Electronic controller and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides an electronic controller and a vehicle. The electronic controller comprises a field effect tube combination circuit and a resistance type sensor connected with a power supply in sequence. The field effect tube combination circuit comprises a first field effect tube and a second field effect tube connected between the power supply and the ground. The gate of the first field effect tube is connected with the drain of the second field effect tube. The drain of the first field effect tube is connected with the power supply. The source of the first field effect tube is connected with the power supply end of the resistance type sensor. The gate of the second field effect tube is connected with a voltage division output point of a voltage division resistor group. The voltage division resistor group comprises a first resistor and a second resistor connected between the power supply and the ground. The voltage division output point is the connection point of the first resistor and the second resistor. The technical scheme of the application can avoid damaging the power supply chip of the power supply, and ensure the power supply safety of the power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of new energy vehicle technology, and in particular to an electronic controller and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The power supply system of the thermal management controller in new energy vehicles needs to power the body sensors, communication integrated circuits, drive integrated circuits, and voltage followers. Among them, the body sensors include resistive sensors such as ambient temperature sensors, radiator inlet water temperature sensors, battery inlet water temperature sensors, and water tank inlet water temperature sensors. These resistive sensors are powered by an internal DC-DC power supply with a 5V pull-up voltage.

[0003] In related technologies, during reliability testing under vehicle operating conditions, when the analog signal interface of a resistive sensor experiences a short circuit and its internal DC-DC power supply fails (i.e., no 5V output power is available, but the internal DC-DC power supply chip is not damaged), the existing vehicle electronic controller uses an internal power pull-up method. This could lead to a short circuit at the 12V analog signal interface of the resistive sensor, damaging the internal DC-DC power supply chip. In this situation, since the 5V internal DC-DC power supply powers not only the resistive sensor but also the communication integrated circuit, driver integrated circuit, and voltage follower, it could potentially damage the entire 5V power supply system chip, causing the thermal management controller product to fail.

[0004] How to prevent short power supply voltage at the analog signal interface of resistive sensors from damaging the internal DC-DC power supply chip and ensure the power supply safety of the power supply system is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide an electronic controller and a vehicle to solve the technical problem in the prior art where a short power supply voltage causes damage to the power supply chip of the power supply system of the thermal management controller.

[0006] A first aspect of this application provides an electronic controller, which includes a field-effect transistor (FET) combination circuit and a resistive sensor connected in sequence to a power supply. The FET combination circuit includes a first FET and a second FET connected between the power supply and ground. The gate of the first FET is connected to the drain of the second FET, the drain of the first FET is connected to the power supply, the source of the first FET is connected to the power supply terminal of the resistive sensor, and the gate of the second FET is connected to the voltage divider output point of a voltage divider resistor group. The voltage divider resistor group includes a first resistor and a second resistor connected between the power supply and ground, and the voltage divider output point is the connection point of the first resistor and the second resistor.

[0007] In one embodiment, the electronic controller further includes a third resistor connected between the power supply terminal of the resistive sensor and the resistive sensor, and a fourth resistor connected between the third resistor and the central processing unit.

[0008] In one embodiment, the electronic controller further includes a first capacitor connected between the power supply and ground.

[0009] In one embodiment, the electronic controller further includes a second capacitor connected between the power supply terminal of the resistive sensor and ground.

[0010] In one embodiment, the electronic controller further includes a bidirectional Zener diode connected between the gate and source of the first field-effect transistor.

[0011] In one embodiment, the electronic controller further includes a fifth resistor connected between the gate and source of the first field-effect transistor.

[0012] In one embodiment, the electronic controller further includes a third capacitor connected between the junction of the third and fourth resistors and ground.

[0013] In one embodiment, the electronic controller further includes at least one of the following devices connected to the power supply: a communication integrated circuit, a driver integrated circuit, and a voltage follower.

[0014] In one embodiment, the power supply is a single-channel power supply with a supply voltage of 5V.

