Article based on textured glass

Abstract

Described herein are textured glass-based articles. The textured glass-based articles can include a glass-based substrate including a first major surface and a second major surface. At least a portion of one or both of the first major surface and the second major surface is textured, wherein the textured portion of one or both of the first major surface and the second major surface can have a sparkle of less than or equal to 5% at 140 ppi and an un-coupled image sharpness of at least 78%. Also described herein are methods of making such articles.

Description

[0001] Priority requirements

[0002] This application claims priority to PCT application series PCT / US2022 / 041141, filed August 23, 2022, which claims priority to Chinese patent application series 202111445595.8, filed November 30, 2021, and also claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 236,925, filed August 25, 2021, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Background Technology Technical Field

[0004] This specification generally relates to articles based on textured glass, and more specifically, to articles based on textured glass that can be used in mobile electronic devices. Technical Background

[0006] Portable electronic devices (e.g., smartphones, tablets, and wearable devices such as watches and fitness trackers) use glass-based materials. For example, the screens on such portable electronic devices can be made of glass-based materials. Optical properties related to good screen visibility are often sought. Coatings or other surface treatments can be used to strengthen glass materials. However, existing glass-based materials have optical limitations.

[0007] Therefore, there is a need for glass-based materials with different optical properties and methods for producing such materials. This disclosure addresses this need, as well as other needs. Summary of the Invention

[0008] According to one or more embodiments, an article based on textured glass may include a glass-based substrate comprising a first main surface and a second main surface. The first main surface is opposite to the second main surface. At least a portion of one or both of the first and second main surfaces may be textured. The textured portion of one or both of the first and second main surfaces may have: less than or equal to 5% glitter at 140 ppi, and at least 78% uncoupled image sharpness.

[0009] According to another embodiment, a consumer electronic product may include a housing, electronic components, and a cover substrate. The housing has a front surface, a back surface, and side surfaces. The electronic components may be at least partially provided within the housing, and the electronic components include at least a controller, memory, and a display, the display being provided at or adjacent to the front surface of the housing. The cover substrate may be disposed above the display. At least a portion of at least one of the housing and the cover substrate may include a textured glass-based article of form, comprising a glass-based substrate including a first main surface and a second main surface. The first main surface is opposite to the second main surface. At least a portion of one or both of the first and second main surfaces may be textured. The textured portion of one or both of the first and second main surfaces may have: less than or equal to 5% glitter at 140 ppi, and at least 78% uncoupled image sharpness.

[0010] According to another embodiment, an article based on textured glass can be manufactured by: abrading the surface of a glass-based substrate by pushing abrasive particles toward a surface to form an abraded surface; and etching the abraded surface with an etchant to form a substrate based on etched glass. The surface of the glass-based substrate can be abraded with an abrasive medium having an average diameter of less than or equal to 3 micrometers.

[0011] Additional features and advantages are set forth in the following detailed description, some of which will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the description made, or will be recognized by practicing the embodiments described herein, including the following detailed description, the claims and the accompanying drawings.

[0012] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description both depict various embodiments and are intended to provide an overall assessment or framework for understanding the nature and characteristics of the claimed subject matter. The included drawings provide a further understanding of the various embodiments and are incorporated in and form a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate the various embodiments described herein in graphic form and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles and operation of the claimed subject matter. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 The illustration shows a cross-sectional view of a texturized glass article according to one or more embodiments described herein;

[0014] Figure 2A This is a plan view of an exemplary electronic device incorporating a glass-based article according to one or more embodiments described herein;

[0015] Figure 2BIt is based on one or more embodiments described herein. Figure 2A A perspective view of an exemplary electronic device;

[0016] Figures 3A-3C The illustrations depict glass-based substrates according to one or more embodiments described herein, in abrasive and etched states with various sandblasting media and pressures.

[0017] Figures 4A-4D Displaying scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of abraded glass samples according to one or more embodiments described herein;

[0018] Figures 5A-5D This illustrates one or more embodiments described herein. Figures 4A-4C A cross-sectional view of the image;

[0019] Figure 6 The abrasion depth of various samples according to one or more embodiments described herein is shown, wherein the unit of the y-axis is nanometers;

[0020] Figures 7A-7D Displaying scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of abraded and etched glass samples according to one or more embodiments described herein; and

[0021] Figure 8 The diagram schematically illustrates a manufacturing process flow chart of a glass-based article according to one or more embodiments described herein. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Reference will now be made specifically to articles based on textured glass according to various embodiments. Specifically, articles based on textured glass are suitable for use as display covers and / or housings in portable electronic devices. Articles based on textured glass can simultaneously possess low flicker and high image sharpness, a combination that may be desirable for applications such as portable electronic devices. This combination of low flicker and high image sharpness may be desirable compared to articles based on conventional glass, where a trade-off between low flicker and high image sharpness is typically present.

[0023] The embodiments described herein can be formed through a process involving the abrasion (sometimes sandblasting) of a glass-based substrate followed by etching. As described herein, by employing specific sandblasting media size, pressure (or both), a particular combination of image sharpness and brilliance can be provided. Specifically, smaller sandblasting media can contribute to smaller surface features. Furthermore, higher pressure sandblasting can contribute to a more uniform surface coverage after etching. These physical properties can all affect brilliance and image sharpness, as well as other properties (e.g., haze).

[0024] In the following description, the same reference numerals denote similar or corresponding portions in several views shown in the accompanying drawings. It should also be understood that, unless otherwise specified, terms such as “top,” “bottom,” “outward,” “inward,” etc., are convenience terms and do not constitute limitations on the terminology. Whenever a group is described as consisting of at least one element from a set of elements or a combination thereof, it should be understood that the group may consist of any number of these listed elements, either individually or in combination. Unless otherwise stated, the listed numerical ranges include both the upper and lower limits of the ranges, as well as any range between them. Unless otherwise stated, the indefinite article “a” or “an” and its corresponding definite article “the” as used herein mean “at least one” or “one or more”. It should also be understood that the various features disclosed in the specification and drawings can be used in any and all combinations.

[0025] Unless otherwise stated, all components of the glass described herein are expressed as mole percentages (mol%), and the composition is based on oxides. Unless otherwise stated, all temperatures are expressed in degrees Celsius (°C). Whether expressly stated before or after the disclosure of the scope, all scopes disclosed in this specification include any and all scopes and subscopes encompassed by the broadly disclosed scope.

