Charging and discharging protection device and method for battery

Abstract

A kind of charge-discharge protection device for battery and charge-discharge protection method, the charge-discharge protection method is to make charge-discharge protection device sense and judge whether the installation polarity of each battery electrically connected is correct, and senses and judges whether each battery is the type of charging, then when the battery installation polarity is incorrect, disconnect the electrical connection with load device, and when judging that all battery installation polarities are correct, automatically series or parallel output the battery power according to the battery type, and determine whether to connect external power to charge the battery.By the design of the charge-discharge protection method, it can ensure that the charge-discharge protection device will not occur battery reverse polarity power supply and damage the load device, and can greatly improve the charging and discharging protection effect of the battery, which is a quite innovative and practical creation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a charging and discharging device for batteries, and more particularly to a charging and discharging protection device and method for dry cell batteries. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, dry cell batteries can be broadly classified into disposable batteries and rechargeable batteries. Disposable batteries include common carbon-zinc batteries and zinc-manganese batteries, while rechargeable batteries include nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, and lithium-ion batteries. To facilitate compatibility with various electronic products, rechargeable batteries are designed in the common AA and AAA battery shapes, which often leads to confusion among users about which type of battery they are using, resulting in frequent misuse.

[0003] When using electronic devices with batteries, the most important thing to avoid is reversing the battery polarity, as this often causes abnormal battery discharge and can even damage the device. Furthermore, many electronic devices now have battery power modules designed to simultaneously supply power and charge. If a device is equipped with both primary and rechargeable batteries and connected to a charger, it will charge both batteries simultaneously. This not only significantly affects the charging efficiency of the rechargeable battery but may also cause the primary battery to overheat and explode. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a battery charge and discharge protection device that can improve at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a charge / discharge protection device for batteries, suitable for electrical connection between a load device and a charging device, and capable of electrically connecting two batteries. The charge / discharge protection device includes a polarity sensing unit for sensing and determining whether the installation polarity of each battery is correct, a battery type sensing unit for sensing and determining whether each battery is a rechargeable type, and a charge / discharge control unit. The charge / discharge control unit can disconnect the electrical connection with the load device and control the charging device to not output power when the polarity sensing unit determines that the installation polarity of one battery is incorrect. When the polarity sensing unit determines that the installation polarity of all batteries is correct and the battery type sensing unit determines that all batteries are rechargeable, the control unit connects the batteries in parallel to supply power to the load device and controls the charging device to output power, and conducts the power output by the charging device to charge the batteries. When the polarity sensing unit determines that the installation polarity of all batteries is correct and the battery type sensing unit determines that one battery is not a rechargeable type, the control unit connects the batteries in series to supply power to the load device and controls the charging device to not output power.

[0006] The present invention discloses a charge / discharge protection device for a battery. The charge / discharge control unit includes a charge / discharge switch module for electrically connecting the load device and the charging device, a connection mode switching module, an analysis and judgment module, and a charging control module. The charge / discharge switch module can be driven to switch between a disconnected state (disconnecting the load device) and a connected state. When switched to the connected state, the charge / discharge switch module can connect the power output from the connection mode switching module to the load device and the power output from the charging device to the connection mode switching module. The connection mode switching module can be controlled to operate in a parallel mode (connecting the battery in parallel to output power) and a parallel mode (connecting the battery in parallel to output power). The battery is connected in series to switch between series modes for power output. The connection mode switching module in the parallel mode can charge the battery with power from the charging device connected to the charging switch module. The analysis and judgment module receives and analyzes the sensing and judgment results of the polarity sensing unit and the battery type sensing unit to control the charging and discharging switch module to switch between the disconnected state and the connected state, and to control the connection mode switching module to switch between the parallel mode and the series mode. The charging control module is triggered when the analysis and judgment module controls the connection mode switching module to switch to the parallel mode, and controls the charging device to output power.

[0007] The present invention provides a battery charge / discharge protection device, wherein the analysis and judgment module includes a first logic judgment circuit connected to the polarity sensing unit, a second logic judgment circuit and a third logic judgment circuit connected to the battery type sensing unit, and a fourth logic judgment circuit connected to the first, second, and third logic judgment circuits. The first logic judgment circuit generates a first logic signal to drive the charge / discharge switch module to the on state when the polarity sensing unit senses and determines that the battery's installation polarity is correct. The second logic judgment circuit determines whether the battery is rechargeable based on the sensing result of the battery type sensing unit. The third logic judgment circuit generates a second logic signal based on the sensing result of the battery type sensing unit to determine whether the battery is a non-rechargeable type. The fourth logic judgment circuit generates a fourth logic signal that is opposite to the third logic signal based on the first logic signal, the second logic signal, and the third logic signal. The connection mode switching module is connected to the third logic judgment circuit and the fourth logic judgment circuit. The connection mode switching module is triggered to switch to the series mode when the third logic signal is 0 or 1, and is triggered to switch to the parallel mode when the fourth logic signal is 0 or 1.

[0008] The charging and discharging protection device for batteries described in this invention has a charging control module signal connected to the fourth logic judgment circuit. When the connection mode switching module is triggered to switch to the parallel mode, the charging device is triggered by the fourth logic signal to control the output power of the charging device.

