Railway car beam column type part three-dimensional laser general cutting tooling

Abstract

This invention discloses a three-dimensional laser universal cutting fixture for beam and column parts used in railway passenger vehicles, comprising a mold base plate and a positioning mechanism. The positioning mechanism is divided into a central positioning mechanism and a side positioning mechanism, both of which are provided with arc-shaped positioning surfaces that contact the side walls of the beam and column parts. The positioning mechanism adjusts its relative position to the beam and column parts via corresponding adjustment tracks. This cutting fixture achieves X- and Y-axis position adjustment of the positioning structure and quick-clamping mechanism through the adjustment tracks. Simultaneously, the sliding installation structure uses an expansion sleeve as the connecting component between the mounting base and the sliding base, ensuring installation while also allowing for angle adjustment. One set of fixtures can meet the positioning and processing requirements of different beam and column parts, reducing production costs, achieving versatility in workpiece processing, freeing up space, reducing site occupation, enabling flexible positioning, improving product quality, and achieving rapid mold change to improve production efficiency and reduce labor intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of processing technology for beam and column parts of stainless steel rail passenger cars, and in particular to a three-dimensional laser universal cutting tooling for beam and column parts of rail passenger cars. Background Technology

[0002] Stainless steel railcars feature a plate-beam structure, with their main load-bearing structure consisting of beams, columns, and reinforcing parts. The beam and column components have a certain degree of curvature and typically come in various cross-sectional shapes. The beam and column components are manufactured through a process of blanking, bending, stretch bending, and 3D laser cutting. Currently, the 3D laser cutting fixture uses an arc-shaped positioning mode. This method requires the positioning structure of the mold to perfectly match the width and outer diameter of the workpiece; that is, the arc shape of the workpiece must be consistent with the arc shape of the positioning fixture. Taking the roof curved beam as an example, due to the different widths and outer diameters of the roof curved beams for different car models, different cutting molds are required for each type of curved beam, increasing tooling costs and project costs. Furthermore, the large number of newly manufactured molds also results in significant space occupation. In addition, the manufacturing process for beam and column components is extremely complex. The gradual accumulation of errors in each process can lead to poor clamping and positioning of the parts with the fixed cutting fixture, resulting in inconsistent product quality after 3D laser cutting and a lower product qualification rate.

[0003] Therefore, based on the above-mentioned technical problems, those skilled in the art urgently need to develop a three-dimensional laser universal cutting tooling for beam and column parts used in rail passenger vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a universal three-dimensional laser cutting fixture for beam and column parts of rail passenger vehicles, which solves the problems of excessive space occupation, low product qualification rate, serious resource waste, high labor intensity and high production cost caused by the special-purpose three-dimensional laser cutting fixtures in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a three-dimensional laser universal cutting fixture for beam and column parts used in railway passenger vehicles, the cutting fixture comprising:

[0007] A mold base plate, wherein the mold base plate has an X-axis adjustment track and a Y-axis adjustment track;

[0008] A positioning mechanism integrated into the mold base plate;

[0009] The positioning mechanism is divided into a central positioning mechanism and a side positioning mechanism. Both the central positioning mechanism and the side positioning mechanism are provided with an arc-shaped positioning surface that contacts the side wall of the beam and column parts and a mounting surface that supports the vertical foundation of the beam and column parts.

[0010] The positioning mechanism adjusts its relative position to the beam and column parts via a corresponding adjustment track.

[0011] Furthermore, the mold base plate includes:

[0012] Middle part of the base plate;

[0013] The base plate side portions formed on both sides of the middle portion of the base plate and extending along the Y direction; and

[0014] X-axis adjustment extension module installed on the side of the base plate;

[0015] The Y-axis adjustment rail is provided in the middle part and the side part of the base plate. The X-axis adjustment extension module is slidably connected to the Y-axis adjustment rail on the side of the base plate to adjust the Y-axis position.