[0026] It is important to note that the terms “substantially” and “about” are used herein to indicate the degree of inherent uncertainty that may arise from any quantitative comparison, numerical value, measurement, or other method of representation. These terms are also used herein to indicate that the expressed value of a quantity may deviate to a certain extent from the stated reference value, but this does not alter the fundamental function of the subject matter under consideration. As used herein, when the term “about” is used to modify a numerical value, a specific numerical value is also disclosed.

[0027] The textured articles described herein are glass-based. As used herein, the term "glass-based" means any article containing glass (e.g., glass or glass-ceramic materials). For example, a glass-based article may be a laminated material, wherein at least one layer of the laminate contains glass or glass-ceramic.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the glass-based article 100 may include a body 110, a first main surface 102, and a second main surface 104. The glass-based article 100 may also include an edge 106. Wherein, as Figure 1As schematically shown, the glass-based article 100 is a sheet material, with a first main surface 102 potentially opposite a second main surface 104, and both being substantially flat. The thickness of the glass-based article 100 can be measured between the first main surface 102 and the second main surface 104. In the embodiments described herein, at least a portion of one or both of the first main surface 102 or the second main surface 104 is textured, as detailed herein. In other embodiments, the edge 106 may be textured; however, generally, the optical properties altered by texturing on the edge of the glass sheet are not measured, so in many embodiments, the edge 106 is not textured. According to embodiments, any one or more of the first main surface 102, the second main surface 104, or the edge 106 are entirely textured (wherein, in Figure 1 No texturing is clearly visible in the original text because texturing features are typically very small and undetectable to the human eye. In other embodiments, only a portion of any one or more of the first main surface 102, the second main surface 104, or the edge 106 is texturized.

[0029] In one or more embodiments, the textured surface is not coated with an optical coating. It should be understood that while some coatings can be employed to produce the flash and image sharpness properties disclosed herein, the embodiments disclosed herein do not include an optical coating. As described herein, optical coatings significantly affect the optical properties of glass-based substrates.

[0030] In one or more other embodiments, the textured surface is coated. Exemplary coatings include antireflective coatings and / or anti-fingerprint coatings, sometimes referred to as easy-clean or anti-fouling coatings. Antireflective coatings may include, but are not limited to, layers of material having alternating or varying refractive indices (e.g., refractive index gradients). Easy-clean coatings may include, but are not limited to, fluoroalkylsilanes, perfluoropolyether alkoxysilanes, perfluoroalkylalkoxysilanes, fluoroalkylsilane-(fluoroalkylsilane-free) copolymers, and mixtures of fluoroalkylsilanes. Coatings can be applied using known processes based on the desired coating, such as chemical vapor deposition (“CVD”), physical vapor deposition (“PVD”), thermal evaporation, or atomic layer deposition (ALD), as will be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0031] The textured glass-based article 100 disclosed herein (freshly formed or after ion exchange) can be integrated into another article, such as an article having a display (or display article) (e.g., consumer electronics, including mobile phones, tablets, computers, and navigation systems), architectural articles, transportation articles (e.g., vehicles, trains, aircraft, ships, etc.), electrical articles, or any article requiring partial transparency, scratch resistance, abrasion resistance, or a combination thereof. Exemplary articles incorporating any glass-based article as disclosed herein include... Figure 2A and 2B As shown. Specifically, Figure 2A and 2B Display consumer electronic device 200 includes: a housing 202 having a front surface 204, a back surface 206, and a side surface 208; electronic components (not shown) at least partially or entirely located within the housing and including at least a controller, memory, and a display 210 located on or adjacent to the front surface of the housing; and a cover substrate 212 located on or above the front surface of the housing, thereby positioning it above the display. In embodiments, at least a portion of at least one of the cover substrate 212 and / or the housing 202 may include any glass-based article disclosed herein.

[0032] As described above, the textured glass-based article 100 described herein can be used as a front or back cover for mobile electronic devices. The glass-based article 100 not only serves as a protective cover but also enables various functions of the mobile electronic device. For example, the textured glass-based article 100 can possess desired anti-glare properties (which improves display readability in bright ambient light), improve tactile feel, and provide a desired aesthetic appearance.

[0033] The glass-based article 100 described herein can be characterized by uncoupled image sharpness values. Terms such as "reflective image sharpness," "image sharpness," or "DOI" are defined by Method A of ASTM Protocol D5767 (ASTM 5767), entitled "Standard Test Methods for Instrumental Measurements of Distinctness-of-Image Gloss of Coating Surfaces." According to Method A of ASTM 5767, the glass reflectance factor is measured at at least one roughened surface of the glass article at a specular viewing angle and at an angle slightly deviating from the specular viewing angle. The DOI value is provided by combining the values ​​obtained through these measurements. Specifically, the DOI is calculated according to the following formula (1):

[0034] DOI = [1-R os / R s ]×100 (1)

[0035] In the formula, R s It is the relative magnitude of reflectivity in the mirror direction, while R os R is the relative magnitude of the reflectivity deviated from the mirror direction. As described herein, unless otherwise stated, R can be calculated by averaging the reflectivity obtained over an angle range of 0.2° to 0.4° from the mirror direction. os Rs can be calculated by averaging the reflectance obtained within an angle range of ±0.05° centered on the mirror direction. s and R os All measurements can be performed using a goniometric photometer (Rhopoint IQ, 20° / 60° / 85°, Rhopoint Instruments), calibrated to certified black glass standards according to ASTM protocols D523 and D5767. The Rhopoint IQ instrument uses a detector array where the specular angle is centered on the highest value within the array. A two-sided (allowing reflections from both glass surfaces with nothing coupled to the glass) approach is used to evaluate DOI, where the result is referred to as "uncoupled image sharpness." Two-sided measurements allow for the determination of gloss, reflectivity, and DOI of the glass object as a whole. [The last sentence appears to be incomplete and possibly refers to a different instrument, "Rhopoint IQ," which is not directly related to the measurement description.] s and R os The ratio R is calculated from the average value obtained. os / R s As mentioned above, "20°DOI" or "DOI 20°" refers to the DOI measurement value when light is incident on the sample at an angle of 20° away from the normal to the glass surface, as described in ASTM D5767. It is best to measure DOI or ordinary gloss using a two-sided method in a dark room or dark environment so that these property values ​​are zero when no sample is present.

