Distributed variable-speed pumped storage and power grid collaborative planning method, system and device

Abstract

A method for coordinated planning of distributed variable-speed pumped hydro storage and the power grid is proposed. This method first constructs a coordinated planning model with large-scale renewable energy access based on source and load data of the planning area, with the objective function of minimizing the expected cost of distributed variable-speed pumped hydro storage and power grid construction and operation. Then, the constructed coordinated planning model is solved to obtain the optimal distributed variable-speed pumped hydro storage and power grid planning scheme. This invention not only better meets the flexibility requirements of renewable energy output and load fluctuations, but also effectively coordinates power grid construction and energy storage resources, improving the power grid's renewable energy absorption capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power system planning technology, specifically relating to a method, system and equipment for distributed variable speed pumped storage and grid collaborative planning. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, new energy sources have developed rapidly, with wind and solar power accounting for an increasing proportion of the power system year by year, gradually forming a high-proportion new energy power system. However, due to the intermittent and fluctuating nature of new energy output, coupled with the fact that the power supply structure is dominated by coal-fired units, the system's operational flexibility is insufficient, posing challenges to the absorption of high-proportion new energy sources. Pumped storage has advantages such as mature technology, safe operation, and low carbon footprint. Moreover, as a means of transferring electricity over time, the development of pumped storage can compensate for the shortcomings caused by the volatility and randomness of new energy output, improving the operational level of the power system.

[0003] The planning and construction of large-scale pumped storage power stations are constrained by numerous conditions such as geography, hydrology, and environment, while the scale of wind and solar power integration into high and low voltage power grids is also growing rapidly. Distributed variable-speed pumped storage refers to the existence of multiple variable-speed pumped storage units in multiple locations, thus its connection location and capacity become issues that cannot be ignored. The location and capacity of distributed variable-speed pumped storage affect the stability of the power grid system. The connection location and capacity are interdependent, together constituting the optimal configuration problem of distributed variable-speed pumped storage systems. Appropriate pumped storage connection location and capacity are important guarantees for the reliable operation of the power grid. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology by providing a distributed variable-speed pumped storage and grid collaborative planning method, system, and equipment that can effectively coordinate power grid construction and energy storage resources and achieve efficient consumption of high proportions of renewable energy.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for coordinated planning of distributed variable-speed pumped storage and power grid includes:

[0007] Step A: Based on the source and load data of the planning area, construct a collaborative planning model with large-scale new energy access, with the objective function of minimizing the expected cost of distributed variable speed pumped storage and power grid construction and operation;

[0008] Step B: Solve the constructed collaborative planning model to obtain the optimal distributed variable-speed pumped storage and power grid planning scheme.

[0009] The objective function of the collaborative planning model is:

[0010] In the above formula, The investment costs for new power lines, distributed variable speed pumped storage units, and reservoirs. This is the annual investment conversion factor. Let be the probability of the s-th running scenario. , For the number of running scenarios, , , , , , These represent the coal consumption cost, start-up and shutdown cost, load shedding cost, battery degradation cost, wind curtailment cost, and solar curtailment cost for the s-th operating scenario, respectively. , , The maintenance costs are for fixed-speed pumped storage units, distributed variable-speed pumped storage units, and reservoirs, respectively.

[0011] The constraints of the collaborative planning model include:

[0012] Constraints of constant-speed pumped storage operation:

[0013]

[0014]

[0015]

[0016] In the above formula, , These represent the pumping and power generation states of the i-th constant-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation of the i-th constant-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , , These are the rated pumping power, minimum generating power, and maximum generating power of a single constant-speed pumped storage unit, respectively.

[0017] Distributed variable-speed pumped storage operation constraints:

[0018]

[0019]

[0020]

[0021] In the above formula, , These represent the pumping and power generation status of the i-th distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the i-th distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , , , These are the minimum pumping power, maximum pumping power, minimum power generation, and maximum power generation of a single distributed variable speed pumped storage unit, respectively.

[0022] Existing pumped storage power stations have corresponding reservoir capacity constraints:

[0023]

[0024]

[0025]

[0026]

[0027] In the above formula, , Let represent the water storage of the upper and lower reservoirs of the i-th existing reservoir during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , Let be the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th existing upper reservoir, respectively. , Let be the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th existing reservoir, respectively. , These are the conversion coefficients between power generation, pumping power, and flow rate of the pumped storage unit, respectively. The duration of each time period;

[0028] Reservoir capacity constraints for newly constructed distributed variable-speed pumped storage:

[0029]

[0030]

[0031] In the above formula, Let be the water storage capacity of the i-th newly built upper reservoir during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These are the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th newly built upper reservoir, respectively.

