Valve assembly and method for controlling a liftable driven axle of a trailer

Abstract

The invention relates to a valve assembly and a method for controlling a liftable driven axle of a trailer, wherein the driven axle is arranged in front of or behind a main axle, is supported at a frame of the trailer via at least one load bellows and can be lifted or lowered by means of at least one lifting bellows. The valve assembly is configured such that the bellows pressure in the load bellows and the bellows pressure in the lifting bellows can be adjusted independently of one another and the driven axle automatically falls in the direction of the roadway when the power supply is switched off. The valve assembly has a first magnetic valve unit which can be actuated by an electronic controller for continuously adjusting the bellows pressure in the load bellows of the driven axle between the ambient pressure and the bellows pressure applied in the load bellows of the main axle, and a second magnetic valve unit which can be actuated by the electronic controller independently of the first magnetic valve unit for switching the bellows pressure in the lifting bellows between the ambient pressure and a reservoir pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a valve assembly for controlling the electromagnetic induction of a driven axle, which is controllable by an electronic controller. The driven axle, in a multi-axle trailer configuration viewed in the forward direction, is positioned before or after the main axle, supported on the trailer frame via at least one load-bearing bellows, and can be raised or lowered by at least one lifting bellows. The valve assembly is configured such that the bellows pressure in the load-bearing bellows and the bellows pressure in the lifting bellows can be adjusted independently of each other, and the driven axle automatically lowers toward the lane when power is cut off. The invention also relates to a method for controlling such a valve assembly and a trailer having such a valve assembly. Background Technology

[0002] In motor vehicles, the driven axle can be positioned before or after its driving axle. In trailers, this driven axle can be positioned before or after the non-driving main axle when viewed in the forward direction of travel.

[0003] When such a driven axle is arranged under the action of air springs, i.e., supported at the vehicle frame via at least one load-bearing bellows, the axle load acting on the driven axle can be reduced by venting its load-bearing bellows and increased by inflating these load-bearing bellows. Under vehicle loading conditions, the bellows pressure in the load-bearing bellows of the driven axle is typically adjusted to the same level as the bellows pressure in the load-bearing bellows of the drive axle or main axle, thereby ensuring that the load from the cargo and the vehicle's own weight is evenly distributed across all axles.

[0004] Conversely, when the vehicle is unloaded, it is advantageous to reduce the bellows pressure in the driven axle's load-bearing bellows to decrease tire wear, particularly at the wheels of the driven axle, and to allow for traversing smaller corner radii during maneuvering. Even when starting under difficult traction conditions, the bellows pressure in the driven axle of the motor vehicle can decrease to increase the axle load at the drive axle and thus improve its traction. In the case of a semi-trailer or a center-axle trailer, for the same purpose, the bellows pressure in the driven axle's load-bearing bellows can be decreased or increased depending on the arrangement of the driven axle's load-bearing bellows to increase the axle load of the driving axle of the towing vehicle via increased support load at the drawbar or trailer hitch.

[0005] A valve assembly for controlling bellows pressure in the load-bearing bellows of an air-spring-operated drive axle and an air-spring-operated driven axle of a motor vehicle is known from DE 43 17 847B4. The valve assembly comprises: a first valve device having two solenoid valves for adjusting the bellows pressure in the load-bearing bellows of the drive axle; and a second valve device having one solenoid valve for adjusting the bellows pressure in the load-bearing bellows of the driven axle.

[0006] The first solenoid valve of the first valve assembly is configured as a two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve. Its output port is connected to the exhaust line when the valve is de-energized and to the accumulator line when energized. The second solenoid valve of the first valve assembly is configured as a two-position two-way reversing solenoid valve. Its working output terminal, connected to the load-bearing bellows of the drive axle, is cut off from the input port connected to the output port of the first solenoid valve when the valve is de-energized, and connected to the input port when the valve is energized. This first valve assembly allows for stepless adjustment of the bellows pressure in the load-bearing bellows of the drive axle between ambient pressure and the accumulator pressure applied to the accumulator line. When the first solenoid valve is de-energized, opening the second solenoid valve causes a decrease in the bellows pressure in the load-bearing bellows of the drive axle; when the first solenoid valve is energized, it causes an increase in the bellows pressure.

[0007] The solenoid valve of the second valve device in this valve assembly is configured as a partially pressure-controlled three-position, three-way directional solenoid valve. This three-position, three-way directional solenoid valve has: an input port connected to the working output terminal of the second solenoid valve of the first valve device; an exhaust output terminal connected to the exhaust line; a working output terminal connected to the carrying bellows of the driven axle; and a control input terminal connected via a pneumatic control line to the output port of the first solenoid valve of the first valve device. This second valve device allows for stepless adjustment of the bellows pressure in the carrying bellows of the driven axle between the ambient pressure and the bellows pressure applied to the carrying bellows of the driven axle. When the three-position, three-way directional solenoid valve is de-energized, the working output terminal is connected to the working output terminal of the second solenoid valve, thereby applying the bellows pressure of the carrying bellows of the driven axle to the carrying bellows of the driven axle. When the three-position, three-way directional solenoid valve is energized, the working output terminal is connected to the exhaust output terminal when there is no pressure at the control input terminal, thereby reducing the bellows pressure in the carrying bellows of the driven axle. When the three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve is energized, the working output end is cut off relative to the input port and the exhaust output end when the pressure at the control input end is on, thereby blocking the bellows pressure in the carrying bellows of the driven bridge.

[0008] A lift axle, viewed in the forward direction of travel, is positioned in front of or behind the drive axle in a motor vehicle, or in front of or behind the non-drive main axle in a trailer. When the lift axle is arranged with air springs, i.e., supported at the vehicle frame via at least one load-bearing bellows, and capable of being raised and lowered by at least one lifting bellows, the lift axle is raised by inflating the lifting bellows and simultaneously venting the associated load-bearing bellows. Conversely, the lift axle is lowered by inflating the load-bearing bellows and simultaneously venting the lifting bellows. When the vehicle is loaded, the lift axle is typically lowered, thereby distributing the load from the cargo and the vehicle's own weight evenly across all axles.

[0009] Conversely, when the vehicle is unloaded or partially loaded, the lift axle is advantageously raised to reduce tire wear, particularly at the wheels of the lift axle, and to allow for traversing smaller curve radii during shunting. The lift axle of a motor vehicle can also be raised to increase the axle load on the drive axle and thus improve its traction for starting under difficult traction conditions. In the case of a trailer constructed as a semi-trailer or a center-axle trailer, the trailer's lift axle can be raised for the same purpose, thereby increasing the axle load on the drive axle of the towing vehicle via the increased support load at the drawbar or trailer hitch.

[0010] DE 10 2019 124 651A1 describes a valve assembly for controlling bellows pressure in the load-bearing bellows and at least one lifting bellows of an air-spring-operated lift axle of a trailer. The valve assembly includes a main control valve configured as a pressure-controlled two-position five-way directional valve and a pilot valve upstream of the main control valve configured as a two-position three-way directional solenoid valve. In the de-energized state, the control input of the main control valve is connected to the exhaust outlet via the pilot valve and is therefore pressureless. In the energized state, the control input of the main control valve is connected to the accumulator line via the pilot valve and is therefore under switching pressure.