[0036] In one or more embodiments, the textured portion of the glass-based article 100 may have at least 78% uncoupled image sharpness. For example, in one or more embodiments, the textured portion of the glass-based article 100 may have the following uncoupled image sharpness: at least 78%, at least 79%, at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or even at least 99%.

[0037] The glass-based article 100 described herein can also be characterized by flash. "Flash," "flash contrast," "display flash," "pixel power deviation," "PPD," or similar terms refer to the visual phenomenon present when a textured transparent surface is combined with a pixel display. Generally, the quantification of flash involves imaging using a lit display or analog display with a textured surface in the field of view. The flash calculation for area P is equal to σ(P) / μ(P), where σ(P) is the standard deviation of the integral intensity distribution of each display pixel contained within area P, divided by the average intensity μ(P). It complies with the following provisions: (1) J. Gollier et al., “Apparatus and method for determining sparkle”, US 9411180B2, U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, July 20, 2016; (2) A. Stillwell et al., “Perception of Sparkle in Anti-Glare Display Screens”, JSID 22(2), 129-136 (2014); and (3) C. Cecala et al., “Fourier Optics Modeling of Display Sparkle from Anti-Glare Cover Glass: Comparison to Experimental Data”, Optical Society of America Imaging and Applied Optics Conference, JW5B.8 (2020); those skilled in the art can construct imaging systems to quantify sparkle. Alternatively, commercially available systems can be used (e.g., SMS-1000, Display Messtechnik & Systeme GmbH & Co. KG, Germany). As used herein, a 140 PPI display is employed for flash measurement. The 140 PPI display (e.g., Z50, Lenovo Group Limited, Hong Kong) features only green subpixel emission (R=0, B=0, G=255) for imaging at full display brightness, using an f=50mm lens / mechanical imaging vision camera combination (e.g., C220503 1:2.8 50mmΦ30.5, Tamron Corporation, Japan, and Stingray F-125B, Allied Vision Technologies GmbH, Germany). The lens is set to aperture = f / 5.6, depth of field = 0.3, and working distance = approximately 290mm; with these settings, the ratio of display pixels to camera pixels is approximately 1 to 9.The field of view for analysis contains approximately 7,500 display pixels. Gain and gamma correction were disabled in the camera settings. Periodic and non-periodic intensity variations (e.g., dead pixels) were removed during the analysis process prior to flash calculation.

[0038] In one or more embodiments, the textured portion of the glass-based article 100 may have a glitter of less than or equal to 5% at 140 ppi. For example, in one or more embodiments, the textured portion of the glass-based article 100 may have a glitter of less than or equal to 5%, less than or equal to 4.75%, less than or equal to 4.5%, less than or equal to 4.25%, less than or equal to 4%, less than or equal to 3.75%, less than or equal to 3.5%, less than or equal to 3.25%, less than or equal to 3%, less than or equal to 2.75%, less than or equal to 2.5%, less than or equal to 2.25%, or even less than or equal to 2%.

[0039] Various processes (e.g., abrasion combined with etching) can be used to produce the texturized glass-based article 100 described herein. A technique combining sandblasting and etching processes can be used to produce the glass-based article 100 suitable for use as a display overlay. In some embodiments, an alkaline etchant is used for etching. In other embodiments, an acidic etchant (e.g., hydrofluoric acid) can be used for etching. However, the use of hydrofluoric acid presents significant safety and environmental concerns. Alternative techniques (e.g., those that do not employ HF acid etching) have previously exhibited long manufacturing times (slow manufacturing yields) and / or poor surface, optical, and mechanical properties.

[0040] The surface, optical, and mechanical properties of the glass-based article 100 produced by the alkaline etchant process described herein are equivalent to those produced by the HF acid etching process, while also exhibiting desirable manufacturing yield capabilities. This process can be relatively fast and produces a remarkably uniform surface. Furthermore, the process described herein does not use HF acid, thus avoiding the safety and environmental risks associated with HF acid.

[0041] While it should be understood that a wide variety of processes can be used to manufacture the textured glass-based article 100 described herein (e.g., those with higher image clarity and lower flare), this document describes in detail embodiments employing abrasion and etching.

[0042] See now Figure 8The diagram schematically illustrates a process 300 for forming such a glass-based article 100. This process may include: a pre-texturing processing step 302, an abrasion step 304, an etching step 306, and a post-texturing processing step 308. Generally, the pre-texturing processing step 302 and the post-texturing processing step 308 are optional.

[0043] In the pre-texturing processing step 302, a glass-based article may be prepared for subsequent steps. This may include dimensional adjustment or cleaning of the glass-based article. Furthermore, step 302 may include applying a masking or covering to portions of the glass-based article that do not require texturizing. Examples of suitable masking techniques and materials are found in U.S. Provisional Patent Application 63 / 236,882 (filed August 25, 2021), the teachings of which are incorporated herein by reference. In the embodiments described herein, such steps are considered optional.

[0044] In one or more embodiments, the process includes an abrasion step 304 and an etching step 306. Abrasion step 304 involves abrading the surface of a glass-based substrate by pushing abrasive particles toward the surface to form an abraded surface. Etching step 306 involves etching the abraded surface with an etchant to form an etched glass-based substrate.

[0045] In one embodiment, the abrasion process in step 304 can be a blasting process (commonly referred to as media blasting or sandblasting), wherein abrasive particles are propelled toward the surface of a glass-based substrate by a pressurized fluid medium. The abrasion process may include one or more surface treatments. In another embodiment, the abrasion process may be repeated once or multiple times to achieve the desired effect.

[0046] The abrasive process can utilize any suitable abrasive particles. In embodiments, the abrasive particles may include any of the following: sand, Al2O3, SiC, or SiO2, and combinations thereof. The particle size of the abrasive particles can be selected to produce the desired abrasive effect, as detailed below.

[0047] The abrasive process can employ any suitable pressure and arrangement. In implementation, abrasive particles can be propelled by a fluid medium with a pressure greater than or equal to 5 psi and less than or equal to 100 psi, such as 5 psi to 10 psi, 10 psi to 15 psi, 15 psi to 20 psi, 20 psi to 25 psi, 25 psi to 30 psi, 30 psi to 35 psi, 35 psi to 40 psi, 40 psi to 45 psi, 45 psi to 50 psi, 50 psi to 55 psi, 55 psi to 60 psi, 60 psi to 65 psi, 65 psi to 70 psi, 70 psi to 75 psi, 75 psi to 80 psi, 80 psi to 85 psi, 85 psi to 90 psi, 90 psi to 95 psi, 95 psi to 100 psi, or combinations thereof, including any and all ranges formed by any of the foregoing endpoints.