[0016] The base plate has a quick clamp X-axis adjustment rail on one side of the middle part. Multiple quick clamps are installed on the quick clamp X-axis adjustment rail, and the quick clamps adjust their X-axis positions through the quick clamp X-axis adjustment rail.

[0017] Furthermore, the central positioning mechanism is slidably connected to the middle part of the base plate, and the central positioning mechanism adjusts the Y-direction position through the Y-direction adjustment track in the middle part of the base plate;

[0018] The side positioning mechanism is slidably connected to the X-axis adjustment extension module, and the side positioning mechanism adjusts its X-axis position through the X-axis adjustment extension module.

[0019] Furthermore, both the central positioning mechanism and the side positioning mechanism are assembled with the mold base plate through a positioning mechanism sliding installation structure;

[0020] The quick clamp is assembled with the mold base plate through a quick clamp sliding and rotating mounting structure;

[0021] Both the central positioning mechanism and the side positioning mechanism have their angles adjusted via a sliding and rotating mounting structure.

[0022] The angle of the quick clamp is adjusted by the quick clamp sliding and rotating mounting structure.

[0023] Furthermore, the sliding and rotating mounting structure of the positioning mechanism includes:

[0024] A positioning mechanism sliding mounting base, wherein the positioning mechanism sliding mounting base has a protruding first mounting portion;

[0025] The positioning mechanism rotating mounting base is interference-fitted with the first mounting part of the sliding mounting base of the positioning mechanism via an expansion sleeve; and

[0026] A positioning block mounting base fixed to the rotating mounting base of the positioning mechanism;

[0027] The positioning blocks of the central positioning mechanism and the side positioning mechanism are assembled and fixed to the positioning block mounting base;

[0028] The angle of the positioning block mounting base is adjusted by the interference connection between the rotating mounting base of the positioning mechanism and the sliding mounting base of the positioning mechanism.

[0029] Furthermore, the quick-clamp sliding and rotating mounting structure includes:

[0030] A quick clamp sliding mounting base, wherein the quick clamp sliding mounting base has a protruding second mounting portion;

[0031] A quick-clamp rotating mounting base is interference-fitted with the second mounting portion of the quick-clamp sliding mounting base via an expansion sleeve; and

[0032] A quick clamp mounting base is fixed to the quick clamp rotating mounting seat, and the quick clamp is assembled and fixed to the quick clamp mounting base;

[0033] The angle of the quick clamp mounting base is adjusted by the interference fit between the quick clamp rotating mounting base and the quick clamp sliding mounting base.

[0034] Furthermore, the positioning block mounting base has a positioning block base and a positioning block mounting plate fixed to the positioning base;

[0035] The positioning block is assembled and fixed to the positioning block mounting plate.

[0036] Furthermore, the positioning block includes:

[0037] Material support structure, the material support structure having an embedded groove; and

[0038] A positioning structure that is partially embedded in the embedding groove and fixedly connected to the material support structure, wherein the side of the positioning structure that mates with the beam-column type part forms the arc-shaped positioning surface.

[0039] Furthermore, the positioning mechanism rotating mounting base integrated on the side of the base plate is also integrated with a side quick clamp mounting base;

[0040] The side quick clamp mounting base is equipped with a side quick clamp.

