Wind turbine vibration detection device

Abstract

This invention provides a vibration detection device for wind turbine generators. The device includes a main body structure, which comprises a sensor under test, a frame, a guide rod, an eccentric shaft, a crank, a servo motor, a working slide plate, a linear bearing, a guide plate, a slide rail, and a calibration sensor. The device also includes a control system and a wind turbine generator safety chain system. The guide plate is connected to the inner wall of the frame, the slide rail is set on the guide plate, the lower surface of the working slide plate is connected to the linear bearing, and the guide rod passes through the linear bearing. This invention solves the problem that in the past, when there was no excitation source in the vibration detection process of wind turbine generators, all the physical and electrical structures of the sensors to be tested inside the wind turbine nacelle had to be completely disassembled and taken to a ground testing center. After the test was completed, the sensors had to be reset, which was very inconvenient and difficult. In addition, the reinstallation process was likely to cause some errors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy utilization technology, specifically relating to a vibration detection device for wind turbine generators. Background Technology

[0002] Wind energy is a clean and renewable energy source, and wind power generation is an extremely important and promising method of power generation. Wind power generation is achieved through wind turbine units that convert the mechanical energy of wind into electrical energy. A wind turbine unit mainly consists of three parts: blades, nacelle, and tower. The gearbox and generator are located within the nacelle. The blades are connected to the generator in the nacelle via a main shaft, so that when the blades rotate under wind power, they drive the generator to generate electricity, thus realizing the conversion of wind mechanical energy into electrical energy. A crucial monitoring and control component in the wind turbine safety chain is the vibration sensor, installed in the top nacelle. It is used to detect abnormal vibrations in the wind turbine nacelle, including overall turbine vibration, gearbox vibration, generator vibration, and rotor vibration. When the nacelle vibration increases abnormally, the safety chain is triggered, retracting the propellers and shutting down the turbine to ensure safe operation. Therefore, during turbine assembly, the functionality of the vibration sensor should be checked. Furthermore, over long-term use, the performance of the vibration sensor may degrade or even fail. Therefore, based on these requirements, a simple and practical detection device has been developed.

[0003] In the past, when there was no excitation source during the vibration testing of wind turbine units, all the physical and electrical structures of the sensors to be tested inside the wind turbine nacelle had to be disassembled and taken to the ground testing center. After the testing was completed, the sensors were then reset. The whole process was very inconvenient and difficult, and there was a high possibility of some errors during the secondary installation process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wind turbine vibration detection device, which can solve the problem that in the past wind turbine vibration detection process, without the presence of an excitation source, all the physical and electrical structures of the sensors to be tested in the wind turbine nacelle had to be completely disassembled and taken to a ground testing center. After the test was completed, the sensors were then reset. The whole process was very inconvenient and difficult, and some errors were likely to occur during the secondary installation process.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a wind turbine vibration detection device, comprising a main body structure, which includes a sensor under test, a frame, a guide rod, an eccentric shaft, a crank, a servo motor, a working slide plate, a linear bearing, a guide plate, a slide rail, and a calibration sensor. The detection device also includes a control system and a wind turbine safety chain system.

[0006] The guide plate is connected to the inner wall of the frame, the slide rail is set on the guide plate, the lower surface of the working slide is connected to the linear bearing, the guide rod passes through the linear bearing, and both ends of the guide rod are connected to the inner wall of the frame. The sensor under test is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the working slide. The eccentric shaft is fixedly connected to the crank, the crank is connected to the servo motor, the eccentric shaft is embedded in the slide rail, and the eccentric shaft and the slide rail are slidably connected. The sensor under test and the calibration sensor are both fixedly connected to the upper surface of the working slide. The servo motor is connected to the control system signal.

[0007] In the first state, the sensor under test is connected to the wind turbine safety chain system; in the second state, the sensor under test is connected to the control system.

[0008] Optionally, the control system includes: a switching power supply, a servo motor driver, a terminal block, a servo motor, a controller, a touch screen, and a cab adapter.

[0009] The switching power supply, servo motor driver, terminal block, touch screen, CAB adapter, and servo motor are all connected to the controller signal. The switching power supply is connected to the terminal block signal. The terminal block is connected to the servo motor driver signal. The servo motor driver is connected to the servo motor signal.

