. H2 .

[0344] The second Hall sensor 107 is based on the second Hall voltage V. H2 With the second threshold voltage V g2 Based on the amplitude comparison results, the level of the second alarm signal can be switched, and the second alarm signal can be output to the second terminal of the host unit 30. Thus, when the host unit 30 detects that the level of the second alarm signal has switched, it can determine that the cell body 101 has a thermal abnormality.

[0345] Alternatively, the second Hall sensor 107 is based on the second Hall voltage V. H2 With the second threshold voltage V g2 Based on the amplitude comparison results, the amplitude of the second alarm signal voltage can be reduced to less than the second threshold voltage V. g2 The amplitude of the second alarm signal is measured, and a second alarm signal is output to the second terminal of the host unit 30. Therefore, the host unit 30 detects that the amplitude of the second alarm signal voltage has decreased to less than the second threshold voltage V. g2 When the amplitude reaches a certain value, it can be determined that a thermal anomaly has occurred in the battery cell body 101. The main unit 30 can store a second threshold voltage V. g2 Alternatively, the host unit 30 may receive a second threshold voltage V from the second Hall sensor 107 or other components. g2 .

[0346] Therefore, when the second terminal of the host unit 30 detects a level jump or amplitude change in the second alarm signal by means of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 and the second Hall sensor 107, it can determine that the battery cell body 101 has experienced a thermal anomaly where the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106.

[0347] In summary, when the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is different from that of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106, the host unit 30 can obtain the degree and temperature of thermal anomalies in the same cell body 101 through different terminals. This enables the host unit 30 to accurately and timely perform different levels of safety protection on the battery 100, and realize different levels of temperature anomaly alarms for the same cell body 101.

[0348] For example, suppose the second preset temperature is greater than the first preset temperature, the second preset temperature is equal to the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106, the first preset temperature is equal to the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is the internal temperature of the cell body 101 when it changes from never having a thermal anomaly to having a thermal anomaly, and the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 is greater than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103.

[0349] As the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 continues to rise, when the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 equals the first preset temperature, the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is reached, triggering a weakening of the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103. This, in turn, causes a decrease in the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104, resulting in the first Hall sensor 104 outputting a low-voltage first Hall voltage V. H1 The first Hall sensor 104 is based on the first Hall voltage V. H1 With the first threshold voltage V g1 Based on the amplitude comparison result, a first alarm signal can be output to the first terminal of the host unit 30, enabling the host unit 30 to determine that the internal temperature of the cell body 101 is equal to the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, facilitating the execution of first-level safety protection, such as issuing a warning to relevant personnel. Thus, the first-level alarm of the battery 100 is realized.

[0350] As the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 continues to rise, when the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 equals the second preset temperature, the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 is reached, triggering the disappearance of the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106. This, in turn, causes the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 to decrease, resulting in the second Hall sensor 107 outputting a low-voltage second Hall voltage V. H2 The second Hall sensor 107 is based on a low-level second Hall voltage V. H2 With the second threshold voltage V g2The amplitude comparison result can output a second alarm signal to the second terminal of the host unit 30, enabling the host unit 30 to determine that the internal temperature of the cell body 101 is equal to the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106, facilitating the execution of secondary safety protection, such as stopping the operation of the battery 100. Thus, a secondary alarm for the battery 100 is achieved.

[0351] It should be noted that, for the same cell body 101, the battery 100 may be equipped with, but is not limited to, two sets of temperature-sensing magnets and Hall sensors (such as the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104, and the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 and the second Hall sensor 107), as long as the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnets in each set is different.

[0352] Based on the above description, when the battery 100 is provided with multiple sets of temperature-sensing magnets and Hall sensors on the same cell body 101, this application can adopt methods such as increasing the distance and / or forming magnetic shielding between each set to ensure that the temperature-sensing magnet in any set does not cause magnetic interference to the Hall sensors in other sets.

[0353] Below, in conjunction with Figures 12A-12B This section details the specific implementation of battery 100. For ease of explanation, Figures 12A-12B In the illustration, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 are placed inside the battery cell housing 102, and the first Hall sensor 104 and the second Hall sensor 107 are placed outside the battery cell housing 102. The first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 both include two magnetic poles, a south pole (S) and a north pole (N). The dashed lines represent the magnetic field lines generated by the corresponding temperature-sensing magnets.

[0354] Please see Figures 12A-12B , Figures 12A-12B This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0355] In some embodiments, such as Figures 12A-12B As shown, the distance between the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 is greater than a first preset distance, and the distance between the first Hall sensor 104 and the second Hall sensor 107 is greater than a second preset distance. This application does not limit the specific values ​​of the first and second preset distances.

[0356] In summary, when the distance between the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 is greater than a first preset distance, and the distance between the first Hall sensor 104 and the second Hall sensor 107 is greater than a second preset distance, the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 is independent of the magnetic transformation of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, and the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 is independent of the magnetic transformation of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106. This ensures that magnetic shielding is formed between the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104, and between the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 and the second Hall sensor 107.

[0357] In this application, the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 and the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 are not limited.

[0358] For example, Figure 12A In this configuration, the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 can be parallel to the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107. That is, the direction of the magnetic field applied by the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 to the first Hall sensor 104 is parallel to the direction of the magnetic field applied by the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 to the second Hall sensor 107.

[0359] Figure 12B In this configuration, the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 can be perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107. That is, the direction of the magnetic field applied by the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 to the first Hall sensor 104 is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field applied by the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 to the second Hall sensor 107.

[0360] It should be noted that, in addition to Figures 12A-12B In addition to the layout shown, other layouts may also be used in this application, as long as the distance between the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the second temperature-sensing magnet 106, and the distance between the first Hall sensor 104 and the second Hall sensor 107 are sufficiently large.

[0361] In other embodiments, considering the limited space of the battery 100, the battery 100 may also be provided with magnetic shielding to adjust the direction of the magnetic field applied by the temperature-sensing magnets in each group to the corresponding Hall sensors, so that the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104 form a magnetic shield with the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 and the second Hall sensor 107.

[0362] This application does not impose any limitations on parameters such as the quantity, layout, and size of the magnetic shielding components.

[0363] Below, in conjunction with Figures 13A-13F , Figures 14A-14B and Figures 15A-15BThis section details the specific implementation of battery 100. For ease of explanation, Figures 13A-13F , Figures 14A-14B and Figures 15A-15B In the illustration, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 are placed inside the battery cell housing 102, and the first Hall sensor 104 and the second Hall sensor 107 are placed outside the battery cell housing 102. The first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 both include two magnetic poles, a south pole (S) and a north pole (N). The dashed lines represent the magnetic field lines generated by the corresponding temperature-sensing magnets.

[0364] Please see Figures 13A-13F , Figures 13A-13F This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0365] In this application, the battery 100 may further include: a first magnetic shield 108 and a second magnetic shield 109, both having openings, for ensuring that the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104 form a magnetic shield with the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 and the second Hall sensor 107.

[0366] When the magnetic shielding is arranged for the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the second temperature-sensing magnet 106, such as Figures 13A-13B As shown, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is placed inside the first magnetic shield 108, and the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 is placed inside the second magnetic shield 109. The opening direction of the first magnetic shield 108 is the same as the opening direction of the second magnetic shield 109.

[0367] In this application, the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 and the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 are not limited.

[0368] For example, Figure 13A In this configuration, the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 can be parallel to the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107. That is, the direction of the magnetic field applied by the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 to the first Hall sensor 104 is parallel to the direction of the magnetic field applied by the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 to the second Hall sensor 107.

