Methods of calculating gingival deformation, design and manufacturing methods of shell-like tooth aligners

Abstract

The embodiment of the application relates to the tooth correction field, and discloses a method for calculating gum deformation, and a design and manufacturing method of a shell-shaped tooth corrector. In the embodiment of the application, a hard palate region, a tooth and jaw feature part and a gum model are identified from a digital tooth and jaw model; the hard palate region after expansion is calculated according to a preset hard palate expansion model; and the gum model after deformation is calculated according to a preset gum deformation model, the hard palate region after expansion and target spatial positions of the tooth and jaw feature part after movement. The influence of hard palate expansion is considered when the gum deforms, so that the calculated gum model after deformation is more in line with physiological characteristics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of orthodontics, and in particular to a method for calculating gingival deformation and a method for designing and manufacturing shell-shaped orthodontic appliances. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with increasing emphasis on dental health, the demand for orthodontic treatment has become more widespread. Compared to traditional braces, invisible aligners eliminate the need for brackets and wires. Made from safe, elastic, and transparent polymer materials, the treatment process is virtually unnoticed by others, minimizing disruption to daily life and social interactions. Furthermore, the elimination of the cumbersome process of bonding brackets and adjusting archwires significantly simplifies clinical procedures, making the entire treatment process more time-efficient and less strenuous. Invisible aligner technology inherits the traditional concepts of orthodontic treatment and represents a perfect combination of modern oral medicine, computer-aided 3D diagnosis, personalized design, and digital molding technology.

[0003] Determining gingival deformation is a crucial step in orthodontic treatment. The gingiva not only indicates the position of the teeth and jaws during treatment but is also an important parameter in the production of shell-shaped orthodontic appliances. Currently, gingival deformation is typically determined by considering the deformation caused by tooth movement. However, during orthodontic treatment, in addition to tooth movement influencing the deformation process, other physiological factors also play a role. Therefore, gingival deformation calculated solely based on tooth displacement is inaccurate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for calculating gingival deformation and a method for designing and manufacturing shell-shaped orthodontic appliances, so that the influence of hard palate expansion is considered when gingival deformation occurs, and the calculated gingival model after deformation is more in line with physiological characteristics and more accurate.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this application provide a method for calculating gingival deformation, comprising the following steps: identifying the hard palate region, dental and jaw feature regions, and gingival model from a digital dental and jaw model; calculating the expanded hard palate region based on a preset hard palate expansion model; and calculating the deformed gingival model based on a preset gingival deformation model, the expanded hard palate region, and the target spatial position of the dental and jaw feature regions after movement.

[0006] The embodiments of this application also provide a method for designing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance, comprising: obtaining an orthodontic treatment plan; constructing a digital dental model with a hard palate region that changes from a first layout to a second layout based on the orthodontic treatment plan; wherein, gingival information and hard palate information in the digital dental model that changes from the first layout to the second layout are obtained according to the above-described method for calculating gingival deformation; and designing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance based on the digital dental model corresponding to the second layout.

[0007] The embodiments of this application also provide a method for manufacturing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance, comprising: designing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance based on the above-described method for designing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance, and manufacturing the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance using an additive manufacturing method.

[0008] Embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, including: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the above-described method for calculating gingival deformation, or to perform the above-described method for designing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance, or to perform the above-described method for manufacturing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance.

[0009] Embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for calculating gingival deformation, or the above-described method for designing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance, or the above-described method for manufacturing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance.

[0010] In this embodiment, when calculating the gingival model, not only are the changes caused by tooth movement considered, but also the influence of hard palate expansion on gingival deformation during growth and development is taken into account. This makes the calculation of gingival deformation more consistent with the physiological characteristics of the case, improves the accuracy of gingival deformation calculation, and ensures the orthodontic effect.