[0032] The constraints of the collaborative programming model also include:

[0033] Battery energy storage operation constraints:

[0034]

[0035]

[0036]

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] In the above formula, Let i be the state of charge of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These are the charging and discharging efficiencies of battery energy storage, respectively. The rated capacity of the i-th battery group is... , These are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the battery's state of charge, respectively. , These represent the charging and discharging states of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the charging and discharging power of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These are the maximum charging and discharging power of the i-th battery group, respectively;

[0040] Thermal power unit operating constraints:

[0041]

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] In the above formula, This represents the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th thermal power unit during time period t under the s-th operating scenario. Let i be the power generation capacity of the i-th thermal power unit in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , Let be the minimum and maximum output of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively, and let be the start-stop state variables of the i-th thermal power unit during time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , These are the uphill and downhill ramp rates of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively. , These represent the maximum uphill and downhill climbing speeds of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively.

[0045] The constraints of the collaborative programming model also include:

[0046] Power balance constraints:

[0047] In the above formula, , , These represent the power generation of the nth wind power, photovoltaic, and thermal power unit nodes in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , , , , , , Let represent the set of nodes containing wind turbines, photovoltaic power units, thermal power units, battery energy storage, constant-speed pumped storage units, variable-speed pumped storage units, and loads, and let represent the system's elastic load and its maximum value. , Let n be the charging and discharging power of the nth battery energy storage node in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the node where the nth constant-speed pumped storage unit is located during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the node containing the nth distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the sth operating scenario. For the power flow of the l-th transmission line in time period t under the s-th operating scenario, , These are the start and end points of the l-th transmission line, respectively. , These represent the load and load shedding of the nth node in time period t under the s-th operating scenario;

[0048] Current constraints:

[0049]

[0050]

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] In the above formula, Let the admittance of the l-th candidate transmission line be . , These are the voltage phase angles at the start and end points of the l-th candidate transmission line in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. For the set of candidate transmission lines, Let be the construction status variable for the candidate transmission line. If the l-th candidate transmission line is constructed, then... =1, otherwise =0, Let L be the capacity of the l-th candidate transmission line;

[0054] Shear load constraint:

[0055]

[0056] Node voltage phase angle constraints:

[0057]

[0058] In the above formula, Let n be the voltage phase angle of the nth node relative to the reference node during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. Let be the voltage phase angle of the reference node during time period t in the s-th operating scenario.

[0059] Step B includes:

[0060] The bilinear part of the collaborative planning model is relaxed using a convex optimization method. The relaxed collaborative planning model is then solved using a mixed-integer linear programming solver to obtain the optimal distributed variable-speed pumped storage and power grid planning scheme.

[0061] A distributed variable-speed pumped storage and power grid collaborative planning system includes a collaborative planning model construction module and a collaborative planning model solving module;

[0062] The collaborative planning model construction module is used to construct a collaborative planning model with large-scale new energy access based on the source and load data of the planning area, with the objective function of minimizing the expected cost of distributed variable speed pumped storage and power grid construction and operation.

[0063] The collaborative planning model solving module is used to solve the constructed collaborative planning model to obtain the optimal distributed variable speed pumped storage and power grid collaborative planning scheme.

[0064] The collaborative planning model construction module includes an objective function construction unit;

[0065] The objective function construction unit is used to construct the aforementioned objective function.

[0066] The collaborative planning model construction module also includes a constant-speed pumped storage operation constraint construction unit, a distributed variable-speed pumped storage operation constraint construction unit, a reservoir capacity constraint construction unit corresponding to existing pumped storage power stations, a reservoir capacity constraint construction unit for newly built distributed variable-speed pumped storage, a pool energy storage and thermal power unit operation constraint construction unit, a power balance and power flow constraint construction unit, a load shedding constraint construction unit, and a node voltage phase angle constraint construction unit.

[0067] The constant-rate pumped storage operation constraint construction unit is used to construct the following constant-rate pumped storage operation constraints:

[0068]

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] In the above formula, , These represent the pumping and power generation states of the i-th constant-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation of the i-th constant-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , , These are the rated pumping power, minimum generating power, and maximum generating power of a single constant-speed pumped storage unit, respectively.

[0072] The distributed variable-speed pumped storage operation constraint construction unit is used to construct the following distributed variable-speed pumped storage operation constraints:

[0073]

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] In the above formula, , These represent the pumping and power generation status of the i-th distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the i-th distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , , , These are the minimum pumping power, maximum pumping power, minimum power generation, and maximum power generation of a single distributed variable speed pumped storage unit, respectively.