[0041] The three-dimensional laser universal cutting fixture for beam and column parts of rail passenger vehicles provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] The cutting fixture of this invention achieves X- and Y-axis position adjustment of the positioning structure and quick clamp by adjusting the track. At the same time, the sliding installation structure uses an expansion sleeve as the connecting component between the mounting seat and the sliding seat, which not only ensures installation but also enables angle adjustment. One set of fixtures can meet the positioning and processing requirements of different beam and column parts, reduce production costs, achieve workpiece processing versatility, free up space, reduce site occupation, achieve flexible positioning, improve product quality, and enable quick mold change to improve production efficiency and reduce labor intensity. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-dimensional laser universal cutting fixture for beam and column parts of rail passenger vehicles disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mold base plate of a three-dimensional laser universal cutting tool for beam and column parts of rail passenger vehicles disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the X-axis adjustment extension module of a three-dimensional laser universal cutting tool for beam and column parts of rail passenger vehicles disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a top view of the sliding installation structure of the side positioning mechanism of a three-dimensional laser universal cutting tool for beam and column parts of rail passenger vehicles disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding installation structure of the positioning mechanism of the central positioning mechanism of a three-dimensional laser universal cutting tool for beam and column parts of rail passenger vehicles disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning block mounting base of a three-dimensional laser universal cutting tool for beam and column parts of rail passenger vehicles disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a top view of the rotating installation structure of the positioning mechanism of a three-dimensional laser universal cutting fixture for beam and column parts of rail passenger vehicles disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the sliding and rotating installation structure of the positioning mechanism of a three-dimensional laser universal cutting tool for beam and column parts of rail passenger vehicles disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the side positioning mechanism of a three-dimensional laser universal cutting fixture for beam and column parts of rail passenger vehicles disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the central positioning mechanism of a three-dimensional laser universal cutting fixture for beam and column parts of rail passenger vehicles disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 11 This is a front view of the sliding and rotating installation structure of a rapid clamping fixture for a three-dimensional laser universal cutting tool for beam and column parts of rail passenger vehicles, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the side quick clamp mounting base of a three-dimensional laser universal cutting tool for beam and column parts of rail passenger vehicles, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0057] 1. Mold base plate; 2. Sliding and rotating mounting structure of positioning mechanism; 3. Sliding and rotating mounting structure of quick clamp; 4. Side quick clamp mounting base; 6. Expansion sleeve; 7. Positioning block; 10. Beam and column parts;

[0058] 101. Middle part of the base plate; 102. Side part of the base plate;

[0059] 201. Sliding mounting base for positioning mechanism; 202. Rotary mounting base for positioning mechanism; 203. First mounting part; 204. Positioning block mounting base;

[0060] 301. Quick clamp sliding mounting base; 302. Quick clamp rotating mounting base; 303. Second mounting part;

[0061] 501. Y-axis adjustment track; 502. X-axis adjustment extension module; 503. Quick clamp X-axis adjustment track;

[0062] 701. Material support structure; 702. Positioning structure; 703. Arc-shaped positioning surface; 704. Carrying surface. Detailed Implementation

[0063] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0064] See Figures 1-12 As shown;

[0065] This embodiment provides a three-dimensional laser general-purpose cutting fixture for beam and column parts used in rail passenger vehicles. The cutting fixture includes:

[0066] Mold base plate 1, with an X-axis adjustment rail and a Y-axis adjustment rail 501 on the mold base plate 1;

[0067] A positioning mechanism integrated into the mold base plate 1;

[0068] The positioning mechanism is divided into a central positioning mechanism and a side positioning mechanism. Both the central positioning mechanism and the side positioning mechanism are provided with an arc-shaped positioning surface 703 that contacts the side wall of the beam-column type part 10 and a mounting surface 704 that supports the vertical foundation of the beam-column type part 10.

[0069] The positioning mechanism adjusts its relative position to the beam and column parts 10 via the corresponding adjustment track.

[0070] Specifically, this embodiment designs a versatile cutting fixture based on the structural characteristics of beam-column parts. It includes a mold base plate 1, multiple positioning mechanisms, and a quick-clamping device. First, the mold base plate is equipped with X-axis and Y-axis adjustment tracks 501, enabling adjustment of the positioning mechanisms in the X and Y directions. The quick-clamping device can also be adjusted to the corresponding position. Furthermore, to facilitate the quick clamping of the beam-column part 10, the positioning mechanism has an arc-shaped positioning surface 703 that mates with the corresponding position of the beam-column part 10.