[0009] The present invention provides a battery charge / discharge protection device. The polarity sensing unit includes two polarity sensing modules electrically connected to the battery and the charge / discharge control unit, respectively. The battery type sensing unit includes two battery type sensing modules electrically connected to the polarity sensing modules and the charge / discharge control unit, respectively. Each polarity sensing module, when sensing and determining that the installation polarity of the corresponding battery is correct, electrically connects the battery to the corresponding battery type sensing module. When sensing and determining that the installation polarity of the corresponding battery is incorrect, it generates a prohibition signal. Each battery type sensing module can sense and determine whether the electrically connected battery is rechargeable and generates a corresponding sensing result. The charge / discharge control unit is triggered by any prohibition signal to disconnect the electrical connection with the load device and control the charging device to not output power. When all battery type sensing modules generate the sensing result, the unit connects the batteries in parallel to supply power to the load device, or connects the batteries in series to supply power to the load device, based on the sensing result.

[0010] Therefore, the present invention provides a battery charge and discharge protection device that is suitable for electrical connection between a load device and a charging device, and can be used for electrical connection installation of two batteries. The charge / discharge protection device includes a polarity sensing unit for sensing and determining whether the installation polarity of each battery is correct, a battery type sensing unit for sensing and determining whether each battery is a rechargeable type, and a charge / discharge control unit. The charge / discharge control unit can disconnect the electrical connection with the load device and control the charging device to not output power when the polarity sensing unit determines that the installation polarity of one battery is incorrect. When the polarity sensing unit determines that the installation polarity of all batteries is correct and the battery type sensing unit determines that all batteries are rechargeable, the control unit connects the batteries in parallel to supply power to the load device, controls the charging device to output power, and conducts the power output by the charging device to charge the batteries. When the polarity sensing unit determines that the installation polarity of all batteries is correct and the battery type sensing unit determines that only one battery is rechargeable, the control unit only outputs power from the rechargeable battery to supply power to the load device, controls the charging device to output power, and conducts the power output by the charging device to charge the rechargeable battery.

[0011] The present invention discloses a charge / discharge protection device for a battery. The charge / discharge control unit includes a charge / discharge switch module for electrically connecting the load device and the charging device, a connection mode switching module, and an analysis and judgment module. The charge / discharge switch module can be driven to switch between a disconnected state (disconnecting the load device) and a connected state. In the connected state, the charge / discharge switch module can connect the power output from the connection mode switching module to the load device and the power output from the charging device to the connection mode switching module. The connection mode switching module can be controlled to operate in a parallel connection mode (connecting the batteries in parallel to output power) and only connect batteries determined to be rechargeable. The power output switches between single battery power supply modes, and the connection mode switching module in the parallel mode can charge the battery with power from the charging device connected to the charging switch module. The connection mode switching module in the single battery power supply mode can charge the rechargeable battery with power from the charging device connected to the charging switch module. The analysis and judgment module receives and analyzes the sensing and judgment results of the polarity sensing unit and the battery type sensing unit to control the charging and discharging switch module to switch between the disconnected state and the connected state, and to control the connection mode switching module to switch between the parallel mode and the single battery power supply mode.

[0012] The charging and discharging protection device for batteries described in this invention includes a connection mode switching module that can be controlled to switch to a series mode in which the batteries are connected in series to output power. The analysis and judgment module controls the connection mode switching module to switch to the series mode when the polarity sensing unit determines that the installation polarity of the batteries is correct and the battery type sensing unit determines that the batteries are not rechargeable. The charging and discharging control unit also includes a charging control module, which is triggered when the analysis and judgment module controls the connection mode switching module to switch to the parallel mode and the single battery power supply mode, thereby controlling the charging device to output power.

[0013] The present invention discloses a battery charging and discharging protection device. The analysis and judgment module includes a first logic judgment circuit connected to the polarity sensing unit, a third logic judgment circuit connected to the battery type sensing unit, and two fifth logic judgment circuits. The first logic judgment circuit generates a first logic signal to drive the charging and discharging switch module to the on state when the polarity sensing unit detects that the battery's installation polarity is correct. The third logic judgment circuit generates a third logic signal to drive the connection mode switching module to the series mode when the battery type sensing unit detects that the batteries are not rechargeable. Each fifth logic judgment circuit is connected to one of the battery type sensing modules and the output terminal of the first logic judgment circuit. The fifth logic judgment circuit generates a fifth logic signal when the polarity sensing unit detects that the battery's installation polarity is correct and the corresponding battery type sensing module determines that the corresponding battery is rechargeable. The connection mode switching module switches to the parallel mode when it receives two fifth logic signals and switches to the single battery power supply mode when it receives only one fifth logic signal.

[0014] The present invention discloses a battery charging and discharging protection device, wherein the connection mode switching module includes a series mode circuit and a parallel mode circuit electrically connected between the battery and the charging and discharging switch module. When the connection mode switching module switches to the series mode, the series mode circuit connects the batteries in series to output power to the charging and discharging switch module. The parallel mode circuit includes two first switches electrically connected to the batteries respectively, and a parallel sub-circuit electrically connected between the first switches and the charging and discharging switch module. The first switches are respectively signal-connected to the output terminal of the fifth logic judgment circuit. Each first switch is triggered by the corresponding fifth logic signal to electrically connect the corresponding battery and the parallel sub-circuit. The parallel sub-circuit connects the electrically connected batteries in parallel to output power, or outputs power to only a single electrically connected battery, and conducts power to charge each electrically connected battery.

[0015] The charging and discharging protection device for batteries according to the present invention includes a series mode circuit comprising two second switches electrically connected to the batteries respectively, and a series sub-circuit electrically connected between the second switches and the charging and discharging switch module. Each second switch signal is connected to the output terminal of the third logic judgment circuit and can be triggered by the third logic signal to electrically connect and conduct the corresponding battery and the series sub-circuit. The series sub-circuit will connect the electrically connected batteries in series to output power.

