Battery power detection circuit and electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses a battery power detection circuit and electronic equipment. The battery power detection circuit comprises a switch module, a protection module, a detection module, a voltage storage module and a power meter. The switch module is connected in series in a connection loop of a battery component and a charge-discharge component; the switch module comprises a first connection end, a second connection end and a switch control end; the first connection end is electrically connected with the battery component, and the second connection end is electrically connected with the charge-discharge component; the protection module is electrically connected with the battery component and the switch control end respectively; the voltage storage module is connected between the positive and negative poles of the battery component; the power meter is connected in parallel at both ends of the charge-discharge component and is electrically connected with the output end of the voltage storage module; the detection end of the detection module is electrically connected with the second connection end, and the output end of the detection module is electrically connected with the voltage storage module or the power meter, and is used for detecting the potential jump of the second connection end. The application can improve the accuracy of battery power detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to a battery power detection circuit and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, due to the rise of portable electronic devices, especially e-cigarettes and smart wearable devices such as smartwatches and true wireless Bluetooth earphones, the capacity of batteries in electronic devices is getting smaller and smaller. The capacity of each battery has decreased from several thousand mAh or several hundred mAh to tens of mAh, or even more than ten mAh.

[0003] For electronic devices composed of small battery systems, when the electronic device is in standby or at low voltage, the lithium battery protection will put the entire system into a shipping mode or over-discharge protection state, shutting down the lithium battery protection and the entire system. Similarly, when the system experiences overcharging or over-discharging abnormalities, the lithium battery protection will also shut down the entire system. When the entire system is shut down, it is not feasible to use a fuel gauge to detect battery voltage and current in real time. The simplest and most practical method is to sample the battery voltage of the battery pack and calculate the battery capacity based on the correlation between battery voltage and battery capacity. However, due to the parasitic resistance of the battery pack itself, the battery voltage undergoes sudden changes when the system is connected to a charger for charging or to a load for discharging, causing the detected voltage value to differ from the actual battery voltage, resulting in significant misjudgments of battery capacity. Furthermore, different batteries have different parasitic resistances, and even for the same battery, the voltage fluctuation value varies under different charging or discharging currents, making it difficult to quantify the voltage fluctuations caused by parasitic resistance. Additionally, due to battery characteristics, the parasitic resistance of small-capacity batteries is greater than that of large-capacity batteries, resulting in larger voltage jumps during charging or discharging and thus greater errors. In summary, existing battery power detection methods have low accuracy, especially when the system transitions from a shut-down to a connected state, the accuracy of the battery power detection results is difficult to guarantee. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a battery power detection circuit and electronic device to improve the accuracy of battery power detection.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a battery power detection circuit, including: a switching module, a protection module, a detection module, a voltage storage module, and a fuel meter;

[0006] The switch module is connected in series in the connection circuit between the battery assembly and the charging / discharging assembly; the switch module includes a first connection terminal, a second connection terminal, and a switch control terminal; the first connection terminal is electrically connected to the battery assembly, and the second connection terminal is electrically connected to the charging / discharging assembly;

[0007] The protection module is electrically connected to the battery assembly and the switch control terminal respectively. The protection module is used to control the conduction state of the switch module according to the operating state of the battery assembly.

[0008] The voltage storage module is connected between the positive and negative terminals of the battery assembly; the voltage storage module is used to collect and store the battery voltage of the battery assembly.

[0009] The fuel gauge is connected in parallel across the two ends of the charging and discharging assembly and is electrically connected to the output of the voltage storage module;

[0010] The detection end of the detection module is electrically connected to the second connection end, and the output end of the detection module is electrically connected to the voltage storage module and / or the fuel gauge. The detection module is used to detect the potential change of the second connection end, so that the fuel gauge can calculate the battery capacity of the battery assembly when the potential of the second connection end changes, based on the battery voltage stored in the voltage storage module before the potential change of the second connection end.

[0011] Optionally, the voltage storage module includes: a pulse generation unit and a storage unit;

[0012] The pulse generation unit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the storage unit. The pulse generation unit is used to generate a pulse signal, which includes a first potential and a second potential.

[0013] The first end of the storage unit is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery assembly, the second end of the storage unit is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery assembly, and the output end of the storage unit serves as the output end of the voltage storage module. The storage unit is used to store and output the current battery voltage of the battery assembly when the pulse signal is the first potential, and to maintain and output the battery voltage output by the storage unit when receiving the previous first potential when the pulse signal is the second potential.

[0014] Optionally, the output terminal of the detection module is electrically connected to the control terminal of the pulse generation unit. The detection module is used to generate a first transition control signal based on the potential transition of the second connection terminal, so that the pulse generation unit controls the pulse signal to transition to the second potential. The fuel gauge is used to calculate the battery capacity of the battery assembly based on the battery voltage currently output by the storage unit.