[0077] The existing pumped storage power station corresponding reservoir capacity constraint construction unit (14) is used to construct the following existing pumped storage power station corresponding reservoir capacity constraints:

[0078]

[0079]

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] In the above formula, , Let represent the water storage of the upper and lower reservoirs of the i-th existing reservoir during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , Let be the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th existing upper reservoir, respectively. , Let be the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th existing reservoir, respectively. , These are the conversion coefficients between power generation, pumping power, and flow rate of the pumped storage unit, respectively. The duration of each time period;

[0083] The newly constructed distributed variable-speed pumped storage reservoir capacity constraint construction unit is used to construct the following reservoir capacity constraints for the newly constructed distributed variable-speed pumped storage:

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] In the above formula, Let be the water storage capacity of the i-th newly built upper reservoir during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , Let be the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th newly built upper reservoir, respectively;

[0087] The battery energy storage and thermal power unit operation constraint construction unit is used to construct the following battery energy storage and thermal power unit operation constraints:

[0088]

[0089]

[0090]

[0091]

[0092]

[0093]

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] In the above formula, Let i be the state of charge of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These are the charging and discharging efficiencies of battery energy storage, respectively. The rated capacity of the i-th battery group is... , These are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the battery's state of charge, respectively. , These represent the charging and discharging states of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the charging and discharging power of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the maximum charging and discharging power of the i-th battery group, respectively. This represents the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th thermal power unit during time period t under the s-th operating scenario. Let i be the power generation capacity of the i-th thermal power unit in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , Let be the minimum and maximum output of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively, and let be the start-stop state variables of the i-th thermal power unit during time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , These are the uphill and downhill ramp rates of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively. , These are the maximum uphill and downhill climbing speeds of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively;

[0097] The power balance and power flow constraint construction unit is used to construct the following power balance and power flow constraints:

[0098]

[0099]

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] In the above formula, , , These represent the power generation of the nth wind power, photovoltaic, and thermal power unit nodes in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , , , , , , Let represent the set of nodes containing wind turbines, photovoltaic power units, thermal power units, battery energy storage, constant-speed pumped storage units, variable-speed pumped storage units, and loads, and let represent the system's elastic load and its maximum value. , Let n be the charging and discharging power of the nth battery energy storage node in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the node where the nth constant-speed pumped storage unit is located during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the node containing the nth distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the sth operating scenario. For the power flow of the l-th transmission line in time period t under the s-th operating scenario, , These are the start and end points of the l-th transmission line, respectively. , These represent the load and load shedding of the nth node in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. Let the admittance of the l-th candidate transmission line be . , These are the voltage phase angles at the start and end points of the l-th candidate transmission line in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. For the set of candidate transmission lines, Let be the construction status variable for the candidate transmission line. If the l-th candidate transmission line is constructed, then... =1, otherwise =0, Let L be the capacity of the l-th candidate transmission line;

[0103] The load shearing constraint construction unit is used to construct the following load shearing constraints:

[0104] ;

[0105] The node voltage phase angle constraint construction unit is used to construct the following node voltage phase angle constraints:

[0106]

[0107] In the above formula, Let n be the voltage phase angle of the nth node relative to the reference node during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. Let be the voltage phase angle of the reference node during time period t in the s-th operating scenario.

[0108] A distributed variable-speed pumped storage and grid coordinated planning device includes a processor and a memory;

[0109] The memory is used to store computer program code and to transmit the computer program code to the processor;

[0110] The processor is used to execute the aforementioned distributed variable-speed pumped storage and grid collaborative planning method according to the instructions in the computer program code.

[0111] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0112] This invention presents a method for coordinated planning of distributed variable-speed pumped storage (PDS) and the power grid. First, based on source and load data from the planning area, a coordinated planning model is constructed with the objective function of minimizing the expected cost of DPS and power grid construction and operation, including large-scale renewable energy access. Then, the constructed coordinated planning model is solved to obtain the optimal DPS and power grid planning scheme. On one hand, this coordinated planning model considers the advantages of DPS, such as small capacity, low head requirement, low investment, and short construction period, fully utilizing existing water resources and forming a complementary development pattern with large and medium-sized pumped storage, thus better meeting the flexibility requirements of renewable energy output and load fluctuations. On the other hand, it reveals the influence of multiple factors, such as grid structure and water resources, on DPS planning. The proposed coordinated planning scheme for DPS and a new power system grid primarily based on renewable energy can effectively coordinate power grid construction and energy storage resources, improving the power grid's renewable energy absorption capacity. Attached Figure Description

[0113] Figure 1 This is a framework diagram of the planning system described in Example 2.

[0114] Figure 2 This is a framework diagram of the planning equipment described in Example 3. Detailed Implementation

[0115] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0116] This invention focuses on the collaborative planning requirements between distributed variable-speed pumped storage and the power grid. Based on the analysis of the differences in the operating characteristics of constant-speed and variable-speed pumped storage, it considers factors such as the site selection, terrain requirements, water resource size, social / environmental benefits, and construction costs of multiple distributed variable-speed pumped storage projects. It also takes into account the transmission capacity limitations of the power grid and the specific requirements of the control indicators for wind and solar power curtailment. Guided by the actual requirements of various types of loads in the future, a collaborative planning model for distributed variable-speed pumped storage and the power grid is proposed and solved.

