Monitoring methods and devices, electronic equipment, and storage media for hydrological disasters

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and device for monitoring hydrological disasters, electronic equipment, and storage medium, relating to the field of digital twins. After collecting precipitation data for each rainfall event, the method calculates precipitation runoff based on real-time precipitation data and forecast precipitation data. Then, it determines the runoff table of the watershed covered by real-time precipitation based on the precipitation runoff, compares the runoff evolution data with the runoff threshold, and generates a disaster risk tendency report based on the comparison results. This invention solves the technical problem in related technologies where water level forecasting is used to predict flood disasters, resulting in poor flood control and disaster reduction effects and causing significant losses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of three-dimensional digital twins, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for monitoring hydrological disasters, electronic equipment, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] As public awareness of natural disasters continues to rise, particularly regarding floods, fires, droughts, and waterlogging in various regions, flooding, a common natural phenomenon, is also one of the most frequent natural disasters in the real world. To improve the accuracy of flood forecasting, current technologies often compare water levels with local watershed warning levels to confirm flood forecasts. However, this water level-based forecasting method is only effective when a disaster is about to occur or has already occurred, and it often only forecasts large areas, making it difficult to provide localized warnings, increasing the difficulty of flood control, and causing greater losses.

[0003] There is currently no effective solution to the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method and device for monitoring hydrological disasters, an electronic device, and a storage medium, to at least solve the technical problem in related technologies where water level forecasting is used to predict flood disasters, resulting in poor flood control and disaster reduction effects and causing significant losses.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for monitoring hydrological disasters is provided, comprising: collecting real-time precipitation data; calculating precipitation runoff based on the real-time precipitation data and forecast precipitation data, wherein the precipitation runoff is the remaining water flow after deducting the consumed water flow during a single precipitation event, and the forecast precipitation data is generated by weather forecasts for a preset future time period; determining a runoff table for a watershed covered by real-time precipitation based on the precipitation runoff, wherein the runoff table is used to simulate and extrapolate runoff evolution data within the watershed covered by real-time precipitation; comparing the runoff evolution data with a runoff threshold, and generating a disaster risk tendency report based on the comparison result, wherein the runoff threshold is obtained by calculating the runoff required for the river channel from historical water level warning height values.

[0006] Optionally, the step of calculating precipitation runoff based on the real-time precipitation data and forecast precipitation data includes: determining the watershed type of the watershed covered by the real-time precipitation, and indexing the runoff coefficient corresponding to the watershed type based on a regional mapping table, wherein the regional mapping table includes mapping relationships between various watershed types and runoff coefficients; and calculating the precipitation runoff of the watershed covered by the real-time precipitation based on the runoff coefficient, the real-time precipitation data, and the forecast precipitation data.

[0007] Optionally, after collecting real-time precipitation data, the method further includes: comparing the current precipitation parameter in the real-time precipitation data with a precipitation threshold to obtain a comparison result, wherein the precipitation threshold is determined by the water level height values ​​generated by multiple precipitation events recorded in a historical time period; and initiating an instruction to calculate the precipitation runoff if the comparison result indicates that the current precipitation parameter is greater than the precipitation threshold.

[0008] Optionally, determining the precipitation threshold includes: extracting the release information for each precipitation event during the historical time period, wherein the release information includes at least: the historical water level height value at each precipitation event; determining the historical water level warning height value based on multiple historical water level height values, and calculating the difference between the historical water level warning height value and the real-time water level height value to obtain a water level height difference value; calculating the water flow required for the river to reach the specified water level warning height value based on the width data of each river channel and the water level height difference value; and using the water flow required for the river to reach the specified water level warning height value as the precipitation threshold.

[0009] Optionally, the step of determining the runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the precipitation runoff includes: obtaining the water surface evaporation within a historical preset time period; calculating the watershed evaporation based on the water surface evaporation and the local evaporation coefficient; calculating the runoff data of each river based on the watershed evaporation and the precipitation runoff; and generating the runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the flow direction of each river and the runoff data of each river.

[0010] Optionally, before generating the runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the flow direction of multiple rivers and the confluence data of each river, the method further includes: acquiring topographic data of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed, extracting river network information from the topographic data, wherein the river network information includes: river channel data of multiple rivers, the river channel data including at least the width of the river at each location; and analyzing the flow direction of each river based on the width of the river at each location and the changes in river morphology in satellite images.

[0011] Optionally, after determining the runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the precipitation runoff, the method further includes: inputting the runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed into a digital twin system, adjusting the model parameters associated with the real-time precipitation-covered watershed in the digital twin system to obtain an adjusted digital twin system, wherein the model parameters include at least one of the following: water flow rate, water level, and water velocity; and using the adjusted digital twin system to extrapolate the precipitation changes in the real-time precipitation-covered watershed to obtain the runoff evolution data.

