An underwater tunnel force and electric comprehensive monitoring test device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of underwater tunnel force electricity comprehensive monitoring test device and method, including underwater tunnel environment simulation box, hydraulic loading system, force electricity comprehensive monitoring system;Underwater tunnel environment simulation box includes bearing section, intermediate section and loading section, pipe culvert is placed inside box body, upper portion is provided with opening, opening is connected with cover;Hydraulic loading system includes radial loading jack and axial loading jack, radial loading jack is arranged below each section box cover, and axial loading jack is arranged in the inner wall of prism structure of loading section in array;Force electricity comprehensive monitoring system includes strain gauge, sacrificial anode potential monitoring device, water pressure gauge, data acquisition device, software analysis system;Three kinds of monitoring devices are collected by data acquisition device.The application is quantified to monitoring index by simulation, and effective, accurate monitoring of underwater tunnel under complex stress condition is further realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of underwater tunnel technology, specifically relating to an underwater tunnel force and electrical integrated monitoring test device and method. Background Technology

[0002] The research and construction of underwater tunnels has increasingly become a focus of industry and society. With the increasing number of underwater tunnels, their safety monitoring technology has become increasingly important. Underwater shield tunnels are subject to high water pressure, variable geological conditions, and limitations imposed by design and construction conditions during the tunnel's construction period. Early construction of underwater tunnels may lead to tunnel deformation, shield segment cracking, sidewall seepage, and exposed reinforcement in the shield wall, among other tunnel defects, which seriously affect the tunnel's service life. Therefore, conducting health assessments and real-time monitoring of existing and under-construction tunnels has become particularly crucial.