[0117] Example 1:

[0118] The power grid system studied in this embodiment includes the grid structure, wind turbines, photovoltaic power generation devices, battery energy storage, constant-speed pumped storage, distributed variable-speed pumped storage, and thermal power units. The installed capacity of newly built variable-speed pumped storage units ranges from 0 to 100 MW. The basic concept is as follows: wind turbines and photovoltaic power generation systems, and thermal power generating units are connected to the electrical load, other grid nodes, constant-speed and variable-speed pumped storage units, and battery energy storage via power supply lines. When there is a surplus of energy supplied to the electrical load and other grid nodes by new energy sources, the electricity generated by the wind turbines and photovoltaic power generation systems can drive the constant-speed and variable-speed pumped storage units to operate as pumps, storing electrical energy for use when needed.

[0119] A method for coordinated planning of distributed variable-speed pumped storage and power grid is proposed, which proceeds in the following steps:

[0120] 1. Based on source and load data of the planning area, a collaborative planning model with large-scale new energy access is constructed, with the objective function being the minimum expected cost of distributed variable-speed pumped storage and grid construction and operation. The objective function of the collaborative planning model is:

[0121] In the above formula, The investment costs for new power lines, distributed variable speed pumped storage units, and reservoirs. This is the annual investment conversion factor. Let be the probability of the s-th running scenario. , For the number of running scenarios, , , , , , These represent the coal consumption cost, start-up and shutdown cost, load shedding cost, battery degradation cost, wind curtailment cost, and solar curtailment cost for the s-th operating scenario, respectively. , , The maintenance costs are for fixed-speed pumped storage units, distributed variable-speed pumped storage units, and reservoirs, respectively.

[0122] The constraints of the objective function include:

[0123] Constraints of constant-speed pumped storage operation:

[0124]

[0125]

[0126]

[0127] In the above formula, , These represent the pumping and power generation states of the i-th constant-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation of the i-th constant-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , , These are the rated pumping power, minimum generating power, and maximum generating power of a single constant-speed pumped storage unit, respectively.

[0128] Distributed variable-speed pumped storage operation constraints:

[0129]

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] In the above formula, , These represent the pumping and power generation status of the i-th distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the i-th distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , , , These are the minimum pumping power, maximum pumping power, minimum power generation, and maximum power generation of a single distributed variable speed pumped storage unit.

[0133] Existing pumped storage power stations have corresponding reservoir capacity constraints:

[0134] Assuming the newly constructed distributed variable-speed pumped storage system utilizes a local river as its lower reservoir.

[0135]

[0136]

[0137]

[0138]

[0139] In the above formula, , Let represent the water storage of the upper and lower reservoirs of the i-th existing reservoir during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , Let be the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th existing upper reservoir, respectively. , Let be the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th existing reservoir, respectively. , These are the conversion coefficients between power generation, pumping power, and flow rate of the pumped storage unit, respectively. The duration of each time period.

[0140] Reservoir capacity constraints for newly constructed distributed variable-speed pumped storage:

[0141]

[0142]

[0143] In the above formula, Let be the water storage capacity of the i-th newly built upper reservoir during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These are the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th newly built upper reservoir, respectively.

[0144] Battery energy storage operation constraints:

[0145]

[0146]

[0147]

[0148]

[0149]

[0150] In the above formula, Let i be the state of charge of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These are the charging and discharging efficiencies of battery energy storage, respectively. The rated capacity of the i-th battery group is... , These are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the battery's state of charge, respectively. , These represent the charging and discharging states of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the charging and discharging power of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These are the maximum charging and discharging power of the i-th battery group, respectively;

[0151] Thermal power unit operating constraints:

[0152]

[0153]

[0154]

[0155] In the above formula, This represents the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th thermal power unit during time period t under the s-th operating scenario. Let i be the power generation capacity of the i-th thermal power unit in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , Let be the minimum and maximum output of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively, and let be the start-stop state variables of the i-th thermal power unit during time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , These are the uphill and downhill ramp rates of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively. , These represent the maximum uphill and downhill climbing speeds of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively.

[0156] Power balance constraints:

[0157] In the above formula, , , These represent the power generation of the nth wind power, photovoltaic, and thermal power unit nodes in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , , , , , , Let represent the set of nodes containing wind turbines, photovoltaic power units, thermal power units, battery energy storage, constant-speed pumped storage units, variable-speed pumped storage units, and loads, and let represent the system's elastic load and its maximum value. , Let n be the charging and discharging power of the nth battery energy storage node in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the node where the nth constant-speed pumped storage unit is located during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the node containing the nth distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the sth operating scenario. For the power flow of the l-th transmission line in time period t under the s-th operating scenario, , These are the start and end points of the l-th transmission line, respectively. , These represent the load and load shedding of the nth node in time period t under the s-th operating scenario;

[0158] Current constraints:

[0159]

[0160]

[0161]

[0162]

[0163] In the above formula, Let the admittance of the l-th candidate transmission line be . , These are the voltage phase angles at the start and end points of the l-th candidate transmission line in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. For the set of candidate transmission lines, Let be the construction status variable for the candidate transmission line. If the l-th candidate transmission line is constructed, then... =1, otherwise =0, Let L be the capacity of the l-th candidate transmission line;

[0164] Shear load constraint:

[0165]

[0166] Node voltage phase angle constraints:

[0167]

[0168] In the above formula, Let n be the voltage phase angle of the nth node relative to the reference node during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. Let be the voltage phase angle of the reference node during time period t in the s-th operating scenario.