[0012] Optionally, the step of generating a disaster risk propensity report based on the comparison results includes: confirming the peak flow of each river channel within the real-time precipitation-covered basin and the flood risk points and / or flood points that may occur when the peak flow is reached, based on the comparison results; determining all disaster points that may cause risks and the estimated time of disaster occurrence; locating the coordinate information of each disaster point; and generating the risk propensity report based on the peak flow of the river channel, the coordinate information of each disaster point, and the estimated time of disaster occurrence.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present invention, a hydrological disaster monitoring device is also provided, comprising: a data acquisition unit for acquiring real-time precipitation data; a calculation unit for calculating precipitation runoff based on the real-time precipitation data and forecast precipitation data, wherein the precipitation runoff is the remaining water flow after deducting the consumed water flow during a single precipitation event, and the forecast precipitation data is generated from weather forecasts for a preset future time period; a determination unit for determining a runoff table for a watershed covered by real-time precipitation based on the precipitation runoff, wherein the runoff table is used to simulate and extrapolate runoff evolution data within the watershed covered by real-time precipitation; and a generation unit for comparing the runoff evolution data with a runoff threshold and generating a disaster risk tendency report based on the comparison result, wherein the runoff threshold is obtained by calculating the runoff required for the river channel from historical water level warning height values.

[0014] Optionally, the calculation unit includes: a first determining module, configured to determine the watershed type of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed, and index the runoff generation coefficient corresponding to the watershed type based on a regional mapping table, wherein the regional mapping table includes mapping relationships between various watershed types and runoff generation coefficients; and a first calculation module, configured to calculate the precipitation runoff of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the runoff generation coefficient, the real-time precipitation data, and the forecast precipitation data.

[0015] Optionally, the hydrological disaster monitoring device further includes: a first comparison unit, used to compare the current precipitation parameter in the real-time precipitation data with a precipitation threshold after collecting real-time precipitation data, and obtain a comparison result, wherein the precipitation threshold is determined by the water level height values ​​generated by multiple precipitation events recorded in a historical time period; and a start unit, used to initiate an instruction to calculate the precipitation runoff when the comparison result indicates that the current precipitation parameter is greater than the precipitation threshold.

[0016] Optionally, the hydrological disaster monitoring device, in determining the precipitation threshold, includes: a first extraction module, used to extract the release information of each precipitation event in the historical time period, wherein the release information includes at least: the historical water level height value at each precipitation event; a second calculation module, used to determine the historical water level warning height value based on multiple historical water level height values, and calculate the difference between the historical water level warning height value and the real-time water level height value to obtain the water level height difference value; a third calculation module, used to calculate the water flow required for the river to reach the specified water level warning height value based on the width data of each river channel and the water level height difference value; and using the water flow required for the river to reach the specified water level warning height value as the precipitation threshold.

[0017] Optionally, the determining unit includes: a first acquisition module, used to acquire water surface evaporation within a historical preset time period; a fourth calculation module, used to calculate the basin evaporation of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the water surface evaporation and the local evaporation coefficient; a fifth calculation module, used to calculate the runoff data of each river channel based on the basin evaporation and the runoff generated by the precipitation; and a first generation module, used to generate a runoff table for the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the flow direction of each river channel and the runoff data of each river channel.

[0018] Optionally, the hydrological disaster monitoring device further includes: a second acquisition module, used to acquire topographic data of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed before generating the runoff table of the watershed based on the flow direction of multiple rivers and the confluence data of each river, and extract river network information from the topographic data, wherein the river network information includes: river channel data of multiple rivers, the river channel data including at least the width of the river at each location; and a first analysis module, used to analyze the flow direction of each river based on the width of the river at each location and the changes in river morphology in satellite images.

[0019] Optionally, the hydrological disaster monitoring device further includes: an input module, used to input the runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed into a digital twin system after determining the runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the precipitation runoff, and to adjust the model parameters associated with the real-time precipitation-covered watershed in the digital twin system to obtain the adjusted digital twin system, wherein the model parameters include at least one of the following: water flow, water level, and water velocity; and a derivation module, used to use the adjusted digital twin system to deduce the precipitation changes in the real-time precipitation-covered watershed to obtain the runoff evolution data.

[0020] Optionally, the generation unit includes: a second determining module, configured to confirm, based on the comparison results, the peak flow of each river channel within the real-time precipitation coverage area and the flood risk points and / or flood points that may occur when the peak flow is reached, determine all disaster points that may cause risks and the estimated time of disaster occurrence; locate the coordinate information of each disaster point; and a generation module, configured to generate the risk tendency report based on the peak flow of the river channel, the coordinate information of each disaster point, and the estimated time of disaster occurrence.