[0016] The charging and discharging protection device for batteries described in this invention has a charging control module signal connected to the output terminal of the fifth logic judgment circuit, which can be triggered by any of the fifth logic signals to control the charging device to output power.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery charging and discharging protection method that can improve at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art.

[0018] Therefore, the present invention provides a battery charge / discharge protection method applicable to a charge / discharge protection device capable of supplying power to a load device through two installed batteries. The charge / discharge protection method includes a polarity determination step (causing the charge / discharge protection device to sense and determine whether the installation polarity of each battery is correct), a battery type determination step (causing the charge / discharge protection device to sense and determine whether each battery is a rechargeable type), and an output power control step. The output power control step causes the charge / discharge protection device to disconnect the electrical connection of one battery to the load device when it determines that the installation polarity of one battery is incorrect; to connect the batteries in parallel to supply power to the load device when it determines that the installation polarity of all batteries is correct and that all batteries are rechargeable; and to connect the batteries in series to supply power to the load device when it determines that the installation polarity of all batteries is correct and that one battery is not a rechargeable type.

[0019] The present invention provides a method for protecting a battery from charging and discharging. The charging and discharging protection device is also electrically connected to a charging device. The charging and discharging protection method further includes a charging control step, wherein when the charging and discharging protection device determines that the installation polarity of one of the batteries is incorrect, or when the batteries are connected in series to supply power to the load device, the charging and discharging protection device controls the charging device to not output power, and when the batteries are connected in parallel to supply power to the load device, the charging and discharging protection device controls the charging device to output power, and conducts the power output by the charging device to charge the battery.

[0020] The battery charging and discharging protection method of the present invention further includes, in the output power control step, the charging and discharging protection device, when determining that the installation polarity of the batteries is correct and that the batteries are not rechargeable, connecting the batteries in series to supply power to the load device, and when determining that the installation polarity of the batteries is correct and that only one of the batteries is rechargeable, outputting power from the one battery to supply power to the load device.

[0021] The present invention provides a method for charging and discharging protection of batteries, wherein the charging and discharging protection device is also electrically connected to a charging device, and the charging and discharging protection method further includes a charging control step, wherein when the batteries are connected in series to supply power to the load device, the charging and discharging protection device controls the charging device to not output power, and when the batteries are connected in parallel to supply power to the load device, or when the power of one of the batteries is output to supply power to the load device, the charging and discharging protection device controls the charging device to output power, and conducts the power output by the charging device to charge the batteries or one of the batteries.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: through the design of the polarity sensing unit, the battery type sensing unit and the charge / discharge control unit, the installation polarity of the battery used in conjunction can be sensed to ensure that the load device is not damaged due to reverse polarity power supply. It can also automatically connect the battery in series or in parallel according to the battery type to provide power, and automatically determine whether to connect the power of the charging device to charge the battery. This is a highly innovative and practical creation. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a functional block diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention for a battery charge and discharge protection device;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a functional block diagram of the first embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the steps of a charge-discharge protection method implemented in the first embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a functional block diagram of another embodiment of the first embodiment;

[0028] Figure 5 A functional block diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention for a battery charge / discharge protection device. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Before the invention is described in detail, it should be noted that similar components are represented by the same numbers in the following description.

[0030] See Figure 1 and Figure 2This invention provides a first embodiment of a battery charge / discharge protection device 200, suitable for electrical connection between a load device 901 and a charging device 902, and capable of powering two or more batteries 903. Depending on the type of battery 903, the device can adjust the output power of the battery 903 to supply power to the load device 901, and determine whether to connect power from the charging device 902 to charge the battery 903. The battery 903 can be a disposable battery or a rechargeable battery. The charge / discharge protection device 200 can be designed to be integrated with the load device 901, for example, but not limited to, integration into a loudspeaker or microphone device, but implementation is not limited to this. For ease of explanation, the following embodiment uses the installation of two batteries 903 as an example.

[0031] The charge / discharge protection device 200 includes a polarity sensing unit 3 electrically connected to the battery 903, a battery type sensing unit 4 electrically connected to the polarity sensing unit 3, and a charge / discharge control unit 5 electrically connected to the polarity sensing unit 3 and the battery type sensing unit 4. The charge / discharge control unit 5 is used to electrically connect to the load device 901 and the charging device 902. In implementation, the charge / discharge protection device 200 may further include a battery holder (not shown) for electrically connecting and mounting the battery 903, through which the polarity sensing unit 3 is electrically connected to the battery 903. Since there are many types of battery holders and they are not the focus of this invention, they will not be described in detail.

[0032] The polarity sensing unit 3 includes two polarity sensing modules 31 that are electrically connected to the battery 903 respectively. The battery type sensing unit 4 includes two battery type sensing modules 41 that are electrically connected to the polarity sensing modules 31 respectively. The charge / discharge control unit 5 is signal-connected to the polarity sensing module 31 and the battery type sensing module 41.

[0033] Each polarity sensing module 31 can sense and determine whether the installation polarity of the corresponding battery 903 is correct. When its sensing result indicates that the installation polarity of the battery 903 is incorrect, it will disable the conduction of the battery 903 and the corresponding battery type sensing module 41, and generate a logic signal "1" to disable the signal; when its sensing result indicates that the installation polarity of the battery 903 is correct, it will electrically connect the battery 903 and the corresponding battery type sensing module 41, and generate a logic signal "0" to enable the signal.

[0034] Since there are many ways for the polarity sensing module 31 to sense whether the installation polarity of the battery 903 is correct, and these are existing technologies, such as determining the polarity of the electrically connected battery 903 through diode circuit or transistor circuit design, the polarity sensing module 31 will not be described in detail here.

