Battery cabinet with flame protection / management configuration

Abstract

In one aspect, this disclosure relates to a battery cabinet device with flame and hazardous gas management capabilities. The device has a plurality of parallel vertical frame elements, a plurality of spaced-apart shelves disposed within an internal area of ​​the device, and a plurality of louver panels. The louver panels are arranged one above another and connected to a first pair of vertical frame elements. Each louver panel has an upper portion and a lower portion, wherein the lower portion is angled inward relative to the internal area of ​​the device. In this manner, the upper portion of a first louver panel engages with the lower portion of a second louver panel disposed directly above the first louver panel to form an opening for venting at least one of a flame or hazardous gas generated within the device.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 398,662, filed August 10, 2021, and also claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 064,204, filed August 11, 2020. The entire disclosure of the above applications is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to equipment cabinets for electrical and electronic equipment, and more specifically to equipment cabinets having a flame protection / management structure for limiting the propagation of flames and harmful gases caused by a component at one shelf location of the cabinet to other shelf locations of the cabinet. Background Technology

[0004] The statements in this section provide only background information in relation to this disclosure and may not constitute prior art.

[0005] As lithium-ion batteries are used in equipment cabinets in today's data centers and other wide area network (WAN) environments, fire codes in most jurisdictions are increasingly including standards for testing the fire resistance of lithium-ion batteries. These batteries are becoming increasingly popular in uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) systems, as many modern UPS systems use this type of battery. In the United States, Underwriters Laboratories has developed specific standards for the use of lithium-ion batteries in UPS equipment cabinets.

[0006] Such cabinets for holding lithium batteries typically hold one or more battery cells on multiple shelves arranged at varying heights within the cabinet, with one battery above another. Therefore, if a battery cell catches fire, it is crucial to prevent the flames propagating upwards from that cell, as well as the hot gases released from the damaged cell, from rapidly igniting one or more battery cells on any shelf above it; otherwise, there is a high risk of explosion within the cabinet. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to rapidly remove the flames and harmful gases generated by a burning battery cell (or string of cells) from the cabinet to prevent, or at least substantially stop, the fire from spreading to batteries on other shelves within the same cabinet. Given the relatively stringent limitations imposed on equipment cabinets today, this has proven to be a challenging problem. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This section provides a general overview of the disclosure, and is not a complete disclosure of the full scope or all features of the disclosure.

[0008] In one aspect, this disclosure relates to a battery cabinet device with flame and hazardous gas management capabilities. The device may include a plurality of parallel vertical frame elements, a plurality of spaced-apart shelves disposed within an internal area of ​​the device, and a plurality of louver panels. The louver panels may be arranged such that one is above another and connected to a first pair of vertical frame elements. Each louver panel may include an upper portion and a lower portion. The lower portion is disposed below the upper portion and angled inward relative to the internal area of ​​the device. In this manner, the upper portion of a first louver panel engages with the lower portion of a second louver panel disposed directly above the first louver panel to form an opening for venting at least one of a flame or hazardous gas generated within the device.

[0009] In another aspect, this disclosure relates to a battery cabinet device with flame and hazardous gas management capabilities. The device may include a plurality of parallel vertical frame elements, a plurality of spaced-apart shelves disposed within an internal area of ​​the device, and a plurality of first louver panels and a plurality of second louver panels. The louver panels of the plurality of first louver panels may be arranged such that one is above the other and connected to a first pair of vertical frame elements located on a first side of the device. The louver panels of the plurality of second louver panels may be arranged such that one is above the other and connected to a second pair of vertical frame elements located on a second side of the device opposite to the first side. Each of the plurality of first and second louver panels may include an upper portion and a lower portion disposed below the upper portion, the lower portion being angled inward relative to the internal area of ​​the device. The upper and lower portions of vertically adjacent louver panels cooperate to form an opening for venting at least one of a flame or hazardous gas generated within the device. It may include a top panel operatively supported by the upper end of a vertical frame element, and the top panel having multiple openings for facilitating the venting of at least one of a flame or a hazardous gas from the interior area of ​​the device. It may also include multiple side panels configured to cover louvered panels.

