Organic light emitting diode and organic light emitting device having the same

Abstract

An organic light emitting diode (OLED) in which at least one light emitting material layer includes a dopant having a structure represented by Formula 1 and a (hetero)aryl-amine-based host and / or an azine-based host, and an organic light emitting device including the same. The OLED and the organic light emitting device including the host and the dopant can improve luminous efficiency and luminous lifetime thereof.[Formula 1] Ir(L A ) m (L B ) n .

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority and benefit to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2021-0165653, filed in Korea on November 26, 2021, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated herein. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to an organic light-emitting diode (OLED). For example, an OLED that may have improved luminous efficiency and luminous lifetime, and an organic light-emitting device including the OLED. Background Technology

[0004] Flat panel displays, including those using organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), have attracted attention as potential replacements for liquid crystal displays (LCDs). OLEDs can be formed into sizes smaller than... The organic thin film and electrode configuration can achieve unidirectional or bidirectional images. Furthermore, OLEDs can even be formed on flexible transparent substrates such as plastic substrates, thus enabling the easy realization of flexible or foldable display devices. In addition, OLEDs can be driven at lower voltages, and compared to LCDs, OLEDs have advantageous high color purity.

[0005] Because fluorescent materials utilize only singlet exciton energy during luminescence, existing fluorescent materials exhibit low luminescence efficiency. Conversely, phosphorescent materials, utilizing both triplet and singlet exciton energies, can exhibit higher luminescence efficiency. However, examples of phosphorescent materials include metal complexes, which have short luminescence lifetimes in commercial applications. Therefore, there is still a need to develop luminescent compounds or organic light-emitting diodes that can improve both luminescence efficiency and lifetime. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, embodiments of this disclosure relate to organic light-emitting diodes and organic light-emitting devices, which substantially eliminate one or more problems arising from the limitations and disadvantages of the prior art.

[0007] One aspect of this disclosure is to provide an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) that can have improved luminous efficiency and luminous lifetime. Another aspect of this disclosure is to provide an organic light-emitting device including the OLED.

[0008] Additional features and aspects will be set forth in the following description, some of which will become apparent from the specification or may be learned by practicing the disclosed concepts provided herein. Other features and aspects of the disclosed concepts may be realized and obtained by means of structures specifically pointed out in or derived therefrom, as well as by the claims and drawings thereof.

[0009] To achieve these and other aspects of the disclosed concept, as specifically and broadly described, in one aspect, this disclosure provides an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and a light-emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and comprising at least one light-emitting material layer, the light-emitting material layer comprising a host and a dopant, the host comprising: a first host having a structure represented by Formula 7 and a second host having a structure represented by Formula 9, the dopant comprising an organometallic compound having a structure represented by Formula 1.

[0010] in:

[0011] Equation 1 is:

[0012] [Formula 1]

[0013] Ir(L A ) m (L B ) n

[0014] In Equation 1,

[0015] L A It has a structure represented by Equation 2;

[0016] L B It is an auxiliary ligand with a structure represented by Equation 3;

[0017] m is 1, 2, or 3;

[0018] n is 0, 1, or 2; and

[0019] m+n is 3.

[0020] Equation 2 is:

[0021] [Equation 2]

[0022]

[0023] In Equation 2,

[0024] X1 and X2 are each independently CR7 or N;

[0025] X3 to X5 are each independently CR8 or N, and at least one of X3 to X5 is CR8;

[0026] X6 to X9 are each independently CR9 or N, and at least one of X6 to X9 is CR9;

[0027] R1 through R9 are each independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C. 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Heteroalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Heterene, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, carboxyl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfonamide, phosphine, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylamino, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylsilyl, unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 30 Alicyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaryl, wherein when b is 2, 3 or 4, each R6 is the same or different from each other;

[0028] Optionally,

[0029] Two adjacent groups from R1 to R5, and / or

[0030] When b is 2, 3, or 4, two adjacent R6, and / or

[0031] X3 and X4 or X4 and X5, and / or

[0032] X6 and X7, X7 and X8, or X8 and X9

[0033] They are further linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 20 Alicyclic, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 heterocyclic ring, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed fragrance ring;

[0034] a is 0, 1, or 2; and

[0035] b is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0036] Equation 3 is:

[0037] [Formula 3]

[0038]

[0039] Equation 7 is:

[0040] [Formula 7]

[0041]

[0042] In Equation 7,

[0043] R 41 and R 42 Each is independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and substituted C3-C 30 Each substituent on the heteroaryl group is independently unsubstituted or C6-C. 30 Aryl and C3-C 30 At least one of the heteroaryl groups is further substituted.

[0044] Optionally,

[0045] R 41 and R 42 They are further linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Spiroaryl ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Spiral aromatic rings;

[0046] R 43 To R 46 Each is independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 arylamino, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroarylamino,

[0047] Optionally,

[0048] Replacement C6-C 30 Aryl, substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, substituted C6-C 30 Arylamino and substituted C3-C 30 Each substituent on the heteroaryl amino group is independently unsubstituted or C6-C. 30 Aryl and C3-C 30 At least one of the heteroaryl groups is further substituted, wherein when p is 2, 3 or more, each R 43Whether they are the same or different, when q is 2 or 3, each R 44 They are the same or different from each other;

[0049] L1 represents a single bond, and is either unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 30 Aryl styrene, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Hybrid aromatic styrene, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl styrene and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroarylene independently reacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure;

[0050] Ar1 and Ar2 are each independently unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed fragrance ring;

[0051] p is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; and

[0052] q is 0, 1, 2, or 3.

[0053] Equation 9 is:

[0054] [Formula 9]

[0055]

[0056] In Equation 9,

[0057] R 51 To R 53 Each is independently unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, of which R 51 To R 53 At least one of them has a structure represented by formula 10A or formula 10B;

[0058] Y1, Y2, and Y3 are each independently CR 54 Or N, where at least one of Y1, Y2, and Y3 is N;

[0059] R 54 Independently constitutes protium, deuterium, tritium, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroaryl group independently reacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure; and

[0060] L is a single bond, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 30 Aryl styrene, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed aromatic styrene; optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl styrene and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroarylene independently reacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 The heterocyclic aromatic rings form a spiral structure.

[0061] Formula 10A is:

[0062] [Formula 10A]

[0063]

[0064] In Equation 10A,

[0065] An asterisk indicates a connection to L in Formula 9 or to the azazine portion including Y1 to Y3;

[0066] R 61 To R 68 Each is independently protium, deuterium, tritium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 10 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroaryl group independently reacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure; and

[0067] Optionally,

[0068] R 61 To R 68 At least two adjacent R groups are further linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heterocyclic aromatic rings, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic rings and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heterocyclic ring independently interacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 20Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 The heterocyclic aromatic rings form a spiral structure.

[0069] Equation 10B is:

[0070] [Formula 10B]

[0071]

[0072] In Equation 10B,

[0073] An asterisk indicates a connection to L in Formula 9 or to the azazine portion including Y1 to Y3;

[0074] R 71 For protium, deuterium, tritium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 10 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroaryl group and its unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure;

[0075] R 72 To R 78 Each is independently protium, deuterium, tritium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 10 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroaryl group and its unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure; and

[0076] Optionally,

[0077] R 72 To R 78 At least two adjacent R groups are further linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heterocyclic aromatic rings, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic rings and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heterocyclic ring independently interacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C.20 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 The heterocyclic aromatic rings form a spiral structure.

[0078] The light-emitting layer may include a single light-emitting part or multiple light-emitting parts to form a series structure.

[0079] In another aspect, this disclosure provides an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and a light-emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the light-emitting layer comprising a first light-emitting portion disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and including a blue light-emitting material layer; a second light-emitting portion disposed between the first light-emitting portion and the second electrode and including at least one light-emitting material layer; and a first charge-generating layer disposed between the first light-emitting portion and the second light-emitting portion, wherein the at least one light-emitting material layer comprises a host and a dopant, the host comprising a first host having a structure represented by Formula 7 and a second host having a structure represented by Formula 9, and the dopant comprising an organometallic compound having a structure represented by Formula 1.

[0080] In another aspect, this disclosure provides an organic light-emitting device. For example, an organic light-emitting display device or an organic light-emitting illumination device includes a substrate and the organic light-emitting diode located on the substrate.

[0081] Organometallic compounds used as dopants include metal atoms linked (bonded) to fused heteroaromatic ligands and pyridine ligands comprising at least five rings via covalent or coordinate bonds. The organometallic compound can be a heterometallic complex comprising two different bidentate ligands coordinated to the metal atom. By combining two different bidentate ligands, the photoluminescence purity and emission color of the metal compound can be readily controlled.

[0082] (Hetero)arylamine compounds with fluorene moieties and azazine-based materials with fused heteroaryl moieties can be used as the first and second hosts in an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), respectively. When (hetero)arylamine compounds with favorable hole transport properties and / or azazine-based materials with favorable electron transport properties are used with organometallic compounds, charge and exciton energy can be rapidly transferred from the (hetero)arylamine and azazine-based materials to the organometallic compounds. When the light-emitting layer comprises organometallic compounds as dopants and (hetero)arylamine and / or azazine-based materials as hosts, organic light-emitting diodes and organic light-emitting devices can reduce their driving voltage and improve their luminous efficiency and luminous lifetime.

[0083] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory, and are intended to provide further explanation of the disclosed conception claimed. Attached Figure Description

[0084] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0085] Figure 1 A schematic circuit diagram of an organic light-emitting display device according to the present disclosure is shown.

[0086] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting display device is shown as an example of an organic light-emitting device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0087] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting diode having a single light-emitting portion according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0088] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0089] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting diode having a double-stacked structure according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0090] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting diode having a triple-stacked structure according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0091] Reference will now be made in detail to various aspects of this disclosure, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. Where possible, the same reference numerals will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or similar parts.

[0092] The advantages and features of this disclosure, and its implementation methods, will be illustrated by the following exemplary embodiments described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these exemplary embodiments are provided to make this disclosure sufficiently thorough and complete to assist those skilled in the art in fully understanding its scope. Furthermore, the scope of protection of this disclosure is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0093] The shapes, dimensions, ratios, angles, quantities, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings to describe various exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are given by way of example only. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the description in the drawings. Unless otherwise stated, the same or similar elements are indicated by the same reference numerals throughout the specification.

[0094] In the following description, detailed descriptions of such known configurations may be omitted where such detailed descriptions might unnecessarily obscure the essential points of this disclosure.

[0095] In this specification, one or more additional elements may be added where terms such as “comprising,” “having,” “including”, etc., are used, unless a term such as “only” is used. Elements described in the singular are intended to include multiple elements, and vice versa, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0096] When interpreting an element, it will be interpreted as including a range of error or tolerance, even if no explicit description of such range of error or tolerance is provided.

[0097] In the description of various embodiments of this disclosure, when describing positional relationships, for example, when using terms such as "on," "above," "below," "above," "below," "near," or "adjacent" to describe the positional relationship between two parts, one or more other parts may be located between the two parts, unless more restrictive terms such as "immediately," "directly," or "immediately adjacent" are used. For example, when one element or layer is disposed "on" another element or layer, a third layer or element may be inserted between them.

[0098] When describing temporal relationships, discontinuous situations may be included when the temporal order is described as such as "after", "following", "next", or "before", unless more restrictive terms such as "exactly", "immediately", or "directly" are used.

[0099] Although the terms “first,” “second,” etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, a first element may be referred to as a second element, and similarly, a second element may be referred to as a first element.

[0100] Although the terms “first,” “second,” A, B, (a), (b), etc., may be used in this document to describe various elements, these elements should not be construed as being limited by these terms, as they are not used to define a particular order, priority, or number of the corresponding elements. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another.

[0101] Describing an element or layer as “connected” to another element or layer means that the element or layer can be directly connected to another element or layer, or indirectly connected to or adhered to another element or layer, wherein one or more intermediate elements or layers are “set” or “inserted” between the elements or layers, unless otherwise stated.

[0102] The term “at least one” should be understood to include any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items. For example, “at least one of the first element, the second element, and the third element” means a combination of all three listed elements, a combination of any two of the three elements, and each individual element, the first element, the second element, and the third element.

[0103] Features of the various embodiments of this disclosure may be coupled or combined with each other in part or in whole, and may interoperate with each other in various ways and be driven in a technical manner as can be fully understood by those skilled in the art. Embodiments of this disclosure may be implemented independently of each other or may be implemented together in an interdependent relationship.

[0104] In the following, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. When adding reference numerals to the elements in each drawing, similar reference numerals may refer to similar elements even if the same elements are shown in other drawings. Furthermore, for ease of description, the scale of each element illustrated in the drawings may differ from the actual scale. Therefore, the illustrated elements are not limited to the specific scale shown in the drawings.

[0105] This disclosure relates to an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), wherein at least one light-emitting material layer comprises an organometallic compound having advantageous optical properties and an organic compound having advantageous charge transport properties, and to an organic light-emitting device including the diode, such that the diode and the device can reduce their driving voltage and maximize their luminous efficiency and luminous lifetime. The diode can be used in organic light-emitting devices, such as organic light-emitting display devices or organic light-emitting lighting devices.

[0106] Figure 1 A schematic circuit diagram of an organic light-emitting display device according to this disclosure is shown. Figure 1 As shown, in the organic light-emitting display device 100, the gate line GL, data line DL, and power line PL each intersect each other to define a pixel region P. A switching thin-film transistor Ts, a driving thin-film transistor Td, a storage capacitor Cst, and an organic light-emitting diode D are disposed within the pixel region P. The pixel region P may include a red (R) pixel region, a green (G) pixel region, and a blue (B) pixel region. However, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to these examples.

[0107] A switching thin-film transistor (TFT) Ts is connected to the gate line GL and the data line DL. A driving thin-film transistor (TFT) Td and a storage capacitor Cst are connected between the switching TFT Ts and the power line PL. An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) D is connected to the driving TFT Td. When the switching TFT Ts is turned on by a gate signal applied to the gate line GL, the data signal applied to the data line DL is applied to the gate of the driving TFT Td and one electrode of the storage capacitor Cst through the switching TFT Ts.

[0108] The driving thin-film transistor Td is achieved by applying it to the gate 130 ( Figure 2 The OLED is turned on by a data signal, causing a current proportional to the data signal to be supplied from the power line PL through the driving thin-film transistor Td to the organic light-emitting diode D. The organic light-emitting diode D then emits light with a brightness proportional to the current flowing through the driving thin-film transistor Td. In this case, the storage capacitor Cst is charged with a voltage proportional to the data signal, so that the voltage at the gate of the driving thin-film transistor Td remains constant during one frame. Therefore, the organic light-emitting display device can display the desired image.

[0109] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2 As shown, the organic light-emitting display device 100 includes a substrate 102, a thin-film transistor Tr located on the substrate 102, and an organic light-emitting diode D connected to the thin-film transistor Tr. As an example, the substrate 102 may include a red pixel region, a green pixel region, and a blue pixel region, and an organic light-emitting diode D in each pixel region. Each organic light-emitting diode D emits red light, green light, or blue light, and is located in the red pixel region, green pixel region, and blue pixel region respectively.

[0110] The substrate 102 may include, but is not limited to, glass, thin flexible materials, and / or polymeric plastics. For example, the flexible material may be selected from, but is not limited to, the group consisting of, but not limited to, polyimide (PI), polyethersulfone (PES), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), and / or combinations thereof. The substrate 102 on which thin-film transistors Tr and organic light-emitting diodes D are disposed forms an array substrate.

[0111] The buffer layer 106 may be provided on the substrate 102. The thin film transistor Tr may be provided on the buffer layer 106. The buffer layer 106 may be omitted. The semiconductor layer 110 is provided on the buffer layer 106. In one exemplary embodiment, the semiconductor layer 110 may include, but is not limited to, an oxide semiconductor material. In this case, a light-shielding pattern may be provided below the semiconductor layer 110, and the light-shielding pattern may prevent or reduce light from incident on the semiconductor layer 110, and thereby prevent or reduce the semiconductor layer 110 from being deteriorated by light. Alternatively, the semiconductor layer 110 may include polysilicon. In this case, opposite edges of the semiconductor layer 110 may be doped with impurities.

[0112] The gate insulating layer 120 including an insulating material is provided on the semiconductor layer 110. The gate insulating layer 120 may include, but is not limited to, an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide (SiO x , where 0 < x ≤ 2) or silicon nitride (SiN x , where 0 < x ≤ 2).

[0113] The gate 130 made of a conductive material such as metal is provided on the gate insulating layer 120 so as to correspond to the center of the semiconductor layer 110. When the gate insulating layer 120 is provided over the entire region of the substrate 102 as shown in Figure 2 , the gate insulating layer 120 may be patterned in the same manner as the gate 130.

[0114] The interlayer insulating layer 140 including an insulating material is provided on the gate 130 and covers the entire surface of the substrate 102. The interlayer insulating layer 140 may include, but is not limited to, an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide (SiO x ) or silicon nitride (SiN x ), or an organic insulating material such as benzocyclobutene or photo-acryl.

[0115] The interlayer insulating layer 140 has a first semiconductor layer contact hole 142 and a second semiconductor layer contact hole 144 that expose or do not cover a part of the surface of the semiconductor layer 110 that is closer to the opposite ends than the center of the semiconductor layer 110. The first semiconductor layer contact hole 142 and the second semiconductor layer contact hole 144 are provided on opposite sides of the gate 130 and are spaced apart from the gate 130. The first semiconductor layer contact hole 142 and the second semiconductor layer contact hole 144 are formed in Figure 2 the gate insulating layer 120. Alternatively, when the gate insulating layer 120 is patterned in the same manner as the gate 130, the first semiconductor layer contact hole 142 and the second semiconductor layer contact hole 144 may be formed only in the interlayer insulating layer 140.

[0116] Source 152 and drain 154, made of a conductive material such as metal, are disposed on the interlayer insulating layer 140. Source 152 and drain 154 are spaced apart from each other on opposite sides of gate 130. Source 152 and drain 154 contact both sides of semiconductor layer 110 through first semiconductor layer contact hole 142 and second semiconductor layer contact hole 144, respectively.

[0117] Semiconductor layer 110, gate 130, source 152 and drain 154 constitute a thin-film transistor Tr that acts as a driving element. Figure 2 The thin-film transistor Tr has a coplanar structure in which the gate 130, source 152, and drain 154 are disposed on the semiconductor layer 110. Alternatively, the thin-film transistor Tr may have an inverted staggered structure in which the gate is disposed below the semiconductor layer and the source and drain are disposed on the semiconductor layer. In this case, the semiconductor layer may include amorphous silicon.

[0118] Gate lines GL and data lines DL, which intersect to define a pixel region P, and switching elements Ts connected to the gate lines GL and data lines DL, may be further formed in the pixel region P. The switching elements Ts are connected to a thin-film transistor Tr, which serves as a driving element. Furthermore, a power line PL is parallel and spaced apart from either the gate line GL or the data line DL. The thin-film transistor Tr may further include a storage capacitor Cst configured to maintain a constant voltage at the gate 130 within a frame.

[0119] A passivation layer 160 is disposed on the source 152 and the drain 154. The passivation layer 160 covers the entire thin-film transistor Tr on the substrate 102. The passivation layer 160 has a flat top surface and a drain contact hole 162 that may or may not cover the drain 154 of the thin-film transistor Tr. When the drain contact hole 162 is disposed on the second semiconductor layer contact hole 144, it may be spaced apart from the second semiconductor layer contact hole 144.

