Variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame and its construction method

Abstract

This invention discloses a variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame and its construction method. The frame includes multiple columns fixed to the foundation, the columns being steel-concrete composite columns. Each steel-concrete composite column has at least two parallel first vertical steel plates welded to its sides, extending along the height direction and forming a sliding track for lifting precast reinforced concrete wall panels. The two parallel first vertical steel plates have multiple transverse elliptical holes to ensure that the steel-concrete composite columns are not impacted or damaged under extreme horizontal loads. A first transverse steel beam, connecting to a light steel floor slab, is located at the middle of the height of the precast reinforced concrete wall panels. Above the first transverse steel beam is the lower part of the upper-level room's wall panels, and below the first transverse steel beam is the upper part of the lower-level room's wall panels. The frame also includes light steel floor slabs bolted to the wall panels. This frame is easy to install, the wall panels and columns are firmly connected with shear separation, and the columns, wall panels, and floor slabs can be lifted using equipment such as electric hoists, with the wall panels able to slide upwards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of foundation pit retaining system construction technology, specifically a variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, prefabricated steel structure housing has gradually gained popularity and acceptance. Compared to reinforced concrete buildings, its significant advantages have become increasingly apparent: 1. Since most components of prefabricated steel structure housing can be precisely prefabricated in factories, on-site construction workers have shifted from manual bricklaying to assembly workers. Components are connected and assembled on-site using bolts, welding, and other methods, making the operation simpler and ensuring higher quality. 2. It significantly shortens the construction period and greatly improves construction efficiency compared to traditional building methods. 3. At the same time, prefabricated steel structure buildings significantly reduce carbon emissions. 4. Prefabricated steel structure buildings can be almost entirely recycled and reused at the end of their lifespan, and the strength and performance of the steel do not decrease. 5. The self-weight of steel structure housing is significantly lighter than that of reinforced concrete housing, making it more earthquake-resistant.

[0003] However, existing multi-story prefabricated steel structure residential frames and their construction methods still have the following shortcomings: 1. It is difficult to achieve a firm and reliable connection between prefabricated wall panels and columns, as well as shear separation, thus failing to ensure the integrity of the steel structure residential frame under extreme horizontal loads. 2. The lifting of columns, wall panels, and floor slabs all rely on heavy-duty tower cranes and other mechanical equipment, which have low utilization rates and are easily affected by adverse weather conditions such as strong winds, resulting in high operating costs and relatively high construction costs. 3. The structure of prefabricated wall panels is not very reasonable, making it difficult to achieve a harmonious balance between strength and ease of installation. 4. Exposed columns and beams are common indoors, relatively reducing the actual usable indoor area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame with high strength of prefabricated wall panels, easy installation, reliable connection between wall panels and columns with compression-shear separation, and the ability of columns, wall panels and floor slabs to be lifted by each other using equipment such as electric hoists, and relatively reducing the space occupied by beams and columns in the interior.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is to provide a variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame, including multiple columns fixed to the foundation;

[0006] The columns are steel-concrete composite columns. Adjacent steel-concrete composite columns have different heights. The upper and lower steel-concrete composite columns are fixed to each other. Each steel-concrete composite column has at least two parallel first vertical steel plates welded on its sides, which extend along the height direction and form a sliding track for lifting the precast wall panels. The two parallel first vertical steel plates have multiple holes for passing through first bolts. All the holes are horizontal elliptical holes, thereby ensuring that the steel-concrete composite columns are not impacted or damaged under extreme horizontal loads.

[0007] The precast wall panel has a first transverse steel beam at the middle of its height for connecting with the light steel floor slab. Multiple first bolts pass through the transverse elliptical holes of a first vertical steel plate, the first circular holes at both ends of the first transverse steel beam and the two sides of the precast wall panel, and the transverse elliptical holes of another first vertical steel plate. They are fixed by multiple first nuts corresponding to the multiple first bolts. Each precast wall panel has multiple first hanging structures.

[0008] The light steel floor slab includes a grid-type steel frame composed of multiple second transverse steel beams and a panel fixed to the top surface of the grid-type steel frame. The light steel floor slab has multiple second hanging structures.

[0009] The inner side of each first transverse steel beam is welded with multiple pairs of second vertical steel plates for connecting multiple second transverse steel beams. One end of each second transverse steel beam is inserted into two parallel second vertical steel plates and fixed by at least one second bolt and at least one second nut.

[0010] With the above structure, the variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0011] The precast wall panel has a first horizontal steel beam in the middle of its height, which is used to connect with the light steel floor slab. It has relatively high horizontal and vertical strength and is easy to install, achieving a harmonious balance between strength and ease of installation.

[0012] Two parallel first vertical steel plates at the connection with the precast wall panels are provided with transverse elliptical holes for bolts. These holes are bolted to the first circular holes on both sides of the precast wall panels and at both ends of the first transverse steel beams using multiple first bolts and multiple first nuts. This ensures the strength, reliability, and stability of the connection under normal use conditions, while also achieving appropriate separation between the compressive members bearing vertical loads (i.e., the steel-concrete composite columns) and the shear members bearing horizontal loads (i.e., the precast wall panels). This ensures that the steel-concrete composite columns are not impacted or damaged under extreme horizontal loads, thus guaranteeing the integrity of the steel structure residential building system under extreme horizontal loads. This achieves a harmonious balance between the strength, reliability, and stability of the variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential building frame under normal conditions and the integrity of the steel structure residential building frame under extreme horizontal loads.