[0011] When there is no pressure at the control input, the load-bearing bellows of the lift axle is connected to the load-bearing bellows of the adjacent main axle via the main control valve, and the lifting bellows is connected to the exhaust outlet, thus allowing the lift axle to descend and be loaded. When the control input is pressure-conducting, i.e., when the main control valve is switched, the load-bearing bellows of the lift axle is connected to the exhaust outlet via the main control valve and is therefore pressureless, while the lifting bellows is connected to the accumulator line, thus the lift axle is raised and is not loaded.

[0012] The liftable, air-spring-operated driven bridge is a combination of a driven bridge and a lifting bridge. In this combination, in the lowered state, during the driven bridge function, the bellows pressure in the supporting bellows can be decreased or increased. During the driven bridge's lifting bridge function, the lifting bridge can be raised by inflating the lifting bellows while simultaneously venting the associated supporting bellows. When the supporting bellows is inflated and the lifting bellows is vented, the driven bridge can be lowered.

[0013] The valve assembly used to control this driven axle should be configured such that the bellows pressure in the associated load bellows and the bellows pressure in the lift bellows can be adjusted independently of each other, and the driven axle automatically descends when the vehicle's electrical grid is disconnected, i.e., when the solenoid valve is not energized. The automatic descent of the driven axle prevents overloading of other axles on the trailer, for example, when the trailer is detached from the towing vehicle or when only the trailer's ISO7638 connector is unplugged from the towing vehicle's associated socket. Summary of the Invention

[0014] In view of the known, relatively expensive valve assemblies used to control driven and lifting bridges, the technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a valve assembly of the type described at the beginning of this document that is as simple to construct as possible and can be implemented inexpensively for controlling a liftable driven bridge. Furthermore, a method should be described that determines how the valve assembly must be driven to enable the driven bridge to operate in either driven bridge or lifting bridge configurations.

[0015] The technical problem relating to the equipment is solved by a valve assembly having the features of claim 1. The independent method claims describe method steps for valve actuating the valve assembly, by means of which the driven bridge can be adjusted to either driven-bridge or lifting-bridge operation. Advantageous improvements are defined in the respective dependent claims.

[0016] Therefore, the present invention first relates to a valve assembly for controlling the electromagnetic components of a driven axle, which can be controlled by an electronic controller. In a multi-axle trailer, the driven axle is arranged before or after the main axle when viewed in the forward direction of travel. The driven axle is supported on the trailer frame via at least one load-bearing bellows, and the driven axle can be raised or lowered by at least one lifting bellows. The valve assembly is configured such that the bellows pressure in the load-bearing bellows and the bellows pressure in the lifting bellows can be adjusted independently of each other, and the driven axle automatically lowers toward the lane when power is cut off. The lane is the area on which a vehicle travels; here, "on" should also be referred to as "traveling" on it.

[0017] To address the technical issues related to the equipment, the valve assembly includes a first solenoid valve unit that can be driven by an electronic controller for steplessly adjusting the bellows pressure in the driven axle's load-bearing bellows between ambient pressure and the bellows pressure applied to the load-bearing bellows of the main axle. The valve assembly also includes a second solenoid valve unit that can be driven by an electronic controller independently of the first solenoid valve unit for switching the bellows pressure in the driven axle's lifting bellows between ambient pressure and reservoir pressure.

[0018] The present invention therefore relates to a valve assembly for controlling a driven axle, which is arranged in a multi-axle trailer before or after the main axle and supported on the trailer frame via at least one load-bearing bellows and can be raised or lowered by means of at least one lifting bellows. The trailer may optionally also have an additional axle, for example, arranged before the main axle. The valve assembly according to the invention is configured such that the bellows pressure in the load-bearing bellows and the bellows pressure in the lifting bellows can be adjusted independently of each other, and the driven axle automatically lowers when power is cut off.

[0019] The bellows pressure in the carrying bellows and the lifting bellows of the driven bridge is individually adjusted by assigning a solenoid valve unit to each of them. These solenoid valve units are electrically driven by an electronic controller independently of each other. The automatic descent of the driven bridge when the power supply is cut off is achieved through a specific implementation of the two solenoid valve units.

[0020] According to the first embodiment of the valve assembly, the first solenoid valve unit is configured as a three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve having a pressure input end, a working output end and an exhaust output end, wherein the pressure input end is connected to the load-bearing bellows of the main axle, the working output end is connected to the load-bearing bellows of the driven axle and the exhaust output end is connected to the exhaust line.

[0021] The driven axle's load-bearing bellows can therefore be selectively inflated via a pneumatic connection to the main axle's load-bearing bellows or vented via a connection to the exhaust line. Furthermore, the bellows pressure in the driven axle's load-bearing bellows can be kept constant by pneumatic cutoff relative to the main axle's load-bearing bellows and relative to the exhaust line.

[0022] In order to cause the driven bridge to descend as specified when the power supply is cut off, the three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve can be configured such that: its working output is connected to the pressure input and cut off relative to the exhaust output in the unenergized state; its working output is cut off relative to both the pressure output and the exhaust output in the weakly energized state; and its working output is connected to the exhaust output and cut off relative to the pressure input in the fully energized state.

[0023] Alternatively, the three-position three-way directional solenoid valve can be configured to have two electromagnets that can be driven by a controller. The electromagnets are arranged such that: when the first electromagnet is energized, the three-position three-way directional solenoid valve is switched to its exhaust position, in which the pressure input is cut off and the working output is connected to the exhaust output; when the second electromagnet is energized, the three-position three-way directional solenoid valve is switched to its off position; and when the electromagnets are not energized, the pressure input and working output of the three-position three-way directional solenoid valve are connected to each other and the exhaust output is closed.

[0024] According to the second embodiment of the valve assembly, the first solenoid valve unit includes an inlet valve configured as a two-position two-way reversing solenoid valve, having a pressure input end and a working output end, and an outlet valve configured as a two-position two-way reversing solenoid valve, having a working input end and an exhaust output end. The pressure input end of the inlet valve is connected to the load-bearing bellows of the main axle. The working output end of the inlet valve and the working input end of the outlet valve are connected to the load-bearing bellows of the driven axle. The exhaust output end of the outlet valve is connected to the exhaust line.

[0025] Even in this embodiment of the first solenoid valve unit, the driven axle's supporting bellows can be selectively inflated via a pneumatic connection to the main axle's supporting bellows, or vented via a pneumatic connection to the exhaust line. Alternatively, the bellows pressure in the driven axle's supporting bellows can be kept constant by pneumatically shutting off the supporting bellows relative to the main axle and relative to the exhaust line.