[0010] In another aspect, this disclosure relates to a method for forming a battery cabinet with flame and hazardous gas management capabilities. The method may include: arranging a plurality of vertical frame elements parallel to each other; and arranging a plurality of spaced-apart shelves within an internal area of ​​the device. The method may further include: arranging a plurality of louvered panels, one above the other, and connecting the plurality of louvered panels to a first pair of vertical frame elements. The method may include configuring each louvered panel to have an upper portion and a lower portion, wherein the lower portion is angled inward relative to the internal area of ​​the device. In this manner, the upper portion of a first louvered panel engages with the lower portion of a second louvered panel positioned directly above the first louvered panel to form an opening for venting at least one of a flame or hazardous gas generated within the device.

[0011] Other application areas will become apparent from the descriptions provided herein. The descriptions and specific examples in this overview are intended for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The accompanying drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only, and not for all possible implementations, and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0013] Throughout the various views of the accompanying drawings, corresponding reference numerals indicate the corresponding components.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a front / left perspective view of one embodiment of the equipment cabinet according to this disclosure;

[0015] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 3D view of the back / right side of the cabinet;

[0016] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 An exploded perspective view of a portion of the cabinet, showing the outer side panel and middle side panel located on one side of the cabinet, as well as the louver panel.

[0017] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A side view of the cabinet, but without the outer and middle panels, which clearly shows the louvered panels.

[0018] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The cabinet is shown from above, illustrating the elongated openings formed at the upper end of each louver panel.

[0019] Figure 6It is a 3D view of one of the louver panels;

[0020] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 A three-dimensional view of one of the middle side panels of the cabinet;

[0021] Figure 8 It is a 3D view of a removable front panel; and

[0022] Figure 9 It is a 3D view of one of the removable back panels. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The illustration shows an equipment cabinet 10 (hereinafter simply referred to as "cabinet 10") according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Cabinet 10 includes a plurality of four vertically arranged frame elements 12 coupled to a plurality of four upper horizontally arranged frame elements 14 to form a frame-like structure 16, which can be coupled with a plurality of removable panels. The removable panels include a plurality of removable outer side panels 18, a removable rear panel 20, and a removable front panel 22. A top panel 24 can be secured to the horizontal frame elements 14 at the top portion of the frame-like structure 16. The outer panels 18 to 24 can be secured via threaded screws (not shown) or any other suitable type of fastener. Internally, a plurality of spaced-apart shelves 26 are supported by horizontal members (not shown) attached to the vertical frame elements 12 and extending between the vertical frame elements 12. Each shelf 26 defines a corresponding shelf location where a battery cell 28 or battery string (i.e., a collection of battery cells) can be supported. In this example, cabinet 10 is used to support lithium-ion battery cells and battery cell strings, but basically any type of battery can be housed within cabinet 10. For convenience only, the following discussion will refer to battery cell 28 or battery string simply as "battery" or "battery pack" 28.

[0025] Preferably, an expansion material layer may be provided on the upper surface of each shelf 26 on which the battery cell 28 rests. Optionally, an additional expansion material layer may be fixed to the lower surface 26a of each shelf 26. In one example, the expansion material may be available from Pyrophobic Systems, Ltd. The expanded thermoplastic, or in another example, the expanded material could be 3M Fire Barrier Composite Sheet CS-195+, or any other expanded material suitable for use as a thermal insulation and flame retardant layer.

