Suspension system ball housing design method, machining method, control arm, system and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a suspension system ball shell design method, a processing method, a control arm, a system and a vehicle, uses CATIA software, and includes the following steps: on the connecting piece knuckle of the control arm ball head pin, a line segment coinciding with the ball head pin axis and passing through the ball pin hard point is created and published; in the DMU module, the suspension system model containing the designed control arm and the knuckle is opened and the "design mode" is entered; the published line segment on the knuckle is selected as the "element to be drawn", the designed target control arm is selected as the "reference product", and the "trajectory target" item is selected as the "reference product"; the trajectory of the line segment relative to the control arm is obtained according to the law curve simulation of the suspension system; the ball pin trajectory line segment is cut off by a plane perpendicular to the ball pin axis, and the ball head movement trajectory is obtained through projection. According to the ball head movement actual trajectory, the ball shell machining surface structure is designed, the space required by the ball head movement is met, and the precise design is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of suspension system spherical shell machining design, specifically to a suspension system spherical shell machining trajectory design method, machining method, control arm, suspension system, and vehicle based on CATIA software. Background Technology

[0002] For a suspension system, once the wheel's relative design position, vertical travel, and steering gear travel are determined, the entire wheel-side motion trajectory is established, and the rule curve design proceeds accordingly. All ball joints will generate a swing angle during this motion. The swing angle is the angle of the ball joint pin relative to its initial position. The initial position is generally when the ball joint pin and the ball housing are parallel, so the angle between the ball joint pin and the ball housing can also be used to characterize the ball joint's swing angle. At a certain moment, the ball joint's swing angle reaches its maximum value, which can be obtained through measurement. The lower end of the ball housing is machined, with the machining amount ensuring that the ball joint pin and the ball housing do not interfere with each other during movement. However, sufficient strength must be provided to ensure that the ball joint pin will not break through the ball housing and detach during use under stress.

[0003] The existing control arm structure, with its spherical shell profile machined, is created by verifying the maximum swing angle of the control arm ball joint pin during wheel-side movement, and then machining one revolution according to this swing angle. This method results in a spherical shell machining structure that far exceeds actual requirements, leading to excessive machining and reduced strength. To meet strength requirements, a larger ball joint specification must be used, increasing the weight of the assembly components. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a method for designing the machining trajectory of a spherical shell based on CATIA software. The method uses CATIA software to perform precise simulation analysis of the ball head's motion trajectory, and optimizes the ball head structure based on the simulation results. The method includes the following steps:

[0005] S1. On the control arm ball joint connector steering knuckle, create a line segment that coincides with the ball joint axis and passes through the ball joint hard point, and publish it.

[0006] S2. In the DMU module, open the suspension system model containing the designed control arm and steering knuckle, and enter "Design Mode".

[0007] S3. Using the "Track" command, select the upper line segment of the steering knuckle published in S1 as the "Element to be plotted on the track", select the design target control arm as "Reference Product", and select "Reference Product" for the "Track Target" item.

[0008] S4. For the suspension system, simulate according to the rule curve, which is provided by the suspension system, to obtain the motion trajectory of the line segment in S1 relative to the control arm, which is the motion trajectory of the ball joint pin relative to the control arm.

[0009] S5. Use a plane perpendicular to the axis of the ball joint pin to cut off the ball joint pin trajectory line segment. The projection of the ball joint pin trajectory line onto the plane is the ball joint pin motion trajectory.

[0010] S6. Based on the ball pin's movement trajectory, construct an ellipse or oblong circle centered on the projection of the ball pin's center onto the plane, i.e., the ball shell machining trajectory, which completely covers the ball pin's movement trajectory on the plane.

[0011] Furthermore, the processing trajectory of the spherical shell is an ellipse or oblong with the smallest area.

[0012] Furthermore, in S4, the number of simulation steps is set according to the suspension travel.

[0013] A method for machining the spherical shell of a suspension system is also provided, wherein the above-mentioned design method is used to obtain the machining trajectory of the spherical shell, and machining is performed according to the machining trajectory of the spherical shell.

[0014] Furthermore, the spherical shell machining trajectory is taken as the spherical shell machining trajectory with the smallest projected area in the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the ball head pin.