[0026] To ensure the driven bridge descends as required when power is cut off, the inlet valve can be configured such that its operating output is connected to its pressure input when de-energized and is shut off relative to the pressure input when energized. Similarly, the outlet valve is configured such that its operating input is shut off relative to its exhaust output when de-energized and is connected to the exhaust output when energized.

[0027] Because the structure and operation of the second embodiment of the first solenoid valve unit are similar to those of the control valve of the anti-lock braking system (ABS control valve), the first solenoid valve unit can be constructed to be identical in structure to the ABS control valve of the compressed air-operated wheel brakes in commercial vehicles. This saves on the cost of developing, manufacturing, and stockpiling new solenoid valve units that would otherwise be necessary.

[0028] The second solenoid valve unit can be configured as a two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve with a pressure input end, a working output end, and an exhaust output end. The pressure input end of the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve is connected to the accumulator line, the working output end is connected to the lifting bellows of the driven bridge, and the exhaust output end is connected to the exhaust line.

[0029] The lifting bellows of the driven bridge can therefore be selectively inflated by connection to the reservoir line or vented by connection to the vent line, wherein the driven bridge is raised by inflating the lifting bellows in conjunction with venting the carrying bellows, and lowered by venting the lifting bellows in conjunction with inflating the carrying bellows.

[0030] In order to cause the driven bridge to descend as specified when the power supply is cut off, the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve can be configured such that its working output is connected to its exhaust output and cut off relative to its pressure input when it is not energized, and its working output is connected to its pressure input and cut off relative to its exhaust output when it is energized.

[0031] To control the electromagnetic valve assembly according to the present invention, the valve assembly includes a first solenoid valve unit with a three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve unit with a two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve, and for the lifting bridge operation of the trailer with the driven axle raised, the following method steps are provided:

[0032] A) Check whether the weight borne on the main axle and / or auxiliary axle of the trailer exceeds the pre-defined weight limit when the driven axle is fully raised.

[0033] B) If the answer to step A is no, i.e., when the weight borne on the main axle and / or auxiliary axle does not exceed a predetermined weight boundary value when the driven axle is fully raised: switch the three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve of the first solenoid valve unit to its exhaust position. This shuts off the load-bearing bellows of the trailer's main axle and auxiliary axle, as well as the exhaust from the load-bearing bellows of the driven axle.

[0034] C) Switch the two-position three-way reversing solenoid of the second solenoid unit to its inflation position, so that the lifting bellows of the driven axle is inflated and the driven axle is raised at least to the point that its wheels lose contact with the lane.

[0035] To control the valve assembly of the electromagnetic system to implement driven axle operation of the trailer with driven axle descent, the following method steps are set up:

[0036] D) Check whether the weight borne on the main axle and / or auxiliary axle of the trailer exceeds the predetermined boundary value when the driven axle is fully raised.

[0037] E) When a positive determination is given in method step D, i.e. when the weight borne on the main axle and / or auxiliary axle exceeds a predetermined boundary value when the driven axle is fully raised: switch the two-position three-way reversing solenoid of the second solenoid unit to its exhaust position, thereby venting the lifting bellows of the driven axle and thereby keeping or gaining contact with the lane at the driven axle.

[0038] F) Adjust any pressure between the ambient pressure and the maximum pressure in the load-bearing bellows of the main axle, auxiliary axle, and driven axle of the trailer by opening or closing the three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve of the first solenoid valve unit.

[0039] To control the electromagnetic valve assembly according to the invention, the valve assembly includes a two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve with an inlet valve configured as a two-position two-way reversing solenoid valve and an outlet valve configured as a two-position two-way reversing solenoid valve. For lift-bridge operation of a trailer with driven axle lifting, the following method steps are provided:

[0040] G) Check whether the weight borne on the main axle and / or auxiliary axle of the trailer exceeds the predetermined weight limit when the driven axle is fully raised.

[0041] H) When the answer to step G is no, i.e., when the weight borne on the main axle and / or auxiliary axle does not exceed a predetermined weight limit when the driven axle is fully raised: switch the inlet valve to its shut-off position and switch the outlet valve to its open position. This shuts off the load-bearing bellows of the trailer's main axle and auxiliary axle, and vents the load-bearing bellows of the driven axle.

[0042] I) Switch the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve of the second solenoid unit to its inflation position, so that the lifting bellows of the driven axle is inflated and the driven axle is raised at least to the point that its wheels lose contact with the lane.

[0043] To control the valve assembly mentioned above to implement driven axle operation of the trailer with driven axle descent, the following method steps are set up:

[0044] J) Check whether the weight borne on the main axle and / or auxiliary axle of the trailer exceeds a predetermined limit value when the driven axle is fully raised.

[0045] K) When the answer in step J is affirmative, i.e., when the weight borne on the main axle and / or auxiliary axle exceeds a predetermined boundary value when the driven axle is fully raised: switch the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve of the second solenoid unit to its exhaust position. This exhausts the air intake bellows of the driven axle and thereby allows the wheels at the driven axle to maintain or gain contact with the lane.

[0046] L) By opening or closing the outlet valve, any pressure can be adjusted between the ambient pressure and the maximum pressure in the load-bearing bellows of the trailer's main axle, auxiliary axle, and driven axle.

[0047] The pressure in the load-bearing bellows of the main axle, auxiliary axle, and driven axle is preferably adjusted based on the weight borne on the main axle and / or auxiliary axle and / or the load or load weight distribution of the trailer and / or the geometry of the trailer.

[0048] It can be set that the maximum pressure in the load-bearing bellows of the driven axle is the same as the pressure in the load-bearing bellows of the main axle and the auxiliary axle.

[0049] Finally, to implement lift-bridge operation of the trailer with the driven axle raised, a control of the solenoid valve assembly can be provided, which has the following method steps:

[0050] M) In multiple exhaust steps, exhaust is gradually applied to the load-bearing bellows of the main axle, the driven axle, and, if present, the auxiliary axle.

[0051] N) After each exhaust step: check whether the weight acting on the respective load-bearing bellows exceeds the predetermined weight boundary value.

[0052] O) When a no determination is given in method step N, that is, when the weight acting on each of the bearing bellows does not exceed the predetermined weight boundary value: the bearing bellows are partially vented again in a further venting step.

[0053] P) After the final venting step, when the load bellows of the driven axle are almost completely emptied and when a no-determination is still given in method step N, i.e. the weight acting on the respective load bellows has not exceeded the predetermined weight boundary value: inflate at least one lifting bellows of the driven axle, thereby raising the driven axle to the point where its wheels are lifted off the lane.

[0054] In this method, it is progressively determined whether the main axle at the trailer and, if necessary, the auxiliary axle are capable of bearing the axle loads acting on these axles without exceeding the permissible load limits. This is achieved by progressively reducing the load on the driven axle. Once it is confirmed that the main axle, alone or in conjunction with the auxiliary axle if necessary, is capable of bearing the loads acting on these axles, then at least one lifting bellows of the driven axle is inflated, and the driven axle is raised until it no longer needs to bear the load.