[0369] Figure 13B In this configuration, the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 can be perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107. That is, the direction of the magnetic field applied by the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 to the first Hall sensor 104 is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field applied by the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 to the second Hall sensor 107.

[0370] In summary, based on the arrangement of the first magnetic shield 108 and the second magnetic shield 109, it is ensured that both the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 become oriented magnets generating magnetic fields in the same direction. Therefore, the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 is independent of the magnetic transformation of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, and the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 is independent of the magnetic transformation of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106.

[0371] When the magnetic shielding is arranged for the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104, such as Figures 13C-13D As shown, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is placed inside the first magnetic shield 108, and the first Hall sensor 104 is placed inside the second magnetic shield 109. The openings of the first magnetic shield 108 and the second magnetic shield 109 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0372] In this application, the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 and the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 are not limited.

[0373] For example, when the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 remains unchanged, Figure 13C The direction of the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 is related to... Figure 13D The direction of the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 can be different.

[0374] In summary, based on the configuration of the first magnetic shield 108 and the second magnetic shield 109, it is ensured that the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 applies a directional magnetic field to the first Hall sensor 104, and the first Hall sensor 104 is not subject to magnetic interference from the second temperature-sensing magnet 106. Furthermore, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 does not apply a magnetic field to the second Hall sensor 107. Therefore, the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 is independent of the magnetic transformation of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, and the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 is independent of the magnetic transformation of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106.

[0375] When the magnetic shielding is arranged for the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 and the second Hall sensor 107, such as Figures 13E-13F As shown, the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 is placed inside the first magnetic shield 108, and the second Hall sensor 107 is placed inside the second magnetic shield 109. The openings of the first magnetic shield 108 and the second magnetic shield 109 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0376] In this application, the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 and the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 are not limited.

[0377] For example, when the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 remains unchanged, Figure 13E The direction of the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 is related to... Figure 13F The direction of the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 can be different.

[0378] In summary, based on the configuration of the first magnetic shield 108 and the second magnetic shield 109, it is ensured that the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 applies a directional magnetic field to the second Hall sensor 107, and the second Hall sensor 107 is not subject to magnetic interference from the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, and the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 does not apply a magnetic field to the first Hall sensor 104. Therefore, the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 is independent of the magnetic transformation of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, and the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 is independent of the magnetic transformation of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106.

[0379] Please see Figures 14A-14B , Figures 14A-14B This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0380] In this application, the battery 100 may further include: a third magnetic shield 110, a fourth magnetic shield 111 and a fifth magnetic shield 112, each having an opening, for ensuring that the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104 form a magnetic shield with the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 and the second Hall sensor 107.

[0381] like Figure 14A As shown, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is placed inside the third magnetic shield 110, the first Hall sensor 104 is placed inside the fourth magnetic shield 111, and the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 is placed inside the fifth magnetic shield 112. The opening direction of the third magnetic shield 110 is opposite to the opening of the fourth magnetic shield 111, and the opening direction of the third magnetic shield 110 is the same as the opening direction of the fifth magnetic shield 112.

[0382] like Figure 14B As shown, the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 is placed inside the third magnetic shield 110, the second Hall sensor 107 is placed inside the fourth magnetic shield 111, and the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is placed inside the fifth magnetic shield 112. The opening direction of the third magnetic shield 110 is opposite to the opening of the fourth magnetic shield 111, and the opening direction of the third magnetic shield 110 is the same as the opening direction of the fifth magnetic shield 112.

[0383] In summary, based on the arrangement of the third magnetic shield 110, the fourth magnetic shield 111 and the fifth magnetic shield 112, the magnetic interference of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 to the second Hall sensor 107 and the magnetic interference of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 to the first Hall sensor 104 are further magnetically shielded.

[0384] Please see Figures 15A-15B , Figures 15A-15B This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0385] In this application, the battery 100 may further include: a sixth magnetic shield 113, a seventh magnetic shield 114, an eighth magnetic shield 115 and a ninth magnetic shield 116, all having openings, to ensure that the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104 form magnetic shielding with the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 and the second Hall sensor 107.

[0386] When the magnetic shielding is arranged for the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the first Hall sensor 104, the second temperature-sensing magnet 106, and the second Hall sensor 107, such as Figures 15A-15B As shown, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is placed inside the sixth magnetic shield 113, the first Hall sensor 104 is placed inside the seventh magnetic shield 114, the opening of the sixth magnetic shield 113 is opposite to the opening of the seventh magnetic shield 114, the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 is placed inside the eighth magnetic shield 115, and the second Hall sensor 107 is placed inside the ninth magnetic shield 116, the opening of the eighth magnetic shield 115 is opposite to the opening of the ninth magnetic shield 116.

[0387] In this application, the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 and the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 are not limited.

[0388] For example, when the direction of the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 remains unchanged, Figure 15A The direction of the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 is related to... Figure 15B The direction of the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 can be different.

[0389] In summary, based on the arrangement of the sixth magnetic shielding component 113, the seventh magnetic shielding component 114, the eighth magnetic shielding component 115, and the ninth magnetic shielding component 116, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104 are treated as a single unit, and the second temperature-sensing magnet 106 and the second Hall sensor 107 are treated as a single unit, thus achieving magnetic shielding between the two units. Therefore, the magnetic induction intensity B2 of the second Hall sensor 107 is independent of the magnetic transformation of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, and the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 is independent of the magnetic transformation of the second temperature-sensing magnet 106.

[0390] Based on the description of the above embodiments, the battery 100 can also realize multi-point alarm for thermal abnormalities of the cell body 101 at different detection locations.

[0391] Please see Figure 16A , Figure 16A This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery system provided in one embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, Figure 16A In the example, the quantity M of battery 100 is taken as equal to 1.

[0392] In this application, the magnetic field generated by the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 at different positions is different, and the number of terminals of the host unit 30 is limited. If the number of Hall sensors is small or the position is too remote, it will easily affect the response speed of alarming the thermal abnormality of the battery cell body 101.

[0393] Based on the above description, such as Figure 16A As shown, in addition to the cell body 101, cell housing 102, first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and first Hall sensor 104, the battery 100 may also include: a third temperature-sensing magnet 117, a third Hall sensor 118 and an AND gate circuit 119.

[0394] The magnetic field lines generated by the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 can pass through the battery cell housing 102, allowing the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 to apply a magnetic field to the third Hall sensor 118, thereby generating the magnetic induction intensity B3 of the third Hall sensor 118. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 3A-3B The description of the magnetic flux density B mentioned in the text.

[0395] The third Hall sensor 118 is placed outside the receiving cavity. Thus, the third Hall sensor 118 can be separated from the battery cell housing 102, making it easy for the third Hall sensor 118 to be electrically connected to the main unit 30 and the power supply unit 20 respectively. The third Hall sensor 118 does not need to penetrate the battery cell housing 102, and will not damage the structure of the battery cell housing 102. This ensures the long-term use of the battery cell body 101 and helps to improve the reliability and safety of the battery cell body 101.

[0396] The first terminal VCC3 of the third Hall sensor 118 is electrically connected to the power supply unit 20, enabling the third Hall sensor 118 to obtain the required power supply from the power supply unit 20 to provide a constant third control current I3 (or third control voltage). For details of its implementation, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 3A-3B The description of the constant control current I (or control voltage) mentioned in the text enables the third Hall sensor 118 to generate the Hall effect.