[0013] By utilizing temporary transverse steel beams and electric or manual hoists at different heights of the steel pipes, the upper and lower steel pipes can be lifted and fixed, and concrete can be poured inside the steel pipes on-site to form steel-concrete composite columns. Simultaneously, electric or manual hoists installed on the steel-concrete composite piles can slide along tracks formed by two parallel first vertical steel plates on each of the two adjacent steel-concrete composite columns to lift all precast wall panels. Electric or manual hoists can also be used to lift all light steel floor slabs. This approach achieves safe construction, significantly shortens the construction period, reduces the workload of heavy construction machinery on-site, aligns with the current advocacy of green construction under a dual-carbon background, substantially saves on the expensive operating costs of heavy lifting equipment, and greatly reduces the probability of construction being affected by adverse weather conditions, thus significantly improving construction efficiency.

[0014] By adopting the column-beam connection structure and column-slab connection structure of the present invention, the phenomenon of indoor columns and beams protruding from the wall panels is relatively reduced, thereby relatively increasing the actual usable indoor area.

[0015] Furthermore, the precast wall panel is a reinforced concrete precast wall panel. Each side of the reinforced concrete precast wall panel has a vertical edge steel fixed to the first transverse steel beam. The first circular holes on the sides of the precast wall panel are located on the vertical edge steel and the concrete body on the sides of the reinforced concrete precast wall panel. Each of the upper and lower ends of the reinforced concrete precast wall panel has a transverse edge steel fixed to the vertical edge steel. The area above the first transverse steel beam is the lower part of the wall panel of the upper room, and the area below the first transverse steel beam is the upper part of the wall panel of the lower room. The upper and lower reinforced concrete precast wall panels are fixed by multiple pairs of I-beam connecting plates connected one-to-one by multiple third bolts and multiple third nuts. The inner and outer surfaces of the reinforced concrete precast wall panel have transverse grooves for fitting each pair of I-beam connecting plates. With the above structure, the precast reinforced concrete wall panels break away from the conventional one-wall-panel-per-floor structure. Instead, the upper part of the wall panel above the first horizontal steel beam connected to the light steel floor slab is the lower part of the wall panel for the upper floor, and the lower part of the wall panel below the first horizontal steel beam is the upper part of the wall panel for the lower floor. The two precast reinforced concrete wall panels are connected by multiple pairs of I-beam connecting plates and bolts and nuts, making the structure of the precast reinforced concrete wall panels more reasonable, further improving both horizontal and vertical strength, and making installation easier. This further ensures the harmonious unity of strength and installation convenience, and the unit price of the precast reinforced concrete wall panels is also relatively reasonable.

[0016] Furthermore, the first suspension structure comprises at least four connecting steel columns pre-welded to both ends of the upper transverse side steel or the first transverse steel beam on the inner sides of the two vertical side steels. Each connecting steel column has a first threaded hole for the threaded post to engage with the hook of the lifting wire rope. The outer end faces of two steel columns are flush with the inner surface of the reinforced concrete precast wall panel, and the outer end faces of the other two connecting steel columns are flush with the outer surface of the reinforced concrete precast wall panel. With this structure, multiple branches of the lifting wire rope of the electric hoist or manual hoist installed on the steel pipe concrete column can slide and lift the lower precast wall panel over one or more layers of the upper precast wall panel, further ensuring the technical effect of achieving safe construction, significantly shortening the construction period, and reducing the workload of heavy construction machinery on site.

[0017] Furthermore, the second suspension structure consists of a second threaded hole pre-installed on the panel of each light steel floor slab and the top of the second transverse steel beam. This second threaded hole is used to engage the threaded post of the hook for the lifting wire rope. With this structure, the process of lifting the light steel floor slab using an electric hoist, a manual hoist, and the second channel steel is more convenient, faster, smoother, more flexible, stable, and reliable.

[0018] Furthermore, the steel pipe of the steel-concrete composite column is a first rectangular steel pipe; the first transverse steel beam is an H-beam; and the second transverse steel beam is an I-beam. With this structure, fixing the steel pipe of the steel-concrete composite column to the first vertical steel plate, such as by welding, is more convenient, efficient, and results in a stronger connection. The connection between the first transverse steel beam and the reinforcing bars and vertical edge steel in the reinforced concrete precast wall panel is more convenient, stronger, and more reliable. Using I-beams for the second transverse steel beam makes fixing it to the top panel, such as by welding or using multiple screws, more convenient, stronger, and more reliable. The connection between the I-beam and the threaded column on the lifting wire via threaded holes is also more convenient, stronger, and more reliable.

[0019] Furthermore, the height of the transverse elliptical hole is greater than the diameter of the first circular hole at both ends of the first transverse steel beam and on the edge of the precast wall panel. With this structure, under extreme horizontal loads, the reinforced concrete precast wall panel can not only have horizontal displacement relative to the first vertical steel plate and the steel-concrete composite column, but also a certain degree of vertical displacement, resulting in better seismic resistance. This further ensures that the steel-concrete composite column is not impacted or damaged, and consequently, further guarantees the integrity of the steel-structure residential building system under extreme horizontal loads.

[0020] Furthermore, the upper end of the precast wall panel has a vertical groove or vertical protrusion for fitting into the upper panel; the lower end of the precast wall panel has a vertical protrusion or vertical groove for fitting into the lower panel. With this structure, the inner and outer surfaces of the upper and lower reinforced concrete precast wall panels can be kept essentially on the same vertical line, and the overall integrity of the upper and lower reinforced concrete precast wall panels in each unit is better, resulting in stronger protective function as wall panels.