[0011] Furthermore, the step of calculating the expanded hard palate region based on a preset hard palate expansion model includes: obtaining the hard palate expansion coefficient of the case to which the digital dental model belongs within the target orthodontic cycle; using the hard palate expansion coefficient and the spatial positions of each grid vertex in the hard palate region before expansion as input parameters of the hard palate expansion model, and calculating the expanded spatial positions of each grid vertex through the hard palate expansion model; wherein, the expanded hard palate region is characterized by the expanded spatial positions of each grid vertex. That is, considering the hard palate expansion coefficient of the case within the target orthodontic cycle when calculating hard palate expansion, it can be understood that the hard palate expansion coefficient is different for different cases and different orthodontic stages; this makes the calculation of hard palate expansion more accurate and the personalized customization effect better.

[0012] Furthermore, the target spatial position of the dental and jaw features after movement refers to the spatial position that the dental and jaw features need to be moved to within the target orthodontic cycle. That is, the position after gingival line movement and the calculation of hard palate expansion correspond to the same orthodontic cycle, making the calculation results more targeted. Attached Figure Description

[0013] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for calculating gingival deformation according to one embodiment of this application;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a method for calculating gingival deformation according to one embodiment of this application;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a method for designing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance according to one embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance according to one embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the various embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been presented in the various embodiments of this application to enable readers to better understand this application. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented. The division of the various embodiments below is for the convenience of description and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation of this application. The various embodiments can be combined with and referenced by each other without contradiction.

[0020] Current methods for calculating gingival deformation typically control the tooth displacement process to ensure the gingiva reaches the target position. However, during orthodontic treatment, the hard palate expands as the patient grows and develops, influencing the deformation process. Therefore, ignoring this normal physiological change reduces the accuracy of predicting gingival deformation, thus affecting treatment outcomes.

[0021] One embodiment of this application relates to a method for calculating gingival deformation. The specific process is as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0022] Step 101: Identify the hard palate region, dental features, and gingival model from the digital dental model;

[0023] Step 102: Calculate the expanded hard palate region based on the preset hard palate expansion model;

[0024] Step 103: Calculate the deformed gingival model based on the preset gingival deformation model, the expanded hard palate region, and the target spatial position of the moved dental and jaw feature parts.

[0025] The following is a detailed description of the implementation details of the method for calculating gingival deformation in this embodiment. The following content is only for the convenience of understanding and is not necessary for implementing this solution.

[0026] In step 101, the hard palate region, dental features, and gingival model are identified from the digital dental model. That is, initial parameters for prediction are obtained from the digital dental model from which gingival deformation needs to be predicted, including the hard palate region, dental features, and gingival model.

[0027] In one example, the digital dental model was obtained based on dentition information from cases aged 3-9 years. Specifically, because cases aged 3-9 years exhibit greater hard palate expansion and deformation during growth compared to adults or other older age ranges, the impact of hard palate expansion on the long-term evolution and prediction of the gingival model is also greater. Using the method for calculating gingival deformation provided in this embodiment on the gingival model of cases aged 3-9 years allows for more accurate prediction of the deformed gingival model.

[0028] In one example, the dental and occlusal features include at least one of the following features: the gingival line and the dental arch curve. Gingival deformation parameters can be obtained from the gingival line or the dental arch curve. For example, the spatial positional changes of the dental arch curve during different treatment cycles can characterize the partial deformation corresponding to the digital dental and occlusal model.

[0029] In one example, identifying the hard palate region from a digital dental model includes: identifying the gingival line from the digital dental model; determining the initial hard palate region based on the gingival line; and identifying the hard palate region based on the geodesic distances from each grid vertex in the initial hard palate region to the boundary line of the initial hard palate region. The geodesic distances and corresponding allowable error ranges can be preset. Specifically, if the geodesic distances from each grid vertex in the initial hard palate region to the boundary line of the initial hard palate region are within the allowable error range, then the region belongs to the hard palate region. Among all the grid vertices selected within the hard palate region, the grid vertices that, when connected, can enclose the largest area (or smallest area, where the condition can be customized) are selected and connected. The resulting connected region is the hard palate region. In one specific implementation, the initial hard palate region can be identified on the digital dental model based on the lingual gingival line of the teeth and the geodesic connectors at both ends of the lingual gingival line of the teeth. Here, the geodesic connector is the longest connecting line between the distal endpoints of the left and right sides of the lingual gingival line of the teeth. The lingual gingival line of the teeth and the geodesic connector form a closed region, which can be used as the initial hard palate region.

