Metro construction monitoring method and device based on internet of things and terminal equipment thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a subway construction monitoring method and device based on the Internet of Things and a terminal device thereof, which comprises grid processing of a construction tunnel; a monitor is installed at a grid point of a monitoring grid; the monitor monitors the tunnel structure, position measurement is performed between the monitors, displacement of the monitor and mutual inclination are calculated, and data is transmitted to a central processing module through the Internet of Things; the central processing module analyzes the displacement and the inclination rate; and an analysis and early warning module early warns possible hidden dangers in a subway tunnel construction process through the damage rate. The application combines sensing technology, can monitor the settlement, inclination change and deep foundation pit deformation in the subway tunnel in real time, introduces a computer through network communication technology, overcomes the problem of poor timeliness, can feed back the data monitoring result in real time, has strong data reliability, high utilization rate, and can check the detection condition at any situation and any position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of subway construction monitoring technology, and in particular to a subway construction monitoring method, device and terminal equipment based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] With my country's rapid economic development and accelerated urbanization, urban rail transit has become a convenient mode of transportation for citizens, and large cities have now entered a peak period of subway construction. As a modern mode of transportation, the subway, with its advantages of safety, speed, low energy consumption, and low pollution, has become the mainstay of high-capacity public transportation systems. With the accelerated pace of subway construction, the excavation of subway station foundation pits and the excavation of shield tunnels inevitably affect and deform corresponding surface buildings or adjacent facilities. How to automatically and continuously monitor the deformation of existing surface buildings during the excavation and construction of various foundation pits and tunnels, thereby ensuring the safety of residents and the safety of construction work, has become a pressing problem for current urban development.

[0003] Traditional monitoring methods involve setting up monitoring points in the deformation area of ​​subway tunnels and manually measuring each point using instruments such as levels. This method has drawbacks such as long measurement times, inability to conduct remote monitoring, and inability to measure at night, making real-time monitoring difficult. Existing automatic monitoring equipment often stores monitoring data in temporary storage devices at the monitoring points, which is then manually imported into a computer. While this overcomes the problem of low accuracy in manual monitoring, it still fails to address the issue of poor timeliness. Monitoring results are delayed, data reliability and utilization are low, accuracy is poor, and the preservation and accumulation of experience are ineffective. It also prevents access to monitoring data at any time and location, posing a safety hazard to the foundation pit. Furthermore, it hinders the implementation of targeted deformation control measures. Given the importance of subways to national production and daily life, and the potentially serious consequences of subway accidents, ensuring the safety of subway construction has become a crucial issue that subway projects must address. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a subway construction monitoring method, device and terminal equipment based on the Internet of Things, which enables real-time monitoring and transmission of monitoring results, and has high data reliability.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] The IoT-based subway construction monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. First, measure the dimensions of the construction site and then grid the construction tunnel so that the top of the construction tunnel becomes a planar monitoring grid.

[0008] S2. Using positioning technology, construction workers install monitors at grid points of the monitoring grid and install a monitor on the ground of the tunnel construction section. Multiple monitors, data acquisition and transmission modules, central processing modules and analysis and early warning modules are used to form an Internet of Things network.

[0009] S3. The monitors monitor the tunnel structure, measure each other's positions, calculate their own displacement and mutual tilt angles, and transmit the data to the central processing module via the Internet of Things.

[0010] S4. The central processing module processes the data transmitted by the monitor, analyzes the rate of change of displacement and tilt angle, and then identifies the location, degree and rate of damage after tunnel section.

[0011] S5, the analysis and early warning module provides early warnings of potential hazards that may arise during the construction of subway tunnels by analyzing the damage rate.