[0035] Each battery type sensing module 41 can sense and determine whether the electrically connected battery 903 is rechargeable, and has a rechargeable signal output terminal 411 and a non-rechargeable signal output terminal 412. When the sensing result indicates that the battery is rechargeable, it outputs a logic signal "1" through the rechargeable signal output terminal 411 and a logic signal "0" through the non-rechargeable signal output terminal 412. Conversely, when the sensing result indicates that the battery is not rechargeable, it outputs a logic signal "0" through the rechargeable signal output terminal 411 and a logic signal "1" through the non-rechargeable signal output terminal 412.

[0036] Since the supply voltage of rechargeable batteries and disposable batteries is significantly different—the normal operating voltage of carbon-zinc batteries is approximately 0.6–1.5V, that of nickel-metal hydride batteries is approximately 0.8–1.3V, and that of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries is approximately 3–4.2V—in this first embodiment, each battery type sensing module 41 determines whether the battery 903 is rechargeable by sensing the supply voltage of the electrically connected battery 903. However, since there are many ways to determine whether the battery 903 is rechargeable, and these are not the focus of this invention, they will not be described in detail, and implementation is not limited to the above-described sensing and determination methods.

[0037] The charge / discharge control unit 5 includes a charge / discharge switch module 51, a connection mode switching module 52, an analysis and judgment module 53, and a charging control module 54.

[0038] The charge / discharge switch module 51 is electrically connected to the load device 901 and the charging device 902, and can be driven to switch between a disconnected state 511 (disconnecting the load device 901) and a connected state 512. When switched to the connected state 512, the charge / discharge switch module 51 can connect the power output from the connection mode switching module 52 to the load device 901, that is, supply power to the load device 901, and can also connect the power output from the charging device 902 to the connection mode switching module 52.

[0039] The connection mode switching module 52 can be controlled to switch between a parallel mode 521, in which the batteries 903 are connected in parallel to output power, and a series mode 522, in which the batteries 903 are connected in series to output power. When the connection mode switching module 52 switches to the parallel mode 521, the battery 903 is also charged using power drawn from the charging device 902 by the charge / discharge switch module 51. Since outputting battery power and drawing external power to charge the battery are existing battery charging and discharging technologies with many methods, they will not be described in detail here.

[0040] The analysis and judgment module 53 receives and analyzes the sensing and judgment results of the polarity sensing unit 3 and the battery type sensing unit 4, that is, it receives and analyzes the logic signals generated by the polarity sensing unit 3 and the battery type sensing unit 4, so as to control the charging and discharging switch module 51 to switch between the disconnected state 511 and the connected state 512, and control the connection mode switching module 52 to switch between the parallel mode 521 and the series mode 522.

[0041] The analysis and judgment module 53 includes a first logic judgment circuit 531 connected to the polarity sensing unit 3, a second logic judgment circuit 532 and a third logic judgment circuit 533 connected to the battery type sensing unit 4, and a fourth logic judgment circuit 534 connected to the first logic judgment circuit 531, the second logic judgment circuit 532 and the third logic judgment circuit 533.

[0042] In this first embodiment, the first logic judgment circuit 531 is an OR logic gate and is signal-connected to the polarity sensing module 31. When one of the polarity sensing modules 31 generates a logic signal "1" (disable signal), a first logic signal "1" is generated accordingly. When both polarity sensing modules 31 generate a logic signal "0" (not disabled signal), a first logic signal "0" is generated accordingly. The first logic signal "1" can drive the charge / discharge switch module 51 to switch to the off state 511, and the first logic signal "0" can drive the charge / discharge switch module 51 to switch to the on state 512.

[0043] Both the second logic judgment circuit 532 and the third logic judgment circuit 533 are "OR" logic gates. The second logic judgment circuit 532 is connected to the rechargeable signal output terminal 411 of the battery type sensing module 41, and the third logic judgment circuit 533 is connected to the non-rechargeable signal output terminal 412 of the battery type sensing module 41. The second logic judgment circuit 532 generates a second logic signal "1" when the logic signal of one of the rechargeable signal output terminals 411 is "1", and generates a second logic signal "0" when the logic signals of both rechargeable signal output terminals 411 are "0". Similarly, the third logic judgment circuit 533 will generate a third logic signal "1" when the logic signal of one of the non-rechargeable signal output terminals 412 is "1", and will generate a third logic signal "0" when the logic signals of both non-rechargeable signal output terminals 412 are "0".

[0044] The fourth logic decision circuit 534 generates a fourth logic signal that is opposite to the third logic signal based on the first logic signal, the second logic signal, and the third logic signal. The fourth logic decision circuit 534 includes two NOT logic gates connected to the outputs of the first logic decision circuit 531 and the third logic decision circuit 533, respectively, and an AND logic gate connected to the outputs of the second logic decision circuit 532 and the NOT logic gates. The AND logic gate generates the corresponding fourth logic signal based on the logic signals output by the second logic decision circuit 532 and the NOT logic gate.

[0045] In other words, when the installation polarity of the batteries 903 is correct and the batteries 903 are all rechargeable, the first logic judgment circuit 531 will output a first logic signal "0", the second logic judgment circuit 532 will output a second logic signal "1", and the third logic judgment circuit 533 will output a third logic signal "0". At this time, the three logic signals input to the AND logic gate are all "1", which will generate the fourth logic signal "1".