[0071] Preferably, the mold base plate 1 in this embodiment includes:

[0072] 101, middle part of the base plate;

[0073] The bottom plate side portions 102 are formed on both sides of the middle portion 101 of the bottom plate and extend along the Y direction; and

[0074] X-direction adjustment extension module 502 installed on the side 102 of the base plate;

[0075] Both the middle part 101 and the side part 102 of the base plate are provided with Y-direction adjustment rails 501. The X-direction adjustment extension module 502 is slidably connected to the Y-direction adjustment rails 501 of the side part 102 of the base plate to adjust the Y-direction position.

[0076] The middle part 101 of the base plate has a quick clamp X-direction adjustment rail 503 on one side. Multiple quick clamps are installed on the quick clamp X-direction adjustment rail 503, and the quick clamps adjust their X-direction positions through the quick clamp X-direction adjustment rail 503.

[0077] First, this embodiment defines in detail the structure of the mold base plate 1, which is divided into a base plate middle part 101, a base plate side part 102, an X-direction adjustment extension module 502, and a Y-direction adjustment track 501.

[0078] In this embodiment, the central positioning mechanism is slidably connected to the middle part 101 of the base plate, and the central positioning mechanism adjusts the Y-direction position through the Y-direction adjustment track 501 of the middle part 101 of the base plate.

[0079] The side positioning mechanism is slidably connected to the X-direction adjustment extension module 502, and the side positioning mechanism adjusts its X-direction position through the X-direction adjustment extension module 502.

[0080] The positioning mechanism in this embodiment is divided into a central positioning mechanism and a side positioning mechanism according to the positioning requirements of the beam and column parts 10. The central positioning mechanism can adjust the Y-direction position through the Y-direction adjustment mechanism, and the side positioning mechanism can adjust the X-direction position through the X-direction adjustment extension module 502.

[0081] Preferably, in this embodiment, both the central positioning mechanism and the side positioning mechanism are assembled with the mold base plate 1 through the positioning mechanism sliding installation structure 2;

[0082] The quick clamp is assembled with the mold base plate 1 via the quick clamp sliding mounting structure 3;

[0083] Both the central positioning mechanism and the side positioning mechanism adjust their angles via the sliding and rotating mounting structure 2.

[0084] The angle of the quick clamp can be adjusted by sliding and rotating the quick clamp mounting structure 3.

[0085] Specifically, this embodiment details the specific structure and principle of the sliding and rotating mounting structure 2 of the positioning mechanism. The sliding and rotating mounting structure 2 of the positioning mechanism in this embodiment includes:

[0086] The positioning mechanism sliding mounting base 201 has a protruding first mounting part 203;

[0087] The positioning mechanism rotating mounting base 202 is interference-fitted with the first mounting part 203 of the positioning mechanism sliding mounting base 201 via an expansion sleeve 6; and

[0088] Positioning block mounting base 204 fixed to the rotating mounting base 202 of the positioning mechanism;

[0089] The positioning blocks 7 of the central positioning mechanism and the side positioning mechanism are assembled and fixed to the positioning block mounting base 204;

[0090] The positioning block mounting base 204 adjusts the angle through the interference connection between the positioning mechanism rotating mounting base 202 and the positioning mechanism sliding mounting base 201.

[0091] In this embodiment, the positioning mechanism sliding mounting structure 2 is assembled with the mold base plate 1 through the positioning mechanism sliding mounting seat 201. At the same time, the positioning mechanism sliding mounting seat 201 has a first mounting part 203 and is connected to the positioning mechanism rotating mounting seat 202 through the expansion sleeve 6. Using the expansion sleeve 6 as a connecting component can not only ensure the connection, but also achieve stepless angle adjustment of the positioning mechanism by rotating the positioning mechanism rotating mounting seat 202 when the angle needs to be adjusted.