[0169] 2. First, the bilinear part of the collaborative planning model is relaxed using a convex optimization method. Then, the relaxed collaborative planning model is solved using a mixed integer linear programming solver to obtain the optimal distributed variable speed pumped storage and power grid planning scheme.

[0170] This embodiment yields two optimal planning schemes: one considering the construction of a new variable-speed pumped-storage system, and the other considering the construction of a new constant-speed pumped-storage system. The total installed capacities of the two schemes are 208MW and 316MW, respectively, with total system costs of 258.33 × 10⁻⁶ MW and 258.33 × 10⁻⁶ MW, respectively. 8 Yuanhe364.93×10 8Distributed variable-speed pumped storage units can more flexibly adjust their power to absorb renewable energy, enabling rapid response to power shortages during peak electricity demand periods, thereby reducing the output of thermal power units and the frequency of battery charging and discharging. In contrast, fixed-speed pumped storage units, due to their inherent limitations, have a constant pumping power output at startup. When absorbing the same level of renewable energy fluctuations, fixed-speed units are less effective and rely more heavily on thermal power output and battery charging and discharging to compensate for power shortages compared to variable-speed units. This leads to additional thermal power plant maintenance costs and battery degradation costs, reducing the economic viability of the planned solution.

[0171] Example 2:

[0172] like Figure 1 As shown, a distributed variable-speed pumped storage and power grid collaborative planning system includes a collaborative planning model construction module 1 and a collaborative planning model solving module 2. The collaborative planning model construction module 1 is used to construct a collaborative planning model with large-scale new energy access based on source and load data of the planning area, with the objective function being the minimum expected cost of distributed variable-speed pumped storage and power grid construction and operation. The model includes an objective function construction unit 11, a constant-speed pumped storage operation constraint construction unit 12, a distributed variable-speed pumped storage operation constraint construction unit 13, a reservoir capacity constraint construction unit 14 corresponding to existing pumped storage power stations, a reservoir capacity constraint construction unit 15 for newly built distributed variable-speed pumped storage, a battery energy storage and thermal power unit operation constraint construction unit 16, a power balance and power flow constraint construction unit 17, a load shedding constraint construction unit 18, and a node voltage phase angle constraint construction unit 19.

[0173] The objective function construction unit 11 is used to construct the following objective function:

[0174] In the above formula, The investment costs for new power lines, distributed variable speed pumped storage units, and reservoirs. This is the annual investment conversion factor. Let be the probability of the s-th running scenario. , For the number of running scenarios, , , , , , These represent the coal consumption cost, start-up and shutdown cost, load shedding cost, battery degradation cost, wind curtailment cost, and solar curtailment cost for the s-th operating scenario, respectively. , , The maintenance costs are for fixed-speed pumped storage units, distributed variable-speed pumped storage units, and reservoirs, respectively.

[0175] The constant-speed pumped storage operation constraint construction unit 12 is used to construct the following constant-speed pumped storage operation constraints:

[0176]

[0177]

[0178]

[0179] In the above formula, , These represent the pumping and power generation states of the i-th constant-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation of the i-th constant-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , , These are the rated pumping power, minimum generating power, and maximum generating power of a single constant-speed pumped storage unit, respectively.

[0180] The distributed variable-speed pumped storage operation constraint construction unit 13 is used to construct the following distributed variable-speed pumped storage operation constraints:

[0181]

[0182]

[0183]

[0184] In the above formula, , These represent the pumping and power generation status of the i-th distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the i-th distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , , , These are the minimum pumping power, maximum pumping power, minimum power generation, and maximum power generation of a single distributed variable speed pumped storage unit.

[0185] The existing pumped storage power station corresponding reservoir capacity constraint construction unit 14 is used to construct the following existing pumped storage power station corresponding reservoir capacity constraints:

[0186]

[0187]

[0188]

[0189]

[0190] In the above formula, , Let represent the water storage of the upper and lower reservoirs of the i-th existing reservoir during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , Let be the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th existing upper reservoir, respectively. , Let be the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th existing reservoir, respectively. , These are the conversion coefficients between power generation, pumping power, and flow rate of the pumped storage unit, respectively. The duration of each time period.

[0191] The newly constructed distributed variable-speed pumped storage reservoir capacity constraint construction unit 15 is used to construct the following reservoir capacity constraints for the newly constructed distributed variable-speed pumped storage:

[0192]

[0193]

[0194] In the above formula, Let be the water storage capacity of the i-th newly built upper reservoir during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These are the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th newly built upper reservoir, respectively.