[0010] In the second state, the sensor under test is connected to the controller signal.

[0011] Optionally, the connection method between the switching power supply and the terminal block and controller is as follows: the N terminal of the switching power supply is connected to terminal block x-3, the L1 terminal of the switching power supply is connected to terminal block x-2, the negative terminal of the switching power supply is connected to terminal blocks x-5 and x-7, and the negative terminal of the switching power supply is connected to the 1M pin and M pin of the controller; the positive terminal of the switching power supply is connected to terminal blocks x-4 and x-6, and the positive terminal of the switching power supply is connected to the L+ and 2L+ pins of the controller; terminal block x-1 is grounded.

[0012] Optionally, the controller can be connected to the terminal block and the cab adapter as follows: the controller's IX.0 is connected to the terminal block's X-8; the controller's 1M signal is connected to the controller's 2M signal; and the controller's QX.0 and QX.4 are both connected to the cab adapter signal.

[0013] Optionally, the connection method between the servo motor driver and the terminal block is as follows: the J1 port of the servo motor driver is connected to x-9, x-10, x-11, x-12, x-13, and x-14 of the terminal block; the connection method between the servo motor and the terminal block is as follows: the J1 port of the servo motor is connected to U, V, W, 0V, DC20-90, and auxiliary pins of the terminal block; the 24VDC of the terminal block is connected to DC20-90 in the J1 port of the servo motor; and the GND of the terminal block is connected to 0V in the J1 port of the servo motor.

[0014] Optionally, the touchscreen is connected to the terminal block as follows: the touchscreen's x1.1 pin is connected to the terminal block's 24VDC pin, and the touchscreen's x1.2 pin is connected to the terminal block's GND pin.

[0015] The J2 port of the servo motor driver is connected to the motor encoder feedback of the servo motor.

[0016] Beneficial effects

[0017] The wind turbine vibration detection device provided in the embodiments of the present invention is directly applied to the nacelle of the wind turbine. In offline detection mode, it can effectively introduce the trigger signal from the sensor under test, and the trigger signal introduced to the control system serves as a system feedback signal. When the sensor under test is triggered, it feeds back the position signal to the control system through the above connection. The touchscreen interface displays the current vibration trigger value, indicating offline detection. When the electrical structure of the sensor under test is connected to the wind turbine safety chain system, i.e., when no feedback signal is introduced to the control system, it is in online detection mode. The vibration detection device is equivalent to a portable excitation source, capable of generating an excitation signal. This excitation signal triggers the sensor under test, which then transmits the triggered signal to the wind turbine safety chain system. This is equivalent to performing an online test on the sensor under test, thereby determining its condition and providing convenience for detecting important protection functions of the wind turbine.

[0018] advantage:

[0019] 1. It complies with the "coal-to-electricity" policy, can significantly reduce the emission of environmental pollutants, is environmentally friendly, and conforms to the development mode of green development.

[0020] 2. This device is equivalent to a portable excitation source, which brings convenience to the testing of important protection functions of wind turbine units and effectively improves the efficiency of wind power operations.

[0021] 3. Vibration signals are difficult to obtain from wind turbines, and the timeliness of triggering is questionable. However, the vibration test bench used in this device can effectively solve this problem by detecting vibration sensors, thereby improving the detection accuracy and efficiency of vibration sensors in the safety chain of wind turbines. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a top view of the detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention, with the sensor under test and the working slide removed.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention with the main structure and the sensor under test removed.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical mechanism of the detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a system flowchart of the detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the detection device and the safety system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is an electrical connection diagram of the controller, switching power supply, and terminal block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is an electrical connection diagram of the touch screen, servo motor, and servo motor controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0031] 1. Body structure; 2. Sensor under test; 3. Frame; 4. Guide rod; 5. Eccentric shaft; 6. Crank; 7. Servo motor; 8. Working slide plate; 9. Linear bearing; 10. Guide plate; 11. Slide rail; 12. Calibration sensor; 13. Switching power supply; 14. Controller; 15. Servo motor driver; 16. Terminal block; 17. Touch screen; 18. CAB adapter. Detailed Implementation

