Distributed antennas and terminals

Abstract

The application provides a distributed antenna, which comprises a signal source, a first feeding branch, a second feeding branch and an antenna branch. The antenna branch comprises a first feeding point and a second feeding point which are arranged at intervals, the first feeding branch is connected between the signal source and the first feeding point, and the second feeding branch is connected between the signal source and the second feeding point. The antenna branch comprises a first grounding point which is located between the first feeding point and the second feeding point. A first tuning unit is connected in series on the first feeding branch, and the first tuning unit is used for realizing frequency matching of the distributed antenna. The distributed antenna forms a distributed feeding effect, can excite multiple modes on the same antenna branch, and the radiation efficiency between the modes is continuous, so that a bandwidth effect can be produced. The distributed feeding multiplexes the antenna branch, so that the antenna aperture can be effectively utilized and the volume of the antenna is reduced. The application also relates to a terminal which is assembled with the above distributed antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antennas, and more particularly to a distributed antenna and a terminal. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of communication technology, the frequency bands that the antennas of terminal products need to cover are gradually increasing. At the same time, the current development trend of terminal products focuses on large screen ratios and multiple camera modules, which further squeezes the internal space of terminal products, significantly reducing the clearance area left for antenna operation.

[0003] Traditional antenna structures can only cover a limited number of frequency bands and have a narrow bandwidth. Some frequency bands require large antenna sizes, and multiple antennas need to work together to achieve coverage of multiple frequency bands. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a distributed antenna capable of covering multiple frequency bands and exhibiting good signal quality. This application also provides a terminal including this distributed antenna. Specifically, this application includes the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a distributed antenna, including a signal source, a first feed branch, a second feed branch, and an antenna stub; the antenna stub includes a first feed point and a second feed point spaced apart, the first feed branch connects the first feed point to the signal source, and the second feed branch connects the second feed point to a signal line; the antenna stub includes a first ground point located between the first feed point and the second feed point; a first tuning unit is connected in series on the first feed branch, the first tuning unit being used to achieve frequency matching of the distributed antenna.

[0006] This application's distributed antenna originates from a single signal source and transmits the signal to the same antenna stub via two paths (a first feed branch and a second feed branch), achieving a distributed feeding effect. This distributed feeding can excite multiple modes on the same antenna stub, with continuous radiation efficiency between modes, resulting in a bandwidth effect. Distributed feeding multiplexes the antenna stub, effectively utilizing the antenna aperture and reducing the antenna's size.

[0007] The first tuning unit can utilize its frequency selection and matching characteristics to adjust the resonant points corresponding to each mode, thereby enabling the distributed antenna to cover multiple preset frequency bands during operation.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the first tuning unit is a capacitor, or the first tuning unit is a first series circuit formed by a capacitor and an inductor, or the first tuning unit is a first parallel circuit formed by a capacitor and an inductor.

[0009] In this implementation, the frequency selection and matching characteristics of capacitors, series circuits formed by capacitors and inductors, or parallel circuits can be used to adjust the resonant point of the distributed antenna and make it cover multiple preset frequency bands.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the first tuning unit is configured as a capacitor with a capacitance value of 0.75pF.

[0011] In one possible implementation, a second tuning unit is connected in series on the second feed branch. The second tuning unit is used to cooperate with the first tuning unit to achieve frequency matching of the distributed antenna.

[0012] In this implementation, the introduction of a second tuning unit in conjunction with the first tuning unit can better achieve frequency matching of the distributed antenna, and the size of the antenna stubs can be shortened by adjusting the electrical length.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the second tuning unit is a capacitor, or the second tuning unit is a second series circuit formed by a capacitor and an inductor, or the second tuning unit is a second parallel circuit formed by a capacitor and an inductor.

[0014] In one possible implementation, when the first tuning unit is a capacitor, the second tuning unit is correspondingly set as a capacitor, and the capacitance value is greater than or equal to 3.3pF.

[0015] In one possible implementation, when the first tuning unit is a capacitor, the second tuning unit is correspondingly set as an inductor, and the inductance value is less than or equal to 33nH.

[0016] In one possible implementation, a first matching unit is also connected in parallel on the first feed branch. The first matching unit is a capacitor and / or an inductor, used to achieve electrical length matching of the distributed antenna.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the first matching unit can be a capacitor or an inductor, or a series or parallel combination of capacitors and inductors.

[0018] In this implementation, a first matching unit is connected in parallel on the first feed branch, which can adjust the electrical length to some modes of the distributed antenna, thereby achieving the effect of frequency matching adjustment.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the first matching unit is located between the signal source and the first tuning unit, or the first matching unit is located between the first feed point and the first tuning unit.

[0020] In one possible implementation, there are two first matching units, one of which is located between the signal source and the first tuning unit, and the other is located between the first feed point and the first tuning unit.

[0021] In this implementation, the positions of the first matching unit and the first tuning unit can be adjusted to correspond to the electrical lengths in different modes of the distributed antenna, thereby achieving the effect of frequency matching.

[0022] In one possible implementation, a second matching unit is connected in parallel on the second feed branch. The second matching unit is a capacitor and / or an inductor, used to achieve electrical length matching of the distributed antenna.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the second matching unit can be a capacitor or an inductor, or a series or parallel combination of capacitors and inductors.

[0024] In this implementation, a second matching unit is connected in parallel on the second feed branch, which can adjust the electrical length to some modes of the distributed antenna, thereby achieving the effect of frequency matching adjustment.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the second matching unit is located between the signal source and the second tuning unit, or the second matching unit is located between the second feed point and the second tuning unit.