[0015] A second aspect of this application provides a vehicle, including a vehicle controller, a motor controller, a drive motor, and a transmission system, as well as an electronic controller as described above. The vehicle controller generates motor control data based on control signals generated by the electronic controller and sends it to the motor controller. The motor controller controls the motion state of the drive motor through the transmission system according to the motor control data.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application compared with the prior art include at least the following: connecting the first field-effect transistor and the second field-effect transistor between the power supply and ground, so that when the power supply fails and the first and second field-effect transistors are turned off, the parasitic diode of the first field-effect transistor can prevent reverse voltage from being applied to the power supply chip, thereby preventing the short power supply voltage of the resistive sensor from backflowing and damaging the power supply chip, realizing the function of the anti-reverse circuit, and ensuring the reliability of the electronic controller product. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic controller in related technologies;

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The equivalent circuit diagram of the electronic controller in the diagram;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic controller provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The equivalent circuit diagram of the electronic controller in the image. Detailed Implementation

[0022] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0023] In related technologies, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, existing vehicle body electronic controllers, such as the thermal management controller, have a resistive sensor 121 and an integrated circuit 122 attached to them, thus requiring two power supplies, namely power supply 111 and power supply 112, to power the resistive sensor 121 and the integrated circuit 122 respectively. In order to isolate the power supply circuit of the integrated circuit from that of the resistive sensor, a separate 5V power supply is required for the resistive sensor, which increases the complexity of the power supply and the risk of failure.

[0024] When the 5V power supply voltage of the resistive sensor R23, which is used by the microcontroller 201 to acquire sensor signals, fails, for example, in... Figure 1 If the enable pin of the power supply chip 111 of the power supply shown fails, but the power supply chip itself is not damaged, such as Figure 2As shown, the short power supply of the resistive sensor is V1 = V2 = V3 = 12V. At this time, the 12V voltage will backflow into the power supply through the resistor, damaging the power supply's integrated circuit, thus causing the power supply chip to fail, damaging the electronic controller product, and making it impossible to monitor the external resistive sensor.

[0025] To address the above issues, this application provides an electronic controller to resolve the shortcomings of existing vehicle electronic controllers that use multiple power supply voltages and the technical problem of system power supply damage caused by a single short power supply failure when using a single power supply with multiple power supply voltages.

[0026] The electronic controller and vehicle according to embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic controller provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is an equivalent circuit diagram of the electronic controller provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the electronic controller includes: a field-effect transistor combination circuit 302 and a resistive sensor 303, which are sequentially connected to a power supply chip 301. Figure 4 As shown, the field-effect transistor combination circuit includes a first field-effect transistor Q1300 and a second field-effect transistor Q1301 connected between the power supply and ground. The gate of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the drain of the second field-effect transistor, the drain of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the power supply VDD_5V, the source of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the power supply terminal VADC_5V of the resistive sensor R36, and the gate of the second field-effect transistor is connected to the voltage divider output point of the voltage divider resistor group. The voltage divider resistor group includes a first resistor R31 and a second resistor R32 connected between the power supply and ground, and the voltage divider output point is the connection point of the first resistor R31 and the second resistor R32.

[0029] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first field-effect transistor Q1300 is a P-channel MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor). MOSFETs can be simply referred to as MOS or field-effect transistors. The second field-effect transistor Q1301 is an N-channel field-effect transistor.

[0030] like Figure 4As shown, when VDD_5V is powered normally, the voltage of V7 is 4.54V, which is a high level, turning on the second field-effect transistor Q1301. The gate of the first field-effect transistor Q1300 is grounded, turning on the first field-effect transistor Q1300. At this time, VADC_5V normally powers the resistive sensor R36.

[0031] Resistive sensors are one of the earliest types of electrical parameter sensors. They come in many varieties and have a wide range of applications. Their basic principle is to convert changes in the measured physical quantity into corresponding changes in resistance. These changes are then reflected by a suitable measuring circuit. Resistive sensors are simple in structure, have good linearity and stability, and can be combined with appropriate measuring circuits to form detection systems for force, pressure, weighing, displacement, acceleration, torque, and temperature measurement. They have become an indispensable tool for production process monitoring and automation. Types of resistive sensors include resistance strain gauge sensors, potentiometer sensors, resistance temperature detectors (RTD) sensors, thermistors, photoresistors, and semiconductor resistance temperature detectors, and are not limited to these.