[0003] Due to the complexity of underwater culverts, conducting direct on-site testing is very difficult, and quantifying the indicators is challenging; general testing equipment cannot simulate the actual stress conditions of underwater culverts. Therefore, designing a device that can simulate the complex stress conditions of real underwater tunnels and provide effective and accurate monitoring of the tunnel becomes particularly important. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to propose an underwater tunnel force and electrical comprehensive monitoring test device and method that simulates the complex stress of underwater tunnels by using segmented loading and adopts multi-source information fusion technology to quantify the monitoring indicators of underwater tunnels under complex stress conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, an underwater tunnel force and electrical comprehensive monitoring test device and method are proposed, including an underwater tunnel environment simulation box, a hydraulic loading system, and a force and electrical comprehensive monitoring system. The underwater tunnel environment simulation box includes a pressure-bearing section, an intermediate section, and a loading section. The underwater tunnel environment simulation box has a culvert installed inside and an opening at the top, with a cover plate connected to the opening. The hydraulic loading system includes radial loading jacks and axial loading jacks. The radial loading jacks are located below the cover plate, and the axial loading jacks are arranged in an equidistant array on the inner wall of the second frustum structure of the loading section. The electromechanical integrated monitoring system includes strain gauges, sacrificial anode potential monitoring devices, water pressure gauges, data acquisition devices, and software analysis systems. The strain gauges are installed at the connection points between adjacent culverts and at the connection points between the culverts and the iron rings. The potential monitoring system is equidistantly distributed along the axial direction on the inner side of the culverts. The water pressure gauges are arranged in an array along the radial direction in the middle section of each box. The data from the three monitoring devices is collected by the data acquisition device.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer side of the pressure-bearing section of the present invention is provided with a hollow first frustum structure, the top of the first frustum structure is provided with a square opening; its side length is equal to the outer diameter of the culvert into which it is placed; the other four sides are provided with stiffening ribs; a grooved track is provided on the outer side of the first frustum structure; a first sealing ring is embedded around the grooved track; the first sealing ring is in extrusion contact with a first iron plate with a thickness of mm. The outer side of the loading section is provided with a hollow second frustum structure, the top of which has a square opening; its side length is equal to the outer diameter of the culvert into which it is placed; the other four sides are provided with stiffening ribs; each side of the groove wall of the second frustum structure is equipped with a hydraulic pressurizing device; the four hydraulic pressurizing devices are connected to four sections of internal oil pipes; a through hole is opened on the outer side of the top hydraulic pressurizing device to connect to an external oil pipe; one end of the hydraulic pressurizing device is fixed to an annular gasket; a groove track is provided inside the second frustum structure; a second sealing ring is embedded around the groove track; the second sealing ring is in contact with a second iron plate with a thickness of mm.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each section of the underwater tunnel environment simulation box of the present invention is provided with two iron rings with an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the culvert, and two iron wires are provided above the two iron rings and welded to the side wall of the opening.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cover plate is made of iron plate with a thickness of mm, and its size matches the opening. One end of the cover plate is connected to the housing by a hinge, and the other end is connected to the housing by a buckle. A round hole with a diameter matching the outer diameter of the hydraulic pipe is left on its right side.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic pressurization device is fixed to the inner wall of the second truncated pyramid structure of the loading section, the four axial loading jacks are connected to the external oil pipes, the lower end of the radial jacks is connected to an annular gasket, and the annular gasket is fixed to the outer surface of the culvert.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer diameter of the annular gasket is larger than the outer diameter of the culvert, and the inner diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the culvert.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the strain gauges are disposed at the connection between adjacent culverts and at the connection between the culvert and the iron ring, the sacrificial anode potential monitoring devices are equidistantly distributed along the axial direction at the upper and lower ends of the inner surface of the culvert, and the water pressure gauges are distributed in an equidistant array along the radial direction in the middle section of the outer surface of the culvert.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of boxes in the intermediate section can be increased or decreased according to actual conditions.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process flow of the underwater tunnel electromechanical integrated monitoring test device of the present invention is as follows: S1: Analyze the actual situation of the underwater tunnel to be monitored, determine the number of boxes in the intermediate section; weld the iron ring, install the culvert, and connect adjacent box sections with bolts; S2: Embed a first sealing ring inside the groove of the pressure-bearing section, and place a first iron plate according to actual needs to fix the culvert; embed an annular gasket inside the groove of the loading section, and arrange four axial loading jacks in an array at equal intervals on the outer side of the annular gasket; S3: Place a radial loading jack below the opening, inject water and mud into the opening, and cover it with the cover plate; S4: Install a comprehensive power and electrical monitoring system in the underwater tunnel environment simulation box; S5: Determine the magnitude of the load, apply the axial load using the axial loading jack, and apply the radial load with equal gradient using the radial loading jack; S6: Set the simulation duration, collect, integrate, and analyze the experimental data; S7: Adjust the axial load, do not adjust the radial load, repeat the simulation experiment, and collect, integrate and analyze the test data.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an underwater tunnel force and electrical comprehensive monitoring test device and method, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention quantifies monitoring indicators by setting up an underwater tunnel simulation box; 2. This invention achieves simulation of complex stress conditions by employing segmented loading technology; 3. This invention utilizes multi-source information fusion technology for tunnel monitoring; 4. The present invention ensures local stability of the component and transmits concentrated force by setting stiffening ribs; and achieves the application of average axial pressure to the culvert by fixing one end of the hydraulic pressurizing device to the annular gasket. 5. This invention allows users to increase or decrease the number of boxes according to actual needs by setting an intermediate section, which is flexible and can meet different user requirements; 6. This invention provides a circular hole to allow the hydraulic pipe to pass through; 7. In this invention, strain gauges are installed at the connection points between adjacent culverts and between the culvert and the iron ring to reflect the strain on the surface of the box near the joint, the vertical displacement of the culvert, and the settlement displacement of the support; the sacrificial anode potential monitoring device is equidistantly distributed along the axial direction at the upper and lower ends of the inner surface of the culvert to reflect whether the underwater tunnel environment simulation box experiences stress concentration, box cracking, and water seepage after cracking; the water pressure gauge is arranged in an equidistant array along the radial direction in the middle section of the outer surface of the culvert to reflect the water pressure condition of the flow field on the box. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the simulated water tank of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an overall schematic diagram of the loading frustum of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the loading frustum of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the simulated water tank of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial schematic diagram of the stiffening ribs in the simulated water tank of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Pressure-bearing section; 11. First truncated pyramid structure; 12. First sealing ring; 13. First iron plate; 2. Intermediate section; 3. Loading section; 31. Second truncated pyramid structure; 32. Hydraulic pressurization device; 33. Annular gasket; 34. Second sealing ring; 35. Second iron plate; 36. Internal oil pipe; 37. External oil pipe; 4. Pipe culvert; 41. Strain gauge; 42. Sacrificial anode potential monitoring device; 43. Water pressure gauge; 5. Cover plate; 6. Stiffening rib; 7. Circular hole; 8. Iron ring; 9. Iron wire; 10. Hinge. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0017] Please see Figure 1-5 As shown, the underwater tunnel force-electric integrated monitoring test device of the present invention includes an underwater tunnel environment simulation box, a hydraulic loading system, and a force-electric integrated monitoring system. The underwater tunnel environment simulation box includes a pressure-bearing section 1, an intermediate section 2, and a loading section 3. The underwater tunnel environment simulation box has a culvert 4 installed inside and an opening at the top, with a cover plate 5 connected to the opening. The hydraulic loading system includes radial loading jacks and axial loading jacks. The radial loading jacks are located below the cover plate 5, and the axial loading jacks are arranged in an equidistant array on the inner wall of the second frustum structure 31 of the loading section. The electromechanical integrated monitoring system includes strain gauges 41, sacrificial anode potential monitoring devices 42, water pressure gauges 43, data acquisition devices, and software analysis systems. The strain gauges 41 are installed at the connection points between adjacent culverts 4 and between the culverts 4 and the iron rings. The potential monitoring system is equidistantly distributed along the axial direction on the inner side of the culverts 4. The water pressure gauges are arranged in an array along the radial direction in the middle section of each box. The data from the three monitoring devices is collected by the data acquisition device.