[0026] In one possible implementation, there are two second matching units, one of which is located between the signal source and the second tuning unit, and the other is located between the second feed point and the second tuning unit.

[0027] In this implementation, the positions of the second matching unit and the second tuning unit can be adjusted to correspond to the electrical lengths in different modes of the distributed antenna, thereby achieving the effect of frequency matching.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the first tuning unit is configured as a capacitor with a capacitance value of 1pF; there are two first matching units, which are located on both sides of the first tuning unit, and the first matching unit located between the first tuning unit and the signal source is configured as a 5.6nH inductor, and the other first matching unit is configured as a 0.7pF capacitor; the second matching unit is configured as a 0.75pF capacitor.

[0029] In one possible implementation, a parasitic branch is also included, which is located in the extension direction from the second feed point to the first feed point, and the parasitic branch also includes a parasitic grounding point.

[0030] In this implementation, the introduction of parasitic branches can add parasitic modes to the distributed antenna, thereby increasing the frequency range it covers.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the length of the parasitic branch is 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the N41 band.

[0032] In one possible implementation, a first gap and a second grounding point are also included, wherein the first gap is located on the side of the first feed point away from the second feed point, and the second grounding point is located on the side of the first gap away from the second feed point.

[0033] In this implementation, a first gap is opened on the side of the first feed point away from the second feed point, so that the antenna stub is broken into two segments. One segment forms a distributed feed with the first feed point and the second feed point respectively, while the other segment forms signal radiation through coupling. The mode excited by the distributed antenna changes, but the effect of multi-band coverage can still be achieved.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the signal source, the first power supply branch, and the second power supply branch are all located on a printed circuit board.

[0035] In this implementation, the signal source, the first feed branch, and the second feed branch are all located on a printed circuit board. Their relative positions and electrical characteristics are relatively stable, which helps to ensure the consistency of the antenna.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the signal source, the first power supply branch, and the second power supply branch can also be disposed on a liquid crystal polymer (LCP).

[0037] In one possible implementation, the frequency bands covered by the distributed antenna include the MHB, NR, LB, Wi-Fi 6E, 5G, UWB, or millimeter wave bands.

[0038] Secondly, this application provides a terminal, including a housing and a distributed antenna provided in the first aspect of this application, wherein the antenna stubs of the distributed antenna are located on the housing, and the signal source, the first feed branch and the second feed branch of the distributed antenna are housed inside the housing.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the terminal includes a metal frame and a middle frame, with the frame and middle frame positioned relatively fixed. An antenna stub is located at the frame, and the first ground point of the antenna stub is connected to the middle frame. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a plan view of a terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 4aThis is a schematic diagram of a distributed antenna in which a capacitor and an inductor form a parallel circuit, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Figure 4b This is a schematic diagram of a distributed antenna in which a capacitor and an inductor form a series circuit, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a feed network for a distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a matching combination of the feed network for a distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 7a This is a schematic diagram of a first current radiation mode of a distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 7b This is a schematic diagram of a second current radiation mode of a distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 7c This is a schematic diagram of a third current radiation mode of a distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 7d This is a schematic diagram of a fourth current radiation mode of a distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 7e This is a schematic diagram of the fifth current radiation mode of a distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of a distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of another distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a side-frame antenna provided by existing technology;

[0055] Figure 11a This is a schematic diagram of the first current radiation mode of a side-frame antenna provided by existing technology;

[0056] Figure 11b This is a schematic diagram of a second current radiation mode of a side-frame antenna provided by existing technology;

[0057] Figure 11c This is a schematic diagram of a third current radiation mode of a side-frame antenna provided by existing technology;

[0058] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of a side-frame antenna provided by existing technology;

[0059] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of another side-frame antenna provided by existing technology;

[0060] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of another distributed antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 15a This is a schematic diagram of another distributed antenna first current radiation mode provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0062] Figure 15b This is a schematic diagram of another distributed antenna second current radiation mode provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0063] Figure 15c This is a schematic diagram of another third current radiation mode of a distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 15d This is a schematic diagram of another fourth current radiation mode of a distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 15e This is a schematic diagram of another fifth current radiation mode of a distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 15f This is a schematic diagram of another sixth current radiation mode of a distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of another distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of another distributed antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0069] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of another distribution antenna feed network matching combination provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0070] Figure 19a This is a schematic diagram of a first current radiation mode of a distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figure 19b This is a schematic diagram of a second current radiation mode of a distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 19cThis is a schematic diagram of a third current radiation mode of a distributed antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0073] Figure 19d This is a schematic diagram of a fourth current radiation mode of a distributed antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0074] Figure 19e This is a schematic diagram of another fifth current radiation mode of a distributed antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0075] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency of another distributed antenna provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0076] The following embodiments of this application will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0077] Figure 1 This illustration shows the external structure of a terminal 200 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the planar structure of the terminal 200 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0078] The terminal 200 provided in this application embodiment includes a housing 210, which has a frame 211 surrounding its outer edge and serving to form a sidewall. The frame 211 has a plurality of gaps dividing it into multiple mutually insulated segments, wherein at least one frame segment 211a is conductive (e.g., made of metal) and serves to form the radiator of the distributed antenna 100 provided in this application. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the illustration, the housing 210 is generally rectangular, and the frame segment 211a, which serves as the radiator, is located on the long side of the frame 211. In other embodiments, the frame segment 211a, which serves as the radiator, may also be located on the short side of the frame 211.

