An airway stent
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHENZHEN LIFETECH RESPIRATION SCI CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2021-12-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
Smart Images
Figure CN116250963B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, and specifically relates to an airway stent. Background Technology
[0002] Airway stents are an important treatment for tracheal and bronchial stenosis, allowing for rapid airway reconstruction and relief of symptoms such as difficulty breathing. Based on material, airway stents can be divided into metallic stents and non-metallic stents. Based on whether they are covered, metallic stents are further divided into covered stents and bare stents.
[0003] Early airway stents primarily used bare metal stents, mainly nickel-titanium shape memory alloy mesh stents. Bare metal stents have the advantages of being less prone to displacement and less likely to trap airway secretions. However, because the mesh space of bare metal stents is relatively large, it cannot prevent tumors or granulation tissue from growing along the mesh, allowing malignant tumors to easily grow into the stent lumen and cause airway restenosis. Therefore, bare metal stents can only be placed for short periods to relieve airway obstruction and should not be left in place for extended periods.
[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, covered stents have emerged in the prior art. These stents add a covering layer to the bare stent, preventing tumor growth from entering the stent. Because the covering causes less irritation to the airway wall, it can effectively reduce granulation tissue proliferation. However, covered stents also prevent the action of the airway cilia, making it difficult to clear airway secretions, leading to secretion retention at both ends of the airway and causing complications such as cough and pneumonia.
[0005] Therefore, a new technical approach is needed to reduce the stimulation of the airway wall by the airway stent without causing airway secretions to accumulate on the surface of the airway stent, thereby reducing the proliferation of granulation tissue. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to at least solve the problem that existing metal-coated stents easily irritate the airway wall, thereby increasing granulation tissue proliferation.
[0007] The present invention proposes an airway stent, comprising a stent body and a covering disposed on the stent body, wherein the stent body includes a lumbar stent section and a dense mesh bare stent section disposed at the end of the lumbar stent section, and the covering is disposed on the lumbar stent section, the covering including an outer membrane disposed on the outer surface of the lumbar stent section and an inner membrane disposed on the inner surface of the lumbar stent section.
[0008] According to the airway stent of the present invention, a membrane is provided on the lumbar stent segment. The membrane reduces the irritation of the lumbar stent segment to the airway inner wall, and the double-layer membrane improves the bonding strength of the membrane, further preventing tumor growth into the stent. Furthermore, a dense mesh bare stent segment is provided at both ends of the lumbar stent segment to ensure the anchoring force between the airway stent and the airway inner wall, while ensuring that the mucosal cilia on the airway inner wall are not affected, and that there is no retention of secretions at both ends of the airway stent. Therefore, by using the airway stent of the present invention, the irritation of the airway stent to the airway inner wall can be reduced without the retention of airway secretions on the surface of the airway stent, thereby reducing the proliferation of granulation tissue and preventing airway restenosis.
[0009] In addition, the airway stent according to the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:
[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the inner membrane and the outer membrane are joined and fixed through the mesh of the waist support section.
[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, an extended membrane covering the inner surface of the dense mesh bare stent segment is further provided within the stent body.
[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mesh density of the dense mesh bare support section is greater than that of the waist support section, and the dense mesh bare support section is a single-layer dense woven mesh structure or a multi-layer woven mesh structure.
[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the dense mesh bare support segment includes an inner support mesh and an outer support mesh, one end of the inner support mesh is connected to the waist support segment, and the other end of the inner support mesh is connected to the outer support mesh; or one end of the outer support mesh is connected to the waist support segment, and the other end of the outer support mesh is connected to the inner support mesh.
[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, an interlayer membrane is provided between the inner support mesh and the outer support mesh.
[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the inner support mesh is integrally formed with the waist support section, the end of the inner support mesh is turned outward and folded back to form the outer support mesh, and the inner support mesh and the outer support mesh are connected by the folded end.
[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the folded end protrudes in a direction away from the bracket body relative to the outer support mesh, and at least one protruding support portion is provided on the outer support mesh, the protruding support portion having the same or different shape as the folded end.
[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the lumbar support segment is provided with sutures for increasing the connection strength between the covering film and the lumbar support segment.
[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, a recovery line is provided on the bare support section with dense mesh at one end of the support body, and the recovery line passes through the edge of the bare support section with dense mesh. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the airway stent in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the support body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the airway stent implanted in the airway according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of granulation tissue growing on the inner wall of the airway in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the folded end of the airway body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the folded end of the airway body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the folded end in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the folded end in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the coating structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the outer membrane structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the outer and inner membrane structures in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the protrusion support portion in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 14This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the protrusion support portion in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the extended membrane in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
[0034] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the sandwich membrane structure in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;
[0035] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sandwich membrane and the extended membrane in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;
[0036] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the suture structure in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;
[0037] Figure 19 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the suture in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;
[0038] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the suture in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;
[0039] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the suture in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;
[0040] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the suture in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;
[0041] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the recycling line in Embodiment Six of the present invention;
[0042] Figure 24 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the recycling line in Embodiment Six of the present invention;
[0043] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the recycling line in Embodiment Six of the present invention;
[0044] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the airway stent in Embodiment 7 of the present invention;
[0045] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the airway stent implanted in the airway in Embodiment 7 of the present invention;
[0046] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support body in Embodiment 7 of the present invention;
[0047] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the connection part of the support body in Embodiment 7 of the present invention;
[0048] Figure 30This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the connecting part of the support body in Embodiment 7 of the present invention;
[0049] Figure 31 This is a schematic diagram of the coating structure in Embodiment 7 of the present invention;
[0050] Figure 32 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the airway stent in Embodiment 8 of the present invention;
[0051] Figure 33 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the support body in Embodiment 8 of the present invention;
[0052] Figure 34 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second braided yarn in Embodiment 8 of the present invention;
[0053] Figure 35 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the second braiding yarn in Embodiment 8 of the present invention;
[0054] Figure 36 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another embodiment of the airway stent in Embodiment 8 of the present invention;
[0055] Figure 37 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the main braiding yarn and the auxiliary braiding yarn in Embodiment 8 of the present invention;
[0056] Figure 38 This is a partial structural diagram of the support body in Embodiment 9 of the present invention;
[0057] Figure 39 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second and third braiding filaments in Embodiment 9 of the present invention;
[0058] Figure 40 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the second and third braiding yarns in Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
[0059] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows:
[0060] 10. Scaffold body; 11. Mesh; 20. Covering membrane; 21. Inner membrane; 22. Outer membrane; 23. Membrane; 24. Extension membrane; 25. Connecting part; 30. Waist scaffold segment; 301. Second braided filament; 302. Third braided filament; 40. Dense mesh bare scaffold segment; 401. First dense mesh segment; 402. Second dense mesh segment; 403. First braided filament; 404. Main braided filament; 405. Secondary braided filament; 41. Inner support mesh; 42. Outer support mesh; 43. Folded end; 44. Protruding support part; 45. Mesh concentration point; 50. Suture; 51. Suture ring; 60. Retrieval suture; 61. Connecting suture; 62. Operating suture; 70. Inner wall of airway; 80. Tumor; 90. Granulation tissue. Detailed Implementation
[0061] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
[0062] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also refer to the plural forms.
