An aeronautical gear transmission

Abstract

The application discloses an aviation gear transmission device and relates to the technical field of transmission, which comprises an input shaft, the input shaft is installed with separable multi-tooth sun gears, each group of teeth of the sun gears is engaged with a group of input planetary gears; the input planetary gears are installed on an intermediate shaft, the output end of the intermediate shaft is correspondingly installed with the same number of output planetary gears as that of the input planetary gears, the output planetary gears are arranged on the inner side of separable multi-tooth fixed gear rings; each group of input planetary gears and output planetary gears are connected through a planet carrier. The gear teeth and the central plane area of each gear are made of steel material, and the front and rear tooth surfaces of the gear are formed by the composite super material attached to the outer side of the steel material. The application can realize high power-to-weight ratio and low vibration transmission, and can achieve the purposes of increasing the gear strength and reducing the weight of the transmission device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transmission technology, and more particularly to an aircraft gear transmission device. Background Technology

[0002] Transmission mechanisms, serving as the link between the power system and the working mechanism, are widely used in aerospace vehicles. Currently, the aerospace industry is developing rapidly, further increasing the requirements and demand for precision transmission mechanisms. Gear transmission devices are the most widely used transmission method in aerospace. Weight is a critical variable that must be controlled in the aerospace field. Lower weight means lower cost and greater operational flexibility. However, traditional gears are mostly made of cast steel, resulting in significant weight.

[0003] Furthermore, current aerospace applications are focused on improving the thrust-to-weight ratio and power of engines, leading to increasingly higher speeds and heavier loads for gear systems. This demands higher gear strength and the ability to withstand larger loads, resulting in increased tooth thickness, volume, and weight – contradicting the aerospace industry's lightweight design principles. Moreover, errors in gear machining and assembly, along with the periodic variations in the stiffness of meshing gear teeth, inevitably cause gear vibration, affecting transmission accuracy, the lifespan of transmission components, and generating noise. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an aviation gear transmission device that can achieve high power-to-weight ratio and low vibration transmission, and can also increase gear strength and reduce the weight of the transmission device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides an aerospace gear transmission device, including an input shaft. The input shaft is equipped with a separable multi-set sun gear, each set of teeth on which meshes with a set of input planet gears. The input planet gears are mounted on an intermediate shaft, and the output end of the intermediate shaft is equipped with an output planet gear having the same number of sets as the input planet gears. The output planet gears are located inside the separable multi-set fixed gear ring. Each set of input planet gears and output planet gears are connected by a planet carrier. The teeth and central plane area of ​​each gear are made of steel, and a composite metamaterial is attached to the outside of the steel material to form the front and rear tooth surfaces of the gear.

[0007] As a further implementation, the composite metamaterial includes cells and a matrix, with the cells uniformly distributed on the surface of the matrix.

[0008] As a further implementation, the cell includes a nonlinear rubber structure and an oscillator, with the nonlinear rubber structure wrapping around the outside of the oscillator.

[0009] As a further implementation, the oscillator is cylindrical, and the nonlinear rubber structure is annular.

[0010] As a further implementation, both the sun gear and the fixed gear ring adopt a separate multi-tooth structure so that the meshing transmission can be achieved either by the simultaneous meshing of multiple sets of teeth or by the meshing of a single set of teeth.

[0011] As a further implementation, the sun gear, input planet gear, output planet gear, and fixed gear ring all adopt a staggered double helical gear structure.

[0012] As a further implementation, the meshing phases of the input planetary gears and output planetary gears with the separate sun gear and ring gear are staggered.

[0013] As a further implementation, each gear consists of multiple tooth structures with identical parameters, and adjacent tooth structures are connected by bolts.

[0014] As a further implementation, the input shaft and intermediate shaft adopt a periodic metamaterial structure.

[0015] As a further implementation, each set of input planetary gears and output planetary gears is equipped with three gears to form an equilateral triangle structure.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] (1) The present invention uses composite metamaterials and steel to design composite gears, fixed gear rings and planetary carriers, which can improve the power-to-weight ratio of the transmission system. The transmission mode in which the sun gear and gear ring mesh with multiple sets of planetary gears respectively makes each planetary gear have only one meshing relationship, reducing the difficulty of meshing phase adjustment and the load on a single gear, thereby improving the transmission power of the system and reducing system vibration; it can meet the requirements of the aerospace field for transmission devices.

[0018] (2) The sun gear and fixed gear ring of the present invention adopt a split multi-tooth gear design, which meshes with multiple sets of input planet gears and output planet gears respectively. Each gear adopts a staggered double helical gear structure and performs meshing phase matching adjustment, which can realize multi-gear power splitting, meshing phase staggering and increase the number of teeth meshing at the same time, thereby improving the system load capacity, power density, reducing meshing stiffness changes and vibration noise. Since the input sun gear and output gear ring are both split multi-tooth structures, the system can still work when a set of teeth of the gear fails, which increases the redundancy of the system and improves the safety of the system.