[0055] Finally, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is also solved by a trailer having a main axle and a driven axle, wherein the driven axle is arranged before or after the main axle of the trailer when viewed in the forward travel direction, is supported on the trailer frame by at least one load-bearing bellows, and can be raised or lowered by at least one lifting bellows, wherein the trailer has an electromagnetic valve assembly as described above. Attached Figure Description

[0056] The valve assembly featuring the characteristics of the present invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. Wherein:

[0057] Figure 1 A vehicle assembly comprising a tractor and a trailer, having a first embodiment of the valve assembly according to the invention, is shown in the side view.

[0058] Figure 1a An enlarged partial view shows a three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve according to the first embodiment. Figure 1 Valve assembly;

[0059] Figure 1b The following is an illustration of a three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve according to the second embodiment. Figure 1 and Figure 1a The truncated section of the valve assembly;

[0060] Figure 2 The side view shows the following: Figure 1 A vehicle assembly having a second embodiment of the valve assembly according to the invention; and

[0061] Figure 2a The enlarged partial view shows the data based on... Figure 2 Valve assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0062] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 The diagram shows a vehicle assembly 2 configured as a semi-trailer train, consisting of a semi-trailer tractor unit (4) as a tractor vehicle and a semi-trailer unit (6) attached to the tractor vehicle. Vehicle assembly 2 is located in lane 3. The tractor vehicle 4 has a frame 8 on which a cab 10 is mounted. The frame 8 is supported by a steerable front axle 12 and a rear axle 14 configured as a drive axle. The two axles 12 and 14 of the tractor vehicle 4 can be alternately or simultaneously supported at the frame 8 by steel springs or air springs. In the rear region of the tractor vehicle 4, a coupling element 16 configured as a towing seat is fastened to the frame 8.

[0063] The trailer 6 has a frame 18 on which a box-shaped body 20 is mounted. The frame 18 is supported by three adjacent axles 22, 24, and 26 arranged sequentially. In the front region of the trailer 6, a docking element 28, which is a saddle plate with a kingpin, is fastened to the frame 18. The trailer 6 is pivotally attached to the towing vehicle 4 via the towing seat 16 through this docking element.

[0064] The intermediate axle of trailer 6 forms its main axle 22. The main axle is connected to the frame 18 by air springs. Two air springs are arranged for this purpose, each having load-bearing bellows, in which… Figure 1 and Figure 2 Only the supporting bellows 30 are visible in the center. Viewed in the forward direction, the front axle is configured as an auxiliary axle 24, supported at the frame 18 by two air springs via their supporting bellows 32. Viewed in the forward direction, the rear axle is configured as a liftable driven axle 26, similarly supported at the frame 18 by two air springs via its supporting bellows 34, and arranged to be raised and lowered by at least one lifting bellows 36.

[0065] exist Figure 1 In addition to vehicle assembly 2, a first embodiment of the valve assembly 38 according to the invention is schematically shown, which is actually fastened to the frame 18 and... Figure 1a The diagram is also enlarged. Valve assembly 38 includes a first solenoid valve unit 42, which can be driven by an electronic controller 40 to steplessly adjust the bellows pressure in the load-bearing bellows 34 of the driven axle 26 between ambient pressure and bellows pressure applied to the load-bearing bellows 30, 32 of the main axle 22 and the auxiliary axle 24. Furthermore, there is a second solenoid valve unit 44, which can be driven by the electronic controller 40 independently of the first solenoid valve unit 42, and is used to switch the bellows pressure in the lifting bellows 36 of the driven axle 26 between ambient pressure and reservoir pressure.

[0066] according to Figure 1 and Figure 1a The first solenoid valve unit 42 is configured as a three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve 46, having a pressure input terminal 48, a working output terminal 50, and an exhaust output terminal 52. The first solenoid valve unit 42 is connected to the controller 40 via an unlabeled electrical control line. The pressure input terminal 48 is connected via a first connecting line 54 and a connecting line 56 to the load-bearing bellows 30, 32 of the main axle 22 and the auxiliary axle 24. The working output terminal 50 is connected via a second connecting line 58 to the load-bearing bellows 34 of the driven axle 26. The exhaust output terminal 52 is connected to an exhaust line 60, which leads to the surrounding environment via a muffler 62. This three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve 46 is configured such that: in the unenergized state, the working output terminal 50 is connected to the pressure input terminal 48 and cut off relative to the exhaust output terminal 52; in the weakly energized state, it is cut off relative to both the pressure input terminal 48 and the exhaust output terminal 52; and in the fully energized state, it is connected to the exhaust output terminal 52 and cut off relative to the pressure input terminal 48.

[0067] like Figure 1bAs shown, the three-position three-way directional solenoid valve 46' can also be configured such that it has two electromagnets 92 and 94 that can be driven by the controller 40. These electromagnets 92 and 94 are arranged such that: when the first electromagnet 92 is energized, the three-position three-way directional solenoid valve 46' is switched to its exhaust position, in which the pressure input terminal 48 is cut off and the working output terminal 50 is connected to the exhaust output terminal 52; when the second electromagnet 94 is energized, the three-position three-way directional solenoid valve 46' is switched to its off position; and when the electromagnets 92 and 94 are not energized, the pressure input terminal 48 and the working output terminal 50 of the three-position three-way directional solenoid valve 46' are connected to each other, and the exhaust output terminal 52 is closed.

[0068] Even in this embodiment of the three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve 46', it is ensured that the load-bearing bellows 30, 32, and 34 of the main axle 22, auxiliary axle 24, and lifting axle 26 are pneumatically interconnected when the current is lost.

[0069] according to Figure 1 and Figure 1a The second solenoid valve unit 44 is configured as a two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve 64, having a pressure input terminal 66, a working output terminal 68, and an exhaust output terminal 70. This two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve is connected to the controller 40 via an electrical control line. The pressure input terminal 66 is connected to a accumulator line 74 connected to the compressed air source 72. The working output terminal 68 is connected to the lifting bellows 36 of the driven bridge 26 via a connecting line 76. The exhaust output terminal 70 is pneumatically connected to the exhaust line 60. The two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve 64 is configured such that its working output terminal 68 is connected to the exhaust output terminal 70 and cut off relative to the pressure input terminal 66 in the de-energized state, and connected to the pressure input terminal 66 and cut off relative to the exhaust output terminal 70 in the energized state.

[0070] Therefore, the bellows pressure in the carrying bellows 34 of the driven axle 26 can be steplessly adjusted between the ambient pressure and the bellows pressure in the carrying bellows 30, 32 of the main axle 22 and the auxiliary axle 24 by means of the first solenoid valve unit 42. Furthermore, the bellows pressure in the lifting bellows 36 of the driven axle 26 can be alternately adjusted to the ambient pressure or the accumulator pressure applied in the accumulator line 74 independently of the first valve unit 42 by means of the second solenoid valve unit 44.