[0021] Furthermore, the structure for fixing the upper and lower steel-concrete composite columns together involves welding multiple anchor bolts to the inner side of the upper steel pipe connection and multiple anchor bolts to the inner side of the lower steel pipe connection, with the upper and lower anchor bolts laterally staggered. The connection between the upper and lower steel pipes is a male-female stop fitting structure, with multiple inverted gourd-shaped holes on the mating vertical plates of the male and female stops. The large heads of multiple fourth bolts pass through the large holes of the inverted gourd-shaped holes and then sink to the small holes, and are then fixed by corresponding fourth nuts. The on-site poured concrete solidifies to form a reinforced fixation. With the above structure, the on-site construction of aligning and fixing the upper and lower steel-concrete composite columns is convenient, quick, and efficient, with a firm and reliable connection. The steel-concrete composite columns have high strength, strong load-bearing capacity, and strong seismic resistance.

[0022] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a construction method for a variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame that can be lifted by equipment such as electric hoists and allows the wall panels to slide upwards, ensuring construction safety, saving on the operating costs of heavy lifting equipment, and improving construction efficiency.

[0023] Another technical solution of the present invention is to provide a construction method for the variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame as described in any of the above technical solutions, comprising the following construction steps:

[0024] (1) The first steel pipe at the bottom of multiple steel pipe concrete columns is lifted to the preset location by a truck crane and then fixed to the foundation with anchor bolts. The first steel pipe at the bottom of multiple units is constructed in one go, and the height of the first steel pipe at the bottom of adjacent horizontal units is different.

[0025] (2) Among the multiple steel pipes distributed horizontally and on the same straight line, the top of the two taller steel pipes is used to erect a temporary horizontal steel beam for hoisting by using bolts and nuts through the horizontal elliptical holes on the first vertical steel plate. Electric hoists or manual hoists installed on the temporary horizontal steel beams are used to lift and connect the steel pipes one by one. After bolting the upper and lower steel pipes at the connection point using the inverted gourd-shaped holes, concrete is poured from the top of the bolted steel pipes and allowed to solidify.

[0026] (3) Install an electric hoist or a manual hoist on the top of the steel pipe concrete column, and then screw the threaded post of the hook of the electric hoist or manual hoist into at least four threaded holes in the precast wall panel. Insert each precast wall panel into the slide formed by two parallel first vertical steel plates of each of the two adjacent steel pipe concrete columns from the bottom end. Start the electric hoist or manual hoist to lift each precast wall panel to a temporary height. After a group of precast wall panels in a unit are at the same temporary height, use multiple first bolts and multiple first nuts to temporarily screw and fix the two sides of each reinforced concrete precast wall panel to the two parallel first vertical steel plates.

[0027] (4) Repeat step (3) once or twice to raise another set of precast wall panels or another set of precast wall panels to the provisional height and temporarily fix them.

[0028] (5) Screw the threaded post of the hook of the electric hoist or manual hoist into at least four threaded holes in the light steel floor slab. Start the electric hoist or manual hoist and lift the light steel floor slab to a temporary height. Then, insert the two ends of the multiple second horizontal steel beams of the grid steel frame into the two parallel second vertical steel plates of the first horizontal steel beam of the multiple precast wall panels. Use multiple second bolts and multiple second nuts to temporarily screw and fix the two ends of each second horizontal steel beam to the two parallel second vertical steel plates of the first horizontal steel beam of the reinforced concrete precast wall panel one by one.

[0029] (6) Repeat steps (2), (4), and (5), namely: the steel pipe concrete column is lifted and fixed and concrete is poured, the precast wall panel is lifted and fixed and the light steel floor slab is lifted and fixed alternately; after the precast wall panel is lifted to the assembly height, multiple first bolts and multiple first nuts are used to permanently screw the precast wall panel to the first vertical steel plate of the steel pipe concrete column; after the light steel floor slab is lifted to the assembly height, multiple second bolts and multiple second nuts are used to permanently screw the light steel floor slab to the second vertical steel plate of the first transverse steel beam of the precast wall panel; until the construction of multiple steel pipe concrete columns, the assembly of multiple precast wall panels and the assembly of multiple light steel floor slabs in a unit are completed; after the assembly is completed, the vertical grooves and vertical protrusions of the upper and lower precast wall panels fit together;

[0030] (7) Repeat construction steps (2)-(6) until the construction of multiple steel pipe concrete columns in each unit of the entire building is completed, and the precast wall panels and light steel floor panels of all floors, including the roof panels, are assembled.

[0031] (8) In construction steps (2)-(7), a scaffold-like construction platform can be erected using multiple horizontal elliptical holes and multiple bolts and nuts on the first vertical steel plate according to the needs of the construction process and construction height, and the scaffold-like construction platform can be dismantled layer by layer from top to bottom after the construction is completed.

[0032] After adopting the above construction steps, the construction method of the variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0033] By utilizing temporary horizontal steel beams and electric or manual hoists at different heights of the steel pipes, the upper and lower steel pipes can be lifted and detachably fixed, and concrete can be poured inside the steel pipes on-site to form steel-concrete composite columns. Simultaneously, all precast wall panels can be lifted layer by layer along the slide formed by the two parallel first vertical steel plates of each of the two adjacent steel-concrete composite columns using temporary horizontal steel beams and electric or manual hoists. The roof panels can be positioned using temporary horizontal steel beams or multiple lifting cylinders, and all light steel floor slabs can be lifted layer by layer along the inner side of the four reinforced concrete precast wall panels using electric or manual hoists. This approach achieves safe construction, significantly shortens the construction period, reduces the workload of heavy construction machinery on-site, aligns with the current advocacy of green construction under a dual-carbon background, substantially saves on the expensive operating costs of heavy lifting equipment, and greatly reduces the probability of construction being affected by adverse weather conditions, thus significantly improving construction efficiency.