[0063] Although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in the text to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or section from another region, layer, or section.
[0064] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "below," "above," "upper," etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure.
[0065] For ease of description, the following description uses the terms "proximal" and "distal," where "proximal" refers to the end closer to the operator and "distal" refers to the end farther from the operator. The phrase "axial direction" should be understood in this patent as indicating the direction in which the interventional device is advanced and de-escalated, and the direction perpendicular to the "axial direction" is defined as the "radial direction."
[0066] Example 1: An airway stent, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the device includes a stent body 10 and a covering 20 disposed on the stent body 10. The stent body 10 includes a lumbar stent segment 30 and a dense-mesh bare stent segment 40 disposed at one end of the lumbar stent segment 30. The stent body 10 is formed by braiding filaments, with the gaps between adjacent filaments forming mesh 11. The mesh 11 density of the dense-mesh bare stent segment 40 is greater than that of the lumbar stent segment 30, and the covering 20 is disposed on the lumbar stent segment 30. Firstly, this application provides a covering 20 on the lumbar stent segment 30 to reduce the irritation caused by the lumbar stent segment 30 to the airway wall and to prevent tumor growth towards the airway stent.
[0067] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 5 As shown, the dense mesh bare stent section 40 is a stent section without a membrane structure on the outside, and the density of the mesh 11 is the number of mesh 11 per unit area. That is, the waist stent section 30 of this application is provided with a membrane 20, and at least one end of the waist stent section 30 is provided with a dense mesh bare stent section 30, thereby reducing the irritation of the stent body 10 to the airway inner wall 70. Since the dense mesh bare stent section 40 is without a membrane structure on the outside, it does not affect the function of the cilia on the airway inner wall 70, ensuring that airway secretions do not accumulate on the airway body 10. Since a section of bare, mesh-free support structure 40 without a membrane structure is provided on the airway body 10, and the exposed support structure is prone to irritating the inner wall 70 of the airway, the density of the mesh 11 of the bare, mesh-free support structure 40 is set to be larger. This increases the contact area between the bare, mesh-free support structure 40 and the inner wall 70 of the airway, reduces the overall pressure of the bare, mesh-free support structure 40 on the inner wall 70 of the airway, and thus effectively reduces the stimulation of the end of the support body 10 on the inner wall 70 of the airway, and reduces the growth of granulation tissue 90.
[0068] In this application, at least one end of the lumbar support segment 30 is provided with a dense mesh bare support segment 40, or both ends of the lumbar support segment 30 are provided with dense mesh bare support segments 40. Specifically, by providing dense mesh bare support segments 40 at both ends of the lumbar support segment 30, the above-mentioned technical solution utilizes the exposed dense mesh bare support segments 40 at both ends of the airway body 10 to ensure the anchoring force between the support body 10 and the inner wall of the airway. Since the lumbar support segment 30 adopts the design of dense mesh bare support segments 40 at both ends, there are gaps in the dense mesh bare support segments 40, and there will be no secretion retention at both ends of the support body 10.
[0069] Therefore, by using the airway stent of this application, not only can the anchoring force be guaranteed, but also the stimulation of the stent body 10 on the inner wall of the airway can be reduced without the retention of airway secretions on the surface of the airway stent, thereby reducing the proliferation of granulation tissue and effectively preventing the occurrence of airway restenosis.
[0070] The dense mesh bare support section 40 of this application can adopt a multi-layer woven mesh structure with staggered arrangement, or it can adopt a single-layer woven mesh dense weaving method. When using a single-layer woven mesh dense weaving, one type of weaving wire can be used for dense weaving, or two or more different types of weaving wire can be used for mixed weaving.
[0071] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the dense mesh bare support section 40 adopts a double-layer woven mesh structure. The double-layer woven mesh structure of the dense mesh bare support section 40 includes an inner support mesh 41 and an outer support mesh 42. One end of the inner support mesh 41 is connected to the waist support section 30, and the other end of the inner support mesh 41 is connected to the outer support mesh 42. In other embodiments, one end of the outer support mesh 42 is connected to the waist support section 30, and the other end of the outer support mesh 42 is connected to the inner support mesh 41.
[0072] In this embodiment, one end of the inner support net 41 is connected to the waist support section 30, and the other end of the inner support net 41 is connected to the outer support net 42. The inner support net 41 and the outer support net 42 are connected by a folded end 43.
[0073] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, granulation tissue easily grows at both ends of existing airway stents as the implantation time increases. According to the literature, the granulation tissue 90 at both ends of the stent body 10 is mainly caused by the stimulation of sharp materials at both ends of the stent body 10. However, the ends of the dense mesh bare stent segment 40 formed by the outward folding and retraction of the present application do not have the sharp parts of the traditional bare stent, that is, the inner support mesh 41 and the outer support mesh 42 are connected by the folded end 43.
[0074] On the one hand, since the folded end 43 is formed by folding, it has a smooth surface. The smooth surface causes much less stimulation to the airway inner wall 70 compared to the sharp end of a traditional bare stent. Therefore, the two ends of the stent body 10 are less likely to cause granulation tissue 90 to grow due to stimulation.
[0075] On the other hand, since the two ends of the support body 10 are folded outwards to form a densely woven end, the contact area between the ends of the support body 10 and the inner wall 70 of the airway is increased, reducing the pressure received per unit area of the inner wall 70 of the airway, reducing the stimulation of the inner wall 70 of the airway, and further reducing the proliferation of granulation tissue 90.
[0076] Furthermore, even if granulation tissue proliferates at both ends of the stent body 10, the airway stent of this embodiment can slow down the time it takes for the granulation tissue to grow into the stent. When the granulation tissue 90 proliferates, it first contacts the outer support mesh 42 located on the outer side. If the granulation tissue 90 grows beyond the outer support mesh 42, it will then contact the inner support mesh 41 on the inner side. The inner support mesh 41 acts as a second barrier, further preventing the granulation tissue 90 from growing into the stent. The outer support mesh 42 and the inner support mesh 41 act as a double barrier, increasing the time it takes for the granulation tissue 90 to grow into the airway stent lumen, thus buying more time for doctors and patients to resolve the issue.