[0120] The organic light-emitting diode (OLED) D includes a first electrode 210 disposed on a passivation layer 160 and connected to a drain 154 of a thin-film transistor Tr. The OLED D further includes a light-emitting layer 230 and a second electrode 220 disposed sequentially on the first electrode 210.

[0121] A first electrode 210 is disposed in each pixel region. The first electrode 210 may be an anode and comprises a conductive material having a relatively high work function value. For example, the first electrode 210 may include, but is not limited to, transparent conductive oxide (TCO). More specifically, the first electrode 210 may comprise indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium tin zinc oxide (ITZO), tin oxide (SnO), zinc oxide (ZnO), indium cerium oxide (ICO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), and / or the like.

[0122] In one exemplary embodiment, when the organic light-emitting display device 100 is bottom-emitting, the first electrode 210 may have a single-layer structure of TCO. Alternatively, when the organic light-emitting display device 100 is top-emitting, a reflective electrode or reflective layer may be disposed below the first electrode 210. For example, the reflective electrode or reflective layer may include, but is not limited to, a silver (Ag) or aluminum-palladium-copper (APC) alloy. In a top-emitting OLED D, the first electrode 210 may have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO or ITO / APC / ITO.

[0123] In addition, a dam layer 164 is disposed on the passivation layer 160 to cover the edge of the first electrode 210. The dam layer 164 may or may not cover the center of the first electrode 210 corresponding to each pixel region. The dam layer 164 may be omitted.

[0124] A light-emitting layer 230 is disposed on the first electrode 210. In one exemplary embodiment, the light-emitting layer 230 may have a single-layer structure of a light-emitting material layer (EML). Alternatively, the light-emitting layer 230 may have a multilayer structure including a hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), an electron blocking layer (EBL), an EML, a hole blocking layer (HBL), an electron transport layer (ETL), and / or an electron injection layer (EIL) (see [link to documentation]). Figure 3 , Figure 5 ,and Figure 6 In one aspect, the light-emitting layer 230 may have a single light-emitting portion. Alternatively, the light-emitting layer 230 may have multiple light-emitting portions to form a series structure.

[0125] The light-emitting layer 230 may include at least one host and dopant, enabling OLEDs and organic light-emitting display devices to reduce their driving voltage and improve their luminous efficiency and luminous lifetime.

[0126] The second electrode 220 is disposed on the substrate 102 on which the light-emitting layer 230 is disposed. The second electrode 220 may be disposed over the entire display area. The second electrode 220 may comprise a conductive material having a relatively low work function value compared to the first electrode 210. The second electrode 220 may be a cathode. For example, the second electrode 220 may comprise at least one of, but not limited to, aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), silver (Ag), alloys thereof such as aluminum-magnesium alloys (Al-Mg), and combinations thereof. When the organic light-emitting display device 100 is a top-emitting type, the second electrode 220 is thinner to have light-transmitting (semi-transmitting) properties.

[0127] Furthermore, an encapsulation film 170 may be disposed on the second electrode 220 to prevent or reduce the penetration of external moisture into the organic light-emitting diode D. The encapsulation film 170 may have, but is not limited to, a laminated structure of a first inorganic insulating film 172, an organic insulating film 174, and a second inorganic insulating film 176. The encapsulation film 170 may be omitted.

[0128] A polarizing plate can be attached to the encapsulation film to reduce the reflection of external light. For example, the polarizing plate can be a circular polarizing plate. When the organic light-emitting display device 100 is a bottom-emitting type, the polarizer can be disposed below the substrate 102. Alternatively, when the organic light-emitting display device 100 is a top-emitting type, the polarizer can be disposed on the encapsulation film 170. In addition, a cover window can be attached to the encapsulation film 170 or the polarizer. In this case, the substrate 102 and the cover window can be flexible, so the organic light-emitting display device 100 can be a flexible display device.

[0129] Next, we will describe OLED D in more detail. Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting diode having a single light-emitting portion, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, is shown. Figure 3 As shown, the organic light-emitting diode (OLED) D1 according to this disclosure includes a first electrode 210 and a second electrode 220 facing each other, and a light-emitting layer 230 disposed between the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220. The organic light-emitting display device 100 includes a red pixel region, a green pixel region, and a blue pixel region, and the OLED D1 can be disposed in the green pixel region.

[0130] In one exemplary embodiment, the light-emitting layer 230 includes a light-emitting material layer (EML) 340 disposed between the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220. Furthermore, the light-emitting layer 230 may include at least one of an HTL 320 disposed between the first electrode 210 and the EML 340 and an ETL 360 disposed between the second electrode 220 and the EML 340. Additionally, the light-emitting layer 230 may further include at least one of a HIL 310 disposed between the first electrode 210 and the HTL 320 and an EIL 370 disposed between the second electrode 220 and the ETL 360. Alternatively, the light-emitting layer 230 may further include a first exciton blocking layer, i.e., an EBL 330 disposed between the HTL 320 and the EML 340, and / or a second exciton blocking layer, i.e., an HBL 350 disposed between the EML 340 and the ETL 360.

[0131] The first electrode 210 may be an anode that provides holes to the EML 340. The first electrode 210 may include a conductive material having a relatively high work function value, such as a transparent conductive oxide (TCO). In one exemplary embodiment, the first electrode 210 may include, but is not limited to, ITO, IZO, ITZO, SnO, ZnO, ICO, AZO, and / or the like.

[0132] The second electrode 220 may be a cathode that provides electrons to the EML 340. The second electrode 220 may include a conductive material with a relatively low work function value, i.e., a highly reflective material such as Al, Mg, Ca, Ag, and / or alloys thereof, and / or combinations thereof (such as Al-Mg).

[0133] EML 340 includes a dopant 342 and a first body 344, and an optional second body 346. A large amount of luminescence can be generated at the dopant 342. The dopant 342 can be an organometallic compound that emits green light and can have the following structure represented by Formula 1:

[0134] [Formula 1]

[0135] Ir(L A ) m (L B ) n

[0136] Where L A It has the following structure, represented by Equation 2; L B It is an auxiliary ligand having the following structure represented by Equation 3; m is 1, 2 or 3 and n is 0, 1 or 2, where m+n is 3;

[0137] [Equation 2]

[0138]

[0139] In Equation 2,

[0140] X1 and X2 are each independently CR7 or N;

[0141] X3 to X5 are each independently CR8 or N, and at least one of X3 to X5 is CR8;

[0142] X6 to X9 are each independently CR9 or N, and at least one of X6 to X9 is CR9;

[0143] R1 through R9 are each independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C. 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Heteroalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Heterene, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, carboxyl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfonamide, phosphine, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylamino, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylsilyl, unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 30 Alicyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaryl, wherein when b is 2, 3 or 4, each R6 is the same or different from each other;

[0144] Optionally,

[0145] Two adjacent groups from R1 to R5, and / or

[0146] When b is 2, 3, or 4, two adjacent R6, and / or

[0147] X3 and X4 or X4 and X5, and / or

[0148] X6 and X7, or X7 and X8, or X8 and X9

[0149] They are further linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 20 Alicyclic, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 heterocyclic ring, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed fragrance ring;

[0150] a is 0, 1, or 2;

[0151] b is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; and

[0152] a+b does not exceed 4.

[0153] [Formula 3]

[0154]

[0155] As used herein, the term "unsubstituted" refers to a hydrogen atom directly bonded to a carbon atom. As used herein, "hydrogen" may refer to protium.

[0156] As used herein, “substitution” means that hydrogen is substituted by a substituent. Substituents include, but are not limited to, deuterium, unsubstituted, or deuterium- or halogen-substituted C1-C groups. 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or deuterated or halogenated C1-C 20Alkoxy, halogen, cyano, -CF3, unsubstituted or deuterated hydroxyl, unsubstituted or deuterated carboxyl, unsubstituted or deuterated carbonyl, unsubstituted or deuterated amino, unsubstituted or deuterated C1-C 10 Alkylamino, unsubstituted or deuterated C6-C 30 Arylamino, unsubstituted or deuterated C3-C 30 Heteroarylamino, unsubstituted or deuterated C6-C 30 Aryl, unsubstituted or deuterated C3-C 30 Heteroaryl, nitro, hydrazine, sulfonate, unsubstituted or deuterated C1-C 20 Alkylsilyl, unsubstituted or deuterated C6-C 30 Arylsilyl and C3-C 30 Heteroarylsilyl group.

[0157] As used herein, the term "alkyl" refers to a branched or unbranched saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, such as methyl or ethyl, or having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, etc.

[0158] As used herein, the term "alkenyl" is a hydrocarbon group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond. Alkenyl groups can be substituted with one or more substituents.

[0159] As used herein, the term "alicyclic" or "cycloalkyl" refers to a non-aromatic carbonyl ring consisting of at least three carbon atoms. Examples of alicyclic groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, norbornyl, etc. Alicyclic groups can be substituted with one or more substituents.

[0160] As used herein, the term "alkoxy" refers to a branched or unbranched alkyl group bonded by an ether bond represented by the formula -O (-alkyl), where "alkyl" is as defined herein. Examples of alkoxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, and tert-butoxy.

[0161] As used herein, the term "alkylamino" refers to a group represented by the formula -NH(-alkyl) or -N(-alkyl)2, wherein "alkyl" is as defined herein. Examples of alkylamino groups represented by the formula -NH(-alkyl) include, but are not limited to, methylamino, ethylamino, propylamino, isopropylamino, butylamino, isobutylamino, (sec-butyl)amino, (tert-butyl)amino, pentamino, isopentamino, (tert-pentyl)amino, hexylamino, etc. Examples of alkylamino groups represented by the formula -N(-alkyl)2 include, but are not limited to, dimethylamino, diethylamino, dipropylamino, diisopropylamino, dibutylamino, diisobutylamino, di(sec-butyl)amino, di(tert-butyl)amino, dipentamino, diisopentamino, di(tert-pentyl)amino, dihexylamino, N-ethyl-N-methylamino, N-methyl-N-propylamino, N-ethyl-N-propylamino, etc.

[0162] As used herein, the terms "aromatic hydrocarbon" or "aryl" are well known in the art. This term includes monocyclic, monocyclic, or fused-ring polycyclic groups covalently linked to each other by bonds. The aromatic hydrocarbon group can be unsubstituted or substituted. Examples of aromatic hydrocarbons or aryl groups include phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 4-biphenyl, anthraceneyl, and phenanthrene, etc. Substituents in aromatic hydrocarbons or aryl groups are as defined herein.

[0163] As used herein, the term "alkylsilyl" refers to any straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated acyclic alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Examples of alkylsilyl groups include trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, tert-butyldimethylsilyl, vinyldimethylsilyl, propyldimethylsilyl, triphenylsilyl, diphenylsilyl, and phenylsilyl.

[0164] As used in this article, the term "halogen" refers to a fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine atom.

[0165] As used herein, the term "hetero" in terms such as "heteroalkyl", "heteroalkenyl", "heteroalicycloyl", "heteroaryl", "heterocycloalkylene", "heteroarylalkylene", "heteroaryl-o-xylylene", "heterocycloalkyl", "heteroaryl", "heteroarylalkyl", "heteroaryloxy", "heteroarylamino" means that at least one carbon atom, for example, one to five carbon atoms constituting an aliphatic chain, alicyclic group or ring, or an aromatic group or ring, is replaced by at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of N, O, S, and P.

[0166] As used herein, the term "heteroaromatic" or "heteroaryl" refers to a heterocycle comprising at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, and S, wherein the ring system is an aromatic ring. The term includes monocyclic or fused-ring polycyclic groups covalently linked to each other by bonds. Heteroaromatic groups can be unsubstituted or substituted. Examples of heteroaromatic or heteroaryl groups include pyridyl, pyrroleyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, thiopheneyl (or phenylthio), thiazolyl, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, and thiadiazolyl.

[0167] As used herein, the term “heteroaryloxy” refers to a group represented by the formula -O-(heteroaryl), where “heteroaryl” is as defined herein.

[0168] In one exemplary embodiment, R1 to R9 in Formula 2 are each independently substituted or unsubstituted C6-C. 30 In the aryl form, R1 to R9 can each be, but are not limited to, C6-C. 30 Aryl, C7-C 30 Arylalkyl, C6-C 30 aryloxy groups and C6-C 30 Aromatic amino groups. As an example, when R1 to R9 are each independently C6-C... 30 In the case of aryl groups, R1 to R9 can each be independently, but not limited to, unfused or fused aryl groups, such as phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, anthracene, pentalenyl, indenyl, indeno-indenyl, heptalenyl, biphenylenyl, indacenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthrenyl, benzo-phenanthrenyl, dibenzo-phenanthrenyl, azulenyl, pyrenyl, fluoranthenyl, and triphenylenyl. The aryl group can be chrysenyl, tetraphenylenyl, tetracenyl, pleiadenyl, picenyl, pentaphenylenyl, pentaphenylenyl, fluorenyl, indeno-fluorenyl, or spirofluorenyl. The unfused or fused aryl group can be substituted or unsubstituted. In some embodiments, two adjacent R groups from R1 to R5 or two adjacent R groups from R7 to R9 form a substituted or unsubstituted unfused or fused aryl group.

[0169] Alternatively, when R1 to R9 in Equation 2 are each independently substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 30 In heteroaryl cases, R1 to R9 can each be, but is not limited to, C3-C. 30 heteroaryl, C4-C 30 Heteroarylalkyl, C3-C 30 Heteroaryl groups and C3-C 30 Heteroarylamino. As an example, when R1 to R9 can each independently be C3-C. 30 In the case of heteroaryl groups, R1 to R9 can each independently include, but are not limited to, unfused or fused heteroaryl groups, such as pyrroloyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, tetraazinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, indazoleyl, indeneyl, pyrroloazinyl, carbazoleyl, benzo[carbazoleyl], dibenzo[carbazoleyl], indole[carbazoleyl], indene[carbazoleyl], benzofuran-carbazoleyl, benzothiophene-carbazoleyl, carbolinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, quinoxalyl, cinnamyl, quinazolinyl, quinolinyl, purineyl, benzoquinolinyl, benzo[isoquinolinyl], benzo[quinoxalyl], benzo[quinoxalyl], benzo[quinoxalyl], benzo[quinoxalyl] Acridine, phenazinyl, phenoxazinyl, phenthiazinyl, phenanthrolinel, piperidinyl, phenanthinyl, pteridinyl, naphridinyl, furanyl, pyranyl, oxazinyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazolyl, dioxalyl, benzofuranyl, dibenzofuranyl, thiophene, xanthyl, chromenyl, isochromenyl, thiazinyl, thiophene, benzo-thiophene, dibenzothiophene, difuranylpyrazinyl, benzofuranyl-dibenzofuranyl, benzothiophene-benzothiophene, benzothiophene-dibenzothiophene, benzothiophene-benzofuranyl, xanthyl-linked spiroacridinyl, at least one C1-C 10 Alkyl-substituted dihydroacrylinyl and / or N-substituted spirofluorenyl. The aryl group, whether fused or unfused, may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0170] As an example, each of the aryl or heteroaryl groups R1 to R9 can consist of one to three aromatic or heteroaryl rings. When the number of aromatic or heteroaryl rings R1 to R9 becomes more than four, the conjugated structure throughout the molecule can become too long. Therefore, the organometallic compound may have an excessively narrow band gap. For example, each of the aryl or heteroaryl groups R1 to R9 can independently include, but is not limited to, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, anthracene, pyrrole, triazinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, furanyl, benzofuranyl, dibenzofuranyl, thiophene, benzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, carbazolyl, acridinel, carbaolinyl, phenazinyl, phenoxazinyl, or phenothiazinyl.

[0171] In one exemplary embodiment, the alkyl, heteroalkyl, alkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkylsilyl, alicyclic, heteroalicyclic, aryl, and heteroaryl groups of R1 to R9 may each be independently unsubstituted or halogenated, C1-C 10 Alkyl, C4-C 20 Alicyclic group, C3-C 20 heterocyclic group, C6-C 20 Aryl and C3-C 20 At least one of the heteroaryl groups is substituted. In some embodiments, a C4-C group is formed by two adjacent R groups from R1 to R6, two adjacent R8 groups, and / or two adjacent R9 groups. 20 Alicyclic, C3-C 20 Aliphatic ring, C6-C 30 Aromatic rings and C3-C 30 Each of the heterocyclic aromatic rings can be independently unsubstituted or substituted by at least one C1-C. 10 Alkyl substitution.

[0172] Alternatively, two adjacent R groups from R1 to R6, two adjacent R8 groups, and two adjacent R9 groups can form an unsubstituted or substituted C4-C group. 30 Alicyclic (e.g., C5-C) 10 Alicyclic, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heterocyclic rings (e.g., C3-C) 10 heterocyclic rings), unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic rings (e.g., C6-C) 20 Aromatic rings, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heterocyclic aromatic rings (e.g., C3-C) 20 (Heteroaromatic rings). Aliphatic rings, heteroaliphatic rings, aromatic rings, and heteroaromatic rings formed by two adjacent R groups from R1 to R6, two adjacent R8 groups, and two adjacent R9 groups are not limited to specific rings. For example, aromatic rings or heteroaromatic rings formed by these groups may include, but are not limited to, those that are unsubstituted or substituted by at least one C1-C2 group. 10Alkyl-substituted benzene rings, pyridine rings, indole rings, pyran rings, or fluorene rings. In some embodiments, an aromatic ring or heteroaromatic ring formed by two adjacent R groups from R1 to R6, two adjacent R8 groups, or two adjacent R9 groups can form an unsubstituted or substituted fused aromatic ring or heteroaromatic ring. The definitions of fused aromatic rings and fused heteroaromatic rings are the same as described above.

[0173] Organometallic compounds having the structure represented by Formula 1 have a heteroaryl ligand consisting of at least five rings. The organometallic compound can have a rigid chemical conformation, so its conformation does not rotate during luminescence. Therefore, a good luminescence lifetime can be maintained. The organometallic compound can have a specific photoluminescence emission range, thus improving its color purity.

[0174] In one exemplary embodiment, each of m and n in Formula 1 can be 1 or 2. When the organometallic compound can be a heterometallic complex comprising two different bidentate ligands coordinated to the central metal atom, the photoluminescence purity and emission color of the organometallic compound can be easily controlled by combining the two different bidentate ligands. Furthermore, the color purity and emission peak of the organometallic compound can be controlled by introducing various substituents into each ligand. Alternatively, in Formula 1, m can be 3 and n can be 0. As an example, an organometallic compound having the structure represented by Formula 1 can emit green light and can improve the luminous efficiency of an organic light-emitting diode.

[0175] As an example, in Equation 2, X1 is CR7, X2 is CR7 or N, X3 to X5 are each independently CR8, and X6 to X9 are each independently CR9. That is, each of X1 and X3 to X9 can be an unsubstituted or substituted carbon atom independently.