[0015] Optionally, the output terminal of the detection module is electrically connected to the fuel gauge. The pulse generation unit is used to generate pulse signals that alternately output the first potential and the second potential at a preset frequency. The fuel gauge includes a memory for storing the battery voltage output by the memory unit. The detection module is used to generate a second transition control signal based on the potential transition of the second connection terminal, so as to control the fuel gauge to calculate the battery charge of the battery assembly when the potential of the second connection terminal transitions, based on the battery voltage stored in the memory before the potential transition of the second connection terminal.

[0016] Optionally, the storage unit includes a capacitor and a switch; the control terminal of the switch serves as the control terminal of the storage unit, and the first terminal of the switch serves as the first terminal of the storage unit; the second terminal of the switch is electrically connected to the first terminal of the capacitor and serves as the output terminal of the storage unit; the second terminal of the capacitor serves as the second terminal of the storage unit.

[0017] or,

[0018] The storage unit includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), the control terminal of the ADC serves as the control terminal of the storage unit, the first terminal of the ADC serves as the first terminal of the storage unit, the second terminal of the ADC serves as the second terminal of the storage unit, and the output terminal of the ADC serves as the output terminal of the storage unit.

[0019] Optionally, the first connection terminal is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery assembly, and the second connection terminal is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the charging and discharging assembly;

[0020] or,

[0021] The first connection terminal is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery assembly, and the second connection terminal is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the charging and discharging assembly.

[0022] Optionally, the switching module includes: a transistor; the control electrode of the transistor is electrically connected to the switch control terminal, the first electrode of the transistor is electrically connected to the first connection terminal, and the second electrode of the transistor is electrically connected to the second connection terminal;

[0023] or,

[0024] The switch control terminal includes a first control sub-terminal and a second control sub-terminal; the switch module includes a first MOS transistor and a second MOS transistor; the gate of the first MOS transistor is electrically connected to the first control sub-terminal, the source of the first MOS transistor is electrically connected to the first connection terminal, the drain of the first MOS transistor is electrically connected to the drain of the second MOS transistor, the gate of the second MOS transistor is electrically connected to the second control sub-terminal, and the source of the second MOS transistor is electrically connected to the second connection terminal.

[0025] Optionally, the voltage storage module and the protection module are integrated on the same wafer, or the voltage storage module and the protection module are respectively disposed on different wafers.

[0026] Optionally, the detection module and the protection module are integrated on the same wafer, or the detection module and the protection module are respectively disposed on different wafers;

[0027] The switch module and the protection module are integrated on the same wafer, or the switch module and the protection module are respectively disposed on different wafers.

[0028] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device, including: a battery assembly and a battery power detection circuit provided in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] The battery power detection circuit provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a switch module, a protection module, a detection module, a voltage storage module, and a fuel gauge. By placing the voltage storage module between the positive and negative terminals of the battery assembly, it can collect the voltage across the battery assembly when the switch module is disconnected, accurately representing the battery voltage of the cell. Furthermore, the detection module determines the time when other charging / discharging components connect to the circuit after the switch module is disconnected, or in other words, the time when the protection module controls the switch module to turn on again, by detecting the potential change at the second connection terminal of the switch module. Using the time of the potential change at the second connection terminal as a boundary, the voltage storage module collects an accurate battery voltage before the potential change, which can be considered the accurate battery voltage of the battery assembly at the moment of the potential change. Therefore, the fuel gauge can accurately calculate the battery power of the battery assembly at the time of the potential change based on the battery voltage stored in the voltage storage module before the potential change, thereby avoiding deviations in the battery power calculation results caused by sudden changes in battery voltage measurement due to current and parasitic resistance in the connection circuit during the potential change. In summary, compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention, by setting a voltage storage module, store the accurate battery voltage of the battery component in advance before the switching module is turned on, and use the pre-stored battery voltage to calculate the battery power, can effectively improve the accuracy of battery power detection.

[0030] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery power detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a voltage storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another battery power detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another voltage storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another battery power detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another voltage storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another voltage storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another battery power detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another battery power detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another battery power detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0044] This invention provides a battery power detection circuit that can sample and store the battery voltage of the battery component in advance when the connection circuit between the battery component and the charging / discharging component of the electronic device is not connected and there is no charging or discharging current in the connection circuit; and when the charging or discharging current appears in the connection circuit, the sampled battery voltage is identified as the battery voltage at both ends of the battery component when the charging or discharging current begins to flow through the battery component, and the battery power of the battery component is accurately determined accordingly. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery power detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 1 The battery power detection circuit 10 includes: a switch module 130, a protection module 120, a detection module 150, a voltage storage module 110, and a fuel gauge 140.