[0018] In this invention, the monitoring indicators are quantified by designing an underwater tunnel simulation box; complex stress conditions are simulated by using segmented loading technology; and tunnel monitoring is carried out by using multi-source information fusion technology.

[0019] An alternative implementation, such as Figure 1 , 4 As shown in Figure 5, the outer side of the pressure-bearing section 1 of the present invention is provided with a hollow first truncated pyramid structure 11, the top of the first truncated pyramid structure 11 is provided with a square opening; its side length is equal to the outer diameter of the culvert 4; the other four sides are provided with stiffening ribs 6; a grooved track is provided on the outer side of the first truncated pyramid structure 11, and a first sealing ring 12 is embedded around the grooved track. The first sealing ring 12 is in contact with the first iron plate 13 with a thickness of 20mm. The loading section 3 has a hollow second frustum structure 31 on its outer side. The top of the second frustum structure 31 has a square opening with a side length equal to the outer diameter of the culvert 4. The other four sides have stiffening ribs 6. Each side of the groove wall of the second frustum structure 31 is equipped with a hydraulic pressurizing device 32. The four hydraulic pressurizing devices 32 are connected to four internal oil pipes 36. The top hydraulic pressurizing device 32 has a through hole on its outer side, which is connected to an external oil pipe 37. One end of the hydraulic pressurizing device 32 is fixed to an annular gasket 33. The second frustum structure 31 has a groove track inside. The groove track is surrounded by a second sealing ring 34. The second sealing ring 34 is in contact with a second iron plate 35 with a thickness of 20mm.

[0020] In this invention, stiffening ribs 6 are provided on four sides, and the stiffening ribs 6 are 10mm*20mm in size to ensure local stability of the component and transmit concentrated force; one end of the hydraulic pressurizing device 32 is fixed to the annular gasket 33 to apply average axial pressure to the culvert 4.

[0021] An alternative implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the number of boxes in the intermediate section 2 of this invention can be increased or decreased according to the actual situation.

[0022] In this invention, the number of boxes in the middle section 2 can be increased or decreased according to actual needs, which is flexible and can meet different user requirements.

[0023] An alternative implementation, such as Figure 1 , 4 As shown, each section of the underwater tunnel environment simulation box of the present invention is provided with two iron rings 8 with an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the culvert 4. Two iron wires 9 are provided above the two iron rings 8 and welded to the side wall at the opening.

[0024] In this invention, each section of the box has a size of 2m*2m, and the outer shell is made of 10mm iron plate. The upper opening size is 400*400mm. Each section of the box has 20 threaded holes for connection. Inside each section of the box, there are two iron rings 8 with an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the culvert 4 to fix the position of the culvert 4.

[0025] An alternative implementation, such as Figure 5 As shown, the cover plate 5 of the present invention is made of iron plate with a thickness of 10mm, and its size matches the opening. One end of it is connected to the box body by a hinge 10, and the other end is connected to the box body by a buckle. A round hole 7 with a diameter matching the outer diameter of the hydraulic pipe is left on its right side.

[0026] In this invention, a circular hole 7 with a diameter matching the outer diameter of the hydraulic pipe is provided on its right side so that the hydraulic pipe can pass through.

[0027] An alternative implementation, such as Figure 2-3 As shown, the hydraulic pressurizing device 32 of the present invention is fixed to the inner wall of the second truncated pyramid structure 31 of the loading section. The four axial loading jacks are connected to the external oil pipes 37. The lower end of the radial jack is connected to an annular gasket 33. The annular gasket 33 is fixed to the outer surface of the culvert 4. The outer diameter of the annular gasket 33 is larger than the outer diameter of the culvert 4, and the inner diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the culvert 4.