[0021] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided, comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the processor is configured to perform the hydrological disaster monitoring method described in any one of the preceding embodiments by executing the executable instructions.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, the computer-readable storage medium including a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the hydrological disaster monitoring method described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0023] In this disclosure, real-time precipitation data can be collected, and precipitation runoff can be calculated based on the real-time precipitation data and forecast precipitation data. Precipitation runoff is the remaining water flow after deducting the consumed water flow during a single precipitation event. Forecast precipitation data is generated from weather forecasts for the current time in a future preset time period. Based on precipitation runoff, a runoff table for the watershed covered by real-time precipitation is determined, wherein the runoff table is used to simulate and extrapolate runoff evolution data within the watershed covered by real-time precipitation. The runoff evolution data is compared with a runoff threshold, and a disaster risk tendency report is generated based on the comparison results. The runoff threshold is obtained by calculating the runoff required for the river channel from historical water level warning height values.

[0024] In this disclosure, the disaster risks caused by precipitation can be analyzed through hydrological sensing equipment and precipitation forecasting, and accurate flood control and disaster reduction forecasting analysis can be performed. This solves the technical problem that the flood control and disaster reduction effect is poor and causes significant losses when using water level forecasting to forecast flood disasters in related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an optional method for monitoring hydrological disasters according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an optional disaster forecasting method based on precipitation data according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an optional method for determining the runoff coefficient of each watershed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an optional hydrological disaster monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a hardware structure block diagram of an electronic device (or mobile device) for a method of monitoring hydrological disasters according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0033] This invention can be applied to systems / equipment / software used for disaster forecasting, disaster tracking, or hydrological monitoring. Taking a hydrological monitoring system as an example, the implementation scheme of this invention has the disadvantages of the existing technology, which relies on monitoring water flow peaks, having a single monitoring method, low efficiency, and inability to prevent disasters in a timely manner. This application can accurately forecast and analyze flood prevention and disaster reduction by combining hydrological sensing equipment and precipitation weather forecasts with elevation data.

[0034] This invention can be applied to scenarios in the field of three-dimensional digital twins for forecasting disaster risks that may be caused by precipitation, and can also be applied to other fields for forecasting disaster risks that may be caused by precipitation. The applicable technical field is not limited.

[0035] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to various embodiments.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for monitoring hydrological disasters is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an optional hydrological disaster monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0039] Step S101: Collect real-time precipitation data;

[0040] Step S102: Calculate precipitation runoff based on real-time precipitation data and forecast precipitation data. Precipitation runoff is the remaining water flow after deducting the consumed water flow during a single precipitation event. Forecast precipitation data is generated from weather forecasts for the current time period in the future.

[0041] Step S103: Determine the runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on precipitation runoff, wherein the runoff table is used to simulate and extrapolate runoff evolution data within the real-time precipitation-covered watershed.

[0042] Step S104: Compare the runoff evolution data with the runoff threshold, and generate a disaster risk tendency report based on the comparison results. The runoff threshold is obtained by calculating the runoff required for the river channel from the historical water level warning height value.

[0043] Through the above steps, real-time precipitation data can be collected. Based on the real-time precipitation data and forecasted precipitation data, precipitation runoff can be calculated. A runoff table for the watershed covered by real-time precipitation can be determined based on the precipitation runoff. This runoff table is used to simulate and extrapolate runoff evolution data within the watershed covered by real-time precipitation. The runoff evolution data is compared with runoff thresholds, and a disaster risk propensity report is generated based on the comparison results. In this embodiment, the disaster risks generated by precipitation can be analyzed through hydrological sensing equipment and precipitation forecasting. This allows for accurate flood control and disaster reduction forecasting analysis, thereby solving the technical problem in related technologies where water level forecasting for flood disasters results in poor flood control and disaster reduction effects, leading to significant losses.

[0044] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the above-described implementation steps.

[0045] Due to significant differences in terrain and precipitation variations across different regions and time periods, for example, the upper reaches of a river are often mountainous, resulting in rapid rainfall and fast water flow. Therefore, the precipitation threshold is relatively higher when assessing potential disasters. In the lower reaches, the terrain is flatter, with more rivers converging and slower water flow, making it easier for multiple rivers to flow into the riverbed and cause floods. In this case, the precipitation threshold is relatively lower. This embodiment describes the precipitation over a specific continuous time period or several consecutive time periods in the same region.

[0046] It should be noted that before collecting real-time precipitation data, a regional elevation and topographic model can be established. The regional topographic data can be obtained from the regional elevation and topographic model, and the geographic data information (including river network information) can be extracted from the topographic data. Based on the geographic data of the watershed, a river segment model of the watershed can be generated.

[0047] Step S101: Collect real-time precipitation data.

[0048] Because the area and amount of precipitation are constantly changing during a single precipitation event due to variations in wind direction and precipitation conditions, it is necessary to pay close attention to the river areas covered by the precipitation during the assessment.

[0049] When collecting real-time precipitation data, data is collected from various precipitation monitoring points in the area covered by each precipitation event. The real-time precipitation data includes: the total precipitation from the start of precipitation to the current time, and the hourly precipitation.