[0032] In this embodiment, the ambient temperature sensor, radiator inlet water temperature sensor, battery inlet water temperature sensor, and water tank inlet water temperature sensor in the new energy vehicle are all resistive sensors. For example, the temperature sensors for detecting the battery management system, the motor coil, and the battery cooling system in the new energy vehicle can all be thermistor type temperature sensors. Thermistor type sensors may also be used in components such as the air conditioning temperature control, engine coolant temperature monitoring, central locking device, sunshade top, seat adjustment soft pad, and windshield wipers in new energy vehicles.

[0033] The sensor data collected by these resistive sensors will be input to the analog acquisition port of the central processing unit (CPU), where the CPU will collect and process the sensor data.

[0034] A resistive sensor converts changes in a measured physical quantity into corresponding changes in resistance. Therefore, as long as the resistance change data can be acquired, the sensor data for the measured physical quantity can be obtained. Acquiring resistance changes requires an external power supply to the resistive sensor. Figure 2 As shown, QVR_5V serves as an external power supply to power the resistive sensor R23. With the resistance value of R21 known, monitoring the voltage change at the connection point between R21 and the resistive sensor R23 allows us to monitor the change in the resistance value of the resistive sensor.

[0035] In one application scenario where the 5V power supply voltage of the resistive sensor R23 fails, such as Figure 2 As shown, the short power supply of the resistive sensor is V1=V2=V3=12V. This will cause the 12V voltage to backflow into the power supply through the resistor, thereby causing the power supply chip to fail, damaging the electronic controller product, and making it impossible to monitor the external resistive sensor.

[0036] The technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 3 As shown, a field-effect transistor combination circuit 302 is provided between the power supply chip 301 and the resistive sensor 303. (As shown...) Figure 4 As shown, when VDD_5V is powered normally, both the second MOSFET Q1301 and the first MOSFET Q1300 in the MOSFET combination circuit 302 are turned on, and VADC_5V normally powers the resistive sensor R36. If the resistive sensor is short-circuited, V4 = V5 = 12V, V6 = 5V, and the power consumed by resistor R33 is P = (V5 - V6). 2 / 10K = 0.0049W, therefore P ≤ 1 / 16W. The 0402 package is commonly used for resistors in the automotive electronics industry, and a 0402 package can withstand a maximum power of 1 / 16W. Therefore, resistor R33 and the electronic controller will function normally without damaging the power supply chip.

[0037] When a VDD_5V power failure occurs, meaning the power supply enable fails but the power chip is not damaged, the second MOSFET Q1301 is not conducting, and the first MOSFET Q1300 is not conducting. V4 = V5 = V6 = 12V. The parasitic diode of the first MOSFET Q1300 prevents the 12V voltage from flowing back into the circuit. Figure 3 The power chip 301 shown, along with the connected communication integrated circuit 304, driver integrated circuit 306, and voltage follower 305, will only cause a VDD_5V power failure in the system, without damaging the electronic controller product, thus ensuring the reliability of the electronic controller product.

[0038] In this embodiment of the application, the electronic controller further includes a third resistor R33 connected between the power supply terminal of the resistive sensor and the resistive sensor, and a fourth resistor R34 connected between the third resistor and the central processing unit.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, the third resistor R33 and the resistive sensor R36 are connected. The third resistor R33 and the resistive sensor R36 are connected between the external power supply VADC_5V and ground. VADC_5V supplies power to the third resistor R33 and the resistive sensor R36. The central processing unit can monitor the change in the resistance value of the resistive sensor by collecting the voltage change data at the connection point of the third resistor R33 and the resistive sensor R36.

[0040] A central processing unit (CPU), also known as a microprocessor, is composed of one or more large-scale integrated circuits and has arithmetic and control functions. In a broad sense, a CPU can be any of a microcontroller, an ARM microprocessor, or a DSP (Digital Signal Processing) processor, and is not limited to these. In the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the central processing unit can be a microcontroller 307, which can be a 32-bit microcontroller.

[0041] In this embodiment, the electronic controller further includes a first capacitor C31 connected between the power supply and ground. The first capacitor is a power supply filter capacitor, which can reduce the ripple of the power supply input voltage.

[0042] In this embodiment, the electronic controller further includes a second capacitor C32 connected between the power supply terminal of the resistive sensor and ground. The second capacitor is a power supply filter capacitor, which can reduce the ripple of the power supply voltage of the resistive sensor.

