An in-machine measurement method for key parameters of broaching teeth in rotary parts

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of geometric measurement, specifically an in-machine measurement method for key parameters of gear teeth in rotary parts. It includes the following steps: Calibration stage: The measuring device is calibrated using standard parts with known parameters to obtain the reference values ​​of the measuring system (multiple sensors); Measurement stage: The part to be measured is placed on the measuring device, and the key parameters of the workpiece are calculated using the measured values ​​collected by the measuring system (multiple sensors) and the calibration values. This method uses a fixed-value comparison measurement approach, which can quickly and accurately measure the key parameters of the gear tooth structure, including the distance from the tenon to the center, the tenon offset, and the tenon offset angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geometric measurement, specifically an in-machine measurement method for key parameters of broaching teeth in rotary parts. Background Technology

[0002] Gear structures are among the most common rotating parts in the aerospace field, such as fan discs, high-pressure turbine discs, turbine shafts, and high-pressure turbine rear shafts in aero-engines. Their manufacturing quality directly affects the performance and reliability of the entire aero-engine. Therefore, precise measurement of their key features is necessary. Key parameters of gear structures include the distance from the tenon to the center, the tenon offset, and the tenon offset angle. Currently, on-site inspection of gear structure parameters is typically achieved through customized tooling, but this only allows for qualitative inspection and is insufficient for quantitative measurement. Secondly, existing measurement methods usually employ traditional means such as mechanical calipers, requiring manual data recording and lacking digitization. Finally, existing measurement methods require offline measurement, not on-machine measurement, necessitating repeated workpiece handling, which affects processing and inspection efficiency and can cause secondary positioning errors. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the limitations of gear tooth structure measurement technology in the field of aero-engines. Addressing the problems of inability to perform in-flight measurement, lack of digitization, and difficulty in quantitative analysis, this invention proposes a novel in-flight measurement method for key parameters of broach teeth in rotating parts. This method employs a fixed-value comparison measurement approach, enabling rapid and accurate measurement of key parameters of the gear tooth structure, including the distance from the tenon to the center, the tenon offset, and the tenon offset angle.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above objectives is as follows:

[0005] An in-machine measurement method for key parameters of broaching teeth in rotary parts includes the following steps:

[0006] Calibration stage: The measuring device is calibrated using standard parts with known parameters to obtain the reference values ​​of the measuring system consisting of multiple sensors;

[0007] Measurement stage: The part to be measured is placed on the measuring device, and the key parameters of the workpiece are calculated using the measured values ​​and reference values ​​collected in real time by the measuring system.

[0008] The key parameters include: distance from the mortise to the center, mortise offset, and mortise offset angle.

[0009] The calibration phase includes the following steps:

[0010] Insert the contoured end of the tooling into the tenon groove of the standard part;

[0011] The measurement system consisting of four laser sensors measures different positions of the rear cuboid of the tooling and records the calibration values ​​D11, D21, D31, and D41.

[0012] Using the known distance from the mortise to the center of the standard part as Dstd, the mortise offset as dstd, the horizontal offset angle of the mortise as α, the vertical offset angle of the mortise as β, and the laser spacing L1 between sensor 3 and sensor 4, the reference working distance, the reference offset, and the vertical reference offset angle are obtained.

[0013] The broaching machine is controlled to move the sensor a distance L2 along the X-axis;

[0014] Record the calibration values ​​D12 and D22 of sensor 1 and sensor 2 at this time, respectively, and then obtain the horizontal reference offset angle.

[0015] The reference working distance is: Dre = |Dstd - D11|;

[0016] The reference offset is: dre = |dstd - D31|;

[0017] The vertical reference offset angle is: βstd = β- ;

[0018] The horizontal reference offset angle is: αstd = α - Or αstd=α- .

[0019] The measurement phase includes the following steps:

[0020] Insert the contouring end of the tooling into the tenon groove of the part to be measured;

[0021] Four sensors were used to measure different positions of the rear cuboid of the tooling, and the measured values ​​D13, D23, D33, and D43 were recorded.