[0176] In one exemplary embodiment, when a is 1 or 2, the phenyl group in Formula 2 may be attached to the meta position of the pyridine ring coordinated with the metal atom, and each of X1 and X3 through X9 in Formula 2 may be an unsubstituted or substituted carbon atom independently. Such an L A It may have the following structure, represented by Equation 4A or Equation 4B:

[0177] [Formula 4A]

[0178]

[0179] [Formula 4B]

[0180]

[0181] In Equations 4A and 4B,

[0182] Each of R1 to R6 and b is as defined in Equation 2;

[0183] R 11 To R 14 Each is independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Heteroalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Heterene, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, carboxyl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfonamide, phosphine, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylamino, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylsilyl, unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 30 Alicyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed aromatics;

[0184] Optionally,

[0185] When d is 2 or 3 and when e is 2, 3 or 4

[0186] When d is 2 or 3, two adjacent R 13 and / or

[0187] When e is 2, 3, or 4, two adjacent R 14

[0188] They are further linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 20 Alicyclic, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 heterocyclic ring, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed fragrance ring;

[0189] c is 0 or 1;

[0190] d is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and

[0191] e can be 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0192] In another exemplary embodiment, when a is 1 or 2, the phenyl group in Formula 2 may be linked to the para position of the pyridine ring coordinated to the metal atom, and each of X1 and X3 through X9 in Formula 2 may be an unsubstituted or substituted carbon atom independently. Such an L A It can have the following structure: Formula 4C or Formula 4D:

[0193] [Formula 4C]

[0194]

[0195] [Form 4D]

[0196]

[0197] In Equations 4C and 4D, each of R1 to R6 and b is as defined in Equation 2;

[0198] R 11 To R 14 Each is independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Heteroalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Heterene, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, carboxyl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfonamide, phosphine, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylamino, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylsilyl, unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 30 Alicyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed aromatics;

[0199] Optionally,

[0200] When d is 2 or 3, two adjacent R 13 and / or

[0201] When e is 2, 3, or 4, two adjacent R 14

[0202] They are further linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 20 Alicyclic, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 heterocyclic ring, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed fragrance ring;

[0203] c is 0 or 1;

[0204] d is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and

[0205] e can be 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0206] In one exemplary embodiment, R1 to R6 and R in Equations 4A to 4D11 To R 14 Each of the alkyl, heteroalkyl, alkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, alkylsilyl, alicyclic, heteroalicyclic, aryl, and heteroaryl groups may be independently unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, tritium, halogen, C1-C 10 Alkyl, C4-C 20 Alicyclic group, C3-C 20 heterocyclic group, C6-C 20 Aryl and C3-C 20 At least one of the heteroaryl groups is substituted. In some embodiments, two adjacent R groups from R1 to R6 in formulas 4A to 4D, and two adjacent R groups are substituted. 13 and two adjacent R 14 The formed C4-C 20 Alicyclic, C3-C 20 Aliphatic ring, C6-C 30 Aromatic rings and C3-C 30 Each of the heterocyclic aromatic rings can be independently unsubstituted or substituted by at least one C1-C. 10 Alkyl substitution.

[0207] In yet another exemplary embodiment, L, as an auxiliary ligand B It can be a phenyl-pyridinyl ligand or an acetylacetone ligand. As an example, L... B It may have, but is not limited to, the following structures represented by Equation 5A or Equation 5B:

[0208] [Formula 5A]

[0209]

[0210] [Formula 5B]

[0211]

[0212] In Equations 5A and 5B,

[0213] R 21 R 22 and R 31 To R 33 Each is independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Heteroalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Heterene, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, carboxyl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfonamide, phosphine, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylamino, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C20 Alkylsilyl, unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 30 Alicyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed aromatics,

[0214] Optionally,

[0215] When f is 2, 3, or 4, two adjacent R 21 and / or

[0216] When g is 2, 3, or 4, two adjacent R 22 and / or

[0217] R 31 and R 32 、or R 32 and R 33

[0218] They are further linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 20 Alicyclic, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 heterocyclic ring, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed aromatic rings; and

[0219] f and g are each 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.

[0220] R 21 To R 22 and R 31 To R 33 Substituents or those derived from R 21 To R 22 R 31 and R 32 , and / or R 32 and R 33 The formed ring can be the same as the substituent or ring described in Formula 2. In one exemplary embodiment, an organometallic compound having one of the structures represented by Formulas 1 to 5B can be selected from, but is not limited to, the following organometallic compounds represented by Formula 6:

[0221] [Formula 6]

[0222]

[0223]

[0224]

[0225]

[0226]

[0227]

[0228]

[0229]

[0230]

[0231]

[0232]

[0233]

[0234]

[0235]

[0236]

[0237]

[0238]

[0239]

[0240]

[0241] Organometallic compounds having any of the structures represented by Formulas 4A to 6 include heteroaryl ligands consisting of at least five rings, thus allowing them to have a rigid chemical conformation. These organometallic compounds can improve color purity and luminescence lifetime because they can maintain a stable chemical conformation during luminescence. Furthermore, since the organometallic compounds can be metal complexes with bidentate ligands, the luminescence color purity and color can be easily controlled. Therefore, by applying an organometallic compound having one of the structures represented by Formulas 1 to 6 to the luminescent layer, organic light-emitting diodes can achieve advantageous luminous efficiency.

[0242] The first host 344 can be a p-type host with relatively favorable hole affinity. The first host 344 can be a (hetero)aryl-amine-based organic compound having the structure represented by Formula 7:

[0243] [Formula 7]

[0244]

[0245] In Equation 7,

[0246] R 41 and R 42 Each is independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and substituted C3-C 30 Each substituent on the heteroaryl group is independently unsubstituted or C6-C. 30 Aryl and C3-C 30 At least one of the heteroaryl groups is further substituted.

[0247] Optionally,

[0248] R 41 and R 42 They are further linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Spiroaryl ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Spiral aromatic rings;

[0249] R 43 To R 46 Each is independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 arylamino, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroarylamino,

[0250] Optionally,

[0251] Replacement C6-C 30 Aryl, substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, substituted C6-C 30 Arylamino and substituted C3-C 30 Each substituent on the heteroaryl amino group is independently unsubstituted or C6-C. 30 Aryl and C3-C 30 At least one of the heteroaryl groups is further substituted, wherein when p is 2, 3 or more, each R 43 Whether they are the same or different, when q is 2 or 3, each R 44 They are the same or different from each other;

[0252] L1 represents a single bond, and is either unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 30Aryl styrene, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Hybrid aromatic styrene, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl styrene and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroarylene independently reacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure;

[0253] Ar1 and Ar2 are each independently unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed fragrance ring;

[0254] p is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; and

[0255] q can be 0, 1, 2, or 3.

[0256] In one exemplary implementation, R 41 To R 46 aryl and heteroaryl groups, through the connection of R 41 and R 42 The formed spiroaromatic and spiroheteroaromatic rings, the aryl and heteroaryl groups of L1, and the aromatic and heteroaryl rings of Ar1 and Ar2 can each be independently unsubstituted or C1-C2 substituted. 10 Alkyl, C6-C 20 arylamino, C3-C 20 heteroarylamino, C6-C 20 Aryl and C3-C 20 At least one of the heteroaryl groups is substituted, or it may be C6-C. 20 Aromatic rings or C3-C 20 The heterocyclic aromatic rings form a spirostructure. Optionally, C6-C 20 arylamino, C3-C 20 heteroarylamino, C6-C 20 Aryl and C3-C 20 Heteroaryl groups can be independently unsubstituted or substituted by another C6-C. 20 aryl and / or another C3-C 20 Further substitution by heteroaryl groups.

[0257] As an example, R, which constitutes the fluorene base portion 41 and R 42 Each of them may independently include, but is not limited to, methyl, phenyl, unsubstituted or substituted diphenylamino (each of the two phenyl groups in the diphenylamino may independently be unsubstituted or substituted by another phenyl group), and unsubstituted or substituted fluorene ring having a spirostructure.

[0258] R connected to the side benzene ring of the fluorene moiety 43 and R 44 Each of these can independently include, but is not limited to, protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted diphenylamino, unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, biphenyl, unsubstituted or substituted carbazolyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, or diphenylamino (each of the two phenyl groups in diphenylamino can independently be unsubstituted or substituted with another phenyl group). In one exemplary embodiment, each of m and n can independently be 0 or 1.

[0259] In Formula 7, the nitrogen atom or L, acting as a bridging group (or linking group), can be attached to, but is not limited to, the 1- to 4-positions of the fluorene ring, such as the 1-, 3-, or 4-positions. Each of Ar1 and Ar2 can independently be an aryl or heteroaryl group as described in Formula 2. As an example, each of Ar1 and Ar2 can independently include, but is not limited to, a benzene ring, a biphenyl ring, a terphenyl ring, a naphthalene ring, an anthracene ring, a phenanthrene ring, a pyrene ring, and / or a benzo[a]phenanthrene ring, each of which can independently be unsubstituted or substituted.

[0260] In addition, R 45 and R 46 Each of these can independently include, but is not limited to, hydrogen, unsubstituted or phenyl- or diphenylamino-substituted phenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, and unsubstituted or phenyl-substituted carbazoleyl. As an example, R 45 and R 46 At least one of them can be unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 arylamino, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroarylamino. In one exemplary embodiment, the first body 344 may be selected from, but is not limited to, the following organic compounds represented by Formula 8:

[0261] [Formula 8]

[0262]

[0263]

[0264]

[0265] EML 340 may further include a second host 346 and a first host 344. The second host 346 may be an n-type host with relatively favorable electron affinity properties. The second host 346 may include an azazinyl organic compound having the structure represented by Formula 9:

[0266] [Formula 9]

[0267]

[0268] In Equation 9,

[0269] R 51 To R 53 Each is independently unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, of which R 51 To R 53 At least one of them has the following structure represented by Equation 10A or Equation 10B;

[0270] Y1, Y2, and Y3 are each independently CR 54 Or N, where at least one of Y1, Y2, and Y3 is N;

[0271] R 54 Independently constitutes protium, deuterium, tritium, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroaryl group independently reacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure; and

[0272] L is a single bond, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 30 Aryl styrene, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed aromatic styrene; optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl styrene and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroarylene independently reacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 The heterocyclic aromatic rings form a spiral structure.

[0273] [Formula 10A]

[0274]

[0275] In Equation 10A,

[0276] An asterisk indicates a connection to L in Formula 9 or to the azazine portion including Y1 to Y3;

[0277] R 61 To R 68Each is independently protium, deuterium, tritium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 10 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroaryl group independently reacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure; and

[0278] Optionally,

[0279] R 61 To R 68 At least two adjacent R groups are further linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heterocyclic aromatic rings, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic rings and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heterocyclic ring independently interacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 20 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 The heterocyclic aromatic rings form a spiral structure.

[0280] [Formula 10B]

[0281]

[0282] In Equation 10B,

[0283] An asterisk indicates a connection to L in Formula 9 or to the azazine portion including Y1 to Y3;

[0284] R 71 For protium, deuterium, tritium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 10 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroaryl group and its unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure;

[0285] R 72 To R 78Each is independently protium, deuterium, tritium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 10 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroaryl group and its unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure; and

[0286] Optionally,

[0287] R 72 To R 78 At least two adjacent R groups are further linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heterocyclic aromatic rings, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic rings and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heterocyclic ring independently interacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 20 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 The heterocyclic aromatic rings form a spiral structure.

[0288] In one exemplary implementation, R 51 To R 54 R 61 To R 68 R 71 To R 78 Each of the aryl and heteroaryl groups, and / or each of the aryl and heteroaryl groups of L can be independently unsubstituted or C1-C2 substituted. 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkyl silyl, C6-C 20 Arylsilyl, C6-C 20 Aryl and C3-C 20 At least one of the heteroaryl groups is substituted, or it is combined with C6-C. 20 Aromatic rings or C3-C 20 The heterocyclic aromatic rings form a spiral structure.

[0289] As an example, the azazine portion or L in Formula 9, which is the second body 346, can be connected to the 3-position of the carbazole portion in Formula 10A and / or Formula 10B, but is not limited to this. For example, the two R portions at positions 2 and 3 and / or positions 6 and 7 of the carbazole portion in Formula 10A and Formula 10B can form an aromatic ring and / or a heteroaromatic ring, but are not limited thereto.

[0290] In some implementations, R in formulas 10A and 10B 61 To R 68 and / or R 72 To R 78 The aromatic or heteroaromatic ring formed by two adjacent R groups may include, but is not limited to, benzene rings, naphthyl rings, anthracene rings, pyridine rings, furan rings, thiophene rings, indole rings, benzofuran rings, and benzothiophene rings, each of which may be independently unsubstituted or C1-C2 substituted. 10 Alkyl, C6-C 20 Aryl and C3-C 20 At least one of the heteroaryl groups is substituted. As an example, such an aromatic or heteroaryl ring may include an indole ring, an indole ring, a benzofuran ring, and a benzothiophene ring, each of which may be unsubstituted or substituted with these groups.

[0291] R in Equation 10B 71 This may include, but is not limited to, phenyl groups that are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one phenyl group.

[0292] In one exemplary implementation, R in Equation 9 53 It can have Equation 10A or Equation 10B. Alternatively, R in Equation 9... 51 and / or R 52 It can have formula 10A or formula 10B.

[0293] R in Equation 9 51 To R 53 Aryl and heteroaryl groups that do not have a structure represented by Formula 10A or Formula 10B may include aryl and heteroaryl groups as described in Formula 2. For example, R groups that do not have a structure represented by Formula 10A or Formula 10B 51 To R 53 Each of these groups can independently comprise phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, and carbazole groups, and each group can be unsubstituted or C1-C2 substituted. 10 Alkyl, C6-C 20 Aryl and C3-C 20 At least one of the heteroaryl groups is substituted.

[0294] The aryl and heteroaryl groups in Formula 9 may include divalent bridging groups corresponding to the aryl and heteroaryl groups described in Formula 2. For example, the aryl and heteroaryl groups may include, but are not limited to, phenylene, naphthyl, and pyridyl groups, each of which may be independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one aryl group such as phenyl, naphthyl, anthracene, and / or phenanthrene. In an exemplary embodiment, the second body 346 may be selected from, but is not limited to, organic compounds represented by the following Formula 11:

[0295] [Equation 11]

[0296]

[0297]

[0298]

[0299] Based on the total weight of the components in EML 340, the content of the body comprising the first body 344 and the second body 346 in EML 340 may be, but is not limited to, from about 50% by weight to about 90% by weight, for example, from about 80% by weight to about 95% by weight. Based on the total weight of the components in EML 340, the content of the dopant 342 in EML 340 may be, but is not limited to, from about 1% by weight to 10% by weight, for example, from about 5% by weight to 20% by weight. When EML 340 comprises the first body 344 and the second body 346, the first body 344 and the second body 346 may be, but is not limited to, mixed in a weight ratio between about 4:1 and about 1:4, for example, in a weight ratio between about 3:1 and about 1:3. As an example, EML 340 may have a thickness of, but is not limited to, from about 100 nm to about 500 nm.

[0300] HIL 310 is disposed between the first electrode 210 and HTL 320, and can improve the interfacial properties between the inorganic first electrode 210 and the organic HTL 320. In one exemplary embodiment, HIL 310 may include, but is not limited to: 4,4',4”-tris(3-methylphenylamino)triphenylamine (MTDATA), 4,4',4”-tris(N,N-diphenyl-amino)triphenylamine (NATA), 4,4',4”-tris(N-(naphthyl-1-yl)-N-phenyl-amino)triphenylamine (1T-NATA), 4,4',4”-tris(N-(naphthyl-2-yl)-N-phenyl-amino)triphenylamine (2T-NATA), copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), tris(4-carbazole-9-yl-phenyl)amine (TCTA), N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-bis(1-naphthyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4”-diamine (NPB; NPD), 1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenyl Hexanitrile (dipyrazino[2,3-f:2'3'-h]quinoxaline-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexanitrile; HAT-CN), 1,3,5-tris[4-(diphenylamino)phenyl]benzene (TDAPB), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT / PSS), 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethylamine (F4TCNQ), N-(biphenyl-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-N-(4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)phenyl)-9H-fluorene-2-amine, N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-di[4-(N,N'-diphenylamino)phenyl]benzidine (NPNPB), and / or combinations thereof.

[0301] As an example, HIL 310 may have a thickness of approximately 50 nm to approximately 150 nm. Depending on the characteristics of OLED D1, HIL 310 may be omitted.

[0302] The HTL 320 is disposed adjacent to the EML 340 between the first electrode 210 and the EML 340. In one exemplary embodiment, the HTL... 320 may include, but is not limited to: N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-bis(3-methylphenyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine (TPD), NPB (NPD), N,N'-bis[4-[bis(3-methylphenyl)amino]phenyl]-N,N'-diphenyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine (DNTPD), 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (CBP), poly[N,N'-bis(4-tert-butyl)-N,N'-bis(phenyl)-biphenyldiamine] (Poly-TPD), poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(4,4'-(N-(4-secondary butylphenyl)diphenylamine))] (TFB), 1, 1-Bis(4-(N,N'-Di(p-tolyl)amino)phenyl)cyclohexane (TAPC), 3,5-Di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-N,N-diphenylaniline (DCDPA), N-(biphenyl-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-N-(4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)phenyl)-9H-fluorene-2-amine, N-(biphenyl-4-yl)-N-(4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)phenyl)biphenyl-4-amine, N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-N-(4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)phenyl)-9H-fluorene-2-amine, spirofluorene compounds having a structure represented by Formula 12, and / or combinations thereof:

[0303] [Equation 12]

[0304]

[0305] ETL 360 and EIL 370 can be sequentially laminated between EML 340 and the second electrode 220. ETL 360 comprises a material with high electron mobility, thus it can stably supply electrons to EML 340 through rapid electron transport.

[0306] In one exemplary embodiment, ETL 360 may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following compounds: oxadiazole compounds, triazole compounds, phenanthroline compounds, benzoxazole compounds, benzothiazole compounds, benzimidazole compounds, triazine compounds, and / or the like.

[0307] As an example, ETL 360 may include, but is not limited to: tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq3), bis(2-methyl-8-quinoline-N1,O8)-(1,1'-biphenyl-4-phenol)aluminum (BAlq), lithium quinoline (Liq), 2-biphenyl-4-yl-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (PBD), spiro-PBD, 1,3,5-tris(N-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl)benzene (TPBi), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), 2,9-bis(naphthyl-2-yl)4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (NBphen), 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 3-(4-biphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-tert-butylphenyl-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ). ), 4-(naphthyl-1-yl)-3,5-diphenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (NTAZ), 1,3,5-tris(p-pyridin-3-yl-phenyl)benzene (TpPyPB), 2,4,6-tris(3'-(pyridin-3-yl)biphenyl-3-yl)1,3,5-triazine (TmPPPyTz), poly[9,9-bis(3'-(N,N-dimethyl)-N-ethylammonium] [(9,9-dioctylfluorene)](PFNBr), tris(phenylquinoxaline) (TPQ), diphenyl-4-triphenylsilyl-phenylphosphine oxide (TSPO1), 2-[4-(9,10-di-2-naphthyl-2-yl-2-anthracene-2-yl)phenyl]1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole (ZADN), and / or combinations thereof.

[0308] EIL 370 is disposed between the second electrode 220 and ETL 360 and can improve the physical properties of the second electrode 220, thereby enhancing the lifetime of OLED D1. In one exemplary embodiment, EIL 370 may include, but is not limited to, alkali metal halides or alkaline earth metal halides such as LiF, CsF, NaF, BaF2, and / or the like, and / or organometallic compounds such as Liq, lithium benzoate, lithium stearate, and / or the like. Each of ETL 360 and EIL 370 may independently have a thickness of, but not limited to, about 100 nm to about 400 nm. Alternatively, EIL 370 may be omitted.

[0309] In an alternative aspect, the electron transport material and the electron injection material can be mixed to form a single ETL-EIL. The electron transport material and the electron injection material can be mixed, but are not limited to having a weight ratio of about 4:1 to about 1:4, for example, a weight ratio of about 2:1 to about 1:2.

[0310] When holes are transferred to the second electrode 220 via EML 340 and / or electrons are transferred to the first electrode 210 via EML 340, the OLED D1 may have a short lifetime and reduced luminous efficiency. To prevent or reduce these phenomena, the OLED D1 according to this aspect of the disclosure may have at least one exciton blocking layer adjacent to EML 340.