[0046] When all the batteries 903 are installed with the correct polarity, but one of the batteries 903 is not a rechargeable type, the first logic judgment circuit 531 will output a first logic signal "0", the second logic judgment circuit 532 will output a second logic signal "1", and the third logic judgment circuit 533 will output a third logic signal "1". At this time, one of the logic signals input to the AND logic gate is "0", so a fourth logic signal "0" will be generated.

[0047] When the third logic signal is "1", it indicates that one of the batteries 903 is not rechargeable, or both batteries 903 are not rechargeable. In this case, the fourth logic signal must be "0". At this time, the connection mode switching module 52 will be triggered by the third logic signal "1" and switch to the series mode 522. When the third logic signal is "0", it indicates that all batteries 903 are rechargeable. In this case, the fourth logic signal must be "1". At this time, the connection mode switching module 52 will be triggered by the fourth logic signal "1" and switch to the parallel mode 521.

[0048] The charging control module 54 is connected to the output of the fourth logic judgment circuit 534. When the fourth logic signal is "1", it controls the charging device 902 to output power.

[0049] See Figure 1 , 23. When the battery charge / discharge protection device 200 of the present invention is electrically connected to the load device 901 and the charging device 902 and is used with two batteries 903 installed, the charge / discharge protection method it performs includes the following steps.

[0050] Installation polarity determination step 801. First, the polarity sensing unit 3 senses and determines whether the installation polarity of the batteries 903 is correct. If the installation polarity of one of the batteries 903 is incorrect, the charge / discharge switch module 51 is driven to disconnect the load device 901 to prevent the load device 901 from being damaged due to reverse polarity power supply from the batteries 903. When the polarity sensing unit 3 determines that the installation polarity of the batteries 903 is correct, the charge / discharge switch module 51 is driven to switch to the on state 512, which electrically connects the load device 901 and the charging device 902.

[0051] Battery type determination step 802. When the polarity sensing unit 3 determines that the installation polarity of the battery 903 is correct, it drives the battery type sensing unit 4 to electrically connect to the battery 903, so that the battery type sensing unit 4 can sense and determine whether each battery 903 is a rechargeable type.

[0052] Output power control step 803. Next, the analysis and judgment module 53 determines that the batteries 903 are all rechargeable based on the sensing results of the polarity sensing unit 3 and the battery type sensing unit 4. Then, it controls the connection mode switching module 52 to connect the batteries 903 in parallel and supply power to the load device 901 through the charge and discharge switch module 51, which is switched to the on state 512.

[0053] When the analysis and judgment module 53 determines that only one of the batteries 903 is rechargeable, or that neither of the batteries 903 is rechargeable, it will control the connection mode switching module 52 to connect the batteries 903 in series, and supply power to the load device 901 through the charge and discharge switch module 51.

[0054] Charging control step 804. When the connection mode switching module 52 is switched to the parallel mode 521, the charging control module 54 is driven to control the charging device 902 to start outputting power, and the battery 903 connected in parallel is charged via the charge / discharge switch module 51 and the connection mode switching module 52. Alternatively, when the connection mode switching module 52 is switched to the series mode 522, the charging control module 54 is driven to control the charging device 902 not to output power, and thus not to charge the battery 903.

[0055] The above design ensures that the battery 903 will not be powered in reverse polarity, and can further automatically adjust to the optimal power supply mode according to the type of the battery 903, and automatically determine whether the battery 903 can be charged.

[0056] It should be noted that in this first embodiment, two batteries 903 are electrically connected as an example for explanation. However, in other embodiments of the present invention, the number of electrically connected batteries 903 can be increased, not limited to two, and the number of polarity sensing modules 31 of the polarity sensing unit 3 and the number of battery type sensing modules 41 of the battery type sensing unit 4 can be increased accordingly.

[0057] Furthermore, since the analysis and judgment module 53 can control the connection mode switching module 52, the charge and discharge switch module 51 and the charging control module 54 according to the sensing results of the polarity sensing unit 3 and the battery type sensing unit 4, there are many circuit structure designs that can be implemented by a combination of transistor circuits and / or microprocessors and software programs. Therefore, in practice, the analysis and judgment module 53 is not limited to the above-mentioned logic circuit state.

[0058] See Figure 2 , 4 Furthermore, in another embodiment of this first embodiment, the connection mode switching module 52 can be modified to switch between a parallel mode 521 in which the batteries 903 are connected in parallel to output power, and a single battery power supply mode 523 in which only a single battery 903 determined to be rechargeable is electrically connected to output power. Then, when the battery type sensing unit 4 determines that all batteries 903 are rechargeable, the analysis and judgment module 53 controls the connection mode switching module 52 to switch to the parallel mode 521, and drives the charging control module 54 to control the charging device 902 to output power to charge the batteries 903 simultaneously. And when the battery type sensing unit 4 determines that only one battery 903 is rechargeable, the analysis and judgment module 53 controls the connection mode switching module 52 to switch to the single battery power supply mode 523, and drives the charging control module 54 to control the charging device 902 to output power to charge the battery 903 determined to be rechargeable.

[0059] See Figure 1 , 5 The second embodiment of the battery charge / discharge protection device 200 of the present invention differs from the first embodiment in the design of the connection mode switching module 52, the analysis and judgment module 53, and the charging control module 54. For ease of explanation, the following description will only focus on the differences between the embodiments.

[0060] In this second embodiment, each polarity sensing module 31 outputs a logic signal "1" when it senses that the installation polarity of the corresponding battery 903 is correct, and a logic signal "0" otherwise. Each battery type sensing module 41 outputs a logic signal "1" when it senses that the corresponding battery 903 is rechargeable, and a logic signal "0" otherwise.