[0032] See also Figures 1 to 8 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, it includes a main body structure, please refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 3 The main structure includes a sensor under test 2, a frame 3, a guide rod 4, an eccentric shaft 5, a crank 6, a servo motor 7, a working slide plate 8, a linear bearing 9, a guide plate 10, a slide rail 11, and a calibration sensor 12. The detection device also includes a control system and a wind turbine safety chain system. The guide plate 10 is connected to the inner wall of the frame 3. The slide rail 11 is set on the guide plate 10. The lower surface of the working slide plate 8 is connected to the linear bearing 9. The guide rod 4 passes through the linear bearing 9, and both ends of the guide rod 4 are connected to the inner wall of the frame 3. The sensor under test 2 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the working slide plate 8. The eccentric shaft 5 is fixedly connected to the crank 6. The crank 6 is connected to the servo motor 7. The eccentric shaft 5 is embedded in the slide rail 11, and the eccentric shaft 5 and the slide rail 11 are slidably connected. The sensor under test 2 and the calibration sensor 12 are both fixedly connected to the upper surface of the working slide plate 8. The servo motor 7 is connected to the control system signal. Please refer to... Figure 6 In the first state, the sensor under test 2 is connected to the wind turbine safety chain system signal; in the second state, the sensor under test 2 is connected to the control system signal. The first state is the online detection state, and the second state is the offline detection state.

[0033] The technical solution adopted by this device is described in detail below. Figure 4 The sensor 2 under test is fixedly connected to the upper part of the working slide plate 8 by bolts, and a calibration sensor 12 is also fixedly installed by bolts. The crank 6 is set with a radius of r.

[0034] When crank 6 rotates at a constant angular velocity ω, taking left as the positive direction... Let r be the rotation angle of crank 6 with radius r.

[0035] The displacement of the working slide is:

[0036]

[0037] Instantaneous velocity is:

[0038]

[0039] In the formula: ω—crank angular velocity, —The derivative of the working slide displacement.

[0040] Instantaneous acceleration is

[0041]

[0042] According to the above formula, the acceleration changes within one cycle.

[0043] If we take r = 20mm, when When the angle is 180°, a takes its maximum value. max :

[0044] a max =±ω 2 r (4)

[0045] For example, a max =0.5g≈5m / s 2

[0046] but:

[0047] Therefore, n = ω / 2π = 2.516 r / s = 151 rpm.

[0048] This is the required rotational speed of crank 6. The required speed is derived from mechanical design and theoretical calculations. The control system program will provide the corresponding speed. The design is reasonable, and extensive experiments have proven that the detection device is accurate and easy to operate.

[0049] The working principle of this testing device is as follows: When the servo motor 7 is started, it drives the crank 6 to rotate, and the eccentric shaft 5 also rotates around the axis of the crank 6. Since the eccentric shaft 5 is inserted into the rectangular slide rail 11 of the guide plate 10, the rotation of the crank 6 drives the guide plate 10, which in turn drives the working slide plate 8 to reciprocate at varying speeds, causing the sensor under test 2 on it to reciprocate at varying speeds. By changing the speed of the servo motor 7, the required acceleration is generated, thereby achieving the purpose of testing the performance of the cabin vibration sensor. A calibration sensor 12 is also installed on the working slide plate 8 next to the sensor under test 2. Its purpose is to calculate the speed of the servo motor 7 when the servo motor 7 is started, according to the above principle. This speed is set in the control software, but due to manufacturing and installation errors, the generated acceleration may have errors. This calibration sensor can be used to pre-calibrate the motor speed to achieve the required acceleration before measuring the performance of the sensor under test to ensure accurate detection.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 5 This invention discloses a test sensor 2 used in conjunction with a vibration detection device. The test sensor 2 and the working slide plate 8 are fixedly connected. A calibration sensor 12 is connected to an external microcontroller. The central shaft of the crank 6 is fixedly connected to a servo motor 7. The servo motor driver 15 is electrically connected to a controller 14, forming a detection system. The detection process is divided into two parts: detection and calibration. The detection process first fixes the test sensor 2, determines its fixed position, and then mechanically secures it before performing the detection operation. The calibration process first fixes the calibration sensor 12 and initializes its initial value to ensure that the initial state of the calibration sensor 12 is the same as that of the vibration detection device. Then, the vibration detection device is started, and the signal value of the calibration sensor 12 is analyzed to determine and calibrate the detection device. This invention can successfully detect the effectiveness of the test sensor 2, solving the problems of time consumption and cost in the detection process. At the same time, the use of the calibration sensor 12 to calibrate the detection device greatly improves the accuracy.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The control system of this device specifically includes: a switching power supply 13, a servo motor driver 15, a terminal block 16, a controller 14, a touch screen 17, and a cab adapter 18; the switching power supply 13, the servo motor driver 15, the terminal block 16, the touch screen 17, the cab adapter 18, and the servo motor 7 are all connected to the controller 14; the switching power supply 13 is connected to the terminal block 16; the terminal block 16 is connected to the servo motor driver 15; and the servo motor driver 15 is connected to the servo motor 7.