[0045] The switching module 130 is connected in series in the connection circuit between the battery assembly 20 and the charging / discharging assembly 30. The switching module 130 includes a first connection terminal P1, a second connection terminal P2, and a switch control terminal P3. The first connection terminal P1 is electrically connected to the battery assembly 20, and the second connection terminal P2 is electrically connected to the charging / discharging assembly 30. The protection module 120 is electrically connected to both the battery assembly 20 and the switch control terminal P3, and is used to control the conduction state of the switching module 130 according to the operating state of the battery assembly 20. The voltage storage module 110 is connected between the positive and negative terminals of the battery assembly 20; the voltage storage module 110 is used to collect and store the battery voltage of the battery assembly 20. The fuel gauge 140 is connected in parallel across the charging / discharging assembly 30 and is electrically connected to the output terminal of the voltage storage module 110. The detection terminal of the detection module 150 is electrically connected to the second connection terminal P2, and the output terminal of the detection module 150 is electrically connected to the voltage storage module 110 and / or the fuel gauge 140. The detection module 150 is used to detect the potential change of the second connection terminal P2, so that the power meter 140 can calculate the battery capacity of the battery assembly 20 when the potential of the second connection terminal P2 changes, based on the battery voltage stored in the voltage storage module 110 before the potential change of the second connection terminal P2.

[0046] Figure 1For example, the battery assembly 20 includes a cell E connected in series between the positive and negative terminals of the battery assembly 20 and a parasitic resistance R0. The parasitic resistance R0 of the cell is represented by the resistance connected in series with the cell E, such as the internal resistance of the cell. The cell E can be composed of a lithium battery, specifically a single cell or a series-parallel structure of multiple cells. The charging and discharging assembly 30 can be understood as a collective term for the charger and the electrical load. The charger and the load can be connected in parallel to the positive output terminal BAT+ and the negative output terminal BAT- of the power supply. When the charger is connected to the positive output terminal BAT+ and the negative output terminal BAT- of the power supply, the connection circuit formed by the charger and the battery assembly 20 is a charging circuit; when the load is connected to the positive output terminal BAT+ and the negative output terminal BAT- of the power supply, the connection circuit formed by the load and the battery assembly 20 is a discharging circuit. In the battery detection circuit 10, each functional module can be powered by the battery assembly 20.

[0047] The conduction state of the switch module 130 determines whether there is a connection between the battery assembly 20 and the charging / discharging assembly 30. When the switch module 130 is on, the connection circuit is completed, and current flows. For example, the switch module 130 can be composed of controllable switching devices such as transistors, relays, or analog switches, and their necessary peripheral circuitry.

[0048] The protection module 120 generates a switch control signal based on the operating state of the battery assembly 20 to control whether the connection circuit is connected. The operating state of the battery assembly 20 can include whether state quantities such as voltage, current, and temperature are normal. For example, the protection module 120 may include a series of logic circuits and connect to a series of reference state signals, such as discharge current threshold, charging current threshold, over-discharge voltage threshold, over-charge voltage threshold, short-circuit current threshold, and operating temperature threshold. The logic circuits compare the actual state signal of the connection circuit during actual operation with the corresponding reference state signal. When any comparison result indicates an abnormal operation, protection is triggered. The protection module 120 sets the switch control signal to the cutoff potential and controls the switch module 130 to turn off, preventing the electronic device from continuously operating in an abnormal state. Furthermore, the protection module 120 can be configured to control the switch module 130 to conduct after a preset time interval and re-determine whether each comparison result is abnormal. If the abnormality is eliminated, the switch module 130 can be kept on. Alternatively, the protection module 120 can be configured to lock the off state of the switch module 130 when it is turned off under abnormal conditions, until the charger is reconnected. The protection module 120 can adopt any lithium battery protection structure and function in the prior art, and is not limited here.

[0049] For example, when the battery assembly 20 is operating normally, the protection module 120 outputs a conduction potential (e.g., a high potential), controlling the switch module 130 to conduct, shorting the first connection terminal P1 and the second connection terminal P2. This allows the battery voltage of the battery assembly 20 to be normally supplied to the subsequent fuel gauge 140 and charge / discharge assembly 30, enabling them to operate normally. When the battery voltage falls below the over-discharge protection voltage threshold, the protection module 120 enters over-discharge protection mode, outputting a cutoff potential (e.g., zero output voltage), controlling the switch module 130 to turn off, cutting off the power supply to the fuel gauge 140 and charge / discharge assembly 30, preventing them from operating normally. Alternatively, when the protection module 120 receives a shipping mode activation command (e.g., provided by another control module in the electronic device), it also outputs a cutoff potential (e.g., zero output voltage), controlling the switch module 130 to turn off, thus preventing the fuel gauge 140 and charge / discharge assembly 30 from operating normally.