[0028] An alternative implementation, such as Figure 4 As shown, the strain gauge 41 of the present invention is disposed at the connection between adjacent culverts 4 and at the connection between culvert 4 and iron ring 8. The sacrificial anode potential monitoring device 42 is equidistantly distributed along the axial direction at the upper and lower ends of the inner surface of the culvert 4. The water pressure gauge 43 is distributed in an equidistant array along the radial direction in the middle section of the outer surface of the culvert 4.

[0029] In this invention, strain gauges 41 are disposed at the connection between adjacent culverts 4 and at the connection between culvert 4 and iron ring 8 to reflect the strain on the surface of the box near the joint, the vertical displacement of the culvert 4, and the settlement displacement of the support; the sacrificial anode potential monitoring device 42 is equidistantly distributed along the axial direction at the upper and lower ends of the inner surface of the culvert 4 to reflect whether the underwater tunnel environment simulation box has stress concentration, box cracking, and water seepage after cracking; the water pressure gauges 43 are distributed in an equidistant array along the radial direction in the middle section of the outer surface of the culvert 4 to reflect the water pressure condition of the flow field on the box.

[0030] An alternative implementation, such as Figure 1-5 As shown, the process flow of the underwater tunnel electro-mechanical integrated monitoring test device of the present invention is as follows: S1: Analyze the actual situation of the underwater tunnel to be monitored, determine the number of boxes in the intermediate section 2; weld the iron ring 8, and install the culvert 4, connecting adjacent box sections with bolts; S2: Embed the first sealing ring 12 inside the groove of the pressure-bearing section 1, and place the first iron plate 13 according to actual needs to fix the culvert 4; embed the annular gasket 33 inside the groove of the loading section 3, and arrange four axial loading jacks in an array at equal intervals on the outer side of the annular gasket 33. S3: Place a radial loading jack below the opening, inject water and mud into the opening, and cover it with the cover plate 5; S4: Install a comprehensive power and electrical monitoring system in the underwater tunnel environment simulation box; S5: Determine the magnitude of the load, apply the axial load using the axial loading jack, and apply the radial load with equal gradient using the radial loading jack; S6: Set the simulation duration, collect, integrate, and analyze the experimental data; S7: Adjust the axial load, do not adjust the radial load, repeat the simulation experiment, and collect, integrate and analyze the test data.

[0031] The basic concepts have been described above. It is clear that the detailed disclosure above is merely illustrative and does not constitute a limitation of this specification. Although not explicitly stated herein, various modifications, improvements, and deviations may be made to this specification by those skilled in the art. Such modifications, improvements, and deviations are suggested in this specification and therefore remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments described herein.

[0032] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that various aspects of this specification can be described and illustrated in several patentable ways or situations, including any new and useful combination of processes, machines, products, or substances, or any new and useful improvements thereto. Accordingly, various aspects of this specification can be implemented entirely by hardware, entirely by software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or by a combination of hardware and software. All of the above hardware or software may be referred to as a “data block,” “module,” “engine,” “unit,” “component,” or “system.” Furthermore, various aspects of this specification may be represented as a computer product located on one or more computer-readable media, including computer-readable program code.

[0033] It should be noted that if there are any inconsistencies or conflicts between the descriptions, definitions, and / or terms used in the supplementary materials to this manual and the contents of this manual, the descriptions, definitions, and / or terms used in this manual shall prevail.

[0034] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the embodiments described herein. Other variations may also fall within the scope of this specification. Therefore, alternative configurations of the embodiments described herein are intended to be illustrative rather than limiting, and are considered consistent with the teachings of this specification. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are not limited to those explicitly introduced and described herein.