[0061] The connection mode switching module 52 can be controlled to switch between a parallel mode 521, a series mode 522 and a single battery power mode 523, and the connection mode switching module 52 includes a parallel mode circuit 524 and a series mode circuit 527.

[0062] The parallel mode circuit 524 has two first switches 525 electrically connected to the battery 903, and a parallel sub-circuit 526 electrically connected between the first switches 525 and the charge / discharge switch module 51. The operation of the parallel mode circuit 524 will be explained later.

[0063] The series mode circuit 527 includes two second switches 528 electrically connected to the battery 903, and a series sub-circuit 529 electrically connected between the second switches 528 and the charge / discharge switch module 51. The operation of the series mode circuit 527 will be explained later.

[0064] The analysis and judgment module 53 includes a first logic judgment circuit 531 connected to the polarity sensing unit 3, a third logic judgment circuit 533 connected to the battery type sensing unit 4, and two fifth logic judgment circuits 535.

[0065] The first logic judgment circuit 531 is an AND logic gate. When the polarity sensing module 31 senses and determines that the installation polarity of the battery 903 is correct, that is, when all of them output a logic signal "1", it generates a first logic signal "1" to drive the charge / discharge switch module 51 to switch to the on state 512. When one of the polarity sensing modules 31 outputs a logic signal "0", the first logic judgment circuit 531 controls the charge / discharge switch module 51 to switch to the off state 511.

[0066] The third logic judgment circuit 533 is a NOR logic gate. When the battery type sensing module 41 determines that none of the batteries 903 are rechargeable, it generates a third logic signal "1". Each second switch 528 is triggered by the third logic signal "1", electrically connecting the corresponding battery 903 and the series sub-circuit 529. When the series sub-circuit 529 is simultaneously electrically connected to the batteries 903, it connects the batteries 903 in series to output power to the charge / discharge switch module 51. The third logic judgment circuit 533 will not trigger the second switch 528 when one of the battery type sensing modules 41 outputs a logic signal "0". That is, the series mode circuit 527 is triggered by the third logic signal "1" to start the series mode 522.

[0067] Each fifth logic judgment circuit 535 is an AND logic gate, with its input signal connected to one of the battery type sensing modules 41 and the output of the first logic judgment circuit 531, and its output signal connected to the first switch 525 to which the corresponding battery type sensing module 41 is connected. When the first logic judgment circuit 531 outputs the first logic signal "1" and the corresponding battery type sensing module 41 outputs the logic signal "1", the fifth logic judgment circuit 535 generates a fifth logic signal "1" to trigger the first switch 525 to electrically connect and conduct the corresponding battery 903 and the parallel sub-circuit 526.

[0068] When all batteries 903 are electrically connected simultaneously, the parallel sub-circuit 526 switches to parallel mode 521, connecting the batteries 903 in parallel to output power to the charge / discharge switch module 51. When only one battery 903 is electrically connected, the parallel sub-circuit 526 switches to single-battery power supply mode 523, outputting power only to the connected battery 903 to the charge / discharge switch module 51, while isolating the other battery 903. Furthermore, the parallel sub-circuit 526 uses power from the charging device 902 connected to the charge / discharge switch module 51 to charge each electrically connected battery 903.

[0069] In other words, when the parallel mode circuit 524 receives two fifth logic signals "1" at the same time, it will switch to the parallel mode 521, and when it receives only one fifth logic signal "1", it will switch to the single battery power supply mode 523.

[0070] The charging control module 54 is connected to the output of the fifth logic judgment circuit 535. It will be triggered when one of the fifth logic judgment circuits 535 outputs the fifth logic signal "1", thereby controlling the charging device 902 to output power.

[0071] In summary, through the design of the polarity sensing unit 3 and the charge / discharge control unit 5, the polarity of the battery 903 used in conjunction with the device can be sensed before installation, ensuring that the battery 903 will not be powered by reverse polarity and damage the electrically connected load device 901. Furthermore, in conjunction with the design of the battery type sensing unit 4, it can sense and determine whether the battery 903 is rechargeable, and automatically switch to a parallel mode 521 (connecting the batteries 903 in parallel to output power), a series mode 522 (connecting the batteries 903 in series to output power), or a single-battery power supply mode (only connecting the single rechargeable battery 903) to provide the optimal power supply method according to the battery type. When the parallel mode 521 and the single-battery power supply mode are activated, the electrically connected charging device 902 is controlled to output power to charge each rechargeable battery 903. Therefore, the charge / discharge protection device 200 and the charge / discharge protection method of the present invention are indeed a highly innovative and convenient creation, and effectively achieve the purpose of the present invention.