[0015] Furthermore, the machining tool enters from the center of the spherical shell and then moves laterally to machine the two ends of the spherical shell corresponding to the machining trajectory.

[0016] A suspension system control arm is also provided, wherein the ball shell on the control arm is processed using the method described above.

[0017] Furthermore, the outer wall of the spherical shell is cylindrical.

[0018] A suspension system is also provided, wherein the ball shell in the suspension system is processed using the method described above.

[0019] A vehicle is also provided that uses the aforementioned suspension system.

[0020] The ball joint design structure of this invention uses a machined spherical shell structure designed according to the actual trajectory of the ball joint's movement, replacing the traditional circumferential machined structure. Using this method, the required space for ball joint movement can be met while minimizing the amount of machining on the spherical shell, achieving precise design. This also allows for meeting the ball joint's swing angle and the strength requirements of the ball joint pin assembly with a smaller ball joint size and spherical shell. Control arms using this ball joint structure can achieve lightweight design, and cost reduction can be achieved through the selection of smaller ball joint pin specifications. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the ball pin's movement trajectory in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (dot matrix in the figure);

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ball head's trajectory in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (ellipse in the figure);

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spherical shell on the control arm in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention and not the entire structure.

[0025] Example 1:

[0026] This embodiment presents a method for designing the machining trajectory of a spherical shell based on CATIA software. It utilizes CATIA software to perform precise simulation analysis of the ball head's motion trajectory, and optimizes the ball head structure based on the simulation results. The method includes the following steps:

[0027] S1. On the control arm ball joint connector steering knuckle, create a line segment that coincides with the ball joint axis and passes through the ball joint hard point, and publish it.

[0028] S2. In the DMU module, open the suspension system model containing the designed control arm and steering knuckle, and enter "Design Mode".

[0029] S3. Using the "Track" command, select the upper line segment of the steering knuckle published in S1 as the "Element to be plotted on the track", select the design target control arm as "Reference Product", and select "Reference Product" for the "Track Target" item.

[0030] S4. For the suspension system, simulate according to the rule curve, which is provided by the suspension system, to obtain the motion trajectory of the line segment in S1 relative to the control arm, which is the motion trajectory of the ball joint pin relative to the control arm.

[0031] S5. Use a plane perpendicular to the axis of the ball joint pin to cut off the ball joint pin trajectory line segment. The projection of the ball joint pin trajectory line onto the plane is the ball joint pin motion trajectory.

[0032] S6, such as Figure 1 As shown, the trajectory of the ball pin is not a regular shape. The ball pin machining structure is designed to accommodate the space required for the ball pin's swing. Based on the ball pin's trajectory, an ellipse or oblong shape is constructed with the projection of the ball pin's center onto the plane, representing the ball shell machining trajectory. This trajectory completely covers the ball pin's trajectory on the plane. Figure 2As shown in the figure, the ellipse is a design trajectory that can satisfy the ball head's swing angle.

[0033] The ball joint design structure in this embodiment uses a machined spherical shell structure based on the actual trajectory of the ball joint's movement, replacing the traditional circumferential machined structure. This method minimizes the amount of machining required for the spherical shell while accommodating the space needed for ball joint movement, achieving precise design. Furthermore, it allows for meeting the ball joint's swing angle and the strength requirements of the ball joint pin assembly with a smaller ball joint size and shell dimensions. Control arms employing this ball joint structure can achieve lightweight design, and cost reduction can be achieved through the selection of smaller ball joint pin specifications.

[0034] Example 2:

[0035] This embodiment presents a method for designing the machining trajectory of a spherical shell based on CATIA software. It utilizes CATIA software to perform precise simulation analysis of the ball head's motion trajectory, and optimizes the ball head structure based on the simulation results. The method includes the following steps:

[0036] S1. On the control arm ball joint connector steering knuckle, create a line segment that coincides with the ball joint axis and passes through the ball joint hard point, and publish it.

[0037] S2. In the DMU module, open the suspension system model containing the designed control arm and steering knuckle, and enter "Design Mode".