[0079] The terminal 200 provided in this application embodiment may include, but is not limited to, mobile or fixed terminals with communication functions such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, Ultra-Mobile Personal Computers (UMPCs), handheld computers, walkie-talkies, netbooks, POS machines, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), dashcams, and security equipment. The distributed antenna 100 is used to realize its wireless signal transmission and reception functions. The frequency band of the distributed antenna 100 may cover the Middle High Band (MHB), Low Band (LB), Wi-Fi 6E band, 5G band, Ultra Wide Band (UWB), or millimeter wave band, etc., to realize the wireless communication function of the terminal 200 on the corresponding frequency band. In addition to the radiator mentioned above, the distributed antenna 100 also includes a feeding network. The feeding network is used to feed signals to the radiator for outward transmission, or to receive wireless signals received by the radiator.

[0080] For ease of description, this embodiment uses a mobile phone as an example to illustrate the terminal 200.

[0081] Please continue reading Figure 2 The terminal 200 provided in this embodiment further includes a mid-frame 220 and a circuit board 230 within its housing 210. The mid-frame 220 is fixedly connected to the frame 211 and supports the internal components of the terminal 200. In some embodiments, the mid-frame 220 and the frame 211 can be integrated into a single structure. The circuit board 230 is fixed to the mid-frame 220 and carries the internal devices of the terminal 200 to realize its various functions. In this embodiment, the feed network of the distributed antenna 100 is disposed on the circuit board 230.

[0082] Please refer to the above. Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural diagram of one embodiment of the distributed antenna 100 of this application.

[0083] The distributed antenna 100 of this application includes a signal source 30, a first feed branch 10, a second feed branch 20, and an antenna stub 40. The signal source 30, the first feed branch 10, and the second feed branch 20 together constitute the feed network of the distributed antenna 100, and all three are mounted on a circuit board 230. The circuit board 230 can be a printed circuit board (PCB), a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), or a liquid crystal polymer (LCP).

[0084] Antenna stub 40 serves as the radiator of the distributed antenna 100 and is implemented using a conductive (metallic) frame segment 211a. In other embodiments, the antenna stub 40 of the distributed antenna 100 may also be implemented as a surface antenna, a volume antenna, a two-dimensional antenna, or a three-dimensional antenna.

[0085] In the distributed antenna 100 provided in this embodiment, the antenna stub 40 includes a first feed point 11 and a second feed point 21 spaced apart. A first feed branch 10 connects the first feed point 11 to the signal source 30, and a second feed branch 20 connects the second feed point 21 to the signal source 30. That is, the first feed branch 10 connects the signal source 30 to the antenna stub 40, and the connection point between the first feed branch 10 and the antenna stub 40 forms the first feed point 11; the second feed branch 20 also connects the signal source 30 to the antenna stub 40, and the connection point between the second feed branch 20 and the antenna stub 40 forms the second feed point 21. The first feed point 11 and the second feed point 21 are spaced apart along the length direction of the antenna stub 40 (in this embodiment, the length direction of the antenna stub 40 is defined as the first direction 001).

[0086] The antenna stub 40 includes a first end 41 and a second end 42 along its length direction (first direction 001), and includes a first grounding point 43. The first end 41 is located on the side of the first feed point 11 away from the second feed point 21, and the second end 42 is located on the side of the second feed point 21 away from the first feed point 11. The first grounding point 43 is located between the first end 41 and the second end 42 in the first direction 001, and further between the first feed point 11 and the second feed point 21. The first end 41 and the second end 42 of the antenna stub 40 are open ends, and the first grounding point 43 is used to implement the grounding function of the antenna stub 40.

[0087] In one embodiment, the first grounding point 43 is connected to the middle frame 220, in which case the middle frame 220 is conductive and can be used as the main ground wire of the terminal 200. In other embodiments, the first grounding point 43 may also be electrically connected to other devices or structural components inside the terminal 200 to achieve the grounding function of the antenna stub 40.

[0088] The signal source 30 is electrically connected to the first feed branch 10 and the second feed branch 20, respectively. The signal input from the signal source 30 can be fed into the antenna stub 40 through the first feed point 11 of the first feed branch 10 and the second feed point 21 of the second feed branch 20, respectively. Then, in conjunction with the grounding loop formed by the first grounding point 43, a composite distributed feed antenna structure is formed. Using this antenna structure, multiple radiation modes can be formed, thereby enabling the distributed antenna 100 of this application to cover multiple different frequency bands. Various radiation modes reuse the antenna stub 40, thus effectively utilizing the antenna aperture and reducing the antenna size.

[0089] Furthermore, a first tuning unit 12 is also provided on the first feed branch 10. The first tuning unit 12 is connected in series on the first feed branch 10 and is located between the first feed point 11 and the signal source 30. The first tuning unit 12 can be used to achieve frequency matching of the distributed antenna 100. The first tuning unit 12 can be in the form of a capacitor. Optionally, the first tuning unit 12 can also be a first parallel circuit formed by a capacitor and an inductor (e.g., Figure 4a (as shown), or a first series circuit formed by a capacitor and an inductor (such as...) Figure 4b (as shown in the figure). Therefore, the first tuning unit 12 can possess frequency selection and matching characteristics, and in the various radiation modes formed by the distributed antenna 100, it adjusts the resonant point of the distributed antenna 100 in each mode through different characteristics, so that the resonant point of the distributed antenna 100 is within the desired preset frequency band, thus creating the effect that different resonant points of the distributed antenna 100 are located in different preset frequency bands. It should be noted that in... Figure 4a and Figure 4b In the illustration, C represents a capacitor and L represents an inductor. The number of capacitors and inductors in a series or parallel branch is shown as one. In some embodiments, multiple capacitors and / or inductors may be connected in series or parallel to form the parallel or series circuit described above. This note also applies to the subsequent definitions of parallel and series circuits in this specification.