[0034] Furthermore, the topmost light steel floor slab serves as the roof slab. When the roof slab is raised to the highest point reachable by the electric or manual hoist, it is temporarily fixed to the first vertical steel plate of multiple steel-concrete composite columns. Then, the electric or manual hoist and the temporary horizontal steel beam are disassembled. Next, hydraulic cylinders are temporarily fixed to the multiple steel-concrete composite columns below the roof slab, and the roof slab is then lifted to the predetermined height using these hydraulic cylinders. By employing these construction steps, multiple lifting hydraulic cylinders can be used to position the roof slab, further ensuring significant savings in the cost of using heavy lifting equipment and greatly improving construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the invention framework. Figure 1 .

[0036] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of A in the diagram.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the invention framework. Figure 2 .

[0038] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the invention framework. Figure 3 .

[0039] Figure 5 This is a top view (partial cross-section) of the structure of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a single-layer BB structure.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a front view structural diagram of a precast reinforced concrete wall panel in the framework of this invention.

[0042] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the CC structure in the image.

[0043] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the DD structure in the image.

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the upper and lower steel pipe fixing structure in the invention framework (the first vertical steel plate is not shown; only a section of each of the upper and lower steel pipes is schematically drawn).

[0045] (Only one unit of the residential building is shown in the above attached figures; except for the second bolt, the other bolts and nuts are not shown in the figures.)

[0046] The diagram shows: 1. Steel-concrete composite column, 2. First vertical steel plate, 3. Horizontal elliptical hole, 4. Reinforced concrete precast wall panel, 5. First horizontal steel beam, 6. Horizontal groove, 7. Light steel floor slab, 8. Panel, 9. Third circular hole, 10. Second circular hole, 11. Second vertical steel plate, 12. Second horizontal steel beam, 13. Grid steel frame, 14. Lower part of the wall panel of the upper room, 15. Second bolt, 16. Upper part of the wall panel of the lower room, 17. First circular hole, 18. I-beam connecting plate, 19. Vertical edge steel, 20. Horizontal edge steel, 21. Vertical groove, 22. Vertical protrusion, 23. First rectangular steel pipe, 24. Anchor bolt, 25. Inverted gourd-shaped hole, 26. Large hole, 27. Small hole. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these descriptions of specific embodiments are for the purpose of aiding understanding the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various specific embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0048] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown.

[0049] This invention relates to a variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame, comprising multiple columns fixed to the foundation. These columns are steel-concrete composite columns 1, with adjacent columns of different heights and mutually fixed. Each steel-concrete composite column 1 has at least two parallel first vertical steel plates 2 welded to its sides, extending along the height direction and forming a sliding track for lifting precast wall panels (such as reinforced concrete precast wall panels 4). Each parallel first vertical steel plate 2 has multiple holes for first bolts, all of which are horizontally elliptical holes 3, thus ensuring that the steel-concrete composite column 1 is not impacted or damaged under extreme horizontal loads. The figure shows two sides; in actual construction, the two parallel first vertical steel plates 2, extending along the height direction and forming a sliding track for lifting precast wall panels, can be welded to three or four sides of each steel-concrete composite column 1. It is easy to understand that, to facilitate the alignment of the precast wall panels at the bottom with the sliding track formed by the two parallel first vertical steel plates 2 above the bottom layer, the lower end of the steel-concrete column 1 can initially have only one first vertical steel plate 2. After all the precast wall panels above the bottom layer are assembled, multiple, such as four, precast wall panels at the bottom layer are then pressed against the first first vertical steel plate 2. Another parallel first vertical steel plate 2 is then welded on-site, aligning the holes for the first bolts. Multiple first bolts are then passed through the transverse elliptical holes 3 and the first circular holes 17, and secured with corresponding first nuts. Alternatively, the bottom layer precast wall panels can rest against only one first vertical steel plate 2, with the transverse elliptical holes 3 located on this first vertical steel plate 2. On the other surface of the precast wall panel without a first vertical steel plate 2, a steel pressure plate with multiple through holes for the first bolts can be provided. Of course, it is preferable to weld another first vertical steel plate 2 on-site.

[0050] The precast wall panel, such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4, has a first transverse steel beam 5 at its midpoint for connection to the light steel floor slab 7. Multiple first bolts pass through transverse elliptical holes 3 in a first vertical steel plate 2, first circular holes 17 located at both ends of the first transverse steel beam 5 and along both sides of the precast wall panel, and another transverse elliptical hole 3 in a first vertical steel plate 2. These bolts are then fixed by multiple first nuts corresponding to the multiple first bolts. It is easy to understand that, in relation to multiple first bolts, the word "and" is used here, meaning some pass through the first circular holes 17 at both ends of the first transverse steel beam 5, while others pass through the first circular holes 17 along both sides of the precast wall panel. In relation to a single first bolt, the word "or" is used here, meaning it passes through either the first circular holes 17 at both ends of the first transverse steel beam 5 or through the first circular holes 17 along both sides of the precast wall panel.

[0051] The light steel floor slab 7 includes a grid-type steel frame 13 composed of multiple second transverse steel beams 12 and a panel 8 fixed to the top surface of the grid-type steel frame 13. The panel 8 of the light steel floor slab 7 can be a steel plate, a precast reinforced concrete slab, or a composite panel, such as a composite panel composed of a steel plate and thermal insulation material.

