A method for on-site placement of ultra-large pressure vessels

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of transportation technology for ultra-large pressure vessels, specifically relating to a method for on-site placement of ultra-large pressure vessels. The invention completes the on-site placement of ultra-large pressure vessels through eight steps: collecting information on the current status of the ultra-large pressure vessel, formulating a saddle distribution plan, formulating a SPMT (Special Purpose Tracked Truck) assembly plan, stability verification, selecting a crawler crane, assembling the SPMT assembly and preparing for lifting, adjusting the saddle, and finally, transporting and placing the ultra-large pressure vessel. Using the technical solution of this invention, not only can ultra-large pressure vessels be safely and efficiently transported directly above the vessel foundation, but it also ensures that the main lifting lugs of the equipment vessel are located directly below the gantry crane, facilitating smooth lifting and saving costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of transportation technology for ultra-large pressure vessels, and specifically relates to a method for on-site placement of ultra-large pressure vessels. Background Technology

[0002] After the ultra-large pressure vessel is manufactured as a whole and transported to the construction site next to the equipment foundation using an SPMT (Special Purpose Transporter) unit, it is usually required to further transport it to directly above the foundation to ensure that the lifting lugs are directly below the gantry crane in order to meet the process requirements for lifting large equipment by a gantry crane. At this point, the equipment foundation has already been constructed, and the anchor bolts are already above the road surface, making it impossible to transport the equipment to the lifting position using an SPMT unit alone.

[0003] Currently, the transportation and placement of ultra-large pressure vessels typically employs SPMT (Special Purpose Transporter) vehicles or crawler cranes.

[0004] When using SPMT (Self-Propelled Modular Transporter, also known as a self-propelled hydraulic flatbed truck) for transportation, if the main lifting lug of the equipment container is close to the top of the equipment and far from the end of the transport vehicle, the equipment can be transported to a lifting position where the main lifting lug is directly above the foundation. However, if the main lifting lug is far from the top of the equipment and close to the end of the transport vehicle, it is impossible to transport the equipment to this position. Ultra-large pressure vessels refer to pressure vessels whose diameter is too large to be transported by road or rail; these are generally pressure vessels with a diameter greater than 5 meters and a weight exceeding 1000 tons.

[0005] The equipment is transported to the vicinity of the foundation and then lifted to the designated lifting position using a crawler crane (the main lifting lug of the container is located directly above the foundation). This method requires two crawler cranes working together, and the work site must have ample operating space. For ultra-large pressure vessels exceeding 1000 tons, a large crawler crane is required, but suitable crawler cranes are difficult to find at the work site, and even if they are available, the cost is too high. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a method for on-site placement of ultra-large pressure vessels, the purpose of which is to safely and efficiently transport ultra-large pressure vessels to the top of the vessel foundation, ensuring that the lifting lugs of the equipment are located directly below the gantry crane so that the equipment can be lifted smoothly.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A method for on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel includes the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Collect information on the current status of the ultra-large pressure vessel in place;

[0010] Step 2: Develop a saddle distribution plan

[0011] A plan for the distribution of saddle supports to support the ultra-large pressure vessel during its transportation from its arrival at the port of call to its final placement is proposed.

[0012] Step 3: Develop a deployment plan for SPMT train sets.

[0013] Draft a deployment plan for SPMT (Special Transport Vehicle) units during the transportation of ultra-large pressure vessels from their arrival to their placement.

[0014] Step 4: Stability Verification

[0015] Verify the solutions in steps two and three. If the stability passes the verification, proceed to step five; otherwise, return to step two.

[0016] Step 5: Select a crawler crane;

[0017] Step Six: Preparation for SPMT train assembly and hoisting;

[0018] Step 7: Adjust the saddle;

[0019] Step 8: Transporting the ultra-large pressure vessel to its location

[0020] After the ultra-large pressure vessel is transported to its position, the center of the main lifting lug on the ultra-large pressure vessel is located at the center of the vessel foundation, and the ultra-large pressure vessel sits on the support piers via a saddle.

[0021] The information collected in step one regarding the arrival of the ultra-large pressure vessel includes the number and location of the saddles used to support the ultra-large pressure vessel when it arrives, as well as the distance from the center of the main lifting lug on the ultra-large pressure vessel to the center of the vessel foundation, i.e., the distance the ultra-large pressure vessel needs to be transported forward to be in place.

[0022] The specific method for formulating the saddle distribution scheme in step two is as follows: Based on the saddle distribution status, transportation distance and saddle position when the container is in place obtained in step one, remove the saddles before the center of the container's main lifting lug and the saddles after the container's main lifting lug that collide with the container foundation during transportation.