[0038] S3. Using the "Track" command, select the upper line segment of the steering knuckle published in S1 as the "Element to be plotted on the track", select the design target control arm as "Reference Product", and select "Reference Product" for the "Track Target" item.

[0039] S4. For the suspension system, simulate according to the rule curve, which is provided by the suspension system, to obtain the motion trajectory of the line segment in S1 relative to the control arm, which is the motion trajectory of the ball joint pin relative to the control arm.

[0040] S5. Use a plane perpendicular to the axis of the ball joint pin to cut off the ball joint pin trajectory line segment. The projection of the ball joint pin trajectory line onto the plane is the ball joint pin motion trajectory.

[0041] S6, such as Figure 1 As shown, the ball pin's trajectory is not a regular shape. Therefore, a machining structure for the ball pin is designed to accommodate the space required for its swing. Based on the ball pin's trajectory, an ellipse or oblong shape is constructed with the projection of the ball pin's center onto the plane as its center. This ellipse, or oblong shape, represents the ball shell machining trajectory, which completely covers the ball pin's trajectory on the plane.

[0042] To minimize the amount of machining while retaining more material to increase the strength of the spherical shell, the machining trajectory of the spherical shell is taken as an ellipse or oblong with the smallest area.

[0043] The ball joint design structure in this embodiment uses a machined spherical shell structure based on the actual trajectory of the ball joint's movement, replacing the traditional circumferential machined structure. This method minimizes the amount of machining required for the spherical shell while accommodating the space needed for ball joint movement, achieving precise design. Furthermore, it allows for meeting the ball joint's swing angle and the strength requirements of the ball joint pin assembly with a smaller ball joint size and shell dimensions. Control arms employing this ball joint structure can achieve lightweight design, and cost reduction can be achieved through the selection of smaller ball joint pin specifications.

[0044] Example 3:

[0045] This embodiment presents a method for designing the machining trajectory of a spherical shell based on CATIA software. It utilizes CATIA software to perform precise simulation analysis of the ball head's motion trajectory, and optimizes the ball head structure based on the simulation results. The method includes the following steps:

[0046] S1. On the control arm ball joint connector steering knuckle, create a line segment that coincides with the ball joint axis and passes through the ball joint hard point, and publish it.

[0047] S2. In the DMU module, open the suspension system model containing the designed control arm and steering knuckle, and enter "Design Mode".

[0048] S3. Using the "Track" command, select the upper line segment of the steering knuckle published in S1 as the "Element to be plotted on the track", select the design target control arm as "Reference Product", and select "Reference Product" for the "Track Target" item.

[0049] S4. For the suspension system, simulate according to the law curve, which is provided by the suspension system. The number of simulation steps is set according to the suspension travel to obtain the motion trajectory of the line segment in S1 relative to the control arm, which is the motion trajectory of the ball joint pin relative to the control arm.

[0050] S5. Use a plane perpendicular to the axis of the ball joint pin to cut off the ball joint pin trajectory line segment. The projection of the ball joint pin trajectory line onto the plane is the ball joint pin motion trajectory.

[0051] S6, such as Figure 1 As shown, the ball pin's trajectory is not a regular shape. Therefore, a machining structure for the ball pin is designed to accommodate the space required for its swing. Based on the ball pin's trajectory, an ellipse or oblong shape is constructed with the projection of the ball pin's center onto the plane as its center. This ellipse, or oblong shape, represents the ball shell machining trajectory, which completely covers the ball pin's trajectory on the plane.

[0052] To minimize the amount of machining while retaining more material to increase the strength of the spherical shell, the machining trajectory of the spherical shell is taken as an ellipse or oblong with the smallest area.

[0053] The ball joint design structure in this embodiment uses a machined spherical shell structure based on the actual trajectory of the ball joint's movement, replacing the traditional circumferential machined structure. This method minimizes the amount of machining required for the spherical shell while accommodating the space needed for ball joint movement, achieving precise design. Furthermore, it allows for meeting the ball joint's swing angle and the strength requirements of the ball joint pin assembly with a smaller ball joint size and shell dimensions. Control arms employing this ball joint structure can achieve lightweight design, and cost reduction can be achieved through the selection of smaller ball joint pin specifications.