[0022] Using the measured values ​​of the known parts, the distance from the mortise to the center, the offset of the mortise, and the vertical offset angle of the mortise are obtained.

[0023] The broaching machine is controlled to move the sensor a distance L3 along the X-axis;

[0024] Record the measured values ​​D14 and D24 of sensor 1 and sensor 2 at this time respectively, and then obtain the horizontal offset angle of the tenon.

[0025] The distance from the mortise to the center is: Dme = Dre + D13;

[0026] The offset of the tenon groove is: dme = dre + D33;

[0027] The vertical offset angle of the tenon is: βme = βstd + ;

[0028] The horizontal offset angle of the tenon is: αme = αstd + Or αme = αstd + .

[0029] The tooling includes a housing C, a cuboid, part A, and part B. One end of housing C is a contour end, the shape of which is the same as the tenon groove between two adjacent teeth. The other end of housing C is detachably connected to the cuboid. Part A and part B are respectively housed in housing C. One end of part A has an external thread, and the other end abuts against one end of part B, which is also the abutting end. The inner wall of housing C has an internal thread, and one end of part A is threadedly connected to the inner hole of housing C to form a threaded pair. Part B moves relative to housing C along the length of the tooling, i.e., radially along the turbine disk. By screwing part A, part B is pushed so that the other end of part B protrudes from the through hole in the contour end of housing C and abuts against the bottom of the tenon groove. Housing C has a set screw hole D. When part B moves into place, the set screw is inserted into the set screw hole D to fix part B.

[0030] The sensors are located on the end face of the broaching tool box. The four sensors are arranged in pairs: sensors 1 and 2 measure the top face of the cuboid, and sensors 3 and 4 measure the side face of the cuboid.

[0031] The present invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages:

[0032] 1. On-machine measurement capability: Due to the inherent structural characteristics of broaching machines, there is currently no mature on-machine measurement solution for broaching machines. This invention fully considers the waterproof and oil-proof characteristics that the system should possess, adopting a closed control box design, installed at the broaching machine guide rail, and moved using the machine tool's own motion actuator. During measurement, the control box is opened, enabling precise on-machine measurement.

[0033] 2. Multi-parameter synchronous measurement: This method can realize the synchronous measurement of multiple key parameters of the gear tooth structure, including the distance from the tenon to the center, the tenon offset, and the tenon offset angle.

[0034] 3. Measurement accuracy: When a high-precision laser displacement sensor is used as the measuring ray, the displacement of the object being measured from the sensor can be measured quickly and accurately.

[0035] 4. Digitalization of measurement data: Simultaneously, measurement data can be digitally displayed and stored, enabling precise quantitative analysis, and can be transmitted to the workshop or plant-level MES system through standardized interfaces.

[0036] 5. Ease of measurement: The measuring device used in this method is based on non-contact measurement, which is different from traditional mechanical measuring tools. In actual operation, the operator only needs to follow the instructions on the display, making the operation convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement system;

[0038] Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of the measurement status;

[0039] Figure 2b is a partially enlarged view of the measurement status diagram;

[0040] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the measurement details;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the calibration process;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement process;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tooling structure;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the tooling structure. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] The broaching machine's in-machine measurement system consists of two parts: a measuring device and a control box. The overall layout is as follows: Figure 1 As shown. The measuring device is installed on the end face of the tool holder for easy measurement of the turbine disk; the control box is installed on the back plate of the broaching machine for easy operation. This method is an indirect measurement method. The characteristic parameters of the broach teeth are guided to the tooling through a self-designed contour turbine disk fixture, and the measured parameter values ​​are obtained in real time by the laser beam on the broaching machine's measuring device, thereby obtaining the key parameters of the gear tooth structure, including the distance from the tenon to the center, the tenon offset, and the tenon offset angle, etc. Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown.

[0047] Measurement principles, such as Figure 3 As shown. The core component of the measurement system consists of four laser displacement sensors. They are paired up, with sensors 1 and 2 measuring the top surface, and sensors 3 and 4 measuring the side surfaces. See the best implementation for details.