[0195] The battery energy storage and thermal power unit operation constraint construction unit 16 is used to construct the following battery energy storage and thermal power unit operation constraints:

[0196]

[0197]

[0198]

[0199]

[0200]

[0201]

[0202]

[0203]

[0204] In the above formula, Let i be the state of charge of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These are the charging and discharging efficiencies of battery energy storage, respectively. The rated capacity of the i-th battery group is... , These are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the battery's state of charge, respectively. , These represent the charging and discharging states of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the charging and discharging power of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the maximum charging and discharging power of the i-th battery group, respectively. This represents the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th thermal power unit during time period t under the s-th operating scenario. Let i be the power generation capacity of the i-th thermal power unit in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , Let be the minimum and maximum output of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively, and let be the start-stop state variables of the i-th thermal power unit during time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , These are the uphill and downhill ramp rates of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively. , These represent the maximum uphill and downhill climbing speeds of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively.

[0205] The power balance and power flow constraint construction unit 17 is used to construct the following power balance and power flow constraints:

[0206]

[0207]

[0208]

[0209]

[0210] In the above formula, , , These represent the power generation of the nth wind power, photovoltaic, and thermal power unit nodes in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , , , , , , Let represent the set of nodes containing wind turbines, photovoltaic power units, thermal power units, battery energy storage, constant-speed pumped storage units, variable-speed pumped storage units, and loads, and let represent the system's elastic load and its maximum value. , Let n be the charging and discharging power of the nth battery energy storage node in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the node where the nth constant-speed pumped storage unit is located during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the node containing the nth distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the sth operating scenario. For the power flow of the l-th transmission line in time period t under the s-th operating scenario, , These are the start and end points of the l-th transmission line, respectively. , These represent the load and load shedding of the nth node in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. Let the admittance of the l-th candidate transmission line be . , These are the voltage phase angles at the start and end points of the l-th candidate transmission line in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. For the set of candidate transmission lines, Let be the construction status variable for the candidate transmission line. If the l-th candidate transmission line is constructed, then... =1, otherwise =0, Let be the capacity of the l-th candidate transmission line.

[0211] The load shearing constraint construction unit 18 is used to construct the following load shearing constraints:

[0212] .

[0213] The node voltage phase angle constraint construction unit 19 is used to construct the following node voltage phase angle constraints:

[0214]

[0215] In the above formula, Let n be the voltage phase angle of the nth node relative to the reference node during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. Let be the voltage phase angle of the reference node during time period t in the s-th operating scenario.

[0216] The collaborative planning model solving module 2 is used to solve the constructed collaborative planning model to obtain the optimal distributed variable speed pumped storage and power grid collaborative planning scheme.

[0217] Example 3:

[0218] like Figure 2 As shown, a distributed variable-speed pumped storage and grid collaborative planning device includes a processor 31 and a memory 32. The memory 32 is used to store computer program code 33 and transmit the computer program code 33 to the processor 31. The processor 31 is used to execute the distributed variable-speed pumped storage and grid collaborative planning method described in Embodiment 1 according to the instructions in the computer program code 33.

[0219] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The solutions in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in various computer languages, such as the object-oriented programming language Java and the interpreted scripting language JavaScript.

[0220] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0221] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0222] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0223] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0224] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for coordinated planning of distributed variable-speed pumped storage and power grid, characterized in that, The planning method includes: Step A: Based on the source and load data of the planning area, construct a collaborative planning model with large-scale new energy access, with the objective function of minimizing the expected cost of distributed variable-speed pumped storage and grid construction and operation. The objective function of the collaborative planning model is: ； In the above formula, The investment costs for new power lines, distributed variable speed pumped storage units, and reservoirs. This is the annual investment conversion factor. Let be the probability of the s-th running scenario. , For the number of running scenarios, , , , , , These represent the coal consumption cost, start-up and shutdown cost, load shedding cost, battery degradation cost, wind curtailment cost, and solar curtailment cost for the s-th operating scenario, respectively. , , The maintenance costs are respectively for constant-speed pumped storage units, distributed variable-speed pumped storage units, and reservoirs; Step B: Solve the constructed collaborative planning model to obtain the optimal distributed variable-speed pumped storage and power grid planning scheme, including: The bilinear part of the collaborative planning model is relaxed using a convex optimization method. The relaxed collaborative planning model is then solved using a mixed-integer linear programming solver to obtain the optimal distributed variable-speed pumped storage and power grid planning scheme.