[0030] In one example, the initial hard palate region is determined based on the gingival line. For instance, the vertex closest to the lingual side in the buccal-lingual direction is selected from the gingival line vertices of each tooth; these vertices are connected sequentially according to the tooth arrangement to form the first geodesic connector; the vertices selected from the gingival line vertices of the two molars are then connected to form the second geodesic connector; the area enclosed by the first and second geodesic connectors constitutes the initial hard palate region. Figure 2 As shown. Since the gingival line is identified in the digital dental model, which is a mesh model with multiple mesh vertices, the gingival line vertex of each tooth is the mesh vertex on the gingival line of that tooth. For each tooth, the vertex closest to the lingual side is selected from the multiple gingival line vertices as the endpoint of the first geodesic connector on the current tooth. Then, the endpoints of the multiple geodesic connectors on the teeth are connected to obtain the first geodesic connector. The vertices selected from the gingival line vertices of the two molars in the digital dental model are connected to obtain the second geodesic connector. The first geodesic connector and the second geodesic connector make contact at the selected vertices of the gingival line vertices of the molars, thus forming an enclosed area, which is the initial hard palate region. It is understood that if there are missing teeth in the digital dental model, replacement teeth can be generated at the location of the missing teeth to obtain the initial hard palate region. Replacement teeth can be automatically generated based on historical data or obtained according to the settings of professionals, and this embodiment is not limited.

[0031] Furthermore, the aforementioned geodesic connector, first geodesic connector, and second geodesic connector can be constructed according to the surface morphology of the digital dental model, that is, the geodesic connector, first geodesic connector, and second geodesic connector are all located on the surface of the digital dental model.

[0032] Compared to constructing the initial hard palate region using the gingival line on the lingual side of the teeth and the corresponding geodesic ligature, this embodiment constructs the initial hard palate region based on the vertex closest to the lingual side of the gingival line vertex of each tooth. The resulting initial hard palate region has a smoother boundary, avoiding the error caused by the irregular boundary of the gingival line on the contact surface of each tooth in the selection of the initial hard palate region.

[0033] In step 102, the expanded hard palate region is calculated based on a preset hard palate expansion model. The input to the hard palate expansion model can be relevant parameters of the hard palate region before expansion. Based on these parameters, the hard palate expansion model predicts the state of the dental and jaw features after expansion.

[0034] In one example, based on a pre-defined hard palate expansion model, the expanded hard palate region is calculated. For instance, the hard palate expansion coefficient of the case within the target treatment period is obtained from the digital dental model. The hard palate expansion coefficient and the spatial positions of each grid vertex in the hard palate region before expansion are used as input parameters for the hard palate expansion model. The expanded spatial positions of each grid vertex are then calculated using the hard palate expansion model. The expanded hard palate region is characterized by the expanded spatial positions of each grid vertex. In other words, a pre-defined hard palate expansion model is used to predict the current state of the hard palate region after deformation. The hard palate expansion coefficient within the target treatment period is considered when calculating hard palate expansion; that is, the hard palate expansion coefficient is different for different cases and different treatment stages. This allows for more accurate and personalized calculations of hard palate expansion, resulting in better customized effects for orthodontic appliances with a hard palate.