[0050] For example, the fuel gauge 140 is connected between the positive output terminal BAT+ and the negative output terminal BAT- of the power supply. The fuel gauge 140 may include a fuel calculation unit and a display unit, used to calculate the battery charge based on the battery voltage and to display the battery charge, respectively. The fuel gauge 140 may also include a memory for storing the correspondence between the battery voltage and battery charge of the battery assembly 20, for example, in the form of a relationship curve, table, or empirical function, to facilitate the fuel calculation unit's battery charge calculation. It should be noted that when the switch module 130 is off, no current flows in the connection circuit, and the battery voltage across the battery assembly 20 is the actual voltage on the cell E. When the switch module 130 is on and charging or discharging current begins to appear in the connection circuit, the battery voltage across the battery assembly 20 includes interference (or abrupt change) caused by the parasitic resistance R0. Therefore, if the fuel gauge 140 calculates the battery charge based on the abruptly changed battery voltage at the instant the switch module 130 is on, the calculation result will be inaccurate. To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment of the invention introduces a voltage storage module 110.

[0051] For example, the voltage storage module 110 may include components such as capacitors or analog-to-digital converters to facilitate the acquisition and storage of the battery voltage of the battery assembly 20. The voltage storage module 110 is directly connected between the positive and negative terminals of the battery assembly 20, and its operating state is unaffected by the on / off state of the switch module 130. Regardless of whether the switch module 130 is on or off, the voltage storage module 110 can perform voltage acquisition normally. Therefore, the voltage storage module 110 can acquire the voltage on the actual cell E when the switch module 130 is off, which is equivalent to recording the accurate battery voltage in advance before the switch module 130 is turned on, providing a basis for accurate calculation of battery capacity.

[0052] This embodiment also introduces a detection module 150 to determine the conduction time of the switch module 130, thereby determining the battery voltage used by the fuel gauge 140 to accurately calculate the battery charge. Specifically, the example is taken where the switch module 130 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery pack and the negative terminal of the charge / discharge assembly (i.e., the negative output terminal BAT-), and the switch module 130 is turned on after the charger is connected. When the switch module 130 is turned off due to an abnormal operating state of the battery pack 20 or due to entering the shipping mode, the second connection terminal P2 of the switch module 130 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack 20 through the fuel gauge 140 or the part of the charge / discharge assembly 30 still connected in the circuit, and its potential is close to the high potential output of the positive terminal of the battery pack 20. After the switch module 130 is disconnected, when another charging / discharging component, such as a charger, is connected between the positive output terminal BAT+ and the negative output terminal BAT-, the potential of the second connection terminal P2 will be pulled down to a low potential (e.g., 0 voltage or negative voltage). Furthermore, when the protection module 120 detects the charger connection, it controls the switch module 130 to turn on, activating the system and keeping the second connection terminal P2 at a low potential. The circuit operation when the switch module 130 is turned on after a load is connected is similar to that when a charger is connected, and will not be described further. Therefore, the connection of a charger or load is manifested in the battery power detection circuit 10 as a potential jump in the second connection terminal P2.

[0053] The detection module 150 is used to detect the aforementioned potential jump process at the second connection terminal P2. The moment when the potential jump occurs at the second connection terminal P2 can be considered as the moment when the charger or load is connected, or as the moment when the switch module 130 changes from the off state to the on state, that is, the moment when current begins to appear in the connection circuit. Therefore, according to the above analysis, before the potential jump at the second connection terminal P2, the battery voltage across the battery assembly 20 is the accurate cell voltage. When the potential jump occurs at the second connection terminal P2, due to the presence of current, the battery voltage across the battery assembly 20 becomes inaccurate. Therefore, based on the potential jump time of the second connection terminal P2 determined by the detection module 150, the fuel gauge 140 can calculate the battery charge of the battery assembly 20 at the time of the potential jump based on the battery voltage stored in the voltage storage module 110 before the potential jump, thus obtaining an accurate battery charge. Specifically, the detection module 150 can transmit the battery voltage stored before the potential jump to the fuel gauge 140 through the control voltage storage module 110, so that the fuel gauge 140 can calculate the battery power based on the transmitted battery voltage; and / or directly control the fuel gauge 140 to calculate the battery power based on the battery voltage transmitted by the voltage storage module 110 before the potential jump.