[0311] For example, OLED D1 may include an EBL 330 between HTL 320 and EML 340 to control and prevent or reduce electron transfer. In one exemplary embodiment, EBL 330 may include, but is not limited to: TCTA, tris[4-(diethylamino)phenyl]amine, N-(biphenyl-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-N-(4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)phenyl)-9H-fluorene-2-amine, TAPC, MTDATA, 1,3-bis(carbazole-9-yl)phenyl (mCP), 3,3'-bis(N-carbazole)-1,1'-biphenyl (mCBP), CuPc, DNTPD, TDAPB, DCDPA, 2,8-bis(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)dibenzo[b,d]thiophene, and / or combinations thereof.

[0312] In addition, the OLED D1 may further include an HBL 350 as a second exciton blocking layer between the EML 340 and the ETL 360, thereby preventing holes from migrating from the EML 340 to the ETL 360. In one exemplary embodiment, the HBL 350 may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following compounds that can be used in the ETL 360: oxadiazole compounds, triazole compounds, phenanthroline compounds, benzoxazole compounds, benzothiazole compounds, benzimidazole compounds, and triazine compounds.

[0313] For example, HBL 350 may include compounds having a relatively low HOMO energy level compared to the luminescent material in EML 340. HBL 350 may include, but is not limited to: Alq3, BAlq, Liq, PBD, spiro-PBD, BCP, bis-4,5-(3,5-di-3-pyridylphenyl)-2-methylpyrimidine (B3PYMPM), bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl] ether oxide (DPEPO), 9-(6-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)pyridin-3-yl)-9H-3,9'-biscarbazole, TSPO1, and / or combinations thereof.

[0314] Because organometallic compounds with one of the structures represented by Formulas 1 to 6 have a rigid chemical conformation, they can maintain their stable chemical conformation during luminescence, exhibiting favorable color purity and luminescence lifetime. The luminescence color of organometallic compounds can be altered by changing the structure of the bidentate ligand and the substituents of the ligand.

[0315] Furthermore, EML 340 may further include a first body 344 with favorable hole transport properties and a second body 346 with favorable electron transport properties. Since charge and exciton energy are rapidly transferred from the (hetero)aryl-amine-based first body 344 and the azazine-based second body 346 to the dopant 342, the OLED D1 can have its driving voltage reduced and its luminous efficiency and luminous lifetime improved.

[0316] In the exemplary embodiments described above, the OLED and organic light-emitting display device include a single light-emitting element that emits green light. Alternatively, the OLED may include multiple light-emitting elements (see...). Figure 5 and Figure 6 ( ), wherein at least one of them includes a dopant 342, a first body 344 and an optional second body 346.

[0317] In another exemplary embodiment, the organic light-emitting display device can achieve full color including white. Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0318] like Figure 4 As shown, the organic light-emitting display device 400 includes a first substrate 402 defining each of a red pixel region RP, a green pixel region GP, ​​and a blue pixel region BP, a second substrate 404 facing the first substrate 402, a thin film transistor Tr located on the first substrate 402, an OLED D disposed between the first substrate 402 and the second substrate 404 and emitting white (W) light, and a color filter layer 480 disposed between the OLED D and the second substrate 404.

[0319] Each of the first substrate 402 and the second substrate 404 may include, but is not limited to, glass, flexible materials, and / or polymeric plastics. For example, each of the first substrate 402 and the second substrate 404 may be made of PI, PES, PEN, PET, PC, and / or combinations thereof. The first substrate 402, on which thin-film transistors Tr and OLEDs D are disposed, forms an array substrate.

[0320] A buffer layer 406 may be disposed on the first substrate 402. A thin-film transistor Tr is disposed on the buffer layer 406, corresponding to each of the red pixel region RP, the green pixel region GP, ​​and the blue pixel region BP. The buffer layer 406 may be omitted.

[0321] The semiconductor layer 410 is disposed on the buffer layer 406. The semiconductor layer 410 may be made of or may include an oxide semiconductor material or polycrystalline silicon.

[0322] The gate insulating layer 420 is disposed on the semiconductor layer 410. The gate insulating layer 420 includes an insulating material, for example, an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide (SiO x , where 0 < x ≤ 2) or silicon nitride (SiN x , where 0 < x ≤ 2).

[0323] The gate 430 made of a conductive material such as metal is disposed on the gate insulating layer 420 so as to correspond to the center of the semiconductor layer 410. The gate insulating layer 440 is disposed on the gate 430. The gate insulating layer 440 includes an insulating material, for example, an inorganic insulating material such as SiO x or SiN x , or an organic insulating material such as benzocyclobutene or photo - acryl.

[0324] The interlayer insulating layer 440 has a first semiconductor layer contact hole 442 and a second semiconductor layer contact hole 444 that expose or do not cover a part of the surface of the semiconductor layer 410 that is closer to the opposite end than the center of the semiconductor layer 410. The first semiconductor layer contact hole 442 and the second semiconductor layer contact hole 444 are disposed on opposite sides of the gate 430 and are spaced apart from the gate 430.

[0325] The source electrode 452 and the drain electrode 454 made of a conductive material such as metal or including a conductive material such as metal are disposed on the interlayer insulating layer 440. The source electrode 452 and the drain electrode 454 are spaced apart from each other with respect to the gate 430. The source electrode 452 and the drain electrode 454 contact both sides of the semiconductor layer 410 through the first semiconductor layer contact hole 442 and the second semiconductor layer contact hole 444, respectively.

[0326] The semiconductor layer 410, the gate 430, the source electrode 452, and the drain electrode 454 constitute a thin - film transistor Tr that serves as a driving element.

[0327] Although Figure 4 not shown in the figure, gate lines GL and data lines DL that cross each other to define the pixel region P, and switching elements Ts connected to the gate lines GL and the data lines DL may be further formed in the pixel region P. The switching element Ts is connected to the thin - film transistor Tr that serves as a driving element. In addition, a power line PL is spaced apart in parallel from the gate line GL or the data line DL, and the thin - film transistor Tr may further include a storage capacitor Cst configured to constantly hold the voltage of the gate 430 within one frame.

[0328] A passivation layer 460 is disposed on the source 452 and the drain 454 and covers the entire thin-film transistor Tr on the first substrate 402. The passivation layer 460 has a drain contact hole 462 that may or may not cover the drain 454 of the thin-film transistor Tr.

[0329] The OLED D is located on the passivation layer 460. The OLED D includes a first electrode 510 connected to the drain 454 of the thin film transistor Tr, a second electrode 520 facing the first electrode 510, and a light-emitting layer 530 disposed between the first electrode 510 and the second electrode 520.

[0330] The first electrode 510 formed for each pixel region RP, GP, or BP can be an anode and may include a conductive material with a relatively high work function value. For example, the first electrode 510 may include, but is not limited to, ITO, IZO, ITZO, SnO, ZnO, ICO, AZO, and / or the like. Alternatively, a reflective electrode or reflective layer may be disposed below the first electrode 510. For example, the reflective electrode or reflective layer may include, but is not limited to, Ag or APC alloys.

[0331] A dam layer 464 is disposed on the passivation layer 460 to cover the edge of the first electrode 510. The dam layer 464 may or may not cover the center of the first electrode 510 corresponding to each of the red pixel RP, green pixel GP, and blue pixel BP. The dam layer 464 may be omitted.

[0332] A light-emitting layer 530, which may include a light-emitting portion, may be disposed on the first electrode 510. For example... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the light-emitting layer 530 may include a plurality of light-emitting portions 600, 700, 700' and 800 and at least one charge-generating layer 680 and 780. Each of the light-emitting portions 600, 700, 700' and 800 includes at least one light-emitting material layer and may further include HIL, HTL, EBL, HBL, ETL and / or EIL.

[0333] The second electrode 520 can be disposed on a substrate 402 on which a light-emitting layer 530 may be disposed. The second electrode 520 can be disposed over the entire display area and may include a conductive material having a relatively low work function value compared to the first electrode 510, and may be a cathode. For example, the second electrode 520 may include, but is not limited to, Al, Mg, Ca, Ag, alloys thereof, or / or combinations thereof, such as Al-Mg.

[0334] Since in the organic light-emitting display device 400 according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure, light emitted from the light-emitting layer 530 is incident on the color filter layer 480 through the second electrode 520, the second electrode 520 has a thin thickness so that light can be transmitted.

[0335] A color filter layer 480 is disposed on the OLED D and includes a red color filter pattern 482, a green color filter pattern 484, and a blue color filter pattern 486, each corresponding to a red pixel RP, a green pixel GP, and a blue pixel BP, respectively. Although Figure 4 Not shown, the color filter layer 480 can be attached to the OLED D via an adhesive layer. Alternatively, the color filter layer 480 can be directly disposed on the OLED D.

[0336] Furthermore, an encapsulation film can be disposed on the second electrode 520 to prevent or reduce the penetration of external moisture into the OLEDD. The encapsulation film may have, but is not limited to, a laminated structure comprising, but not limited to, a first inorganic insulating film, an organic insulating film, and a second inorganic insulating film. Figure 2 (176 in the text). Furthermore, the polarizing plate can be attached to the second substrate 404 to reduce the reflection of external light. For example, the polarizing plate can be a circular polarizing plate.

[0337] exist Figure 4 In this configuration, light emitted from the OLED D is transmitted through the second electrode 520, and a color filter layer 480 is disposed on the OLED D. Alternatively, light emitted from the OLED D is transmitted through the first electrode 510, and the color filter layer 480 may be disposed between the OLED D and the first substrate 402. Furthermore, a color conversion layer may be formed or disposed between the OLED D and the color filter layer 480. The color conversion layer may include a red conversion layer, a green conversion layer, and a blue conversion layer, respectively disposed for each pixel (RP, GP, and BP) to convert white (W) light into each of red, green, and blue light, respectively. Alternatively, the organic light-emitting display device 400 may include a color conversion film instead of the color filter layer 480.

[0338] As described above, white (W) light emitted from OLED D is transmitted through red filter pattern 482, green filter pattern 484 and blue filter pattern 486, each of which corresponds to the red pixel region RP, green pixel region GP and blue pixel region BP respectively, so that red light, green light and blue light are displayed in the red pixel region RP, green pixel region GP and blue pixel region BP respectively.

[0339] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) with a series-connected structure of two light-emitting portions is shown. Figure 5As shown, an OLED D2 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes a first electrode 510 and a second electrode 520, and a light-emitting layer 530 disposed between the first electrode 510 and the second electrode 520. The light-emitting layer 530 includes a first light-emitting portion 600 disposed between the first electrode 510 and the second electrode 520, a second light-emitting portion 700 disposed between the first light-emitting portion 600 and the second electrode 520, and a charge-generating layer (CGL) 680 disposed between the first light-emitting portion 600 and the second light-emitting portion 700.

[0340] The first electrode 510 may be an anode and may include a conductive material with a relatively high work function value, such as TCO. For example, the first electrode 510 may include, but is not limited to, ITO, IZO, ITZO, SnO, ZnO, ICO, AZO, and / or the like. The second electrode 520 may be a cathode and may include a conductive material with a relatively low work function value. For example, the second electrode 520 may include, but is not limited to, Al, Mg, Ca, Ag, alloys thereof, and / or combinations thereof, such as Al-Mg.

[0341] The first light-emitting portion 600 includes a first EML (EML1) 640. The first light-emitting portion 600 may further include at least one of the following: a HIL 610 disposed between the first electrode 510 and EML1 640; a first HTL (HTL1) 620 disposed between HIL 610 and EML1 640; and a first ETL (ETL1) 660 disposed between EML1 640 and CGL 680. Alternatively, the first light-emitting portion 600 may further include a first EBL (EBL1) 630 disposed between HTL1 620 and EML1 640; and / or a first HBL (HBL1) 650 disposed between EML1 640 and ETL1 660.

[0342] The second light-emitting portion 700 includes a second EML (EML2) 740. The second light-emitting portion 700 may further include at least one of a second HTL (HTL2) 720 disposed between CGL680 and EML2 740, a second ETL (ETL2) 760 disposed between the second electrode 520 and EML2 740, and an EIL 770 disposed between the second electrode 520 and ETL2 760. Alternatively, the second light-emitting portion 700 may further include a second EBL (EBL2) 730 disposed between HTL2 720 and EML2 740, and / or a second HBL (HBL2) 750 disposed between EML2 740 and ETL2 760.

[0343] At least one of EML1 640 and EML2 740 may include a dopant 742, a first body 744, and / or a second body 746 to emit green or yellow-green. The other of EML1 640 and EML2 740 may emit blue, enabling OLED D2 to achieve white (W) emission. OLED D2 in which EML2 740 emits green or yellow-green will be described in detail below.

[0344] HIL 610 is disposed between the first electrode 510 and HTL 1620 and can improve the interface properties between the inorganic first electrode 510 and the organic HTL 1620. In an exemplary embodiment, HIL 610 may include, but is not limited to, MTDATA, NATA, 1T-NATA, 2T-NATA, CuPc, TCTA, NPB (NPD), HAT-CN, TDAPB, PEDOT / PSS, F4TCNQ, N-(biphenyl-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-N-(4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)phenyl)-9H-fluorene-2-amine, NPNPB, and / or combinations thereof. Depending on the characteristics of OLED D2, HIL 610 may be omitted.

[0345] Each of HTL1 620 and HTL2 720 may include, but is not limited to, TPD, NPB (NPD), DNTPD, CBP, Poly-TPD, TFB, TAPC, DCDPA, N-(biphenyl-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-N-(4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)phenyl)-9H-fluorene-2-amine, N-(biphenyl-4-yl)-N-(4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)phenyl)biphenyl-4-amine, N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-N-(4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)phenyl)-9H-fluorene-2-amine, spiro-fluorene compounds represented by Formula 12, and / or combinations thereof.

[0346] Each of ETL1 660 and ETL2 760 respectively promotes electron transport in each of the first light-emitting portion 600 and the second light-emitting portion 700. As an example, each of ETL1 660 and ETL2 760 may independently contain, but is not limited to, at least one of oxadiazole compounds, triazole compounds, phenanthroline compounds, benzoxazole compounds, benzothiazole compounds, benzimidazole compounds, triazine compounds, and / or similar compounds. For example, each of ETL1 660 and ETL2 770 may each contain, but is not limited to, Alq3, BaAlq, Liq, PBD, spiro-PBD, TPBi, Bphen, NBphen, BCP, TAZ, NTAZ, TpPyPB, TmPPPyTz, PFNBr, TPQ, TSPO1, ZADN, and / or combinations thereof.

[0347] EIL 770 is disposed between the second electrode 520 and ETL2 760 and can improve the physical properties of the second electrode 520, thereby improving the lifetime of OLED D2. In one exemplary embodiment, EIL 770 may include, but is not limited to, alkali metal halides or alkaline earth metal halides such as LiF, CsF, NaF, BaF2, and / or the like, and / or organometallic compounds such as Liq, lithium benzoate, lithium stearate, and / or the like.

[0348] Each of EBL1 630 and EBL2 730 may independently include, but is not limited to, TCTA, tris[4-(diethylamino)phenyl]amine, N-(biphenyl-4-yl)-9,9-dimethyl-N-(4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)phenyl)-9H-fluorene-2-amine, TAPC, MTDATA, mCP, mCBP, CuPc, DNTPD, TDAPB, DCDPA, 2,8-bis(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)dibenzo[b,d]thiophene, and / or combinations thereof.

[0349] Each of HBL1 650 and HBL2 750 may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: oxadiazoles, triazoles, phenanthrolines, benzoxazoles, benzothiazoles, benzimidazoles, and triazines, which may each be used in ETL1 660 and ETL2 760. For example, each of HBL1 650 and HBL2 750 may independently include, but is not limited to, Alq3, BAlq, Liq, PBD, spiro-PBD, BCP, B3PYMPM, DPEPO, 9-(6-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)pyridin-3-yl)-9H-3,9'-biscarbazole, TSPO1, and / or combinations thereof.

[0350] CGL 680 is disposed between the first light-emitting part 600 and the second light-emitting part 700. CGL 680 includes an N-type CGL (N-CGL) 685 disposed adjacent to the first light-emitting part 600 and a P-type CGL (P-CGL) 690 disposed adjacent to the second light-emitting part 700. N-CGL 685 injects electrons into EML1 640 of the first light-emitting part 600, and P-CGL 690 injects holes into EML2 740 of the second light-emitting part 700.

[0351] N-CGL 685 can be an organic layer doped with alkali metals such as Li, Na, K, and Cs and / or alkaline earth metals such as Mg, Sr, Ba, and Ra. The main components of N-CGL 685 may include, but are not limited to, Bphen and / or MTDATA. Based on the total weight of the components in N-CGL 685, the content of alkali metals and / or alkaline earth metals in N-CGL 685 can be between about 0.01% by weight and about 30% by weight.

[0352] P-CGL 690 may include, but is not limited to, the option of WO. x MoO x Inorganic materials consisting of V2O5 and combinations thereof, and / or organic materials selected from NPD, HAT-CN, F4TCNQ, TPD, N,N,N',N'-tetranaphthalenebenzidine (TNB), TCTA, N,N'-dioctyl-3,4,9,10-peryldicarboximide (PTCDI-C8) and combinations thereof.

[0353] EML1 640 can be a blue EML. In this case, EML1 640 can be a blue EML, a sky blue EML, or a dark blue EML. EML1 640 may include a blue body and blue dopants.

[0354] For example, the blue body may include, but is not limited to, mCP, 9-(3-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)phenyl)-9H-carbazole-3-onitrile (mCP-CN), mCBP, CBP-CN, 9-(3-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)phenyl)-3-(diphenylphosphineoxy)-9H–carbazole (mCPPO1), 3,5-bis(9H-carbazole-9-yl)biphenyl (Ph-mCP), TSPO1, 9-(3'-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)-[1,1'- Biphenyl[3-yl]-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (CzBPCb), bis(2-methylphenyl)diphenylsilane (UGH-1), 1,4-bis(triphenylsilyl)benzene (UGH-2), 1,3-bis(triphenylsilyl)benzene (UGH-3), 9,9-spirobisfluorene-2-yl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide (SPPO1), 9,9'-(5-(triphenylsilyl)-1,3-phenylene)bis(9H-carbazole) (SimCP), and combinations thereof.

[0355] Blue dopants may include at least one of blue phosphorescent materials, blue fluorescent materials, and blue delayed fluorescent materials. As examples, blue dopants may include, but are not limited to, perylene, 4,4'-bis[4-(di-p-tolylamino)styryl]biphenyl (DPAVBi), 4-(di-p-tolylamino)-4-4'-[(di-p-tolylamino)styryl]stilbene (DPAVB), 4,4'-bis[4-(diphenylamino)styryl]biphenyl (BDAVBi), and 2,7-bis(4-diphenylamino)styryl)-9,9-heterocyclic fluorene (spiro-DP). VBi), [1,4-bis[2-[4-[N,N-di(p-tolyl)amino]phenyl]vinyl]benzene (DSB), 1,4-bis-[4-(N,N-diphenyl)amino]styrylbenzene (DSA), 2,5,8,11-tetra-tert-butylperylene (TBPe), bis(2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-pyridine)beryllium (Bepp2), 9-(9-phenylcarbazole-3-yl)-10-(naphth-1-yl)anthracene (PCAN), hydroxyl-tris(1- phenyl-3-methylimidazolin-2-pylidene-C,C(2)'iridium(III)(mer-Tris(1-phenyl-3-methylimidazolin-2-ylidene-C,C(2)'iridium(III), mer-Ir(pmi)3), facet-tris(1,3-diphenyl-benzimidazolin-2-pylidene-C,C(2)'iridium(III)(fac-Tris(1,3-diphenyl- benzimidazolin-2-ylidene-C,C(2)'iridium(III), fac-Ir(dpbic)3), bis(3,4,5-trifluoro-2-(2-pyridyl)phenyl-(2-carboxypyridyl)iridium(III))(Ir(tfpd)2pic), tris(2-(4,6-difluorophenyl)pyridine)iridium(III))(Ir(Fppy)3), bis[2-(4,6-difluorophenyl)pyridine-C 2 Iridium(III) (FIrpic), and / or combinations thereof, [N](pyridinecarboxylic acid)iridium(III) (FIrpic).

