Formwork structure and construction method suitable for rapid prefabrication of T-beam with different spans

Abstract

This invention belongs to the technical field of precast formwork for bridges, and particularly relates to a formwork structure and construction method suitable for the rapid precasting of T-beams of different spans. This invention provides a formwork structure suitable for the rapid precasting of T-beams of different spans. By setting up lifting frame units, combination frame units, and inner lining plates on the base frame unit, it enables: 1. The effective height of the formwork structure to be flexibly adjustable, allowing for the construction of T-beam vertical slabs of different heights and dimensions; 2. The lower surface of the T-beam base plate can not only adjust the inclination angle but also the bending angle, ultimately resulting in a greater diversity of T-beam product dimensions and shapes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of precast formwork for bridges, and particularly relates to a formwork structure and construction method suitable for the rapid precasting of T-beams of different spans. Background Technology

[0002] The construction method of precast bridges using formwork is relatively widely used in bridges with spans ranging from 20 to 40 meters. Existing precast formwork suitable for T-beams of different spans achieves span adjustment by repeating the support frame and inner lining plate sections along the longitudinal length, ensuring that the entire formwork can provide flexible and varied span parameters.

[0003] On the other hand, the important dimensional parameters of T-beams include at least three: beam height, base plate width, and the inclination angle of the lower surface of the base plate. Therefore, for more efficient T-beam precast formwork, it is required that parameters such as the overall height of the formwork, the closing radius, and the angle of the formwork itself be adjustable.

[0004] Chinese utility model patent with patent publication number CN217923123U and publication date of November 29, 2022, discloses a connection structure for adjustable arc steel template of the outer cantilever of the top plate of the precast T-beam side beam of a curved bridge. The template of each precast T-beam side beam unit includes a template support frame, back ribs and a panel. The template support frame includes support columns and support beams. The back ribs include inter-column back ribs, inter-beam back ribs and wing plate back ribs. The panel includes web side plates, wing plate bottom plates and wing plate side plates. The template adjustment structure includes horizontal adjustment components and vertical adjustment components. The horizontal adjustment components are welded to the outer surface of the wing plate back ribs, and the vertical adjustment components are welded to the outer surface of the side back ribs. The position where the horizontal adjustment elongated hole and the vertical adjustment elongated hole overlap and pass through is anchored by a first connector.

[0005] The template structure in this utility model patent operates on the following principle: replacing the traditional U-shaped steel bar welding and fixing construction method, the verticality and horizontal curvature of the external cantilever vertical template are adjusted by selecting the angle steel model and setting the spacing of the horizontal and vertical adjustment components, the installation direction of the horizontal and vertical adjustment components, and the design of the reserved adjustment hole size in conjunction with the fastening bolts.

[0006] However, this template structure still has at least two shortcomings in actual use, which are the technical problems that this invention aims to solve.

[0007] 1. The actual effective height of the template is not easy to adjust, which means that the vertical plate height of the precast T-beam is always fixed. If you want to change the beam height, you can only change the thickness of the base plate, which is very troublesome.

[0008] 2. The inclination angle of the lower surface of the T-beam base plate is also inconvenient to adjust quickly, which greatly reduces the applicable range of precast T-beams and makes them less flexible.

[0009] Therefore, in summary, there is an urgent need for a new type of template structure that is suitable for T-beams of different spans and can change the height of the vertical plate of the T-beam and the inclination angle of the lower surface of the bottom plate of the T-beam. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This invention provides a template structure suitable for the rapid prefabrication of T-beams of different spans. By setting up lifting frame units, combination frame units, and inner lining plates on the base frame unit, it enables: 1. The effective height of the template structure to be flexibly adjustable, allowing the construction of T-beam vertical slabs of different heights and dimensions; 2. The lower surface of the T-beam base plate can not only adjust the tilt angle but also the bending angle, ultimately making the size and shape of the T-beam products more diverse.

[0011] In addition, the present invention provides a construction method for a template structure suitable for rapid prefabrication of T-beams of different spans, ensuring that the inner lining plate can be fixed as needed and is not easily displaced before the T-beam is poured.

[0012] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: a template structure suitable for rapid prefabrication of T-beams with different spans, including an inner lining plate that can be spliced ​​or welded sequentially in the span direction, a base frame unit set on the slider, a lifting frame unit set on the base frame unit for folding and storing the inner lining plate, and a combination frame unit set on the lifting frame unit for adjusting the tilt angle of the lower surface of the base plate.