[0023] The specific method for determining the deployment of SPMT train sets in step three is as follows:

[0024] Step 1: Determine the required number of SPMT modules

[0025] SPMT (Special Pressure Vehicle) trainsets are composed of multiple SPMT modules. The number of SPMT modules required to form an SPMT trainset is determined by the total weight of the ultra-large pressure vessel, the maximum load-bearing capacity of a single SPMT module, and the load rate. The lower limit of the required number of SPMT modules is:

[0026] [Total weight of ultra-large pressure vessel ÷ (Maximum load capacity of a single SPMT module × Load rate)] + 1

[0027] Step 2: Determine the length of the SPMT trainset

[0028] Based on the saddle distribution scheme proposed in step two, the distance between the first saddle and the last saddle is obtained, which is the lower limit of the length of the SPMT train set, plus a margin of 0-10m.

[0029] Step 3: Determine the number of trains for the SPMT trainset

[0030] The number of SPMT trainsets is determined by the number of SPMT modules, the length of a single SPMT module, and the length of the SPMT trainset.

[0031] Number of SPMT trainsets = [÷ lower limit of SPMT trainset length] + 1.

[0032] In step four, the stability check is performed using the process equipment strength calculation software SW6-2011. By inputting the diameter, plate thickness, length, and material of the ultra-large pressure vessel, as well as the material, plate thickness, and distance between the saddle and the vessel head into the process equipment strength calculation software SW6-2011, the axial stress on the ultra-large pressure vessel at the point of maximum bending moment between the two saddles, the axial stress and shear stress on the ultra-large pressure vessel at each saddle, the circumferential stress at the lowest point of the cross-section of the ultra-large pressure vessel, and the corner of the saddle can be checked, and the additional force and torque required at the front of the ultra-large pressure vessel and the stability conclusion can be obtained.

[0033] In step five, the crawler crane is selected based on the additional force and torque required to be provided at the front of the ultra-large pressure vessel obtained in step four (stability check). The required load-bearing capacity of the crawler crane is determined based on the space at the operating site. The required operating radius of the crawler crane is determined based on the distance of the ultra-large pressure vessel from the ground, the length of the crawler crane's lifting slings, and the safety distance. Thus, the range of the crawler crane's boom length is determined.

[0034] The specific methods for SPMT assembly and hoisting preparation in step six are as follows: Assemble the SPMT train sets according to the SPMT train set deployment plan formulated in step three; hoisting preparation involves treating the crawler crane foundation to ensure that the crawler crane foundation has the bearing capacity to support the crawler crane selected in step five.

[0035] The specific method for adjusting the saddle in step seven is as follows: The SPMT vehicle and the crawler crane are positioned according to the scheme determined in steps three and five. At this time, the SPMT vehicle is located below the saddle required for the ultra-large pressure vessel to move forward. The SPMT vehicle slowly lifts the saddle, while the crawler crane lifts the ultra-large pressure vessel. When the ultra-large pressure vessel has risen 0.1m-0.3m, the lifting stops. The saddle that needs to be removed is removed after it has completely detached from the ultra-large pressure vessel.

[0036] In step eight, during the transportation and placement of the ultra-large pressure vessel, the crawler crane and SPMT vehicle move forward synchronously. When the center of the main lifting lug of the vessel reaches the center of the foundation, the movement stops, the support is placed under the saddle, and the SPMT vehicle and crawler crane slowly lower the ultra-large pressure vessel synchronously until the saddle is completely seated on the support, thus completing the on-site placement of the ultra-large pressure vessel.

[0037] The speed at which the SPMT train and the crawler crane move synchronously is controlled within 0.3 km / h.

[0038] Beneficial effects:

[0039] (1) This invention safely and efficiently completed the on-site placement of the ultra-large pressure vessel by collecting information on the current status of the ultra-large pressure vessel, formulating separate saddle plans, formulating SPMT vehicle deployment plans, stability verification, selecting crawler cranes, preparing for the assembly and hoisting of the SPMT vehicle, adjusting the saddle, and transporting the ultra-large pressure vessel to its position through eight steps.

[0040] (2) The adoption of the technical solution of the present invention can not only transport the ultra-large pressure vessel to the top of the container foundation, but also ensure that the main lifting lug of the equipment container is located directly above the foundation and directly below the gantry crane, so that the equipment can be lifted smoothly and save costs.

[0041] (3) The present invention uses a crawler crane in conjunction with an SPMT vehicle as the power equipment for moving ultra-large pressure vessels. Through the precise coordination of the two, the ultra-large pressure vessels can be accurately positioned on site.

[0042] (4) This invention is particularly suitable for the placement of ultra-large pressure vessels, can achieve goals that cannot be achieved by ordinary methods, and has a low cost for the entire process.