[0397] Furthermore, the amplitude of the third control current I3 depends on the equivalent resistance of the Hall element in the third Hall sensor 118. It can be seen that when Hall elements with the same equivalent resistance are selected in the first Hall sensor 104 and the third Hall sensor 118, the amplitude of the third control current I3 is equal to that of the first control current I1. When Hall elements with different equivalent resistances are selected in the first Hall sensor 104 and the third Hall sensor 118, the amplitudes of the third control current I3 and the first control current I1 are unequal. Moreover, this application does not limit whether Hall elements with different equivalent resistances are selected in the first Hall sensor 104 and the third Hall sensor 118, nor does it limit whether the amplitudes of the third control current I3 and the first control current I1 are equal.

[0398] Furthermore, the second end of the power supply unit 20 ( Figure 16A (The diagram uses terminal 2 of power supply unit 20 for illustration) to be electrically connected to the power supply terminal VCC0 of host unit 30, so that power supply unit 20 can supply power to host unit 30.

[0399] The second terminal OUT1 of the first Hall sensor 104 is ANDed with the first terminal of the gate circuit 119. Figure 16A (Illustrated using terminal 1 of AND gate 119) is electrically connected, and the second terminal OUT3 of the third Hall sensor 118 is connected to the second terminal of AND gate 119. Figure 16A (Illustrated using terminal 2 of gate circuit 119) Electrically connected to terminal 3 of gate circuit 119 (…). Figure 16A (Illustrated using terminal 3 of AND gate 119) and the first terminal of host unit 30 ( Figure 16A (Illustrative diagram using terminal 1 of main unit 30) Electrical connection.

[0400] As can be seen, the third Hall sensor 118 and the first Hall sensor 104 can be electrically connected to the same terminal of the host unit 30 through the AND gate circuit 119, so that the first Hall sensor 104 can transmit a first alarm signal to the first terminal of the host unit 30, and at the same time, the third Hall sensor 118 can transmit a third alarm signal to the first terminal of the host unit 30.

[0401] The specific implementation methods of the first and third alarm signals can be found in the description of the level-transition alarm signals mentioned earlier. Furthermore, the third alarm signal can be based on the third Hall voltage V. H2 and the third threshold voltage V g3 To determine, the aforementioned third Hall voltage V H3 When the power supply unit 20 supplies power to the third Hall sensor 118, the third Hall sensor 118 outputs the aforementioned third threshold voltage V under the action of the magnetic induction intensity B3 of the third Hall sensor 118. g3The amplitude is determined based on the Curie temperature of the third temperature-sensing magnet 117. Additionally, the aforementioned third Hall voltage V... H3 For details on the implementation method, please refer to the Hall voltage V mentioned above. H The aforementioned third threshold voltage V g3 For details on the implementation method, please refer to the threshold voltage V mentioned above. g The description.

[0402] The third alarm signal has a different meaning from the first alarm signal. The third alarm signal is used by the host unit 30 to determine that the cell body 101 has a first-level thermal anomaly at the second detection position. The first alarm signal is used by the host unit 30 to determine that the cell body 101 has a first-level thermal anomaly at the first detection position.

[0403] The third Hall sensor 118 can be fixed in the battery 100 by means of welding, embedding, or gluing, ensuring that the third Hall sensor 118 will not move when the battery 100 shakes. Alternatively, the third Hall sensor 118 can also be fixed in the battery 100 by means of the host unit 30 and / or the power supply unit 20.

[0404] For details on the implementation of the third Hall sensor 118, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 10A The description of the first Hall sensor 104 is omitted here.

[0405] The third temperature-sensing magnet 117 can be placed inside the receiving cavity, so that the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 can be closer to the battery cell body 101, making it easier for the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 to more accurately detect the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 when a thermal abnormality occurs, and also allowing the battery cell housing 102 to separate the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 and the third Hall sensor 118.

[0406] Alternatively, the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 can be placed outside the receiving cavity, which can fully take into account the limited internal space of the battery cell body 101.

[0407] This application does not limit the specific location of the third temperature-sensing magnet 117; please refer to the description of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 mentioned above. Furthermore, the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 can be fixed in the battery 100 by means such as welding, embedding, or adhesive bonding, ensuring that the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 will not move when the battery 100 is shaken.

[0408] Based on the above description, and in combination Figure 16B This paper details the specific implementation of the battery thermal anomaly alarm method of this application.

[0409] Please see Figure 16B , Figure 16BThis is a flowchart illustrating a battery thermal anomaly alarm method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0410] like Figure 16B As shown, the battery thermal anomaly alarm method of this application may include:

[0411] S301, The first temperature-sensing magnet senses the temperature inside the battery cell at the first detection position.

[0412] S302, The first Hall sensor detects the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet and transmits the first alarm signal to the AND gate circuit according to the change in the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet.

[0413] S303, The third temperature-sensing magnet senses the temperature inside the battery cell at the second detection position; wherein, when the internal temperature of the battery cell is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the third temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears; the Curie temperature of the third temperature-sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell, the Curie temperature of the third temperature-sensing magnet is the same as the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet, and the second detection position is different from the first detection position.

[0414] S304 The third Hall sensor detects the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet and transmits the third alarm signal to the AND gate circuit based on the change in the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet.

[0415] S305. After receiving the first alarm signal, the AND gate circuit transmits the first alarm signal to the host unit so that when the host unit detects a jump in the level of the first alarm signal, it determines that a first-level thermal anomaly has occurred in the cell body at the first detection position; and / or, after receiving the third alarm signal, it transmits the third alarm signal to the host unit so that when the host unit detects a jump in the level of the third alarm signal, it determines that a first-level thermal anomaly has occurred in the cell body at the second detection position.

[0416] The Curie temperature selection specification for the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 is based on the thermal runaway critical temperature T of the cell body 101. NR The selection is made such that temperature changes in the battery cell body 101 can trigger a magnetic change in the third temperature-sensing magnet 117. That is, when no thermal anomaly occurs in the battery cell body 101, the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 possesses strong magnetism. When a thermal anomaly occurs in the battery cell body 101, the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 can change from strong to weak or from present to absent; for specific implementation details, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 The description in the text will not be repeated here.

[0417] In addition, the aforementioned first preset temperature is related to the Curie temperature of the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 and can be used as the temperature at which the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 changes, so as to promptly identify thermal anomalies in the internal temperature of the electronic body 101.

[0418] Furthermore, the Curie temperature of the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 is the same as that of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103. The first temperature-sensing magnet 103 can sense the temperature inside the battery cell body 101 at the first detection position, and the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 can sense the temperature inside the battery cell body 101 at the second detection position, and the first detection position and the second detection position are different. This application does not limit the first detection position and the second detection position.

[0419] Therefore, when a thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell body 101, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 can characterize the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 at different detection positions. This helps to eliminate the influence of different detection positions on the alarm speed when a thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell body 101, and can also achieve rapid alarm when a point-like thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell body 101.

[0420] The third temperature-sensing magnet 117 and the third Hall sensor 118 can be disposed separately or integrated in the battery 100, and the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 can provide the magnetic induction intensity B3 of the third Hall sensor 118 to the third Hall sensor 118, so that the third Hall sensor 118 can generate the Hall effect.

[0421] The layout of the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 and the third Hall sensor 118 in the battery 100 can be seen in [reference needed]. Figures 7A-7D , Figures 8A-8D and Figures 9A-9B The layout of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104 in the battery 100 will not be described in detail here.