[0048] In this embodiment, the fluid medium propelling the abrasive particles can be air. In this embodiment, the abrasive particles are propelled from a nozzle at a distance from the surface greater than or equal to 5 cm and less than or equal to 20 cm, for example: greater than or equal to 6 cm and less than or equal to 19 cm, greater than or equal to 7 cm and less than or equal to 18 cm, greater than or equal to 8 cm and less than or equal to 17 cm, greater than or equal to 9 cm and less than or equal to 16 cm, greater than or equal to 10 cm and less than or equal to 15 cm, greater than or equal to 11 cm and less than or equal to 14 cm, greater than or equal to 12 cm and less than or equal to 13 cm, and any and all subranges formed by any of the aforementioned endpoints. The nozzle can be positioned such that the abrasive particles are propelled toward the surface of the glass-based substrate at any angle relative to the surface perpendicular, wherein a 0° angle indicates that the abrasive particles are propelled along a path perpendicular to the surface. In an embodiment, abrasive particles are pushed toward the surface of a glass-based substrate at any angle relative to the surface, ranging from greater than or equal to 0° to less than or equal to 60°, for example: greater than or equal to 5° to less than or equal to 55°, greater than or equal to 10° to less than or equal to 50°, greater than or equal to 15° to less than or equal to 45°, greater than or equal to 20° to less than or equal to 40°, greater than or equal to 25° to less than or equal to 35°, greater than or equal to 0° to less than or equal to 30°, and any and all subranges formed by any of the aforementioned endpoints.

[0049] The etching process in step 306 can be selected to achieve the desired surface removal rate. Generally, a faster etching rate is desirable because it increases manufacturing yield. However, excessively high etching rates can reduce surface uniformity and potentially create surface defects. The etching rate is a function of the composition of the etchant and the glass-based substrate. In embodiments using alkaline etchants, the surface removal rate for etching can be less than or equal to 10 μm / hour, for example: less than or equal to 9.5 μm / hour, less than or equal to 9 μm / hour, less than or equal to 8.5 μm / hour, less than or equal to 8 μm / hour, less than or equal to 7.5 μm / hour, less than or equal to 7 μm / hour, less than or equal to 6.5 μm / hour, less than or equal to 6 μm / hour, less than or equal to 5.5 μm / hour, less than or equal to 10 μm / hour, or even lower. Significantly faster rates can be obtained when using HF.

[0050] The etching process in step 306 lasts for a sufficient period of time to produce the desired surface properties, such as image sharpness and luster. In some embodiments employing alkaline etchants, the glass-based substrate remains in contact with the etchant for a period of 30 minutes or more to 400 minutes or less, for example: 30 minutes or more to 300 minutes or less, 40 minutes or more to 390 minutes or less, 50 minutes or more to 380 minutes or less, 60 minutes or more to 370 minutes or less, 70 minutes or more to 360 minutes or less, 80 minutes or more to 350 minutes or less, 90 minutes or more to 340 minutes or less, 100 minutes or more to 330 minutes or more, and 110 minutes or more to 350 minutes or less. 20 minutes, greater than or equal to 120 minutes and less than or equal to 310 minutes, greater than or equal to 130 minutes and less than or equal to 300 minutes, greater than or equal to 140 minutes and less than or equal to 290 minutes, greater than or equal to 150 minutes and less than or equal to 280 minutes, greater than or equal to 160 minutes and less than or equal to 270 minutes, greater than or equal to 170 minutes and less than or equal to 260 minutes, greater than or equal to 180 minutes and less than or equal to 250 minutes, greater than or equal to 190 minutes and less than or equal to 240 minutes, greater than or equal to 200 minutes and less than or equal to 230 minutes, greater than or equal to 210 minutes and less than or equal to 220 minutes, and any and all subranges formed by any of the aforementioned endpoints. Significantly shorter times can be used when HF is the etchant.

[0051] The etchant can have any suitable composition. In some embodiments, the etchant is an aqueous hydroxide solution with a hydroxide concentration greater than or equal to 5% by weight and less than or equal to 50% by weight, for example: greater than or equal to 10% by weight and less than or equal to 45% by weight, greater than or equal to 15% by weight and less than or equal to 40% by weight, greater than or equal to 20% by weight and less than or equal to 35% by weight, greater than or equal to 25% by weight and less than or equal to 30% by weight, and any and all subranges formed by any of the foregoing endpoints. In embodiments, the etchant includes NaOH, KOH, or combinations thereof. The etchant may be substantially free of or contain no hydrofluoric acid. In some embodiments, the glass-based article 100 as described herein is produced without the use of hydrofluoric acid.

[0052] During the etching process, the etchant can be at an elevated temperature. An elevated temperature can increase the etching rate. In embodiments, the temperature of the etchant is greater than or equal to 90°C and less than or equal to 140°C, for example: greater than or equal to 90°C and less than or equal to 132°C, greater than or equal to 95°C and less than or equal to 135°C, greater than or equal to 100°C and less than or equal to 130°C, greater than or equal to 105°C and less than or equal to 125°C, greater than or equal to 110°C and less than or equal to 120°C, greater than or equal to 90°C and less than or equal to 115°C, and any and all sub-ranges formed by the aforementioned endpoints.

[0053] The etching rate and etching time in step 306 can be selected to remove the desired amount of material from the surface of the glass-based substrate. If the amount of material removed in the etching step is too low, the desired surface properties (e.g., image sharpness and luster) may not be achieved. Removing too much material from the etched surface can increase costs and potentially reduce manufacturing yield. In embodiments, the etching process can remove a thickness greater than or equal to 5 μm and less than or equal to 50 μm from the etched surface, for example: greater than or equal to 10 μm and less than or equal to 45 μm, greater than or equal to 15 μm and less than or equal to 40 μm, greater than or equal to 20 μm and less than or equal to 35 μm, greater than or equal to 25 μm and less than or equal to 30 μm, and any and all subranges formed by the aforementioned endpoints. Unless otherwise stated, the amount of material removed from the etched surface is measured by a micrometer in the thickness direction of the glass-based article 100.