2. The method for coordinated planning of distributed variable-speed pumped storage and power grid as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The constraints of the collaborative planning model include: Constraints of constant-speed pumped storage operation: ； ； ； In the above formula, , These represent the pumping and power generation states of the i-th constant-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation of the i-th constant-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , , These are the rated pumping power, minimum generating power, and maximum generating power of a single constant-speed pumped storage unit, respectively. Distributed variable-speed pumped storage operation constraints: ； ； ； In the above formula, , These represent the pumping and power generation status of the i-th distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the i-th distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , , , These are the minimum pumping power, maximum pumping power, minimum power generation, and maximum power generation of a single distributed variable speed pumped storage unit, respectively. Existing pumped storage power stations have corresponding reservoir capacity constraints: ； ； ； ； In the above formula, , Let represent the water storage of the upper and lower reservoirs of the i-th existing reservoir during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , Let be the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th existing upper reservoir, respectively. , Let be the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th existing reservoir, respectively. , These are the conversion coefficients between power generation, pumping power, and flow rate of the pumped storage unit, respectively. The duration of each time period; Reservoir capacity constraints for newly constructed distributed variable-speed pumped storage: ； ； In the above formula, Let be the water storage capacity of the i-th newly built upper reservoir during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These are the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th newly built upper reservoir, respectively.

3. The method for coordinated planning of distributed variable-speed pumped storage and power grid according to claim 2, characterized in that, The constraints of the collaborative programming model also include: Battery energy storage operation constraints: ； ； ； ； ； In the above formula, Let i be the state of charge of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These are the charging and discharging efficiencies of battery energy storage, respectively. The rated capacity of the i-th battery group is... , These are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the battery's state of charge, respectively. , These represent the charging and discharging states of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the charging and discharging power of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These are the maximum charging and discharging power of the i-th battery group, respectively; Thermal power unit operating constraints: ； ； ； In the above formula, This represents the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th thermal power unit during time period t under the s-th operating scenario. Let i be the power generation capacity of the i-th thermal power unit in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , Let be the minimum and maximum output of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively, and let be the start-stop state variables of the i-th thermal power unit during time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , These are the uphill and downhill ramp rates of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively. , These represent the maximum uphill and downhill climbing speeds of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively.

4. The method for coordinated planning of distributed variable-speed pumped storage and power grid according to claim 2, characterized in that, The constraints of the collaborative programming model also include: Power balance constraints: ； In the above formula, , , These represent the power generation of the nth wind power, photovoltaic, and thermal power unit nodes in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , , , , , , Let represent the set of nodes containing wind turbines, photovoltaic power units, thermal power units, battery energy storage, constant-speed pumped storage units, variable-speed pumped storage units, and loads, and let represent the system's elastic load and its maximum value. , Let n be the charging and discharging power of the nth battery energy storage node in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the node where the nth constant-speed pumped storage unit is located during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the node containing the nth distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the sth operating scenario. For the power flow of the l-th transmission line in time period t under the s-th operating scenario, , These are the start and end points of the l-th transmission line, respectively. , These represent the load and load shedding of the nth node in time period t under the s-th operating scenario; Current constraints: ； ； ； ； In the above formula, Let the admittance of the l-th candidate transmission line be . , These are the voltage phase angles at the start and end points of the l-th candidate transmission line in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. For the set of candidate transmission lines, Let be the construction status variable for the candidate transmission line. If the l-th candidate transmission line is constructed, then... =1, otherwise =0, Let L be the capacity of the l-th candidate transmission line; Shear load constraint: ； Node voltage phase angle constraints: ； In the above formula, Let n be the voltage phase angle of the nth node relative to the reference node during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. Let be the voltage phase angle of the reference node during time period t in the s-th operating scenario.

5. A distributed variable-speed pumped storage and grid coordinated planning system, characterized in that, Includes a collaborative planning model construction module (1) and a collaborative planning model solution module (2); The collaborative planning model construction module (1) is used to construct a collaborative planning model with large-scale new energy access based on the source and load data of the planning area, with the objective function being the minimum expected cost of distributed variable speed pumped storage and power grid construction and operation. It includes an objective function construction unit (11). The objective function construction unit (11) is used to construct the following objective function: ； In the above formula, The investment costs for new power lines, distributed variable speed pumped storage units, and reservoirs. This is the annual investment conversion factor. Let be the probability of the s-th running scenario. , For the number of running scenarios, , , , , , These represent the coal consumption cost, start-up and shutdown cost, load shedding cost, battery degradation cost, wind curtailment cost, and solar curtailment cost for the s-th operating scenario, respectively. , , The maintenance costs are respectively for constant-speed pumped storage units, distributed variable-speed pumped storage units, and reservoirs; The collaborative planning model solving module (2) is used to solve the constructed collaborative planning model to obtain the optimal distributed variable-speed pumped storage and power grid collaborative planning scheme. The specific implementation of this model includes: The bilinear part of the collaborative planning model is relaxed using a convex optimization method. The relaxed collaborative planning model is then solved using a mixed-integer linear programming solver to obtain the optimal distributed variable-speed pumped storage and power grid planning scheme.