[0048] This solution takes the measurement of turbine disk tooth parameters as an example. The basic process of the optimal implementation method is as follows: Figure 4 , 5As shown. First, a standard measurement sample and a standard gear tooth structure with known parameters are required. Using... Figure 4 The calibration process in the document calibrates the system's reference parameters. When measuring other types of gear teeth, the contour turbine disk tooling in the process will be replaced with a contour tooling of the corresponding structure. Upon completion of the calibration process, the reference working distance, reference offset, vertical reference angle, and horizontal reference angle of the measurement system will be obtained. Then, using... Figure 5 The measurement process in the system enables the measurement of key parameters of the gear teeth of the workpiece being measured.

[0049] An in-machine measurement method for key parameters of broaching teeth in rotary parts includes the following steps:

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, the calibration stage involves using standard parts to calibrate the measuring device and obtain the calibration values ​​of the measuring system composed of multiple sensors.

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, the measurement stage involves placing the part to be measured on the measuring device and using the measured and calibrated values ​​collected by the measuring system composed of multiple sensors to calculate the key parameters of the workpiece.

[0052] The key parameters include: distance from the mortise to the center, mortise offset, and mortise offset angle.

[0053] The calibration phase includes the following steps:

[0054] Insert the contoured end of the tooling into the tenon groove of the known part;

[0055] Four sensors were used to measure different positions of the rear cuboid of the tooling, and the calibration values ​​D11, D21, D31, and D41 were recorded.

[0056] Using the known distance from the tenon to the center of the known part, Dstd, the offset of the tenon, dstd, the horizontal offset angle of the tenon, α, the vertical offset angle of the tenon, and L1 of the laser spacing between sensors 3 and 4, the reference working distance, the reference offset, and the vertical reference angle are obtained.

[0057] The broaching machine is controlled to move the sensor a distance L2 along the X-axis;

[0058] Record the calibration values ​​D12 and D22 of sensor 1 and sensor 2 at this time, respectively, and then obtain the horizontal reference offset angle.

[0059] The reference working distance is: Dre = |Dstd - D11|;

[0060] The reference offset is: dre = |dstd - D31|;

[0061] The vertical reference angle is: βstd = β- ;

[0062] The horizontal reference offset angle is: αstd = α - Or αstd=α- .

[0063] The measurement phase includes the following steps:

[0064] Insert the contouring end of the tooling into the tenon groove of the part to be measured;

[0065] Four sensors were used to measure different positions of the rear cuboid of the tooling, and the measured values ​​D13, D23, D33, and D43 were recorded.

[0066] Using the measured values ​​of the known parts, the distance from the mortise to the center, the offset of the mortise, and the vertical offset angle of the mortise are obtained.

[0067] The broaching machine is controlled to move the sensor a distance L3 along the X-axis;

[0068] Record the measured values ​​D14 and D24 of sensor 1 and sensor 2 at this time respectively, and then obtain the tenon offset angle.

[0069] The distance from the mortise to the center is: Dme = Dre + D13;

[0070] The offset of the tenon groove is: dme = dre + D33;

[0071] The vertical offset angle of the tenon is: βme = βstd + ;

[0072] The horizontal offset angle of the tenon is: αme = αstd + Or αme = αstd + .

[0073] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the tooling includes a housing C, a cuboid, part A, and part B. One end of housing C is a contour end, the shape of which is the same as the tenon groove between two adjacent teeth. The other end of housing C is detachably connected to the cuboid. Part A and part B are respectively housed within housing C. One end of part A has an external thread, and the other end abuts against one end of part B, which is the abutting end. The inner wall of housing C has an internal thread, and one end of part A is threadedly connected to the inner hole of housing C, forming a threaded pair. Part B can move relative to housing C along the length direction of the tooling (i.e., the radial direction of the turbine disk). By screwing part A, part B can be pushed, so that the other end of part B protrudes from the through hole in the contour end of housing C and abuts against the bottom of the tenon groove. Housing C has a set screw hole D. When part B moves into place, the set screw is inserted into the set screw hole D to fix part B.