[0054] It was found that the size of the blasting medium and the blasting pressure in step 304 affect the depth of surface damage. Furthermore, the blasting pressure and length affect the density of damage obtained through blasting. Without being limited to any particular theory, it is believed that different optical properties can be obtained by adjusting the size of the blasting medium, the blasting pressure, the blasting time, or a combination thereof. Specifically, using a smaller blasting medium can produce smaller surface features in the etched surface. Furthermore, higher blasting pressure or longer blasting time can produce a more uniform surface feature coverage.

[0055] See now Figures 3A-3C The diagram schematically shows three exemplary glass-based substrates before sandblasting (left), after sandblasting (middle), and after etching (right). Figure 3A In this case, a relatively large (e.g., an average diameter of 3-15 micrometers) blasting medium (i.e., abrasive particles) with a lower blasting pressure is used. This can be represented as a comparative example. Figure 3B It represents something similar to Figure 3A The implementation method is the same, but the size of the blasting media is reduced to, for example, an average diameter of 1-3 micrometers. As shown, Figure 3B The defects in the implementation method are not Figure 3A Those are so deep. Once etched, Figure 3B The surface features of the implementation method are not Figure 3A Those are so deep. Furthermore, Figure 3C Display similar to Figure 3B The implementation method is the same, but the sandblasting pressure is increased. As shown, the increased sandblasting pressure produces more defects and, after etching, exhibits better coverage of surface features on the glass-based substrate surface.

[0056] Not bound by any particular theory, believe Figure 3B and 3C The implementation can achieve desired flash and image sharpness. Therefore, the implementation with desired flash and image sharpness can employ smaller abrasive particles in step 304, such as those with an average diameter less than or equal to 3 micrometers, for example, an average diameter of 1 to 3 micrometers. For example, the abrasive particles can have the following average diameters: 1 micrometer to 1.2 micrometers, 1.2 micrometers to 1.4 micrometers, 1.4 micrometers to 1.6 micrometers, 1.6 micrometers to 1.8 micrometers, 1.8 micrometers to 2 micrometers, 2 micrometers to 2.2 micrometers, 2.2 micrometers to 2.4 micrometers, 2.4 micrometers to 2.6 micrometers, 2.6 micrometers to 2.8 micrometers, 2.8 micrometers to 3 micrometers, or any combination of these ranges.

[0057] According to three different embodiments, the abrasive particles used in the abrasion process of step 304 can have an average diameter of 1 micrometer to 3 micrometers, and the pressure used for abrasion can be 43.5 to 87.0 psi in the first embodiment, 58 psi to 87 psi in the second embodiment, and 72.5 psi to 87 psi in the third embodiment. Different texturing effects can be achieved by employing these combinations of particle size and pressure, as discussed in the embodiments below.

[0058] Following etching step 306, an optional texturing post-processing step 308 may be performed. This step 308 may include: removing a mask (if one was used), ion-exchanging the texturized glass-based article 100, or applying a coating, as described herein. The ion-exchange step may include ion-exchanging the etched glass-based substrate with a molten salt bath to form the glass-based article 100, which includes a compressive stress layer extending from its surface to a compression depth. In one or more embodiments, this process produces a glass-based article 100 with the desired image sharpness and brilliance.

[0059] The glass-based substrate used to form the textured glass-based article 100 can have any suitable composition. The composition of the glass-based substrate affects the etching rate, as illustrated in the embodiments described herein. Selecting a glass-based substrate that exhibits a fast etching rate increases manufacturing yield.

[0060] In embodiments, the glass-based substrate may include glass-ceramics. Exemplary glass-ceramic materials are those described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2016 / 0102010A1, entitled "High Strength Glass-Ceramics Having Petalite and Lithium Silicate Structures," published April 14, 2016, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0061] In embodiments, the glass-based substrate may include alkaline aluminosilicate glasses, such as lithium aluminosilicate glasses. Exemplary lithium aluminosilicate glass materials are those described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2019 / 0300422A1, entitled "Glasses Having High Fracture Toughness," published October 3, 2019, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. In other embodiments, alkaline earth aluminosilicate glasses may be used.

[0062] In some embodiments, the glass-based substrate may include an alkaline aluminosilicate that is substantially free of lithium or free of lithium. Exemplary alkaline aluminosilicate glass materials that are substantially free of or free of lithium are those described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009 / 0142568A1, entitled "Glasses Having Improved Toughness and Scratch Resistance," published June 4, 2009; U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014 / 0227523A1, entitled "Zircon Compatible, Ion Exchangeable Glass With High Damage Resistance," published August 14, 2014; and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2011 / 0201490A1, entitled "Crack And Scratch Resistant Glass And Enclosures Made Therefrom," published August 11, 2011, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0063] In an optional ion-exchange treatment included in step 308, the etched glass-based article is contacted with a molten salt bath to produce an article based on ion-exchanged glass. In an embodiment, the etched glass-based article may be immersed in a molten salt bath. In an embodiment, the molten salt bath comprises molten nitrate. The molten nitrate may include KNO3, NaNO3, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the molten salt bath comprises both NaNO3 and KNO3. The molten salt bath may additionally contain silica.

[0064] The etched glass-based substrate can be exposed to a molten salt bath by immersing it in the bath. According to embodiments, after exposure to the etched glass-based substrate, the molten salt bath can be at a temperature greater than or equal to 350°C and less than or equal to 500°C, for example: greater than or equal to 360°C and less than or equal to 490°C, greater than or equal to 370°C and less than or equal to 480°C, greater than or equal to 390°C and less than or equal to 470°C, greater than or equal to 400°C and less than or equal to 460°C, greater than or equal to 410°C and less than or equal to 450°C, greater than or equal to 420°C and less than or equal to 440°C, greater than or equal to 350°C and less than or equal to 430°C, and any and all subranges formed by any of the aforementioned endpoints.