[0054] The battery power detection circuit provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a switch module 130, a protection module 120, a detection module 150, a voltage storage module 110, and a fuel gauge 140. By placing the voltage storage module 110 between the positive and negative terminals of the battery assembly 20, the voltage storage module 110 can collect the voltage across the battery assembly 20 when the switch module 130 is disconnected, accurately representing the battery voltage of cell E. Furthermore, the detection module 150 determines the time when other charging and discharging components are connected to the circuit after the switch module 130 is disconnected, or in other words, the time when the protection module 120 controls the switch module 130 to turn on again, by detecting the potential change at the second connection terminal P2 of the switch module 130. Using the time of the potential change at the second connection terminal P2 as a boundary, the voltage storage module 110 collects the accurate battery voltage before the potential change, which can be considered the accurate battery voltage of the battery assembly 20 at the moment of the potential change. Therefore, based on the battery voltage stored in the voltage storage module 110 before the potential jump, the fuel gauge 140 can accurately calculate the battery charge of the battery assembly 20 at the time of the potential jump, thereby avoiding the deviation in the battery charge calculation result caused by the sudden change in battery voltage measurement due to the current and parasitic resistance R0 in the connection circuit during the potential jump. In summary, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the voltage storage module 110 to store the accurate battery voltage of the battery assembly 20 in advance before the switch module 130 is turned on, and using the pre-stored battery voltage to calculate the battery charge, can effectively improve the accuracy of battery charge detection.

[0055] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the battery charge calculated when the switch module 130 is turned on can be used as the initial charge. After a preset time (e.g., a few seconds) has elapsed since the switch module 130 was turned on, the fuel gauge 140 is controlled to correct and adjust the initial charge based on the real-time voltage of the battery module 20, so that the calculated battery charge result is more accurate and follows the actual state changes of the battery module 20 during charging and discharging. This setting is equivalent to using the initial charge as the battery charge calculation result of the battery module 20 for a preset time after the switch module 130 is turned on, and after the preset time, making the calculated battery charge result follow the actual state changes of the battery module. This can avoid the influence of sudden changes in battery voltage of the battery module 20 when the switch module 130 is turned on on the charge calculation result, and make the charge calculation result conform to the actual changes, further ensuring the accuracy of the battery charge calculation.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a voltage storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 2 In one embodiment, the voltage storage module 110 may optionally include a pulse generation unit 111 and a storage unit 112.

[0057] The pulse generation unit 111 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the storage unit 112. The pulse generation unit 111 generates a pulse signal, which includes a first potential and a second potential. Specifically, the pulse signal may include alternating first potential maintenance phases and second potential maintenance phases, where the first potential and the second potential are different, one being a high potential and the other a low potential. The first terminal of the storage unit 112 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery assembly 20, and the second terminal of the storage unit 112 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery assembly 20. The output terminal of the storage unit 112 serves as the output terminal VDD1 of the voltage storage module 110. When the pulse signal is at the first potential, the storage unit 112 stores and outputs the current battery voltage of the battery assembly 20; that is, the potential of the output terminal VDD1 changes with the potential change of the positive terminal of the battery assembly 20 during this phase. Furthermore, the storage unit 112 is used to maintain and output the battery voltage output by the storage unit 112 when receiving the previous first potential when the pulse signal is the second potential. That is, the potential of the output terminal VDD1 in this stage is maintained at the potential output in the previous first potential maintenance stage, and does not change with the potential change of the positive terminal of the battery assembly 20. Exemplarily, the pulse generation unit 111 may include logic circuits or control chips to generate pulse signals; the storage unit 112 may employ any controllable storage element, such as an analog-to-digital converter and a memory chip.

[0058] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, when the detection module 150 detects a potential change at the second connection terminal P2, it can control the voltage storage module 110 and / or the fuel gauge 140 to ultimately control the fuel gauge 140 to calculate the battery charge using the battery voltage before the potential change. Several embodiments are described below.

[0059] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another battery power detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 3 In one embodiment, optionally, the output terminal of the detection module 150 is electrically connected to the fuel gauge 140. In this case, the structure of the voltage storage module 110 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 4 The pulse generation unit 111 does not require a control signal; it can directly generate pulse signals that alternately output the first and second potentials at a preset frequency to control the storage unit 112 to update the battery voltage output by the storage unit 112 according to the potential of the positive terminal of the battery assembly 20 at a preset frequency. For example, the duration of the first potential in the pulse signal can be tens of milliseconds, and the duration of the second potential can be several seconds.

[0060] The fuel gauge 140 may include a memory for storing the battery voltage output by the storage unit 112, such as storing the battery voltage output by the storage unit 112 in real time, or storing the battery voltage output by the storage unit 112 only during the first potential maintenance phase of the pulse signal. The detection module 150 is used to generate a second transition control signal based on the potential transition of the second connection terminal P2, so as to control the fuel gauge 140 to calculate the battery charge of the battery assembly 20 at the time of the potential transition of the second connection terminal P2 based on the battery voltage stored in the memory before the potential transition of the second connection terminal P2, specifically the battery voltage output by the storage unit 112 at the end of the last first potential maintenance phase during the disconnection period of the switch module 130.

[0061] In this embodiment, the detection module 150 directly controls the operating state of the fuel gauge 140 to achieve accurate battery power calculation. And, Figure 3 The connection method of charger 310 and load 320 is given as an example.