[0077] In the specific molding process, the inner support net 41 is integrally formed with the waist support section 30, and the end of the inner support net 41 is turned outward and folded back to form the outer support net 42.
[0078] In other embodiments, when one end of the outer support mesh 42 is connected to the waist support section 30 and the other end of the outer support mesh 42 is connected to the inner support mesh 41, the end of the outer support mesh 42 can be folded inward and back to form the inner support mesh 41. That is, regardless of whether the dense mesh bare support section 40 is formed by folding outward or inward, as long as a double-layer woven mesh structure can be formed, the density of the mesh openings 11 of the dense mesh bare support section 40 is greater than the density of the mesh openings of the waist support section 30.
[0079] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the two dense mesh bare stent segments 40, respectively located at both ends of the lumbar stent segment 30, include a first dense mesh segment 401 located at one end of the lumbar stent segment 30 and a second dense mesh segment 402 located at the other end of the lumbar stent segment 30. The stent body 10 is woven into a mesh tube structure by one or more braided wires, and the two ends of the mesh tube structure are folded outwards to form the first dense mesh segment 401 and the second dense mesh segment 402, respectively. The structure of the first dense mesh segment 401 and the second dense mesh segment 402 can be the same or different, allowing the doctor to choose according to the patient's specific condition. For example, the lengths of the first dense mesh segment 401 and the second dense mesh segment 402 may differ, or the folded ends 43 of the first dense mesh segment 401 and the second dense mesh segment 402 may have different structures.
[0080] Among them, the folded end 43 protrudes in the direction away from the support body 10 relative to the outer support mesh 42, that is, the outer diameter of the folded end 43 at both ends of the support body 10 is larger than the outer diameter of the waist support section 30.
[0081] The folded end 43 has an arc-shaped structure, such as a circular or spherical structure. That is, the fold between the inner support mesh 41 and the outer support mesh 42 adopts an arc-shaped transition, so that the contact surface between the folded end 43 and the inner wall of the airway 70 is smoothly transitioned, reducing the stimulation of the inner wall of the airway 70 by the support body 10.
[0082] After the stent body 10 is implanted, the arc-shaped surface of the folded end 43 contacts the inner wall 70 of the airway to keep the stent body 10 fixed, and at the same time ensures the cleaning effect of the airway mucosal cilia at both ends of the stent body 10, reduces the retention of airway secretions, and can also promote the proliferation of granulation tissue 90.
[0083] The main function of the airway stent is that, when the stent is implanted in a site of airway stenosis caused by a malignant airway lesion, the airway body 10 will compress the tumor 80 to restore central airway ventilation. At this time, the main mechanism by which the airway body 10 is fixed in the airway is that the radial expansion force of the lumbar stent segment 30 located in the middle of the stent body 10 interacts with the tumor 80, thus preventing the stent body 10 from shifting.
[0084] In general, after stent implantation for malignant tumors 80, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are usually performed. After radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the tumor 80 will gradually shrink. As the tumor 80 shrinks, the force between the lumbar stent segment 30 and the tumor 80 will relatively decrease. When the above situation occurs, the existing airway stent is prone to displacement.
[0085] In this application, because the folded end 43 protrudes in the direction away from the stent body 10 relative to the outer support mesh 42, the outer diameter of the folded end 43 is larger than the outer diameter of the lumbar stent segment 30. After the tumor 80 shrinks, although the force between the lumbar stent segment 30 and the tumor 80 decreases, the force between the folded end 43 and the inner wall 7 of the airway will relatively increase, thereby maintaining the overall force between the stent body 10 and the airway. Therefore, the airway stent of this application is not prone to displacement.
[0086] In other embodiments, combined with Figure 8 As shown, the folded end 43 can also be square. The advantage of the above arrangement is that it can increase the contact area between the folded end 43 and the inner wall 70 of the airway, and increase the anchoring force between the support body 10 and the inner wall 70 of the airway.
[0087] In other embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, when the folded ends 43 of the first dense mesh segment 401 and the second dense mesh segment 402 have different structures, the folded ends 43 of the first dense mesh segment 401 are square, while the folded ends 43 of the second dense mesh segment 402 are arc-shaped. The advantage of this design is that doctors can choose different shapes of folded ends 43 according to the patient's actual condition to suit patients with different conditions.
[0088] Furthermore, in combination Figures 10 to 12As shown, the membrane 20 includes an outer membrane 22 disposed on the outer surface of the lumbar stent segment 30. In order to further prevent the malignant tumor 80 in the airway from growing into the stent body 10, causing restenosis of the airway inner wall 70 or making the stent body 10 difficult to remove, this embodiment has a biocompatible polymer membrane 20 covering the outer surface of the lumbar stent segment 30 to further prevent the malignant tumor 80 from growing into the stent body 10.
[0089] The material of the coating 20 can be PET, PTFE, ePTFE, silicone, polyurethane, etc. The thickness of the coating 20 is adjusted according to the size of the braided filaments of the support body 10 and the inner and outer diameters of the support body 10. This application does not impose any restrictions.
[0090] To enhance the bonding strength between the overlay 20 and the stent body 10 and further prevent tumor inward growth, the overlay 20 of this application also includes an intima 21 disposed on the inner surface of the lumbar stent segment 30. Since the stent body 10 has mesh 11, the intima 21 and the outer membrane 22 can be bonded and fixed through the mesh 11 of the lumbar stent segment 30. The intima 21 and the outer membrane 22 can be fixed by heat fusion or by adhesive bonding, and the materials of the intima 21 and the outer membrane 22 can be the same or different.
[0091] Therefore, in this embodiment, dense mesh bare support sections 40 are provided at both ends of the lumbar support section 30, and the density of the mesh 11 of the dense mesh bare support section 40 is greater than that of the lumbar support section 30. Simultaneously, while ensuring the anchoring force between the dense mesh bare support section 40 and the airway inner wall 70, the airway support of this invention increases the contact area between the dense mesh bare support section 40 and the airway inner wall 70, reducing the pressure per unit area on the airway inner wall 70, thus reducing irritation to the airway inner wall 70. Furthermore, due to the design of the dense mesh bare support sections 40 at both ends of the lumbar support section 30, there will be no secretion retention at either end of the support body 10.
[0092] In summary, by using the airway stent of the present invention, the stimulation of the airway stent to the inner wall of the airway can be reduced without causing airway secretions to accumulate on the surface of the airway stent, thereby reducing the proliferation of granulation tissue and preventing airway restenosis.