[0012] Preferably, in step S3, the monitors monitor the tunnel structure, and the monitors measure each other's positions, calculating their own displacements and mutual tilt angles. The specific steps are as follows:

[0013] S31. The monitor performs periodic measurements at fixed intervals, and stores the straight-line distance characteristic data between the top monitor A of one of the construction tunnels and the monitor on the ground of the construction section of the tunnel into a set A = {A1, A2, A3, ..., A...}. n}; The distance characteristic data between the adjacent monitor B of the top monitor of the construction tunnel and the monitor on the ground of the construction section of the tunnel are placed into the set B = {B1, B2, B3, ..., B}. n};

[0014] Where n represents the nth time period;

[0015] S32. Through the Internet of Things (IoT) positioning system, the horizontal distance between positioning monitor A and the monitor on the ground of the tunnel construction section is a = {a1, a2, a3, ..., a...}. n The horizontal distance between the positioning monitor B and the monitor on the ground of the tunnel construction section is b = {b1, b2, b3, ..., b}. n};

[0016] S33. Calculate the following using the data measured in steps S31 and S32:

[0017]

[0018]

[0019] Wherein, distance H An and HBn These represent the distances of monitor A and monitor B from the ground, respectively.

[0020] And the calculated H An and H Bn Import collection to: H A ={H A1 H A2 H A3 H An};H B ={H B1 H B2 H B3 H Bn};

[0021] S34. Calculate the transformation rate:

[0022]

[0023]

[0024] Among them, V A V represents the rate of change in sedimentation of monitor A. B The rate of change of sedimentation of monitor B, where t represents the fixed time for the monitor to perform phased measurements;

[0025] S35, via V A and V B We will assess whether there are any potential risks and issue an early warning.

[0026] Preferably, in step S35, V is used A and V B To assess whether there are potential risks and issue an early warning, the following steps are taken:

[0027] S351, V A and V B Perform a comparison;

[0028] When Q>V A / V B When P is reached, it indicates that the settlement rate above the subway tunnel is within a safe range.

[0029] Where Q represents the maximum settlement rate above the subway tunnel, and P represents the minimum settlement rate above the subway tunnel.

[0030] When V A >V B If the value is greater than Q, it indicates that the settlement rate above the subway tunnel is not within the safe range, and the settlement rate on monitor A is faster than that on monitor B.

[0031] When V B>V A If the value is greater than Q, it indicates that the settlement rate above the subway tunnel is not within a safe range, and the settlement rate on monitor B is faster than that on monitor A.

[0032] S352. Distance measurement is performed between monitor A and monitor B to obtain set C = {C1, C2, C3, ..., C}. n}; Perform symmetric cosine calculation between monitor A and monitor B;

[0033]

[0034] Wherein, cosθ n Let cosine be the value obtained from the nth data point in the t-th time interval.

[0035] S353. Compare the calculated cosine value with the set cosine value.

[0036] When M>cosθ n If the angle is greater than N, it means that the tilt angle above the subway tunnel is within a safe range;

[0037] Where M represents the maximum tilt angle above the subway tunnel, and N represents the minimum tilt angle above the subway tunnel;

[0038] When cosθ n If it is not within the range of [M, N], it means that the tilt angle above the subway tunnel is not within the safe range;

[0039] S353. Combining steps S351 and S352, issue an early warning for areas above the subway tunnel.

[0040] Preferably, in step S4, the central processing module processes the data transmitted by the monitors, analyzes the rate of change of displacement and tilt angle, and then identifies the location, degree of damage and rate of damage after tunnel section. This is done by comparing the settlement rate V and cosine value cosθ between adjacent monitors at different locations. If a potential hazard occurs, multiple monitors will be in an early warning state. The location of the monitors in the early warning state is obtained through the Internet of Things positioning system and monitoring grid, and an early warning is issued.

[0041] Preferably, if during maintenance, if the worker finds that the monitor in the warning state center has not experienced any potential hazards, then the physical network positioning technology is used to mark the possible locations of potential hazards from the center monitor outwards in a ring.

[0042] Preferably, during a hazard warning process, the Internet of Things records the hazard warning and updates the data iteratively, serving as a reference for the next hazard warning.

[0043] The IoT-based subway construction monitoring device includes:

[0044] The monitor, wherein the sensors are installed at the intersections of the monitoring grid;

[0045] The data acquisition and transmission module includes a data receiving unit, a data relay unit, and a data transmitting unit. The data acquisition unit receives and transmits the data measured by the monitor.

[0046] The central processing module receives the data transmitted by the data acquisition and transmission module; performs calculations on the data between each adjacent monitor; and transmits the data to the data acquisition and transmission module.

[0047] The analysis and early warning module receives information from the central processing module through the data acquisition and transmission module, analyzes the data in the central processing module, and issues early warnings.