[0050] In this embodiment, it is necessary to first determine the precipitation threshold for each region. When determining the precipitation threshold, a precipitation warning threshold can be generated based on the historical precipitation data of the watershed. This includes: extracting the release information for each precipitation event in the historical time period, wherein the release information includes at least the historical water level height value at each precipitation event; determining the historical water level warning height value based on multiple historical water level height values, and calculating the difference between the historical water level warning height value and the real-time water level height value to obtain the water level height difference value; calculating the water flow required for the river to reach the specified water level warning height value based on the width data of each river channel and the water level height difference value; and using the water flow required for the river to reach the specified water level warning height value as the precipitation threshold.

[0051] The precipitation threshold for each region is constantly changing and needs to be updated periodically. This is done by taking multiple precipitation data points from historical periods prior to the current time point and updating the threshold accordingly. For example, historical water level warning heights can be calculated from water level warning information from 3-5 years prior to the current time point. In this embodiment, this historical water level warning height can be identified by H1. After obtaining H1, the difference between it and the real-time water level can be calculated, i.e., the data difference h' between H1 and the current water level parameter h, where h' = Hh. Finally, based on the river width data and h', the water flow data required for the river to reach the specified warning threshold water level is calculated, and this water flow data is used as the precipitation threshold for the basin (which can also be regarded as the precipitation warning threshold).

[0052] Optionally, after collecting real-time precipitation data, the method further includes: comparing the current precipitation parameter in the real-time precipitation data with a precipitation threshold to obtain a comparison result, wherein the precipitation threshold is determined by the water level height values ​​generated by multiple precipitation events recorded in the historical time period; and initiating an instruction to calculate precipitation runoff if the comparison result indicates that the current precipitation parameter is greater than the precipitation threshold.

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an optional disaster forecasting method based on precipitation data according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, after data collection (obtained through precipitation forecast information), it is determined whether the precipitation reaches the precipitation threshold. If not, no action is required, as the precipitation is relatively low and generally no disaster will occur. However, if the precipitation exceeds the threshold, water flow simulation is required. During the simulation, real-time precipitation, real-time water level, and real-time water flow velocity are simulated to estimate the impact of precipitation, calculate precipitation runoff, and then calculate precipitation confluence from the precipitation runoff. Subsequently, water flow simulation is performed to determine the disaster points in the basin that may experience flooding, thus achieving disaster point forecasting.

[0054] Step S102: Calculate precipitation runoff based on real-time precipitation data and forecast precipitation data.

[0055] Rainfall runoff refers to the portion of the flow remaining after deducting losses from vegetation interception, evaporation, and infiltration during a single rainfall event. In this embodiment, step S102 includes: determining the watershed type of the real-time rainfall-covered watershed, and indexing the runoff coefficient corresponding to the watershed type based on a regional mapping table, wherein the regional mapping table includes mapping relationships between various watershed types and runoff coefficients; and calculating the rainfall runoff of the real-time rainfall-covered watershed based on the runoff coefficient, real-time rainfall data, and forecast rainfall data.

[0056] When calculating precipitation runoff, it is necessary to determine the runoff coefficient based on the regional type and soil type of different areas. Since the topography of different watersheds leads to different water loss rates, and the water loss rates under different soil types are also different, it is necessary to comprehensively analyze the watershed type and soil type of different watersheds.

[0057] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an optional method for determining the runoff generation coefficient of each watershed according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 3 As shown, watershed types include, but are not limited to, mountainous, hilly, and plain areas. Soil types include, but are not limited to, clay, loam, and sandy loam. H24 refers to 24-hour precipitation. In mountainous areas, the range of runoff coefficients for clay soils with H24 between 100-200 mm is calculated based on runoff data from different watersheds (corresponding precipitation * runoff coefficient). Figure 3 The runoff data is obtained by multiplying the median of the runoff coefficient interval shown in the diagram by the time period, and then the average runoff data of the covered watershed is calculated (the runoff data of different watersheds are averaged).

[0058] After calculating the runoff data for each watershed, the runoff data is calculated by combining it with real-time precipitation.

[0059] Step S103: Determine the runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on precipitation runoff, wherein the runoff table is used to simulate and extrapolate the runoff evolution data within the real-time precipitation-covered watershed.

[0060] Since each river channel is often formed by the confluence of multiple rivers, when considering the runoff data of a certain covered watershed, it is necessary to first consider the confluence data of multiple rivers within the covered watershed. The runoff data is formed by multiple confluence data. In this embodiment, for the runoff data of a certain main river channel, a runoff table is used to record the confluence data of each river channel flowing into it.

[0061] It should be noted that in this embodiment, a precipitation runoff table is generated based on the location of the confluence of multiple rivers caused by precipitation and the flow rate of the confluence, thus obtaining the evolution data form to be deduced.

[0062] Optionally, step S103 includes: obtaining the water surface evaporation within a historical preset time period, wherein the previous precipitation is the most recent precipitation before the current moment in the historical process; calculating the basin evaporation of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the water surface evaporation and the local evaporation coefficient; calculating the runoff data of each river based on the basin evaporation and precipitation runoff; and generating a runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the flow direction of each river and the runoff data of each river.