[0093] Example 2: Example 2 of this application provides an airway stent, such as... Figures 1 to 3As shown, the support body 10 includes a waist support section 30 and two densely woven bare support sections 40 respectively disposed at both ends of the waist support section 30. The mesh density 11 of the densely woven bare support sections 40 is greater than that of the waist support section 30. A covering film 20 is disposed on the waist support section 30. The densely woven bare support section 40 has a double-layer woven mesh structure, including an inner support mesh 41 and an outer support mesh 42. One end of the inner support mesh 41 is connected to the waist support section 30, and the inner support mesh 41 is integrally formed with the waist support section 30. The other end of the inner support mesh 41 is connected to the outer support mesh 42. Figure 6 The inner support net 41 is folded outward and then folded back to form the outer support net 42. The inner support net 41 and the outer support net 42 are connected by the folded end 43, which protrudes in the direction away from the support body 10 relative to the outer support net 42.
[0094] like Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, in this embodiment, at least one protruding support portion 44 is also provided on the outer support mesh 42. The protruding support portion 44 may have the same or different shape as the folded end portion 43. The protruding support portion 44 is integrally formed with the outer support mesh 42, and the protruding support portion 44 is formed by protruding from the outer support mesh 42 in a direction away from the bracket body 10.
[0095] There can be one or more protruding support portions 44. When there are multiple protruding support portions 44, the shapes of the multiple protruding support portions 44 can be the same or different. The shape of the protruding support portion 44 is preferably arc-shaped, but it can also be set to other shapes such as square according to actual needs.
[0096] In this embodiment, by adding protruding support parts 44 to the outer support mesh 42, the anchoring force between the support body 10 and the inner wall of the airway 70 can be strengthened. It can also reduce the pressure between the folded end 43 and each protruding support part 44 and the inner wall of the airway 70, reduce the stimulation of the support body 10 on the inner wall of the airway 70, and avoid the proliferation of granulation tissue 90.
[0097] In other embodiments, the two dense mesh bare support sections 40 respectively disposed at both ends of the waist support section 30 include a first dense mesh section 401 disposed at one end of the waist support section 30 and a second dense mesh section 402 disposed at the other end of the waist support section 30.
[0098] When the structures of the raised support portions 44 of the first dense mesh segment 401 and the second dense mesh segment 402 are different, the raised support portions 44 of the first dense mesh segment 401 can all be arc-shaped or one of the raised support portions 44 can be arc-shaped, while the raised support portions 44 of the second dense mesh segment 402 can all be square or one of the raised support portions 44 can be square. The advantage of the above arrangement is that doctors can choose different shapes of raised support portions 44 according to the actual situation of the patients to adapt to patients with different conditions.
[0099] In summary, this embodiment strengthens the anchoring force between the support body 10 and the inner wall of the airway 70 by adding a protruding support part 44, reduces the overall pressure between the support body 10 and the inner wall of the airway 70, reduces the stimulation of the inner wall of the airway 70 by the support body 10, and effectively avoids the proliferation of granulation tissue 90.
[0100] Embodiment 3: Embodiment 3 of this application provides an airway stent, such as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the support body 10 includes a waist support section 30 and two dense mesh bare support sections 40 respectively disposed at both ends of the waist support section 30. The mesh density 11 of the dense mesh bare support sections 40 is greater than the mesh density 11 of the waist support section 30. A covering film 20 is disposed on the waist support section 30. Figure 5 As shown, the dense mesh bare support section 40 has a double-layer woven mesh structure, which includes an inner support mesh 41 and an outer support mesh 42. One end of the inner support mesh 41 is connected to the waist support section 30, and the other end of the inner support mesh 41 is connected to the outer support mesh 42.
[0101] Among them, such as Figure 12 As shown, the membrane 20 includes an outer membrane 22 disposed on the outer surface of the waist support section 30 and an inner membrane 21 disposed on the inner surface of the waist support section 30. The inner membrane 21 and the outer membrane 22 are bonded and fixed through the mesh 11 of the waist support section 30, for example by heat fusion bonding.
[0102] like Figure 15 As shown, in order to further prevent the tumor 80 from growing inward and to prevent the proliferation of granulation tissue 90 at both ends of the stent body 10, an extension membrane 24 is also provided inside the stent body 10 to cover the inner surface of the dense mesh bare stent segment 40. The extension membrane 24 is integrally provided with the inner membrane 21, thereby covering the entire inner surface of the stent body 10.
[0103] The material of the extended membrane 24 can be PET, PTFE, ePTFE, silicone, polyurethane, etc., and the thickness of the extended membrane 24 can be set according to actual needs. When the extended membrane 24 is integrally set with the inner membrane 21, the material of the extended membrane 24 is the same as that of the inner membrane 21.
[0104] In other embodiments, the extension membrane 24 and the inner membrane 21 may be provided separately from the inner membrane 21. In this case, the materials of the extension membrane 24 and the inner membrane 21 may be the same or different.
[0105] Because an extension membrane 24 is also added to the inner surface of the bare stent section 40, the covering membrane 20 in this embodiment can cover the entire inner surface of the stent body 10. This not only prevents the tumor 80 from growing inward, but also prevents the granulation tissue 90 at both ends of the stent body 10 from growing inward. At the same time, the outward-facing portion of the stent body 10, i.e., the outer support mesh 42, remains in a bare stent state, and the outer surface of the outer support mesh 42 is not covered by the membrane 20. This ensures that the cleaning ability of the mucosal cilia in the airway remains unchanged, effectively clearing the retention of secretions on the inner wall 70 of the airway.
[0106] In other embodiments, the outer membrane 22 may also partially cover the mesh bare support segment 40, thereby improving the connection between the mesh bare support segment 40 and the waist support segment 30.
[0107] In summary, this embodiment prevents the tumor 80 from growing inward and also prevents the proliferation of granulation tissue 90 at both ends of the stent body 10 by providing an extended membrane 24 covering the inner surface of the dense mesh bare stent segment 40 on the inner side of the stent body 10.
[0108] Example 4: Example 4 of this application provides an airway stent, such as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the support body 10 includes a waist support section 30 and two dense mesh bare support sections 40 respectively disposed at both ends of the waist support section 30. The mesh density 11 of the dense mesh bare support sections 40 is greater than the mesh density 11 of the waist support section 30. A covering film 20 is disposed on the waist support section 30. Figure 5 As shown, the dense mesh bare support section 40 has a double-layer woven mesh structure, which includes an inner support mesh 41 and an outer support mesh 42. One end of the inner support mesh 41 is connected to the waist support section 30, and the other end of the inner support mesh 41 is connected to the outer support mesh 42.