[0052] In the second state, the sensor under test 2 is connected to the controller 14 via signal, that is, the sensor under test 2 is connected to the controller 14 via signal in the offline state.

[0053] The N terminal of the switching power supply 13 is connected to terminal x-3 of terminal block 16, the L1 terminal of the switching power supply 13 is connected to terminal x-2 of terminal block 16, the negative terminal of the switching power supply 13 is connected to terminals x-5 and x-7 of terminal block 16, and the negative terminal of the switching power supply 13 is connected to pins 1M and M of controller 14; the positive terminal of the switching power supply 13 is connected to terminals x-4 and x-6 of terminal block 16, and the positive terminal of the switching power supply 13 is connected to pins L+ and 2L+ of controller 14; terminal x-1 of terminal block 16 is grounded; thus, the switching power supply 13 supplies power to controller 14 and external devices through terminal block 16.

[0054] The 1M and 2M signals in controller 14 are connected, and QX.0 and QX.4 in controller 14 are both connected to the cab adapter 18 to realize signal transmission between controller 14 and servo motor driver 15.

[0055] The controller 14's IX.0 pin is connected to the x-8 signal of terminal block 16. The electrical structure of the sensor under test is also connected to the x-8 signal of terminal block 16, effectively introducing the trigger signal from the sensor under test 2. This trigger signal is then used as a system feedback signal. When the vibration switch sensor is triggered, it feeds back the position signal to the control system through the above connection. The touchscreen 17 displays the current vibration trigger value, indicating offline detection. When the electrical structure of the sensor under test is connected to the fan safety chain system, it indicates online detection when no feedback signal is introduced.

[0056] The J1 port of the servo motor driver 15 is connected to x-9, x-10, x-11, x-12, x-13, and x-14 of the terminal block 16. The J1 port of the servo motor 7 is connected to the U, V, W, 0V, DC20-90, and auxiliary pins of the terminal block 16. The 24VDC of the terminal block 16 is connected to the DC20-90 of the J1 port of the servo motor 7. The GND of the terminal block 16 is connected to the 0V of the J1 port of the servo motor 7. Both the servo motor driver 15 and the servo motor 7 are connected to the terminal block 16 for signal connection. This is to facilitate the connection of equipment in actual testing and to facilitate the disassembly and transportation of the equipment.

[0057] The x1.1 pin of the touch screen 17 is connected to the 24VDC pin of the terminal block 16, and the x1.2 pin of the touch screen 17 is connected to the GND pin of the terminal block 16; the J2 port of the servo motor driver 15 is connected to the motor encoding feedback signal of the servo motor 7 to realize data exchange between the servo motor driver and the servo motor, which facilitates the connection of the equipment in actual testing and facilitates the disassembly and transportation of the equipment.

[0058] This system uses a touchscreen 17 to send vibration values ​​set by the inspector to a controller 14. The controller 14 processes the data, converting the vibration values ​​into pulses and frequencies. Through a signal connection between the controller 14 and a servo motor driver 15, the servo motor driver 15 receives the pulses and frequencies and controls the rotation of the servo motor 7. The encoder of the servo motor 7 receives the motor encoding feedback signal and feeds it back to the servo motor driver 15. The servo motor 7 processes the signal and adjusts itself. The servo motor 7 is mechanically connected to the crank 6, which drives the working slide plate 8 to move. The sensor under test 2, fixed on the working slide plate 8, moves along with the servo motor 7, thus achieving the purpose of detecting the sensor under test 2. This detection process effectively solves the problems of cumbersome and inaccurate detection of the sensor under test 2 currently, offering convenient operation, high detection accuracy, and the ability to perform both online and offline detection, making the detection process more flexible.