[0043] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ultra-large pressure vessel in its final position.

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the saddle distribution and SMPT fabrication vehicle top view during the transportation of the pressure vessel of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the initial transport location of the ultra-large pressure vessel;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the termination point of transport for an ultra-large pressure vessel.

[0050] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ultra-large pressure vessel in its in-situ configuration.

[0051] In the diagram: 1-Extra-large pressure vessel; 2-Main lifting lug of the vessel; 3-Saddle; 4-Vessel foundation; 5-SPMT vehicle group; 6-Crawler crane; 7-Support.

[0052] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the following detailed description is provided through preferred embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] Example 1:

[0055] Reference Figures 1-6 The method for on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel, as shown, includes the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Collect information on the current status of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1;

[0057] Step 2: Develop a saddle distribution plan

[0058] A distribution scheme for the saddles 3 used to support the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 during the transportation process from its arrival to its placement is proposed.

[0059] Step 3: Draft the deployment plan for SPMT trainset 5

[0060] Draft a vehicle deployment plan for SPMT vehicle group 5 during the transportation of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 from its arrival to its placement.

[0061] Step 4: Stability Verification

[0062] Verify the solutions in steps two and three. If the stability passes the verification, proceed to step five; otherwise, return to step two.

[0063] Step 5: Select crawler crane 6;

[0064] Step Six: Preparation for the assembly and hoisting of SPMT trainset 5;

[0065] Step 7: Adjust saddle 3;

[0066] Step 8: Deploy the ultra-large pressure vessel 1

[0067] After the ultra-large pressure vessel is transported to its position 1, the center of the main lifting lug 2 on the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 is located at the center of the vessel foundation 4, and the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 sits on the support pier 7 via the saddle 3.

[0068] In practical applications, moving the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 is a complex system engineering project, and thorough preparations must be made before each action is performed.

[0069] The extra-large pressure vessel 1 is stably mounted on the SPMT train 5 via multiple saddles 3 and transported to the site by the SPMT train 5. Upon reaching the vessel foundation 4, the SPMT train 5 is unable to proceed further due to the obstruction of the vessel foundation 4, preventing the extra-large pressure vessel 1 from being positioned. To ensure the smooth, safe, and accurate positioning of the extra-large pressure vessel 1, adjustments need to be made to the setup of the SPMT train and the saddles 3 supporting the extra-large pressure vessel 1.

[0070] After the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 is in place, the center of the main lifting lug 2 on the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 must be located at the center of the vessel foundation 4. In order to stably and safely deliver the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 to the vessel foundation 4, preparatory work from the initial placement to the final placement is required, namely, collecting information on the current status of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 in place, formulating a saddle distribution plan, formulating a deployment plan for the SPMT vehicle group 5, stability verification, selecting crawler crane 6, and preparing for the assembly and lifting of the SPMT vehicle group 5, so as to ensure the smooth and safe placement of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1.

[0071] This invention safely and efficiently completes the placement of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 upon its arrival at the site through eight steps. The adoption of this technical solution not only enables the safe and efficient transport of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 to a position directly above the vessel foundation 4, but also ensures that the main lifting lug 2 of the equipment vessel is located directly below the gantry crane, facilitating the smooth hoisting of subsequent equipment.

[0072] This invention is particularly suitable for the placement of ultra-large pressure vessels, enabling the achievement of objectives that cannot be accomplished by ordinary methods, and the entire process is carried out at a low cost.

[0073] Example 2:

[0074] Reference Figure 1 The method for on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel, as shown in Embodiment 1, involves collecting information on the placement of the ultra-large pressure vessel in step one. This information includes the number and location of the saddles used to support the ultra-large pressure vessel when it is in place, as well as the distance from the center of the main lifting lug 2 on the ultra-large pressure vessel to the center of the vessel foundation 4, i.e., the distance the ultra-large pressure vessel needs to be transported forward for placement.

[0075] In practical use, once the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 is in place, the SPMT train 5 cannot move forward because the vessel foundation 4 is higher than the road surface. At this point, the distance from the center of the main lifting lug 2 to the center of the vessel foundation 4 is measured to determine the distance the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 needs to be transported forward. This ensures that the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 is transported directly above the vessel foundation 4, and that the main lifting lug 2 is positioned directly below the gantry crane for successful hoisting. However, during the forward movement of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1, some of the saddles used to stably support it may obstruct the SPMT train 5's movement. Therefore, these obstructing saddles must be removed while ensuring the stability and safety of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1.

[0076] Collect arrival information including the number and location of the saddles used to support the ultra-large pressure vessel when it arrives, as well as the distance from the center of the main lifting lug 2 on the ultra-large pressure vessel to the center of the vessel foundation 4. This information will facilitate the subsequent formulation of the saddle distribution scheme and the SPMT vehicle group 5 deployment scheme, as well as the verification of stability checks.