[0109] Among them, such as Figure 12 As shown, the membrane 20 includes an outer membrane 22 disposed on the outer surface of the waist support section 30 and an inner membrane 21 disposed on the inner surface of the waist support section 30. The inner membrane 21 and the outer membrane 22 are bonded and fixed through the mesh 11 of the waist support section 30, for example by heat fusion bonding.
[0110] like Figure 16As shown, in this embodiment, in order to further prevent the tumor 80 from growing inward and the granulation tissue 90 from proliferating, a sandwich membrane 23 is provided between the inner support mesh 41 and the outer support mesh 42. By providing the sandwich membrane 23, not only can the tumor 80 be prevented from growing inward and the granulation tissue 90 from proliferating, but the cleaning ability of the mucosal cilia in the airway inner wall 70 can also be maintained.
[0111] Specifically, the inner surface of the stent body 10 is covered with an inner membrane 21, the outer surface of the stent body 10 is covered with an outer membrane 22, and the interlayer between the outer support net 42 and the inner support net 41 at both ends of the stent body 10 is covered with an interlayer membrane 23, which can be tightly attached to the inner support net 41.
[0112] The material of the interlayer membrane 23 can be selected from PET, PTFE, ePTFE, silicone, polyurethane, etc., and the thickness of the interlayer membrane 23 can be set according to actual needs.
[0113] In other implementations, such as Figure 17 As shown, to improve the weldability of the interlayer membrane 23, an extension membrane 24 is also provided inside the support body 10, covering the inner surface of the bare support section 40 with a dense mesh. The extension membrane 24 is integrally formed with the inner membrane 21, thereby covering the entire inner surface of the support body 10. The interlayer membrane 23 and the extension membrane 24 are bonded and fixed together through the mesh openings 11 of the inner support mesh 41. The interlayer membrane 23 and the extension membrane 24 can be fixed by heat fusion or by adhesive bonding.
[0114] In summary, this embodiment, by adding a sandwich membrane 23 between the inner support mesh 41 and the outer support mesh 42, prevents the tumor 80 from growing inward and the granulation tissue 90 from proliferating without affecting the cleaning ability of the mucosal cilia of the airway inner wall 70.
[0115] Example 5: Example 5 of this application provides an airway stent, such as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the support body 10 includes a waist support section 30 and two dense-mesh bare support sections 40 respectively disposed at both ends of the waist support section 30. The mesh density 11 of the dense-mesh bare support section 40 is greater than that of the mesh density 11 of the waist support section 30. A covering film 20 is disposed on the waist support section 30. The dense-mesh bare support section 40 has a double-layer woven mesh structure, including an inner support mesh 41 and an outer support mesh 42. One end of the inner support mesh 41 is connected to the waist support section 30, and the other end of the inner support mesh 41 is connected to the outer support mesh 42.
[0116] Among them, such as Figure 12As shown, the membrane 20 includes an outer membrane 22 disposed on the outer surface of the waist support section 30 and an inner membrane 21 disposed on the inner surface of the waist support section 30. The inner membrane 21 and the outer membrane 22 are bonded and fixed through the mesh 11 of the waist support section 30, for example by heat fusion bonding.
[0117] like Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown, in order to further improve the bonding strength between the cover film 20 and the support body 10 and prevent the cover film 20 from separating from the support, a suture line 50 is provided on the waist support section 30 to increase the connection strength between the cover film 20 and the waist support section 30.
[0118] In other embodiments, the covering 20 may also partially cover the mesh support segment 40, and the suture 50 may be sewn onto the bare mesh support segment 40.
[0119] In this embodiment, the suture 50 passes through the mesh 11 of the waist support section 30 or the dense mesh bare support section 40, and is threaded inside and outside the outer edge of the support body 10 and the edge of the covering 20, forming a wavy linear structure. It is then repeatedly wound and tightened, so that the covering 20 adheres tightly to the braided threads of the support body 10. In this embodiment, the suture 50 wraps around the outer edge of the support body 10 at least once, thereby completely sewing and fixing the entire circle of the covering 20 to the support body 10.
[0120] The suture 50 can be threaded through every other mesh 11, or through multiple meshes 11, as shown below. Figure 20 As shown, the suture 50 is inserted through every four mesh openings 11. When the suture 50 passes through the covering membrane 20, it creates puncture holes. If there are too many puncture holes, the strength of the covering membrane 20 will be affected. Therefore, the interval between the insertion of the suture 50 can be selected according to the actual situation such as the material of the suture 50; this embodiment does not impose a limitation.
[0121] Since too many puncture holes would affect the strength of the covering membrane 20, the suture 50 uses a single puncture hole when passing through the same mesh 11 from the inside out and from the outside in, thereby reducing the number of puncture holes.
[0122] The suture 50 is preferably made of PET, PTFE, ePTFE, etc. The outer diameter of the suture 50 is determined according to the diameter of the braided filament of the support body 10 and the thickness of the coating 20, which is not limited in this application.
[0123] In other embodiments, such as Figure 21 and Figure 22The membrane 20 can also be partially sutured, meaning the suture line 50 is set to wrap around the outer edge of the support body 10 for less than a full circumference. Using partial sutures can enhance the structural strength between the membrane 20 and the support body 10 while ensuring the structural strength of the membrane 20.
[0124] When the covering membrane 20 is partially sutured, the suture 50 can be sutured in layers. Specifically, the suture 50 is placed at the edge of the covering membrane 20, and the covering membrane 20 is tightened by internal and external punctures. In order to enhance the local suture strength, the puncture holes of the suture 50 are staggered when performing internal and external punctures.
[0125] Through the above embodiments, the suture 50 forms a plurality of suture loops 51 that are connected end to end or staggered and overlapping, and each suture loop 51 passes through the mesh 11 of the support body 10. Preferably, adjacent suture loops 51 have overlapping portions. Because adjacent suture loops 51 have overlapping portions, the overall suture strength of the suture 50 is increased, achieving the purpose of enhancing suture strength without affecting the strength of the covering film 20.
[0126] In summary, this embodiment enhances the bonding strength between the cover film 20 and the stent body 10 by adding a suture 50 to the stent body 10 and suturing the cover film 20 to the waist stent segment 30 through the suture 50, thereby effectively preventing the cover film 20 from detaching from the stent body 10.
[0127] Example 6: Example 6 of this application provides an airway stent, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the support body 10 includes a waist support section 30 and two dense mesh bare support sections 40 respectively disposed at both ends of the waist support section 30. The mesh density 11 of the dense mesh bare support section 40 is greater than the mesh density 11 of the waist support section 30. The covering film 20 is disposed on the waist support section 30.