[0062] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another battery power detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 5 In another embodiment, optionally, the output terminal of the detection module 150 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the pulse generation unit 111. In this case, the structure of the voltage storage module 110 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 6 The pulse generation unit 111 includes a control terminal. The detection module 150 generates a first transition control signal SC based on the potential change of the second connection terminal P2. When the first transition control signal SC is received, the pulse generation unit 111 controls the pulse signal to transition to the second potential, and can control the pulse signal to transition back to the first potential after maintaining the second potential for a preset time period. When the first transition control signal SC is not received, the pulse generation unit 111 can maintain the first potential, or alternately output the first potential and the second potential according to a preset frequency. In this embodiment, when the potential of the second connection terminal P2 transitions, the pulse signal transitions to the second potential, so that the storage unit 112 maintains the battery voltage collected in the previous first potential maintenance phase, that is, the battery voltage before the potential change. During the second potential maintenance phase, even if the positive terminal potential of the battery assembly 20 changes, the voltage output by the storage unit 112 remains unchanged. Therefore, the fuel gauge 140 can calculate the battery capacity of the battery assembly 20 based on the battery voltage currently output by the storage unit 112.

[0063] In this embodiment, the detection module 150 achieves accurate battery power calculation by controlling the working state of the voltage storage module 110.

[0064] See also Figure 1In another embodiment, optionally, the fuel gauge 140 itself can have the function of real-time voltage acquisition. In this case, the detection module 150 can be electrically connected to both the fuel gauge 140 and the voltage storage module 110. At the potential transition moment of the second connection terminal P2, the detection module 150 can control the pulse generation unit 111 to output the second potential and control the fuel gauge 140 to calculate the battery power based on the battery voltage transmitted from the storage unit 112, so as to achieve accurate power calculation.

[0065] Based on the above embodiments, the storage unit 112 may optionally have various structures, which will be described below.

[0066] See also Figure 4 and Figure 6 In one embodiment, optionally, the storage unit 112 includes a capacitor C1 and a switch K1; the control terminal of switch K1 serves as the control terminal of storage unit 112, and the first terminal of switch K1 serves as the first terminal of storage unit 112; the second terminal of switch K1 is electrically connected to the first terminal of capacitor C1 and serves as the output terminal of storage unit 112; the second terminal of capacitor C1 serves as the second terminal of storage unit 112. Exemplarily, switch K1 can be a controllable switch such as a transistor or a relay. In this embodiment, the pulse generation unit 111 can control whether the battery voltage output by the output terminal VDD1 of the voltage storage unit follows the change in the positive terminal potential of the battery assembly 20 by controlling the conduction state of switch K1. Exemplarily, when the pulse signal is at a first potential, switch K1 is turned on; when the pulse signal is at a second potential, switch K1 is turned off.

[0067] The absolute value of the charging and discharging current in a small-capacity battery system is usually small, typically only a few μA to tens of mA. If a current of 1 mA is to be sampled, with a sampling resistor of 10 mΩ, the voltage flowing through the sampling resistor is only 10 μV. If an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is used, a high-precision ADC is required, which significantly increases the cost. In this embodiment, the storage unit 112 is constructed using switch K1 and capacitor C1, resulting in a storage unit 112 with low cost, low power consumption, and small circuit area.

[0068] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another voltage storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 7 In another embodiment, optionally, the storage unit 112 includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), the control terminal of the ADC serves as the control terminal of the storage unit 112, the first terminal of the ADC serves as the first terminal of the storage unit 112, the second terminal of the ADC serves as the second terminal of the storage unit 112, and the output terminal of the ADC serves as the output terminal of the storage unit 112.

[0069] In this embodiment, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is used as the storage unit 112, eliminating the need for a separate switch K1. The pulse signal can directly control the operating state of the ADC. When the pulse signal is at the first potential, the ADC converts the analog voltage signal into a digital signal in real time and transmits it to the fuel meter. When the pulse signal is at the second potential, the ADC stops converting and maintains the output from the previous first potential maintenance phase. The ADC has a simple peripheral circuit structure and can be used independently or integrated into the basic protection circuit containing the protection module 120.

[0070] In practical applications, the specific structure of storage unit 112 can be configured according to user needs.

[0071] Based on the above embodiments, the switch module 130 may optionally have various structures, some of which will be described below.

[0072] See Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 In one embodiment, optionally, the switching module 130 includes: a transistor NM0; the control electrode of the transistor NM0 is electrically connected to the switch control terminal, the first electrode of the transistor NM0 is electrically connected to the first connection terminal P1, and the second electrode of the transistor NM0 is electrically connected to the second connection terminal P2. The switching state of the transistor NM0 is the conducting state of the switching module 130. For example, the transistor NM0 may be a MOSFET.