[0065] Ion exchange treatment can be sustained for any period of time sufficient to produce the desired stress characteristics in glass-based articles. In embodiments, etched glass-based articles can be exposed to a molten salt bath for a duration greater than or equal to 10 minutes and less than or equal to 500 minutes, for example: greater than or equal to 10 minutes and less than or equal to 300 minutes, greater than or equal to 20 minutes and less than or equal to 490 minutes, greater than or equal to 30 minutes and less than or equal to 480 minutes, greater than or equal to 40 minutes and less than or equal to 470 minutes, greater than or equal to 50 minutes and less than or equal to 460 minutes, greater than or equal to 60 minutes and less than or equal to 450 minutes, greater than or equal to 70 minutes and less than or equal to 440 minutes, greater than or equal to 80 minutes and less than or equal to 430 minutes, greater than or equal to 90 minutes and less than or equal to 420 minutes, greater than or equal to 100 minutes and less than or equal to 410 minutes, greater than or equal to 110 minutes and less than or equal to 400 minutes, greater than or equal to 120 minutes and less than or equal to 390 minutes. Minutes, greater than or equal to 130 minutes and less than or equal to 380 minutes, greater than or equal to 140 minutes and less than or equal to 370 minutes, greater than or equal to 150 minutes and less than or equal to 360 minutes, greater than or equal to 160 minutes and less than or equal to 350 minutes, greater than or equal to 170 minutes and less than or equal to 340 minutes, greater than or equal to 180 minutes and less than or equal to 330 minutes, greater than or equal to 190 minutes and less than or equal to 320 minutes, greater than or equal to 200 minutes and less than or equal to 310 minutes, greater than or equal to 210 minutes and less than or equal to 300 minutes, greater than or equal to 220 minutes and less than or equal to 290 minutes, greater than or equal to 230 minutes and less than or equal to 280 minutes, greater than or equal to 240 minutes and less than or equal to 270 minutes, greater than or equal to 250 minutes and less than or equal to 260 minutes, and any and all subranges formed by any of the aforementioned endpoints.

[0066] In addition to image sharpness and shimmer, the glass-based article 100 is also characterized by properties such as haze level, surface roughness, and gloss 60° value.

[0067] The glass-based article 100 has low haze and can provide desired optical properties and a pleasing aesthetic appearance. For example, the anti-glare capability provided by the haze of the glass-based article improves performance under high-light environmental conditions (e.g., bright sunlight). In some embodiments, the haze is less than or equal to 45%, for example: less than or equal to 40%, less than or equal to 35%, less than or equal to 30%, less than or equal to 25%, less than or equal to 20%, less than or equal to 15%, less than or equal to 10%, less than or equal to 5%, or less. In some embodiments, the haze is greater than or equal to 3% to less than or equal to 40%, for example: greater than or equal to 5% to less than or equal to 35%, greater than or equal to 10% to less than or equal to 30%, greater than or equal to 15% to less than or equal to 25%, greater than or equal to 20% to less than or equal to 40%, and any and all subranges formed by any of the foregoing endpoints. As used in this article, haze refers to "transmitted haze", and is measured using a haze-gard transparent transmission haze meter with light source C, according to ASTM D1003 "Standard Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics".

[0068] The glass-based article 100 can have any surface roughness sufficient to produce the desired optical properties. Surface roughness can also provide a pleasant tactile feel to the glass-based article 100. In one or more embodiments, the glass-based article 100 has a surface roughness greater than or equal to 100 nm and less than or equal to 400 nm, for example: greater than or equal to 110 nm and less than or equal to 390 nm, greater than or equal to 120 nm and less than or equal to 380 nm, greater than or equal to 130 nm and less than or equal to 370 nm, greater than or equal to 140 nm and less than or equal to 360 nm, greater than or equal to 150 nm and less than or equal to 350 nm, greater than or equal to 160 nm and less than or equal to 340 nm, greater than or equal to 170 nm and less than or equal to 390 nm. 330 nm, greater than or equal to 180 nm to less than or equal to 320 nm, greater than or equal to 190 nm to less than or equal to 310 nm, greater than or equal to 200 nm to less than or equal to 300 nm, greater than or equal to 210 nm to less than or equal to 290 nm, greater than or equal to 220 nm to less than or equal to 280 nm, greater than or equal to 230 nm to less than or equal to 270 nm, greater than or equal to 240 nm to less than or equal to 260 nm, greater than or equal to 250 nm to less than or equal to 400 nm, and any and all subranges formed by any of the foregoing endpoints. Unless otherwise stated, “surface roughness” as used herein refers to Ra (the arithmetic mean deviation of the measured profile). Unless otherwise specified, Ra was measured with the Zygo 7000 with the following settings: scan size 180 μm x 220 μm; objective: 20x Mirau; image magnification 2x; camera resolution 0.2777 μm; filter: low-pass; filter type: average; filter low wavelength 0; filter high wavelength: 0.83169 μm.

[0069] The glass-based article 100 can be characterized by a gloss value (e.g., a gloss 60° value). In an embodiment, the glass-based article 100 has a gloss 60° value of less than or equal to 40%, for example: less than or equal to 35%, less than or equal to 30%, less than or equal to 25%, less than or equal to 20%, less than or equal to 15%, or less. In an embodiment, the glass-based article 100 can have a gloss 60° value of greater than or equal to 10% to less than or equal to 40%, for example: greater than or equal to 15% to less than or equal to 35%, greater than or equal to 20% to less than or equal to 30%, greater than or equal to 25% to less than or equal to 40%, greater than or equal to 15% to less than or equal to 40%, and any and all subranges formed by any of the aforementioned endpoints. Gloss 60° or gloss 60 refers to a measurement taken using a Rhopoint gloss meter at an angle of 60° off-vertical.

[0070] Example

[0071] The following examples further clarify the implementation methods. It should be understood that these examples are not intended to limit the implementation methods described above.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] The glass sample used was formed from a 1 mm thick glass composed of 67.32 mol% SiO2, 12.65 mol% Al2O3, 3.76 mol% B2O3, 13.76 mol% Na2O, 0.01 mol% K2O, 2.37 mol% MgO, and 0.04 mol% CaO. The sample was then subjected to four blasting conditions listed in Table I, labeled A, B, C, and D, using SiC and Al2O3 abrasive particles to form an abraded sample. The particle concentration in the medium (water) was 5–15 micrometers, and the blasting distance was 10–15 cm. The glass sample was blasted while moving at a 90-degree vertical angle at a speed of 0.1–1 m / min.