[0128] like Figure 23 As shown, in this embodiment, to facilitate the removal or retrieval of the stent after the airway is implanted in the stent body 10, a retrieval line 60 is provided on the stent body 10. The retrieval line 60 is provided on the dense mesh bare stent section 40 at one end of the stent body 10, and the retrieval line 60 passes through the edge of the dense mesh bare stent section 40.
[0129] Among them, such as Figure 24 and Figure 25As shown, the dense mesh bare stent segment 40 includes an inner support mesh 41 and an outer support mesh 42. A retrieval line 60 is at least partially inserted between the inner support mesh 41 and the outer support mesh 42. The retrieval line 60 includes a connecting line 61 and an operating line 62. The connecting line 61 is at least partially located between the inner support mesh 41 and the outer support mesh 42. One end of the operating line 62 is connected to the connecting line 61, and the other end of the operating line 62 is located outside the stent body 10 for physician operation.
[0130] In practice, the doctor pulls the operating line 62, causing the connecting line 61 to shrink the diameter of the opening of the dense mesh bare stent segment 40. Because the diameter of the opening of the dense mesh bare stent segment 40 shrinks, the opening of the dense mesh bare stent segment 40 separates from the airway inner wall 70, reducing the force between the stent body 10 and the airway inner wall 70, making it easier for the doctor to remove the airway stent.
[0131] When the bare support section 40 of the dense mesh is a single-layer dense woven mesh structure, the connecting line 61 is threaded along the edge of the bare support section 40 of the dense mesh. When the bare support section 40 of the dense mesh is a double-layer or multi-layer woven mesh structure, the connecting line 61 can be partially located between the two layers of woven mesh, or it can be located entirely between the two layers of woven mesh.
[0132] In this embodiment, the dense mesh bare stent segment 40 has a double-layer braided mesh structure. The connecting line 61 can be partially located between the inner support mesh 41 and the outer support mesh 42, and partially located outside the outer support mesh 42. Alternatively, the connecting line 61 can be entirely located between the inner support mesh 41 and the outer support mesh 42. When the connecting line 61 is entirely located between the inner support mesh 41 and the outer support mesh 42, the frictional force experienced by the connecting line 61 during movement is smaller, and the force required to retract the opening of the dense mesh bare stent segment 40 is smaller, facilitating the doctor's retrieval operation.
[0133] In summary, the airway stent provided in this application features a membrane on the lumbar stent segment to reduce irritation to the airway wall. Then, a dense mesh bare stent segment with a smaller pore size than the lumbar stent segment is installed at both ends of the lumbar stent segment. Therefore, this airway stent, while maintaining the anchoring force between the dense mesh bare stent segment and the airway wall, increases the contact area between them, reducing the pressure per unit area on the airway wall and thus minimizing irritation. Furthermore, the dense mesh bare stent segment design at both ends of the lumbar stent segment prevents secretion retention. Therefore, by using this airway stent, irritation to the airway wall can be reduced without causing airway secretion retention on the stent surface, thereby reducing granulation tissue proliferation and preventing airway restenosis.
[0134] Example 7
[0135] Embodiment 7 of this application provides an airway stent, such as Figures 26 to 28 As shown, the support includes a support body 10 and a covering film 20 disposed on the support body 10. The support body 10 includes a waist support section 30 and a densely woven bare support section 40 disposed at the end of the waist support section 30. The covering film 20 is disposed on the waist support section 30. In this embodiment, the wire diameter of the mesh of the densely woven bare support section 40 is smaller than the wire diameter of the mesh of the waist support section 30, and the densely woven bare support section 40 is a single-layer densely woven mesh structure.
[0136] Mesh openings 11 are formed between the mesh fibers of the stent body 10. The dense mesh bare stent section 40 is a stent section without an outer membrane structure. At least one end of the waist stent section 30 is provided with a dense mesh bare stent section 40. Because the dense mesh bare stent section 40 has no outer membrane structure, it does not affect the function of the cilia on the airway inner wall 70, ensuring that airway secretions do not accumulate on the airway body. Furthermore, the waist stent section 30 of this application is provided with a membrane 20, thereby reducing the irritation of the airway inner wall 70 by the stent body 10.
[0137] Specifically, the support body 10 includes multiple first braided wires 403 and multiple second braided wires 301. The mesh wires of the dense mesh bare support section 40 are the first braided wires 403, and the dense mesh bare support section 40 is woven by the first braided wires 403. The mesh wires of the waist support section 30 are the second braided wires 301, and the waist support section 30 is woven by the second braided wires 301. The wire diameter of the first braided wire 403 is smaller than that of the second braided wire 301. Both the first braided wire 403 and the second braided wire 301 are shape memory alloy wires, preferably nickel-titanium wires.
[0138] Because the lumbar support segment 30 has a membrane 20, the second braided filament 301 of the lumbar support segment 30 contacts the airway inner wall 70 through the membrane 20, while the first braided filament 403 of the dense mesh bare support segment 40 directly contacts the airway inner wall 70, which can easily irritate the airway inner wall 70. Therefore, by reducing the diameter of the first braided filament 403 of the dense mesh bare support segment 40, the pressure of a single first braided filament 403 on the airway inner wall 70 is reduced, and the dense mesh bare support segment 40 becomes more flexible, thereby reducing the irritation to the airway inner wall 70 caused by the dense mesh bare support segment 40 directly contacting the airway inner wall 70 and preventing the growth of granulation tissue 90.
[0139] like Figure 28As shown, the number of first braided wires 403 in the dense mesh bare support section 40 is set to be equal to the number of second braided wires 301 in the waist support section 30. By setting the wire diameter of the first braided wire 403 to be smaller than the wire diameter of the mesh wire of the second braided wire 301, the pressure of a single first braided wire 403 on the inner wall 70 of the airway is reduced, thereby reducing the pressure of the entire dense mesh bare support section 40 on the inner wall 70 of the airway. It can also effectively reduce the stimulation of the airway support on the inner wall 70 of the airway and prevent the proliferation of granulation tissue 90.
[0140] Furthermore, combined Figure 29 and Figure 30 As shown, the number of the first braided wires 403 in the dense mesh bare support section 40 is set to be greater than the number of the second braided wires 301 in the waist support section 30.