[0071] Furthermore, the construction of the two solenoid valve units 42 and 44 ensures that, when the power supply is cut off and therefore the reversing solenoid valves 46 and 64 are not energized, the carrying bellows 34 of the driven axle 26 is pneumatically connected to the carrying bellows 30 and 32 of the main axle 22 and the auxiliary axle 24, and the lifting bellows 36 of the driven axle 26 is connected to the exhaust line 60, which causes the driven axle 26 to descend toward the direction of lane 3 when it is raised.

[0072] In order to use according to Figure 1 and 1a The electromagnetic valve assembly 38 is adjusted to operate in a lifting bridge configuration with the driven bridge 26 raised, and the following steps are followed:

[0073] A) Check whether the weight borne on the main axle 22 and / or auxiliary axle 24 of trailer 6 exceeds a predetermined weight limit when the driven axle 26 is fully raised.

[0074] B) When the answer in step A is no, i.e., when the weight borne on the main axle 22 and / or the auxiliary axle 24 does not exceed a predetermined weight boundary value when the driven axle 26 is fully raised: the three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve 46 of the first embodiment of the first solenoid valve unit 42 is switched to its exhaust position. This shuts off the load-bearing bellows 30 of the main axle 22 and the load-bearing bellows 32 of the auxiliary axle 24 of the trailer 6, and exhausts the load-bearing bellows 34 of the driven axle 26.

[0075] C) The two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve of the second solenoid unit 44 is switched to its inflation position, so that the lifting bellows 36 of the driven axle 26 is inflated and the driven axle 26 is raised at least to the point that its wheels lose contact with the lane 3.

[0076] Conversely, when the driven bridge operation, which involves the descent of the driven bridge 26, is to be performed, the following steps shall be taken:

[0077] D) Check whether the weight borne on the main axle 22 and / or auxiliary axle 24 of trailer 26 exceeds a predetermined boundary value when the driven axle 26 is fully raised.

[0078] E) When the determination in step D is affirmative, i.e. when the weight borne on the main axle 22 and / or auxiliary axle 24 of trailer 6 exceeds a predetermined boundary value when the driven axle 26 is fully raised: the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve 64 of the second solenoid valve unit 44 is switched to its exhaust position, thereby venting the lifting bellows 36 of the driven axle 26 and thereby keeping or gaining contact between the wheels at the driven axle 26 and the lane 3.

[0079] F) Adjust the pressure between the ambient pressure and the maximum pressure in the load-bearing bellows 30, 32, 34 of the main axle 22, auxiliary axle 24 and driven axle 26 of trailer 6 by opening or closing the three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve 46.

[0080] exist Figure 2 In the diagram, a second embodiment of the valve assembly 38' according to the invention is schematically shown at vehicle assembly 2, which is actually fastened to the frame 18 of trailer 6 and... Figure 2a The diagram is enlarged in size. The valve assembly 38' also includes: a first solenoid valve unit 78 (second embodiment) controllable by an electronic controller 40, used to steplessly adjust the bellows pressure in the load-bearing bellows 34 of the driven axle 26 between ambient pressure and bellows pressure applied to the load-bearing bellows 30 of the main axle 22 and, if necessary, the auxiliary axle 24; and a second solenoid valve unit 44 controllable independently of the first solenoid valve unit 78 by the electronic controller 40, used to switch the bellows pressure in the lifting bellows 36 of the driven axle 26 between ambient pressure and reservoir pressure. Under the same operating conditions, according to... Figure 2 and Figure 2a Valve assembly 38' and according to Figure 1 and Figure 1a The only difference in the valve assembly 38 is the alternative implementation of the first solenoid valve unit 78.

[0081] according to Figure 2 and Figure 2a The first solenoid valve unit 78 now includes: an inlet valve 80 configured as a two-position, two-way reversing solenoid valve, the inlet valve having a pressure input 82 and a working output 84; and an outlet valve 86 configured as a two-position, two-way reversing solenoid valve, the outlet valve having a working input 88 and a venting output 90. The inlet valve 80 and the outlet valve 86 are each connected to the controller 40 via an electrical control line.

[0082] The pressure input terminal 82 is connected via connecting lines 54 and 56 to the load-bearing bellows 30 and 32 of the main axle 22 and the auxiliary axle 24. The working output terminal 84 of the inlet valve 80 and the working input terminal 88 of the outlet valve 86 are connected via the aforementioned connecting line 58 to the load-bearing bellows 34 of the driven axle 26. The exhaust output terminal 90 of the outlet valve 86 is connected to the exhaust line 60, which leads to the surrounding environment via the muffler 62.

[0083] The inlet valve 80 is constructed such that its working output terminal 84 is connected to the pressure input terminal 82 of the inlet valve 80 when it is not energized, and is cut off from the pressure input terminal 82 when it is energized. The outlet valve 86 is constructed such that its working input terminal 88 is cut off from the exhaust output terminal 90 when it is not energized, and is connected to the exhaust output terminal 90 of the outlet valve 86 when it is energized.

[0084] Even in this alternative valve assembly 38', the bellows pressure in the load-bearing bellows 34 of the driven axle 26 can be steplessly adjusted between the ambient pressure and the bellows pressure in the load-bearing bellows 30, 32 of the main axle 22 and the auxiliary axle 24 by means of the first solenoid valve unit 78. Furthermore, the bellows pressure in the lifting bellows 36 of the driven axle 26 can be alternately adjusted, independently of the first solenoid valve unit 78, to the ambient pressure or the accumulator pressure applied in the accumulator line 74.

[0085] In addition, by means of Figure 2 and Figure 2a The construction scheme of the two solenoid valve units 78 and 44 ensures the connection of the load-bearing bellows 34 of the driven axle 26 to the load-bearing bellows 30 and 32 of the main axle 22 and the auxiliary axle 24, and the connection of the lifting bellows 36 of the driven axle 26 to the exhaust line 60 when the power supply is cut off and therefore the solenoid valve units 80, 86, and 64 are not energized, which causes the driven axle 26 to descend when it is raised.

[0086] according to Figure 2 and Figure 2a The advantage of the second embodiment of the first solenoid valve unit 78 is that its structure and operation are similar to those of the ABS regulating valve. Therefore, this embodiment of the first solenoid valve unit 78 can be configured to be identical in structure to the ABS regulating valve of a compressed air-operated wheel brake in a commercial vehicle, thus advantageously saving costs associated with the research, development, manufacturing, and inventory of new solenoid valve units.

[0087] In order to use according to Figure 2 and Figure 2a Different methods and steps are set for adjusting the driven bridge 26 to either driven bridge type operation or lifting bridge type operation of valve unit 38'. Therefore, in order to implement lifting bridge type operation with the driven bridge 26 being raised, the following methods and steps must be performed:

[0088] G) Check whether the weight borne on the main axle 22 and / or auxiliary axle 24 of trailer 6 exceeds a predetermined weight limit when the driven axle 26 is fully raised.

