Gyratory crusher spider bushing

Abstract

A gyratory crusher spider bushing (100) for positioning radially intermediate a top shell spider (10) and a crusher main shaft (2) configured for gyroscopic precession within a crusher, the bushing comprising: a cylindrical body (110) having an inner side surface (102) and an outer side surface (103) centered on a longitudinal axis (A) in a substantially vertical orientation; a collar (111) arranged in connection with a top end of the gyratory crusher spider bushing (100); the inner side surface (102) comprising a fulcrum (120) having a smallest diameter of the gyratory crusher spider bushing (100), wherein an angle (a) defines an inclination of the inner side surface (102) above / below the fulcrum (120) relative to the longitudinal axis (A), and wherein an inner side length (L1) is defined from the fulcrum (120) to a top end of the collar (111); a plurality of longitudinal cuts (101) at an inner side of the annular body, wherein the cuts (101) are partially recessed into the inner side surface (102); and wherein the cuts have a length (L2) with a lowest portion at or above the area of the fulcrum (120).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a rotary crusher support bushing for radial positioning between the top shell support (spider) and the crusher main shaft. Furthermore, this invention relates to a rotary crusher. Background Technology

[0002] Cone crushers are used to crush ore, mineral, and rock materials into smaller sizes. A rotary crusher is an example of a cone crusher. Typically, a crusher includes a crushing head mounted on an extended main shaft. A first crushing shell is mounted on the crushing head, and a second crushing shell is mounted on a frame such that the first and second crushing shells together define a crushing gap through which the material to be crushed passes. A drive unit is arranged to rotate an eccentric assembly about the lower part of the shaft, causing the crushing head to perform a rotary oscillating movement and crush the material introduced into the crushing gap.

[0003] EP 3 131 677 discloses an illustrative cone crusher. The crusher has an upper shaft support in which a crusher shaft is rotatably mounted. The head of the crusher shaft 2 performs a tumbling movement within the upper shaft support and rolls on an annular wear insert 3 held within the upper shaft support. The wear insert 3 is held in a rolling bush 4. The bushing wall of the rolling bush 4 is radially perforated by a plurality of slots 11 extending axially along the bushing wall. The slots extend from a flange 10 along the entire length of the wear insert inserted into the rolling bushing. The slots 11 open in the lower edge 12 of the rolling bushing 4. Thus, the rolling bushing of this crusher has slots extending radially through the entire bushing wall to aid in clamping and reducing the diameter of the rolling bushing.

[0004] In a cone crusher, the oscillating movement of the crushing head is supported by a top side bearing and a lower side sliding bearing. The upper journal of the main shaft is mounted in the top side bearing, and the lower journal of the main shaft is positioned below the crushing head and mounted in the lower side sliding bearing. A support bushing is associated with the top side bearing. During the oscillating movement of the crushing head, the bushing experiences wear. The degree of wear may necessitate replacement of the bushing due to wear, either every time the outer casing is replaced, or every two times the outer casing is replaced.

[0005] The wear resistance of the support bushing needs to be improved.

[0006] Therefore, what is needed is a bushing for a rotary crusher and a rotary crusher to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The objective of this invention is to provide a support bushing with appropriate wear resistance.

[0008] The primary objective is achieved through a support bushing with appropriate mechanisms to better distribute grease that reduces the wear rate. The grease distribution should be concentrated in areas of most significant wear. A secondary objective is to provide a bushing with a wear indicator mechanism.

[0009] According to a first aspect of the invention, a rotary crusher support bushing is provided for radial positioning between a top shell support and a crusher spindle, the crusher spindle being configured for gyroscopic precession within the crusher. The bushing comprises: a cylindrical body having an inner surface and an outer surface centered on a substantially vertical longitudinal axis; a collar arranged to connect to a top end of the rotary crusher support bushing; the inner surface including a pivot having a minimum diameter of the rotary crusher support bushing, wherein an angle defines an inclination relative to the longitudinal axis on the inner surface above / below the pivot, and wherein an inner length is defined from the pivot to the top end of the collar; a plurality of longitudinal cuts located inside the annular body, wherein the cuts are partially recessed into the inner surface; and wherein the cuts have a length, the lowest portion of which is located at or above the region of the pivot. This is advantageous because the region of the pivot at the lower part of the bushing is where wear is most significant.

[0010] Preferably, the bushing cut is substantially parallel to the axis. This ensures uniform distribution of the grease.

[0011] Preferably, the number of slits is at least three. The number can also be greater, such as 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, or 16. The longitudinal slits can also be defined as channels, slots, or recesses. Preferably, the slits have a rounded shape, such as a semi-cylindrical or semi-elliptical shape, but they can also be shapes with sharp edges. The slits can be evenly distributed around the inner surface, but they can also be unevenly distributed. The number of slits should be sufficient to ensure adequate lubrication. The number depends in part on the size of the bushing; larger bushings may require a larger number of slits.