[0356] EML2 740 may include a lower EML (first layer) 740A disposed between EBL2 730 and HBL2 750, and an upper EML (second layer) 740B disposed between the lower EML 740A and HBL2 750. One of the lower EML 740A and the upper EML 740B may emit red, and the other of the lower EML 740A and the upper EML 740B may emit green. The EML2 740 in which the lower EML 740A emits red and the upper EML 740B emits green will be described in detail below.

[0357] EML 740A may include a red host and red dopants. The red host may include, but is not limited to, mCP-CN, CBP, mCBP, mCP, DPEPO, 2,8-bis(diphenylphospho)dibenzothiophene (PPT), 1,3,5-tris[(3-pyridyl)-phenol-3-yl]benzene (TmPyPB), 2,6-bis(9H-carbazole-9-yl)pyridine (PYD-2Cz), 2,8-bis(9H-carbazole-9-yl)dibenzothiophene (DCzDBT), 3',5'-bis(carbazole-9-yl) )-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3,5-dicarboxynitrile (DCzTPA), 4'-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)biphenyl-3,5-dicarboxynitrile (pCzB-2CN), 3'-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)biphenyl-3,5-dicarboxynitrile (mCzB-2CN), TSPO1, 9-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-6-yl)-9H-carbazole (CCP), 4-(3-(triphenyl) Benzene-2-yl)phenyl)dibenzo[b,d]thiophene, 9-(4-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)phenyl)-9H-3,9'-biscarbazole, 9-(3-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)phenyl)-9H-3,9'-biscarbazole, 9-(6-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)pyridin-3-yl)-9H-3,9'-biscarbazole, 9,9'-diphenyl-9H,9'H-3,3'-biscarbazole (BCzPh), 1,3,5-tris(carbazole- 9-yl)benzene (TCP), TCTA, 4,4'-bis(carbazole-9-yl)-2,2'-dimethylbiphenyl (CDBP), 2,7-bis(carbazole-9-yl)-9,9-dimethylfluorene (DMFL-CBP), 2,2',7,7'-tetra(carbazole-9-yl)-9,9-spirofluorene (Spiro-CBP), 3,6-bis(carbazole-9-yl)-9-(2-ethylhexyl)-9H-carbazole (TCz1), and / or combinations thereof.

[0358] Red dopants may include at least one of red phosphorescent materials, red fluorescent materials, and red delayed fluorescent materials. As an example, red dopant may include, but is not limited to: [bis(2-(4,6-dimethyl)phenylquinoline)](2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-diketoic acid)iridium(III), bis[2-(4-n-hexylphenyl)quinoline](acetylacetonate)iridium(III))(Hex-Ir(phq)2(acac)), tris[2-(4-n-hexylphenyl)quinoline]iridium(III))(Hex-Ir(phq)3), tris[2-phenyl-4-methylquinoline]iridium(III))(Ir(Mphq)3, bis(2-phenylquinoline)(2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptene-3,5-diketoic acid)iridium(III))(Ir(dpm)PQ2, bis(phenylisoquinoline)(2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptene-3,5-diketoic acid)iridium(III))(Ir(dpm))(piq 2), (bis[(4-n-hexylphenyl)isoquinoline](acetylacetonate)iridium(III))(Hex-Ir(piq)2(acac)), tri[2-(4-n-hexylphenyl)quinoline]iridium(III))(Hex-Ir(piq)3), tri(2-(3-methylphenyl)-7-methylquinoline)iridium(Ir(dmpq)3), bis[2-(2-methylphenyl)-7-methylquinoline](acetylacetonate)iridium(III))(Ir(dmpq)2(acac)), bis[2-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-methylquinoline](acetylacetonate)iridium(III))(Ir(mphmq)2(acac)), tri(dibenzoylmethane)mono(1,10-phenanthroline)eupy(III))(Eu(dbm)3(phen)), and / or combinations thereof.

[0359] The upper EML 740B may include a dopant 742, a first host 744, and / or a second host 746. The dopant 742 is an organometallic compound of a green phosphorescent material having one of the structures represented by Formulas 1 to 6. The first host 744 is a (hetero)aryl-amine-based organo compound with a p-type host having the structure represented by Formulas 7 to 8. The second host 746 is an azazine-based organo compound with an n-type host having the structure represented by Formulas 9 to 11.

[0360] As an example, based on the total weight of the components in the upper EML 740B, the content of the host components, including the first host 744 and the second host 746, in the upper EML 740B can be, but is not limited to, between about 50% by weight and about 99% by weight, for example, between about 80% by weight and about 95% by weight. Based on the total weight of the components in the upper EML 740B, the content of the dopant in the upper EML 740B can be, but is not limited to, between about 1% by weight and about 50% by weight, for example, between about 5% by weight and about 20% by weight. When the upper EML 740B includes the first host 744 and the second host 746, the first host 744 and the second host 746 can be, but is not limited to, mixed in a weight ratio of about 4:1 to about 1:4, for example, in a weight ratio of about 3:1 to about 1:3.

[0361] Alternatively, EML2 740 may further include an intermediate luminescent material layer (third layer) of a yellow-green EML disposed between the lower EML 740A red EML and the upper EML 740B green EML. Figure 6 740C (in the middle).

[0362] An exemplary embodiment of the OLED D2 according to this disclosure has a tandem structure. At least one EML includes a dopant 742 having advantageous light-emitting properties, and a first body 744 and / or a second body 746 having advantageous charge and energy transfer properties. By combining the dopant 742, which has a rigid chemical conformation and can facilitate the modulation of emission color, with the first body 744 and / or the second body 746 having advantageous light-emitting properties, the OLED D2 can reduce its driving voltage and can improve its luminous efficiency and luminous lifetime.

[0363] OLEDs can have three or more light-emitting elements to form a series structure. Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting diode according to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 6 As shown, the OLED D3 includes a first electrode 510 and a second electrode 520 facing each other, and a light-emitting layer 530' disposed between the first electrode 510 and the second electrode 520. The light-emitting layer 530' includes a first light-emitting portion 600 disposed between the first electrode 510 and the second electrode 520, a second light-emitting portion 700' disposed between the first light-emitting portion 600 and the second electrode 520, a third light-emitting portion 800 disposed between the second light-emitting portion 700' and the second electrode 520, a first charge-generating layer (CGL1) 680 disposed between the first light-emitting portion 600 and the second light-emitting portion 700', and a second charge-generating layer (CGL2) 780 disposed between the second light-emitting portion 700' and the third light-emitting portion 800.

[0364] The first light-emitting portion 600 includes a first EML (EML1) 640. The first light-emitting portion 600 may further include at least one of the following: a HIL 610 disposed between the first electrode 510 and EML1 640; a first HTL (HTL1) 620 disposed between HIL 610 and EML1 640; and a first ETL (ETL1) 660 disposed between EML1 640 and CGL 680. Alternatively, the first light-emitting portion 600 may further include a first EBL (EBL1) 630 disposed between HTL1 620 and EML1 640; and / or a first HBL (HBL1) 650 disposed between EML1 640 and ETL1 660.

[0365] The second light-emitting portion 700' includes a second EML (EML2) 740'. The second light-emitting portion 700' may further include at least one of a second HTL (HTL2) 720 disposed between CGL1 680 and EML2 740', and a second ETL (ETL2) 760 disposed between the second electrode 520 and EML2 740'. Alternatively, the second light-emitting portion 700' may further include a second EBL (EBL2) 730 disposed between HTL2 720 and EML2 740', and / or a second HBL (HBL2) 750 disposed between EML2 740' and ETL2 760.

[0366] The third light-emitting part 800 includes a third EML (EML3) 840. The third light-emitting part 800 may further include at least one of a third HTL (HTL3) 820 disposed between CGL2780 and EML3 840, a third ETL (ETL3) 860 disposed between the second electrode 520 and EML3 840, and an EIL 870 disposed between the second electrode 520 and ETL3 860. Alternatively, the third light-emitting part 800 may further include a third EBL (EBL3) 830 disposed between HTL3 820 and EML3 840, and / or a third HBL (HBL3) 850 disposed between EML3 840 and ETL3 860.

[0367] At least one of EML1 640, EML2 740', and EML3 840 may include a dopant 742, a first body 744, and / or a second body 746 to emit green or yellow-green. Furthermore, another of EML1 640, EML2 740', and EML3 840 emits blue, thus OLED D3 can achieve white emission. The OLED emitting green or yellow-green from EML2 740' will be described in detail below.

[0368] CGL1 680 is disposed between the first light-emitting part 600 and the second light-emitting part 700', and CGL2 780 is disposed between the second light-emitting part 700' and the third light-emitting part 800. CGL1 680 includes a first N-type CGL (N-CGL1) 685 disposed adjacent to the first light-emitting part 600 and a first P-type CGL (P-CGL1) 690 disposed adjacent to the second light-emitting part 700'. CGL2 780 includes a second N-type CGL (N-CGL2) 785 disposed adjacent to the second light-emitting part 700' and a second P-type CGL (P-CGL2) 790 disposed adjacent to the third light-emitting part 800. Each of N-CGL1 685 and N-CGL2 785 injects electrons into the EML1 640 of the first light-emitting part 600 and the EML2 740' of the second light-emitting part 700', respectively. Each of P-CGL1 690 and P-CGL2 790 injects holes into EML2 740' of the second light-emitting part 700' and EML3 840 of the third light-emitting part 800, respectively.

[0369] Each of EML1 640 and EML3 840 can be independently a blue EML. In this case, each of EML1 640 and EML3 840 can be independently a blue EML, a sky-blue EML, or a dark blue EML. Each of EML1 640 and EML3 840 can independently include a blue body and a blue dopant. Each of the blue body and the blue dopant can be combined with, for example... Figure 5 The blue body and the blue dopant shown are identical. For example, the blue dopant may include at least one of blue phosphorescent material, blue fluorescent material, and blue delayed fluorescent material. Alternatively, the blue dopant in EML1 640 may be the same as or different from the blue dopant in EML3 840 in terms of color and / or luminous efficiency.

[0370] EML2 740' may include a lower EML (first layer) 740A disposed between EBL2 730 and HBL2 750, and an upper EML (second layer) 740B disposed between the lower EML 740A and HBL2 750. Optionally, an intermediate EML (third layer) 740C is disposed between the lower EML 740A and the upper EML 740B. One of the lower EML 740A and the upper EML 740B may emit red, and the other of the lower EML 740A and the upper EML 740B may emit green. In the following, EML2 740' in which the lower EML 740A emits red and the upper EML 740B emits green will be described in detail.

[0371] The EML 740A may include a red body and a red dopant. Each of the red body and the red dopant can be coupled with, for example, a red dopant. Figure 5The red host and red dopant shown are identical. For example, the red dopant may include at least one of red phosphorescent material, red fluorescent material, and red delayed fluorescent material.

[0372] The upper EML 740B may include a dopant 742, a first host 744, and / or a second host 746. The dopant 742 is an organometallic compound of a green phosphorescent material having a structure represented by Formulas 1 to 6. The first host 744 is a (hetero)aryl-amine-based organo compound with a p-type host having a structure represented by Formulas 7 to 8. The second host 746 is an azazine-based organo compound with an n-type host having a structure represented by one of Formulas 9 to 11.

[0373] As an example, based on the total weight of the components in the upper EML 740B, the content of the host components, including the first host 744 and the second host 746, in the upper EML 740B can be, but is not limited to, between about 50% by weight and about 99% by weight, for example, between about 80% by weight and about 95% by weight. Based on the total weight of the components in the upper EML 740B, the content of the dopant in the upper EML 740B can be, but is not limited to, between about 1% by weight and about 50% by weight, for example, between about 5% by weight and about 20% by weight. When the upper EML 740B includes the first host 744 and the second host 746, the first host 744 and the second host 746 can be, but is not limited to, mixed in a weight ratio of about 4:1 to about 1:4, for example, in a weight ratio of about 3:1 to about 1:3.

[0374] The intermediate EML 740C can be a yellow-green EML and may include a yellow-green body and a yellow-green dopant. As an example, the yellow-green body can be the same as a red body. The yellow-green dopant may include at least one of a yellow-green phosphorescent material, a yellow-green fluorescent material, and a yellow-green delayed fluorescent material. The intermediate EML 740C may be omitted.

[0375] In an OLED D3, at least one EML includes a dopant 742, a first host 744, and / or a second host 746 having advantageous light-emitting properties. The dopant 742 can maintain its stable chemical conformation during light emission. An OLED D3 including a dopant 742 with advantageous light-emitting properties, as well as a first host 744 and / or a second host 746, can achieve white light emission with improved luminous efficiency and lifetime.

[0376] Synthesis Example 1: Synthesis of Compound 1

[0377] (1) Synthesis of intermediate A-1

[0378] [Reaction 1-1]

[0379]

[0380] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compounds SM-1 (7.34 g, 20 mmol), SM-2 (2.27 g, 20 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(O) (Pd(PPh3)4, 1.2 g, 1 mmol), K2CO3 (8.3 g, 60 mmol), and a mixed solvent of toluene (200 mL) and water (50 mL) were added to a 500 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then heated and refluxed with stirring for 12 hours. The organic layer was extracted with chloroform and washed with water. Water was removed with anhydrous MgSO4, the dried organic layer was filtered, and the organic solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was then purified by column chromatography to give intermediate A-1 (6.05 g, yield: 95%).

[0381] (2) Synthesis of intermediate I-1

[0382] [Reaction 1-2]

[0383]

[0384] Compound SM-3 (3.10 g, 20 mmol), IrCl3 (2.39 g, 8.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of ethoxyethanol (90 mL) and water (30 mL) were added to a 250 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 16 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, and methanol was added to facilitate filtration of the solid produced under reduced pressure to give intermediate I-1 (9.56 g, yield: 89%) in solid form.

[0385] (3) Synthesis of intermediate I-2

[0386] [Reaction Formula 1-3]

[0387]

[0388] Intermediate I-1 (5.16 g, 4.8 mmol), silver trifluoromethanesulfonate (AgOTf, 3.6 g, 14.3 mmol), and dichloromethane were added to a 1000 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was filtered through diatomaceous earth to remove the solid. The solvent was removed by vacuum distillation to give intermediate I-2 (6.03 g, yield: 88%) in solid form.

[0389] (4) Synthesis of Compound 1

[0390] [Reaction Equations 1-4]

[0391]

[0392] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, intermediates A-1 (1.11 g, 3.5 mmol), I-2 (2.15 g, 3.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 100 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 48 hours. After the reaction was complete, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the solvent was removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent: toluene and hexane) to give compound 1 (2.01 g, yield: 82%).

[0393] Synthesis Example 2: Synthesis of Compound 2

[0394] (1) Synthesis of intermediate B-1

[0395] [Reaction 2-1]

[0396]

[0397] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compounds SM-1 (7.34 g, 20 mmol), SM-4 (2.54 g, 20 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4 (1.2 g, 1 mmol), K2CO3 (8.3 g, 60 mmol), and a mixed solvent of toluene (200 mL) and water (50 mL) were added to a 500 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then heated and refluxed with stirring for 12 hours. The organic layer was extracted with chloroform and washed with water. Water was removed with anhydrous MgSO4, the dried organic layer was filtered, and the organic solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was then purified by column chromatography to give intermediate B-1 (6.17 g, yield: 93%).

[0398] (2) Synthesis of compound 2

[0399] [Reaction 2-2]

[0400]

[0401] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, intermediate B-1 (1.16 g, 3.5 mmol), intermediate I-2 (2.15 g, 3.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 100 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 48 hours. After the reaction was complete, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the solvent was removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent: toluene and hexane) to give compound 2 (2.02 g, yield: 81%).

[0402] Synthesis Example 3: Synthesis of Compound 16

[0403] (1) Synthesis of intermediate C-1

[0404] [Reaction 3-1]

[0405]

[0406] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compounds SM-5 (7.34 g, 20 mmol), SM-2 (2.27 g, 20 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4 (1.2 g, 1 mmol), K2CO3 (8.3 g, 60 mmol), and a mixed solvent of toluene (200 mL) and water (50 mL) were added to a 500 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then heated and refluxed with stirring for 12 hours. The organic layer was extracted with chloroform and washed with water. Water was removed with anhydrous MgSO4, the dried organic layer was filtered, and the organic solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was then purified by column chromatography to give intermediate C-1 (5.66 g, yield: 93%).

[0407] (2) Synthesis of compound 16

[0408] [Reaction 3-2]

[0409]

[0410] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, intermediate C-1 (1.12 g, 3.5 mmol), intermediate I-2 (2.15 g, 3.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 100 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 48 hours. After the reaction was complete, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the solvent was removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent: toluene and hexane) to give compound 16 (2.02 g, yield: 81%).

[0411] Synthesis Example 4: Synthesis of Compound 17

[0412] (1) Synthesis of intermediate D-1

[0413] [Reaction 4-1]

[0414]

[0415] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compounds SM-5 (7.34 g, 20 mmol), SM-4 (2.54 g, 20 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4 (1.2 g, 1 mmol), K2CO3 (8.3 g, 60 mmol), and a mixed solvent of toluene (200 mL) and water (50 mL) were added to a 500 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then heated and refluxed with stirring for 12 hours. The organic layer was extracted with chloroform and washed with water. Water was removed with anhydrous MgSO4, the dried organic layer was filtered off, and the organic solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was then purified by column chromatography to give intermediate D-1 (5.86 g, yield: 88%).

[0416] (2) Synthesis of compound 17

[0417] [Reaction 4-2]

[0418]

[0419] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, intermediates D-1 (1.17 g, 3.5 mmol), I-2 (2.15 g, 3.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 100 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 48 hours. After the reaction was complete, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the solvent was removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent: toluene and hexane) to give compound 17 (2.25 g, yield: 90%).

[0420] Synthesis Example 5: Synthesis of Compound 27

[0421] (1) Synthesis of intermediate E-1

[0422] [Reaction Formula 5-1]

[0423]

[0424] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compounds SM-1 (7.34 g, 20 mmol), SM-6 (4.08 g, 20 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4 (1.2 g, 1 mmol), K2CO3 (8.3 g, 60 mmol), and a mixed solvent of toluene (200 mL) and water (50 mL) were added to a 500 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then heated and refluxed with stirring for 12 hours. The organic layer was extracted with chloroform and washed with water. Water was removed with anhydrous MgSO4, the dried organic layer was filtered, and the organic solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was then purified by column chromatography to give intermediate E-1 (7.34 g, yield: 90%).

[0425] (2) Synthesis of compound 27

[0426] [Reaction 5-2]

[0427]

[0428] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, intermediates E-1 (1.43 g, 3.5 mmol), I-2 (2.15 g, 3.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 100 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 48 hours. After the reaction was complete, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the solvent was removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent: toluene and hexane) to give compound 27 (2.45 g, yield: 90%).