[0077] Example 3:

[0078] Reference Figure 3The method for on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel, as shown in Embodiment 1, includes the following specific method for determining the saddle distribution scheme in step two: Based on the saddle distribution state, transportation distance, and saddle position obtained in step one when the vessel is in place, remove the saddles before the center of the main lifting lug 2 of the vessel and the saddles after the main lifting lug 2 of the vessel that collide with the vessel foundation 4 during transportation.

[0079] In actual use, based on the arrival and positioning status of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1, a distribution scheme for the saddle 3 was proposed. The saddle 3 that affected the forward movement of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 was removed, ensuring the smooth progress of subsequent plans for the ultra-large pressure vessel.

[0080] Example 4:

[0081] Refer to Figure 3 The on-site placement method for an ultra-large pressure vessel, as shown in Embodiment 1, includes the following specific method for determining the deployment of the SPMT vehicle group 5 in step three:

[0082] SPMT trainset 5 is composed of multiple SPMT modules. The number of SPMT modules required to compose SPMT trainset 5 is determined by the total weight of the ultra-large pressure vessel, the maximum load-bearing capacity of a single SPMT module, and the load rate. The lower limit of the required number of SPMT modules is:

[0083] [Total weight of ultra-large pressure vessel ÷ (Maximum load capacity of a single SPMT module × Load rate)] + 1

[0084] Step 2: Length of the SPMT trainset

[0085] Based on the saddle distribution scheme proposed in step two, the distance between the first saddle and the last saddle is obtained, which is the lower limit of the length of SPMT train set 5, plus a margin of 0-10m.

[0086] Step 3: Determine the number of trains for the SPMT trainset

[0087] The number of trains in SPMT trainset 5 is determined by the number of SPMT modules, the length of a single SPMT module, and the length of the SPMT trainset.

[0088] Number of SPMT trainsets = [(Number of PMT modules × Length of a single SPMT module) ÷ Lower limit of SPMT trainset length] + 1.

[0089] In actual use, SPMT trainset 5 is composed of multiple SPMT modules. In order to safely position the ultra-large pressure vessel, the load-bearing capacity of the SPMT trainset composed of multiple SPMT modules must be greater than or equal to the total weight of the ultra-large pressure vessel.

[0090] In practical applications, the SPMT trainset must have the first and last saddles from the saddle distribution scheme proposed in step two placed on the SPMT trainset. Therefore, the distance between the first and last saddles is the lower limit of the SPMT trainset length.

[0091] The total length of the SPMT modules is determined by the number of SPMT modules and the length of a single SPMT module, and the number of SPMT train sets is determined based on the length of the SPMT train sets.

[0092] Once the number of SPMT modules, the length of the SPMT trainset, and the number of rows of the SPMT trainset are determined, the ultra-large pressure vessel is placed on SPMT trainset 5. The center of gravity of the ultra-large pressure vessel must be aligned with the center of gravity of the SPMT trainset 5 to ensure safe and smooth transportation.

[0093] There are two types of SPMT modules currently available: four-axis and six-axis. The length and single-axis load capacity of both types of SPMT modules are fixed values, and to ensure safety, their load rate generally does not exceed 90%. Based on the actual site conditions, the type of SPMT module to be used and its load rate determined can be easily determined for vehicle assembly.

[0094] Example 5:

[0095] Reference Figures 1-5 The method for on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel, as shown in Embodiment 1, utilizes the process equipment strength calculation software SW6-2011 for stability verification in step four. By inputting the diameter, plate thickness, length, and material of the ultra-large pressure vessel, as well as the material, plate thickness, and distance between the saddle and the vessel head, into the SW6-2011 software, the axial stress at the point of maximum bending moment between the two saddles, the axial and shear stresses at each saddle, the circumferential stress at the lowest point of the ultra-large pressure vessel's cross-section, and the corners of the saddles can be verified. This yields the additional force and torque required at the front of the ultra-large pressure vessel, and the conclusions regarding its stability.

[0096] In practical use, when parameters such as the diameter, plate thickness, length, and material of the ultra-large pressure vessel, as well as the material, plate thickness, and distance between the saddle and the vessel head, are input into the process equipment strength calculation software SW6-2011, the software automatically checks the axial stress on the ultra-large pressure vessel shell at the point of maximum bending moment between the two saddles, checks the axial stress and shear stress on the ultra-large pressure vessel shell at each saddle, and checks the circumferential stress at the lowest point of the cross-section and the corners of the saddle. It then provides a conclusion on whether the vessel is stable and can obtain the additional force and torque required at the front of the vessel to ensure the overall structural stability of the vessel body 1 and the saddle 3, which can be used for the selection of the crawler crane 6.