[0422] Furthermore, the magnetic flux density B3 of the third Hall sensor 118 is independent of the magnetic change of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, and the magnetic flux density B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 is independent of the magnetic change of the third temperature-sensing magnet 117. In other words, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the first Hall sensor 104 form a magnetic shield with the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 and the third Hall sensor 118. The magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 cannot cause a change in the magnetic flux density B1 of the first Hall sensor 104, and the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 cannot cause a change in the magnetic flux density B2 of the third Hall sensor 118. Generally, the distance between the first detection position and the second detection position is usually relatively large.

[0423] Based on the above description, the combination of the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 and the third Hall sensor 118 can realize the temperature alarm function of the battery 100. For details on its working principle, please refer to [link to documentation]. Figure 5 The description shown is omitted here.

[0424] based on Figures 3A-3B as well as Figures 16A-16B The description of the embodiments, in conjunction with Figure 16C This section details the working principles of the first Hall sensor 104 and the third Hall sensor 118.

[0425] Please see Figure 16C , Figure 16C This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a first Hall sensor and a third Hall sensor provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0426] like Figure 16C As shown, the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104 ( Figure 16C (The symbols H1 and H1 are used to represent the components) include four terminals ( Figure 16C (The numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 are used for illustration). Terminals 1 and 2 are the two input terminals of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104, and terminals 3 and 4 are the two output terminals of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104. Therefore, the two input terminals of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104 form an input circuit, and the two output terminals of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104 form an output circuit.

[0427] The Hall element in the third Hall sensor 118 ( Figure 16C The diagram uses the letters H3 to represent the terminals (including four terminals). Figure 16C (The numbers 1, 2, 7, and 8 are used for illustration). Terminals 1 and 2 are the two input terminals of the Hall element in the third Hall sensor 118, and terminals 7 and 8 are the two output terminals of the Hall element in the third Hall sensor 118. Therefore, the two input terminals of the Hall element in the third Hall sensor 118 form an input circuit, and the two output terminals of the Hall element in the third Hall sensor 118 form an output circuit.

[0428] The input terminals of the Hall elements in the first Hall sensor 104 and the third Hall sensor 118 are connected in parallel. The output terminals of both Hall elements are electrically connected to the same terminal of the host unit 30, and the output terminals of both are managed by the host unit 30. Therefore, a constant first control current I1 can be input into the input circuit of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104, a constant third control current I3 can be input into the input circuit of the Hall element in the third Hall sensor 118, and a first Hall voltage V can be output from the output circuit of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104. H1 The output circuit of the Hall element in the third Hall sensor 118 can output a third Hall voltage V. H3 .

[0429] Based on the working principle of the Hall effect, the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104, to which a constant first control current I1 is applied, is placed in the magnetic field corresponding to the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104. A potential difference V is generated between the two output terminals of the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104. H1 That is, the output circuit can output the first Hall voltage V. H1 .

[0430] A Hall element in a third Hall sensor 118, to which a constant third control current I3 is supplied, is placed in the magnetic field corresponding to the magnetic induction intensity B3 of the third Hall sensor 118. A potential difference V is generated at the two output terminals of the Hall element in the third Hall sensor 118. H3 That is, the output circuit can output a third Hall voltage V. H3 .

[0431] When the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 at the first detection position is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the battery cell body 101 is about to experience or has already experienced a thermal anomaly, causing the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 to weaken or disappear, thus weakening or eliminating the magnetic field applied by the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 to the first Hall sensor 104. Therefore, by weakening or eliminating the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 can be reduced.

[0432] As the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 decreases, the first Hall sensor 104 is able to output a first Hall voltage V with a smaller amplitude. H1 Therefore, the first Hall sensor 104 is based on the first Hall voltage V. H1 With the first threshold voltage V g1 The amplitude comparison result can be used to transmit a first alarm signal with a level transition to AND gate 119. After detecting the first alarm signal, AND gate 119 can transmit the first alarm signal to the first terminal of the host unit 30.

[0433] Therefore, when the host unit 30 detects a jump in the level of the first alarm signal, it can determine that a first-level thermal anomaly has occurred in the battery cell body 101 at the first detection position.

[0434] When the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 at the second detection position is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the third temperature-sensing magnet 117, the battery cell body 101 is about to experience or has already experienced a thermal anomaly, causing the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 to weaken or disappear, thus weakening or eliminating the magnetic field applied by the third temperature-sensing magnet 117 to the third Hall sensor 118. Therefore, by weakening or eliminating the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet 117, the magnetic induction intensity B3 of the third Hall sensor 118 can be reduced.

[0435] As the magnetic induction intensity B3 of the third Hall sensor 118 decreases, the third Hall sensor 118 is able to output a third Hall voltage V with a smaller amplitude. H3 Therefore, the third Hall sensor 118 is based on the third Hall voltage V. H3 With the third threshold voltage V g3 The amplitude comparison result can be used to transmit a level-transition third alarm signal to AND gate 119. After detecting the third alarm signal, AND gate 119 can transmit the third alarm signal to the first terminal of the host unit 30.

[0436] Therefore, when the host unit 30 detects a jump in the level of the third alarm signal, it can determine that a first-level thermal anomaly has occurred in the cell body 101 at the second detection position.

[0437] In summary, this application addresses multiple detection locations where thermal anomalies are prone to occur in the battery cell body 101. Based on the configuration of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the first Hall sensor 104, the third temperature-sensing magnet 117, the third Hall sensor 118, and the AND gate circuit 119, it eliminates the impact of a small number of detection locations or their relatively remote locations on the response speed of alarms for thermal anomalies in the battery cell body 101. It also solves the problem of limited terminal numbers in the host unit 30. This allows for parallel monitoring of the temperature status of the battery cell body 101 at multiple detection locations on the same battery cell body 101, enabling multi-point alarms for thermal anomalies in the battery cell body 101. This improves the response speed of alarms for thermal anomalies in the battery cell body 101 and enhances the sensitivity and reliability of detection.

[0438] Based on the above description, the AND gate circuit 119 of this application may include various implementation methods, such as using an integrated chip or a circuit composed of multiple components.

[0439] Below, in conjunction with Figure 16D This section details the specific implementation of AND gate circuit 119.

[0440] Please see Figure 16D , Figure 16D This is a schematic diagram of an AND gate circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, Figure 16DIn the example where the number M of batteries 100 is equal to 1, both the first Hall sensor 104 and the third Hall sensor 118 are... Figure 10A The structure shown is illustrated as an example, and the electrical connection between the power supply unit 20 and the host unit 30 is not shown.

[0441] like Figure 16D As shown, AND gate circuit 119 may include: a first diode VD1, a second diode VD2, a first resistor R1, and a second resistor R2.

[0442] The cathode of the first diode VD1 is electrically connected to the second terminal OUT1 of the first Hall sensor 104, the cathode of the second diode VD2 is electrically connected to the second terminal OUT3 of the third Hall sensor 118, and the anodes of the first diode VD1, the second diode VD2, the first terminal of the first resistor R1, and the first terminal of the second resistor R2 are all connected to the first terminal of the host unit 30. Figure 16D (Illustratively, terminal 1 of the main unit 30 is used for electrical connection.) The second end of the first resistor R1 is used to input the preset voltage VDD, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded.

[0443] For example, suppose the first preset temperature is equal to the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, where the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 is the internal temperature of the cell body 101 when it changes from never having a thermal anomaly to having a thermal anomaly.

[0444] When the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 is lower than the first preset temperature, the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104 can output a high-voltage first Hall voltage V. H1 Due to the first Hall voltage V H1 The amplitude is greater than the first threshold voltage V g1 The amplitude. Therefore, comparator 1043 can output a high-level first alarm signal Vo1, that is, the second terminal OUT1 of the first Hall sensor 104 can output a high-level first alarm signal Vo1. The high-level first alarm signal Vo1 is still a high-level first alarm signal after passing through the first diode VD1.