[0054] Example 4:

[0055] This embodiment describes a method for machining a spherical shell. The design method described in the previous embodiment is used to obtain the trajectory of the ball head's motion. The trajectory is then precisely simulated and analyzed using CATIA software. Based on the simulation results, the ball head structure is optimized. The method includes the following steps:

[0056] S1. On the control arm ball joint connector steering knuckle, create a line segment that coincides with the ball joint axis and passes through the ball joint hard point, and publish it.

[0057] S2. In the DMU module, open the suspension system model containing the designed control arm and steering knuckle, and enter "Design Mode".

[0058] S3. Using the "Track" command, select the upper line segment of the steering knuckle published in S1 as the "Element to be plotted on the track", select the design target control arm as "Reference Product", and select "Reference Product" for the "Track Target" item.

[0059] S4. For the suspension system, simulate according to the rule curve, which is provided by the suspension system, to obtain the motion trajectory of the line segment in S1 relative to the control arm, which is the motion trajectory of the ball joint pin relative to the control arm.

[0060] S5. Use a plane perpendicular to the axis of the ball joint pin to cut off the ball joint pin trajectory line segment. The projection of the ball joint pin trajectory line onto the plane is the ball joint pin motion trajectory.

[0061] S6. Based on the ball pin's movement trajectory, construct an ellipse or oblong circle centered on the projection of the ball pin's center onto the plane, i.e., the ball shell machining trajectory, which completely covers the ball pin's movement trajectory on the plane.

[0062] The spherical shell structure is manufactured according to the trajectory of the ball head movement, thus satisfying the swing angle of the ball head pin movement. The final designed ball head pin structure and the control arm assembly with this ball head pin structure are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, compared to the traditional ball joint structure, the machining area of ​​the ball housing is significantly reduced, and the strength of the ball joint assembly is significantly improved.

[0063] The ball joint design structure in this embodiment uses a machined spherical shell structure based on the actual trajectory of the ball joint's movement, replacing the traditional circumferential machined structure. This method minimizes the amount of machining required for the spherical shell while accommodating the space needed for ball joint movement, achieving precise design. Furthermore, it allows for meeting the ball joint's swing angle and the strength requirements of the ball joint pin assembly with a smaller ball joint size and shell dimensions. Control arms employing this ball joint structure can achieve lightweight design, and cost reduction can be achieved through the selection of smaller ball joint pin specifications.

[0064] Example 5:

[0065] This embodiment describes a method for machining a spherical shell. The design method described in the previous embodiment is used to obtain the trajectory of the ball head's motion. The trajectory is then precisely simulated and analyzed using CATIA software. Based on the simulation results, the ball head structure is optimized. The method includes the following steps:

[0066] S1. On the control arm ball joint connector steering knuckle, create a line segment that coincides with the ball joint axis and passes through the ball joint hard point, and publish it.

[0067] S2. In the DMU module, open the suspension system model containing the designed control arm and steering knuckle, and enter "Design Mode".

[0068] S3. Using the "Track" command, select the upper line segment of the steering knuckle published in S1 as the "Element to be plotted on the track", select the design target control arm as "Reference Product", and select "Reference Product" for the "Track Target" item.

[0069] S4. For the suspension system, simulate according to the rule curve, which is provided by the suspension system, to obtain the motion trajectory of the line segment in S1 relative to the control arm, which is the motion trajectory of the ball joint pin relative to the control arm.

[0070] S5. Use a plane perpendicular to the axis of the ball joint pin to cut off the ball joint pin trajectory line segment. The projection of the ball joint pin trajectory line onto the plane is the ball joint pin motion trajectory.

[0071] S6. Based on the ball-end pin's movement trajectory, construct an ellipse or oblong shape centered on the projection of the ball-end pin's center onto the plane, i.e., the ball shell machining trajectory. The ball shell machining trajectory completely covers the ball-end pin's movement trajectory on the plane. The ball shell machining trajectory is selected as the one with the smallest projected area within the same plane perpendicular to the ball-end pin's axis.

[0072] The ball shell structure is processed according to the ball head movement trajectory, which satisfies the ball head pin movement swing angle. The final ball pin structure and the control arm assembly with the ball pin structure are designed.