[0035] Specifically, a dental coordinate system can be established to label the coordinates of the grid vertices in the hard palate region, facilitating the input or output of spatial positions as parameters to the hard palate expansion model. For example, principal component analysis can be performed on the grid vertex coordinates of the digital dental model. The direction information satisfying the first principal component is set as the X-axis, the direction information satisfying the second principal component is set as the Y-axis, and the direction information satisfying the third principal component is set as the Z-axis. The average value of the coordinate information of all grid vertices in the digital dental model is calculated and set as the origin of the dental coordinate system to obtain the dental coordinate system. The Z-axis, for example, represents the occlusal direction, with the positive direction pointing from the mandible to the maxilla. The X-axis, for example, is perpendicular to the line connecting the midpoints of teeth 11 and 21, with the positive direction pointing from the lingual side to the labial / buccal side, and located on the occlusal plane. After obtaining the Z-axis and X-axis, the Y-axis can be obtained through cross product. The coordinates of the grid vertices in the hard palate region are then labeled in the established dental coordinate system and used as parameters to input into the hard palate expansion model.

[0036] In one example, the target spatial position after the movement of the dentitional features refers to the spatial position that the dentitional features need to be moved to within the target treatment cycle. Combining the target spatial position after the movement of the dentitional features allows for the creation of the target gingival model. That is, the calculation of the gingival line position after movement and the hard palate expansion corresponds to the same treatment cycle, making the calculation results more targeted.

[0037] In one example, the hard palate expansion model is represented by the following formula: x′=(xc)·α+c; where x is the coordinate representation of the spatial position of the grid vertices in the hard palate region before expansion; x′ is the coordinate representation of the spatial position of the grid vertices in the hard palate region after expansion; c is the origin coordinate of the dental coordinate system in which the digital dental model is located; and α is the hard palate expansion coefficient. For hard palate expansion, the expansion method can be along the X-axis of the dental coordinate system, along the Y-axis of the dental coordinate system, or simultaneously along both the X and Y axes. The expansion method can be linearly related to the treatment time, with the vertex coordinates of the hard palate region before expansion being x, and the vertex coordinates of the hard palate region after expansion being x′: x′=(xc)·α+c

[0038] Where c is the origin of the dental coordinate system, and α is the hard palate expansion coefficient.

[0039] In step 103, the deformed gingival model is calculated based on the preset gingival deformation model, the expanded hard palate region, and the target spatial position of the moved dental and occlusal features. In some cases, the deformed gingival model consists of the preset gingival deformation model, the expanded hard palate region, and the target spatial position of the moved dental and occlusal features. That is, the calculation of the deformed gingival model takes into account the expansion of the hard palate region, making the calculated gingival model more consistent with the actual situation during the orthodontic treatment process, effectively improving the treatment outcome.

[0040] In one example, the gingival deformation model is a gradient optimization model for solving the mesh vertices. The expanded hard palate region and the target spatial positions of the moved dentition features serve as constraints for the gradient optimization model of the mesh vertices. Specifically, during orthodontic treatment, not only do the teeth move, but the hard palate region also expands with growth and development. Assume the vertex positions of the teeth at the moved gingival line are t1, t2, ..., t... m (m represents the number of teeth), the vertex position of the hard palate region after expansion is t0 (i.e., x' obtained from the above calculation process), thus forming the constraint condition {t} during the deformation process, which is the position that cannot be exceeded during orthodontic treatment. Using the gingival deformation model for calculation, it can be transformed into solving the following calculation formula:

[0041]

[0042] Among them, u i Let be the vertex position of the gingival model to be determined, n be the number of vertices in the gingival model, and w be the vertex gradient feature of the gingival model before deformation. The constraint consists of two parts: the vertex position of the gingival line and the vertex position of the hard palate region, i.e., {t}. {t} is determined by the vertex positions of the moved gingival line t1, t2, ..., t3. m The equation (m represents the number of teeth) and the vertex position t0 of the hard palate region after expansion (i.e., x' obtained from the above calculation process) are combined, with St representing the constraint conditions. Thus, the gingival model after deformation considering the expansion of the jaw is finally obtained.