[0072] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims and description of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A charge / discharge protection device for batteries, suitable for electrical connection between a load device and a charging device, and capable of electrical connection of two batteries, characterized in that: The charge / discharge protection device includes a polarity sensing unit for sensing and determining whether the installation polarity of each battery is correct, a battery type sensing unit for sensing and determining whether each battery is a rechargeable type, and a charge / discharge control unit. The charge / discharge control unit can disconnect the electrical connection to the load device and control the charging device to stop outputting power when the polarity sensing unit determines that the installation polarity of one battery is incorrect. Conversely, when the polarity sensing unit determines that the installation polarity of all batteries is correct and the battery type sensing unit determines that all batteries are rechargeable, the control unit connects the batteries in parallel to supply power to the load device and controls the charging device to output power, and conducts the power output by the charging device to charge the batteries. Conversely, when the polarity sensing unit determines that the installation polarity of all batteries is correct and the battery type sensing unit determines that one battery is not a rechargeable type, the control unit connects the batteries in series to supply power to the load device and controls the charging device to stop outputting power. The charging and discharging control unit includes a charging and discharging switch module for electrically connecting the load device and the charging device, a connection mode switching module, an analysis and judgment module, and a charging control module. The charging and discharging switch module can be driven to switch between a disconnected state (disconnecting the load device) and a connected state. When switched to the connected state, the charging and discharging switch module can connect the power output by the connection mode switching module to the load device and the power output by the charging device to the connection mode switching module. The connection mode switching module can be controlled to operate in a parallel mode (connecting the batteries in parallel to output power) and a series mode (connecting the batteries in series to output power). The power supply can switch between series and parallel modes. The connection mode switching module in the parallel mode can charge the battery with the power connected from the charging device by the charging and discharging switch module. The analysis and judgment module receives and analyzes the sensing and judgment results of the polarity sensing unit and the battery type sensing unit to control the charging and discharging switch module to switch between the disconnected state and the connected state, and to control the connection mode switching module to switch between the parallel mode and the series mode. The charging control module is triggered when the analysis and judgment module controls the connection mode switching module to switch to the parallel mode, and controls the charging device to output power.

2. The charge and discharge protection device for a battery according to claim 1, wherein: The analysis and judgment module includes a first logic judgment circuit connected to the polarity sensing unit, a second logic judgment circuit and a third logic judgment circuit connected to the battery type sensing unit, and a fourth logic judgment circuit connected to the first logic judgment circuit, the second logic judgment circuit, and the third logic judgment circuit. The first logic judgment circuit generates a first logic signal to drive the charge / discharge switch module to the on state when the polarity sensing unit senses and determines that the battery's installation polarity is correct. The second logic judgment circuit generates a second logic signal based on the sensing result from the battery type sensing unit determining whether the battery is rechargeable. The third logic judgment circuit will determine whether the battery is a non-rechargeable type based on the sensing result of the battery type sensing unit, and generate a corresponding third logic signal. The fourth logic judgment circuit will generate a fourth logic signal opposite to the third logic signal based on the first logic signal, the second logic signal and the third logic signal. The connection mode switching module is connected to the third logic judgment circuit and the fourth logic judgment circuit. The connection mode switching module will be triggered to switch to the series mode when the third logic signal is 0 or 1, and will be triggered to switch to the parallel mode when the fourth logic signal is 0 or 1.

3. The charge and discharge protection device for a battery according to claim 2, wherein: The charging control module is connected to the fourth logic judgment circuit. When the connection mode switching module is triggered to switch to the parallel mode, it will be triggered by the fourth logic signal to control the charging device to output power.

4. The charge and discharge protection device for a battery according to claim 1, wherein: The polarity sensing unit includes two polarity sensing modules electrically connected to the battery and the charge / discharge control unit, respectively. The battery type sensing unit includes two battery type sensing modules electrically connected to the polarity sensing modules and the charge / discharge control unit, respectively. When each polarity sensing module senses and determines that the installation polarity of the corresponding battery is correct, it electrically connects the battery to the corresponding battery type sensing module. When it senses and determines that the installation polarity of the corresponding battery is incorrect, it generates a prohibition signal. Each battery type sensing module can sense and determine whether the electrically connected battery is rechargeable and generate a corresponding sensing result. The charge / discharge control unit can be triggered by any prohibition signal to disconnect the electrical connection with the load device and control the charging device not to output power. When all the battery type sensing modules generate the sensing result, it connects the batteries in parallel to supply power to the load device or connects the batteries in series to supply power to the load device, according to the sensing result.

5. A charge-discharge protection device for a battery, which is adapted to be electrically connected between a load device and a charging device, and can be electrically connected to two batteries, characterized in that: The charge / discharge protection device includes a polarity sensing unit for sensing and determining whether the installation polarity of each battery is correct, a battery type sensing unit for sensing and determining whether each battery is a rechargeable type, and a charge / discharge control unit. The charge / discharge control unit can disconnect the electrical connection with the load device and control the charging device to not output power when the polarity sensing unit determines that the installation polarity of one battery is incorrect. When the polarity sensing unit determines that the installation polarity of all batteries is correct and the battery type sensing unit determines that all batteries are rechargeable, the control unit connects the batteries in parallel to supply power to the load device, controls the charging device to output power, and conducts the power output by the charging device to charge the batteries. When the polarity sensing unit determines that the installation polarity of all batteries is correct and the battery type sensing unit determines that only one battery is rechargeable, the control unit only outputs power from the rechargeable battery to supply power to the load device, controls the charging device to output power, and conducts the power output by the charging device to charge the rechargeable battery.

6. The charge and discharge protection device for a battery according to claim 5, wherein: The charging and discharging control unit includes a charging and discharging switch module for electrically connecting the load device and the charging device, a connection mode switching module, and an analysis and judgment module. The charging and discharging switch module can be driven to switch between a disconnected state (disconnecting the load device) and a connected state. When the charging and discharging switch module is in the connected state, it can connect the power output by the connection mode switching module to the load device and the power output by the charging device to the connection mode switching module. The connection mode switching module can be controlled to operate in a parallel mode (connecting the batteries in parallel to output power) and a single battery mode (only outputting power from batteries determined to be rechargeable). The power supply mode switching module can switch between parallel and single battery power supply modes. In the parallel mode, the connection mode switching module can charge the battery with power from the charging device via the charge / discharge switch module. In the single battery power supply mode, the connection mode switching module can charge the rechargeable battery with power from the charging device via the charge / discharge switch module. The analysis and judgment module receives and analyzes the sensing and judgment results of the polarity sensing unit and the battery type sensing unit to control the charge / discharge switch module to switch between the disconnected state and the connected state, and to control the connection mode switching module to switch between the parallel mode and the single battery power supply mode.