[0048] Preferably, the monitor includes a monitor transmitting module and a monitor receiving module for measuring the distance between the monitors;

[0049] Temperature and humidity sensors are used to monitor temperature and humidity in subway tunnels.

[0050] Preferably, the central processing module also includes a monitoring grid generation module, which is used to generate a data grid in the subway tunnel to ensure the accuracy of subsequent measurements.

[0051] The subway construction monitoring terminal equipment based on the Internet of Things is characterized by including at least one computer, a cloud computer platform, and a computer program, wherein the computer and the cloud computer platform execute the steps of the above method.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0053] 1. The subway construction monitoring method proposed in this invention is based on the Internet of Things network formed by subway construction monitoring devices. Combined with sensing technology, it can monitor settlement, tilt changes and deep foundation pit deformation in subway tunnels in real time. By importing the data into a computer through network communication technology, the problem of poor timeliness is overcome. The data monitoring results can be fed back in real time, with strong data reliability and high utilization rate. The detection status can be viewed in any situation and at any location.

[0054] 2. This invention forms a monitoring grid by setting up multiple monitors and an Internet of Things positioning system. The monitors transmit information to each other and perform measurement work. This not only enables comprehensive monitoring of safety hazards in subway tunnels, but also allows for prediction and early warning of potential safety hazards through data verification. It also enables tracking of dangerous processes and parts, facilitating inspection and maintenance by staff.

[0055] 3. By measuring the rate of change of settlement rate and tilt angle of multiple monitors, this invention can accurately reflect the safety status of the monitoring grid area corresponding to the monitors. The analysis and early warning module can predict safety hazards based on the rate of change of settlement rate and tilt angle of multiple monitors, allowing people to intuitively understand the situation. Attached Figure Description

[0056] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0057] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] Please see Figures 1 to 2 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0061] The method for monitoring subway construction based on the Internet of Things is characterized by the following steps:

[0062] S1. First, measure the dimensions of the construction site and then grid the construction tunnel so that the top of the construction tunnel becomes a planar monitoring grid.

[0063] S2. Using positioning technology, construction workers install monitors at grid points of the monitoring grid and install a monitor on the ground of the tunnel construction section. Multiple monitors, data acquisition and transmission modules, central processing modules and analysis and early warning modules are used to form an Internet of Things network.

[0064] S3. The monitors monitor the tunnel structure, measure each other's positions, calculate their own displacement and mutual inclination angles, and transmit the data to the central processing module via the Internet of Things; S31. The monitors perform periodic measurements at fixed intervals, and store the straight-line distance characteristic data between one of the monitoring devices at the top of the construction tunnel (A) and the monitoring device on the ground of the construction section of the tunnel into a set A = {A1, A2, A3, ..., A...}. n}; The distance characteristic data between the adjacent monitor B of the top monitor of the construction tunnel and the monitor on the ground of the construction section of the tunnel are placed into the set B = {B1, B2, B3, ..., B}. n};

[0065] Where n represents the nth time period;

[0066] S32. Through the Internet of Things (IoT) positioning system, the horizontal distance between positioning monitor A and the monitor on the ground of the tunnel construction section is a = {a1, a2, a3, ..., a...}. n The horizontal distance between the positioning monitor B and the monitor on the ground of the tunnel construction section is b = {b1, b2, b3, ..., b}. n};

[0067] S33. Calculate the following using the data measured in steps S31 and S32:

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] Wherein, distance H An and H Bn These represent the distances of monitor A and monitor B from the ground, respectively.

[0071] And the calculated H An and H Bn Import collection to: H A ={H A1 H A2 H A3 H An};H B ={H B1 H B2 H B3 H Bn};

[0072] S34. Calculate the transformation rate:

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] Among them, V A V represents the rate of change in sedimentation of monitor A. B The rate of change of sedimentation of monitor B, where t represents the fixed time for the monitor to perform phased measurements;

[0076] S35, via V A and V B We will assess whether there are any potential risks and issue an early warning.

[0077] S351, V A and V B Perform a comparison;

[0078] When Q>V A / V B When the value is greater than P, it indicates that the settlement rate above the subway tunnel is within a safe range.