[0043] In this embodiment, the electronic controller further includes a third capacitor C33 connected between the connection point of the third resistor and the fourth resistor and ground. The third capacitor is a port filter capacitor, which can filter the voltage signal equivalently converted by the resistive sensor, reducing the ripple of the voltage signal equivalently converted by the resistive sensor.

[0044] In this embodiment, the electronic controller further includes a bidirectional Zener diode D31 connected between the gate and source of the first field-effect transistor.

[0045] A bidirectional Zener diode, also known as a Zener diode, can be understood as two Zener diodes connected in reverse series. With a bidirectional Zener diode, when the voltage reaches the regulated value in both the forward and reverse directions, the voltage is clamped, the current increases dramatically, and the electrodynamic force increases; the bidirectional Zener diode acts as a damper. A bidirectional Zener diode can also provide overvoltage protection for circuits connected in parallel. When an overvoltage occurs, the bidirectional Zener diode breaks down and short-circuits first, providing bidirectional overvoltage protection for circuits connected in parallel with the Zener diode.

[0046] In this embodiment, the electronic controller further includes a fifth resistor R35 connected between the gate and source of the first field-effect transistor.

[0047] Specifically, the fifth resistor provides the initial bias voltage to the gate and source of the first field-effect transistor (FET) and also acts as a bleed resistor, connected between the gate and source of the FET. The bleed resistor serves to prevent electrostatic discharge (ESD) and avoid a high-resistance state between the gate and source of the FET, thus protecting the FET's gate and source. When the first FET is turned off, the charge accumulated on its junction capacitance can be released through the bleed resistor, preventing malfunction and damage to the FET.

[0048] In one embodiment, the power supply is a single-channel 5V power supply. Specifically, a single 5V power supply can be used to power all the downstream integrated circuits of the electronic controller that require power. These integrated circuits can be communication integrated circuits, driver integrated circuits, and voltage followers; that is, the electronic controller may include at least one of these components connected to the power supply. A single 5V power supply reduces power supply complexity, thereby further reducing the power supply failure rate. Furthermore, it saves costs, as using a single power chip with a higher load capacity is cheaper than using two power chips with lower load capacities.

[0049] In practical applications, vehicle body electronic sensors can be either voltage-type or resistive sensors. Voltage-type sensors are typically powered by voltage followers that provide the drive current and follow the voltage of the microcontroller's GPIO (General-purpose input / output) ports.

[0050] In one embodiment of this application, when the non-inverting input of an operational amplifier is connected to a voltage divider circuit, and the inverting input of the operational amplifier is connected to the output, the operational amplifier can be used as a voltage follower. A voltage follower, also known as a unity-gain buffer, can generate an output signal with an amplitude equal to the input signal. The input signal of the voltage follower is applied to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier, and the output is directly connected to the inverting input. Because the input signal is applied to the non-inverting input, inversion does not occur. Therefore, the voltage follower is a non-inverting buffer. The unity-gain operation of the voltage follower is achieved through negative feedback.

[0051] The technical solution of this application uses a single-channel power supply system protection circuit to prevent short-power failures in the analog input signals of multi-channel resistive sensors and damage to the power supply chip during reliability testing, thus ensuring the safety of the system's power supply function. Compared with existing technical solutions, it can eliminate the need for one dedicated power supply, reducing power supply complexity and further reducing the power supply failure rate. Furthermore, eliminating the need for one dedicated power supply saves costs; using a single power supply chip with a higher load capacity is cheaper than using two power supply chips with lower load capacities.

[0052] According to the electronic controller provided in the embodiments of this application, a first field-effect transistor and a second field-effect transistor are connected between the power supply and ground. When the power supply fails and the first and second field-effect transistors are turned off, the parasitic diode of the first field-effect transistor can prevent reverse voltage from being applied to the power supply chip. This can prevent the short power supply voltage of the resistive sensor from backflowing and damaging the power supply chip, thus realizing the function of the anti-reverse circuit and ensuring the reliability of the electronic controller product.

[0053] This application also provides a vehicle, including a vehicle controller, a motor controller, a drive motor, and a transmission system, as well as the electronic controller described above; the vehicle controller is used to generate motor control data based on the control signals generated by the electronic controller and send it to the motor controller; the motor controller is used to control the motion state of the drive motor through the transmission system according to the motor control data.