[0026] Figure 3 and Figure 4 The illustration also shows that cabinet 10 includes a middle side panel 30 and a louvered panel 32 located on the opposite side of cabinet 10. Figure 5 The louvered panel 32 along one side of cabinet 10 is shown more clearly, and Figure 6 A louver panel 32 is shown in more detail. (See reference...) Figure 6 Each louver panel 32 includes an upper portion 32a and a lower portion 32b. The lower portion 32b is angled to project inwards when the upper portion is secured to a pair of vertical frame elements 12 at position 32c via rivets (or possibly threaded fasteners). The lower portion 32b includes an opening 32d that allows rivets (or possibly threaded fasteners) to be used to secure the louver panel to a horizontal member (not shown) extending between selected pairs of vertical frame elements 12. Figure 5 As shown, the lower portion 32b is angled relative to the upper portion 32a, allowing the upper portion 32a of each louver panel 32 to engage with the lower portion 32b of the louver panel 32 directly above it to form an elongated opening 34. This is a key feature of the cabinet 10, as the elongated opening 34 forms a ventilation area through which flames and harmful gases from a battery 28 that is already on fire or about to catch fire can exit from the space between the shelves 26 above and below the battery 28. Upon exiting the elongated opening 34, the flames and harmful gases can be vertically directed upwards within the space formed between the louver panel 32 and the middle side panel 30, and discharged through perforations 38 in the top panel 24, as discussed further below. Therefore, the louver panel 32 provides a means to prevent, or at least substantially prevent, flames and harmful gases from rising and directly heating or engulfing the battery 28 on the shelf 26 directly above the damaged battery. This controlled vertical drainage of flames and hazardous gases from cabinet 10 provides valuable time for responding to a fire and helps prevent the entire cabinet 10, along with all other still-operating battery packs 28 supported within it, from being rapidly engulfed in flames. The elongated opening 34 also offers the valuable benefit of rapidly draining hazardous gases generated during battery fires from cabinet 10, thereby significantly reducing the likelihood of an explosion within cabinet 10.

[0027] Further reference Figure 7The diagram shows a middle side panel 30 in more detail. The middle side panel 30 includes an upper portion 30a and a lower portion 30b. The upper portion 30a includes an opening 30c that allows the middle side panel 30 to engage with another vertically adjacent middle side panel 30. A notch 30d facilitates alignment of the middle side panel 30 with the outer side panel 18 by means of a protrusion (not shown) on the outer side panel that slides into the notch. Optionally, an expansion material layer may be included on one or both opposite surfaces of the middle side panel 30, or even possibly on the inner surface of the outer side panel 18, to further help reduce heat transfer to adjacently positioned equipment cabinets. The lower portion 30b of the middle side panel also includes an opening 30e that allows externally threaded fasteners to be used to secure the lower portion 30b to a selected pair of vertical frame elements 12. The middle side panel 30 also helps to prevent flames and harmful gases from escaping laterally from the side of the cabinet 10 and to prevent flames and harmful gases from potentially damaging other adjacent cabinets and / or equipment.

[0028] Figure 8 and Figure 9 A perspective view of the removable front panel 22 and the removable rear panel 20 is shown respectively. The front panel 22 and the rear panel 20 help prevent any flames and / or harmful gases from escaping from the front or rear area of ​​the cabinet 10, respectively, during a fire. Figure 8 In the case of the front panel 22, opposing flanges 22b extend from the planar body portion 22a and include holes 22c for attachment to a pair of front vertical frame elements 12 via threaded fasteners. The removable rear panel 20 similarly includes a body portion 20a having flanges 20b with holes 20c. The holes 20c allow the removable rear panel 20 to be attached to a pair of rear vertical frame elements 12. The continuously vertically positioned front panels 22 together form a continuous wall along the front side of the cabinet 10, while the continuously positioned rear panels 20 together form a continuous wall along the rear side of the cabinet.

[0029] Further reference Figure 5 The top panel 24 can be seen in more detail. The top panel 24 is removably secured to the horizontal frame element 14 via conventional threaded fasteners (not shown). The top panel 24 includes a plurality of perforated areas or perforated zones 38, which allow any flames and gases that have been vertically directed upward through the space formed between the louver panel 32 and the middle side panel 30 to be discharged from the cabinet 10 via the elongated opening 34. Figure 5 The perforated area 38 in the illustration is preferably sized to match the length and width of the elongated opening 34.