[0097] The stability check verifies the solutions proposed in steps two and three, ensuring the safety and accuracy of the implementation process.

[0098] The process equipment strength calculation software SW6-2011 used is existing technology.

[0099] Example 6:

[0100] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The method for on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel, as shown in Embodiment 1, involves selecting the crawler crane 6 in step five based on the additional force and torque required to be provided at the front of the ultra-large pressure vessel obtained in step four during stability verification. This determines the required load-bearing capacity of the crawler crane 6. The operating radius of the crawler crane 6 is determined based on the available space at the work site. The lifting height of the crawler crane 6 is determined based on the distance of the ultra-large pressure vessel from the ground, the length of the lifting slings of the crawler crane 6, and the safety distance. This, in turn, determines the range of the crawler crane's boom length.

[0101] In practical applications, once the load-bearing capacity, operating radius, and boom length range of the crawler crane 6 are obtained, a matching crawler crane can be found through the crane performance table.

[0102] In practical use, adopting this technical solution to select crawler crane 6 is not only safe and efficient, but also saves costs and improves the efficiency of on-site placement of ultra-large pressure vessel 1.

[0103] Example 7:

[0104] Reference Figures 1-5 The method for on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel, as shown in Embodiment 1, includes the following specific methods for the assembly and hoisting preparation of SPMT vehicle group 5 in step six: SPMT vehicle group 5 is assembled according to the deployment plan for SPMT vehicle group 5 proposed in step three; hoisting preparation involves treating the crawler crane foundation to ensure that the bearing capacity of the crawler crane foundation can support the crawler crane 6 selected in step five.

[0105] In this embodiment, the method for treating the crawler crane foundation is to use foundation hardening to ensure that the foundation bearing capacity meets the operating conditions of the crawler crane 6.

[0106] The adoption of this technical solution for the assembly and hoisting preparation of SPMT trainset 5 laid a solid foundation for the smooth progress of subsequent procedures.

[0107] Example 8:

[0108] Reference Figures 1-5 The method for on-site positioning of an ultra-large pressure vessel, as shown in Embodiment 1, includes the following specific method for adjusting the saddle 3 in step seven: The SPMT vehicle group 5 and the crawler crane 6 are positioned according to the scheme determined in steps three and five. At this time, the SPMT vehicle group 5 is located below the saddle 3 required for the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 to move forward. The SPMT vehicle group 5 slowly lifts the saddle 3, while the crawler crane 6 lifts the ultra-large pressure vessel 1. The lifting is stopped when the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 has risen 0.1m-0.3m. The saddle 3 to be removed is removed after it has completely detached from the ultra-large pressure vessel 1.

[0109] By adopting this technical solution, the saddle 3 that affects the forward movement of the SPMT train set 5 is removed while ensuring the safety and stability of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1, thus ensuring the smooth placement of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1.

[0110] Example 9:

[0111] Reference Figures 1-5 The method for on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel, as shown in Embodiment 1, involves the following steps: In step eight, during the transportation and placement of the ultra-large pressure vessel, the crawler crane 6 and the SPMT vehicle group 5 move forward synchronously. When the center of the main lifting lug 2 of the vessel reaches the center of the foundation 4, the movement stops, and the support 7 is placed under the saddle 3. The SPMT vehicle group 5 and the crawler crane 6 simultaneously and slowly lower the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 until the saddle 3 is completely seated on the support 7, thus completing the on-site placement of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1.

[0112] Furthermore, the speed at which the tracked crane 6 and the SPMT train 5 move synchronously is controlled within 0.3 km / h.

[0113] In actual use, the SPMT train set 5 and the crawler crane 6 move forward in sync, accomplishing tasks that neither of them could do alone, with low cost and high safety and reliability.

[0114] Support 7 is existing technology and is a commonly used stabilizing support component for ultra-large pressure vessels 1.

[0115] Example 10:

[0116] Reference Figures 1-6A method for on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel is shown.

[0117] 1) Collect container arrival information

[0118] After the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 is transported to its destination, the SPMT train set 5 cannot move forward because the vessel foundation 4 is higher than the road surface. At this time, the distribution of the saddle 3 and the distance from the center of the main lifting lug 2 of the vessel to the center of the vessel foundation are measured to determine the distance that the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 needs to be transported forward.

[0119] 2) Propose a saddle 3 distribution scheme

[0120] Based on the current and positioning status of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1, a distribution scheme for the saddles 3 is proposed, which involves removing the saddles before the center of the main lifting lug of the vessel and the saddles after the main lifting lug of the vessel that collide with the vessel foundation during transportation.