[0052] Each first transverse steel beam 5 has multiple pairs of second vertical steel plates 11 welded to its inner side for connecting multiple second transverse steel beams 12. One end of each second transverse steel beam 12 is inserted into two parallel second vertical steel plates 11 and fixed by at least one second bolt 15 and at least one second nut. Each second vertical steel plate 11 has at least one second circular hole 10 for the second bolt 15 to pass through. The figure shows that each second vertical steel plate 11 has two second circular holes 10 for the second bolt 15 to pass through. It is easy to understand that the inner side mentioned here is relative to one unit. When assembling multiple units, such as... Figures 1-4 As shown, multiple pairs of second vertical steel plates 11 for connecting multiple second horizontal steel beams 12 are also welded to the other side or outer side of each first horizontal steel beam 5.

[0053] The precast wall panel is preferably a reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4. Each side of the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4 has a vertical edge steel 19 fixed to the first transverse steel beam 5. The first circular holes 17 on the sides of the precast wall panel are located on the vertical edge steel 19 and the concrete body on the sides of the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4. Each of the upper and lower ends of the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4 has a transverse edge steel 20 fixed to the vertical edge steel 19, as if welded. The area above the first transverse steel beam 5 is the lower part of the upper room wall panel 14, and the area below the first transverse steel beam 5 is the upper part of the lower room wall panel 16. The upper and lower reinforced concrete precast wall panels 4 are fixed by multiple pairs of I-beam connecting plates 18, which are screwed together one-to-one by multiple third bolts and multiple third nuts. Both the inner and outer surfaces of the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4 have transverse grooves 6 that fit into each pair of I-beam connecting plates 18. The I-beam connecting plate 18 and the precast reinforced concrete wall panel 4 each have multiple corresponding third circular holes 9 for passing through third bolts in their multiple transverse grooves 6. The vertical side steel 19 can also be called vertical flat steel, and the transverse side steel 20 can also be called transverse flat steel. The transverse grooves 6 can also be called horizontal grooves.

[0054] Each precast wall panel, such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4, has multiple first hanging structures. These first hanging structures are at least four connecting steel columns pre-welded to both ends of the upper transverse side steel or the first transverse steel beam 5, inside the two vertical side steels 19. Each connecting steel column has a first threaded hole for the threaded post to engage with the hook of the lifting wire rope. The outer end faces of two connecting steel columns are flush with the inner surface of the precast wall panel, such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4, and the outer end faces of the other two connecting steel columns are flush with the outer surface of the precast wall panel. It is easy to understand that the inner and outer surfaces of the precast wall panel, such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4, are relative to a single unit; in one unit, they are the inner surface, and in another unit, they are the outer surface.

[0055] The light steel floor slab 7 has multiple second hanging structures. The second hanging structure is a second threaded hole pre-installed on the top of the panel 8 and the second transverse steel beam 12 of each light steel floor slab 7. The second threaded hole is used for the threaded post of the hook for lifting the wire rope to be screwed in.

[0056] The steel tube of the concrete-filled steel tube column 1 is preferably a first rectangular steel tube 23. The first transverse steel beam 5 is preferably an H-beam. The second transverse steel beam 12 is preferably an I-beam. The second transverse steel beam 12 may also be a second rectangular steel tube.

[0057] The height of the transverse elliptical hole 3 is preferably greater than the diameter of the first circular hole 17 on the ends of the first transverse steel beam 5 and the edge of the precast wall panel, such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4.

[0058] The upper end of the precast wall panel, such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4, has a vertical groove 21 or a vertical protrusion 22 for fitting into the upper panel. Figure 8 , Figure 9 The vertical groove 21 is shown; the lower end of the precast wall panel, such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4, has a vertical protrusion 22 or a vertical groove 21 for fitting with the lower panel. Figure 8 , Figure 9 The vertical protrusion 22 is shown. It is easy to understand that the vertical groove 21 or the vertical protrusion 22 both extend laterally through both sides of the width of the precast wall panel, such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4.

[0059] The precast wall panels can also be light steel wall panels, such as those consisting of a grid-type steel frame with steel plates fixed on both sides. The precast wall panels can also be composite wall panels, such as those with steel plates on both sides and reinforced concrete sandwiched in the middle. The upper and lower ends of both the light steel wall panels and the composite wall panels can be designed with interlocking vertical grooves and vertical protrusions at their joints.

[0060] The preferred structure for fixing the upper and lower steel-concrete composite columns 1 to each other is as follows: Multiple anchor bolts 24 are welded to the inner side of the connection between the upper steel pipe (e.g., the first rectangular steel pipe 23). These anchor bolts 24 extend downwards into the lower steel pipe. Similarly, multiple anchor bolts 24 are welded to the inner side of the connection between the lower steel pipe and the first rectangular steel pipe 23. These anchor bolts 24 extend upwards into the upper steel pipe. The lateral positions of the upper and lower anchor bolts 24 are staggered. The connection between the upper and lower steel pipes (e.g., the first rectangular steel pipe 23) is a male-female stop fitting structure. Multiple inverted gourd-shaped holes 25 are located on the vertical plates where the male and female stops fit together. The large heads of multiple fourth bolts pass through the large holes 26 of the inverted gourd-shaped holes 25 and then sink to the small holes 27 of the inverted gourd-shaped holes 25, where fourth nuts are used for corresponding screw-in for fixation. The on-site poured concrete, after solidification, forms a reinforced fixation. This reinforced fixation is also called further fixation. The anchor bolt 24 is preferably a general-purpose bolt. Of course, the threaded shank of the general-purpose bolt can be replaced by a smooth shank.