[0445] Furthermore, in the third Hall sensor 118, the Hall element can output a high-voltage third Hall voltage V. H3 Due to the third Hall voltage V H3 The amplitude is greater than the third threshold voltage V g3 The amplitude of the signal. Therefore, comparator 1043 can output a high-level third alarm signal Vo2, that is, the second terminal OUT3 of the third Hall sensor 118 can output a high-level third alarm signal Vo2. The high-level third alarm signal Vo2 remains a high-level third alarm signal after passing through the second diode VD2.

[0446] Therefore, the first diode VD1 can output a high-level first alarm signal, and the second diode VD2 can output a high-level third alarm signal, so that the first alarm signal or the third alarm signal that the first terminal of the host unit 30 can receive are both high-level.

[0447] When the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 is equal to or higher than the first preset temperature, the Hall element in the first Hall sensor 104 can output a low-voltage first Hall voltage V. H1 Due to the first Hall voltage V H1 The amplitude decreases to less than the first threshold voltage V. g1 The amplitude. Therefore, comparator 1043 can output a low-level first alarm signal Vo1, that is, the second terminal OUT1 of the first Hall sensor 104 can output a low-level first alarm signal Vo1, and the low-level first alarm signal Vo1 is transformed into a low-level first alarm signal through the first diode VD1.

[0448] Furthermore, since the detection position of the third Hall sensor 118 is different from that of the first Hall sensor 104, the second terminal OUT3 of the third Hall sensor 118 will continue to output a high-level third alarm signal Vo2. The high-level third alarm signal Vo2 remains a high-level third alarm signal after passing through the second diode VD2.

[0449] Therefore, the first diode VD1 outputs a low-level first alarm signal, and the second diode VD2 outputs a high-level third alarm signal, enabling the first terminal of the host unit 30 to receive the low-level first alarm signal. Thus, the host unit 30 can detect the level change of the first alarm signal, facilitating the implementation of the temperature alarm function.

[0450] It should be noted that, in addition to the AND gate circuit 119 constructed from diodes and resistors, the AND gate circuit 119 can also be implemented in other ways, and this application does not limit it.

[0451] In addition to the above Figures 16A-16D In addition to the implementation method, multiple temperature-sensing magnets are arranged at different detection positions of the same battery cell body 101, and the multiple temperature-sensing magnets correspond to multiple Hall elements in the first Hall sensor 104 respectively. With the help of an amplifier in the Hall sensor and an electrical connection to a terminal of the host unit 30, the host unit 30 can realize multi-point alarm for thermal abnormalities of the same battery cell body 101 through the aforementioned terminal, which can also reduce the number of amplifiers and save the cost of device connection.

[0452] Each Hall element corresponds to a temperature-sensing magnet. Multiple temperature-sensing magnets are used to sense different detection positions of the same battery cell body 101. The specific implementation method can be found in the description of the detection position mentioned above. This can eliminate the influence of the detection position on the alarm speed when the battery cell body 101 has a thermal abnormality. It can also realize a rapid alarm when the battery cell body 101 has a point-like thermal abnormality.

[0453] In this configuration, the first end of each Hall element is the first end VCC1 of the first Hall sensor 104, and the first end of each Hall element is used to be electrically connected to the power supply unit 20. Multiple Hall elements are connected in series, and the first and second ends of the multiple Hall elements connected in series are respectively electrically connected to the first and second ends of the amplifier. The third end of the amplifier is the second end OUT1 of the first Hall sensor 104, and the third end of the amplifier is used to be electrically connected to the first end of the host unit 30.

[0454] This application does not limit the number of Hall elements or the materials used in the first Hall sensor 104.

[0455] Below, in conjunction with Figures 17A-17B This section details the specific implementation of the first Hall sensor 104. For ease of explanation, Figures 17A-17B In the diagram, the first Hall sensor 104 is illustrated using two Hall elements as an example.

[0456] Please see Figure 17A , Figure 17A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first Hall sensor provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0457] like Figure 17A As shown, the first Hall sensor 104 may include an amplifier 1045, a Hall element 1041, and a Hall element 1044.

[0458] The first terminal of Hall element 1041 ( Figure 17A (Illustrated using terminal 1 of Hall element 1041) is the first terminal VCC1 of the first Hall sensor 104. The first terminal of Hall element 1041 is electrically connected to power supply unit 20, allowing Hall element 1041 to obtain the power supply required by Hall element 1041 from power supply unit 20, so as to provide a constant first control current I1 (or first control voltage). Furthermore, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 corresponding to Hall element 1041 can provide the Hall element 1041 with the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 1044. Thus, Hall element 1041 can generate the Hall effect, enabling Hall element 1041 to detect the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103.

[0459] The first terminal of Hall element 1044 ( Figure 17A(Illustrated using terminal 1 of Hall element 1044) is the first terminal VCC1 of the first Hall sensor 104. The first terminal of Hall element 1044 is electrically connected to power supply unit 20, enabling Hall element 1044 to obtain the power supply required by Hall element 1044 from power supply unit 20, so as to provide a constant first control current I4 (or fourth control voltage). Furthermore, the temperature-sensing magnet corresponding to Hall element 1044 can provide the magnetic induction intensity B4 of the first Hall sensor 1044 to Hall element 1044. Thus, Hall element 1044 can generate the Hall effect, enabling Hall element 1044 to detect the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet corresponding to Hall element 1044.

[0460] The second terminal of Hall element 1041 ( Figure 17A (Illustrated using terminal 3 of Hall element 1041) and terminal 3 of Hall element 1044 ( Figure 17A (The diagram shows the series electrical connection using terminal 10 of the Hall element 1044.)

[0461] The second terminal of Hall element 1044 ( Figure 17A (Illustrated using terminal 9 of Hall element 1044) and the first terminal of amplifier 1045 ( Figure 17A (Illustrated using terminal 1 of amplifier 1045) Electrically connected, the third terminal of Hall element 1041 ( Figure 17A (Illustrated using terminal 4 of Hall element 1041) and the second terminal of amplifier 1045 ( Figure 17A (Illustrative diagram using terminal 2 of amplifier 1045) Electrical connection.

[0462] In this configuration, the second terminal of Hall element 1044 and the third terminal of Hall element 1041 are the two terminals at the beginning and end of the series-connected Hall element 1044 and Hall element 1041, respectively. The third terminal of amplifier 1045 ( Figure 17A (Illustrated using terminal 5 of amplifier 1045) is the second terminal OUT1 of the first Hall sensor 104, and the third terminal of amplifier 1045 is connected to the first terminal of the host unit 30. Figure 17A (Illustrative diagram using terminal 1 of main unit 30) Electrical connection.

[0463] in addition, Figure 17A In the diagram, the power supply terminal of amplifier 1045 is represented as terminal 3 of amplifier 1045, the ground terminal of Hall element 1041 is represented as terminal 2 of Hall element 1041, the ground terminal of Hall element 1044 is represented as terminal 2 of Hall element 1044, and the ground terminal of amplifier 1045 is represented as terminal 4 of amplifier 1045. It should be noted that amplifier 1045, Hall element 1041, and Hall element 1044 share a common ground.

[0464] Specifically, the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the temperature-sensing magnet corresponding to the Hall element 1044 respectively sense the temperature inside the battery cell body 101 at different detection positions. For ease of explanation, this application uses the aforementioned first and second detection positions as examples.