[0043] In this embodiment, when calculating the gingival model, not only are the changes caused by tooth movement considered, but also the influence of hard palate expansion on gingival deformation during growth and development is taken into account. This makes the calculation of gingival deformation more consistent with the physiological characteristics of the case, improves the accuracy of gingival deformation calculation, and ensures the orthodontic effect.

[0044] One embodiment of this application relates to a method for designing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance. For example... Figure 3 As shown.

[0045] Step 201: Obtain a dental treatment plan. This can be a dental treatment plan entered by medical staff or other professionals, or a dental treatment plan generated and entered by other devices; that is, there is no limitation on the method or means of obtaining the dental treatment plan.

[0046] Step 202: Construct a digital dental model with a hard palate region, changing from the first layout to the second layout, based on the orthodontic treatment plan. The gingival and hard palate information in the digital dental model from the first to the second layout is obtained using the method for calculating gingival deformation described above. That is, the gingival model obtained by the method for calculating gingival deformation uses the gingival information and hard palate information in the second layout. This means that the gingival and hard palate information in the second layout also takes into account the hard palate expansion, making it more consistent with the physiological characteristics of the case.

[0047] Step 203: Design a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance based on the digital dental model corresponding to the second layout. The shell-shaped orthodontic appliance is designed based on the second layout after hard palate expansion. Because it better matches the physiological characteristics of the patient's teeth, it ensures the orthodontic effect within the corresponding treatment area, thus improving the user experience.

[0048] The steps of the various methods described above are only for clarity. In practice, they can be combined into one step or some steps can be split into multiple steps. As long as they include the same logical relationship, they are all within the scope of protection of this patent. Adding insignificant modifications or introducing insignificant designs to the algorithm or process, but without changing the core design of the algorithm and process, are also within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0049] One embodiment of this application relates to a method for manufacturing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance, such as Figure 4 As shown, it includes:

[0050] Step 301: Design a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance according to the method for designing shell-shaped orthodontic appliances in the above embodiments;

[0051] Step 302: Use additive manufacturing to manufacture shell-shaped orthodontic appliances.

[0052] In this embodiment, a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance is designed based on a design method that takes into account hard palate expansion. The shell-shaped orthodontic appliance is then materialized using additive manufacturing. Because the design of the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance takes into account the influence of hard palate expansion, the manufactured shell-shaped orthodontic appliance better conforms to the patient's physiological characteristics and ensures that the predetermined orthodontic goal is achieved.

[0053] Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, is a manufacturing technology that integrates computer-aided design, material processing and forming technology, and uses digital model files as a basis. It uses software and CNC systems to deposit special metal materials, non-metal materials and medical biomaterials layer by layer through methods such as extrusion, sintering, melting, photopolymerization and spraying to create physical objects.

[0054] It is worth mentioning that all modules involved in this embodiment are logical modules. In practical applications, a logical unit can be a physical unit, a part of a physical unit, or a combination of multiple physical units. Furthermore, to highlight the innovative aspects of this application, this embodiment does not introduce units that are not closely related to solving the technical problem proposed in this application; however, this does not mean that other units are absent from this embodiment.

[0055] One embodiment of this application relates to an electronic device, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it includes at least one processor 401; and,

[0056] The memory 402 is communicatively connected to the at least one processor 401; wherein,

[0057] The memory 402 stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor 401 to enable the at least one processor 401 to perform the above-described method for calculating gingival deformation.

[0058] The memory and processor are connected via a bus, which can include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges, connecting various circuits of one or more processors and memories. The bus can also connect various other circuits, such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and will not be described further herein. The bus interface provides an interface between the bus and the transceiver. The transceiver can be a single element or multiple elements, such as multiple receivers and transmitters, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. Data processed by the processor is transmitted over the wireless medium via an antenna, which further receives data and transmits it to the processor.

[0059] The processor manages the bus and general processing, and also provides various functions, including timing, peripheral interfaces, voltage regulation, power management, and other control functions. Memory is used to store data used by the processor during operation.