[0019] (3) The drive shaft of the present invention adopts a composite material periodic metamaterial structure, which can reduce system vibration and noise. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the sun gear according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of gear meshing stiffness variation according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a gear according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the composite metamaterial and cellular structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Among them, 1. Input shaft; 2. Sun gear; 2-1. Steel material; 2-2. Composite metamaterial; 2-2-1. Cell; 2-2-1-1. Nonlinear rubber structure; 2-2-1-2. Oscillator; 2-2-2. Matrix; 3. Input planet gear; 3-1. Input planet gear a; 3-2. Input planet gear b; 3-3. Input planet gear c; 3-4. Input planet gear d; 3-5. Input planet gear e; 3-6. Input planet gear f; 4. Intermediate shaft; 5. Fixed gear ring; 6. Output planet gear; 7. Planet carrier; 8. Gear meshing stiffness variation curve. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] Traditional gear transmission devices are mostly designed and manufactured using steel materials, resulting in a large weight. Furthermore, there are no effective measures to reduce the vibration of the transmission device caused by gear assembly errors and changes in gear meshing stiffness, thus failing to meet the requirements of the aerospace field for transmission devices. This embodiment provides an aerospace gear transmission device that, by improving the materials and structure of the gear transmission device, can reduce the weight of the device and achieve a high power-to-weight ratio and low vibration transmission.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the aviation gear transmission device includes an input shaft 1, a sun gear 2, input planet gears 3, an intermediate shaft 4, a fixed gear ring 5, output planet gears 6, and a planet carrier 7. A separable multi-set sun gear 2 is mounted on the input shaft 1, and each sun gear 2 meshes with multiple sets of input planet gears 3 in the circumferential direction.

[0031] In this embodiment, a separable double-toothed sun gear 2 is mounted on the input shaft 1. Each set of teeth on the sun gear 2 corresponds to a set of input planet gears 3, resulting in a total of two sets of input planet gears 3. Each set contains three input planet gears 3, forming a configuration as follows: Figure 2 The equilateral triangle structure shown utilizes the stability of the triangle to achieve smooth transmission.

[0032] Understandably, in other embodiments, the number of teeth in the separable sun gear 2 can be other values, and the number of each set of input planetary gears 3 meshing with the sun gear 2 can also be reasonably selected according to the input torque and the specific working parameters of the gears.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, two sets of input planetary gears 3 meshing with the sun gear 2 are mounted on the intermediate shaft 4 and connected by the planet carrier 7. The output end of the intermediate shaft 4 is equipped with the same number of output planetary gears 6 as the input planetary gears 3. That is, in this embodiment, each intermediate shaft 4 is equipped with one input planetary gear 3 and one output planetary gear 6. Each output planetary gear 6 is disposed inside the fixed gear ring 5, and the planet carrier 7 connects the output planetary gears 6 and outputs power.

[0034] In this embodiment, both the input shaft 1 and the intermediate shaft 4 adopt a composite material periodic metamaterial structure design to reduce the vibration and noise generated by the gears.

[0035] The meshing transmission between the sun gear 2 and the input planet gear 3 drives the intermediate shaft 4 to rotate, thereby causing the output planet gear 6 to rotate synchronously with the input planet gear 3. By using two sets of input planet gears 3 meshing with the sun gear 2, and two sets of output planet gears 6 meshing with the fixed ring gear 5, the working load of a single gear can be significantly reduced, achieving power splitting.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, input planetary gears a3-1, b3-2, and c3-3 constitute the first group of input planetary gears 3, while input planetary gears d3-4, e3-5, and f3-6 constitute the second group of input planetary gears 3. These two groups of planetary gears 3 mesh with the two sets of teeth of the sun gear 2, respectively. Through meshing phase adjustment, the meshing phases of the first and second groups of planetary gears 3 with the sun gear 2 are staggered. In this embodiment, the sun gear 2 rotates clockwise, as... Figure 2At the moment of meshing transmission shown, one set of teeth of the first set of planetary gears 3 and the sun gear 2 are in the double-tooth meshing zone, while the other set of teeth of the second set of planetary gears 3 and the sun gear 2 are in the single-tooth meshing zone. This increases the number of gear pairs meshing simultaneously, resulting in smaller force changes on individual teeth, thus reducing vibration and improving the overall load-bearing capacity of the system. The gear ring 5 and the output planetary gear 6 also adopt the same design.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the sun gear 2 adopts a separable double-tooth structure. Both parts of the gear have tooth structures with identical parameters. The fixed gear ring 5 also adopts the same separable double-tooth structure as the sun gear 2. The meshing transmission between the sun gear 2 and the input planet gear 3, as well as the meshing transmission between the output planet gear 6 and the fixed gear ring 5, can be achieved either by simultaneous meshing of both sets of teeth or by meshing of a single set of teeth.