[0090] Based on the above structural configuration, the distributed antenna 100 of this application can form multiple different current radiation modes during operation. Each current radiation mode forms a different resonant point, allowing the distributed antenna 100 to cover multiple different radiation frequency bands. Furthermore, the frequency matching characteristics achieved using the first tuning unit 12 differ among the different current radiation modes of the distributed antenna 100. For example, in one current radiation mode of the distributed antenna 100, the signal input from the signal source 30 to the first feed point 11 via the first feed branch 10, when passing through the first tuning unit 12, will form a frequency selection phenomenon where some signals (such as low-frequency signals) are blocked and other signals (such as high-frequency signals) can pass through due to the frequency selection characteristics of the first tuning unit 12. This results in the signal fed into the antenna stub 40 from the first feed point 11 only including the signal (high-frequency signal) that has passed through the first tuning unit 12. That is, the first tuning unit 12 plays a filtering role in the current radiation mode of the distributed antenna 100, thereby adjusting the radiation frequency of the distributed antenna 100 in the current radiation mode, that is, adjusting the resonance point of the distributed antenna 100 corresponding to the current radiation mode.

[0091] In another current radiation mode of the distributed antenna 100, the signal input from the signal source 30 via the first feed branch 10 towards the first feed point 11, when passing through the first tuning unit 12, will have its electrical length changed by the matching characteristics of the first tuning unit 12, thereby adjusting the radiation frequency of the distributed antenna 100 in this current radiation mode. This makes the radiation frequency of the distributed antenna 100 match the preset frequency band, that is, adjust the distributed antenna 100 to the resonant point in the current radiation mode. Typically, when utilizing the matching characteristics of the first tuning unit 12, the first tuning unit 12 is used to increase the electrical length of the first feed branch 10, thereby reducing the total length of the antenna stub 40 and reducing the antenna aperture.

[0092] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the distributed antenna 100 of this application, the first feed branch 10 and the second feed branch 20 are only relative concepts, that is, the distributed antenna 100 provided in the embodiments of this application does not strictly limit the position of the first feed branch 10 or the second feed branch 20. Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the first feed branch 10 is a relatively lower feed branch, and the corresponding first tuning unit 12 is also connected in series within the first feed branch 10. In other embodiments, the first tuning unit 12 may also be connected in series on a relatively upper feed branch, in which case the relatively upper feed branch forms the first feed branch 10, and the relatively lower feed branch forms the second feed branch 20.

[0093] Please see Figure 5A schematic diagram of a power supply network in one embodiment is shown.

[0094] exist Figure 5 In the schematic diagram, a second tuning unit 22 can be installed on the second feed branch 20. The second tuning unit 22 is also connected in series on the second feed branch 20 and is located between the second feed point 21 and the signal source 30. The second tuning unit 22 can be in the form of a capacitor or an inductor. Optionally, the second tuning unit 22 can also be in the form of a second parallel circuit or a second series circuit formed by a capacitor and an inductor, so that the second tuning unit 22 also has frequency selection and matching characteristics. The second tuning unit 22 can cooperate with the first tuning unit 12 to achieve frequency matching of the distributed antenna 100.

[0095] In this embodiment, the cooperation between the second tuning unit 22 and the first tuning unit 12 can utilize the frequency selection characteristics of the second tuning unit 22 and the first tuning unit 12, or the matching characteristics of the second tuning unit 22 and the first tuning unit 12. For example, in one current radiation mode of the distributed antenna 100, by utilizing the frequency selection characteristics of the first tuning unit 12, the signal fed into the antenna stub 40 at the first feed point 11 can be controlled to be a low-frequency signal, and by utilizing the frequency selection characteristics of the second tuning unit 22, the signal fed into the antenna stub 40 at the second feed point 21 can be controlled to be a high-frequency signal. The two signals are fed into the antenna stub 40 from different positions, thereby forming a resonant point within a preset frequency band, thus meeting the operating requirements of the distributed antenna 100.

[0096] In another current radiation mode of the distributed antenna 100, by utilizing the matching characteristics of the first tuning unit 12 and the second tuning unit 22, the electrical length of the first feed branch 10 or the second feed branch 20 can be adjusted respectively, thereby enabling the antenna stub 40 to form a resonant point within a preset frequency band range, thus meeting the working requirements of the distributed antenna 100.

[0097] Please continue reading Figure 5 In one embodiment, a first matching unit may also be provided on the first power supply branch 10 (in Figure 5 (As shown in 13a and 13b). The first matching unit can be a capacitor or an inductor. Optionally, the first matching unit can also be a first parallel circuit formed by a capacitor and an inductor, or a first series circuit formed by a capacitor and an inductor. The first matching unit is connected in parallel to the first feed branch 10 and is used to achieve electrical length matching of the first feed branch 10.

[0098] The number of first matching units can be one, two, or more. Figure 5In the illustration, there are two first matching units. One first matching unit 13a is connected in parallel between the signal source 30 and the first tuning unit 12, and the other first matching unit 13b is connected in parallel between the first tuning unit 12 and the first feed point 11. In other embodiments, the first matching unit may also include a single unit. Figure 5 Any one of the ones shown. Optionally, in some embodiments, the number of first matching units can also be multiple, that is, the first matching unit 13a between the signal source 30 and the first tuning unit 12 can be two or more, and the first matching unit 13b between the first tuning unit 12 and the first feed point 11 can also be two or more.