[0121] 3) Draft the deployment plan for SPMT trainset 5.

[0122] Based on the current status of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 and the proposed distribution scheme of the saddle 3, the deployment scheme of the SPMT train set 5 is formulated.

[0123] 4) Stability verification

[0124] The stability of the proposed saddle 3 distribution scheme and the SPMT train set 5 arrangement scheme was verified using the process equipment strength calculation software SW6-2011.

[0125] By inputting the diameter, plate thickness, length, and material of the ultra-large pressure vessel, as well as the material, plate thickness, and distance from the saddle to the vessel head, into the SW6-2011 software, the axial stress on the ultra-large pressure vessel at the point of maximum bending moment between the two saddles, the axial stress and shear stress on the ultra-large pressure vessel at each saddle, and the circumferential stress at the lowest point of the ultra-large pressure vessel's cross-section and at the corners of the saddles can be checked, and stability conclusions can be drawn. The additional force and moment required at the front of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 can also be calculated, providing necessary support data for the subsequent selection of the crawler crane 6.

[0126] 5) Selection of crawler crane 6

[0127] Based on the additional force and torque required to be provided at the front of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1, determine the load-bearing capacity of the crawler crane 6; based on the space at the operating site, determine the operating radius of the crawler crane 6; based on the distance of the ultra-large pressure vessel from the ground, the length of the lifting slings of the crawler crane 6, and the safety distance, determine the lifting height of the crawler crane 6, thereby determining the range of the crane boom length; then, the matching crawler crane can be found through the crane performance table.

[0128] 6) Preparation for the assembly and hoisting of SPMT trainset 5;

[0129] First, the required number of SPMT modules is determined based on the total weight of the ultra-large pressure vessel, the maximum load-bearing capacity of a single SPMT module unit 5, and the load rate. Based on the saddle distribution scheme proposed in step two, the distance between the first and last saddles is calculated, and a margin of 0-10m is added to obtain the lower limit of the length of the SPMT unit 5. The number of rows in the SPMT unit 5 is determined by the number of SPMT modules, the length of a single SPMT module, and the length of the SPMT unit. When the ultra-large pressure vessel is placed on the SPMT unit 5, ensure that the center of gravity of the ultra-large pressure vessel is aligned with the center of gravity of the SPMT unit. The foundation of the crawler crane is treated by hardening the foundation to ensure that the foundation bearing capacity meets the operating conditions of the crawler crane 6.

[0130] 7) Adjust the saddle

[0131] SPMT vehicle group 5 and crawler crane 6 are positioned according to the scheme determined in steps three and five. At this time, SPMT vehicle group 5 is located below the saddle 3 required for the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 to move forward. SPMT vehicle group 5 slowly lifts the saddle 3, while crawler crane 6 lifts the ultra-large pressure vessel 1. When the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 has risen 0.2m, the lifting stops. After the saddle 3 to be removed is completely separated from the ultra-large pressure vessel 1, it can be removed.

[0132] 8) Equipment in place

[0133] The crawler crane 6 and the SPMT vehicle 5 move forward slowly and synchronously to transport the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 into place. When transporting the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 into place, the center of the main lifting lug 2 on the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 is located at the center of the vessel foundation 4, and the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 rests on the support pier 7 via the saddle 3.

[0134] The adoption of this technical solution is not only highly efficient, but also low in cost.

[0135] Example 11:

[0136] The invention was successfully applied to the installation of an ultra-large pressure vessel in a petrochemical company.

[0137] This ultra-large pressure vessel has dimensions of Φ13800 / Φ12500 / Φ9900×116075×145 / 100 / 90 / 75mm, a net weight of 3940t, and a transport weight of 4320t, making it the heaviest pressure vessel in Asia. After being transported to the installation site, it was moved 20m into place using a crawler crane (6 cranes) and a SPMT (Special Purpose Vehicle) crew (5 vehicles). The specific placement process is as follows:

[0138] 1) Collect container arrival information

[0139] After the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 is transported to its destination, the SMPT cannot continue to move forward because the vessel foundation 4 is higher than the road surface. At this time, there are nine saddles 3, two of which are located in front of the main lifting lug 2 of the vessel. The distance from the center of the main lifting lug 2 of the vessel to the center of the foundation is measured to be 20m. The ultra-large pressure vessel 1 still needs to be transported forward 20m.

[0140] 2) Draft a saddle layout plan

[0141] Based on the fact that the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 needs to be transported forward by 20m, a saddle arrangement plan is proposed. The saddles that collide with the vessel foundation during transportation will be removed, that is, the first and second saddles at the front of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 will be removed, and the remaining saddles will not be moved.