[0092] Specifically, this embodiment details the specific structure and principle of the quick clamp sliding and rotating mounting structure 3, which includes:

[0093] The quick clamp sliding mounting base 301 has a protruding second mounting part 303;

[0094] The quick clamp rotating mounting base 302 is interference-fitted with the second mounting portion 303 of the quick clamp sliding mounting base 301 via an expansion sleeve 6; and

[0095] A quick clamp mounting base is fixed to the quick clamp rotating mounting base 302, and the quick clamp is assembled and fixed to the quick clamp mounting base;

[0096] The angle of the quick clamp mounting base is adjusted by the interference fit between the quick clamp rotating mounting base 302 and the quick clamp sliding mounting base 301.

[0097] The principle of the quick clamp sliding and rotating mounting structure 3 is similar to that of the positioning mechanism sliding and rotating mounting structure 2. Specifically, the quick clamp sliding and rotating mounting structure 3 of this embodiment is assembled with the mold base plate 1 through the quick clamp sliding mounting seat 301. At the same time, the quick clamp sliding mounting seat 301 has a second mounting part 303, which is connected to the fixed quick clamp rotating mounting seat 302 through the expansion sleeve 6. Using the expansion sleeve 6 as a connecting part can not only ensure the connection, but also achieve stepless angle adjustment of the quick clamp by rotating the quick clamp rotating mounting seat 302 when the angle needs to be adjusted.

[0098] The aforementioned positioning block mounting base 204 has a positioning block base and a positioning block mounting plate fixed to the positioning base;

[0099] Positioning block 7 is assembled and fixed to the positioning block mounting plate.

[0100] In this embodiment, the positioning block 7 includes:

[0101] Material support structure 701, material support structure 701 having an embedded groove; and

[0102] The positioning structure 702 is partially embedded in the embedding groove and fixedly connected to the material support structure 701. The side of the positioning structure 702 that mates with the beam and column part 10 forms an arc-shaped positioning surface 703.

[0103] Secondly, the positioning mechanism rotating mounting base 202 integrated on the side of the base plate 102 is integrated with the side quick clamp mounting base 4;

[0104] A side quick clamp is mounted on the side quick clamp mounting base 4.

[0105] The quick clamp sliding installation structure described above is a mechanism for positioning and clamping beam-column type parts 10 in cooperation with the central positioning mechanism. In order to position and clamp the side of the beam-column type parts 10, a quick clamp is also designed at the side positioning mechanism 4, namely the side quick clamp 4 mentioned above. In this embodiment, the side quick clamp 4 is directly integrated through the side quick clamp mounting base, and the side quick clamp is connected to the positioning mechanism rotating mounting base 202, and can rotate together with the positioning mechanism rotating mounting base 202 to adjust the angle.

[0106] The three-dimensional laser universal cutting fixture for beam and column parts of rail passenger vehicles provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0107] The cutting fixture of this invention achieves X- and Y-axis position adjustment of the positioning structure and quick clamp by adjusting the track. At the same time, the sliding installation structure uses the expansion sleeve 6 as the connecting part of the mounting seat and the sliding seat, which not only ensures installation but also enables angle adjustment. One set of fixtures can meet the positioning and processing requirements of different beam and column parts, reduce production costs, achieve workpiece processing versatility, free up space, reduce site occupation, achieve flexible positioning, improve product quality, and achieve quick mold change to improve production efficiency and reduce labor intensity.