[0099] In one embodiment, a second matching unit may also be provided on the second feed branch 20 (in Figure 5 (As shown in 23a and 23b). The second matching unit can be a capacitor or an inductor. Optionally, the second matching unit can also be a second parallel circuit formed by a capacitor and an inductor, or a second series circuit formed by a capacitor and an inductor. The second matching unit is connected in parallel to the second feed branch 20 and is used to achieve electrical length matching of the second feed branch 20.

[0100] The number of second matching units can be one, two, or more. Figure 5 In the illustration, there are two second matching units. One second matching unit 23a is connected in parallel between the signal source 30 and the second tuning unit 22, and the other second matching unit 23b is connected in parallel between the second tuning unit 22 and the second feed point 21. In other embodiments, the second matching unit may also include a single unit. Figure 5 Any one of the shown. Optionally, in some embodiments, the number of second matching units may also be multiple, that is, there may be two or more second matching units 23a between the signal source 30 and the second tuning unit 22, and there may also be two or more second matching units 23b between the second tuning unit 22 and the second feed point 21.

[0101] The embodiments of the second tuning unit 22, the first matching unit, and the second matching unit described above can all cooperate with the first tuning unit 12 on the first feed branch 10 to tune the feed network of the distributed antenna 100 and cooperate with the antenna stub 40 to form a preset frequency match.

[0102] Please refer to one embodiment. Figure 6 , Figure 6 A matching combination form for the feed network of a distributed antenna 100 is provided. Figure 6In this embodiment, the first tuning unit 12 is configured as a capacitor with a capacitance value of 1pF. There are two first matching units, positioned on either side of the first tuning unit 12. The first matching unit 13a, located between the first tuning unit 12 and the signal source 30, is configured as an inductor with a capacitance value of 5.6nH; the other first matching unit 13b is configured as a capacitor with a capacitance value of 0.7pF. In this embodiment, the second tuning unit 22 may be omitted, and a path is formed between the signal source 30 and the second feed point 21. That is, the second tuning unit 22 is configured as a 0Ω resistor; there is only one second matching unit, which is configured as a capacitor with a capacitance value of 0.75pF.

[0103] Since no second tuning unit 22 is provided, the position of this second matching unit can be considered as... Figure 5 The location of the second matching unit 23a can also be regarded as the location of the second matching unit 23b. For ease of description, it is defined as the second matching unit 23b. The location of the second matching unit 23a can be equivalently regarded as an open circuit, that is, an infinitely large inductor or an infinitely small capacitor is connected in parallel at this location.

[0104] In this matching combination configuration, the distributed antenna 100 of this application forms five current radiation modes, corresponding to five different resonant points, used to cover five different frequency bands respectively. Please refer to... Figure 7a The first current radiation mode shown operates the distributed antenna 100 as a quarter-wavelength antenna, wherein the signal input from the signal source 30 is fed into the antenna stub 40 via the second feed point 21 and flows from the second feed point 21 toward the first end 41 of the antenna stub 40 (e.g., Figure 7a (Indicated by the dashed arrow, the same below). At this time, the current path length from the second feed point 21 to the first end 41 forms 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the frequency band corresponding to this current radiation mode; Figure 7b In the second current radiation mode shown, the distributed antenna 100 also operates as a quarter-wavelength antenna. The signal input from the signal source 30 is fed into the antenna stub 40 via the first feed point 11 and flows from the first feed point 11 toward the first end 41 of the antenna stub 40. At this time, the current path length from the first feed point 11 to the first end 41 forms 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the frequency band corresponding to this current radiation mode; Figure 7c In the third antenna radiation mode shown, the distributed antenna 100 operates as a half-wavelength antenna. Current flows from the second end 42 to the first end 41 of the antenna stub 40, i.e., the current path is the entire arm path of the antenna stub 40. At this time, the total length of the antenna stub 40 is half the wavelength of the frequency band corresponding to this current radiation mode; Figure 7dIn the fourth antenna radiation mode shown, the distributed antenna 100 operates as a 1 / 4 wavelength antenna. The signal input from the signal source 30 is fed into the antenna stub 40 via the second feed point 21 and flows from the second feed point 21 toward the second end 42 of the antenna stub 40. At this time, the current path length (i.e., the short arm path) from the second feed point 21 to the second end 42 forms 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the frequency band corresponding to this current radiation mode; Figure 7e In the fifth antenna radiation mode shown, the distributed antenna 100 operates as a 3 / 4 wavelength antenna. The signal input from the signal source 30 is fed into the antenna stub 40 through the first feed point 11, and flows from the first feed point 11 toward the first end 41 and the first ground point 43 of the antenna stub 40. At this time, the current path length from the first ground point 43 to the first end 41 forms 3 / 4 of the wavelength of the frequency band corresponding to this current radiation mode.

[0105] Based on the five current radiation modes of the distributed antenna 100 described above, after adjusting the total length of the antenna stub 40 and correspondingly adjusting the positions of the first feed point 11 and the second feed point 21 on the antenna stub 40, and in conjunction with the frequency matching of the feed network described above, the five different resonant point positions of the distributed antenna 100 in this embodiment of the application can be controlled. Figure 8 The diagram illustrates the S11 (return loss characteristic) efficiency of the distributed antenna 100 in this embodiment. Through the above matching adjustments, the frequency points of the first to fifth antenna radiation modes are 1.787 GHz, 2.2 GHz, 3.36 GHz, 4.0 GHz, and 4.97 GHz, respectively. The distributed antenna 100 can cover 1.7 GHz-2.2 GHz and 3.3 GHz-5.1 GHz, with the five different resonant points covering the five frequency bands N3, N1, N77, N78, and N79, respectively.