[0073] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another battery power detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 9 In another embodiment, optionally, the switch control terminal includes a first control sub-terminal and a second control sub-terminal. The switch module 130 includes: a first MOSFET NM1 and a second MOSFET NM2. The gate of the first MOSFET NM1 is electrically connected to the first control sub-terminal, the source of the first MOSFET NM1 is electrically connected to the first connection terminal P1, the drain of the first MOSFET NM1 is electrically connected to the drain of the second MOSFET NM2, the gate of the second MOSFET NM2 is electrically connected to the second control sub-terminal, and the source of the second MOSFET NM2 is electrically connected to the second connection terminal P2.

[0074] In this embodiment, a switching module 130 is constructed using two MOSFETs of the same channel type connected in reverse series. The body diodes of the two MOSFETs are connected in reverse series. One MOSFET is a charging control MOSFET, which blocks the charging current through its body diode when a charging abnormality occurs. The other MOSFET is a discharging control MOSFET, which blocks the discharging current through its body diode when a discharging abnormality occurs. When both MOSFETs are conducting, the switching module 130 is turned on.

[0075] See also Figure 3 In one embodiment, optionally, the electronic device includes a lithium battery protection circuit 40, and the protection module 120 can be integrated into the lithium battery protection circuit 40. Exemplarily, the lithium battery protection circuit 40 includes a power supply terminal VDD, a ground terminal GND, a system terminal VM, and a shipping control terminal SM. The power supply terminal VDD is connected to the positive terminal of the battery assembly 20, and the ground terminal GND is connected to the negative terminal of the battery assembly 20. The protection module 120 obtains the system operating status through the system terminal VM and obtains the shipping mode control signal through the shipping control terminal SM. The lithium battery protection circuit 40 can be an integrated circuit disposed on a wafer.

[0076] See also Figure 3 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the switch module 130 and the protection module 120 can be integrated into the lithium battery protection circuit 40 and formed on the same wafer.

[0077] See also Figure 5 In one embodiment, the detection module 150 and the protection module 120 may be integrated into the lithium battery protection circuit 40 and formed on the same wafer, together constituting the basic protection circuit 410.

[0078] See also Figure 8 In one embodiment, optionally, the voltage storage module 110 and the protection module (or basic protection circuit 410) are integrated into the lithium battery protection circuit 40 and formed on the same wafer. Then, the output terminal VDD1 of the voltage storage module 110 can also be located in the lithium battery protection circuit 40. For example, the output terminal VDD1 of the voltage storage module 110 and the shipping control terminal SM can be used together.

[0079] The above embodiments exemplify the integration of functional modules into a lithium battery protection circuit, but are not intended to limit the invention. In other embodiments, optionally, the voltage storage module 110 may be separately configured from the protection module 120, each disposed on a different wafer. The detection module 150 may also be separately configured from the protection module 120, each disposed on a different wafer. The detection module 150 may also be integrated with the voltage storage module 110 or a fuel gauge. And, as... Figure 9 As shown, the switch module 130 can be separately configured from the protection module 120, and can be mounted on different wafers. In this case, the lithium battery protection circuit 40 is not included in the electronic device; instead, the lithium battery protection control circuit 50 and the switch module 130 are configured separately. The lithium battery protection control circuit 50 may include other functional modules of the lithium battery protection circuit 40 besides the switch module 130; the specific structure will not be described in detail.

[0080] The above embodiments exemplify the electrical connection of the first connection terminal P1 to the negative terminal of the battery assembly 20 and the second connection terminal P2 to the negative terminal of the charging / discharging assembly 30. The ground terminal GND can be reused as the first connection terminal P1, and the system terminal VM can be reused as the second connection terminal P2, but this is not intended to limit the invention. In other embodiments, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the first connection terminal P1 can also be electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery assembly 20, and the second connection terminal P2 can be electrically connected to the positive terminal of the charging / discharging assembly 30. The power supply terminal VDD can be reused as the first connection terminal P1, and the system terminal VM can still be reused as the second connection terminal P2. The switching module 130 can still adopt the structure of any of the above embodiments. Preferably, when the switching module 130 is connected between the two negative terminals, the transistor in the switching module 130 is an N-type transistor (e.g., NMO); when the switching module 130 is connected between the two positive terminals, the transistor in the switching module 130 is a P-type transistor (e.g., PMO), so as to control the switching state of the switching module 130.

[0081] This invention also provides an electronic device, including a battery assembly and a battery power detection circuit as provided in any embodiment of this invention, which has corresponding beneficial effects. Additionally, the electronic device may also be equipped with an electrical load connected to the battery assembly and charging / discharging components such as a charger for charging the battery assembly. Exemplarily, the electronic device may be a smart wearable device such as a smartwatch or true wireless Bluetooth headset, or a portable electronic device such as an electronic cigarette, power bank, or smart toy.