[0073] The ball joint design structure in this embodiment uses a machined spherical shell structure based on the actual trajectory of the ball joint's movement, replacing the traditional circumferential machined structure. This method minimizes the amount of machining required for the spherical shell while accommodating the space needed for ball joint movement, achieving precise design. Furthermore, it allows for meeting the ball joint's swing angle and the strength requirements of the ball joint pin assembly with a smaller ball joint size and shell dimensions. Control arms employing this ball joint structure can achieve lightweight design, and cost reduction can be achieved through the selection of smaller ball joint pin specifications.

[0074] Example 6:

[0075] This embodiment describes a method for machining a spherical shell. The design method described in the previous embodiment is used to obtain the trajectory of the ball head's motion. The trajectory is then precisely simulated and analyzed using CATIA software. Based on the simulation results, the ball head structure is optimized. The method includes the following steps:

[0076] S1. On the control arm ball joint connector steering knuckle, create a line segment that coincides with the ball joint axis and passes through the ball joint hard point, and publish it.

[0077] S2. In the DMU module, open the suspension system model containing the designed control arm and steering knuckle, and enter "Design Mode".

[0078] S3. Using the "Track" command, select the upper line segment of the steering knuckle published in S1 as the "Element to be plotted on the track", select the design target control arm as "Reference Product", and select "Reference Product" for the "Track Target" item.

[0079] S4. For the suspension system, simulate according to the rule curve, which is provided by the suspension system, to obtain the motion trajectory of the line segment in S1 relative to the control arm, which is the motion trajectory of the ball joint pin relative to the control arm.

[0080] S5. Use a plane perpendicular to the axis of the ball joint pin to cut off the ball joint pin trajectory line segment. The projection of the ball joint pin trajectory line onto the plane is the ball joint pin motion trajectory.

[0081] S6. Based on the ball-end pin's movement trajectory, construct an ellipse or oblong shape centered on the projection of the ball-end pin's center onto the plane, i.e., the ball shell machining trajectory. The ball shell machining trajectory completely covers the ball-end pin's movement trajectory on the plane. The ball shell machining trajectory is selected as the one with the smallest projected area within the same plane perpendicular to the ball-end pin's axis.

[0082] The machining tool enters from the center of the spherical shell and then moves laterally to machine the two ends of the spherical shell corresponding to the machining trajectory. The resulting spherical shell structure satisfies the swing angle of the ball head pin, resulting in the final designed ball head pin structure and the control arm assembly incorporating this ball head pin structure.

[0083] The ball joint design structure in this embodiment uses a machined spherical shell structure based on the actual trajectory of the ball joint's movement, replacing the traditional circumferential machined structure. This method minimizes the amount of machining required for the spherical shell while accommodating the space needed for ball joint movement, achieving precise design. Furthermore, it allows for meeting the ball joint's swing angle and the strength requirements of the ball joint pin assembly with a smaller ball joint size and shell dimensions. Control arms employing this ball joint structure can achieve lightweight design, and cost reduction can be achieved through the selection of smaller ball joint pin specifications.

[0084] Example 7:

[0085] This embodiment provides a suspension system control arm, and the spherical shell on the control arm is processed using the method described above.

[0086] This embodiment of the control arm utilizes the ball joint design structure of the present invention. The ball shell machining structure is designed based on the actual trajectory of the ball joint's movement, replacing the traditional circumferential machining structure. Using this method, the amount of machining on the ball shell can be minimized while meeting the space requirements for ball joint movement, achieving precise design. This also allows for meeting the ball joint's swing angle and ball joint pin assembly strength requirements with smaller ball joint specifications and ball shell size. The control arm employing this ball joint structure can achieve a lightweight design, and cost reduction can be achieved through the selection of smaller ball joint pin specifications.

[0087] Example 8:

[0088] This embodiment provides a suspension system control arm, and the spherical shell on the control arm is processed using the method described above. In this embodiment, the outer wall of the spherical shell is cylindrical, which saves production costs without changing other production processes of the existing control arm.