[0059] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the aforementioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.

Claims

1. A wind turbine generator vibration detection device, characterized by, The main body structure includes the sensor under test (2), frame (3), guide rod (4), eccentric shaft (5), crank (6), servo motor (7), working slide plate (8), linear bearing (9), guide plate (10), slide rail (11) and calibration sensor (12). The detection device also includes a control system and a wind turbine safety chain system. The guide plate (10) is connected to the inner wall of the frame (3), the slide rail (11) is set on the guide plate (10), the lower surface of the working slide plate (8) is connected to the linear bearing (9), the guide rod (4) passes through the linear bearing (9), and the two ends of the guide rod (4) are connected to the inner wall of the frame (3). The sensor under test (2) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the working slide plate (8), the eccentric shaft (5) is fixedly connected to the crank (6), the crank (6) is connected to the servo motor (7), the eccentric shaft (5) is embedded in the slide rail (11), and the eccentric shaft (5) and the slide rail (11) are slidably connected. The sensor under test (2) and the calibration sensor (12) are both fixedly connected to the upper surface of the working slide plate (8), and the servo motor (7) is connected to the control system signal. In the first state, the sensor under test (2) is connected to the wind turbine safety chain system; in the second state, the sensor under test (2) is connected to the control system. The first state is when the detection is online, and the second state is when the detection is offline. The control system includes: a switching power supply (13), a servo motor driver (15), a terminal block (16), a controller (14), a touch screen (17), and a cab adapter (18). The switching power supply (13), servo motor driver (15), terminal block (16), touch screen (17), cab adapter (18), and servo motor (7) are all connected to the controller (14) for signal connection. The switching power supply (13) is connected to the terminal block (16) for signal connection. The terminal block (16) is connected to the servo motor driver (15) for signal connection. The servo motor driver (15) is connected to the servo motor (7) for signal connection. In the second state, the sensor under test (2) is connected to the controller (14) via signal connection; Connection method between touch screen (17) and terminal block (16): the x1.1 pin of touch screen (17) is connected to the 24VDC pin of terminal block (16), and the x1.2 pin of touch screen (17) is connected to the GND pin of terminal block (16); The J2 port of the servo motor driver (15) is connected to the motor encoder feedback of the servo motor (7).

2. The wind turbine generator vibration detection device according to claim 1, characterized by, Connection method of switching power supply (13) to terminal block (16) and controller (14): N of switching power supply (13) is connected to x-3 of terminal block (16), L1 of switching power supply (13) is connected to x-2 of terminal block (16), negative of switching power supply (13) is connected to x-5 and x-7 of terminal block (16), negative of switching power supply (13) is connected to 1M pin and M pin of controller (14); positive of switching power supply (13) is connected to x-4 and x-6 of terminal block (16), positive of switching power supply (13) is connected to L+ and 2L+ pin of controller (14); x-1 of terminal block (16) is grounded.

3. The wind turbine generator vibration detection device according to claim 1, wherein Connection method of controller (14) to terminal block (16) and cab adapter (18): IX.0 of controller (14) is connected to x-8 of terminal block (16); 1M of controller (14) is connected to 2M signal of controller (14); QX.0 and QX.4 of controller (14) are both connected to cab adapter (18) signal.

4. The wind turbine generator vibration detection device according to claim 1, characterized by, Connection method between servo motor driver (15) and terminal block (16): J1 port of servo motor driver (15) is connected to x-9, x-10, x-11, x-12, x-13, and x-14 of terminal block (16). Connection method between servo motor (7) and terminal block (16): J1 port of servo motor (7) is connected to U, V, W, 0V, DC20-90, and auxiliary pins of terminal block (16). 24VDC of terminal block (16) is connected to DC20-90 in J1 port of servo motor (7). GND of terminal block (16) is connected to 0V in J1 port of servo motor (7).

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