[0012] Alternatively, the lowest point of the slit length is above the fulcrum. The fulcrum is the area where the bushing experiences significant wear. Therefore, lubrication needs to be concentrated in this area. By terminating the slit above the fulcrum, the grease is further distributed by gravity.

[0013] Preferably, the lowest point of the cut length can be located at 10% of the inner length starting from the lowest point of the inner length. This provides a clearly defined direction for the lubricating medium.

[0014] Alternatively, the uppermost point of the cut length is located at 20% of the inner length, starting from the uppermost point of the inner length.

[0015] Alternatively, the cut length can be equal to the inner length.

[0016] Preferably, the inner surface includes a chamfered point, above which an angle defines the inclination of the inner surface relative to the longitudinal axis. This helps to slow down the wear rate.

[0017] Preferably, the chamfer angle is larger than the fulcrum angle. The chamfer angle can be twice the size of the fulcrum angle.

[0018] Alternatively, the chamfer point is located at 30% of the inner length, starting from the topmost point of the inner length.

[0019] According to a second aspect of the invention, a rotary crusher including a bushing is provided. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Specific embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional side view of a rotary crusher having a main shaft supported at its upper end by a top side bearing;

[0022] Figure 2 According to the first embodiment Figure 1 A perspective view of the bushing shown;

[0023] Figure 3 According to the first embodiment Figure 1 Enlarged cross-sectional side view of the bushing shown;

[0024] Figure 4 According to further embodiments Figure 1 An enlarged cross-sectional side view of the bushing shown; and

[0025] Figure 5 According to further embodiments Figure 1 An enlarged cross-sectional side view of the bushing shown. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Figure 1A cone crusher 1 is disclosed, which has a vertical crushing head shaft 2 and a frame 4 with a bottom portion 6 and a top portion 8. A crushing head 12 is mounted on an elongated shaft 2 having a longitudinal axis B. A first (inner) crushing shell 20 is fixedly mounted on the crushing head 12, and a second (outer) crushing shell 22 is fixedly mounted on the upper frame 8. A crushing zone 24 is formed between the opposing crushing shells 20 and 22. A discharge zone is positioned immediately below the crushing zone 24 and is partially defined by the lower frame 6. When the crusher 1 is operated, material is crushed between the inner crushing shell 20 and the outer crushing shell 22. This is a result of the rotational movement of the crushing head 12, during which the two crushing shells approach each other along a generatrix of rotation and move away from each other along opposing generatrices in the diametrical direction.

[0027] A drive unit (not shown) is connected to the main shaft 2 via a drive shaft 14 and a suitable gear mechanism 15, causing the shaft 2 to rotate eccentrically about the longitudinal axis A of the crusher. This causes the crushing head 12 and the outer casing 20 to perform a rotary oscillating movement, crushing the material introduced into the crushing zone 24. Consequently, the longitudinal axis B of the main shaft 2 oscillates about the longitudinal axis A of the crusher. The upper region 9 of the shaft 2 is maintained in an axially rotatable position by a top bearing assembly and a support bushing 100 positioned between the main shaft region 9 and the support assembly 10 positioned about axis A. Similarly, the lower region of the shaft 2 is supported by a bottom bearing assembly.

[0028] The upper frame 8 includes a top shell (which may alternatively be called a bottom shell) mounted on the lower frame 6, and the support assembly 10 extending from the top shell and representing the upper part of the crusher.

[0029] The support bushing 100 includes a generally annular sleeve-shaped body 110 extending about axis A, which is oriented substantially vertically. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first embodiment is disclosed. A cylindrical body 110 has an inner surface 102 and an outer surface 103. A bushing 100 has an upper end defined as a collar 111 perpendicular to the body 110, thus extending radially outward from the bushing. A plurality of drilled holes extend axially through the collar 111. Specific drilled holes are provided for anchor bolts, thereby rotatably locking the bushing 100 relative to axis A and the support assembly 10. Other drilled holes are specifically sized to allow lubricating oil, etc., to reach the area between the bushing 100 and the shaft 2.

[0030] The inner surface 102 of the bushing can have different diameters and a smooth transition between these different diameters. Pivot point 120 represents the area with the smallest diameter. This point is typically located on the lower portion, such as the full height of the inner surface from the bottom or one-fifth of the full length of the inner surface. Pivot point 120 can also be located at 15% to 25% of the full height of the inner surface. A second minimum diameter of the inner side of the bushing is defined as chamfer point 130. The inner side of the bushing has its maximum diameter at the apex.

[0031] On the inner surface 102 of the bushing, a longitudinal notch 101 is arranged substantially axially. The notch is a recess or groove, meaning it is a relatively shallow notch in the surface. The recess can have any shape, such as rounded, elliptical, V-shaped, or any other shape. The purpose of the recess is to improve lubrication so as to properly disperse lubricating oil or lubricating medium, thereby reducing bushing wear. Lubricating oil will be distributed on the inner surface 102, especially in the region of pivot 120, which is the area subject to significant wear. The notch can also be used for a secondary purpose, namely, as a wear indicator. In this case, the size of the notch is selected such that when the bushing wears to the point that the notch is no longer visible, it means that the bushing needs to be replaced or repaired.