[0465] Therefore, when a thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell body 101, Hall elements 1041 and 1044 can characterize the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 at different detection locations. This helps to eliminate the influence of different detection locations on the alarm speed when a thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell body 101, and can also achieve rapid alarm when a point-like thermal abnormality occurs in the battery cell body 101.

[0466] Based on the above description, and in combination Figure 17B This section details the working principles of Hall elements 1041 and 1044 in the first Hall sensor 104.

[0467] Please see Figure 17B , Figure 17B This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a first Hall sensor provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0468] like Figure 17B As shown, Hall element 1041 ( Figure 17B (The symbols H1 and H1 are used to represent the components) include four terminals ( Figure 17B The numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 are used for illustration. Hall element 1044 ( Figure 17B (The letters H4 are used to represent the terminals respectively) Each includes four terminals. Figure 17B The numbers 1, 2, 9, and 10 are used for illustration.

[0469] In this circuit, terminals 1 and 2 are the two input terminals of Hall element 1041 and Hall element 1044, respectively; terminals 3 and 4 are the two output terminals of Hall element 1041; and terminals 9 and 10 are the two output terminals of Hall element 1044. Terminals 3 and 10 are connected in series. Therefore, the two input terminals of Hall element 1041 and Hall element 1044 form an input circuit, and the four output terminals of Hall elements 1041 and 1044 form an output circuit.

[0470] As can be seen, the input terminals of Hall elements 1041 and 1044 are connected in parallel, one output terminal of each Hall element 1041 and 1044 is connected in series, and the other output terminal of each Hall element 1041 and 1044 is connected to the main unit 30 through amplifier 1045. Therefore, a constant first control current I1 can be input into the input circuit of Hall element 1041, a constant third control current I4 can be input into the input circuit of Hall element 1044, and the output circuits of Hall elements 1041 and 1044 can output a first Hall voltage V. H1 With the fourth Hall voltage V H4 The amplitude and value.

[0471] Among them, the first Hall voltage V H1 With the fourth Hall voltage V H4 The amplitude and value are the first Hall voltage V. H1 The amplitude and the fourth Hall voltage V H4 The sum of their amplitudes.

[0472] Based on the working principle of the Hall effect, a Hall element 1041 with a constant first control current I1 is placed in the magnetic field corresponding to the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104, and a potential difference V is generated at the two output terminals of the Hall element 1041. H1 .

[0473] A Hall element 1044, to which a constant first control current I4 is applied, is placed in the magnetic field corresponding to the magnetic induction intensity B4 of the first Hall sensor 104. A potential difference V is generated at the two output terminals of the Hall element 1044. H4 .

[0474] Therefore, the output circuits of Hall elements 1041 and 1044 can output a first Hall voltage V to amplifier 1045. H1 With the fourth Hall voltage V H4 The amplitude and value.

[0475] When the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 at the first detection position is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the battery cell body 101 is about to experience or has already experienced a thermal anomaly, causing the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 to weaken or disappear, thus weakening or eliminating the magnetic field applied by the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 to the Hall element 1041. Therefore, by weakening or eliminating the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 can be reduced. As the magnetic induction intensity B1 of the first Hall sensor 104 decreases, the Hall element 1041 can output a first Hall voltage V with a smaller amplitude. H1 .

[0476] When the internal temperature of the battery cell body 101 at the second detection position is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103, the battery cell body 101 is about to or has already experienced a thermal anomaly, causing the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet corresponding to the Hall element 1044 to weaken or disappear, thus weakening or eliminating the magnetic field applied to the Hall element 1044 by the temperature-sensing magnet corresponding to the Hall element 1044. Therefore, by weakening or eliminating the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet corresponding to the Hall element 1044, the magnetic induction intensity B4 of the first Hall sensor 104 can be reduced. As the magnetic induction intensity B4 of the first Hall sensor 104 decreases, the Hall element 1044 can output a fourth Hall voltage V with a smaller amplitude. H4 .

[0477] As can be seen, the Hall elements 1041 and 1044 connected in series can output the first Hall voltage V to the amplifier 1045. H1 With the fourth Hall voltage V H4 The amplitude and value. Amplifier 1045 can adjust the first Hall voltage V according to the amplification ratio of amplifier 1045. H1 With the fourth Hall voltage V H4 The amplitude and value are amplified to obtain the first alarm signal. This application does not specify the exact amplification ratio of amplifier 1045. This improves the detection accuracy of the first Hall voltage V. H1 and / or the fourth Hall voltage V H4 Sensitivity and reliability.

[0478] Furthermore, based on Figure 4 The embodiment is described, and regardless of whether a thermal anomaly occurs inside the cell body 101 at the first detection position and / or the second detection position, the first Hall voltage V H1 With the fourth Hall voltage V H4 Both the amplitude and value will decrease. Therefore, when a thermal abnormality occurs in the cell body 101, the amplitude of the voltage of the first alarm signal decreases to less than the first threshold voltage V. g1 With the fourth threshold voltage V g4 The amplitude and value.

[0479] Among them, the first threshold voltage V g1 It is the voltage corresponding to the cell body 101 when it changes from never having a thermal abnormality to having a thermal abnormality, and the first threshold voltage V g1 The fourth threshold voltage V is determined based on the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet 103 and the amplification ratio of the amplifier 1045. g1 It is the voltage corresponding to the cell body 101 when it changes from never having a thermal abnormality to having a thermal abnormality, and the first threshold voltage V g1The first threshold voltage V is determined based on the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnet corresponding to the Hall element 1044 and the amplification ratio of the amplifier 1045. g1 and the fourth threshold voltage V g4 For details, please refer to the threshold voltage V mentioned above. g The description.

[0480] Amplifier 1045 can transmit a first alarm signal to the first terminal of host unit 30, enabling host unit 30 to compare the amplitude of the voltage of the first alarm signal with a first threshold voltage V. g1 With the fourth threshold voltage V g4 The magnitude and the value between the amplitude and the value. The host unit 30 may store the first threshold voltage V. g1 With the fourth threshold voltage V g4 The amplitude and value. Alternatively, the host unit 30 may receive a first threshold voltage V from the amplifier 1045 or other components. g1 With the fourth threshold voltage V g4 The amplitude and value.

[0481] Therefore, when the amplitude of the voltage detecting the first alarm signal decreases to less than the first threshold voltage V... g1 With the fourth threshold voltage V g4 When the amplitude and value of the first alarm signal are within a certain range, the host unit 30 can determine that the battery 100 has experienced a thermal abnormality. Therefore, based on the first alarm signal with different amplitude values, the host unit 30 can determine whether multiple thermal abnormalities have occurred within the same battery cell.

[0482] In summary, by using a Hall sensor with multiple Hall elements and an amplifier, and employing a total voltage method, the impact of a small number of detection locations or their off-center locations on the response speed of alarms for thermal anomalies in the battery cell 101 is eliminated. This also solves the problem of limited terminal numbers in the host unit 30. Parallel monitoring of the temperature status of the battery cell 101 can be performed at multiple detection locations on the same battery cell 101, enabling accurate and timely multi-point alarms for thermal anomalies. This improves the response speed of alarms for thermal anomalies in the battery cell 101, enhances detection sensitivity and reliability, reduces the number of amplifiers, and saves on device connection costs.