[0089] H) When the answer in step G is no, i.e., when the weight borne on the main axle 22 and / or the auxiliary axle 24 does not exceed a predetermined weight limit when the driven axle 26 is fully raised: switch the inlet valve 80 to its closed position and switch the outlet valve 86 to its open position. This shuts off the load-bearing bellows 30 of the main axle 22 and the load-bearing bellows 32 of the auxiliary axle 24 of the trailer 6, and vents the load-bearing bellows 34 of the driven axle 26.

[0090] I) The two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve 64 of the second solenoid valve unit 44 is switched to its inflation position, so that the lifting bellows 36 of the driven axle 26 is inflated and the driven axle 26 is raised at least to the point that its wheels lose contact with the lane 3.

[0091] In contrast, to control the solenoid valve assembly 38' to implement driven bridge operation with the driven bridge 26 descending, the following steps must be performed:

[0092] J) Check whether the weight borne on the main axle 22 and / or auxiliary axle 24 of trailer 26 exceeds a predetermined boundary value when the driven axle 26 is fully raised.

[0093] K) When a positive determination is made in method step J, i.e. when the weight borne on the main axle 22 and / or auxiliary axle 24 of trailer 6 exceeds a predetermined boundary value when the driven axle 26 is fully raised: the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve 64 of the second solenoid valve unit 44 is switched to its exhaust position, thereby venting the lifting bellows 36 of the driven axle 26 and thereby maintaining or obtaining the degree of contact between the wheels at the driven axle 26 and the lane 3.

[0094] L) By opening or closing the outlet valve 86, any pressure can be adjusted between the ambient pressure and the maximum pressure in the load-bearing bellows 30, 32, 34 of the main axle 22, auxiliary axle 24, and driven axle 26 of the trailer 6.

[0095] The pressure in the load-bearing bellows 30, 32, and 34 of the main axle 22, auxiliary axle 24, and driven axle 26 is adjusted based on the weight of the trailer 6 and / or the distribution of the load weight at the trailer 6 and / or the geometry of the trailer 6. The pressure in the load-bearing bellows 34 of the driven axle 26 is the highest here and is as high as the pressure in the load-bearing bellows 30 and 32 of the main axle 22 and, if necessary, the auxiliary axle 24.

[0096] According to another variation of the method, in order to implement the lifting bridge operation of trailer 6 with the driven axle 26 raised, the following method steps are set:

[0097] M) In multiple exhaust steps, exhaust is gradually applied to the load-bearing bellows 30, 32, and 34 of the main axle 22, the driven axle 26, and, if present, the auxiliary axle 24.

[0098] N) After each exhaust step: check whether the weight acting on the respective load-bearing bellows 30, 32, 34 exceeds the predetermined weight boundary value.

[0099] O) When a no determination is given in method step N, that is, when the weight acting on the respective load-bearing bellows 30, 32, 34 does not exceed the predetermined weight boundary value: the load-bearing bellows 30, 32, 34 are partially vented again in the further venting step.

[0100] P) After the final venting step, when the load-bearing bellows 34 of the driven axle 26 is almost completely emptied and when a no-determination is given in method step N, that is, when the weight acting on the respective load-bearing bellows 30, 32, 34 has not exceeded the predetermined weight boundary value: inflate at least one lifting bellows 36 of the driven axle 26, thereby lifting the driven axle 26 to the extent that its wheels are lifted off the lane 3.

[0101] The corrugated pipes 30 and 32 of the main axle 22 and, if present, the auxiliary axle 24 can then be inflated.

[0102] Therefore, in this method, it is progressively determined whether the main axle 22 at trailer 6 and the auxiliary axle 24, if necessary, are capable of bearing the axle loads acting on these axles without exceeding the permissible load limits. This is achieved by progressively reducing the load on the driven axle 26. Once it is confirmed that the main axle 22, alone or in conjunction with the auxiliary axle 24, is capable of bearing the loads acting on these axles 22, 24, then at least one lifting bellows 34 of the driven axle 26 is inflated and the driven axle is raised until the driven axle 26 no longer needs to bear any load.

[0103] List of reference numerals

[0104] 2 vehicle combinations, semi-trailer

[0105] 3 lanes

[0106] 4. Tractor vehicles, semi-trailer tractors

[0107] 6-trailer, semi-trailer

[0108] 8. The chassis of the tractor vehicle

[0109] 10. Driver's cab

[0110] 12. Front axle of the tractor vehicle

[0111] 14. Rear axle, the drive axle for traction vehicles.

[0112] 16 coupling elements, traction seat

[0113] 18. Trailer frame

[0114] 20. Box-type body of the trailer

[0115] 22. Main axle of the trailer

[0116] 24. Additional axles for trailers

[0117] 26. Driven axle of trailer

[0118] 28 docking components, saddle plate

[0119] 30. Load-bearing corrugated pipe at the main axle of the trailer.

[0120] 32. Load-bearing bellows at the auxiliary axle of the trailer.

[0121] 34. The load-bearing bellows at the driven axle of the trailer.

[0122] 36. The rising bellows at the driven bridge

[0123] 38 Valve Assembly (First Embodiment)

[0124] 38' Valve Assembly (Second Embodiment)

[0125] 40 Electronic Controller

[0126] 42 First solenoid valve unit (first embodiment)

[0127] 44 Second solenoid valve unit

[0128] 46 Three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (first embodiment)

[0129] 46' Three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (second embodiment)

[0130] 48 Three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve, pressure input terminal at 46

[0131] 50 Three-position three-way directional solenoid valve, working output terminal at position 46

[0132] 52 Three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve, exhaust output terminal at 46

[0133] 54 First connecting line

[0134] 56. Connection Lines

[0135] 58 Second connecting line

[0136] 60 Exhaust Line

[0137] 62 Muffler

[0138] 64 Two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve

[0139] 66 is the pressure input terminal of the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve 64.

[0140] 68 is the working output terminal of the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve 64.

[0141] 70 is the exhaust output terminal at the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve 64.

[0142] 72 Compressed air source

[0143] 74. Reserve Circuit

[0144] 76 Connection Lines

[0145] 78 First solenoid valve unit (second embodiment)

[0146] 80 imported valve, two-position two-way reversing solenoid valve

[0147] 82 Pressure input end at the inlet valve

[0148] 84 at the working output end of the inlet valve

[0149] 86 outlet valve, two-position two-way reversing solenoid valve

[0150] 88 is the working input at the outlet valve.