[0061] The aforementioned horizontal direction can also be referred to as the horizontal direction.

[0062] The construction method for the variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame according to any of the above technical solutions of the present invention includes the following construction steps:

[0063] (1) The first steel pipe at the bottom of the multiple steel pipe concrete columns 1, such as the first rectangular steel pipe 23 at the bottom, is lifted to the preset location by a truck crane and then fixed to the foundation with anchor bolts. The first steel pipe at the bottom of the multiple units, such as the first rectangular steel pipe 23 at the bottom of the multiple units, is constructed in one go. The heights of the first steel pipes at the bottom of the horizontally adjacent units are different.

[0064] (2) Among the multiple steel pipes distributed horizontally and on the same straight line, such as the first rectangular steel pipe 23, the top of the two taller steel pipes, such as the first rectangular steel pipe 23, is used to erect a temporary horizontal steel beam for hoisting by using bolts and nuts through the horizontal elliptical holes 3 on the first vertical steel plate 2. Electric hoists or manual hoists installed on the temporary horizontal steel beams are used to lift and connect the steel pipes, such as the first rectangular steel pipe 23, one by one. After the upper and lower steel pipes, such as the upper and lower first rectangular steel pipes 23, are connected by bolts through the inverted gourd-shaped holes 25, concrete is poured from the top of the bolted steel pipes, such as the first rectangular steel pipe 23, and allowed to solidify.

[0065] (3) Install an electric hoist or manual hoist at the top of the steel pipe concrete column 1, and then screw the threaded post of the hook of the electric hoist or manual hoist into at least four threaded holes in the precast wall panel, such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4. Insert each precast wall panel, such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4, from the bottom end into the slide formed by two parallel first vertical steel plates 2 of each of the two adjacent steel pipe concrete columns 1. Start the electric hoist or manual hoist to lift each precast wall panel, such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4, to a temporary height. After a group of four precast wall panels, such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panels 4, in a unit are all at the same temporary height, use multiple first bolts and multiple first nuts to temporarily screw and fix the two sides of each precast wall panel, such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4, to the two parallel first vertical steel plates 2. In this step, the electric hoist or manual hoist can also be installed on the temporary transverse steel beam provided at the top of the steel pipe concrete column 1.

[0066] (4) Repeat step (3) once or twice to raise another set of wall panels, such as four panels, or another set of four prefabricated wall panels to a provisional height and temporarily fix them.

[0067] (5) Screw the threaded post of the hook of the electric hoist or manual hoist into at least four threaded holes in the light steel floor slab 7, start the electric hoist or manual hoist, and lift the light steel floor slab 7 to a temporary height. Then, insert the two ends of the multiple second horizontal steel beams 12 of the grid steel frame 13 into the two parallel second vertical steel plates 11 of the first horizontal steel beam 5 of the multiple precast wall panels such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4, and use multiple second bolts 15 and multiple second nuts to temporarily screw and fix the two ends of each second horizontal steel beam 12 to the two parallel second vertical steel plates 11 of the first horizontal steel beam 5 of the precast wall panel such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4.

[0068] The temporary bolting fixation during the gradual lifting process in steps (3), (4) and (5) is mainly to consider construction safety issues.

[0069] (6) Repeat steps (2), (4), and (5), that is, the steel pipe concrete column 1 is lifted and fixed and concrete is poured, the precast wall panels such as reinforced concrete precast wall panels 4 are lifted and fixed, and the light steel floor slab 7 is lifted and fixed alternately. After the precast wall panels are lifted to the assembly height, multiple first bolts and multiple first nuts are used to permanently screw and fix the precast wall panels such as reinforced concrete precast wall panels 4 to the first vertical steel plate 2 of the steel pipe concrete column 1. After the light steel floor slab 7 is lifted to the assembly height, multiple second bolts 15 and multiple second nuts are used to permanently screw and fix the light steel floor slab 7 to the second vertical steel plate 11 of the first transverse steel beam 5 of the precast wall panels such as reinforced concrete precast wall panels 4. This continues until the construction of multiple steel pipe concrete columns 1, the assembly of multiple precast wall panels such as reinforced concrete precast wall panels 4, and the assembly of multiple light steel floor slabs 7 in one unit are completed. After assembly, the vertical grooves 21 and vertical protrusions 22 of the upper and lower precast wall panels, such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4, fit together. This permanent bolted fixing can be understood as a formal fixing relative to temporary fixing. It is easy to understand that if reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4 is used, this step also includes fixing the upper and lower reinforced concrete precast wall panels 4 using multiple I-beam connecting plates 18 on both surfaces, with multiple third bolts passing through the corresponding third circular holes 9 and then fixed one-to-one with multiple third nuts.

[0070] (7) Repeat construction steps (2)-(6) until the construction of multiple steel pipe concrete columns 1 in each unit of the entire building is completed, and the precast wall panels such as reinforced concrete precast wall panels 4 and light steel floor panels 7 of all floors, including the roof panels, are assembled.

[0071] (8) In construction steps (2)-(7), a scaffold-like construction platform can be erected using multiple horizontal elliptical holes 3 and multiple bolts and nuts on the first vertical steel plate 2, according to the needs of the construction process and construction height. After the construction is completed, the scaffold-like construction platform is dismantled layer by layer from top to bottom.