[0141] Because the diameter of the first braided filament 403 is smaller than that of the second braided filament 301, the radial support force of a single first braided filament 403 is less than that of the second braided filament 301. To further enhance the anchoring force between the dense mesh bare support section 40 and the airway inner wall 70, the number of first braided filaments 403 is set to be greater than the number of second braided filaments 301. That is, by reducing the diameter of a single mesh filament and increasing the number of mesh filaments, the pressure of the dense mesh bare support section 40 on the airway inner wall 70 is made more uniform. While ensuring the overall anchoring force of the dense mesh bare support section 40, the pressure of a single mesh filament on the airway inner wall 70 is reduced, decreasing the pressure per unit area on the airway inner wall 70, thus reducing the stimulation to the airway inner wall 70.
[0142] In this embodiment, the dense mesh bare support section 40 and the waist support section 30 are formed separately, and the dense mesh bare support section 40 and the waist support section 30 are fixed by the connecting part 25.
[0143] like Figure 29 As shown, when the dense mesh bare support section 40 and the waist support section 30 are separately formed, and the dense mesh bare support section 40 and the waist support section 30 are fixed by the connecting part 25, the connecting part 25 is a connecting membrane. The dense mesh bare support section 40 and the waist support section 30 are respectively connected and fixed to the connecting membrane, so that the dense mesh bare support section 40 and the waist support section 30 are indirectly fixedly connected by the connecting membrane.
[0144] In other implementations, such as Figure 30 As shown, the connecting part 25 can also be a welding point, and the first braided wire 403 of the dense mesh bare support section 40 can also be fixedly connected to the second braided wire 301 of the waist support section 30 by welding.
[0145] In other embodiments, the connecting part 25 may also be a steel sleeve (not shown), and the connecting ends of the first braided wire 403 of the dense mesh bare support section 40 and the second braided wire 301 of the waist support section 30 are fixed by the steel sleeve.
[0146] It should be noted that the connection method described above for the segmented, formed dense mesh bare support section 40 and waist support section 30 in this application is merely an example. Any connection method that can connect the dense mesh bare support section 40 and waist support section 30 can be applied in this application.
[0147] The separate-formed dense mesh bare support section 40 and waist support section 30 are connected by the connecting part 25 after being manufactured separately. The forming method is simple and the structural design is flexible. During the design and production process, different wire diameters, wire numbers and weaving methods can be selected according to actual needs. The degree of diversity is high and it can meet the needs of patients with various conditions.
[0148] Among them, such as Figure 26 and Figure 31 As shown, the membrane 20 includes an outer membrane 22 disposed on the outer surface of the waist support section 30, and the membrane 20 may also include an inner membrane 21 disposed on the inner surface of the waist support section 30. The inner membrane 21 and the outer membrane 22 are joined and fixed through the mesh 11 of the waist support section 30.
[0149] Specifically, in order to further prevent the malignant tumor 80 in the airway from growing into the stent body 10, causing restenosis of the airway wall 70 or making the stent body 10 difficult to remove, this embodiment covers the outer surface of the lumbar stent segment 30 with a biocompatible polymer coating 20 to further prevent the malignant tumor 80 from growing into the stent body 10.
[0150] The material of the coating 20 can be PET, PTFE, ePTFE, silicone, polyurethane, etc. The thickness of the coating 20 is adjusted according to the size of the braided filaments of the support body 10 and the inner and outer diameters of the support body 10. This application does not impose any restrictions.
[0151] To enhance the bonding strength between the covering 20 and the stent body 10 and further prevent the tumor 80 from growing inward, the covering 20 of this application also includes an inner membrane 21 disposed on the inner surface of the lumbar stent segment 30. Since the stent body 10 has mesh 11, the inner membrane 21 and the outer membrane 22 can be bonded and fixed through the mesh 11 of the lumbar stent segment 30. The inner membrane 21 and the outer membrane 22 can be fixed by heat fusion or by adhesive bonding, and the materials of the inner membrane 21 and the outer membrane 22 can be the same or different.
[0152] In summary, according to the airway stent of this application, firstly, a membrane 20 is provided on the lumbar stent segment 30. The membrane 20 can reduce the irritation of the lumbar stent segment 30 to the inner wall 70 of the airway, and at the same time, the membrane 20 can also prevent the tumor 80 from growing into the airway stent.
[0153] Secondly, a dense mesh bare support section 40 is provided at the end of the waist support section 30, and the wire diameter of the mesh in the dense mesh bare support section 40 is smaller than that in the waist support section 30, reducing the pressure of a single mesh wire on the airway inner wall 70. Furthermore, the present invention sets the number of mesh wires in the dense mesh bare support section 40 to be greater than the number of mesh wires in the waist support section 30, thereby ensuring the anchoring force between the dense mesh bare support section 40 and the airway inner wall 70, reducing the pressure per unit area on the airway inner wall 70, and thus reducing the stimulation to the airway inner wall 70.
[0154] Furthermore, because the lumbar stent segment 30 employs a dense mesh bare stent segment 40 design at both ends, there will be no retention of secretions at either end of the airway stent. Therefore, by using the airway stent of the present invention, airway secretions can be prevented from accumulating on the surface of the airway stent, preventing the tumor 80 from growing into the interior of the airway stent, reducing the stimulation of the airway stent on the inner wall 70 of the airway, thereby reducing the proliferation of granulation tissue 90 and preventing airway restenosis.
[0155] Example 8
[0156] Embodiment 7 of this application provides an airway stent, such as Figures 32 to 34 As shown, the similarities between Embodiment 8 and Embodiment 7 will not be repeated. The difference between Embodiment 8 and Embodiment 7 is that the dense mesh bare support section 40 and the waist support section 30 are integrally woven. Specifically, the dense mesh bare support section 40 is woven by first braiding wires 403, and the waist support section 30 is woven by second braiding wires 301. Multiple first braiding wires 403 are intertwined to form the second braiding wires 301.
[0157] The process of weaving and forming the support body 10 includes the following steps:
[0158] First, at least two first braided filaments 403 are intertwined to form a second braided filament 301. The multiple prepared second braided filaments 301 are then used to weave the waist support segment 30 located at the waist of the support body 10.
[0159] Then, after the waist support section 30 is woven into shape, the unwoven mesh wires at both ends of the waist support section 30 are unraveled and re-formed into first braided wires 403. The dense mesh bare support sections 40 located at both ends of the support body 10 are woven by multiple unraveled first braided wires 403.
[0160] Finally, the woven support body 10 is heat-set.
[0161] It should be noted that the second braided filament 301 can be formed by intertwining two first braided filaments 403, such as... Figure 35As shown, it can also be formed by intertwining three first braiding filaments 403. The number of first braiding filaments 403 used to prepare the second braiding filament can be selected according to actual needs.
[0162] In addition, the stent body 10 may include a dense mesh bare stent section 40 disposed at one end of the lumbar stent section 30, or the stent body 10 may include two dense mesh bare stent sections 40 disposed at both ends of the lumbar stent section 30, depending on the patient's actual condition.