[0013] A further preferred technical solution is that the base frame unit includes an outer vertical plate, an inner vertical plate for covering the inner lining plate, a transverse connecting plate disposed between the outer vertical plate and the inner vertical plate, and slider mounting holes disposed on the outer vertical plate and the inner vertical plate.

[0014] A further preferred technical solution is that the base frame unit further includes a lower fixing ring disposed on the outer vertical plate and used to insert the lifting frame unit.

[0015] A further preferred technical solution is that the combined frame unit includes an outer upright plate for welding and fixing the upper side of the inner lining plate, an inner upright plate for covering the inner lining plate, a transverse reinforcing plate, an upper fixing ring disposed on the outer upright plate, and a sliding lifting plate disposed on the transverse reinforcing plate and used to form a bent lower surface of the base plate.

[0016] A further preferred technical solution is that the sliding lifting plate includes an array of holes on the transverse reinforcing plate, an inverted U-shaped plate that engages with the transverse reinforcing plate, mounting holes on the inverted U-shaped plate, and a bending vertical plate on the inverted U-shaped plate for lifting the inner lining plate.

[0017] A further preferred technical solution is that the lifting frame unit includes a central vertical plate, adjusting rods respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the central vertical plate for inserting the lower or upper fixing ring, two horizontal plates disposed on the side of the central vertical plate, and a span-direction horizontal plate disposed on the horizontal plates for clamping the folded inner lining plate.

[0018] A further preferred technical solution is that the vertical cross-sectional shape of the span direction transverse plate is C-shaped, and the lifting frame unit further includes fastening bolts disposed on the span direction transverse plate and used to clamp the inner lining plate.

[0019] A further preferred technical solution is that both the inner vertical plate and the inner upright plate are provided with stud units for clamping the transverse plate in the span direction.

[0020] A further preferred technical solution is that the stud unit includes a screw hole plate disposed on the inner vertical plate or inner upright plate, and a lifting stud disposed on the screw hole plate.

[0021] A further preferred technical solution is that: before the T-beam is poured, the lower side of the inner lining plate is fixed to the lower end surface of the inner vertical plate, and the upper side of the inner lining plate is fixed to the side of the outer vertical plate, and is provided with two fixing points, one above and one below. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the present invention is used.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a T-beam structure in the prior art.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and structure of the base frame unit and the lifting frame unit in this invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the positional structure of the assembly frame unit in this invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a top-down view illustrating the usage of the horizontal plate in the span direction in this invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the position and structure of the sliding lifting plate in this invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and shape of the inverted U-shaped plate in this invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the positional structure of the stud unit in this invention.

[0031] The meanings of the markings in the diagram are as follows:

[0032] Base plate a, vertical plate b;

[0033] Inner liner 10, slider 11, support plate 12, upper position point 13, lower position point 14;

[0034] Base frame unit 1, lifting frame unit 2, combined frame unit 3, stud unit 4;

[0035] Outer vertical plate 101, inner vertical plate 102, transverse connecting plate 103, slider mounting hole 104, lower fixing ring 105, outer vertical plate 301, inner vertical plate 302, transverse reinforcing plate 303, upper fixing ring 304, sliding lifting plate 305, array hole 305a, inverted U-shaped plate 305b, mounting hole 305c, bending vertical plate 305d, centering vertical plate 201, adjusting rod 202, horizontal plate 203, span direction horizontal plate 204, fastening bolt 205, screw hole plate 401, lifting stud 402. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0037] As attached Figure 1-9 As shown, the template structure suitable for rapid prefabrication of T-beams with different spans includes an inner lining plate 10 that can be spliced ​​or welded sequentially in the span direction, a base frame unit 1 set on a slider 11, a lifting frame unit 2 set on the base frame unit 1 and used for folding and storing the inner lining plate 10, and a combination frame unit 3 set on the lifting frame unit 2 and used for adjusting the tilt angle of the lower surface of the base plate a.

[0038] In this embodiment, the base frame unit 1 is fixedly mounted on the slider 11 and connected to the hydraulic cylinder to ensure that the template structure has the most basic mold closing and demolding functions. Furthermore, the higher the combined frame unit 3, the greater the height of the corresponding vertical plate b of the template structure.

[0039] In addition, the assembly frame unit 3 has at least the following two functions:

[0040] 1. Change the tilt angle of the lower surface of base plate a;

[0041] 2. Change the single lower surface of the base plate a to a two-section bent surface, while the specific tilt angle of the bent surface can still be adjusted.