[0063] The formula for calculating runoff data is: Runoff Data = Watershed Runoff Data (Precipitation Runoff) - Evaporation Data (Watershed Evaporation); where Watershed Evaporation E = α(Em), E is the daily evaporation capacity of the watershed (daily evaporation capacity table obtained from experimental calculations), α is the local evaporation coefficient, and Em is the water surface evaporation. E is calculated based on the interval between the most recent precipitation and the current precipitation, and the daily evaporation capacity table is formed based on experimental calculations.

[0064] After obtaining the confluence data for each river channel, real-time runoff data can be determined by combining it with the river flow direction. The river flow direction can be obtained through satellite imagery / data collected by river IoT sensing devices. For example, satellite imagery analysis can be used to determine the river's narrowest point (often upstream, where the river begins, is deeper, and narrower), its widest point (often downstream, where the river ends, and the water surface is wider), and the confluence points. Connecting these points with lines can determine the river's flow direction. Alternatively, it can be determined using IoT sensing devices installed in the river (e.g., floating spheres on these devices), or directly by manually drawing lines on a river map. This river direction is generally predetermined and can be retrieved later.

[0065] In this embodiment, before generating the runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the water flow direction in multiple waterways and the confluence data of each waterway, the method further includes: acquiring topographic data of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed, and extracting river network information from the topographic data. The river network information includes: waterway data of multiple waterways, and the waterway data includes at least the width of the waterway at each location. The water flow direction of each waterway is analyzed based on the width of the waterway at each location and the changes in the waterway morphology in satellite images.

[0066] The aforementioned topographic data of the watershed covered by real-time precipitation can be extracted from the regional DEM model data. A DEM model is a digital elevation model that uses topographic elevation data to digitally simulate the topography of the watershed. Topographic data can be obtained through this DEM data, thereby determining the river network information in the DEM data. Since the bifurcation of each river channel is different, a river network data form can be established for all river networks. The direction of river flow and confluence data can be determined through this river network data form.

[0067] After obtaining the runoff table, runoff extrapolation can be performed. Optionally, after determining the runoff table for the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on precipitation runoff, the process further includes: inputting the runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed into a digital twin system, adjusting the model parameters associated with the real-time precipitation-covered watershed in the digital twin system to obtain an adjusted digital twin system, wherein the model parameters include at least one of the following: water flow, water level, and water velocity; and using the adjusted digital twin system to extrapolate precipitation changes in the real-time precipitation-covered watershed to obtain runoff evolution data.

[0068] In this embodiment, the precipitation is simulated first to simulate the evolution of the confluence during the simulation process.

[0069] The digital twin system dynamically extrapolates the evolution of precipitation runoff by adjusting the three-dimensional model parameters (such as water flow, water level, and water velocity) according to the precipitation runoff table. Based on the predicted precipitation, the system first simulates the precipitation within the watershed area, and then simulates the evolution of runoff based on the precipitation runoff table. Based on the runoff evolution data during the simulation, warning locations where the runoff data exceeds a threshold are marked. These warning locations may be potential disaster points, and their coordinates need to be recorded and identified through zoom, color, and coordinate parameters.

[0070] Step S104: Compare the runoff evolution data with the runoff threshold, and generate a disaster risk tendency report based on the comparison results. The runoff threshold is obtained by calculating the runoff required for the river channel from the historical water level warning height value.

[0071] It should be noted that the disaster risk propensity report is a risk propensity report that is inferred from runoff evolution data to indicate the potential for disaster risks.

[0072] Optionally, the step of generating a disaster risk propensity report based on the comparison results includes: confirming the peak flow of each river channel within the watershed covered by real-time precipitation and the flood risk points and / or flood points that may occur when the peak flow is reached, identifying all disaster points that may pose a risk and the estimated time of disaster occurrence; locating the coordinate information of each disaster point; and generating a risk propensity report based on the peak flow of the river channel, the coordinate information of each disaster point, and the estimated time of disaster occurrence.

[0073] In this embodiment, the corresponding regional coordinate information is extracted from the location of the warning location marker, and the coordinates and location information of the regional marker are used to generate a warning point (regional location information, coordinate information, warning time) to provide forecast reminders for disaster points / warning points.

[0074] Through the above embodiments, historical precipitation data can be used to analyze precipitation thresholds. Based on the precipitation forecast intensity and precipitation data for each precipitation event, precipitation runoff can be calculated. The runoff can then be used to calculate the real-time runoff data. Based on the runoff data, a river runoff table can be generated. Based on the runoff table, simulations can be performed to predict potential disaster risks. Thus, using elevation data, accurate flood control and disaster reduction forecasting and analysis can be conducted.

[0075] The invention will now be described in conjunction with another alternative embodiment.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] This embodiment provides a monitoring device for hydrological disasters. The monitoring device includes multiple implementation units, each of which corresponds to the implementation steps of the above embodiment one.