[0429] Synthesis Example 6: Synthesis of Compound 32

[0430] (1) Synthesis of intermediate F-1

[0431] [Reaction 6-1]

[0432]

[0433] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compounds SM-1 (7.34 g, 20 mmol), SM-7 (4.24 g, 20 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4 (1.2 g, 1 mmol), K2CO3 (8.3 g, 60 mmol), and a mixed solvent of toluene (200 mL) and water (50 mL) were added to a 500 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then heated and refluxed with stirring for 12 hours. The organic layer was extracted with chloroform and washed with water. Water was removed with anhydrous MgSO4, the dried organic layer was filtered, and the organic solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was then purified by column chromatography to give intermediate F-1 (7.67 g, yield: 92%).

[0434] (2) Synthesis of intermediate J-1

[0435] [Reaction 6-2]

[0436]

[0437] Compound SM-8 (3.38 g, 20 mmol), IrCl3 (2.39 g, 8.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of ethoxyethanol (90 mL) and water (30 mL) were added to a 250 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 16 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, and methanol was added to facilitate filtration of the solid produced under reduced pressure to give intermediate J-1 (4.07 g, yield: 90%) in solid form.

[0438] (3) Synthesis of intermediate J-2

[0439] [Reaction 6-3]

[0440]

[0441] Intermediate J-1 (5.16 g, 4.8 mmol), silver trifluoromethanesulfonate (AgOTf, 3.6 g, 14.3 mmol), and dichloromethane were added to a 1000 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was filtered through diatomaceous earth to remove the solid. The solvent was removed by vacuum distillation to give intermediate J-2 (6.03 g, yield: 88%) in solid form.

[0442] (4) Synthesis of compound 32

[0443] [Reaction 6-4]

[0444]

[0445] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, intermediates F-1 (1.46 g, 3.5 mmol), J-2 (2.23 g, 3.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 100 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 48 hours. After the reaction was complete, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the solvent was removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent: toluene and hexane) to give compound 32 (2.47 g, yield: 87%).

[0446] Synthesis Example 7: Synthesis of Compound 34

[0447] (1) Synthesis of intermediate G-1

[0448] [Reaction Formula 7-1]

[0449]

[0450] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compounds SM-1 (7.34 g, 20 mmol), SM-9 (4.24 g, 20 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4 (1.2 g, 1 mmol), K2CO3 (8.3 g, 60 mmol), and a mixed solvent of toluene (200 mL) and water (50 mL) were added to a 500 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then heated and refluxed with stirring for 12 hours. The organic layer was extracted with chloroform and washed with water. Water was removed with anhydrous MgSO4, the dried organic layer was filtered, and the organic solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was then purified by column chromatography to give intermediate G-1 (7.53 g, yield: 91%).

[0451] (2) Synthesis of compound 34

[0452] [Reaction 7-2]

[0453]

[0454] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, intermediates G-1 (1.45 g, 3.5 mmol), J-2 (2.23 g, 3.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 100 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 48 hours. After the reaction was complete, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the solvent was removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent: toluene and hexane) to give compound 34 (2.26 g, yield: 80%).

[0455] Synthesis Example 8: Synthesis of Compound 35

[0456] (1) Synthesis of intermediate H-1

[0457] [Reaction Equation 8-1]

[0458]

[0459] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compounds SM-1 (7.34 g, 20 mmol), SM-10 (4.14 g, 20 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4 (1.2 g, 1 mmol), K2CO3 (8.3 g, 60 mmol), and a mixed solvent of toluene (200 mL) and water (50 mL) were added to a 500 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then heated and refluxed with stirring for 12 hours. The organic layer was extracted with chloroform and washed with water. Water was removed with anhydrous MgSO4, the dried organic layer was filtered, and the organic solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was then purified by column chromatography to give intermediate H-1 (7.83 g, yield: 95%).

[0460] (2) Synthesis of compound 35

[0461] [Reaction Equation 8-2]

[0462]

[0463] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, intermediates H-1 (1.44 g, 3.5 mmol), J-2 (2.23 g, 3.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 100 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 48 hours. After the reaction was complete, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the solvent was removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent: toluene and hexane) to give compound 35 (2.28 g, yield: 81%).

[0464] Synthesis Example 9: Synthesis of Compound 136

[0465] (1) Synthesis of intermediate A-2

[0466] [Reaction 9-1]

[0467]

[0468] Intermediate A-1 (6.36 g, 20 mmol), IrCl3 (2.39 g, 8.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of ethoxyethanol (90 mL) and water (30 mL) were added to a 250 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 16 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, and methanol was added to facilitate filtration of the solid produced under reduced pressure to give intermediate A-2 (5.53 g, yield: 80%) in solid form.

[0469] (2) Synthesis of intermediate A-3

[0470] [Reaction 9-2]

[0471]

[0472] Intermediate A-2 (8.29 g, 4.8 mmol), silver trifluoromethanesulfonate (AgOTf, 3.6 g, 14.3 mmol), and dichloromethane were added to a 1000 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was filtered through diatomaceous earth to remove the solid. The solvent was removed by vacuum distillation to give intermediate A-3 (7.99 g, yield: 80%) in solid form.

[0473] (3) Synthesis of compound 136

[0474] [Reaction 9-3]

[0475]

[0476] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compound L-1 (0.54 g, 3.5 mmol), intermediate A-3 (3.12 g, 3.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 100 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 48 hours. After the reaction was complete, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the solvent was removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent: toluene and hexane) to give compound 136 (2.46 g, yield: 80%).

[0477] Synthesis Example 10: Synthesis of Compound 137

[0478] [Reaction Formula 10]

[0479]

[0480] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compound L-2 (0.35 g, 3.5 mmol), intermediate A-3 (3.12 g, 3.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 100 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 48 hours. After the reaction was complete, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the solvent was removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent: toluene and hexane) to give compound 137 (2.22 g, yield: 80%).

[0481] Synthesis Example 11: Synthesis of Compound 141

[0482] (1) Synthesis of intermediate C-2

[0483] [Reaction Formula 11-1]

[0484]

[0485] Intermediate C-1 (6.36 g, 20 mmol), IrCl3 (2.39 g, 8.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of ethoxyethanol (90 mL) and water (30 mL) were added to a 250 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 16 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, and methanol was added to facilitate filtration of the solid produced under reduced pressure to give intermediate C-2 (5.32 g, yield: 77%) in solid form.

[0486] (2) Synthesis of intermediate C-3

[0487] [Reaction 11-2]

[0488]

[0489] Intermediate C-2 (8.29 g, 4.8 mmol), silver trifluoromethanesulfonate (AgOTf, 3.6 g, 14.3 mmol), and dichloromethane were added to a 1000 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was filtered through diatomaceous earth to remove the solid. The solvent was removed by vacuum distillation to give intermediate C-3 (7.29 g, yield: 72%) in solid form.

[0490] (3) Synthesis of compound 141

[0491] [Reaction 11-3]

[0492]

[0493] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compound L-1 (0.54 g, 3.5 mmol), intermediate C-3 (3.13 g, 3.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 100 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 48 hours. After the reaction was complete, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the solvent was removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent: toluene and hexane) to give compound 141 (2.45 g, yield: 83%).

[0494] Synthesis Example 12: Synthesis of Compound 142

[0495] (1) Synthesis of intermediate D-2

[0496] [Reaction 12-1]

[0497]

[0498] Intermediate D-1 (6.64 g, 20 mmol), IrCl3 (2.39 g, 8.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of ethoxyethanol (90 mL) and water (30 mL) were added to a 250 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 16 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, and methanol was added to facilitate filtration of the solid produced under reduced pressure to give intermediate D-2 (5.71 g, yield: 80%) in solid form.

[0499] (2) Synthesis of intermediate D-3

[0500] [Reaction 12-2]

[0501]

[0502] Intermediate D-2 (8.58 g, 4.8 mmol), silver trifluoromethanesulfonate (AgOTf, 3.6 g, 14.3 mmol), and dichloromethane were added to a 1000 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was filtered through diatomaceous earth to remove the solid. The solvent was removed by vacuum distillation to give intermediate D-3 (7.09 g, yield: 69%) in solid form.

[0503] (3) Synthesis of compound 142

[0504] [Reaction 12-3]

[0505]

[0506] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compound L-2 (0.35 g, 3.5 mmol), intermediate D-3 (3.21 g, 3.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 100 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 48 hours. After the reaction was complete, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the solvent was removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent: toluene and hexane) to give compound 142 (2.12 g, yield: 74%).

[0507] Synthesis Example 13: Synthesis of Compound 147

[0508] (1) Synthesis of intermediate E-2

[0509] [Reaction Formula 13-1]

[0510]

[0511] Intermediate E-1 (8.16 g, 20 mmol), IrCl3 (2.39 g, 8.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of ethoxyethanol (90 mL) and water (30 mL) were added to a 250 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 16 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, and methanol was added to facilitate filtration of the solid produced under reduced pressure to give intermediate E-2 (7.26 g, yield: 87%) in solid form.

[0512] (2) Synthesis of intermediate E-3

[0513] [Reaction 13-2]

[0514]

[0515] Intermediate E-2 (10.0 g, 4.8 mmol), silver trifluoromethanesulfonate (AgOTf, 3.6 g, 14.3 mmol), and dichloromethane were added to a 1000 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was filtered through diatomaceous earth to remove the solid. The solvent was removed by vacuum distillation to give intermediate E-3 (8.91 g, yield: 76%) in solid form.

[0516] (3) Synthesis of compound 147

[0517] [Reaction 13-3]

[0518]

[0519] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compound L-2 (0.35 g, 3.5 mmol), intermediate E-3 (3.36 g, 3.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 100 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 48 hours. After the reaction was complete, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the solvent was removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent: toluene and hexane) to give compound 147 (2.59 g, yield: 78%).

[0520] Synthesis Example 14: Synthesis of Compound 148

[0521] [Reaction Formula 14]

[0522]

[0523] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compound L-1 (0.54 g, 3.5 mmol), intermediate E-3 (3.36 g, 3.0 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 100 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 130 °C for 48 hours. After the reaction was complete, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the solvent was removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent: toluene and hexane) to give compound 148 (2.96 g, yield: 85%).

[0524] Synthesis Example 15: Synthesis of Compound 251

[0525] [Reaction Formula 15]

[0526]

[0527] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, intermediate J-2 (2.23 g, 3.0 mmol), intermediate A-1 (1.11 g, 3.5 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 150 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 135 °C for 18 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the water was removed with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The filtrate was treated under reduced pressure to obtain the crude product. The crude product was then purified by column chromatography (eluent: vinyl acetate:hexane, v / v ratio 25:75) to give compound 251 (2.31 g, yield: 91%).

[0528] Synthesis Example 16: Synthesis of Compound 252

[0529] [Reaction Formula 16]

[0530]

[0531] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, intermediates J-2 (2.23 g, 3.0 mmol), E-1 (1.43 g, 3.5 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 150 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 135 °C for 18 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the water was removed with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The filtrate was treated under reduced pressure to obtain the crude product. The crude product was then purified by column chromatography (eluent: vinyl acetate:hexane, v / v ratio 25:75) to give compound 252 (2.61 g, yield: 93%).

[0532] Synthesis Example 17: Synthesis of Compound 253

[0533] (1) Synthesis of intermediate K-1

[0534] [Reaction Formula 17-1]

[0535]

[0536] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compounds SM-1 (7.34 g, 20 mmol), SM-11 (3.79 g, 20 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4 (1.2 g, 1 mmol), K2CO3 (8.3 g, 60 mmol), and a mixed solvent of toluene (200 mL) and water (50 mL) were added to a 500 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then heated and refluxed with stirring for 12 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane, and washed with excess water. The water was removed with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the dried organic layer was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The concentrate was then purified by column chromatography to give intermediate K-1 (7.26 g, 92% yield).

[0537] (2) Synthesis of compound 253

[0538] [Reaction 17-2]

[0539]

[0540] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, intermediates J-2 (2.23 g, 3.0 mmol), K-1 (1.38 g, 3.5 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 150 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 135 °C for 18 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the water was removed with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The filtrate was treated under reduced pressure to obtain the crude product. The crude product was then purified by column chromatography (eluent: vinyl acetate:hexane, v / v ratio 25:75) to give compound 253 (2.55 g, yield: 92%).

[0541] Synthesis Example 18: Synthesis of Compound 254

[0542] (1) Synthesis of intermediate M-1

[0543] [Reaction Formula 18-1]

[0544]

[0545] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compounds SM-1 (7.34 g, 20 mmol), SM-12 (4.26 g, 20 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4 (1.2 g, 1 mmol), K2CO3 (8.3 g, 60 mmol), and a mixed solvent of toluene (200 mL) and water (50 mL) were added to a 500 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then heated and refluxed with stirring for 12 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane, and washed with excess water. The water was removed with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the dried organic layer was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The concentrate was then purified by column chromatography to give intermediate M-1 (7.04 g, 94% yield).

[0546] (2) Synthesis of compound 254

[0547] [Reaction 18-2]

[0548]

[0549] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, intermediates J-2 (2.23 g, 3.0 mmol), M-1 (1.43 g, 3.5 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 150 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 135 °C for 18 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the water was removed with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The filtrate was treated under reduced pressure to obtain the crude product. The crude product was then purified by column chromatography (eluent: vinyl acetate:hexane, v / v ratio 25:75) to give compound 254 (2.55 g, yield: 89%).

[0550] Synthesis Example 19: Synthesis of Compound 255

[0551] (1) Synthesis of intermediate N-1

[0552] [Reaction Formula 19-1]

[0553]

[0554] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compounds SM-13 (8.47 g, 20 mmol), SM-11 (3.79 g, 20 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4 (1.2 g, 1 mmol), K2CO3 (8.3 g, 60 mmol), and a mixed solvent of toluene (200 mL) and water (50 mL) were added to a 500 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then heated and refluxed with stirring for 12 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane, and washed with excess water. The water was removed with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the dried organic layer was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The concentrate was then purified by column chromatography to give intermediate N-1 (8.11 g, 90% yield).

[0555] (2) Synthesis of compound 255

[0556] [Reaction 19-2]

[0557]

[0558] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, intermediates J-2 (2.23 g, 3.0 mmol), N-1 (1.58 g, 3.5 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 150 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 135 °C for 18 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the water was removed with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The filtrate was treated under reduced pressure to obtain the crude product. The crude product was then purified by column chromatography (eluent: vinyl acetate:hexane, v / v ratio 25:75) to give compound 255 (2.55 g, yield: 87%).

[0559] Synthesis Example 20: Synthesis of Compound 256

[0560] (1) Synthesis of intermediate O-1

[0561] [Reaction Formula 20-1]

[0562]

[0563] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compounds SM-13 (8.47 g, 20 mmol), SM-14 (3.79 g, 20 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4 (1.2 g, 1 mmol), K2CO3 (8.3 g, 60 mmol), and a mixed solvent of toluene (200 mL) and water (50 mL) were added to a 500 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then heated and refluxed with stirring for 12 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane, and washed with excess water. The water was removed with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the dried organic layer was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The concentrate was then purified by column chromatography to give intermediate O-1 (8.20 g, 91% yield).

[0564] (2) Synthesis of compound 256

[0565] [Reaction 20-2]

[0566]

[0567] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, intermediates J-2 (2.23 g, 3.0 mmol), K-1 (1.38 g, 3.5 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 150 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 135 °C for 18 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the water was removed with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The filtrate was treated under reduced pressure to obtain the crude product. The crude product was then purified by column chromatography (eluent: vinyl acetate:hexane, v / v ratio 25:75) to give compound 256 (2.55 g, yield: 92%).

[0568] Synthesis Example 21: Synthesis of Compound 257

[0569] (1) Synthesis of intermediate P-1

[0570] [Reaction 21-1]

[0571]

[0572] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, compounds SM-15 (9.47 g, 20 mmol), SM-14 (3.79 g, 20 mmol), Pd(PPh3)4 (1.2 g, 1 mmol), K2CO3 (8.3 g, 60 mmol), and a mixed solvent of toluene (200 mL) and water (50 mL) were added to a 500 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then heated and refluxed with stirring for 12 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane, and washed with excess water. The water was removed with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the dried organic layer was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The concentrate was then purified by column chromatography to give intermediate P-1 (7.84 g, 87% yield).

[0573] (2) Synthesis of compound 257

[0574] [Reaction 21-2]

[0575]

[0576] Under a nitrogen atmosphere, intermediates J-2 (2.23 g, 3.0 mmol), P-1 (1.58 g, 3.5 mmol), and a mixed solvent of 2-ethoxyethanol (40 mL) and DMF (40 mL) were added to a 150 mL round-bottom flask. The solution was then stirred at 135 °C for 18 hours. After the reaction was complete, the solution was cooled to room temperature, the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane and washed with distilled water, and the water was removed with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The filtrate was treated under reduced pressure to obtain the crude product. The crude product was then purified by column chromatography (eluent: vinyl acetate:hexane, v / v ratio 25:75) to give compound 257 (2.67 g, yield: 91%).

[0577] Example 1 (Regarding Ex.1) Manufacturing of OLED

[0578] Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) were fabricated by incorporating GHH1 of Formula 8 as the first host, GEH1 of Formula 11 as the second host, and compound 251 from Synthesis Example 15 as a dopant into the light-emitting material layer (EML). A glass substrate coated with an ITO (100 nm) film was washed and ultrasonically cleaned with solvents such as isopropanol and acetone, and then dried in an oven at 100°C. The substrate was transferred to a vacuum chamber to deposit the light-emitting layer. Subsequently, an EML of approximately 5-7 × 10⁻⁶ nm was deposited. -7 Under Tor conditions, a light-emitting layer and a cathode are deposited by evaporation from a heated boat, with the deposition rate set to [value missing]. The order is as follows:

[0579] Hole injection layer (HIL) (hereinafter HI-1 (NPNPB), 100 nm thick); hole transport layer (HTL) (following HT-1, 350 nm thick); EML (body (first body: second body = 7:3 weight ratio, 90 wt%), dopant (compound 251, 10 wt%), 30 nm); ETL (hereinafter ET-1 (ZADN), 350 nm thick); EIL (Liq, 200 nm thick); and cathode (Al, 100 nm thick).

[0580] Example 2-12 (Regarding Ex.2-12): OLED Manufacturing

[0581] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex.2), GEH3 (regarding Ex.3), GEH4 (regarding Ex.4), GEH5 (regarding Ex.5), GEH6 (regarding Ex.6), GEH7 (regarding Ex.7), GEH8 (regarding Ex.8), GEH9 (regarding Ex.9), GEH10 (regarding Ex.10), GEH11 (regarding Ex.11), and GEH12 (regarding Ex.12) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML, instead of GEH1.

[0582] Comparative Example 1 (Ref. 1): OLED Manufacturing

[0583] The OLED was fabricated using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (CBP, 90% by weight) was used as the sole host in the EML, instead of GHH1 and GEH1.

[0584] The HIL material (HI-1), HTL material (HT-1), CBP, ETL material (ET-1), and EIL material (Liq) are shown below:

[0585]

[0586] Experimental Example 1: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0587] The 9mm-sized samples manufactured in Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Example 1 2 Each OLED with a luminescent area was connected to an external power supply. The luminescent characteristics of all OLEDs were then evaluated at room temperature using a constant current source (KEITHLEY) and a PR650 photometer. Specifically, at a current density of 10 mA / cm²... 2 The driving voltage (V), external quantum efficiency (EQE, relative value), and the time period during which the brightness decreased from the initial brightness to 95% (LT95, relative value) were measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0588] Table 1: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0589]

[0590]

[0591] As shown in Table 1, in OLEDs with EML including the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0592] Example 13 (Regarding Ex.13): OLED Manufacturing

[0593] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that GHH2 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0594] Examples 14-24 (Regarding Ex. 14-24): OLED Manufacturing

[0595] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 13, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 14), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 15), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 16), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 17), GEH6 (regarding Ex. 18), GEH7 (regarding Ex. 19), GEH8 (regarding Ex. 20), GEH9 (regarding Ex. 21), GEH10 (regarding Ex. 22), GEH11 (regarding Ex. 23), and GEH12 (regarding Ex. 24) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML, instead of GEH1.