[0042] Ultimately, this template structure allows for flexible adjustment of the specific shape and size of the T-beam cross-section, ensuring that different batches of T-beams do not require extensive disassembly and reassembly of the entire template structure after changes in cross-sectional shape. This is highly flexible and efficient.

[0043] The base frame unit 1 includes an outer vertical plate 101, an inner vertical plate 102 for covering the inner lining plate 10, a transverse connecting plate 103 disposed between the outer vertical plate 101 and the inner vertical plate 102, and a slider mounting hole 104 disposed on the outer vertical plate 101 and the inner vertical plate 102.

[0044] In this embodiment, the main material of the template structure is steel, and the shape is square steel or channel steel. The "inner" direction refers to the side closer to the T-beam. The entire template structure may use 20-60 support frames composed of the base frame unit 1, the lifting frame unit 2, and the combined frame unit 3, and match several inner lining plates 10 that are fully connected in the longitudinal direction. The inner lining plate 10 is made of thin steel plate.

[0045] The base frame unit 1 also includes a lower fixing ring 105 disposed on the outer vertical plate 101 and used to insert the lifting frame unit 2.

[0046] In this embodiment, the lower fixing ring 105 can be a simple sleeve ring or a fastening ring with bolts, to support the lifting frame unit 2 after lifting and adjustment.

[0047] The combined frame unit 3 includes an outer upright plate 301 for welding and fixing the upper side of the inner lining plate 10, an inner upright plate 302 for covering the inner lining plate 10, a transverse reinforcing plate 303, an upper fixing ring 304 disposed on the outer upright plate 301, and a sliding lifting plate portion 305 disposed on the transverse reinforcing plate 303 and used to form a bent lower surface of the bottom plate.

[0048] In this embodiment, when the sliding lifting plate 305 lifts the inner lining plate 10, the lower surface of the base plate a becomes a two-section bent surface; otherwise, the lower surface of the base plate a becomes a single inclined surface.

[0049] The general structure of the combined frame unit 3 is similar to that of the base frame unit 1, except that the two are symmetrical about the lifting frame unit 2.

[0050] The sliding lifting plate 305 includes an array hole 305a provided on the transverse reinforcing plate 303, an inverted U-shaped plate 305b engaged on the transverse reinforcing plate 303, a mounting hole 305c provided on the inverted U-shaped plate 305b, and a bending vertical plate 305d provided on the inverted U-shaped plate 305b and used to lift the inner lining plate 10.

[0051] In this embodiment, the array hole 305a ultimately provides the bending vertical plate 305d with an adjustable function that can move left and right and can be raised and lowered up and down, ensuring that the inner lining plate 10 can flexibly restrict and form the lower surface shape of the base plate a.

[0052] In addition, the mounting hole 305c is provided with necessary connecting bolts and nuts. The sliding lifting plate 305 includes two bolts connected to the mounting hole 305c, so it is not easy for it to tilt.

[0053] The lifting frame unit 2 includes a central vertical plate 201, adjusting rods 202 respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the central vertical plate 201 and used to insert the lower fixing ring 105 or the upper fixing ring 304, two horizontal plates 203 disposed on the side of the central vertical plate 201, and a cross plate 204 disposed on the cross plate 203 and used to clamp the folded inner lining plate 10 in the span direction.

[0054] In this embodiment, among the entire structure of the base frame unit 1, the lifting frame unit 2, and the combined frame unit 3, only the span direction horizontal plate 204 and the bending vertical plate 305d are not in the common vertical plane, but are perpendicular to the vertical plane, that is, the length direction is the span direction of the T-beam.

[0055] In addition, the cross plates 204 in the span direction can be held together end to end to ensure stable and sufficient support for the inner lining plate 10.

[0056] The vertical cross-sectional shape of the span direction horizontal plate 204 is C-shaped. The lifting frame unit 2 also includes fastening bolts 205 disposed on the span direction horizontal plate 204 and used to clamp the inner lining plate 10.

[0057] In this embodiment, the total vertical length of the inner lining plate 10 corresponds to the maximum effective height of the template structure. However, the template structure may not always be at its maximum effective height during actual use. At the same time, the upper and lower ends of the inner lining plate 10 cannot hang down arbitrarily. Therefore, a pair of cross plates 204 in the span direction are provided to clamp and store the inner lining plate 10 that has been properly folded.

[0058] Furthermore, the fastening bolt 205 further secures the aforementioned folded area of ​​the inner liner 10, while the specific C-shaped structure of the span direction transverse plate 204, i.e., the common channel steel style, ensures that the fastening bolt 205 can be easily rotated.