[0142] 3) Draft the deployment plan for SPMT trainset 5.

[0143] When the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 arrives, the total weight of the vehicle and cargo is 4935t. The maximum single-axle load of the SPMT module is 48t. The length of the 4-axle SPMT module is 5.6m, and the length of the 6-axle SPMT module is 8.4m. The distance between the first and last saddles is 57m. The total length of the SPMT train set 5 needs to be controlled between 57m and 67m. Therefore, 20 4-axle SPMT modules and 13 6-axle SPMT modules are used in 4 trains. At this time, the maximum load capacity is 7584t, the vehicle load rate is 65.1%, and the static load, dynamic load and stability angle checks have all passed, which can meet the transportation requirements.

[0144] 4) Stability verification

[0145] By inputting the diameter, plate thickness, length, and material of the ultra-large pressure vessel, as well as the material, plate thickness, and distance between the saddle and the vessel head, into the SW6-2011 software, the stability of the proposed adjustment scheme was checked to determine the stability of the saddle and the shell of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1. According to the calculation, when an upward force of 545t is applied to the front of the vessel (6222mm from the top flange section), the stability of the saddle and the shell can meet the requirements.

[0146] 5) Tracked crane 6 options

[0147] Select a suitable 750t crawler crane 6 based on the additional force and torque required at the front of the container.

[0148] Based on the available space, the operating radius of crawler crane 6 is determined to be 12m. Based on the distance of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 from the ground, the length of the crawler crane's lifting slings, and the safety distance, the lifting height of crawler crane 6 is calculated to be 44.5m, and a boom length of 42m is selected. Based on the additional upward force of 545t, the operating radius of 12m, and the boom length of 42m, a 750t crawler crane is determined to meet the lifting requirements.

[0149] 6) Preparation for assembly and hoisting of SPMT trainset 5

[0150] SPMT trainset 5 was assembled, and the foundation of the crawler crane was hardened to achieve a load-bearing capacity >30t / m. 2 To meet the operating conditions of the 750t crawler crane.

[0151] 7) Adjust the saddle

[0152] SPMT trainset 5 slowly lifts the seven saddles 3 required for transport, while crawler crane 6 simultaneously lifts the ultra-large pressure vessel 1. Lifting stops when the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 has risen 0.2m, and crawler crane 6 simultaneously supports the front end of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 to maintain its stability. The first two saddles 3 are removed after completely detaching from the ultra-large pressure vessel 1. (e.g.) Figure 4 )

[0153] 8) Deploy the ultra-large pressure vessel 1.

[0154] The crawler crane 6 and the SPMT vehicle 5 move forward slowly and synchronously, transporting the main lifting lug 2 of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 to the center of the foundation for placement (e.g., Figure 5 After positioning, the crawler crane 6 and SPMT vehicle 5 are removed, and the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 is placed on the support 7. The positioning of the ultra-large pressure vessel 1 is now complete (e.g., Figure 6 ).

[0155] In summary, this invention completes the on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel through eight steps: collecting information on the current status of the ultra-large pressure vessel, formulating a saddle distribution plan, formulating a SPMT (Special Purpose Tracked Truck) deployment plan, stability verification, selecting a crawler crane, assembling the SPMT and preparing for lifting, adjusting the saddle, and transporting the ultra-large pressure vessel to its designated position. Using the technical solution of this invention not only allows for the safe and efficient transport of the ultra-large pressure vessel directly above the vessel foundation, but also ensures that the main lifting lug 2 of the equipment vessel is located directly below the gantry crane, facilitating smooth lifting and saving costs.

[0156] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0157] Where there is no conflict, those skilled in the art can combine the relevant technical features in the above examples according to the actual situation to achieve the corresponding technical effects. Specific details of the various combinations will not be elaborated here.

[0158] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0159] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel, characterized in that, Includes the following steps, Step 1: Collect information on the current status of the ultra-large pressure vessel (1) in place; Step 2: Develop a saddle distribution plan A distribution scheme for the saddles (3) used to support the ultra-large pressure vessel (1) during the transportation process from arrival to placement is proposed. Step 3: Draft the SPMT trainset (5) deployment plan Draft a vehicle deployment plan for the SPMT vehicle group (5) during the transportation of the ultra-large pressure vessel (1) from its arrival to its placement. Step 4: Stability Verification Verify the solutions in steps two and three. If the stability passes the verification, proceed to step five; otherwise, return to step two. Step 5: Select crawler crane (6); Step Six: Preparation for SPMT train assembly and hoisting; Step 7: Adjust the saddle (3); Step 8: Transporting the ultra-large pressure vessel (1) into place After the super-large pressure vessel is transported to its position (1), the center of the main lifting lug (2) on the super-large pressure vessel (1) is located at the center of the vessel foundation (4), and the super-large pressure vessel (1) sits on the support pier (7) through the saddle (3); The information collected in step one regarding the arrival of the ultra-large pressure vessel includes the number and location of the saddles used to support the ultra-large pressure vessel when it arrives, as well as the distance from the center of the main lifting lug (2) on the ultra-large pressure vessel to the center of the vessel foundation (4), which is the distance the ultra-large pressure vessel needs to be transported forward to be in place. The specific method for formulating the saddle distribution scheme in step two is as follows: Based on the saddle distribution status, transportation distance and saddle position when the container is in place obtained in step one, remove the saddles before the center of the container main lifting lug (2) and the saddles after the container main lifting lug (2) that collide with the container foundation (4) during transportation.