[0072] It is easy to understand that after the precast wall panels, such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4 and the light steel floor slab 7, are temporarily fixed, when they are lifted again, the precast wall panels, such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4 or the light steel floor slab 7, must first be hoisted with an electric hoist or a manual hoist, then the temporary bolts and nuts are removed, and the precast wall panels, such as the reinforced concrete precast wall panel 4 or the light steel floor slab 7, are lifted to the predetermined position and then permanently fixed.

[0073] The topmost light steel floor slab 7 is the roof slab. When the roof slab is raised to the highest point that the electric hoist or manual hoist can reach, the roof slab is temporarily fixed to the first vertical steel plate 2 of the multiple steel pipe concrete columns 1, and then the electric hoist or manual hoist is disassembled. If the electric hoist or manual hoist is installed on a temporary horizontal steel beam, then this horizontal steel beam also needs to be disassembled. Then, a lifting cylinder is temporarily fixed to the multiple steel pipe concrete columns 1 below the roof slab, and then the roof slab is lifted to the predetermined height by the cylinder. Of course, in actual construction, another method can be used to lift the topmost light steel floor slab 7 of the roof slab to the predetermined height. That is, the steel pipe concrete columns 1 on the top surface of the roof slab are originally predetermined to be higher than the top surface of the roof slab. After the roof slab is fixed, the hoist is removed, and if there is a temporary horizontal steel beam, the temporary horizontal steel beam is removed. Then, the excess section of the reinforced concrete column that is higher than the top surface of the roof slab is removed or cut off.

[0074] The framework can also be called a structural system.

[0075] It is not difficult to understand that this invention is an improvement on the frame and construction method of variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential buildings. As for the subsequent installation and construction of roof waterproofing, steel pipe concrete columns 1 and prefabricated wall panels such as reinforced concrete wall panels 4 for interior and exterior decoration, light steel floor slabs 7 for upper and lower decoration, stairs, doors, windows, toilets, sewers, thermal insulation, sound insulation, etc., these are not within the scope of protection of this invention and can be constructed using conventional construction methods.

[0076] The multiple holes for bolts mentioned above can be understood as a number, and can be interpreted differently in different contexts, such as several, a dozen, dozens, or hundreds.

[0077] Components, structures, or quantities not marked above are not shown in the drawings. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only; in case of any discrepancies between the drawings and the text description, or between the drawings themselves, the text description shall prevail.

[0078] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame, comprising multiple columns fixed to the foundation, wherein the columns are steel-concrete composite columns and the upper and lower steel-concrete composite columns are fixed to each other; Each precast wall panel has multiple first hanging structures; The light steel floor slab includes a grid-like steel frame composed of multiple second transverse steel beams and a panel fixed to the top surface of the grid-like steel frame. The light steel floor slab has multiple second suspension structures; its characteristic is that: The adjacent steel-concrete composite columns have different heights. Each steel-concrete composite column has two parallel first vertical steel plates welded to its two sides, which extend along the height direction and form a sliding track for lifting the precast wall panel. The two parallel first vertical steel plates have multiple holes for passing through the first bolts. All the holes are horizontal elliptical holes. The height of the horizontal elliptical holes is greater than the diameter of the first circular holes at both ends of the first horizontal steel beam and on the edge of the precast wall panel. The precast wall panel has a first transverse steel beam at the middle of its height for connecting with the light steel floor slab. Multiple first bolts pass through the transverse elliptical holes of a first vertical steel plate, the first circular holes at both ends of the first transverse steel beam and the two sides of the precast wall panel, and the transverse elliptical holes of another first vertical steel plate. They are fixed by multiple first nuts that correspond one-to-one with the multiple first bolts. The precast wall panel is a reinforced concrete precast wall panel. Each side of the precast reinforced concrete wall panel has a vertical edge steel fixed to the first transverse steel beam. The first circular holes on the sides of the precast wall panel are located on the vertical edge steel and the concrete body on the sides of the precast reinforced concrete wall panel. Each end of the precast reinforced concrete wall panel has a transverse edge steel fixed to the vertical edge steel. The wall panel above the first transverse steel beam is the lower part of the upper room wall panel, and the wall panel below the first transverse steel beam is the upper part of the lower room wall panel. The upper and lower precast reinforced concrete wall panels are fixed by multiple pairs of I-beam connecting plates connected one-to-one by multiple third bolts and multiple third nuts. The inner and outer surfaces of the precast reinforced concrete wall panel have transverse grooves for fitting each pair of I-beam connecting plates. The inner side of each first transverse steel beam is welded with multiple pairs of second vertical steel plates for connecting multiple second transverse steel beams. One end of each second transverse steel beam is inserted into two parallel second vertical steel plates and fixed by a second bolt and a second nut. Using temporary transverse steel beams and electric or manual hoists at different heights of the steel pipes, the upper and lower steel pipes are lifted and fixed, and concrete is poured inside the steel pipes on site to form steel pipe concrete columns. Electric or manual hoists installed on the steel pipe concrete piles slide along the slide formed by two parallel first vertical steel plates of each of the two adjacent steel pipe concrete columns to lift all the precast wall panels. Electric or manual hoists are also used to lift all the light steel floor slabs.

2. The variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first suspension structure consists of four connecting steel columns pre-welded to both ends of the upper transverse side steel or the first transverse steel beam on the inner sides of the two vertical side steels. Each connecting steel column has a first threaded hole for the threaded post to engage with the hook for lifting the wire rope. The outer ends of the two steel columns... The outer surface of the first steel column is flush with the inner surface of the precast reinforced concrete wall panel, and the outer surfaces of the other two connecting steel columns are flush with the outer surface of the precast reinforced concrete wall panel.