[0074] Table I

[0075] Average particle size (micrometers) 3-15 1-3 1-3 1-3 Pressure (MPa) 0.1–0.5 0.3–0.6 0.4–0.6 0.5–0.6 Pressure (psi) 14.5–72.5 43.5–87.0 58.0-87.0 72.5–87.0

[0076] like Figures 4A-4D The image shown is a microscopic image (SEM image) of the sample. Figure 4A Showing sample A, Figure 4B Showing sample B, Figure 4C Showing sample C, and Figure 4D Sample D is shown. These figures show the same sample at two different magnification levels. Furthermore, Figures 5A-5D This displays a cross-sectional SEM image of an abraded glass sample, in which... Figure 5A Showing sample A, Figure 5B Showing sample B, Figure 5C Showing sample C, and Figure 5D Sample D is shown. Figure 6 Show from Figures 5A-5D Data extracted from SEM images and images of other locations on the sample.

[0077] like Figure 4A and 5A Image comparison (sample A) Figure 4B and 5B As shown in (Sample B), using a finer medium resulted in finer surface damage. Furthermore, Figure 4C and 5C (Sample C) and Figure 4D and 5D The increased blasting pressure used in (Sample D) resulted in deeper and denser surface damage. Regarding the depth of surface damage, Figure 6The depths in samples A, B, C, and D are shown. Comparing samples A and B, a smaller blasting medium produces shallower defects (assuming consistent pressure). However, as pressure increases, the defect depth increases, as shown in samples B, C, and D.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] The samples from Example 1 were etched to remove 15-20 micrometers of material. The etchant was prepared by mixing 873.5 mL of sodium hydroxide (50 wt% stock solution) and 148 mL of deionized water to obtain approximately 1000 mL of a 45 wt% NaOH solution. The solution was heated to 120°C. The glass was etched to a target haze of 30% (70 minutes for sample A, 24 minutes for sample B, 40 minutes for sample C, and 40 minutes for sample D).

[0080] like Figures 7A-7D The image shown is a microscopic image (SEM image) of the sample. Figure 7A Showing sample A, Figure 7B Showing sample B, Figure 7C Showing sample C, and Figure 7D Sample D is shown. These figures show the same sample at two different magnification levels. The images show that the reduced size of the blasting media results in smaller surface features (reducing the visible surface area). Figure 7A Sample A and Figure 7B (Compared with sample B). Furthermore, increasing the blasting pressure resulted in a more uniform surface coverage (compared to sample B). Figure 7B , 7C (and samples A, B, and C in 7D).

[0081] Example 3

[0082] Additional samples were prepared as described in Table II. Samples were prepared using the etching techniques employed for samples A, B, C, and D of Example 1. The characteristics of these samples were evaluated, including: etch thickness (weight loss through etching), 140 ppi flash, haze, uncoupled image sharpness, and roughness (R). 最大值 R q and R a ).

[0083] Table II

[0084]

[0085]

[0086]

[0087]

[0088]

[0089]

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] The uncoupled DOI was evaluated using data from Table II and other data from the samples of Example 2. The results are shown in Table III. As shown, the average DOI was increased when using smaller media in samples B, C, and D.

[0093] Table IV shows the other properties of the prepared samples for image sharpness.

[0094] Table III

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] Data shows that each abrasion specification can be used to produce samples with lower flash and higher DOI (DOI). For example, Sample A specification can produce: flash 2.84%, DOI 92.6%; flash 3.64%, DOI 91.36%; or flash 4.32%, DOI 90.57%. Sample B specification can produce: flash 2.27%, DOI 92.22%; flash 3.26%, DOI 91.54%; flash 3.72%, DOI 91.2%; or flash 4.72%, DOI 88.72%. Sample C specification can produce: flash 3.7%, DOI 94.63%; or flash 4.03%, DOI 78.69%. Sample D specification can produce: 2.78% flash and 97.61% DOI, 3.03% flash and 98.09% DOI, or 4.06% flash and 91.81% DOI.

[0098] This document discloses one or more aspects of this application. A first aspect may be an article of article based on textured glass, comprising: a glass-based substrate including a first main surface and a second main surface, the first main surface being opposite to the second main surface; wherein at least a portion of one or both of the first main surface and the second main surface is textured, wherein the roughness R of the textured portion of one or more of the first main surface and the second main surface is... aThe wavelength is 100nm to 400nm, and the textured portion of one or both of the first and second main surfaces has: less than or equal to 5% glitter at 140ppi, and at least 78% uncoupled image sharpness.

[0099] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein the textured portion of one or both of the first and second main surfaces has a haze of less than or equal to 45%.

[0100] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein the textured portion of one or both of the first and second main surfaces is not coated with an optical coating.

[0101] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein the entire first primary surface is textured.

[0102] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein the glass-based substrate includes glass ceramics.

[0103] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein the glass-based substrate includes alkaline aluminosilicate glass or alkaline earth aluminosilicate glass.

[0104] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein the textured portion of one or both of the first and second main surfaces has: less than or equal to 4% glitter at 140 ppi, and at least 90% uncoupled image sharpness.

[0105] Another aspect could be a consumer electronic product comprising: a housing having a front surface, a back surface, and side surfaces; electronic components provided at least partially within the housing, the electronic components including at least a controller, a memory, and a display, the display being provided located on or adjacent to the front surface of the housing; and a cover substrate disposed above the display, wherein at least a portion of at least one of the housing and the cover substrate comprises any other aspect of a texturized glass-based article of manufacture.

[0106] Another aspect could be a method for manufacturing an article based on textured glass, the method comprising: abrading at least a portion of a first primary surface and / or a second primary surface of a glass-based substrate to form an abraded surface by pushing abrasive particles toward a surface; and etching the abraded surface with an etchant to form a textured glass-based substrate; wherein the surface of the glass-based substrate is abraded with an abrasive medium having an average diameter of less than or equal to 3 micrometers.

[0107] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein the abrasive particles are propelled by a fluid medium with a pressure greater than or equal to 40 psi.

[0108] Another aspect can be any of the foregoing aspects, wherein the etching lasts for a period of 30 to 400 minutes, and wherein the etchant is an aqueous hydroxide solution with a hydroxide concentration of 5% to 50% by weight.

[0109] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, which also includes ion exchange of the etched glass-based substrate with a molten salt bath.

[0110] Another aspect can be any of the foregoing aspects, wherein the etchant includes NaOH, KOH, or a combination thereof.

[0111] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein etching removes 5 μm to 50 μm of material from the abraded surface.