[0054] The vehicle in this embodiment is a new energy vehicle. The thermal management controller of a new energy vehicle needs to collect sensor signals from resistive sensors such as ambient temperature sensors, radiator inlet water temperature sensors, battery inlet water temperature sensors, and water tank inlet water temperature sensors.

[0055] In one embodiment of this application, the function of the thermal management controller can be implemented by the vehicle controller, that is, the vehicle controller provides the thermal management function as the central processing unit. The sensor signals collected by the electronic controller in the above technical solution will be directly received and processed by the vehicle controller. The resistive sensor in the electronic controller is connected to the analog signal input terminal of the vehicle controller.

[0056] In another embodiment of this application, the function of the thermal management controller can be implemented by a separate central processing unit. In this case, the thermal management controller is communicatively connected to the vehicle controller. The sensor signals collected by the electronic controller in the above technical solution are received and processed by the thermal management controller. The thermal management controller sends the processed sensor signals to the vehicle controller, so that the vehicle controller can generate motor control data based on the sensor signals, and then control the drive motor to work.

[0057] According to the vehicle provided in the embodiments of this application, the vehicle includes an electronic controller and a vehicle controller as described in the above technical solution. The electronic controller connects a first field-effect transistor (FET) and a second FET between the power supply and ground. This allows the parasitic diode of the first FET to prevent reverse voltage from being applied to the power supply chip when the power supply fails and both FETs are turned off. This prevents short-voltage backflow from resistive sensors from damaging the power supply chip, thus achieving the function of an anti-reverse circuit and ensuring the reliability of the electronic controller. The vehicle controller controls the drive motor based on the communication signals from the communication integrated circuit, the drive signals from the drive integrated circuit, and the sensor signals from the resistive and voltage sensors collected by the electronic controller, thereby improving the overall performance of the vehicle.

[0058] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An electronic controller, connected to a power supply, characterized in that, The electronic controller is used in the vehicle's thermal management system and includes a field-effect transistor combination circuit and a resistive sensor connected in sequence to the power supply; the power supply is a single-channel power supply with a power supply voltage of 5V. The field-effect transistor combination circuit includes a first field-effect transistor and a second field-effect transistor connected between the power supply and ground. The gate of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the drain of the second field-effect transistor, the drain of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the power supply, the source of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the power supply terminal of the resistive sensor, and the gate of the second field-effect transistor is connected to the voltage divider output point of a voltage divider resistor group. The voltage divider resistor group includes a first resistor and a second resistor connected between the power supply and ground, and the voltage divider output point is the connection point of the first resistor and the second resistor. The electronic controller further includes a third resistor connected between the power supply terminal of the resistive sensor and the resistive sensor, and a fourth resistor connected between the third resistor and the central processing unit. The central processing unit is used to acquire resistance value change data of the resistive sensor by detecting the voltage change at the connection point of the third resistor and the resistive sensor. When the power supply enable fails but the power chip is not damaged, the second MOSFET will not conduct, and the first MOSFET will not conduct. The parasitic diode of the first MOSFET can prevent 12V voltage from flowing back into the power chip.

2. The electronic controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic controller also includes a first capacitor connected between the power supply and ground.

3. The electronic controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic controller also includes a second capacitor connected between the power supply terminal of the resistive sensor and ground.

4. The electronic controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic controller also includes a bidirectional Zener diode connected between the gate and source of the first field-effect transistor.

5. The electronic controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic controller also includes a fifth resistor connected between the gate and source of the first field-effect transistor.

6. The electronic controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic controller also includes a third capacitor connected between the connection point of the third resistor and the fourth resistor and ground.

7. The electronic controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic controller also includes at least one of the following devices connected to the power supply: a communication integrated circuit, a driver integrated circuit, and a voltage follower.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a vehicle controller, a motor controller, a drive motor and a transmission system, and an electronic controller as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; The vehicle controller is used to generate motor control data based on the control signal generated by the electronic controller and send it to the motor controller. The motor controller is used to control the motion state of the drive motor through the transmission system according to the motor control data.

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