[0151] 90 at the exhaust outlet end of the outlet valve

[0152] 92 The first electromagnet at the three-position three-way directional solenoid valve 46'

[0153] 94. The second electromagnet at the three-position three-way directional solenoid valve 46'

Claims

1. A valve assembly (38, 38') for controlling the solenoid of the driven bridge (26). wherein The driven bridge (26) - In a multi-axle trailer (6), the vehicle is positioned before or after the main axle (22) along the forward travel direction. - Supported at the frame (18) of the trailer (6) by at least one load-bearing bellows (34), and - It can be raised or lowered by means of at least one lifting bellows (36), and The valve assembly (38, 38') - It can be controlled by an electronic controller (40), and - Constructed to make - The bellows pressure in the supporting bellows (34) and the bellows pressure in the lifting bellows (36) can be adjusted independently of each other, and - When the power supply is cut off, the driven axle (26) automatically descends toward the lane (3) where the trailer (6) is located. in, The valve assembly (38, 38') has: - A first solenoid valve unit (42, 78) controllable by the electronic controller (40), the first solenoid valve unit being used to steplessly adjust the bellows pressure in the load-bearing bellows (34) of the driven axle (26) between the ambient pressure and the bellows pressure applied in the load-bearing bellows (30) of the main axle (22), and - A second solenoid valve unit (44) that can be driven independently of the first solenoid valve unit (42, 78) by the electronic controller (40), the second solenoid valve unit being used to switch the bellows pressure in the lifting bellows (36) of the driven bridge (26) between ambient pressure and reservoir pressure. in, The first solenoid valve unit (42) is configured as a three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (46, 46') having a pressure input end (48), a working output end (50) and an exhaust output end (52), wherein, - The pressure input terminal (48) is connected to the load-bearing bellows (30) of the main axle (22). - The working output terminal (50) is connected to the load-bearing bellows (34) of the driven bridge (26), and - The exhaust outlet (52) is connected to the exhaust line (60).

2. The solenoid valve assembly of claim 1, wherein The three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (46) is configured such that - The working output terminal (50) is connected to the pressure input terminal (48) and cut off relative to the exhaust output terminal (52) when the three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (46) is not energized. - The working output terminal (50) is cut off relative to the pressure input terminal (48) and the exhaust output terminal (52) when the three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (46) is weakly energized, and - The working output terminal (50) is connected to the exhaust output terminal (52) and cut off relative to the pressure input terminal (48) when the three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (46) is in its maximum energized state.

3. The electromagnetic valve assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, - The three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (46') has two electromagnets (92, 94) that can be driven by the controller (40). The electromagnets are arranged such that when the first electromagnet (92) is energized, the three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (46') is switched to its exhaust position, in which the pressure input terminal (48) is cut off and the working output terminal (50) is connected to the exhaust output terminal (52). - When the second electromagnet (94) is energized, the three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (46') is switched to its off position, and - When the electromagnets (92, 94) are not energized, the pressure input terminal (48) and the working output terminal (50) of the three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (46') are connected to each other and the exhaust output terminal (52) is closed.

4. The electromagnetic valve assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second solenoid valve unit (44) is configured as a two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (64) having a pressure input terminal (66), a working output terminal (68), and an exhaust output terminal (70), wherein, - The pressure input terminal (66) of the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (64) is connected to the accumulator line (74). - The working output terminal (68) is connected to the lifting bellows (36) of the driven bridge (26), and - The exhaust outlet (70) is connected to the exhaust line (60).

5. The electromagnetic valve assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (64) is configured such that - The working output terminal (68) is connected to the exhaust output terminal (70) and cut off relative to the pressure input terminal (66) when the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (64) is not energized, and - The working output terminal (68) is connected to the pressure input terminal (66) and cut off relative to the exhaust output terminal (70) when the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (64) is energized.

6. Valve assembly (38, 38') for controlling the solenoid of the driven bridge (26). in, The driven bridge (26) - In a multi-axle trailer (6), the vehicle is positioned before or after the main axle (22) along the forward travel direction. - Supported at the frame (18) of the trailer (6) by at least one load-bearing bellows (34), and - It can be raised or lowered by means of at least one lifting bellows (36), and The valve assembly (38, 38') - It can be controlled by an electronic controller (40), and - Constructed to make - The bellows pressure in the supporting bellows (34) and the bellows pressure in the lifting bellows (36) can be adjusted independently of each other, and - When the power supply is cut off, the driven axle (26) automatically descends toward the lane (3) where the trailer (6) is located. in, The valve assembly (38, 38') has: - A first solenoid valve unit (42, 78) controllable by the electronic controller (40), the first solenoid valve unit being used to steplessly adjust the bellows pressure in the load-bearing bellows (34) of the driven axle (26) between the ambient pressure and the bellows pressure applied in the load-bearing bellows (30) of the main axle (22), and - A second solenoid valve unit (44) that can be driven independently of the first solenoid valve unit (42, 78) by the electronic controller (40), the second solenoid valve unit being used to switch the bellows pressure in the lifting bellows (36) of the driven bridge (26) between ambient pressure and reservoir pressure. in, The first solenoid valve unit (78) includes an inlet valve (80) configured as a two-position two-way reversing solenoid valve with a pressure input end (82) and a working output end (84) and an outlet valve (86) configured as a two-position two-way reversing solenoid valve with a working input end (88) and an exhaust output end (90). - Wherein, the pressure input end (82) of the inlet valve (80) is connected to the load-bearing bellows (30) of the main axle (22), - Wherein, the working output end (84) of the inlet valve (80) and the working input end (88) of the outlet valve (86) are connected to the bearing bellows (34) of the driven bridge (26), and - Wherein, the exhaust output end (90) of the outlet valve (86) is connected to the exhaust line (60).

7. The electromagnetic valve assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, - The inlet valve (80) is configured such that its working output (84) is connected to its pressure input (82) when the inlet valve (80) is de-energized and is cut off relative to the pressure input (82) when the inlet valve (80) is energized. - The outlet valve (86) is configured such that its working input (88) is closed relative to its exhaust output (90) when the outlet valve (86) is not energized and connected to the exhaust output (90) when the outlet valve (86) is energized.

8. The electromagnetic valve assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first solenoid valve unit (78) is configured to be the same as the regulating valve structure of the anti-lock braking system of the wheel brakes of commercial vehicles that operate with compressed air.

9. The electromagnetic valve assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second solenoid valve unit (44) is configured as a two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (64) having a pressure input terminal (66), a working output terminal (68), and an exhaust output terminal (70), wherein, - The pressure input terminal (66) of the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (64) is connected to the accumulator line (74). - The working output terminal (68) is connected to the lifting bellows (36) of the driven bridge (26), and - The exhaust outlet (70) is connected to the exhaust line (60).

10. The electromagnetic valve assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that, The two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (64) is configured such that - The working output terminal (68) is connected to the exhaust output terminal (70) and cut off relative to the pressure input terminal (66) when the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (64) is not energized, and - The working output terminal (68) is connected to the pressure input terminal (66) and cut off relative to the exhaust output terminal (70) when the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (64) is energized.

11. A method for controlling a valve assembly (38) of an electromagnetic induction device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 to implement a lift-bridge operation of a trailer (6) with the driven axle (26) being raised, characterized in that... It has the following method steps: A) Check whether the weight borne on the main axle (22) and / or auxiliary axle (24) of the trailer (6) exceeds a predetermined weight limit value when the driven axle (26) is fully raised; B) When the weight borne on the main axle (22) and / or auxiliary axle (24) of the trailer (6) does not exceed a predetermined weight limit when the driven axle (26) is fully raised: switch the three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (46) of the first solenoid valve unit (42) to its exhaust position. This stops the load-bearing bellows (30) of the main axle (22) and the load-bearing bellows (32) of the auxiliary axle (24) of the trailer (6), and exhausts the load-bearing bellows (34) of the driven axle (26); C) Switch the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (64) of the second solenoid unit (44) to its inflation position, thereby inflating the lifting bellows (36) of the driven axle (26) and raising the driven axle (26) at least to the point that its wheels lose contact with the lane (3).