[0483] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely specific implementations of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery, characterized in that, include: The battery cell body, the battery cell housing, the first temperature-sensing magnet, and the first Hall sensor; The battery cell housing is made of non-magnetic shielding material and has a receiving cavity. The battery cell body is placed inside the receiving cavity. The first Hall sensor is placed outside the receiving cavity. The first end of the first Hall sensor is used to be electrically connected to the power supply unit, and the second end of the first Hall sensor is used to be electrically connected to the first end of the host unit. The first temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the receiving cavity or outside the receiving cavity. The first temperature-sensing magnet is used to sense the temperature inside the battery cell body; wherein, when the internal temperature of the battery cell body is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears; the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell body. The first Hall sensor is used to detect the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet and output a first alarm signal based on the change in the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet, so that the host unit determines that the battery cell body has experienced a first-level thermal anomaly after detecting the first alarm signal. This includes: inputting a constant control current or control voltage into the Hall element of the Hall sensor; when the internal temperature of the battery cell body is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet, the first Hall sensor outputs a first Hall voltage with a smaller amplitude; based on the comparison result of the amplitude of the first Hall voltage and a threshold voltage, the first Hall sensor either performs a level transition on the level of the first alarm signal or reduces the amplitude of the first alarm signal voltage to be less than the amplitude of the threshold voltage, and outputs the first alarm signal to the first terminal of the host unit. The amplitude of the threshold voltage is determined based on the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet.

2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery also includes: a second temperature-sensing magnet and a second Hall sensor; Wherein, the second Hall sensor is placed outside the receiving cavity, the first end of the second Hall sensor is used to be electrically connected to the power supply unit, the second end of the second Hall sensor is used to be electrically connected to the second end of the host unit, the second end of the host unit is different from the first end of the host unit, and the second temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the receiving cavity or the second temperature-sensing magnet is placed outside the receiving cavity; The second temperature-sensing magnet is used to sense the temperature inside the battery cell body; wherein, when the internal temperature of the battery cell body is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears; the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell body, and the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet is different from the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet. The second Hall sensor is used to detect the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet and output a second alarm signal based on the change in the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet, so that the host unit determines that the battery cell body has experienced a second-level thermal anomaly after detecting the second alarm signal. The first level is different from the second level.

3. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The distance between the first temperature-sensing magnet and the second temperature-sensing magnet is greater than a first preset distance, and the distance between the first Hall sensor and the second Hall sensor is greater than a second preset distance, so that the first temperature-sensing magnet and the first Hall sensor, and the second temperature-sensing magnet and the second Hall sensor form a magnetic shield.

4. The battery according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The battery further includes: a first magnetic shield and a second magnetic shield, both having openings, for ensuring that the first temperature-sensing magnet and the first Hall sensor form a magnetic shield with the second temperature-sensing magnet and the second Hall sensor; Wherein, the first temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the first magnetic shield, the second temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the second magnetic shield, and the opening direction of the first magnetic shield is the same as the opening direction of the second magnetic shield; Alternatively, the first temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the first magnetic shield, the first Hall sensor is placed inside the second magnetic shield, and the opening of the first magnetic shield is positioned opposite to the opening of the second magnetic shield. Alternatively, the second temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the first magnetic shield, the second Hall sensor is placed inside the second magnetic shield, and the opening of the first magnetic shield is positioned opposite to the opening of the second magnetic shield.

5. The battery according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The battery further includes: a third magnetic shield, a fourth magnetic shield, and a fifth magnetic shield, each having an opening, for ensuring that the first temperature-sensing magnet and the first Hall sensor form a magnetic shield with the second temperature-sensing magnet and the second Hall sensor. Wherein, the first temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the third magnetic shield, the first Hall sensor is placed inside the fourth magnetic shield, the second temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the fifth magnetic shield, the opening direction of the third magnetic shield is opposite to the opening of the fourth magnetic shield, and the opening direction of the third magnetic shield is the same as the opening direction of the fifth magnetic shield. Alternatively, the second temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the third magnetic shield, the second Hall sensor is placed inside the fourth magnetic shield, and the first temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the fifth magnetic shield. The opening direction of the third magnetic shield is opposite to the opening direction of the fourth magnetic shield, and the opening direction of the third magnetic shield is the same as the opening direction of the fifth magnetic shield.

6. The battery according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The battery further includes: a sixth magnetic shield, a seventh magnetic shield, an eighth magnetic shield, and a ninth magnetic shield, each having an opening, for ensuring that the first temperature-sensing magnet and the first Hall sensor form magnetic shielding with the second temperature-sensing magnet and the second Hall sensor. The first temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the sixth magnetic shield, the first Hall sensor is placed inside the seventh magnetic shield, and the openings of the sixth and seventh magnetic shields are opposite to each other. The second temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the eighth magnetic shield, and the second Hall sensor is placed inside the ninth magnetic shield, with the openings of the eighth and ninth magnetic shields opposite to each other.

7. The battery according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The battery also includes: a third temperature-sensing magnet, a third Hall sensor, and an AND gate circuit; The third Hall sensor is placed outside the receiving cavity. The first end of the third Hall sensor is electrically connected to the power supply unit. The second end of the first Hall sensor is electrically connected to the first end of the AND gate circuit. The second end of the third Hall sensor is electrically connected to the second end of the AND gate circuit. The third end of the AND gate circuit is electrically connected to the first end of the host unit. The third temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the receiving cavity or outside the receiving cavity. The first temperature-sensing magnet is specifically used to sense the temperature inside the battery cell at the first detection position; The first Hall sensor is specifically used to detect the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet and transmit the first alarm signal to the AND gate circuit based on the change in the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet. The third temperature-sensing magnet is used to sense the temperature inside the battery cell at the second detection position; wherein, when the internal temperature of the battery cell is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the third temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears; the Curie temperature of the third temperature-sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell, and the second detection position is different from the first detection position. The third Hall sensor is used to detect the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet and transmit a third alarm signal to the AND gate circuit based on the change in the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet. The AND gate circuit is used to transmit the first alarm signal to the host unit after receiving the first alarm signal, so that the host unit determines that the battery cell body has experienced a first-level thermal anomaly at the first detection location when it detects a jump in the level of the first alarm signal; or, after receiving the third alarm signal, it transmits the third alarm signal to the host unit, so that the host unit determines that the battery cell body has experienced a first-level thermal anomaly at the second detection location when it detects a jump in the level of the third alarm signal.

8. The battery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The AND gate circuit includes: a first diode, a second diode, a first resistor, and a second resistor; The cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first Hall sensor, the cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third Hall sensor, the anodes of the first diode and the second diode, the first terminal of the first resistor and the first terminal of the second resistor are all electrically connected to the first terminal of the host unit, the second terminal of the first resistor is used to input a preset voltage, and the second terminal of the second resistor is grounded.

9. The battery according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first alarm signal is a digital signal whose level has changed.

10. The battery according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first Hall sensor includes: a Hall element, an amplifier, and a comparator; Wherein, the first end of the Hall element is the first end of the first Hall sensor, and the first end of the Hall element is used to be electrically connected to the power supply unit; the second end of the Hall element is electrically connected to the first end of the amplifier; the second end of the amplifier is electrically connected to the first end of the comparator; the second end of the comparator is used to input a threshold voltage, which is determined based on the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet and the amplification ratio of the amplifier; the third end of the comparator is the second end of the first Hall sensor, and the third end of the comparator is used to be electrically connected to the first end of the host unit. The Hall element is used to detect the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet and transmit a voltage with a smaller amplitude to the amplifier after the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears. The amplifier is used to amplify the voltage according to the amplification ratio of the amplifier, obtain an amplified result, and transmit the amplified result to the comparator; The comparator is used to convert the amplification result based on the threshold voltage to obtain the first alarm signal and output the first alarm signal so that the host unit determines that the battery cell body has experienced the first level of thermal anomaly after detecting a jump in the level of the first alarm signal.