[0112] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein the temperature of the etchant is between 90°C and 140°C.

[0113] Another aspect can be any of the foregoing aspects, wherein the abrasive particles include at least one of the following: sand, Al2O3, SiC, SiO2, and combinations thereof.

[0114] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein abrasive particles are propelled from a nozzle 5 cm to 20 cm from the surface.

[0115] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein the abrasive particles are propelled by a fluid medium with a pressure of 43.5 psi to 87 psi.

[0116] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein the abrasive particles are propelled by a fluid medium with a pressure of 58 psi to 87 psi.

[0117] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein the abrasive particles are propelled by a fluid medium with a pressure of 72.5 psi to 87 psi.

[0118] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein the textured portions of one or both of the first and second main surfaces have: less than or equal to 5% glitter at 140 ppi, and at least 78% uncoupled image sharpness.

[0119] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein the textured portions of one or both of the first and second main surfaces have a haze of less than or equal to 45%.

[0120] Another aspect could be an article based on textured glass, comprising: a glass-based substrate including a first main surface and a second main surface, the first main surface being opposite to the second main surface; wherein at least a portion of one or both of the first main surface and the second main surface is textured, wherein the textured portion of one or both of the first main surface and the second main surface has: less than or equal to 5% glitter at 140 ppi, at least 78% uncoupled image sharpness, less than or equal to 45% haze, and a roughness R from 100 nm to 400 nm. a .

[0121] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein the entire first primary surface is textured.

[0122] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein the glass-based substrate includes glass ceramics.

[0123] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein the glass-based substrate includes alkaline aluminosilicate glass or alkaline earth aluminosilicate glass.

[0124] Another aspect can be any of the aforementioned aspects, wherein the textured portion of one or both of the first and second main surfaces is not coated with an optical coating.

[0125] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the claimed subject matter. Therefore, this specification is intended to cover modifications and variations of the various embodiments described herein, provided that such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An article based on textured glass, comprising: A glass-based substrate comprising a first main surface and a second main surface, wherein the first main surface and the second main surface are opposite to each other; Wherein, at least a portion of one or both of the first main surface and the second main surface is textured, wherein the roughness R of the textured portion of one or both of the first main surface and the second main surface is... a It is 100 nm to 400 nm, and wherein the textured portion of one or both of the first and second main surfaces has: Flash at 140 ppi less than or equal to 4%; and At least 90% uncoupled image clarity.

2. The article based on textured glass as described in claim 1, wherein, The textured portion of one or both of the first and second main surfaces has a haze of less than or equal to 45%.

3. The article based on textured glass as described in claim 1, wherein, The textured portions of one or both of the first and second main surfaces are not coated with an optical coating.

4. The article based on textured glass as described in claim 1, wherein, The entire first main surface has been textured.

5. The article based on textured glass as described in claim 1, wherein, Glass-based substrates include glass ceramics.

6. The article based on textured glass as described in claim 1, wherein, Glass-based substrates include alkaline aluminosilicate glass or alkaline earth aluminosilicate glass.

7. The article based on textured glass as described in claim 1, wherein, The roughness R of the textured portion of one or both of the first and second main surfaces. a It ranges from 110 nm to 270 nm.

8. A consumer electronic product comprising: A housing having a front surface, a back surface, and side surfaces; Electronic components, at least partially provided within the housing, include at least a controller, a memory, and a display, the display being provided at or adjacent to the front surface of the housing. and Covering substrate arranged above the display; Wherein, at least a portion of at least one of the outer shell and the covering substrate comprises an article based on textured glass as described in claim 1.

9. A method for manufacturing an article based on textured glass, the method comprising: Abrasive surfaces are formed by pushing abrasive particles toward a surface to abrade at least a portion of a first primary surface and / or a second primary surface of a glass-based substrate. as well as The abraded surface is etched with an etchant to form a substrate based on textured glass; The surface of a glass-based substrate is abraded using an abrasive medium with an average diameter greater than or equal to 1 micrometer and less than or equal to 3 micrometers, and the abrasive particles are propelled by a fluid medium at a pressure of 58.0 psi to 87.0 psi, and one or both of the textured portions of the first main surface and the second main surface have: Flash at 140 ppi less than or equal to 4%; and At least 90% uncoupled image clarity.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The etching process lasts for a period of 30 to 400 minutes, wherein the etchant is an aqueous hydroxide solution with a hydroxide concentration of 5% to 50% by weight.

11. The method of claim 9, further comprising ion-exchanging the etched glass-based substrate with a molten salt bath.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein, Etching agents include NaOH, KOH, or combinations thereof.

13. The method of claim 9, wherein, Etching removed 5 µm to 50 µm of material from the abraded surface.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein, The etchant is exposed to temperatures between 90 °C and 140 °C.

15. The method of claim 9, wherein, The abrasive particles include at least one of the following: Al2O3, SiC, and SiO2.

16. The method of claim 9, wherein, Abrasive particles include sand.

17. The method of claim 9, wherein, Abrasive particles are propelled from a nozzle 5 cm to 20 cm from the surface.

18. The method of claim 9, wherein, Abrasive particles are propelled by a fluid medium with a pressure ranging from 72.5 psi to 87 psi.

19. The method of claim 9, wherein, The textured portions of one or both of the first and second main surfaces have a haze of less than or equal to 45%.

20. An article based on textured glass, comprising: A glass-based substrate comprising a first main surface and a second main surface, wherein the first main surface and the second main surface are opposite to each other; Wherein, at least a portion of one or both of the first main surface and the second main surface is textured, wherein the textured portion of one or both of the first main surface and the second main surface has: Flash at 140 ppi is less than or equal to 4%; At least 90% uncoupled image sharpness; Haze of 40% or less; and Roughness R from 100 nm to 400 nm a .

21. The article of manufacture based on textured glass as described in claim 20, wherein, The entire first main surface has been textured.

22. The article of manufacture based on textured glass as described in claim 20, wherein, Glass-based substrates include glass ceramics.

23. The article of manufacture based on textured glass as described in claim 20, wherein, Glass-based substrates include alkaline aluminosilicate glass or alkaline earth aluminosilicate glass.

24. The article of manufacture based on textured glass as described in claim 20, wherein, The textured portions of one or both of the first and second main surfaces are not coated with an optical coating.

Images