[0106] By adjusting the length of antenna stub 40, the frequency band range of the distributed antenna 100 can also be adjusted. For example... Figure 9 As shown in one embodiment, after adjusting the length of the antenna stub 40, the distributed antenna 100 can cover 1.9GHz-2.7GHz, 3.3GHz-5.1GHz, and five different resonant points covering five frequency bands: N1, N41, N77, N78, and N79.

[0107] Figure 10 This illustrates the structure of a side-frame antenna in the prior art. Figure 10In the provided embodiment, the side-frame antenna includes a radiating segment 1, a feed point 2, a ground point 3, and a parasitic segment 4. The radiating segment 1 and the parasitic segment 4 are also formed by the frame structure of the terminal device. The feed point 2 is located at the end of the radiating segment 1 near the parasitic segment 4, and the ground point 3 is located at the end of the radiating segment 1 away from the parasitic segment 4. In the operation of the prior art side-frame antenna, a total of three resonant points can be formed, each corresponding to the left-handed mode of the radiating segment 1. Figure 11a Parasitic mode of parasitic segment 4 () Figure 11b ), and the loop mode of radiation segment 1 ( Figure 11c ). Figure 12 The diagram illustrates the S11 efficiency of a conventional side-frame antenna, with three modes used to cover the N41, N78, and N79 frequency bands, respectively. By adjusting the lengths of radiating segment 1 and parasitic segment 4, [efficiency can be achieved]. Figure 13 The efficiency diagram shows that the three modes are used to cover the N3, N41, and N78 frequency bands, respectively.

[0108] pass Figure 12 and Figure 13 As can be seen from the illustration, in the existing side-frame antenna design, the overall bandwidth formed by the various current radiation methods corresponding to the antenna is relatively narrow, and the antenna efficiency curve has a dip. Figure 13 Point "4" in the text indicates that the antenna efficiency at this location has dropped to -12dB, meaning that the efficiency of existing side-frame antennas is relatively low. Specifically, in... Figure 13 In the illustration, the antenna efficiency of the third current radiation method is lower than that of the first two current radiation methods, significantly lower than 3GHz, which cannot meet the normal operation requirements of existing side-frame antennas in this frequency band. Furthermore, in existing side-frame antennas, the feed point 2 is typically fixed with screws, forming a coupled feed configuration. In this scenario, the tightness of the screws significantly affects the coupling capacitance, resulting in poor consistency in existing side-frame antennas.

[0109] The distributed antenna 100 of this application has five frequency bands, which is more than the number of frequency bands of existing side-frame antennas. Figure 8 and Figure 9 In the antenna efficiency graph shown, the overall bandwidth covered by the antenna is relatively wide (from N3 to N79, or from N1 to N79), and the antenna efficiency curve has no dips, with a peak efficiency of -1.7dB, ensuring antenna efficiency across all frequency bands. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the feed network is also mounted on the circuit board 230. Utilizing the relatively fixed positional relationship between the circuit board 230 and the frame 211, the positional accuracy and connection reliability between the feed network and the frame 211 are ensured, thereby improving the consistency of the distributed antenna 100.

[0110] on the other hand, Figure 10 The side frame antenna structure shown has a total length of 36.5 mm for its radiating section 1 and parasitic section 4, while the length of the distributed antenna 100 provided in this embodiment can be controlled to within 26 mm. By reusing the antenna stub 40, the utilization rate of the antenna aperture is improved, and the volume of the distributed antenna 100 is reduced at the same time.

[0111] Please refer to one embodiment. Figure 14 The distributed antenna 100 may further include a parasitic stub 50. The parasitic stub 50 is located along the extension direction from the second feed point 21 to the first feed point 11, that is, the parasitic stub 50 is disposed along the first direction 001 on one side of the first end 41 of the antenna stub 40. The parasitic stub 50 is spaced apart from the first end 41, and the antenna stub 40 is fed towards the parasitic stub 50 through coupling, forming a parasitic mode resonant point through the parasitic stub 50, compared to... Figure 9 The efficiency diagram of the embodiment shown shows that the distributed antenna 100 provided in this application embodiment can increase the frequency band coverage.

[0112] The parasitic branch 50 also includes a parasitic grounding point 51, which is located on the side of the parasitic branch 50 away from the antenna branch 40. The length of the parasitic branch 50 can be set to 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the preset frequency band to be covered, so that the distributed antenna 100 provided in this embodiment can work as a 1 / 4 wavelength antenna in parasitic mode and cover the preset frequency band.