[0596] Experimental Example 2: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0597] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 13 to 24 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0598] Table 2: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0599]

[0600] As shown in Table 2, in OLEDs whose EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0601] Example 25 (Regarding Ex.25): OLED Manufacturing

[0602] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that GHH3 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0603] Examples 26-36 (Regarding Ex. 26-36): OLED Manufacturing

[0604] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 25, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 26), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 27), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 28), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 29), GEH6 (regarding Ex. 30), GEH7 (regarding Ex. 31), GEH8 (regarding Ex. 32), GEH9 (regarding Ex. 33), GEH10 (regarding Ex. 34), GEH11 (regarding Ex. 35), and GEH12 (regarding Ex. 36) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML, instead of GEH1.

[0605] Experimental Example 3: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0606] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 25 to 36 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0607] Table 3: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0608]

[0609] As shown in Table 3, in OLEDs whose EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0610] Example 37 (Regarding Ex.37): OLED Manufacturing

[0611] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that GHH4 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0612] Examples 38-48 (Regarding Ex. 38-48): OLED Manufacturing

[0613] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 37, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 38), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 39), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 40), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 41), GEH6 (regarding Ex. 42), GEH7 (regarding Ex. 43), GEH8 (regarding Ex. 44), GEH9 (regarding Ex. 45), GEH10 (regarding Ex. 46), GEH11 (regarding Ex. 47), and GEH12 (regarding Ex. 48) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML, instead of GEH1.

[0614] Experimental Example 4: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0615] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 37 to 48 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0616] Table 4: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0617]

[0618] As shown in Table 4, in OLEDs whose EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0619] Example 49 (Regarding Ex.49): OLED Manufacturing

[0620] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that GHH5 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0621] Examples 50-60 (Regarding Ex. 50-60): OLED Manufacturing

[0622] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 49, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 50), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 51), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 52), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 53), GEH6 (regarding Ex. 54), GEH7 (regarding Ex. 55), GEH8 (regarding Ex. 56), GEH9 (regarding Ex. 57), GEH10 (regarding Ex. 58), GEH11 (regarding Ex. 59), and GEH12 (regarding Ex. 60) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML, instead of GEH1.

[0623] Experimental Example 5: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0624] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 49 to 60 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 5 below.

[0625] Table 5: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0626]

[0627] As shown in Table 5, in OLEDs whose EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0628] Example 61 (Regarding Ex. 61): OLED Manufacturing

[0629] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that GHH6 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0630] Examples 62-72 (Regarding Ex. 62-72): OLED Manufacturing

[0631] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 61, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 62), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 63), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 64), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 65), GEH6 (regarding Ex. 66), GEH7 (regarding Ex. 67), GEH8 (regarding Ex. 68), GEH9 (regarding Ex. 69), GEH10 (regarding Ex. 70), GEH11 (regarding Ex. 71), and GEH12 (regarding Ex. 72) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML, instead of GEH1.

[0632] Experimental Example 6: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0633] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 61 to 72 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 6 below.

[0634] Table 6: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0635]

[0636] As shown in Table 6, in OLEDs whose EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0637] Example 73 (Regarding Ex. 73): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0638] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that GHH7 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0639] Examples 74-84 (Regarding Ex. 74-84): OLED Manufacturing

[0640] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 73, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 74), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 75), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 76), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 77), GEH6 (regarding Ex. 78), GEH7 (regarding Ex. 79), GEH8 (regarding Ex. 80), GEH9 (regarding Ex. 81), GEH10 (regarding Ex. 82), GEH11 (regarding Ex. 83), and GEH12 (regarding Ex. 84) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML, instead of GEH1.

[0641] Experimental Example 7: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0642] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 73 to 84 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 7 below.

[0643] Table 7: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0644]

[0645] As shown in Table 7, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0646] Example 85 (Regarding Ex. 85): OLED Manufacturing

[0647] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that GHH8 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0648] Examples 86-96 (Regarding Ex. 86-96): OLED Manufacturing

[0649] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 85, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 86), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 87), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 88), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 89), GEH6 (regarding Ex. 90), GEH7 (regarding Ex. 91), GEH8 (regarding Ex. 92), GEH9 (regarding Ex. 93), GEH10 (regarding Ex. 94), GEH11 (regarding Ex. 95), and GEH12 (regarding Ex. 96) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML, instead of GEH1.

[0650] Experimental Example 8: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0651] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 85 to 96 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 8 below.

[0652] Table 8: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0653]

[0654] As shown in Table 8, in OLEDs whose EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0655] Example 97 (Regarding Ex.97): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0656] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that GHH9 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0657] Examples 98-108 (Regarding Ex. 98-108): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0658] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 97, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 98), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 99), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 100), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 101), GEH6 (regarding Ex. 102), GEH7 (regarding Ex. 103), GEH8 (regarding Ex. 104), GEH9 (regarding Ex. 105), GEH10 (regarding Ex. 106), GEH11 (regarding Ex. 107), and GEH12 (regarding Ex. 108) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML, instead of GEH1.

[0659] Experimental Example 9: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0660] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 97 to 108 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 9 below.

[0661] Table 9: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0662]

[0663] As shown in Table 9, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0664] Example 109 (Regarding Ex. 109): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0665] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that GHH10 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0666] Examples 110-120 (Regarding Ex. 110-120): OLED Manufacturing

[0667] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 109, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 110), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 111), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 112), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 113), GEH6 (regarding Ex. 114), GEH7 (regarding Ex. 115), GEH8 (regarding Ex. 116), GEH9 (regarding Ex. 117), GEH10 (regarding Ex. 118), GEH11 (regarding Ex. 119), and GEH12 (regarding Ex. 120) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML, instead of GEH1.

[0668] Experimental Example 10: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0669] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 109 to 120 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 10 below.

[0670] Table 10: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0671]

[0672] As shown in Table 10, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0673] Example 121 (Regarding Ex. 121): OLED Manufacturing

[0674] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that GHH11 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0675] Examples 122-132 (Regarding Ex. 122-132): OLED Manufacturing

[0676] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 121, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 122), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 123), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 124), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 125), GEH6 (regarding Ex. 126), GEH7 (regarding Ex. 127), GEH8 (regarding Ex. 128), GEH9 (regarding Ex. 129), GEH10 (regarding Ex. 130), GEH11 (regarding Ex. 131), and GEH12 (regarding Ex. 132) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML, instead of GEH1.

[0677] Experimental Example 11: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0678] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 121 to 132 were measured using the same procedure as in Test Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 11 below.

[0679] Table 11: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0680]

[0681] As shown in Table 11, in OLEDs whose EML includes the subject and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0682] Example 133 (Regarding Ex. 133): OLED Manufacturing

[0683] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that GHH12 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0684] Examples 134-144 (Regarding Ex. 134-144): OLED Manufacturing

[0685] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 133, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 134), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 135), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 136), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 137), GEH6 (regarding Ex. 138), GEH7 (regarding Ex. 139), GEH8 (regarding Ex. 140), GEH9 (regarding Ex. 141), GEH10 (regarding Ex. 142), GEH11 (regarding Ex. 143), and GEH12 (regarding Ex. 144) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML, instead of GEH1.

[0686] Experimental Example 12: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0687] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 133 to 144 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 12 below.

[0688] Table 12: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0689]

[0690] As shown in Table 12, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0691] Example 145 (Regarding Ex. 145): OLED Manufacturing

[0692] The OLED was fabricated using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that compound 252 synthesized in Synthesis Example 16 was used as a dopant in the EML instead of compound 251.

[0693] Examples 146-150 (Regarding Ex. 146-150): OLED Manufacturing

[0694] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 145, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 146), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 147), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 148), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 149), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 150) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0695] Example 151 (Regarding Ex. 151): OLED Manufacturing

[0696] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 145, except that GHH2 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0697] Examples 152-156 (Regarding Ex. 152-156): OLED Manufacturing

[0698] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 151, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 152), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 153), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 154), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 155), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 156) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0699] Comparative Example 2 (Ref. 2): OLED Manufacturing

[0700] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 145, except that CBP (90% by weight) was used as the sole host in the EML, instead of GHH1 and GEH1.

[0701] Experimental Example 13: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0702] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 145 to 156 and Comparative Example 2 were measured using the same procedure as in Test Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 13 below.

[0703] Table 13: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0704]

[0705] As shown in Table 13, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0706] Example 157 (Regarding Ex. 157): OLED Manufacturing

[0707] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 145, except that GHH3 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0708] Examples 158-162 (Regarding Ex. 158-162): OLED Manufacturing

[0709] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 157, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 158), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 159), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 160), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 161), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 162) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0710] Example 163 (Regarding Ex. 163): OLED Manufacturing

[0711] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 145, except that GHH4 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0712] Examples 164-168 (Regarding Ex. 164-168): OLED Manufacturing

[0713] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 163, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 164), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 165), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 166), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 167), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 168) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0714] Experimental Example 14: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0715] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 157 to 168 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 14 below.

[0716] Table 14: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0717]

[0718]

[0719] As shown in Table 14, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0720] Example 169 (Regarding Ex. 169): OLED Manufacturing

[0721] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 145, except that GHH5 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0722] Examples 170-174 (Regarding Ex. 158-162): OLED Manufacturing

[0723] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 169, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 170), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 171), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 172), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 173), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 174) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0724] Example 175 (Regarding Ex. 175): OLED Manufacturing

[0725] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 145, except that GHH6 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0726] Examples 176-180 (Regarding Ex. 176-180): OLED Manufacturing

[0727] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 175, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 176), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 177), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 178), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 179), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 180) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0728] Experimental Example 15: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0729] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 169 to 180 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 15 below.

[0730] Table 15: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0731]

[0732]

[0733] As shown in Table 15, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0734] Example 181 (Regarding Ex. 181): OLED Manufacturing

[0735] The OLED was fabricated using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that compound 253 synthesized in Synthesis Example 17 was used as a dopant in the EML instead of compound 251.

[0736] Examples 182-186 (Regarding Ex. 182-186): OLED Manufacturing

[0737] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 181, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 182), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 183), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 184), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 185), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 186) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0738] Example 187 (Regarding Ex. 187): OLED Manufacturing

[0739] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 181, except that GHH2 of Formula 8 was used as the first host instead of GHH1.

[0740] Examples 188-192 (Regarding Ex. 188-192): OLED Manufacturing

[0741] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 187, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 188), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 189), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 190), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 191), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 192) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0742] Comparative Example 3 (Ref. 3): OLED Manufacturing

[0743] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 181, except that CBP (90% by weight) was used as the sole host in the EML, instead of GHH1 and GEH1.

[0744] Experimental Example 16: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0745] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 181 to 192 and Comparative Example 3 were measured using the same procedure as in Test Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 16 below.

[0746] Table 16: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0747]

[0748] As shown in Table 16, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0749] Example 193 (Regarding Ex. 193): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0750] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 181, except that GHH3 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0751] Examples 194-198 (Regarding Ex. 194-198): OLED Manufacturing

[0752] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 193, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 194), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 195), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 196), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 197), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 198) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0753] Example 199 (Regarding Ex. 199): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0754] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 181, except that GHH4 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0755] Examples 200-204 (Regarding Ex. 200-204): OLED Manufacturing

[0756] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 199, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 200), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 201), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 202), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 203), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 204) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0757] Experimental Example 17: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0758] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 193 to 204 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 17 below.

[0759] Table 17: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0760]

[0761] As shown in Table 17, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0762] Example 205 (Regarding Ex. 205): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0763] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 181, except that GHH5 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0764] Examples 206-210 (Regarding Ex. 206-210): OLED Manufacturing

[0765] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 205, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 206), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 207), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 208), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 209), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 210) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0766] Example 211 (Regarding Ex. 211): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0767] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 181, except that GHH6 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0768] Examples 212-216 (Regarding Ex. 212-216): OLED Manufacturing

[0769] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 211, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 212), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 213), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 214), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 215), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 216) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0770] Experimental Example 18: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0771] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 205 to 216 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 18 below.

[0772] Table 18: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0773]

[0774] As shown in Table 18, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0775] Example 217 (Regarding Ex. 217): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0776] The OLED was fabricated using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that compound 254 synthesized in Synthesis Example 18 was used as a dopant in the EML instead of compound 251.

[0777] Examples 218-222 (Regarding Ex. 218-222): OLED Manufacturing

[0778] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 217, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 218), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 219), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 220), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 221), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 222) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0779] Example 223 (Regarding Ex. 223): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0780] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 217, except that GHH2 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0781] Examples 224-228 (Regarding Ex. 224-228): OLED Manufacturing

[0782] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 223, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 224), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 225), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 226), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 227), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 228) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0783] Comparative Example 4 (Ref. 4): OLED Manufacturing

[0784] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 217, except that CBP (90% by weight) was used as the sole host in the EML, instead of GHH1 and GEH1.

[0785] Experimental Example 19: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0786] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 217 to 228 and Comparative Example 4 were measured using the same procedure as in Test Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 19 below.

[0787] Table 19: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0788]

[0789]

[0790] As shown in Table 19, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0791] Example 229 (Regarding Ex. 229): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0792] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 217, except that GHH3 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0793] Examples 230-234 (Regarding Ex. 230-234): OLED Manufacturing

[0794] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 229, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 230), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 231), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 232), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 233), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 234) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0795] Example 235 (Regarding Ex. 235): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0796] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 217, except that GHH4 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0797] Examples 236-240 (Regarding Ex. 236-240): OLED Manufacturing

[0798] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 235, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 236), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 237), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 238), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 239), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 240) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0799] Experimental Example 20: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0800] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 229 to 240 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 20 below.

[0801] Table 20: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0802]

[0803]

[0804] As shown in Table 20, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0805] Example 241 (Regarding Ex. 241): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0806] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 217, except that GHH5 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0807] Examples 242-246 (Regarding Ex. 242-246): OLED Manufacturing

[0808] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 241, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 242), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 243), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 244), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 245), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 246) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0809] Example 247 (Regarding Ex. 247): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0810] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 217, except that GHH6 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0811] Examples 248-252 (Regarding Ex. 248-252): OLED Manufacturing

[0812] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 247, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 248), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 249), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 250), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 251), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 252) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0813] Experimental Example 21: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0814] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 241 to 252 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 21 below.

[0815] Table 21: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0816]

[0817] As shown in Table 21, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0818] Example 253 (Regarding Ex. 253): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0819] The OLED was fabricated using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that compound 255 synthesized in Synthesis Example 19 was used as a dopant in the EML instead of compound 251.

[0820] Examples 254-258 (Regarding Ex. 254-258): OLED Manufacturing

[0821] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 253, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 254), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 255), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 256), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 257), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 258) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0822] Example 259 (Regarding Ex. 259): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0823] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 253, except that GHH2 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0824] Examples 260-264 (Regarding Ex. 260-264): OLED Manufacturing

[0825] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 259, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 260), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 261), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 262), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 263), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 264) of Formula 11 were used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0826] Comparative Example 5 (Ref. 5): OLED Manufacturing

[0827] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 253, except that CBP (90% by weight) was used as the sole host in the EML, instead of GHH1 and GEH1.

[0828] Experimental Example 22: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0829] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 253 to 264 and Comparative Example 5 were measured using the same procedure as in Test Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 22 below.

[0830] Table 22: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0831]

[0832] As shown in Table 22, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0833] Example 265 (Regarding Ex. 265): OLED Manufacturing

[0834] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 253, except that GHH3 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0835] Examples 266-270 (Regarding Ex. 266-270): OLED Manufacturing

[0836] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 265, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 266), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 267), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 268), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 269), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 270) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0837] Example 271 (Regarding Ex. 271): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0838] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 253, except that GHH4 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0839] Examples 272-276 (Regarding Ex. 272-276): OLED Manufacturing

[0840] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 271, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 272), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 273), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 274), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 275), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 276) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0841] Experimental Example 23: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0842] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 265 to 275 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 23 below.

[0843] Table 23: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0844]

[0845] As shown in Table 23, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase.95 (This will greatly improve)

[0846] Example 277 (Regarding Ex. 277): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0847] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 253, except that GHH5 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0848] Examples 278-282 (Regarding Ex. 278-282): OLED Manufacturing

[0849] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 277, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 278), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 279), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 280), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 281), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 282) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0850] Example 283 (Regarding Ex. 283): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0851] The OLED was manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 253, except that GHH6 of Formula 8 was used as the first host in the EML instead of GHH1.

[0852] Examples 284-288 (Regarding Ex. 284-288): OLED Manufacturing

[0853] The OLED is manufactured using the same procedure and materials as in Example 283, except that GEH2 (regarding Ex. 284), GEH3 (regarding Ex. 285), GEH4 (regarding Ex. 286), GEH5 (regarding Ex. 287), and GEH6 (regarding Ex. 288) of Formula 11 are used as the second body in the EML instead of GEH1.

[0854] Experimental Example 24: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0855] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 277 to 288 were measured using the same procedure as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 24 below.

[0856] Table 24: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0857]

[0858]

[0859] As shown in Table 24, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0860] Examples 289-298 (Regarding Ex. 289-298): OLED Manufacturing

[0861] The OLED was fabricated using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that in the EML, each of compounds 256, 257, 1, 2 and 27 was used as a dopant, GHH1 of Formula 8 was used as the first host, and GEH1 or GEH2 of Formula 11 was used as the second host, as shown in Table 25 below.

[0862] Comparative Example 6-10: OLED Manufacturing

[0863] The OLEDs were manufactured using the same procedures and materials as in each of Examples 289-298, except that CBPs were used as the sole host in the EML, as shown in Table 25 below.

[0864] Experimental Example 25: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0865] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 289 to 298 and Comparative Examples 6 to 10 were measured using the same procedure as in Test Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 25 below.

[0866] Table 25: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0867]

[0868]

[0869] As shown in Table 25, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0870] Examples 299-308 (Regarding Ex. 299-308): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0871] The OLED was fabricated using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that in the EML, each of compounds 16, 17, 32, 34 and 35 was used as a dopant, GHH1 of Formula 8 was used as the first host, and GEH1 or GEH2 of Formula 11 was used as the second host, as shown in Table 26 below.

[0872] Comparative Examples 11-15: OLED Manufacturing

[0873] The OLEDs were manufactured using the same procedures and materials as in each of Examples 299-308, except that CBP was used as the sole host in the EML, as shown in Table 26 below.

[0874] Experimental Example 26: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0875] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 299 to 308 and Comparative Examples 11 to 15 were measured using the same procedure as in Test Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 26 below.

[0876] Table 26: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0877]

[0878]

[0879] As shown in Table 26, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0880] Examples 309-318 (Regarding Ex. 309-318): Manufacturing of OLEDs

[0881] The OLED was fabricated using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that in the EML, each of compounds 136, 137, 142, 148 and 147 was used as a dopant, GHH1 of Formula 8 was used as the first host, and GEH1 or GEH2 of Formula 11 was used as the second host, as shown in Table 27 below.

[0882] Comparative Examples 16-20: OLED Manufacturing

[0883] The OLEDs were manufactured using the same procedures and materials as in each of Examples 309-318, except that CBPs were used as the sole host in the EML, as shown in Table 27 below.