[0108] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional laser universal cutting fixture for beam and column parts used in rail passenger vehicles, characterized in that, The cutting fixture includes: The mold base plate (1) has an X-axis adjustment track and a Y-axis adjustment track (501). A positioning mechanism integrated into the mold base plate (1); The positioning mechanism is divided into a central positioning mechanism and a side positioning mechanism. Both the central positioning mechanism and the side positioning mechanism are provided with an arc-shaped positioning surface (703) that contacts the side wall of the beam-column part (10) and a mounting surface (704) that contacts the vertical surface of the beam-column part (10). The positioning mechanism adjusts its relative position with the beam-column part (10) via a corresponding adjustment track; The mold base plate (1) includes: Middle part of the base plate (101); Side portions (102) of the base plate formed on both sides of the middle portion (101) of the base plate and extending along the Y direction; and X-axis adjustment extension module (502) installed on the side (102) of the base plate; The middle part (101) and the side part (102) of the base plate are both provided with the Y-direction adjustment rail (501), and the X-direction adjustment extension module (502) is slidably connected to the Y-direction adjustment rail (501) of the side part (102) of the base plate to adjust the Y-direction position; The middle part (101) of the base plate has a quick clamp X-direction adjustment rail (503) on one side. Multiple quick clamps are installed on the quick clamp X-direction adjustment rail (503), and the quick clamps adjust their X-direction positions through the quick clamp X-direction adjustment rail (503). The central positioning mechanism is slidably connected to the middle part (101) of the base plate, and the central positioning mechanism adjusts the Y-direction position through the Y-direction adjustment track (501) of the middle part (101) of the base plate; The side positioning mechanism is slidably connected to the X-direction adjustment extension module (502), and the side positioning mechanism adjusts the X-direction position through the X-direction adjustment extension module (502); Both the central positioning mechanism and the side positioning mechanism are assembled with the mold base plate (1) through the positioning mechanism sliding and rotating mounting structure (2); The quick clamp is assembled with the mold base plate through the quick clamp sliding and rotating mounting structure (3); Both the central positioning mechanism and the side positioning mechanism can adjust their angles through the sliding and rotating mounting structure (2) of the positioning mechanism. The angle of the quick clamp is adjusted by the quick clamp sliding and rotating mounting structure (3); The positioning mechanism sliding and rotating mounting structure (2) includes: The positioning mechanism sliding mounting base (201) has a protruding first mounting portion (203). The first mounting portion (203) of the positioning mechanism sliding mounting base (201) is interference-fitted with the positioning mechanism rotating mounting base (202) via an expansion sleeve (6); and Positioning block mounting base (204) fixed to the rotating mounting base (202) of the positioning mechanism; The positioning blocks (7) of the central positioning mechanism and the side positioning mechanism are assembled and fixed to the positioning block mounting base (204). The positioning block mounting base (204) adjusts the angle through the interference connection between the positioning mechanism rotating mounting base (202) and the positioning mechanism sliding mounting base (201); The positioning block (7) includes: Material support structure (701), said material support structure (701) having an embedded groove; and A positioning structure (702) is partially embedded in the embedding groove and fixedly connected to the material support structure (701). The side of the positioning structure (702) that cooperates with the beam-column part (10) forms the arc-shaped positioning surface (703). The positioning mechanism rotating mounting base (202) integrated on the side of the base plate (102) is integrated with a side quick clamp mounting base (4). The side quick clamp mounting base (4) is equipped with a side quick clamp.

2. The three-dimensional laser universal cutting fixture for beam and column parts of railway passenger vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quick clamp sliding and rotating mounting structure (3) includes: Quick clamp sliding mounting base (301), the quick clamp sliding mounting base (301) has a protruding second mounting part (303); The quick clamp rotating mounting base (302) is interference-fitted with the second mounting portion (303) of the quick clamp sliding mounting base (301) via an expansion sleeve (6); and A quick clamp mounting base is fixed to the quick clamp rotating mounting base (302), and the quick clamp is assembled and fixed to the quick clamp mounting base; The angle of the quick clamp mounting base is adjusted by the interference fit between the quick clamp rotating mounting base (302) and the quick clamp sliding mounting base (301).

3. The three-dimensional laser universal cutting fixture for beam and column parts of railway passenger vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning block mounting base (204) has a positioning block base and a positioning block mounting plate fixed to the positioning block base; The positioning block (7) is assembled and fixed to the positioning block mounting plate.

Images