[0079] Where Q represents the maximum settlement rate above the subway tunnel, and P represents the minimum settlement rate above the subway tunnel.

[0080] When V A >V B If the value is greater than Q, it indicates that the settlement rate above the subway tunnel is not within the safe range, and the settlement rate on monitor A is faster than that on monitor B.

[0081] When V B >V A If the value is greater than Q, it indicates that the settlement rate above the subway tunnel is not within a safe range, and the settlement rate on monitor B is faster than that on monitor A.

[0082] S352. Distance measurement is performed between monitor A and monitor B to obtain set C = {C1, C2, C3, ..., C}. n}; Perform symmetric cosine calculation between monitor A and monitor B;

[0083]

[0084] Wherein, cosθ n Let cosine be the value obtained from the nth data point in the t-th time interval.

[0085] S353. Compare the calculated cosine value with the set cosine value.

[0086] When M>cosθ n If the angle is greater than N, it means that the tilt angle above the subway tunnel is within a safe range;

[0087] Where M represents the maximum tilt angle above the subway tunnel, and N represents the minimum tilt angle above the subway tunnel;

[0088] When cosθ n If it is not within the range of [M, N], it means that the tilt angle above the subway tunnel is not within the safe range;

[0089] S353. Combining steps S351 and S352, issue an early warning for areas above the subway tunnel.

[0090] S4. The central processing module processes the data transmitted by the monitors, analyzes the rate of change of displacement and tilt angle, and then identifies the location, degree, and rate of post-tunnel damage. This is achieved by comparing the settlement rate V and cosine value cosθ between adjacent monitors at different locations. If a potential hazard is detected, multiple monitors will issue an early warning. The location of monitors in the early warning state is obtained through the IoT positioning system and monitoring grid, and an early warning is issued.

[0091] S5, the analysis and early warning module, provides early warnings of potential hazards during subway tunnel construction based on damage rate. During a hazard warning process, the Internet of Things (IoT) records the warning and iteratively updates the data, serving as a reference for the next warning.

[0092] The subway construction monitoring method proposed in this invention is based on an Internet of Things network formed by subway construction monitoring devices. Combined with sensing technology, it can monitor settlement, tilt changes and deep foundation pit deformation in subway tunnels in real time. By importing the data into a computer through network communication technology, the problem of poor timeliness is overcome. The data monitoring results can be fed back in real time, with high data reliability and high utilization rate. The detection status can be viewed in any situation and at any location.

[0093] In another scenario, if workers discover during maintenance that the monitor at the center of the warning system is not experiencing any potential hazards, they can use physical network positioning technology to mark the locations of possible hazards in a ring-like pattern from the central monitor outwards.

[0094] The IoT-based subway construction monitoring device is characterized by comprising: a monitor, wherein the sensors are installed at the intersections of the monitoring grid; a monitor transmitting module and a monitor receiving module for measuring the distance between the monitors; and a temperature and humidity sensor for monitoring the temperature and humidity in the subway tunnel.

[0095] The system includes a data acquisition and transmission module, comprising a data receiving unit, a data relay unit, and a data transmitting unit. The data acquisition unit receives and transmits data measured by the monitors. A central processing module receives data transmitted by the data acquisition and transmission module. The central processing module also includes a monitoring grid generation module, used to generate a data grid in the subway tunnel to ensure the accuracy of subsequent measurements. It performs calculations on the data between each adjacent monitor and transmits the data to the data acquisition and transmission module. Finally, an analysis and early warning module receives information from the central processing module through the data acquisition and transmission module, analyzes the data in the central processing module, and issues early warnings.