3. The variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second suspension structure is a second threaded hole pre-installed on the panel of each light steel floor slab and the top of the second transverse steel beam. The second threaded hole is used for the threaded post of the hook for lifting the wire rope to be screwed in.

4. The variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The steel pipe of the steel-concrete composite column is a first rectangular steel pipe; the first transverse steel beam is an H-beam; and the second transverse steel beam is an I-beam.

5. The variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precast wall panel has a vertical groove or vertical protrusion at its upper end for fitting with the upper panel; the precast wall panel has a vertical protrusion or vertical groove at its lower end for fitting with the lower panel.

6. The variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure for fixing the upper and lower steel-concrete composite columns together is as follows: multiple anchor bolts are welded to the inner side of the upper steel pipe connection, and multiple anchor bolts are also welded to the inner side of the lower steel pipe connection. The upper and lower anchor bolts are laterally staggered. The connection between the upper and lower steel pipes is a male-female stop fitting structure. The vertical plates of the male and female stops that fit together have multiple inverted gourd-shaped holes. The large heads of multiple fourth bolts pass through the large holes of the inverted gourd-shaped holes and sink down to the small holes of the inverted gourd-shaped holes. Then, fourth nuts are used to screw them in one by one to fix them. The concrete poured on site forms a reinforced fixation after it solidifies.

7. The variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The topmost light steel floor slab is the roof slab. When the roof slab is raised to the highest point that the electric hoist or manual hoist can reach, the roof slab is temporarily fixed to the first vertical steel plate of the multiple steel pipe concrete columns. Then the electric hoist or manual hoist is disassembled, and then the jacking cylinder is temporarily fixed on the multiple steel pipe concrete columns below the roof slab. The roof slab is then lifted to the predetermined height position by the jacking cylinder.

8. A construction method for a variable stiffness prefabricated multi-story steel structure residential frame according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The construction steps include the following: 1) The first steel pipe at the bottom of multiple steel pipe concrete columns is lifted to the preset location by a truck crane and then fixed to the foundation with anchor bolts. The first steel pipe at the bottom of multiple units is constructed in one go, and the height of the first steel pipe at the bottom of adjacent horizontal units is different. 2) Among the multiple steel pipes distributed horizontally and on the same straight line, the top of the two taller steel pipes is used to erect a temporary horizontal steel beam for hoisting by using bolts and nuts through the horizontal elliptical holes on the first vertical steel plate. Electric hoists or manual hoists installed on the temporary horizontal steel beams are used to lift and connect the steel pipes one by one. The upper and lower steel pipes are connected by bolts through the inverted gourd-shaped holes. Concrete is poured from the top of the bolted steel pipes and allowed to solidify. 3) Install the electric hoist or manual hoist at the top of the steel pipe concrete column, and then screw the threaded post of the wire rope hook of the electric hoist or manual hoist into the four threaded holes of the precast wall panel. Insert each precast wall panel into the slide formed by the two parallel first vertical steel plates of each of the two adjacent steel pipe concrete columns from the bottom end. Start the electric hoist or manual hoist to lift each precast wall panel to the provisional height. After all the precast wall panels of a unit are at the same provisional height, use multiple first bolts and multiple first nuts to temporarily screw and fix the two sides of each reinforced concrete precast wall panel to the two parallel first vertical steel plates. 4) Repeat step 3) once or twice to raise another set of precast wall panels or yet another set of precast wall panels to the provisional height and temporarily fix them; 5) Screw the threaded post of the hook of the electric hoist or manual hoist into the four threaded holes of the light steel floor slab. Start the electric hoist or manual hoist and lift the light steel floor slab to the temporary height. Then, insert the two ends of the multiple second horizontal steel beams of the grid steel frame into the two parallel second vertical steel plates of the first horizontal steel beam of the multiple precast wall panels. Use multiple second bolts and multiple second nuts to temporarily screw and fix the two ends of each second horizontal steel beam to the two parallel second vertical steel plates of the first horizontal steel beam of the reinforced concrete precast wall panel one by one. 6) Repeat steps 2), 4), and 5, that is: the steel pipe concrete column is lifted and fixed and concrete is poured, the precast wall panel is lifted and fixed, and the light steel floor slab is lifted and fixed alternately; after the precast wall panel is lifted to the assembly height, multiple first bolts and multiple first nuts are used to permanently screw the precast wall panel to the first vertical steel plate of the steel pipe concrete column; after the light steel floor slab is lifted to the assembly height, multiple second bolts and multiple second nuts are used to permanently screw the light steel floor slab to the second vertical steel plate of the first transverse steel beam of the precast wall panel; until the construction of multiple steel pipe concrete columns, the assembly of multiple precast wall panels, and the assembly of multiple light steel floor slabs in one unit are completed; after the assembly is completed, the vertical grooves and vertical protrusions of the upper and lower precast wall panels fit together; 7) Repeat construction steps 2)-6) until the construction of multiple steel pipe concrete columns in each unit of the entire building is completed, and the precast wall panels and light steel floor slabs of all floors, including the roof slab, are assembled. 8) In construction steps 2)-7), a scaffold-like construction platform can be erected using multiple horizontal elliptical holes and multiple bolts and nuts on the first vertical steel plate, depending on the needs of the construction process and construction height. After the construction is completed, the scaffold-like construction platform can be dismantled layer by layer from top to bottom.

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