[0113] Please refer to the following in order: Figures 15a to 15f The diagram shows a schematic of the current radiation pattern. The distributed antenna 100 provided in this embodiment of the application... Figure 14 The structure shown creates six current radiation modes, corresponding to six different resonant points, each covering a different frequency band. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 15a The first current radiation mode shown operates the distributed antenna 100 as a quarter-wavelength antenna. In this mode, the signal input from the signal source 30 is fed into the antenna stub 40 via the second feed point 21 and flows from the second feed point 21 towards the first end 41 of the antenna stub 40. The current path length from the second feed point 21 to the first end 41 is then one-quarter of the wavelength of the frequency band corresponding to this current radiation mode. Figure 15b In the second current radiation mode shown, the distributed antenna 100 also operates as a quarter-wavelength antenna. The signal input from the signal source 30 is fed into the antenna stub 40 via the first feed point 11 and flows from the first feed point 11 toward the first end 41 of the antenna stub 40. At this time, the current path length from the first feed point 11 to the first end 41 forms 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the frequency band corresponding to this current radiation mode; Figure 15cIn the third antenna radiation mode shown, the distributed antenna 100 operates as a 1 / 4 wavelength antenna in parasitic mode. Current is coupled from antenna stub 40 to parasitic stub 50. The total length of parasitic stub 50 is then 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the frequency band corresponding to this current radiation mode. Figure 15d In the fourth antenna radiation mode shown, the distributed antenna 100 operates as a 1 / 2 wavelength antenna. Current flows from the second end 42 to the first end 41 of the antenna stub 40, i.e., the current path is the entire arm path of the antenna stub 40. At this time, the total length of the antenna stub 40 is half the wavelength of the frequency band corresponding to this current radiation mode; Figure 15e In the fifth antenna radiation mode shown, the distributed antenna 100 operates as a 1 / 4 wavelength antenna. The signal input from the signal source 30 is fed into the antenna stub 40 via the second feed point 21 and flows from the second feed point 21 toward the second end 42 of the antenna stub 40. At this time, the current path length (i.e., the short arm path) from the second feed point 21 to the second end 42 forms 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the frequency band corresponding to this current radiation mode; Figure 15f In the sixth antenna radiation mode shown, the distributed antenna 100 operates as a 3 / 4 wavelength antenna. The signal input from the signal source 30 is fed into the antenna stub 40 through the first feed point 11, and flows from the first feed point 11 toward the first end 41 and the first ground point 43 of the antenna stub 40, respectively. At this time, the current path length from the first ground point 43 to the first end 41 forms 3 / 4 of the wavelength of the frequency band corresponding to this current radiation mode.

[0114] It can be seen that, among the six antenna radiation modes mentioned above, the first, second, fourth, fifth, and sixth antenna radiation modes are respectively related to the above... Figure 9 The five antenna radiation modes are identical. The difference lies in the third antenna radiation mode, which is the parasitic mode formed by the introduced parasitic stub 50. Based on the six current radiation modes of the distributed antenna 100, after adjusting the total length of the antenna stub 40 and correspondingly adjusting the positions of the first feed point 11 and the second feed point 21 on the antenna stub 40, and in conjunction with the frequency matching of the aforementioned feed network, the six different resonant point positions of the distributed antenna 100 in this embodiment can be controlled. Figure 16 The diagram illustrates the antenna efficiency of the distributed antenna 100 in this embodiment. Through the aforementioned matching adjustments, the frequency points of the first to sixth antenna radiation modes are 1.62 GHz, 1.92 GHz, 2.47 GHz, 3.49 GHz, 4.2 GHz, and 4.95 GHz, respectively. The six different resonant points formed by the distributed antenna 100 cover six frequency bands: N3, N1, N41, N77, N78, and N79. The length of the parasitic stub 50 is 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the N41 frequency band, used to achieve signal coverage of the N41 frequency band.

[0115] This application also provides an embodiment of the distributed antenna 100, for example. Figure 17 As shown. In this embodiment, the antenna stub 40 includes a first slot 44 and a second grounding point 45. The first slot 44 is located on the side of the first feed point 11 away from the second feed point 21, and the second grounding point 45 is located at the first end 41. That is, the first slot 44 divides the antenna stub 40 into two mutually insulated segments along the first direction 001, with the second end 42, the second feed point 21, the first grounding point 43, and the first feed point 11 located in one of these segments. Figure 17 The diagram shows the first segment 40a), while the first end 41 and the second grounding point 45 are located on another segment ( Figure 17 The diagram shows the second segment 40b). Because the signals from the first feed point 11 and the second feed point 21 can only be fed into the first segment 40a, the second segment 40b needs to be coupled through the first segment 40a to achieve the radiation effect.

[0116] Please refer to the above. Figure 18 The embodiment shown corresponds to the power network matching combination form. Figure 18 In this embodiment, the first tuning unit 12 is configured as a capacitor with a capacitance value of 0.75pF; the second feed branch 20 is formed as a closed circuit, meaning the second tuning unit 22 can be understood as a 0Ω resistor, or configured as a large capacitor with a capacitance value greater than or equal to 3.3pF, or as a small inductor with an inductance value less than or equal to 33nH. Furthermore, in this embodiment, both the first matching unit and the second matching unit are configured as open circuits.

[0117] In this matching combination configuration, the distributed antenna 100 of this application forms five current radiation modes, corresponding to five different resonant points, used to cover five different frequency bands respectively. Please refer to... Figure 19a The first current radiation mode shown operates the distributed antenna 100 as a capacitor loop mode antenna. In this mode, the signal input from the signal source 30 is fed into the antenna stub 40 via the first tuning unit 12 and the first feed point 11, and flows towards the first ground point 43 of the antenna stub 40. The current path length from the signal source 30 to the first ground point 43 is between 1 / 8 and 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the frequency band corresponding to this current radiation mode, and is adjusted based on the capacitance value of the first feed point 11. Figure 19b In the second current radiation mode shown, the distributed antenna 100 operates as a quarter-wavelength antenna in parasitic mode. The signal input from the signal source 30 is coupled from the first segment 40a to the second segment 40b. At this time, the current path length of the second segment 40b forms 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the frequency band corresponding to this current radiation mode. Figure 19cIn the third antenna radiation mode shown, the distributed antenna 100 operates as a half-wavelength antenna. Current flows from the second end 42 to the first end 41 of the antenna stub 40, i.e., the current path is the entire arm path of the antenna stub 40. At this time, the total length of the antenna stub 40 is half the wavelength of the frequency band corresponding to this current radiation mode; Figure 19d In the fourth antenna radiation mode shown, the distributed antenna 100 operates as a 1 / 4 wavelength antenna. The signal input from the signal source 30 is fed into the antenna stub 40 via the second feed point 21 and flows from the second feed point 21 toward the second end 42 of the antenna stub 40. At this time, the current path length (i.e., the short arm path) from the second feed point 21 to the second end 42 forms 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the frequency band corresponding to this current radiation mode; Figure 19e In the fifth antenna radiation mode shown, the distributed antenna 100 operates as a 1 / 2 wavelength antenna. (And...) Figure 19a The first antenna radiation mode shown is the same; the signal input from signal source 30 is also fed into antenna stub 40 via first tuning unit 12 and first feed point 11, and flows towards the first ground point 43 of antenna stub 40. The difference lies in that, compared to the first capacitor loop mode antenna, Figure 19e The fifth antenna radiation mode provided is also a capacitor loop mode, and its characteristics are the opposite of the first capacitor loop mode. Therefore, the current path length from the signal source 30 to the first ground point 43 is between 1 / 8 and 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the corresponding frequency band for this current radiation mode, and is also adjusted based on the capacitance value of the first feed point 11.