11. The battery according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first alarm signal is an analog signal in which the voltage amplitude drops to less than the threshold voltage amplitude, the threshold voltage amplitude being determined based on the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet.

12. The battery according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first Hall sensor includes: an amplifier and a plurality of Hall elements, each Hall element corresponding to a temperature-sensing magnet; Wherein, the first end of each Hall element is the first end of the first Hall sensor, and the first end of each Hall element is used to be electrically connected to the power supply unit. The plurality of Hall elements are connected in series and electrically connected. The first and second ends of the plurality of Hall elements connected in series are respectively electrically connected to the first and second ends of the amplifier. The third end of the amplifier is the second end of the first Hall sensor, and the third end of the amplifier is used to be electrically connected to the first end of the host unit. Each Hall element is used to detect the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet corresponding to the Hall element, and transmits a voltage with a smaller amplitude to the amplifier after the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet corresponding to the Hall element weakens or disappears. The amplifier is used to amplify the amplitude and value of the voltage transmitted by each Hall element according to the amplification ratio of the amplifier to obtain the first alarm signal, and transmit the first alarm signal to the host unit so that the host unit determines that the cell body has experienced the first level of thermal anomaly when it detects that the amplitude of the voltage of the first alarm signal has decreased to less than the amplitude of a threshold voltage. The threshold voltage is determined based on the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnet corresponding to each Hall element and the amplification ratio of the amplifier.

13. The battery according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, A temperature-sensing magnet is fixed on the inner surface of the battery cell housing; Alternatively, the temperature-sensing magnet is fixed in the electrolyte of the battery cell body; Alternatively, the temperature-sensing magnet is fixed inside the bare cell of the cell body; Alternatively, a temperature-sensing magnet may be fixed to the outer surface of the battery cell housing; Alternatively, the temperature-sensing magnet may be fixed to the outside of the cell housing.

14. The battery according to claim 13, characterized in that, When the temperature-sensing magnet is fixed to the outside of the cell housing, the battery further includes a heat-conducting element, which is fixed to the outer surface of the cell housing and is in contact with the surface of the temperature-sensing magnet.

15. The battery according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The Hall sensor is fixed to the outer surface of the cell housing; Alternatively, the Hall sensor may be fixed to the outside of the cell housing.

16. A battery module, characterized in that, include: M batteries as described in any one of claims 1-15, where M is a positive integer.

17. A battery system, characterized in that, include: The power supply unit, the host unit, and the battery module as described in claim 16; The power supply unit is electrically connected to the Hall sensor in the host unit and the battery module respectively, and the Hall sensor in the battery module is also electrically connected to the host unit. The power supply unit is used to supply power to the Hall sensors in the host unit and the battery module, respectively. The temperature-sensing magnet in the battery module is used to sense the internal temperature of the cell body corresponding to the temperature-sensing magnet in the battery module; wherein, when the internal temperature of the cell body is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears; the Curie temperature of the temperature-sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the cell body. The Hall sensor in the battery module is used to detect the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet corresponding to the Hall sensor in the battery module, and outputs the first alarm signal according to the change in the magnetism of the temperature-sensing magnet. The host unit is used to determine that the battery cell body has experienced the first level of thermal anomaly when the first alarm signal is detected.

18. A battery thermal anomaly alarm method, characterized in that, The battery is applied to a battery comprising: a cell body, a cell casing, a first temperature-sensing magnet, and a first Hall sensor; wherein, the cell casing is made of a non-magnetic shielding material, the cell casing has a receiving cavity, the cell body is placed inside the receiving cavity, the first Hall sensor is placed outside the receiving cavity, a first end of the first Hall sensor is used for electrical connection to a power supply unit, a second end of the first Hall sensor is used for electrical connection to a first end of a host unit, and the first temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the receiving cavity or outside the receiving cavity; The method includes: The first temperature-sensing magnet senses the temperature inside the battery cell body; wherein, when the internal temperature of the battery cell body is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears; the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell body. The first Hall sensor detects the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet and outputs a first alarm signal based on the change in the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet, so that the host unit determines that the battery cell body has experienced a first-level thermal anomaly after detecting the first alarm signal. This includes: inputting a constant control current or control voltage into the Hall element of the Hall sensor; when the internal temperature of the battery cell body is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet, the first Hall sensor outputs a first Hall voltage with a smaller amplitude; based on the comparison result of the amplitude of the first Hall voltage and the threshold voltage, the first Hall sensor either performs a level transition on the level of the first alarm signal or reduces the amplitude of the voltage of the first alarm signal to be less than the amplitude of the threshold voltage, and outputs the first alarm signal to the first terminal of the host unit. The amplitude of the threshold voltage is determined based on the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The battery further includes: a second temperature-sensing magnet and a second Hall sensor; wherein, the second Hall sensor is placed outside the receiving cavity, a first end of the second Hall sensor is used to be electrically connected to the power supply unit, a second end of the second Hall sensor is used to be electrically connected to the second end of the host unit, the second end of the host unit is different from the first end of the host unit, and the second temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the receiving cavity or outside the receiving cavity; The method further includes: The second temperature-sensing magnet senses the temperature inside the battery cell body; wherein, when the internal temperature of the battery cell body is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears; the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell body, and the Curie temperature of the second temperature-sensing magnet is different from the Curie temperature of the first temperature-sensing magnet. The second Hall sensor detects the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet and outputs a second alarm signal based on the change in the magnetism of the second temperature-sensing magnet, so that the host unit determines that the battery cell body has experienced a second-level thermal anomaly after detecting the second alarm signal. The first level is different from the second level.

20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that, The battery further includes: a third temperature-sensing magnet, a third Hall sensor, and an AND gate circuit; wherein, the third Hall sensor is placed outside the receiving cavity, the first end of the third Hall sensor is electrically connected to the power supply unit, the second end of the first Hall sensor is electrically connected to the first end of the AND gate circuit, the second end of the third Hall sensor is electrically connected to the second end of the AND gate circuit, the third end of the AND gate circuit is electrically connected to the first end of the host unit, and the third temperature-sensing magnet is placed inside the receiving cavity or outside the receiving cavity; The method further includes: The first temperature-sensing magnet senses the temperature inside the battery cell at a first detection position; The first Hall sensor detects the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet and transmits the first alarm signal to the AND gate circuit based on the change in the magnetism of the first temperature-sensing magnet. The third temperature-sensing magnet senses the temperature inside the battery cell at the second detection position; wherein, when the internal temperature of the battery cell is equal to or higher than the Curie temperature of the third temperature-sensing magnet, the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet weakens or disappears; the Curie temperature of the third temperature-sensing magnet matches the thermal runaway critical temperature of the battery cell, and the second detection position is different from the first detection position. The third Hall sensor detects the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet and transmits a third alarm signal to the AND gate circuit based on the change in the magnetism of the third temperature-sensing magnet. After receiving the first alarm signal, the AND gate circuit transmits the first alarm signal to the host unit, so that when the host unit detects a jump in the level of the first alarm signal, it determines that the cell body has experienced the first level of thermal anomaly at the first detection location. Alternatively, after receiving the third alarm signal, the AND gate circuit transmits the third alarm signal to the host unit, so that when the host unit detects a jump in the level of the third alarm signal, it determines that the cell body has experienced the first level of thermal anomaly at the second detection position.

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