[0089] The control arm in this embodiment uses the ball joint design structure of the present invention. The ball shell machining structure is designed based on the actual trajectory of the ball joint movement, replacing the traditional circumferential machining structure. Using this method, the required space for ball joint movement can be met while minimizing the amount of machining on the ball shell, achieving precise design. This also allows for meeting the ball joint swing angle and ball joint pin assembly strength requirements with smaller ball joint specifications and ball shell size. The control arm using this ball joint structure can achieve lightweight design, and cost reduction can be achieved by selecting smaller ball joint pin specifications.

[0090] Example 9:

[0091] This embodiment is a suspension system, in which the spherical shell is processed using the method described above.

[0092] The suspension system in this embodiment uses the ball joint design structure of the present invention. The ball joint's machined surface structure is designed based on the actual trajectory of the ball joint's movement, replacing the traditional circumferential machined structure. Using this method, the required space for ball joint movement can be met while minimizing the amount of machining on the ball joint, achieving precise design. This also allows for meeting the ball joint's swing angle and ball joint pin assembly strength requirements with smaller ball joint specifications and ball joint size. The control arm using this ball joint structure can achieve a lightweight design, and cost reduction can be achieved through the selection of smaller ball joint pin specifications.

[0093] Example 10:

[0094] This embodiment provides a vehicle that uses the suspension system described above.

[0095] The vehicle in this embodiment uses the ball joint design structure of the present invention, and designs a spherical shell machining structure based on the actual trajectory of the ball joint movement, replacing the traditional circumferential machining structure. Using this method, the required space for ball joint movement can be met while minimizing the amount of machining on the spherical shell, achieving precise design. This also allows for meeting the ball joint swing angle and ball joint pin assembly strength requirements with smaller ball joint specifications and spherical shell size. The control arm using this ball joint structure can achieve a lightweight design, and cost reduction can be achieved by selecting smaller ball joint pin specifications.

[0096] For those skilled in the art, any modifications or variations made to the above embodiments of the present invention, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for designing a spherical shell for a suspension system, using CATIA software, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1. On the control arm ball joint connector steering knuckle, create a line segment that coincides with the ball joint axis and passes through the ball joint hard point, and publish it; S2. In the DMU module, open the suspension system model containing the designed control arm and steering knuckle, and enter "Design Mode"; S3. Using the "Track" command, select the upper line segment of the steering knuckle published in S1 as the "Element to be plotted on the track", select the design target control arm as the "Reference Product", and select "Reference Product" for the "Track Target" item; S4. For the suspension system, simulate according to the rule curve. The rule curve is provided by the suspension system to obtain the motion trajectory of the line segment in S1 relative to the control arm, which is the motion trajectory of the ball joint pin relative to the control arm. S5. Cut the ball pin trajectory line segment with a plane perpendicular to the ball pin axis. The projection of the ball pin trajectory line onto the plane is the ball pin motion trajectory. S6. Based on the ball pin's movement trajectory, construct an ellipse or oblong with the projection of the ball pin's center on the plane as its center, i.e., the ball shell processing trajectory. The ball shell processing trajectory completely covers the ball pin's movement trajectory on the plane, and the ball shell processing trajectory is an ellipse or oblong with the smallest area.

2. The suspension system spherical shell design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the number of simulation steps is set according to the suspension travel.

3. A method for machining the spherical shell of a suspension system, characterized in that: The spherical shell machining trajectory is obtained using the design method described in claim 1, and the spherical shell is machined according to the machining trajectory.

4. The method for machining the spherical shell of a suspension system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spherical shell machining trajectory is taken as the spherical shell machining trajectory with the smallest projected area in the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the ball head pin.

5. The method for machining the spherical shell of a suspension system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cutting tool enters from the center of the spherical shell and then moves laterally to machine the two ends of the spherical shell corresponding to the machining trajectory.

6. A suspension system control arm, characterized in that: The spherical shell on the control arm is processed using the method described in any one of claims 3-5.

7. The suspension system control arm according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the spherical shell is cylindrical.

8. A suspension system, characterized in that: The spherical shell in the suspension system is processed using the method described in any one of claims 3-5.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that: Use the suspension system as described in claim 8.

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