[0118] It should be noted that, in Figure 19a In the capacitor loop mode antenna shown, because its frequency is relatively close to the frequency of the second current radiation mode, therefore... Figure 19a There is also a portion of parasitic current distribution. That is, the distributed antenna 100 provided in this embodiment, in... Figure 19a The current radiation mode shown combines the characteristics of both capacitor loop mode antenna and parasitic mode antenna.

[0119] Based on the five current radiation modes of the distributed antenna 100 described above, after adjusting the total length of the antenna stub 40 and correspondingly adjusting the positions of the first feed point 11 and the second feed point 21 on the antenna stub 40, and in conjunction with the frequency matching of the feed network described above, the five different resonant point positions of the distributed antenna 100 in this embodiment of the application can be controlled. Figure 20The diagram illustrates the antenna efficiency of the distributed antenna 100 in this embodiment. Through the aforementioned matching adjustments, the frequency points of the first to fifth antenna radiation modes are at 2GHz, 2.46GHz, 3GHz, 4.28GHz, and 4.99GHz, respectively. The distributed antenna 100 can cover the frequency ranges of 1.7GHz-2.2GHz and 3.3GHz-5.1GHz, with the five different resonant points covering the five frequency bands N3, N1, N77, N78, and N79, respectively.

[0120] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application, such as reducing or adding structural components, changing the shape of structural components, etc., should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A distributed antenna, characterized in that, It includes a signal source, a first feed branch, a second feed branch, and an antenna stub; The antenna stub is continuous, and the antenna stub includes a first feed point and a second feed point arranged at intervals. The first feed branch connects the signal source to the first feed point, and the second feed branch connects the signal source to the second feed point. The antenna stub includes a first grounding point, which is located between the first feed point and the second feed point; A first tuning unit is connected in series on the first feed branch, and the first tuning unit is used to achieve frequency matching of the distributed antenna.

2. The distributed antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first tuning unit is a capacitor, or the first tuning unit is a first series circuit formed by a capacitor and an inductor, or the first tuning unit is a first parallel circuit formed by a capacitor and an inductor.

3. The distributed antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, A second tuning unit is connected in series on the second feed branch. The second tuning unit is used to cooperate with the first tuning unit to achieve frequency matching of the distributed antenna.

4. The distributed antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second tuning unit is a capacitor, or the second tuning unit is a second series circuit formed by a capacitor and an inductor, or the second tuning unit is a second parallel circuit formed by a capacitor and an inductor.

5. The distributed antenna according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, A first matching unit is also connected in parallel on the first feed branch. The first matching unit is a capacitor and / or an inductor, used to achieve electrical length matching of the distributed antenna.

6. The distributed antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first matching unit is located between the signal source and the first tuning unit, or the first matching unit is located between the first feed point and the first tuning unit.

7. The distributed antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, There are two first matching units, one of which is located between the signal source and the first tuning unit, and the other is located between the first feed point and the first tuning unit.

8. The distributed antenna according to any one of claims 1-2 and 5-7, characterized in that, A second matching unit is also connected in parallel on the second feed branch. The second matching unit is a capacitor and / or an inductor, used to achieve electrical length matching of the distributed antenna.

9. The distributed antenna according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, A second matching unit is also connected in parallel on the second feed branch. The second matching unit is a capacitor and / or an inductor, used to achieve electrical length matching of the distributed antenna.

10. The distributed antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second matching unit is located between the signal source and the second tuning unit, or the second matching unit is located between the second feed point and the second tuning unit.

11. The distributed antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that, There are two second matching units, one of which is located between the signal source and the second tuning unit, and the other is located between the second feed point and the second tuning unit.

12. The distributed antenna according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, It also includes parasitic branches, which are located in the extension direction from the second feed point to the first feed point, and the parasitic branches also include parasitic grounding points.

13. The distributed antenna according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, It also includes a first gap and a second grounding point, wherein the first gap is located on the side of the first feed point away from the second feed point, and the second grounding point is located on the side of the first gap away from the second feed point.

14. The distributed antenna according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that, The signal source, the first power supply branch, and the second power supply branch are all mounted on a printed circuit board.

15. A terminal, characterized in that, The device includes a housing and a distributed antenna as described in any one of claims 1-14, wherein the antenna stubs of the distributed antenna are located on the housing, and the signal source, the first feed branch, and the second feed branch of the distributed antenna are housed inside the housing.

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