[0032] The depth of the cut 101 in the inner surface is typically only a few millimeters, representing less than 1% of the thickness of the bushing wall. Generally, the upper end is sharper than the lower end, while the lower end is more rounded.

[0033] The axial length of the inner surface 102 of the bushing 100 is defined as L1 from the fulcrum 120 to the upper side of the bushing (ring 111). The axial length of the cut 101 is defined as L2.

[0034] The length and number of the cuts 101 can vary. For example... Figure 2 Similar to the first embodiment, there are six slits, which are evenly distributed around the inner perimeter of the bushing. The slits may also be unevenly distributed around the inner surface. In this first embodiment, the length L2 of the slit 101 is slightly longer than half the inner axial length L1 of the bushing. Therefore, the slit length L2 has a lower end located a short distance above the fulcrum 120, and its upper end located a short distance above the chamfer point 130. The slit length L2 is approximately 60% of the inner axial length L1 of the bushing. L2 can also be 55%, 65%, 70%, or 75% of L1.

[0035] exist Figure 4 and Figure 5 The second and third embodiments of the support bushing 100 are shown respectively. The second embodiment has a number of cuts 101, the length of which L2 is almost equal to the inner axial length L1 of the bushing, and terminates slightly above the fulcrum 120. Figure 4 The embodiment disclosed in the paper has a fulcrum 120 with a minimum diameter. From the fulcrum 120, an angle α defines a straight line extending to the upper end of the bushing.

[0036] Figure 5 The third embodiment discloses both a fulcrum 120 and a chamfer point 130. The cut 101 has a length L2 representing approximately 70% to 80% of the inner axial length L1 of the bushing. The chamfer point 130 may be located 30% downwards from the uppermost point of the inner length L1 of the bushing. The chamfer point 130 may also be located at a higher position, such as at 20% or 25% of the inner length L1, or further downwards, such as at 35% or 40% of the inner length L1 of the bushing.

[0037] In the second and third embodiments, the number of incisions is higher than in the first embodiment, resulting in closer spacing between the incisions at the perimeter than in the first embodiment. Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this design, the slits are distributed relatively evenly around the diameter, but a more uneven distribution is also possible. The number of slits is 20, but it can also be smaller, such as 8, 10, 12, or 16. Alternatively, the number can be greater than 20, such as 24, 28, or 30. The number of slits is partly related to the size of the bushing, so larger bushings generally require a larger number of slits.

[0038] The lowest point of the cut 101 is at or slightly above the fulcrum. "Slightly above" is defined as a few percentage points of the inner axial length L1 of the bushing. The upper end of the cut may be the same as the upper end of the inner axial length L1 of the bushing. Depending on the embodiment, the cut length L2 may vary, but it must never be lower than the fulcrum 120.

Claims

1. A rotary crusher support bushing (100) for radially positioning between a top shell support (10) and a crusher main shaft (2), the crusher main shaft being configured for gyroscopic precession within the crusher, the bushing comprising: A cylindrical body (110) having an inner surface (102) and an outer surface (103) centered on a vertically oriented longitudinal axis (A). A collar (111) is arranged to be connected to the top end of the rotary crusher support bushing (100); The inner surface (102) includes a fulcrum (120) having the minimum diameter of the rotary crusher support bushing (100), wherein an angle (α) defines the inclination angle of the inner surface (102) above and below the fulcrum (120) relative to the longitudinal axis (A), and wherein an inner length (L1) is defined from the fulcrum (120) to the top of the collar (111). Multiple longitudinal cuts (101) are located on the inner side of the annular body, wherein the cuts (101) are partially recessed into the inner surface (102); and The cut has a length (L2), the lowest part of which is located in or above the region of the fulcrum (120), and the depth of the cut (101) in the inner surface is less than 1% of the thickness of the bushing wall.

2. The bushing according to claim 1, wherein, The cut (101) is parallel to the axis (A).

3. The bushing according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein, The number of the incisions (101) is at least three.

4. The bushing according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein, The lowest point of the length (L2) of the cut is above the fulcrum (120).

5. The bushing according to claim 4, wherein, The lowest point of the length of the cut (L2) is located at 10% of the inner length (L1) starting from the lowest point of the inner length (L1).

6. The bushing according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein, The uppermost point of the length of the cut (L2) is located at 20% of the inner length (L1) starting from the uppermost point of the inner length (L1).

7. The bushing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The length of the cut (L2) is equal to the inner length (L1).

8. The bushing according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein, The inner surface (102) includes a chamfer point (130), above which an angle (β) defines the inclination angle of the inner surface (102) relative to the longitudinal axis (A).

9. The bushing according to claim 8, wherein, The chamfer angle (β) is greater than the fulcrum angle (α).

10. The bushing according to claim 8, wherein, The chamfer point (130) is located at 30% of the inner length (L1) starting from the uppermost point.

11. A rotary crusher (1) comprising a bushing according to any one of claims 1-10.

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