7. The charge and discharge protection device for a battery according to claim 6, wherein: The connection mode switching module can also be controlled to switch to a series mode in which the batteries are connected in series to output power. When the polarity sensing unit determines that the installation polarity of the batteries is correct and the battery type sensing unit determines that the batteries are not rechargeable, the analysis and judgment module controls the connection mode switching module to switch to the series mode. The charging and discharging control unit also includes a charging control module. The charging control module is triggered when the analysis and judgment module controls the connection mode switching module to switch to the parallel mode and the single battery power supply mode, and controls the charging device to output power.

8. The charge / discharge protection device for a battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The battery type sensing unit includes two battery type sensing modules, each electrically connected to the battery. Each battery type sensing module can sense and determine whether the electrically connected battery is rechargeable. The analysis and determination module includes a first logic determination circuit connected to the polarity sensing unit, a third logic determination circuit connected to the battery type sensing unit, and two fifth logic determination circuits. The first logic determination circuit generates a first logic signal to drive the charge / discharge switch module to the on state when the polarity sensing unit senses and determines that the battery's installation polarity is correct. The third logic determination circuit generates a first logic signal to drive the charge / discharge switch module to the on state when the polarity sensing unit senses and determines that the battery's polarity is correct. When none of the batteries are rechargeable, a third logic signal is generated to drive the connection mode switching module to switch to the series mode. Each fifth logic judgment circuit signal is connected to one of the battery type sensing modules and the output terminal of the first logic judgment circuit. The fifth logic judgment circuit generates a fifth logic signal when the polarity sensing unit senses and determines that the installation polarity of the battery is correct, and the corresponding battery type sensing module determines that the corresponding battery is rechargeable. The connection mode switching module switches to the parallel mode when it receives two fifth logic signals, and switches to the single battery power supply mode when it receives only one fifth logic signal.

9. The charge and discharge protection device for a battery according to claim 8, wherein: The connection mode switching module includes a series mode circuit and a parallel mode circuit electrically connected between the battery and the charge / discharge switch module. When the connection mode switching module switches to the series mode, the series mode circuit connects the batteries in series to output power to the charge / discharge switch module. The parallel mode circuit includes two first switches electrically connected to the batteries respectively, and a parallel sub-circuit electrically connected between the first switches and the charge / discharge switch module. The first switches are respectively signal-connected to the output terminal of the fifth logic judgment circuit. Each first switch is triggered by the corresponding fifth logic signal to electrically connect the corresponding battery and the parallel sub-circuit. The parallel sub-circuit connects the electrically connected batteries in parallel to output power, or outputs power to only a single electrically connected battery, and conducts power to charge each electrically connected battery.

10. The charge and discharge protection device for a battery according to claim 9, wherein: The series mode circuit includes two second switches electrically connected to the battery respectively, and a series sub-circuit electrically connected between the second switches and the charge / discharge switch module. Each second switch signal is connected to the output terminal of the third logic judgment circuit and can be triggered by the third logic signal to electrically connect and conduct the corresponding battery and the series sub-circuit. The series sub-circuit will connect the electrically connected batteries in series to output power.

11. The charge and discharge protection device for a battery according to claim 8, wherein: The charging control module signal is connected to the output terminal of the fifth logic judgment circuit, and can be triggered by any of the fifth logic signals to control the charging device to output power.

12. A charge-discharge protection method for a battery, which is applicable to a charge-discharge protection device capable of supplying power to a load device by two batteries installed, characterized by: The charge / discharge protection method includes a polarity determination step where the charge / discharge protection device senses and determines whether the installation polarity of each battery is correct, a battery type determination step where the charge / discharge protection device senses and determines whether each battery is a rechargeable type, and an output power control step. The output power control step causes the charge / discharge protection device to disconnect the electrical connection of one battery to the load device when it determines that the installation polarity of any battery is incorrect, and to connect the batteries in parallel to the load device when it determines that the installation polarity of all batteries is correct and that all batteries are rechargeable. The load device is powered, and the charge / discharge protection device, when determining that the installation polarity of all batteries is correct and that one of the batteries is not a rechargeable type, connects the batteries in series to power the load device. In the output power control step, the charge / discharge protection device, when determining that the installation polarity of all batteries is correct and that none of the batteries are rechargeable, connects the batteries in series to power the load device, and when determining that the installation polarity of all batteries is correct and that only one of the batteries is a rechargeable type, outputs the power of that one battery to power the load device.

13. The charge and discharge protection method for a battery according to claim 12, wherein: The charge / discharge protection device is also electrically connected to the charging device, and the charge / discharge protection method further includes a charging control step, which causes the charge / discharge protection device to control the charging device not to output power when it determines that the installation polarity of one of the batteries is incorrect, or when the batteries are connected in series to supply power to the load device, and causes the charge / discharge protection device to control the charging device to output power when the batteries are connected in parallel to supply power to the load device, and conducts the power output by the charging device to charge the battery.

14. The charge and discharge protection method for a battery according to claim 12, wherein: The charge / discharge protection device is also electrically connected to the charging device, and the charge / discharge protection method further includes a charging control step, which causes the charge / discharge protection device to control the charging device not to output power when the batteries are connected in series to supply power to the load device, and causes the charge / discharge protection device to control the charging device to output power when the batteries are connected in parallel to supply power to the load device, or when the power of one of the batteries is output to supply power to the load device, and conducts the power output by the charging device to charge the battery or one of the batteries.

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