[0078] Due to significant differences in terrain and precipitation variations across different regions and time periods, for example, the upper reaches of a river are often mountainous, resulting in rapid rainfall and fast water flow. Therefore, the precipitation threshold is relatively higher when assessing potential disasters. In the lower reaches, the terrain is flatter, with more rivers converging and slower water flow, making it easier for multiple rivers to flow into the riverbed and cause floods. In this case, the precipitation threshold is relatively lower. This embodiment describes the precipitation over a specific continuous time period or several consecutive time periods in the same region.

[0079] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an optional hydrological disaster monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the monitoring device may include: a data acquisition unit 41, a calculation unit 42, a determination unit 43, and a generation unit 44, wherein,

[0080] Acquisition unit 41 is used to collect real-time precipitation data;

[0081] It should be noted that before collecting real-time precipitation data, a regional elevation and topographic model can be established. The regional topographic data can be obtained from the regional elevation and topographic model, and the geographic data information (including river network information) can be extracted from the topographic data. Based on the geographic data of the watershed, a river segment model of the watershed can be generated.

[0082] The calculation unit 42 is used to calculate precipitation runoff based on real-time precipitation data and forecast precipitation data. The precipitation runoff is the remaining water flow after deducting the consumed water flow during a single precipitation process. The forecast precipitation data is generated by the weather forecast for the current time in a future preset time period.

[0083] The determination unit 43 is used to determine the runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on precipitation runoff, wherein the runoff table is used to simulate and extrapolate the runoff evolution data within the real-time precipitation-covered watershed;

[0084] The generation unit 44 is used to compare runoff evolution data with runoff threshold and generate a disaster risk tendency report based on the comparison results. The runoff threshold is obtained by calculating the runoff required for the river channel from historical water level warning height values.

[0085] The aforementioned hydrological disaster monitoring device can collect real-time precipitation data through the acquisition unit 41, and calculate precipitation runoff based on the real-time precipitation data and forecast precipitation data through the calculation unit 42. Precipitation runoff is the remaining water flow after deducting consumed water flow during a single precipitation event. Forecast precipitation data is generated from weather forecasts for the current time period in the future. Based on the precipitation runoff, a runoff table for the real-time precipitation-covered watershed is determined. This runoff table is used to simulate and extrapolate runoff evolution data within the real-time precipitation-covered watershed. The runoff evolution data is compared with a runoff threshold, and a disaster risk tendency report is generated based on the comparison results. The runoff threshold is obtained by calculating the required runoff of the river channel from historical water level warning heights. In this embodiment, the disaster risk generated by precipitation can be analyzed through hydrological sensing equipment and precipitation forecasts. Accurate flood control and disaster reduction forecasting analysis can be performed, thereby solving the technical problem in related technologies where water level forecasting for flood disasters results in poor flood control and disaster reduction effects and causes significant losses.

[0086] Optionally, the calculation unit includes: a first determining module, used to determine the watershed type of the watershed covered by real-time precipitation, and to index the runoff generation coefficient corresponding to the watershed type based on a regional mapping table, wherein the regional mapping table includes: mapping relationships between various watershed types and runoff generation coefficients; and a first calculation module, used to calculate the precipitation runoff of the watershed covered by real-time precipitation based on the runoff generation coefficient, real-time precipitation data and forecast precipitation data.

[0087] Optionally, the hydrological disaster monitoring device further includes: a first comparison unit, used to compare the current precipitation parameter in the real-time precipitation data with a precipitation threshold after collecting real-time precipitation data, and obtain a comparison result, wherein the precipitation threshold is determined by the water level height values ​​generated by multiple precipitation events recorded in the historical time period; and a start unit, used to initiate an instruction to calculate precipitation runoff when the comparison result indicates that the current precipitation parameter is greater than the precipitation threshold.

[0088] Optionally, the hydrological disaster monitoring device, in determining the precipitation threshold, includes: a first extraction module for extracting the release information of each precipitation event in a historical time period, wherein the release information includes at least: the historical water level height value at each precipitation event; a second calculation module for determining the historical water level warning height value based on multiple historical water level height values, and calculating the difference between the historical water level warning height value and the real-time water level height value to obtain the water level height difference value; a third calculation module for calculating the water flow required for the river to reach the specified water level warning height value based on the width data of each river channel and the water level height difference value; and using the water flow required for the river to reach the specified water level warning height value as the precipitation threshold.

[0089] The precipitation threshold for each region is constantly changing and needs to be updated periodically. This is done by taking multiple precipitation data points from historical periods prior to the current time point and updating the threshold. For example, the historical water level warning height can be calculated from water level warning information from 3-5 years prior to the current time point. In this embodiment, this historical water level warning height can be identified by H1. After obtaining H1, the difference between it and the real-time precipitation height can be calculated, i.e., the data difference h' between H1 and the current water level height parameter h, where h' = Hh. Finally, based on the river width data and h', the water flow data required for the river to reach the warning threshold water level is calculated, and this water flow data is used as the precipitation threshold for the basin (which can also be regarded as the precipitation warning threshold).