[0060] One embodiment of this application relates to a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the method embodiments described above.

[0061] That is, those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. This program is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a device (which may be a microcontroller, chip, etc.) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific examples of implementing this application, and in practical applications, various changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for calculating gingival deformation, characterized in that, include: Identify the hard palate region, dental and jaw features, and gingival model from the digital dental and jaw model; Calculate the expanded hard palate region based on the preset hard palate expansion model; The deformed gingival model is calculated based on the preset gingival deformation model, the expanded hard palate region, and the target spatial position of the dental and jaw feature parts after movement. The step of calculating the expanded hard palate region based on a preset hard palate expansion model includes: Obtain the hard palate expansion coefficient of the case to which the digital dental model belongs during the target orthodontic cycle; The hard palate expansion coefficient and the spatial positions of each grid vertex in the hard palate region before expansion are used as input parameters to the hard palate expansion model. The expanded spatial positions of each grid vertex are calculated by the hard palate expansion model. The expanded hard palate region is characterized by the expanded spatial positions of each grid vertex.

2. The method for calculating gingival deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The digital dental model was obtained based on the dental information of cases aged 3-9 years.

3. The method for calculating gingival deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target spatial position after the movement of the dental and jaw feature refers to the spatial position that the dental and jaw feature needs to be moved to within the target orthodontic cycle.

4. The method for calculating gingival deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hard palate expansion model is represented by the following formula: x′=(xc)·α+c; Where x is the coordinate representation of the spatial position of the grid vertex in the hard palate region before expansion; x' is the coordinate representation of the spatial position of the grid vertex in the hard palate region after expansion; c is the origin coordinate of the dental coordinate system in which the digital dental model is located; and α is the hard palate expansion coefficient.

5. The method for calculating gingival deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dental and jaw features include at least one of the following features: gingival line, dental arch curve.

6. The method for calculating gingival deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gingival deformation model is a gradient optimization solution model for the mesh vertices. The expanded hard palate region and the target spatial positions of the moved dental and jaw feature parts serve as constraints for the gradient optimization solution model of the mesh vertices.

7. The method for calculating gingival deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The identification of the hard palate region from the digital dental model includes: The gingival line was identified from the digital dental model; Determine the initial hard palate region based on the gingival line; The hard palate region is identified based on the geodesic distance from each grid vertex in the initial hard palate region to the boundary line of the initial hard palate region.

8. The method for calculating gingival deformation according to claim 7, characterized in that, Determining the initial hard palate region based on the gingival line includes: Select the vertex closest to the lingual side in the buccal-lingual direction from the gingival apex of each tooth; The vertices selected from the gingival line vertices of each tooth are connected sequentially according to the tooth arrangement order to form the first geodesic connection line; Connect the vertices selected from the gingival vertices of the two molars to form the second geodesic connector; The region enclosed by the first geodesic connector and the second geodesic connector is the initial hard palate region.

9. A method for designing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance, characterized in that, include: Get a dental orthodontic treatment plan; The digital dental model with a hard palate region is constructed according to the orthodontic treatment plan, which is changed from a first layout to a second layout; wherein, the gingival information and hard palate information in the digital dental model from the first layout to the second layout are obtained according to any one of the methods for calculating gingival deformation according to claims 1-8; Design a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance based on the digital dental model corresponding to the second layout.

10. A method for manufacturing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance, characterized in that, include: The method for designing shell-shaped orthodontic appliances according to claim 9 is used to design shell-shaped orthodontic appliances; The shell-shaped orthodontic appliance is manufactured using additive manufacturing methods.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor; as well as, A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, which enable the at least one processor to perform the method for calculating gingival deformation as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, or to perform the method for designing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance as described in claim 9, or to perform the method for manufacturing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance as described in claim 10.

12. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method for calculating gingival deformation as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, or the method for designing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance as described in claim 9, or the method for manufacturing a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance as described in claim 10.

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