6. A distributed variable-speed pumped storage and grid coordinated planning system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The collaborative planning model construction module (1) also includes a constant-speed pumped storage operation constraint construction unit (12), a distributed variable-speed pumped storage operation constraint construction unit (13), a reservoir capacity constraint construction unit (14) corresponding to existing pumped storage power stations, and a reservoir capacity constraint construction unit (15) for newly built distributed variable-speed pumped storage. The constant-speed pumped storage operation constraint construction unit (12) is used to construct the following constant-speed pumped storage operation constraints: ； ； ； In the above formula, , These represent the pumping and power generation states of the i-th constant-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation of the i-th constant-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , , These are the rated pumping power, minimum generating power, and maximum generating power of a single constant-speed pumped storage unit, respectively. The distributed variable-speed pumped storage operation constraint construction unit (13) is used to construct the following distributed variable-speed pumped storage operation constraints: ； ； ； In the above formula, , These represent the pumping and power generation status of the i-th distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the i-th distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , , , These are the minimum pumping power, maximum pumping power, minimum power generation, and maximum power generation of a single distributed variable speed pumped storage unit, respectively. The existing pumped storage power station corresponding reservoir capacity constraint construction unit (14) is used to construct the following existing pumped storage power station corresponding reservoir capacity constraints: ； ； ； ； In the above formula, , Let represent the water storage of the upper and lower reservoirs of the i-th existing reservoir during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , Let be the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th existing upper reservoir, respectively. , Let be the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th existing reservoir, respectively. , These are the conversion coefficients between power generation, pumping power, and flow rate of the pumped storage unit, respectively. The duration of each time period; The newly constructed distributed variable-speed pumped storage reservoir capacity constraint construction unit (15) is used to construct the following reservoir capacity constraints for the newly constructed distributed variable-speed pumped storage: ； ； In the above formula, Let be the water storage capacity of the i-th newly built upper reservoir during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These are the minimum and maximum water storage capacities of the i-th newly built upper reservoir, respectively.

7. A distributed variable-speed pumped storage and grid coordinated planning system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The collaborative planning model construction module (1) also includes a battery energy storage and thermal power unit operation constraint construction unit (16), a power balance and power flow constraint construction unit (17), a load shedding constraint construction unit (18), and a node voltage phase angle constraint construction unit (19). The battery energy storage and thermal power unit operation constraint construction unit (16) is used to construct the following battery energy storage and thermal power unit operation constraints: ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； In the above formula, Let i be the state of charge of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These are the charging and discharging efficiencies of battery energy storage, respectively. The rated capacity of the i-th battery group is... , These are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the battery's state of charge, respectively. , These represent the charging and discharging states of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the charging and discharging power of the i-th battery group during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the maximum charging and discharging power of the i-th battery group, respectively. This represents the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th thermal power unit during time period t under the s-th operating scenario. Let i be the power generation capacity of the i-th thermal power unit in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , Let be the minimum and maximum output of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively, and let be the start-stop state variables of the i-th thermal power unit during time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , These are the uphill and downhill ramp rates of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively. , These are the maximum uphill and downhill climbing speeds of the i-th thermal power unit, respectively; The power balance and power flow constraint building unit (17) is used to build the following power balance and power flow constraints: ； ； ； ； ； In the above formula, , , These represent the power generation of the nth wind power, photovoltaic, and thermal power unit nodes in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , , , , , , Let represent the set of nodes containing wind turbines, photovoltaic power units, thermal power units, battery energy storage, constant-speed pumped storage units, variable-speed pumped storage units, and loads, and let represent the system's elastic load and its maximum value. , Let n be the charging and discharging power of the nth battery energy storage node in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the node where the nth constant-speed pumped storage unit is located during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. , These represent the pumping and power generation capacities of the node containing the nth distributed variable-speed pumped storage unit during time period t in the sth operating scenario. For the power flow of the l-th transmission line in time period t under the s-th operating scenario, , These are the start and end points of the l-th transmission line, respectively. , These represent the load and load shedding of the nth node in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. Let the admittance of the l-th candidate transmission line be . , These are the voltage phase angles at the start and end points of the l-th candidate transmission line in time period t under the s-th operating scenario. For the set of candidate transmission lines, Let be the construction status variable for the candidate transmission line. If the l-th candidate transmission line is constructed, then... =1, otherwise =0, Let L be the capacity of the l-th candidate transmission line; The load shearing constraint construction unit (18) is used to construct the following load shearing constraints: ； The node voltage phase angle constraint construction unit (19) is used to construct the following node voltage phase angle constraints: ； In the above formula, Let n be the voltage phase angle of the nth node relative to the reference node during time period t in the s-th operating scenario. Let be the voltage phase angle of the reference node during time period t in the s-th operating scenario.

8. A distributed variable-speed pumped storage and grid coordinated planning device, characterized in that, Includes a processor (31) and a memory (32); The memory (32) is used to store computer program code (33) and transmit the computer program code (33) to the processor (31). The processor (31) is used to execute the distributed variable speed pumped storage and grid collaborative planning method according to any one of claims 1-4 according to the instructions in the computer program code (33).

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