[0096] The IoT-based subway construction monitoring terminal equipment includes at least one computer, a cloud computing platform, and computer programs, wherein the computer and the cloud computing platform execute the steps of the above method.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A subway construction monitoring method based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. First, measure the dimensions of the construction site and then grid the construction tunnel so that the top of the construction tunnel becomes a flat monitoring grid. S2. Using positioning technology, construction workers install monitors at grid points of the monitoring grid and install a monitor on the ground of the tunnel construction section. Multiple monitors, data acquisition and transmission modules, central processing modules and analysis and early warning modules are used to form an Internet of Things network. S3. The monitors monitor the tunnel structure, measure each other's positions, calculate their own displacement and mutual tilt angles, and transmit the data to the central processing module via the Internet of Things. S4. The central processing module processes the data transmitted by the monitor, analyzes the rate of change of its displacement and tilt angle, and then identifies the location, degree of damage and rate of damage to the tunnel structure. S5. The analysis and early warning module provides early warnings of potential hazards during subway tunnel construction based on damage rate; Step S3: The monitors monitor the tunnel structure, and the monitors measure each other's positions, calculating their own displacements and mutual tilt angles. Specific steps are as follows: S31. The monitor performs periodic measurements at fixed intervals, and stores the straight-line distance characteristic data between the top monitor A of one of the construction tunnels and the monitor on the ground of the construction section of the tunnel into a set. The distance characteristic data between the adjacent monitor B of the top monitor of the construction tunnel and the monitor on the ground of the construction section of the tunnel are put into the set. ; S32. Through the Internet of Things and positioning technology, the horizontal distance between positioning monitor A and the monitor on the ground of the tunnel construction section is... The horizontal distance between positioning monitor B and the monitor on the ground of the tunnel construction section is... ; S33. Calculate the following using the data measured in steps S31 and S32: Among them, distance and These represent the distances of monitor A and monitor B from the ground, respectively. and the calculated and Import collection to: ; ; S34. Calculate the rate of change: in, This indicates the rate of sedimentation change of monitor A. The rate of change of sedimentation of monitor B, where t represents the fixed time for the monitor to perform phased measurements; S35, Through and Make an assessment to determine if there are any potential risks and issue an early warning; In step S35, through and To assess whether there are potential risks and issue an early warning, the following steps are taken: S351, will and Perform a comparison; When Q> / When the value is greater than P, it indicates that the settlement rate above the subway tunnel is within a safe range. Where Q represents the maximum settlement rate above the subway tunnel, and P represents the minimum settlement rate above the subway tunnel. when > If the value is greater than Q, it indicates that the settlement rate above the subway tunnel is not within the safe range, and the settlement rate on monitor A is faster than that on monitor B. when > If the value is greater than Q, it indicates that the settlement rate above the subway tunnel is not within a safe range, and the settlement rate on monitor B is faster than that on monitor A. S352, Distance measurement is performed between monitor A and monitor B to obtain the set. ;Calculate the cosine value between monitor A and monitor B; in, Let cosine be the value obtained from the nth data point in the t-th time interval. S353. Compare the calculated cosine value with the set cosine value. When M> If the angle is greater than N, it means that the tilt angle above the subway tunnel is within a safe range; Where M represents the maximum tilt angle above the subway tunnel, and N represents the minimum tilt angle above the subway tunnel; when If it is not within the range of [M, N], it means that the tilt angle above the subway tunnel is not within the safe range; S353. Combining steps S351 and S352, issue an early warning for areas above the subway tunnel.

2. A subway construction monitoring device based on the Internet of Things (IoT), adapted to the subway construction monitoring method based on the IoT as described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: A monitor, which is installed at a grid point of the monitoring grid; The data acquisition and transmission module includes a data receiving unit, a data relay unit, and a data transmitting unit. The data acquisition and transmission module receives and transmits the data measured by the monitor. The central processing module receives the data transmitted by the data acquisition and transmission module; performs calculations on the data between each adjacent monitor; and transmits the data to the data acquisition and transmission module. The analysis and early warning module receives information from the central processing module through the data acquisition and transmission module, analyzes the data in the central processing module, and issues early warnings.

3. The subway construction monitoring device based on the Internet of Things according to claim 2, characterized in that, The monitor includes a monitor transmitting module and a monitor receiving module, used for ranging between the monitors; Temperature and humidity sensors are used to monitor temperature and humidity in subway tunnels.

4. The subway construction monitoring device based on the Internet of Things according to claim 2, characterized in that: The central processing module also includes a monitoring grid generation module, which generates a data grid in the subway tunnel to ensure the accuracy of subsequent measurements.

5. A subway construction monitoring terminal device based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that: It includes at least one computer, a cloud computing platform, and a computer program, wherein the computer and the cloud computing platform perform the steps of the method of claim 1.

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