[0090] Optionally, the determining unit includes: a first acquisition module, used to acquire water surface evaporation within a historical preset time period, wherein the previous precipitation is the most recent precipitation before the current moment in the historical process; a fourth calculation module, used to calculate the watershed evaporation of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on water surface evaporation and local evaporation coefficient; a fifth calculation module, used to calculate the runoff data of each river channel based on watershed evaporation and precipitation runoff; and a first generation module, used to generate a runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the water flow direction of each river channel and the runoff data of each river channel.

[0091] Optionally, the hydrological disaster monitoring device further includes: a second acquisition module, used to acquire topographic data of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed before generating a runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the flow direction of multiple rivers and the confluence data of each river, and extract river network information from the topographic data, wherein the river network information includes: river channel data of multiple rivers, and the river channel data includes at least the width of the river at each location; and a first analysis module, used to analyze the flow direction of each river based on the width of the river at each location and the changes in river morphology in satellite images.

[0092] Optionally, the hydrological disaster monitoring device further includes: an input module, used to input the runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed into a digital twin system after determining the runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on precipitation runoff, and to adjust the model parameters associated with the real-time precipitation-covered watershed in the digital twin system to obtain an adjusted digital twin system, wherein the model parameters include at least one of the following: water flow, water level, and water velocity; and a deduction module, used to use the adjusted digital twin system to deduce the precipitation changes in the real-time precipitation-covered watershed to obtain runoff evolution data.

[0093] Optionally, the generation unit includes: a second determining module, used to confirm the peak flow of each river channel within the real-time precipitation coverage basin and the flood risk points and / or flood points that may occur when the peak flow is reached, based on the comparison results; determine all disaster points that may cause risks and the estimated time of disaster occurrence; locate the coordinate information of each disaster point; and a generation module, used to generate a risk tendency report based on the peak flow of the river channel, the coordinate information of each disaster point, and the estimated time of disaster occurrence.

[0094] The aforementioned hydrological disaster monitoring device may also include a processor and a memory. The aforementioned acquisition unit 41, calculation unit 42, determination unit 43, generation unit 44, etc., are all stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the aforementioned program units stored in the memory to realize the corresponding functions.

[0095] The aforementioned processor contains a kernel, which retrieves the corresponding program units from memory. One or more kernels can be configured, and by adjusting kernel parameters, runoff evolution data can be compared with runoff thresholds, and a disaster risk propensity report can be generated based on the comparison results.

[0096] The aforementioned memory may include non-permanent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0097] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided, comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the processor is configured to perform the hydrological disaster monitoring method described above by executing the executable instructions.

[0098] Figure 5 This is a hardware structure block diagram of an electronic device (or mobile device) for a hydrological disaster monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5As shown, the electronic device may include one or more processors 502 (shown as 502a, 502b, ..., 502n in the figure) 502 (processor 502 may include, but is not limited to, a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA, etc.) and a memory 504 for storing data. In addition, it may include: a display, an input / output interface (I / O interface), a universal serial bus (USB) port (which may be included as one of the ports of the I / O interface), a network interface, a keyboard, a power supply, and / or a camera. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 5 The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the structure of the electronic device described above. For example, the electronic device may also include components that are more... Figure 5 The more or fewer components shown, or having the same Figure 5 The different configurations shown.

[0099] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, the computer-readable storage medium including a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is running, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the hydrological disaster monitoring method described above.

[0100] This application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a data processing device, is suitable for executing an initialization program with the following method steps: collecting real-time precipitation data; calculating precipitation runoff based on the real-time precipitation data and forecast precipitation data, wherein the precipitation runoff is the remaining water flow after deducting the consumed water flow during a single precipitation event, and the forecast precipitation data is generated from a weather forecast for the current time within a preset future time period; determining a runoff table for the watershed covered by real-time precipitation based on the precipitation runoff, wherein the runoff table is used to simulate and extrapolate runoff evolution data within the watershed covered by real-time precipitation; comparing the runoff evolution data with a runoff threshold, and generating a disaster risk tendency report based on the comparison result, wherein the runoff threshold is obtained by calculating the runoff required for the river channel from historical water level warning height values.

[0101] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0102] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0103] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units can be a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For instance, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between units or modules may be electrical or other forms.