[0074] In use, insert the tooling into any tenon groove along the turbine disk axis, then screw on part A. The screw pair formed between part A and the inner wall of the outer shell C will push part B downward, causing part B to extend from the front opening of the outer shell C and abut against the bottom of the tenon groove. At the same time, it will push the outer shell C outward, so that the contoured end of the front end of the outer shell C is locked with the tenon groove. Then, insert the set screw through hole D to fix part B. Finally, insert the cuboid at the rear end of the tooling onto the outer shell C. The tooling installation is now complete.

Claims

1. An in-machine measurement method for key parameters of broaching teeth in rotating parts, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Calibration stage: The measuring device is calibrated using standard parts with known parameters to obtain the reference values ​​of the measuring system consisting of multiple sensors; Measurement phase: The part to be measured is placed on the measuring device, and the key parameters of the workpiece are calculated using the measured values ​​and reference values ​​collected in real time by the measuring system. The calibration phase includes the following steps: Insert the contoured end of the tooling into the tenon groove of the standard part; The measurement system consisting of four laser sensors measures different positions of the rear cuboid of the tooling and records the calibration values ​​D11, D21, D31, and D41. Using the known distance from the mortise to the center of the standard part as Dstd, the mortise offset as dstd, the horizontal offset angle of the mortise as α, the vertical offset angle of the mortise as β, and the laser spacing L1 between sensor 3 and sensor 4, the reference working distance, the reference offset, and the vertical reference offset angle are obtained. The broaching machine is controlled to move the sensor a distance L2 along the X-axis; Record the calibration values ​​D12 and D22 of sensor 1 and sensor 2 at this time respectively, and then obtain the horizontal reference offset angle; The measurement phase includes the following steps: Insert the contouring end of the tooling into the tenon groove of the part to be measured; Four sensors were used to measure different positions of the rear cuboid of the tooling, and the measured values ​​D13, D23, D33, and D43 were recorded. Using the measured values ​​of the known parts, the distance from the mortise to the center, the offset of the mortise, and the vertical offset angle of the mortise are obtained. The broaching machine is controlled to move the sensor a distance L3 along the X-axis; Record the measured values ​​D14 and D24 of sensor 1 and sensor 2 at this time respectively, and then obtain the horizontal offset angle of the tenon groove; The tooling includes a housing C, a cuboid, part A, and part B. One end of housing C is a contour end, the shape of which is the same as the tenon groove between two adjacent teeth. The other end of housing C is detachably connected to the cuboid. Part A and part B are respectively housed in housing C. One end of part A has an external thread, and the other end abuts against one end of part B, which is also the abutting end. The inner wall of housing C has an internal thread. One end of part A is threaded into the inner hole of housing C, forming a threaded pair. Part B moves relative to housing C along the length of the tooling, i.e., radially along the turbine disk. By screwing part A, part B is pushed, so that the other end of part B protrudes from the through hole in the contour end of housing C and abuts against the bottom of the tenon groove. Housing C has a set screw hole D. When part B moves into place, the set screw is inserted into the set screw hole D to fix part B.

2. The in-machine measurement method for key parameters of broaching gears in rotary parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The key parameters include: distance from the mortise to the center, mortise offset, and mortise offset angle.

3. The in-machine measurement method for key parameters of broaching gears in rotary parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reference working distance is: Dre = |Dstd - D11|; The reference offset is: dre = |dstd - D31|; The vertical reference offset angle is: βstd = β- ; The horizontal reference offset angle is: αstd = α - or αstd=α- 。 4. The in-machine measurement method for key parameters of broaching gears in rotary parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance from the mortise to the center is: Dme = Dre + D13; The offset of the tenon groove is: dme = dre + D33; The vertical offset angle of the tenon is: βme = βstd + ; The horizontal offset angle of the tenon is: αme = αstd + or ame=astd+ 。 5. The in-machine measurement method for key parameters of broaching gears in rotary parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensors are located on the end face of the broaching tool box. The four sensors are arranged in pairs: sensors 1 and 2 measure the top face of the cuboid, and sensors 3 and 4 measure the side face of the cuboid.

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