2. The method for on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method for determining the deployment of SPMT trainsets (5) in step three is as follows: Step 1: Determine the required number of SPMT modules The SPMT trainset (5) is composed of multiple SPMT modules; the number of SPMT modules required to form the SPMT trainset (5) is determined by the total weight of the ultra-large pressure vessel, the maximum load-bearing capacity of a single SPMT module, and the load rate. The lower limit of the required number of SPMT modules is: [Total weight of ultra-large pressure vessel] [(Maximum load capacity of a single SPMT module × load rate)] + 1 Step 2: Determine the length of the SPMT trainset Based on the saddle distribution scheme proposed in step two, the distance between the first saddle and the last saddle is obtained, which is the lower limit of the length of the SPMT trainset (5), plus a margin of 0-10m. Step 3: Determine the number of SPMT train sets The number of SPMT trainsets is determined by the number of SPMT modules, the length of a single SPMT module, and the length of the SPMT trainset. Number of SPMT trainsets = [(Number of SPMT modules × Length of a single SPMT module)] [Lower limit of SPMT train set length] +1.

3. The method for on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, the stability check is performed using the process equipment strength calculation software SW6-2011. By inputting the diameter, plate thickness, length, and material of the ultra-large pressure vessel, as well as the material, plate thickness, and distance between the saddle and the vessel head into the process equipment strength calculation software SW6-2011, the axial stress on the ultra-large pressure vessel at the point of maximum bending moment between the two saddles, the axial stress and shear stress on the ultra-large pressure vessel at each saddle, the circumferential stress at the lowest point of the cross-section of the ultra-large pressure vessel, and the corner of the saddle can be checked, and the additional force and torque required at the front of the ultra-large pressure vessel and the stability conclusion can be obtained.

4. The method for on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step five, the crawler crane (6) is selected based on the additional force and torque required to be provided at the front of the ultra-large pressure vessel obtained in step four stability verification. The load-bearing capacity of the crawler crane (6) is determined; the operating radius of the crawler crane (6) is determined based on the space of the operating site; the lifting height of the crawler crane (6) is determined based on the distance of the ultra-large pressure vessel from the ground, the length of the lifting sling of the crawler crane (6), and the safety distance. Thus, the range of the crane boom length is determined.

5. The method for on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific methods for the assembly and hoisting preparation of the SPMT trainset (5) in step six are as follows: the SPMT trainset (5) is assembled according to the SPMT trainset (5) deployment plan proposed in step three; the hoisting preparation is to treat the crawler crane foundation so that the crawler crane foundation can bear the crawler crane (6) selected in step five.

6. The method for on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for adjusting the saddle (3) in step seven is as follows: The SPMT vehicle group (5) and the crawler crane (6) are positioned according to the scheme determined in steps three and five. At this time, the SPMT vehicle group (5) is located below the saddle (3) required when the super-large pressure vessel (1) moves forward. The SPMT vehicle group (5) slowly lifts the saddle (3), while the crawler crane (6) lifts the super-large pressure vessel (1). When the super-large pressure vessel (1) rises by 0.1m-0.3m, the lifting stops. The saddle (3) that needs to be removed is removed after it is completely separated from the super-large pressure vessel (1).

7. The method for on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step eight, during the transportation and placement of the ultra-large pressure vessel, the crawler crane (6) and the SPMT vehicle group (5) move forward synchronously. When the center of the main lifting lug (2) of the vessel reaches the center of the foundation (4), the movement stops, and the support (7) is placed under the saddle (3). The SPMT vehicle group (5) and the crawler crane (6) simultaneously and slowly lower the ultra-large pressure vessel (1) until the saddle (3) is completely seated on the support (7), and the on-site placement of the ultra-large pressure vessel (1) is completed.

8. The method for on-site placement of an ultra-large pressure vessel as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The speed at which the SPMT train (5) and the crawler crane (6) move synchronously is controlled within 0.3 km / h.

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