[0104] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0105] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0106] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0107] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring hydrological disasters, characterized in that, include: Collect real-time precipitation data; The precipitation runoff is calculated based on the real-time precipitation data and the forecast precipitation data, wherein the precipitation runoff is the remaining water flow after deducting the consumed water flow during a single precipitation process, and the forecast precipitation data is generated from the weather forecast for a future preset time period. The step of calculating precipitation runoff based on the real-time precipitation data and forecast precipitation data includes: determining the watershed type of the watershed covered by the real-time precipitation, and indexing the runoff coefficient corresponding to the watershed type based on a regional mapping table, wherein the regional mapping table includes mapping relationships between various watershed types and runoff coefficients; and calculating the precipitation runoff of the watershed covered by the real-time precipitation based on the runoff coefficient, the real-time precipitation data, and the forecast precipitation data. Based on the precipitation runoff, a runoff table for the real-time precipitation-covered watershed is determined, wherein the runoff table includes the confluence data of multiple rivers within the real-time precipitation-covered watershed, and the runoff table is used to simulate and extrapolate the runoff evolution data within the real-time precipitation-covered watershed. The runoff evolution data is compared with the runoff threshold, and a disaster risk propensity report is generated based on the comparison results. The runoff threshold is obtained by calculating the runoff required for the river channel from historical water level warning height values.

2. The monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After collecting real-time precipitation data, the following is also included: The current precipitation parameter in the real-time precipitation data is compared with the precipitation threshold to obtain the comparison result. The precipitation threshold is determined by the water level height values ​​generated by multiple precipitation events recorded in the historical time period. If the comparison result indicates that the current precipitation parameter is greater than the precipitation threshold, an instruction to calculate the precipitation runoff is initiated.

3. The monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determining the precipitation threshold includes: Extract the release information for each precipitation event during the historical time period, wherein the release information includes at least: the historical water level height value at the time of each precipitation event; The historical water level warning height value is determined based on multiple historical water level height values, and the difference between the historical water level warning height value and the real-time water level height value is calculated to obtain the water level height difference value. Based on the width data of each river channel and the difference in water level, calculate the water flow required for the river channel to reach the specified water level warning height. The water flow required for the river to reach the specified water level warning height is used as the precipitation threshold.

4. The monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for determining the runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the precipitation runoff include: Obtain the water surface evaporation rate within a preset historical time period; The evaporation rate of the watershed covered by the real-time precipitation is calculated based on the water surface evaporation rate and the local evaporation coefficient. Based on the evaporation of the watershed and the runoff generated by the precipitation, the runoff data for each river channel is calculated; Based on the flow direction and confluence data of each of the multiple rivers, a runoff table for the real-time precipitation-covered watershed is generated.

5. The monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Before generating the runoff table for the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the flow direction in multiple river channels and the confluence data of each river channel, the process also includes: The topographic data of the watershed covered by real-time precipitation is obtained, and the river network information in the topographic data is extracted. The river network information includes: river channel data of multiple rivers, and the river channel data includes at least the width of the river channel at each location. The direction of water flow in each river channel is analyzed based on the width of the river channel at various locations and the changes in river channel morphology in satellite images.

6. The monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After determining the runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the precipitation runoff, the method further includes: The runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed is input into the digital twin system, and the model parameters associated with the real-time precipitation-covered watershed in the digital twin system are adjusted to obtain the adjusted digital twin system. The model parameters include at least one of the following: water flow rate, water level, and water velocity. The adjusted digital twin system is used to extrapolate precipitation changes in the real-time precipitation-covered watershed to obtain the runoff evolution data.

7. The monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for generating a disaster risk propensity report based on the comparison results include: Based on the comparison results, the peak flow of each river in the basin covered by the real-time precipitation is confirmed, as well as the flood risk points and / or flood points that may occur when the peak flow is reached. All disaster points that may cause risks and the estimated time of disaster occurrence are determined. Locate the coordinates of each of the aforementioned disaster sites; The risk propensity report is generated based on the peak flow of the river, the coordinates of each disaster location, and the estimated time of the disaster.

8. A monitoring device for hydrological disasters, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition unit is used to collect real-time precipitation data. The calculation unit is used to calculate the precipitation runoff based on the real-time precipitation data and the forecast precipitation data, wherein the precipitation runoff is the remaining water flow after deducting the consumed water flow during a single precipitation process, and the forecast precipitation data is generated from the weather forecast for a future preset time period. The calculation unit includes: a first determining module, used to determine the watershed type of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed, and index the runoff generation coefficient corresponding to the watershed type based on a regional mapping table, wherein the regional mapping table includes mapping relationships between various watershed types and runoff generation coefficients; and a first calculation module, used to calculate the precipitation runoff of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the runoff generation coefficient, the real-time precipitation data, and the forecast precipitation data. The determination unit is used to determine the runoff table of the real-time precipitation-covered watershed based on the precipitation runoff, wherein the runoff table includes the confluence data of multiple rivers within the real-time precipitation-covered watershed, and the runoff table is used to simulate and extrapolate the runoff evolution data within the real-time precipitation-covered watershed. The generation unit is used to compare the runoff evolution data with the runoff threshold and generate a disaster risk tendency report based on the comparison result, wherein the runoff threshold is obtained by calculating the runoff required for the river channel from historical water level warning height values.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: processor; as well as Memory for storing the executable instructions of the processor; The processor is configured to execute the hydrological disaster monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 by executing the executable instructions.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device containing the computer-readable storage medium to perform the hydrological disaster monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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