[0030] The various panels of cabinet 10 can be made of carbon steel, aluminum, or any other suitable, robust, and generally fire-resistant material. However, given the structural strength, relatively light weight, durability, and ability to provide relatively good fire and heat resistance of carbon steel, it is expected to be a particularly popular material for constructing the various panels of the cabinet.

[0031] If any of the batteries in the battery pack 28 catches fire, the cabinet 10 of this disclosure offers the significant advantage of helping to guide flames and harmful gases away from the cabinet. Importantly, the louvered panel 32 does not significantly increase the overall footprint of the cabinet 10, or otherwise interfere with the shelf positions within the cabinet, or otherwise significantly increase the overall construction cost, weight, or construction complexity of the cabinet. Regardless of which shelf position the fire occurs on, the louvered panel 32 and the center side panel 30 help protect the shelf position (and the battery) directly above the affected battery 28, as well as other equipment cabinets located adjacent to the cabinet 10. This provides valuable time for responding to an emergency and helps prevent, or at least substantially prevent, damage to other battery packs and components located within the equipment cabinet above the affected shelf position, which could exacerbate the emergency. Excellent flame control also potentially allows equipment cabinets, including those constructed herein, to be positioned closer to each other than those typically possible with conventional equipment cabinet constructions. This can help to utilize the available floor space in a given room more efficiently.

[0032] The foregoing description of embodiments has been provided for purposes of illustration and description. The foregoing description is not intended to be exhaustive or limiting of this disclosure. Elements or features of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but are interchangeable where applicable, and may be used in selected embodiments even if not specifically shown or described. Elements or features of a particular embodiment may also be varied in many ways. Such variations are not considered a departure from this disclosure, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this disclosure.

[0033] Exemplary implementations are provided to make this disclosure thorough and to fully convey the scope to those skilled in the art. Numerous specific details, such as examples of particular components, apparatuses, and methods, are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of this disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that specific details are not required, that the exemplary implementations may be practiced in many different forms, and none of them should be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. In some exemplary implementations, well-known processes, well-known apparatus structures, and well-known techniques are not described in detail.

[0034] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. Unless specifically indicated in order of execution, the method steps, processes, and operations described herein should not be construed as requiring them to be performed in the particular order discussed or described. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.

[0035] When an element or layer is referred to as “on another element or layer,” “joined to,” “connected to,” or “attached to” another element or layer, the element or layer may be directly on, directly joined to, directly connected to, or directly attached to the other element or layer, or there may be intermediate elements or layers present. Conversely, when an element is referred to as “directly on another element or layer,” “directly joined to,” “directly connected to,” or “directly attached to” another element or layer, there may be no intermediate elements or layers present. Other terms used to describe relationships between elements (e.g., “between” vs. “directly between,” “adjacent” vs. “directly adjacent,” etc.) should be understood in the same manner. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0036] Although the terms first, second, and third, etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, components, areas, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, areas, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, area, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as “first,” “second,” and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, area, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as a second element, component, area, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0037] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as “inner,” “outer,” “below,” “below,” “down,” “above,” and “up” are used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature and another element or feature illustrated in the figures. Spatial relative terms may be intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation other than those depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is flipped, an element described as “below” or “below” to other elements or features will be oriented “above” to other elements or features. Therefore, the example term “below” can include both above and below orientations. The device may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptive terms used herein are interpreted accordingly.