[0082] It should be noted that in the various embodiments of the battery power detection circuit, there are specific descriptions of the electronic device structure. These structures can all be considered as the constituent structures of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, and repeated content will not be described here.

[0083] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0084] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A battery power detection circuit, characterized in that, include: Switching module, protection module, detection module, voltage storage module, and fuel meter; The switch module is connected in series in the connection circuit between the battery assembly and the charging / discharging assembly; the switch module includes a first connection terminal, a second connection terminal, and a switch control terminal; the first connection terminal is electrically connected to the battery assembly, and the second connection terminal is electrically connected to the charging / discharging assembly; The protection module is electrically connected to the battery assembly and the switch control terminal respectively. The protection module is used to control the conduction state of the switch module according to the operating state of the battery assembly. The voltage storage module is connected between the positive and negative terminals of the battery assembly; the voltage storage module is used to collect and store the battery voltage of the battery assembly. The fuel gauge is connected in parallel across the two ends of the charging and discharging assembly and is electrically connected to the output of the voltage storage module; The detection end of the detection module is electrically connected to the second connection end, and the output end of the detection module is electrically connected to the voltage storage module and / or the fuel gauge. The detection module is used to detect the potential change of the second connection end, so that the fuel gauge can calculate the battery capacity of the battery assembly when the potential of the second connection end changes, based on the battery voltage stored in the voltage storage module before the potential change of the second connection end.

2. The battery power detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage storage module includes: a pulse generation unit and a storage unit; The pulse generation unit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the storage unit. The pulse generation unit is used to generate a pulse signal, which includes a first potential and a second potential. The first end of the storage unit is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery assembly, the second end of the storage unit is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery assembly, and the output end of the storage unit serves as the output end of the voltage storage module. The storage unit is used to store and output the current battery voltage of the battery assembly when the pulse signal is the first potential, and to maintain and output the battery voltage output by the storage unit when receiving the previous first potential when the pulse signal is the second potential.

3. The battery power detection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The output terminal of the detection module is electrically connected to the control terminal of the pulse generation unit. The detection module is used to generate a first transition control signal based on the potential transition of the second connection terminal, so that the pulse generation unit controls the pulse signal to transition to the second potential. The fuel gauge is used to calculate the battery capacity of the battery assembly based on the battery voltage currently output by the storage unit.

4. The battery power detection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The output terminal of the detection module is electrically connected to the fuel gauge. The pulse generation unit is used to generate pulse signals that are alternately output by the first potential and the second potential according to a preset frequency. The fuel gauge includes a memory for storing the battery voltage output by the memory unit. The detection module is used to generate a second jump control signal based on the potential jump of the second connection terminal, so as to control the fuel gauge to calculate the battery charge of the battery assembly when the potential jump of the second connection terminal occurs, based on the battery voltage stored in the memory before the potential jump of the second connection terminal.

5. The battery power detection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The storage unit includes a capacitor and a switch; the control terminal of the switch serves as the control terminal of the storage unit, and the first terminal of the switch serves as the first terminal of the storage unit; the second terminal of the switch is electrically connected to the first terminal of the capacitor and serves as the output terminal of the storage unit; the second terminal of the capacitor serves as the second terminal of the storage unit. or, The storage unit includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), the control terminal of the ADC serves as the control terminal of the storage unit, the first terminal of the ADC serves as the first terminal of the storage unit, the second terminal of the ADC serves as the second terminal of the storage unit, and the output terminal of the ADC serves as the output terminal of the storage unit.

6. The battery power detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first connection terminal is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery assembly, and the second connection terminal is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the charging and discharging assembly; or, The first connection terminal is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery assembly, and the second connection terminal is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the charging and discharging assembly.

7. The battery power detection circuit according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The switching module includes: a transistor; the control electrode of the transistor is electrically connected to the switch control terminal, the first electrode of the transistor is electrically connected to the first connection terminal, and the second electrode of the transistor is electrically connected to the second connection terminal; or, The switch control terminal includes a first control sub-terminal and a second control sub-terminal; the switch module includes a first MOS transistor and a second MOS transistor; the gate of the first MOS transistor is electrically connected to the first control sub-terminal, the source of the first MOS transistor is electrically connected to the first connection terminal, the drain of the first MOS transistor is electrically connected to the drain of the second MOS transistor, the gate of the second MOS transistor is electrically connected to the second control sub-terminal, and the source of the second MOS transistor is electrically connected to the second connection terminal.

8. The battery power detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage storage module and the protection module are integrated on the same wafer, or the voltage storage module and the protection module are respectively disposed on different wafers.

9. The battery power detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection module and the protection module are integrated on the same wafer, or the detection module and the protection module are respectively disposed on different wafers; The switch module and the protection module are integrated on the same wafer, or the switch module and the protection module are respectively disposed on different wafers.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The battery assembly and the battery power detection circuit according to any one of claims 1-9.

Images