[0884] Experimental Example 27: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0885] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 309 to 318 and Comparative Examples 16 to 20 were measured using the same procedure as in Test Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 27 below.

[0886] Table 27: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0887]

[0888]

[0889] As shown in Table 27, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0890] Examples 319-328 (Regarding Ex. 319-328): OLED Manufacturing

[0891] The OLED was fabricated using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that in the EML, each of compounds 251-255 (10 wt%) was used as a dopant, and GHH1 or GHH2 of Formula 8 (90 wt%) was used as the sole host, as shown in Table 28 below.

[0892] Comparative Examples 21-25: OLED Manufacturing

[0893] The OLEDs were manufactured using the same procedures and materials as in each of Examples 319-328, except that CBP was used as the sole host in the EML, as shown in Table 28 below.

[0894] Experimental Example 28: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0895] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 319 to 328 and Comparative Examples 21 to 25 were measured using the same procedure as in Test Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 28 below.

[0896] Table 28: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0897]

[0898] As shown in Table 28, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0899] Examples 329-338 (Regarding Ex. 329-338): OLED Manufacturing

[0900] The OLED was fabricated using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that in the EML, each of compounds 256, 257, 1, 2 and 27 (10 wt%) was used as a dopant, and GHH1 or GHH2 of Formula 8 (90 wt%) was used as the sole host, as shown in Table 29 below.

[0901] Comparative Examples 26-30: OLED Manufacturing

[0902] The OLEDs were manufactured using the same procedures and materials as those in Examples 329-338, except that CBPs were used as the sole host in the EML, as shown in Table 29 below.

[0903] Experimental Example 29: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0904] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 329 to 338 and Comparative Examples 26 to 30 were measured using the same procedure as in Test Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 29 below.

[0905] Table 29: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0906]

[0907] As shown in Table 29, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0908] Examples 339-348 (Regarding Ex. 339-348): OLED Manufacturing

[0909] The OLED was fabricated using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that in the EML, each of compounds 16, 17, 32, 34 and 35 (10 wt%) was used as a dopant, and GHH1 or GHH2 of Formula 8 (90 wt%) was used as the sole host, as shown in Table 30 below.

[0910] Comparative Examples 31-35: OLED Manufacturing

[0911] The OLEDs were manufactured using the same procedures and materials as in each of Examples 339-348, except that CBP was used as the sole host in the EML, as shown in Table 30 below.

[0912] Experimental Example 30: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0913] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 339 to 348 and Comparative Examples 31 to 35 were measured using the same procedure as in Test Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 30 below.

[0914] Table 30: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0915]

[0916] As shown in Table 30, in OLEDs where the EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0917] Examples 349-358 (Regarding Ex. 349-358): OLED Manufacturing

[0918] The OLED was fabricated using the same procedure and materials as in Example 1, except that in the EML, each of compounds 136, 137, 142, 148 and 147 (10 wt%) was used as a dopant, and GHH1 or GHH2 of Formula 8 (90 wt%) was used as the sole host, as shown in Table 31 below.

[0919] Comparative Examples 36-40: OLED Manufacturing

[0920] The OLEDs were manufactured using the same procedures and materials as in each of Examples 349-358, except that CBP was used as the sole host in the EML, as shown in Table 31 below.

[0921] Experimental Example 31: Measurement of the luminescent properties of OLED

[0922] The optical properties of each OLED manufactured in Examples 349 to 358 and Comparative Examples 36 to 40 were measured using the same procedure as in Test Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 31 below.

[0923] Table 31: Luminescent properties of OLEDs

[0924]

[0925] As shown in Table 31, in OLEDs whose EML includes the body and dopants of this disclosure, the driving voltage decreases and the EQE and luminous lifetime (LT) increase. 95 (This will greatly improve)

[0926] In summary, as shown in Tables 1-31, by introducing the host and dopants according to this disclosure, OLEDs with lower driving voltages and improved luminous efficiency and luminous lifetime can be realized.

[0927] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to this disclosure without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, this disclosure is intended to cover such modifications and variations as long as they fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An organic light-emitting diode, comprising: First electrode; The second electrode facing the first electrode; and A light-emitting layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and includes at least one light-emitting material layer, the light-emitting material layer comprising: The main body includes: The first body has a structure represented by Equation 7, and The second body has a structure represented by Equation 9, and Dopants, including organometallic compounds having a structure represented by Formula 1, in: Equation 1 is: [Formula 1] In Equation 1, L A It has the structure of Equation 2; L B It is an auxiliary ligand having the structure of Formula 5A or Formula 5B; m is 1, 2, or 3; n is 0, 1, or 2; and m + n = 3 Equation 2 is: [Equation 2] In Equation 2, X1 and X2 are each independently CR7 or N; X3 to X5 are each independently CR8 or N, and at least one of X3 to X5 is CR8; X6 to X9 are each independently CR9 or N, and at least one of X6 to X9 is CR9; R1 through R9 are each independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C. 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Heteroalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Heterene, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, carboxyl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfonamide, phosphine, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylamino, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl silyl, unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 30 Alicyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaryl, wherein when b is 2, 3 or 4, each R6 is the same or different from each other; Optionally, Two adjacent groups from R1 to R5, and / or When b is 2, 3, or 4, two adjacent R6, and / or X3 and X4 or X4 and X5, and / or X6 and X7, X7 and X8, or X8 and X9 They are further linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 20 Alicyclic, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 heterocyclic ring, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed fragrance ring; a is 0, 1, or 2; and b is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. Equation 5A or Equation 5B is: [Formula 5A] [Formula 5B] In Equations 5A and 5B, R 21 R 22 and R 31 To R 33 Each is independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Heteroalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Heterene, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, carboxyl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfonamide, phosphine, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylamino, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl silyl, unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 30 Alicyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed aromatics, Optionally, When f is 2, 3, or 4, two adjacent R 21 and / or When g is 2, two adjacent R 22 and / or R 31 and R 32 、or R 32 and R 33 They are further linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 20 Alicyclic, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 heterocyclic ring, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed aromatic rings; and f and g are each 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. Equation 7 is: [Formula 7] In Equation 7, R 41 and R 42 Each is independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and substituted C3-C 30 Each substituent on the heteroaryl group is independently unsubstituted or C6-C. 30 Aryl and C3-C 30 At least one of the heteroaryl groups is further substituted. Optionally, R 41 and R 42 They are further linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Spiroaryl ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Spiral aromatic rings; R 43 To R 46 Each is independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 arylamino, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroarylamino, Optionally, Replacement C6-C 30 Aryl, substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, substituted C6-C 30 Arylamino and substituted C3-C 30 Each substituent on the heteroaryl amino group is independently unsubstituted or C6-C. 30 Aryl and C3-C 30 At least one of the heteroaryl groups is further substituted, wherein when p is 2, 3 or more, each R... 43 Whether they are the same or different, when q is 2 or 3, each R 44 They are the same or different from each other; L1 represents a single bond, and is either unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 30 Aryl styrene, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Hybrid aromatic styrene, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl styrene and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroarylene independently reacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure; Ar1 and Ar2 are each independently unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed fragrance ring; p is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; and q is 0, 1, 2, or 3. Equation 9 is: [Formula 9] In Equation 9, R 51 To R 53 Each is independently unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, of which R 51 To R 53 At least one of them has a structure represented by formula 10A or formula 10B; Y1, Y2, and Y3 are each independently CR 54 Or N, where at least one of Y1, Y2, and Y3 is N; R 54 Independently constitutes protium, deuterium, tritium, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroaryl group independently reacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure; and L is a single bond, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 30 Aryl styrene, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed aromatic styrene; optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl styrene and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroarylene independently reacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 The heterocyclic aromatic rings form a spiral structure. Formula 10A is: [Formula 10A] In Equation 10A, An asterisk indicates a connection to L in Formula 9 or to the azazine portion including Y1 to Y3; R 61 To R 68 Each is independently protium, deuterium, tritium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 10 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroaryl group independently reacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure; and Optionally, R 61 To R 68 At least two adjacent R groups are further linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heterocyclic aromatic rings, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic rings and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heterocyclic ring independently interacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 20 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 The heterocyclic aromatic rings form a spiral structure. Equation 10B is: [Formula 10B] In Equation 10B, An asterisk indicates a connection to L in Formula 9 or to the azazine portion including Y1 to Y3; R 71 For protium, deuterium, tritium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 10 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroaryl group and its unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure; R 72 To R 78 Each is independently protium, deuterium, tritium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 10 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroaryl group and its unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure; and Optionally, R 72 To R 78 At least two adjacent R groups are further linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heterocyclic aromatic rings, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic rings and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heterocyclic ring independently interacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 20 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 The heterocyclic aromatic rings form a spiral structure.

2. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 1, wherein L A It has a structure represented by Equation 4A or Equation 4B: [Formula 4A] [Formula 4B] In Equations 4A and 4B, Each of R1 to R6 and b is as defined in Equation 2; R 11 To R 14 Each is independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Heteroalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Heterene, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, carboxyl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfonamide, phosphine, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylamino, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylsilyl, unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 30 Alicyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed aromatics; Optionally, When d is 2 or 3, two adjacent R 13 and / or When e is 2, 3, or 4, two adjacent R 14 They are further linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 20 Alicyclic, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 heterocyclic ring, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed fragrance ring; c is 0 or 1; d is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and e can be 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

3. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 1, wherein L A It has a structure represented by Equation 4C or Equation 4D: [Formula 4C] [Form 4D] In Equations 4C and 4D, Each of R1 to R6 and b is as defined in Equation 2; R 11 To R 14 Each is independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Heteroalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Heterene, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, carboxyl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfonamide, phosphine, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylamino, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl silyl, unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 30 Alicyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed aromatics; Optionally, When d is 2 or 3, two adjacent R 13 and / or When e is 2, 3, or 4, two adjacent R 14 They are further linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 20 Alicyclic, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 heterocyclic ring, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed fragrance ring; c is 0 or 1; d is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and e can be 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

4. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 1, wherein X1 is CR7, X2 is CR7 or N, X3 to X5 are each independently CR8, X6 to X9 are each independently CR9, and each of R7 to R9 is the same as defined in Equation 2.

5. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 1, wherein the organometallic compound comprises at least one of the following compounds: 。 6. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 1, wherein the first body comprises at least one of the following compounds: 。 7. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 1, wherein the second body comprises at least one of the following compounds: 。 8. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 1, wherein the light-emitting layer comprises: A first light-emitting part is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and includes a first light-emitting material layer; The second light-emitting part is disposed between the first light-emitting part and the second electrode and includes a second light-emitting material layer; as well as A first charge generation layer is disposed between the first light-emitting part and the second light-emitting part. At least one of the first luminescent material layer and the second luminescent material layer includes the host and the dopant.

9. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 8, wherein the second light-emitting material layer comprises: A first layer disposed between the first charge generation layer and the second electrode; as well as The second layer is disposed between the first layer and the second electrode. One of the first layer and the second layer includes the body and the dopant.

10. The organic light-emitting diode of claim 9, wherein the second light-emitting material layer further comprises a third layer disposed between the first layer and the second layer.

11. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 8, wherein the light-emitting layer further comprises: A third light-emitting part is disposed between the second light-emitting part and the second electrode and includes a third light-emitting material layer; as well as A second charge generation layer is disposed between the second light-emitting part and the third light-emitting part.

12. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 11, wherein the second light-emitting material layer comprises: A first layer disposed between the first charge generation layer and the second electrode; as well as The second layer is disposed between the first layer and the second electrode. One of the first layer and the second layer includes the body and the dopant.

13. An organic light-emitting diode, comprising: First electrode; The second electrode facing the first electrode; and A light-emitting layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the light-emitting layer comprising: A first light-emitting part is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and includes a blue light-emitting material layer; A second light-emitting portion, disposed between the first light-emitting portion and the second electrode, and comprising at least one light-emitting material layer; and A first charge generation layer is disposed between the first light-emitting part and the second light-emitting part. in: The at least one luminescent material layer includes: The main body includes: The first body has a structure represented by Equation 7, and The second body has a structure represented by Equation 9, and Dopants, including organometallic compounds having a structure represented by Formula 1, [Formula 1] In Equation 1, L A It has a structure represented by Equation 2; L B It is an auxiliary ligand having a structure represented by formula 5A or formula 5B; m is 1, 2, or 3; n is 0, 1, or 2; and m + n = 3 Equation 2 is: [Equation 2] In Equation 2, X1 and X2 are each independently CR7 or N; X3 to X5 are each independently CR8 or N, and at least one of X3 to X5 is CR8; X6 to X9 are each independently CR9 or N, and at least one of X6 to X9 is CR9; R1 through R9 are each independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C. 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Heteroalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Heterene, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, carboxyl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfonamide, phosphine, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylamino, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl silyl, unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 30 Alicyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaryl, wherein when b is 2, 3 or 4, each R6 is the same or different from each other; Optionally, Two adjacent groups from R1 to R5, and / or When b is 2, 3, or 4, two adjacent R6, and / or X3 and X4 or X4 and X5, and / or X6 and X7, X7 and X8, or X8 and X9 They are further linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 20 Alicyclic, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 heterocyclic ring, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed fragrance ring; a is 0, 1, or 2; and b is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. Equation 5A or Equation 5B is: [Formula 5A] [Formula 5B] In Equations 5A and 5B, R 21 R 22 and R 31 To R 33 Each is independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Heteroalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Heterene, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, carboxyl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfonamide, phosphine, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylamino, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl silyl, unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 30 Alicyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed aromatics, Optionally, When f is 2, 3, or 4, two adjacent R 21 and / or When g is 2, two adjacent R 22 and / or R 31 and R 32 、or R 32 and R 33 They are further linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 20 Alicyclic, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 heterocyclic ring, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed aromatic rings; and f and g are each 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. Equation 7 is: [Formula 7] In Equation 7, R 41 and R 42 Each is independently hydrogen, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and substituted C3-C 30 Each substituent on the heteroaryl group is independently unsubstituted or C6-C. 30 Aryl and C3-C 30 At least one of the heteroaryl groups is further substituted. Optionally, R 41 and R 42 They are further linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Spiroaryl ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Spiral aromatic rings; R 43 To R 46 Each is independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 arylamino, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroarylamino, Optionally, Replacement C6-C 30 Aryl, substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, substituted C6-C 30 Arylamino and substituted C3-C 30 Each substituent on the heteroaryl amino group is independently unsubstituted or C6-C. 30 Aryl and C3-C 30 At least one of the heteroaryl groups is further substituted, wherein when p is 2, 3 or more, each R... 43 Whether they are the same or different, when q is 2 or 3, each R 44 They are the same or different from each other; L1 represents a single bond, and is either unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 30 Aryl styrene, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Hybrid aromatic styrene, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl styrene and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroarylene independently reacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure; Ar1 and Ar2 are each independently unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed fragrance ring; p is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; and q is 0, 1, 2, or 3. Equation 9 is: [Formula 9] In Equation 9, R 51 To R 53 Each is independently unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, of which R 51 To R 53 At least one of them has a structure represented by formula 10A or formula 10B; Y1, Y2, and Y3 are each independently CR 54 Or N, where at least one of Y1, Y2, and Y3 is N; R 54 Independently constitutes protium, deuterium, tritium, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroaryl group independently reacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure; and L is a single bond, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 30 Aryl styrene, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed aromatic styrene; optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl styrene and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroarylene independently reacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 The heterocyclic aromatic rings form a spiral structure. Formula 10A is: [Formula 10A] In Equation 10A, An asterisk indicates a connection to L in Formula 9 or to the azazine portion including Y1 to Y3; R 61 To R 68 Each is independently protium, deuterium, tritium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 10 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroaryl group independently reacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure; and Optionally, R 61 To R 68 At least two adjacent R groups are further linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heterocyclic aromatic rings, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic rings and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heterocyclic ring independently interacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 20 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 The heterocyclic aromatic rings form a spiral structure. Equation 10B is: [Formula 10B] In Equation 10B, An asterisk indicates a connection to L in Formula 9 or to the azazine portion including Y1 to Y3; R 71 For protium, deuterium, tritium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 10 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroaryl group and its unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure; R 72 To R 78 Each is independently protium, deuterium, tritium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 10 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heteroaryl, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aryl and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heteroaryl group and its unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heteroaromatic rings form a spiral structure; and Optionally, R 72 To R 78 At least two adjacent R groups are further linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 heterocyclic aromatic rings, optionally, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic rings and unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Each heterocyclic ring independently interacts with unsubstituted or substituted C6-C. 20 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 The heterocyclic aromatic rings form a spiral structure.

14. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 13, wherein L A It has a structure represented by Equation 4A or Equation 4B: [Formula 4A] [Formula 4B] In Equations 4A and 4B, Each of R1 to R6 and b is as defined in Equation 2; R 11 To R 14 Each is independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Heteroalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Heterene, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, carboxyl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfonamide, phosphine, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylamino, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylsilyl, unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 30 Alicyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed aromatics; Optionally, When d is 2 or 3, two adjacent R 13 and / or When e is 2, 3, or 4, two adjacent R 14 They are further linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 20 Alicyclic, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 heterocyclic ring, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed fragrance ring; c is 0 or 1; d is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and e can be 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

15. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 13, wherein L A It has a structure represented by Equation 4C or Equation 4D: [Formula 4C] [Form 4D] In Equations 4C and 4D, Each of R1 to R6 and b is as defined in Equation 2; R 11 To R 14 Each is independently protium, deuterium, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Heteroalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C 20 Heterene, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, carboxyl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfonamide, phosphine, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylamino, unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkylsilyl, unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 30 Alicyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed aromatics; Optionally, When d is 2 or 3, two adjacent R 13 and / or When e is 2, 3, or 4, two adjacent R 14 They are further linked together to form unsubstituted or substituted C4-C 20 Alicyclic, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 20 heterocyclic ring, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C 30 Aromatic ring, or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C 30 Mixed fragrance ring; c is 0 or 1; d is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and e can be 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

16. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 13, wherein X1 is CR7, X2 is CR7 or N, X3 to X5 are each independently CR8, X6 to X9 are each independently CR9, and each of R7 to R9 is the same as defined in Formula 2.

17. The organic light-emitting diode of claim 13, wherein the at least one light-emitting material layer comprises a first layer disposed between the first charge-generating layer and the second electrode, and a second layer disposed between the first layer and the second electrode. The first layer includes a red luminescent material layer, and The second layer includes the host and the dopant.

18. The organic light-emitting diode of claim 17, wherein the at least one light-emitting material layer further comprises a third layer disposed between the first layer and the second layer, and wherein the third layer comprises a yellow-green light-emitting material layer.

19. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 13, wherein the light-emitting layer further comprises a third light-emitting portion disposed between the second light-emitting portion and the second electrode and comprising a blue light-emitting material layer, and a second charge-generating layer disposed between the second light-emitting portion and the third light-emitting portion.

20. The organic light-emitting diode of claim 19, wherein the at least one light-emitting material layer further comprises a first layer disposed between the first charge-generating layer and the second electrode, and a second layer disposed between the first layer and the second electrode. The first layer includes a red luminescent material layer, and The second layer includes the host and the dopant.

21. The organic light-emitting diode of claim 20, wherein the at least one light-emitting material layer further comprises a third layer disposed between the first layer and the second layer, and wherein the third layer comprises a yellow-green light-emitting material layer.

22. An organic light-emitting device, comprising: substrate; and An organic light-emitting diode as described in claim 1 is disposed above the substrate.

23. An organic light-emitting device, comprising: substrate; and An organic light-emitting diode as described in claim 13 is disposed above the substrate.

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