Claims

1. A battery cabinet device with flame and hazardous gas management capabilities, the device comprising: Multiple parallel vertical frame elements; Multiple spaced shelves are disposed within the internal area of ​​the equipment; Multiple louver panels, the louver panels being arranged one above another and connected to a first pair of vertical frame elements in the vertical frame elements; Each of the louver panels includes: upper part; and A lower portion, located below the upper portion and angled inward relative to the internal region of the device, is positioned such that the upper portion of the first louver panel engages with the lower portion of the second louver panel, located directly above the first louver panel, to form a horizontally arranged opening for venting at least one of a flame or harmful gas generated within the device. The device also includes: A plurality of first intermediate side panels, the plurality of first intermediate side panels being parallel and adjacent to the plurality of louvered panels, to form a first space between the plurality of first intermediate side panels and the plurality of louvered panels for assisting in the upward diversion of at least one of a flame or a harmful gas toward the upper region of the device; and A plurality of first removable outer side panels, the plurality of first removable outer side panels being used to cover the plurality of first intermediate side panels. Each of the plurality of first intermediate side panels includes an upper portion of an intermediate side panel and a lower portion of an intermediate side panel. The upper portion of the intermediate side panel includes an opening that allows the first intermediate side panel to be connected to another vertically adjacent first intermediate side panel. The lower portion of the intermediate side panel includes a recess that allows the first intermediate side panel to be aligned with the first removable outer side panel by means of a protrusion on a corresponding first removable outer side panel that slides into the recess. The surface of each first intermediate side panel includes a layer of expanded material.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein, The upper and lower portions of the plurality of louver panels cooperate to form a plurality of spaced openings arranged one above the other for the discharge of at least one of a flame or a harmful gas.

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein, The plurality of louvered panels are arranged on one side of the device.

4. The device according to claim 3, wherein, The upper portion of the louver panel is connected to the pair of vertical frame elements.

5. The device of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of additional louver panels, the plurality of additional louver panels being fixedly connected to a second pair of vertical frame elements of the plurality of vertical frame elements and arranged vertically such that one is above the other, each of the plurality of additional louver panels comprising: Upper part; as well as In the lower portion, the lower portion of each of the plurality of additional louver panels is angled inward relative to the internal region of the device, such that vertically adjacent pairs of additional louver panels form a plurality of vertically spaced openings for the discharge of at least one of a flame or a harmful gas.

6. The device according to claim 5, wherein, The plurality of additional louver panels are arranged on the side of the device opposite to and parallel to the plurality of louver panels.

7. The device according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the plurality of louver panels includes a plurality of openings for receiving individual fastening elements to secure the plurality of louver panels to the first pair of vertical frame elements.

8. The device according to claim 5, wherein: Each of the plurality of louver panels includes a plurality of first openings for securing the louver panel to the first pair of vertical frame elements using a plurality of first independent fastening elements; and Each of the plurality of additional louver panels includes a plurality of second openings for securing the plurality of additional louver panels to the second pair of vertical frame elements.

9. The device according to claim 1, further comprising: A top panel, which extends vertically relative to and is operatively supported by the plurality of vertical frame elements to cover the upper region of the device, the top panel including a plurality of openings for discharging at least one of a flame or a harmful gas from the interior region of the device.

10. The device according to claim 9, further comprising: Multiple horizontal frame elements, which are connected to multiple vertical frame elements; as well as The top panel is fixed to the plurality of horizontal frame elements.

11. The device according to claim 5, further comprising: A plurality of second intermediate side panels are arranged adjacent to and parallel to the plurality of additional louver panels to form a second space between the plurality of second intermediate side panels and the plurality of additional louver panels for directing at least one of the flame or harmful gas upward toward the upper region of the device.

12. The device according to claim 11, wherein, Each of the plurality of second intermediate side panels includes an upper portion and a lower portion, and the upper portion of each second intermediate side panel facilitates connection to the lower portion of one of the plurality of second intermediate side panels.

13. The device of claim 11, further comprising a plurality of second removable external side panels capable of being fixed to the plurality of second intermediate side panels.

14. The device of claim 1, further comprising a removable front panel disposed above the front region of the device, the removable front panel extending perpendicularly to the plurality of louver panels.