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The pressure in the load-bearing bellows (30, 32, 34) of the main axle (22), the auxiliary axle (24) and the driven axle (26) is adjusted based on the weight borne on the main axle and / or the auxiliary axle and / or the distribution of the load weight of the trailer (6) and / or the geometry of the trailer (6).

13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The pressure in the load-bearing bellows (34) of the driven axle (26) is the greatest and the same as the pressure in the load-bearing bellows (30, 32) of the main axle (22) and the auxiliary axle (24).

14. A method for controlling a valve assembly (38) of an electromagnetic field according to any one of claims 1 to 10 to implement driven bridge operation with the driven bridge (26) descending, Its features The following are the steps: D) Check whether the weight borne on the main axle (22) and / or auxiliary axle (24) of the trailer (6) exceeds a predetermined limit value when the driven axle (26) is fully raised; E) When the weight borne on the main axle (22) and / or auxiliary axle (24) of the trailer (6) exceeds a predetermined boundary value when the driven axle (26) is fully raised: switch the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (64) of the second solenoid valve unit (44) to its exhaust position, thereby venting the lifting bellows (36) of the driven axle (26) and thereby keeping or gaining contact with the lane (3) at the driven axle (26); F) Adjust the pressure between the ambient pressure and the maximum pressure in the load-bearing bellows (30, 32, 34) of the main axle (22), auxiliary axle (24) and driven axle (26) of the trailer (6) by opening or closing the three-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (46) of the first solenoid valve unit (42).

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The pressure in the load-bearing bellows (30, 32, 34) of the main axle (22), the auxiliary axle (24) and the driven axle (26) is adjusted based on the weight borne on the main axle and / or the auxiliary axle and / or the distribution of the load weight of the trailer (6) and / or the geometry of the trailer (6).

16. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The pressure in the load-bearing bellows (34) of the driven axle (26) is the greatest and the same as the pressure in the load-bearing bellows (30, 32) of the main axle (22) and the auxiliary axle (24).

17. A method for controlling a valve assembly (38') of an electromagnetic induction device according to any one of claims 6 to 8 to implement a lifting bridge operation with the driven bridge (26) being raised. Its features It has the following method steps: G) Check whether the weight borne on the main axle (22) and / or auxiliary axle (24) of the trailer (6) exceeds the predetermined weight limit value when the driven axle (26) is fully raised; H) When the weight borne on the main axle (22) and / or auxiliary axle (24) of the trailer (6) does not exceed a predetermined weight limit when the driven axle (26) is fully raised: switch the inlet valve (80) to its closed position and switch the outlet valve (86) to its open position. This stops the load-bearing bellows (30) of the main axle (22) and the load-bearing bellows (32) of the auxiliary axle (24) of the trailer (6), and exhausts the load-bearing bellows (34) of the driven axle (26); I) Switch the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (64) of the second solenoid unit (44) to its inflation position, thereby inflating the lifting bellows (36) of the driven axle (26) and raising the driven axle (26) at least to the point that its wheels lose contact with the lane (3).

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The pressure in the load-bearing bellows (30, 32, 34) of the main axle (22), the auxiliary axle (24) and the driven axle (26) is adjusted based on the weight borne on the main axle and / or the auxiliary axle and / or the distribution of the load weight of the trailer (6) and / or the geometry of the trailer (6).

19. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The pressure in the load-bearing bellows (34) of the driven axle (26) is the greatest and the same as the pressure in the load-bearing bellows (30, 32) of the main axle (22) and the auxiliary axle (24).

20. A method for controlling a valve assembly (38') of electromagnetic force according to any one of claims 1 to 10 to implement driven bridge operation with the driven bridge (26) descending, Its features It has the following method steps: J) Check whether the weight borne on the main axle (22) and / or auxiliary axle (24) of the trailer (6) exceeds a predetermined weight limit value when the driven axle (26) is fully raised; K) When the weight borne on the main axle (22) and / or auxiliary axle (24) of the trailer (6) exceeds a predetermined weight limit when the driven axle (26) is fully raised: switch the two-position three-way reversing solenoid valve (64) of the second solenoid valve unit (44) to its exhaust position, thereby venting the lifting bellows (36) of the driven axle (26) and thereby allowing the wheels at the driven axle (26) to maintain or gain contact with the lane (3); L) By opening or closing the outlet valve (86), any pressure between the ambient pressure and the maximum pressure in the load-bearing bellows (30, 32, 34) of the main axle (22), auxiliary axle (24) and driven axle (26) of the trailer (6) can be adjusted.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The pressure in the load-bearing bellows (30, 32, 34) of the main axle (22), the auxiliary axle (24) and the driven axle (26) is adjusted based on the weight borne on the main axle and / or the auxiliary axle and / or the distribution of the load weight of the trailer (6) and / or the geometry of the trailer (6).

22. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The pressure in the load-bearing bellows (34) of the driven axle (26) is the greatest and the same as the pressure in the load-bearing bellows (30, 32) of the main axle (22) and the auxiliary axle (24).

23. A valve assembly (38, 38') for controlling the electromagnetic field according to any one of claims 1 to 10 for implementing lift-bridge operation of a trailer (6) having a main axle (22), a liftable driven axle (26), and, if present, an additional axle (24), Its features It has the following method steps: M) In multiple exhaust steps, exhaust is progressively applied to the load-bearing bellows (30, 32, 34) of the main axle (22), the driven axle (26), and, if present, the auxiliary axle (24). N) After each exhaust step: check whether the weight acting on the respective load-bearing bellows (30, 32, 34) exceeds the predetermined weight boundary value; O) When the weight acting on the respective load-bearing bellows (30, 32, 34) does not exceed the predetermined weight boundary value: the load-bearing bellows (30, 32, 34) are partially vented again in a further venting step; P) After the final venting step, when the load-bearing bellows of the driven bridge (26) are almost completely emptied and the weight acting on the respective load-bearing bellows (30, 32, 34) still does not exceed the predetermined weight boundary value: Inflate at least one lifting bellows (36) of the driven axle (26), thereby raising the driven axle to the point that its wheels are lifted off the lane (3).

24. Trailer (6), said trailer having: - Main axle (22). - Driven bridge (26), where, The driven bridge (26) - Observe along the forward direction of travel, before or after the main axle (22) of the trailer (6). - Supported at the frame (18) of the trailer (6) by at least one load-bearing bellows (34), and - It can be raised or lowered by means of at least one lifting bellows (36), and - The electromagnetic valve assembly (38, 38') according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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