[0038] During normal operation, the gears are in a combined state to achieve meshing transmission of two sets of teeth, thereby increasing the smoothness of transmission and the load-bearing capacity of the gears. If one set of teeth fails, the meshing of the other set of teeth can still continue to work, increasing the redundancy of the system.

[0039] Of course, in other embodiments, each gear is not limited to two sets of teeth, and the number of gear sets can be reasonably selected according to working requirements and gear parameters, with no less than two sets of teeth.

[0040] Furthermore, the sun gear 2, input planet gear 3, output planet gear 6, and fixed gear ring 5 all adopt a staggered double helical gear design with multiple sets of gear teeth to reduce vibration and improve the overall power of the system.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, due to the use of a split multi-tooth structure and meshing phase adjustment method, the gear is subjected to uniform and small load changes. Therefore, the meshing stiffness of the gear is significantly reduced compared to that of a general helical gear, and the meshing stiffness change curve 8 is relatively flat, which effectively reduces the vibration of the transmission system.

[0042] In this embodiment, all gears are made of steel material 2-1 and composite metamaterial 2-2 to increase gear strength and reduce the weight of the transmission device; the sun gear 2 is used as an example for detailed explanation.

[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, the teeth and central plane area of ​​the sun gear 2 are made of steel material 2-1, and the composite metamaterial 2-2 is attached to the outside of the steel material 2-1 to form the front and rear tooth surfaces of the sun gear 2.

[0044] like Figure 6As shown, the composite metamaterial 2-2 comprises cells 2-2-1 and a substrate 2-2-2, with cells 2-2-1 uniformly distributed on the substrate 2-2-2. Cell 2-2-1 is composed of a nonlinear rubber structure 2-2-1-1 and an oscillator 2-2-1-2. The oscillator 2-2-1-2 is cylindrical, and the nonlinear rubber structure 2-2-1-1 is annular, wrapping around the outside of the oscillator 2-2-1-2. Through the up-and-down vibration of the oscillator 2-2-1-2 and the buffering effect of the nonlinear rubber structure 2-2-1-1, the uniformly distributed cells 2-2-1 in the composite metamaterial 2-2 can offset some of the vibrations generated by the gears.

[0045] In this embodiment, power is input from the sun gear 2, and then transmitted through two pairs of meshing transmissions: the sun gear 2 and the input planet gear 3, and the output planet gear 6 and the fixed gear ring 5. Finally, the power is output by the planet carrier 7 connected to the output planet gear 6.

[0046] The device employs a split multi-gear design and input / output planetary gear design to achieve power splitting, thereby improving the system's load-bearing capacity and total power. It uses composite metamaterials and steel materials to design the gears and planetary carriers, and composite material periodic metamaterials to design the drive shaft, thereby reducing system weight, vibration, and noise.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An aircraft gear transmission device, characterized in that, The system includes an input shaft, on which a separable multi-tooth sun gear is mounted, with each set of teeth on the sun gear meshing with a set of input planet gears. The input planet gears are mounted on an intermediate shaft, and the output end of the intermediate shaft is equipped with an output planet gear with the same number of sets as the input planet gears. The output planet gears are located inside the separable multi-tooth fixed gear ring. Each set of input planet gears and output planet gears are connected by a planet carrier. The teeth and central plane area of ​​each gear are made of steel, and a composite metamaterial is attached to the outside of the steel to form the front and rear tooth surfaces of the gear. Both the sun gear and the fixed gear ring adopt a separate multi-tooth structure so that the meshing transmission can be achieved either by the simultaneous meshing of multiple sets of teeth or by the meshing of a single set of teeth. The sun gear, input planet gear, output planet gear, and fixed gear ring all adopt a staggered double helical gear structure; The meshing phases of each set of input planetary gears and output planetary gears with the separate sun gear and ring gear are staggered.

2. The aircraft gear transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite metamaterial comprises cells and a matrix, with the cells uniformly distributed on the surface of the matrix.

3. The aircraft gear transmission device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cell includes a nonlinear rubber structure and an oscillator, with the nonlinear rubber structure wrapping around the outside of the oscillator.

4. The aircraft gear transmission device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The oscillator is cylindrical, and the nonlinear rubber structure is annular.

5. The aircraft gear transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each gear consists of multiple tooth structures with identical parameters, and adjacent tooth structures are connected by bolts.

6. The aircraft gear transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input shaft and intermediate shaft are constructed using a periodic metamaterial structure.

7. The aircraft gear transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each set of input planetary gears and output planetary gears is equipped with three gears to form an equilateral triangle structure.

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