15. A battery cabinet device with flame and hazardous gas management capabilities, the device comprising: Multiple parallel vertical frame elements; Multiple spaced shelves are disposed within the internal area of ​​the equipment; A plurality of first louver panels, the plurality of first louver panels being arranged such that one is above another and connected to a first pair of vertical frame elements located on a first side of the device in the vertical frame elements; A plurality of second louver panels, the plurality of second louver panels being arranged such that one is above another and connected to a second pair of vertical frame elements located on a second side of the device opposite to the first side; Each of the plurality of first louver panels and the plurality of second louver panels includes: upper part; and A lower portion disposed below the upper portion, the lower portion being angled inward relative to the internal region of the device; The upper and lower portions of the vertically adjacent louver panels in the louver panel cooperate to form a horizontally arranged opening for venting at least one of the flames or harmful gases generated within the equipment. A top panel, operatively supported by the upper end of the vertical frame element, and having a plurality of openings for facilitating the discharge of at least one of a flame or a harmful gas from the internal area of ​​the device; The device also includes: A plurality of first intermediate side panels, the plurality of first intermediate side panels being parallel and adjacent to the plurality of first louver panels, forming a first space between the plurality of first intermediate side panels and the plurality of first louver panels to help direct at least one of a flame or a harmful gas upward toward an upper region of the device; and a plurality of first removable external side panels for covering the plurality of first intermediate side panels. Each of the plurality of first intermediate side panels includes an upper portion of an intermediate side panel and a lower portion of an intermediate side panel. The upper portion of the intermediate side panel includes an opening that allows the first intermediate side panel to be connected to another vertically adjacent first intermediate side panel. The lower portion of the intermediate side panel includes a recess that allows the first intermediate side panel to be aligned with the first removable outer side panel by means of a protrusion on a corresponding first removable outer side panel that slides into the recess. The surface of each first intermediate side panel includes a layer of expanded material.

16. The device according to claim 15, wherein, The device also includes a plurality of second intermediate side panels for covering the plurality of second louver panels; and The plurality of second intermediate side panels help to form a second space between the plurality of second intermediate side panels and the plurality of second louver panels, which helps to direct at least one of the flames or harmful gases upward toward the upper end of the device.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising: A plurality of second removable outer side panels are provided for covering the plurality of second intermediate side panels.

18. A method for forming a battery cabinet device with flame and hazardous gas management capabilities, the method comprising: Arrange multiple vertical frame elements parallel to each other; Multiple spaced shelves are arranged within the internal area of ​​the equipment; Arrange multiple louver panels so that one is above another, and connect the multiple louver panels to the first pair of vertical frame elements in the vertical frame elements; as well as Each of the louver panels is configured to have an upper portion and a lower portion, wherein the lower portion is angled inward relative to the interior region of the device, such that the upper portion of the first louver panel engages with the lower portion of a second louver panel located directly above the first louver panel to form a horizontally arranged opening for venting at least one of a flame or harmful gas generated within the device. The method further includes: A plurality of first intermediate side panels are provided and arranged parallel to and adjacent to a plurality of louver panels, wherein a first space is formed between the plurality of first intermediate side panels and the plurality of louver panels to help direct at least one of a flame or a harmful gas upward toward the upper region of the device; and Provide a plurality of first removable external side panels and cover the plurality of first removable external side panels with the plurality of first intermediate side panels. Each of the plurality of first intermediate side panels includes an upper portion of an intermediate side panel and a lower portion of an intermediate side panel. The upper portion of the intermediate side panel includes an opening that allows the first intermediate side panel to be connected to another vertically adjacent first intermediate side panel. The lower portion of the intermediate side panel includes a recess that allows the first intermediate side panel to be aligned with the first removable outer side panel by means of a protrusion on a corresponding first removable outer side panel that slides into the recess. The surface of each first intermediate side panel includes a layer of expanded material.

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