Claims

1. A test device for integrated force and electrical monitoring of underwater tunnels, characterized in that: The underwater tunnel environment simulation box includes an underwater tunnel environment simulation box, a hydraulic loading system, and a force and electricity integrated monitoring system. The underwater tunnel environment simulation box includes a pressure-bearing section (1), an intermediate section (2), and a loading section (3). The underwater tunnel environment simulation box has a culvert (4) installed inside the box and an opening at the top, with a cover plate (5) connected to the opening. The hydraulic loading system includes radial loading jacks and axial loading jacks. The radial loading jacks are located below the cover plate (5), and the axial loading jacks are arranged in an equidistant array on the inner wall of the second truncated pyramid structure (31) of the loading section. The electromechanical integrated monitoring system includes strain gauges (41), sacrificial anode potential monitoring devices (42), water pressure gauges (43), data acquisition devices, and software analysis systems. The strain gauges (41) are installed at the connection between adjacent culverts (4) and at the connection between the culvert (4) and the iron ring. The sacrificial anode potential monitoring devices (42) are equidistantly distributed along the axial direction on the inner side of the culvert (4). The water pressure gauges are arranged in an array along the radial direction in the middle section of each box. The data from the three monitoring devices is collected by the data acquisition device. The pressure-bearing section (1) is provided with a hollow first truncated pyramid structure (11) on the outside. The top of the first truncated pyramid structure (11) is provided with a square opening. The side length of the square opening is equal to the outer diameter of the culvert (4) into which it is placed. The other four sides of the first truncated pyramid structure (11) are provided with stiffening ribs (6). The outside of the first truncated pyramid structure (11) is provided with a grooved track. The grooved track is surrounded by a first sealing ring (12). The first sealing ring (12) is in contact with a first iron plate (13) with a thickness of 20mm. The loading section (3) has a hollow second truncated pyramid structure (31) on its outer side. The top of the second truncated pyramid structure (31) has a square opening. The side length of the square opening is equal to the outer diameter of the culvert (4) into which it is placed. The other four sides of the second truncated pyramid structure (31) have stiffening ribs (6). Each side of the groove wall of the second truncated pyramid structure (31) is equipped with a hydraulic pressurizing device (32). The four hydraulic pressurizing devices (32) are connected to four internal oil pipes (36). The top hydraulic pressurizing device (32) has a through hole on its outer side, which is connected to an external oil pipe (37). One end of the hydraulic pressurizing device (32) is fixed to an annular gasket (33). The second truncated pyramid structure (31) has a groove track inside. The groove track is surrounded by a second sealing ring (34). The second sealing ring (34) is in contact with a second iron plate (35) with a thickness of 20mm. The underwater tunnel environment simulation box has two iron rings (8) with an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the culvert (4) inside each section of the box. Two iron wires (9) are provided above the two iron rings (8) and welded to the side wall of the opening. The hydraulic pressurizing device (32) is fixed to the inner wall of the second truncated pyramid structure (31) of the loading section. The four axial loading jacks are connected to the external oil pipe (37). The lower end of the radial loading jack is connected to an annular gasket (33). The annular gasket (33) is fixed to the outer surface of the culvert (4). The strain gauge (41) is disposed at the connection between adjacent culverts (4) and at the connection between the culvert (4) and the iron ring (8). The sacrificial anode potential monitoring device (42) is equidistantly distributed along the axial direction at the upper and lower ends of the inner surface of the culvert (4). The water pressure gauge (43) is equidistantly distributed along the radial direction in the middle section of the outer surface of the culvert (4).

2. The underwater tunnel electromechanical integrated monitoring test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate (5) is made of 10mm thick iron plate and its size matches the opening at the top of the underwater tunnel environment simulation box. One end of it is connected to the box body by a hinge (10) and the other end is connected to the box body by a buckle. A round hole (7) with a diameter matching the outer diameter of the hydraulic pipe is left on its right side.

3. The underwater tunnel electromechanical integrated monitoring test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the annular gasket (33) is larger than the outer diameter of the culvert (4), and the inner diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the culvert (4).

4. The underwater tunnel electromechanical integrated monitoring test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of boxes in the intermediate section (2) may be increased or decreased according to the actual situation.

5. A method for underwater tunnel electromechanical integrated monitoring test device based on any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The process flow of the monitoring and testing device method is as follows: S1: Analyze the actual situation of the underwater tunnel to be monitored, determine the number of boxes in the intermediate section (2); weld the iron ring (8), and place the culvert (4), and connect the adjacent box sections with bolts; S2: Embed the first sealing ring (12) inside the groove of the pressure-bearing section (1) and place the first iron plate (13) according to actual needs to fix the culvert (4); embed the annular gasket (33) inside the groove of the loading section (3), and arrange four axial loading jacks in an array at equal intervals on the outside of the annular gasket (33); S3: Place a radial loading jack below the opening, inject water and mud into the opening, and cover it with the cover plate (5); S4: Install a comprehensive power and electrical monitoring system in the underwater tunnel environment simulation box; S5: Determine the magnitude of the load, apply the axial load using the axial loading jack, and apply the radial load with equal gradient using the radial loading jack; S6: Set the simulation duration, collect, integrate, and analyze the experimental data; S7: Adjust the axial load, do not adjust the radial load, repeat the simulation experiment, and collect, integrate and analyze the test data.

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