[0059] Both the inner vertical plate 102 and the inner vertical plate 302 are provided with stud units 4 for clamping the cross plate 204 in the span direction.

[0060] In this embodiment, the stud unit 4 directly clamps the cross plate 204 in the span direction. Its ultimate purpose is the same as that of the fastening bolt 205, which is to prevent the folded area of ​​the inner lining plate 10 from accidentally spreading out.

[0061] The stud unit 4 includes a screw hole plate 401 disposed on the inner vertical plate 102 or the inner vertical plate 302, and a lifting stud 402 disposed on the screw hole plate 401.

[0062] In this embodiment, the inner vertical plate 102 or the inner vertical plate 302 is also made of channel steel to ensure that a suitable installation position is provided for the screw hole plate 401.

[0063] A construction method for formwork structures applicable to the rapid prefabrication of T-beams of different spans, wherein: before the T-beam is poured, the lower side of the inner lining plate 10 is fixed to the lower end surface of the inner vertical plate 102, and the upper side of the inner lining plate 10 is fixed to the side of the outer vertical plate 301, and is provided with two fixing points, one above and one below.

[0064] In this embodiment, the upper point 13 is the maximum pouring height of the T-beam concrete, and the lower point 14 is the upper end point of the lower surface of the bottom plate a. The lower side of the inner lining plate 10 is fixed and cannot have any folded parts to avoid the gap at that point being too large after the inner vertical plate 102 and the support plate 12 are connected, which would cause a large amount of concrete to leak out.

[0065] In other words, when the template structure is not at its maximum height, the excess inner lining plate 10 can only be folded and stored at the cross plate 204 in the span direction, and cannot hang down with excess length on the upper and lower side edges.

[0066] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. These are non-inventive modifications and are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A template structure suitable for rapid prefabrication of T-beams of different spans, including inner lining plates (10) that can be sequentially spliced ​​in the span direction, characterized in that: It also includes a base frame unit (1) mounted on the slider (11), a lifting frame unit (2) mounted on the base frame unit (1) and used for folding and storing the inner lining plate (10), and a combination frame unit (3) mounted on the lifting frame unit (2) and used for adjusting the tilt angle of the lower surface of the base plate. The base unit (1) includes an outer vertical plate (101), an inner vertical plate (102) for covering the inner lining plate (10), a transverse connecting plate (103) disposed between the outer vertical plate (101) and the inner vertical plate (102), and slider mounting holes (104) disposed on the outer vertical plate (101) and the inner vertical plate (102). The base frame unit (1) also includes a lower fixing ring (105) disposed on the outer vertical plate (101) and used to insert the lifting frame unit (2). The combined frame unit (3) includes an outer upright plate (301) for welding and fixing the upper side of the inner lining plate (10), an inner upright plate (302) for covering the inner lining plate (10), a transverse reinforcing plate (303), an upper fixing ring (304) disposed on the outer upright plate (301), and a sliding lifting plate (305) disposed on the transverse reinforcing plate (303) and used to form a bent bottom plate lower surface. The lifting frame unit (2) includes a central vertical plate (201), an adjusting rod (202) respectively set at the upper and lower ends of the central vertical plate (201) and used to insert the lower fixing ring (105) or the upper fixing ring (304), two horizontal plates (203) set on the side of the central vertical plate (201), and a span direction horizontal plate (204) set on the horizontal plate (203) and used to clamp the folded inner lining plate (10).

2. The template structure for rapid prefabrication of T-beams of different spans according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding lifting plate (305) includes an array of holes (305a) provided on the transverse reinforcing plate (303), an inverted U-shaped plate (305b) engaged on the transverse reinforcing plate (303), a mounting hole (305c) provided on the inverted U-shaped plate (305b), and a bending vertical plate (305d) provided on the inverted U-shaped plate (305b) for lifting the inner lining plate (10).

3. The template structure for rapid prefabrication of T-beams of different spans according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical cross-sectional shape of the span direction transverse plate (204) is C-shaped. The lifting frame unit (2) also includes fastening bolts (205) disposed on the span direction transverse plate (204) and used to clamp the inner lining plate (10).

4. The template structure for rapid prefabrication of T-beams of different spans according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the inner vertical plate (102) and the inner vertical plate (302) are provided with stud units (4) for clamping the cross plate (204) in the span direction.

5. The template structure for rapid prefabrication of T-beams of different spans according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stud unit (4) includes a screw hole plate (401) disposed on the inner vertical plate (102) or the inner vertical plate (302), and a lifting stud (402) disposed on the screw hole plate (401).

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