[0163] As shown above, the support body 10 obtained by integral weaving and heat setting has better flexibility, smoother edges, a more robust structure, and higher safety.
[0164] In other implementations, such as Figure 36 and Figure 37 As shown, the first braiding filament 403 includes a main braiding filament 404 and at least one secondary braiding filament 405. The secondary braiding filament 405 is wound around the main braiding filament 404 to form a second braiding filament 301. The second braiding filament 301 is woven to form the waist support segment 30. Specifically, the diameter of the main braiding filament 404 is larger than the diameter of the secondary braiding filament 405. When the main braiding filament 404 and the secondary braiding filament 405 are wound together, the secondary braiding filament 405 is wound around the main braiding filament 404 in a spiral shape to form the second braiding filament 301.
[0165] According to this implementation scheme, on the one hand, the overall stability of the woven structure of the waist support section 30 is ensured by setting the main braiding filament 404, and the overall radial support force of the second braiding filament 301 is increased by adding the secondary braiding filament 405. On the other hand, the dense mesh bare support section 40 formed by the mixed weaving of the main braiding filament 404 and the secondary braiding filament 405 has a smaller filament diameter than the main braiding filament 404. Therefore, the pressure of a single secondary braiding filament 405 on the airway inner wall 70 is smaller, reducing the pressure per unit area on the airway inner wall 70, and further reducing the irritation caused by the dense mesh bare support section 40 to the airway inner wall 70.
[0166] like Figure 36 As shown, the end of the dense mesh bare support section 40 includes a mesh wire concentration point 45 formed by the convergence of multiple first braided wires 403. When the auxiliary braided wire 405 is wound around the main braided wire 404 to form a second braided wire 301, the head end of the auxiliary braided wire 405 can also be directly connected to the end of the dense mesh bare support section 40, thereby reducing the number of mesh wire concentration points 45 in the dense mesh bare support section 40, enhancing the strength of a single mesh wire concentration point 45, making the anchoring force of the end of the dense mesh bare support section 40 stronger, and effectively preventing the support body 10 from shifting.
[0167] Example 9
[0168] Embodiment 9 of this application provides an airway stent, such as Figures 38 to 40 As shown, the similarities between Embodiment 9 and Embodiment 8 will not be repeated. The difference between Embodiment 9 and Embodiment 8 is that the support body 10 further includes at least one third braiding wire 302. The waist support section 30 is formed by a mixture of second braiding wires 301 and third braiding wires 302, and the dense mesh bare support section 40 is formed by a mixture of first braiding wires 403 and third braiding wires 302. The second braiding wire 301 can be formed by weaving several first braiding wires 403 of the same diameter, or by weaving main braiding wires 404 and secondary braiding wires 405 of different diameters.
[0169] Specifically, during the fabrication of the stent body 10, the radial support force of the stent body 10 as a whole can be adjusted by setting the diameter and number of the third braided filament 302, and the pressure of the dense mesh bare stent section 40 on the inner wall 70 of the airway can also be adjusted.
[0170] Specifically, with the total number of second braided wires 301 and third braided wires 302 remaining constant, a larger diameter of the third braided wire 302 results in a greater radial support force for the entire support body 10. For example, when the diameter of the third braided wire 302 is greater than that of the second braided wire 301, the overall radial support force of the support body 10 can be increased; when the diameter of the third braided wire 302 is greater than that of the first braided wire 403 but less than or equal to that of the second braided wire 301, the radial support force of the waist support section 30 can be maintained while reducing the radial support force of the dense mesh bare support section 40; when the diameter of the third braided wire 302 is less than or equal to that of the first braided wire 403, the overall radial support force of the support body 10 can be reduced.
[0171] Among them, when the total number of the second braided wires 301 and the third braided wires 302 remains unchanged, the more the third braided wires 302 there are and the fewer the second braided wires 301 there are, the fewer the first braided wires 403 there are, and the fewer the mesh wires in the dense mesh bare support section 40. Therefore, the pressure of the dense mesh bare support section 40 on the inner wall 70 of the airway is greater; and vice versa.
[0172] The airway stent according to the embodiment can not only prevent the retention of secretions at both ends of the airway stent, prevent the tumor 80 from growing into the airway stent, and prevent the growth of granulation tissue 90, but also flexibly adjust the radial support force of the stent body 10 as a whole, and the pressure of the dense mesh bare stent section 40 on the inner wall 70 of the airway, by flexibly adjusting the diameter and number of the first braided wire 403, the second braided wire 301, and the third braided wire 302, thereby adapting to the needs of different patients.
[0173] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. An airway stent, comprising a stent body and a covering disposed on the stent body, characterized in that, The stent body includes a waist stent section and a dense mesh bare stent section disposed at the end of the waist stent section. The covering film is disposed on the waist stent section, and the covering film includes an outer film disposed on the outer surface of the waist stent section and an inner film disposed on the inner surface of the waist stent section. The stent body also has an extension film covering the inner surface of the dense mesh bare stent section. The inner film and the extension film cover the entire inner surface of the stent body. The dense mesh bare stent section includes an inner support mesh and an outer support mesh. The end of the inner support mesh is folded outward and then folded back to form the outer support mesh. The inner support mesh and the outer support mesh are connected by a folded end, which protrudes relative to the outer support mesh in a direction away from the stent body. The outer film partially covers the dense mesh bare stent section.
2. The airway stent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner membrane and the outer membrane are joined and fixed together through the mesh of the waist support section.
3. The airway stent according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the waist support section are provided with the dense mesh bare support section. The mesh density of the dense mesh bare support section is greater than that of the waist support section. The dense mesh bare support section is a multi-layer woven mesh structure, and the folded end is an arc-shaped structure.
4. The airway stent according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the inner support mesh is connected to the waist support section, and the other end of the inner support mesh is connected to the outer support mesh; or one end of the outer support mesh is connected to the waist support section, and the other end of the outer support mesh is connected to the inner support mesh.
5. The airway stent according to claim 4, characterized in that, An interlayer membrane is provided between the inner support mesh and the outer support mesh.
6. The airway stent according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner support mesh is integrally formed with the waist support section.
7. The airway stent according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer support mesh is provided with at least one protruding support part, and the protruding support part may have the same or different shape as the folded end.
8. The airway stent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lumbar support segment is provided with sutures to increase the connection strength between the covering film and the lumbar support segment.
9. The airway stent according to claim 1, characterized in that, A recovery line is provided on the bare support section with dense mesh at one end of the support body, and the recovery line passes through the edge of the bare support section with dense mesh.