Totally enclosed hydraulic damper and method of damping

Abstract

A fully enclosed hydraulic damper and damping method are proposed. Domestic hydraulic dampers are all composed of cylinders, pistons, control valves, springs, and polymer rubber, etc. They all have problems such as rubber aging and oil leakage, easy damage to springs, short equipment life, and the need for regular testing. The reliability of hydraulic dampers is not high, which poses a hidden danger to the safe operation of equipment. This invention includes: a piston rod; an inner cylinder connected to the outer side of the piston rod; an inner cylinder end cap connected to one side of the inner cylinder; a spacer connected to the outer side of the inner cylinder; an outer cylinder connected to the outer side of the inner cylinder; a sleeve connected to the outer side of the outer cylinder; a piston rod connected to one side of the sleeve; an outer cylinder end cap connected to one side of the outer cylinder; a first bellows sleeve fitted onto the outer side of the piston rod; the sleeve and outer cylinder connected to both sides of the first bellows; a third bellows sleeve between the spacer and the outer cylinder end cap; the third bellows sleeved on the outer side of the inner cylinder; the spacer and outer cylinder end cap connected to both sides of the third bellows; a second bellows sleeved on the outer side of the inner cylinder; the spacer and outer cylinder connected to both sides of the second bellows; and a sealing ring between the piston rod and the inner cylinder. This invention solves the problems of oil leakage due to aging of polymer rubber in traditional dampers, easy damage to springs, short equipment life, the need for periodic testing, and low operational reliability of hydraulic dampers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power generation, and more particularly to a fully enclosed hydraulic damper and a method for damping using the damper. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, domestic hydraulic dampers are composed of cylinders, pistons, control valves, springs, and polymer rubber, and all suffer from problems such as rubber aging and oil leakage, easy spring damage, short equipment life, and the need for regular testing. The reliability of hydraulic dampers is not high, which poses a hidden danger to the safe operation of the equipment and is not economical. A device is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a fully enclosed hydraulic damper that features an externally fully enclosed design, an internal metal ring seal, multi-stage damping in series, requires no maintenance or testing, and exhibits significant locking and low-speed friction resistance effects.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A fully enclosed hydraulic damper includes a piston rod. An inner cylinder is connected to the outer side of the piston rod. An inner cylinder end cap is connected to one side of the inner cylinder. A spacer is connected to the outer side of the inner cylinder. An outer cylinder is connected to the outer side of the inner cylinder. A sleeve is connected to the outer side of the outer cylinder. The piston rod is connected to one side of the sleeve. An outer cylinder end cap is connected to one side of the outer cylinder. A first bellows is fitted onto the outer side of the piston rod. The sleeve and the outer cylinder are connected to both sides of the first bellows. A third bellows is provided between the spacer and the outer cylinder end cap. The third bellows is fitted onto the outer side of the inner cylinder. The spacer and the outer cylinder end cap are connected to both sides of the third bellows. A second bellows is provided between the spacer and the outer cylinder. The second bellows is fitted outside the inner cylinder. The two sides of the second bellows are connected to the spacer and the outer cylinder. A sealing ring is provided between the piston rod and the inner cylinder. When the piston rod moves to the right, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cover enters the space between the inner cylinder end cover and the outer cylinder end cover through the hole in the inner cylinder end cover. The hydraulic oil between the inner cylinder end cover and the outer cylinder end cover enters the third bellows through the gap between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder end cover. The hydraulic oil between the second bellows enters the first bellows through the gap between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The hydraulic oil in the first bellows enters the space between the piston rod and the inner cylinder through the gap between the piston rod and the inner cylinder. The hydraulic oil generates resistance when passing through each gap.

[0005] The aforementioned fully enclosed hydraulic damper includes a sealing ring on the outer side of the piston rod, which forms a mechanical seal between the piston rod and the inner cylinder. The sealing ring is made of metal. One side of the piston rod has an axial hole in the axial direction, and radial holes are provided on both sides of the axial hole. The piston rod is slidably connected to the inner cylinder.

[0006] The aforementioned fully enclosed hydraulic damper has an inner cylinder end cap fixedly connected to one side of the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder end cap having an inner cylinder end cap hole in the middle, and a spacer slidably connected to the outer side of the inner cylinder.

[0007] The fully enclosed hydraulic damper includes an inner cylinder slidably connected to the inner side of an outer cylinder, an outer cylinder end cap fixedly connected to one side of the outer cylinder, and a seal formed between the outer cylinder end cap and the outer cylinder by welding. A third bellows is provided between the spacer and the outer cylinder end cap, and the third bellows is sleeved on the outside of the inner cylinder. The spacer and the outer cylinder end cap are connected on both sides of the third bellows by welding. A second bellows is provided between the spacer and the outer cylinder, and the second bellows is sleeved on the outside of the inner cylinder. The spacer and the outer cylinder are connected on both sides of the second bellows by welding.

[0008] The fully enclosed hydraulic damper described above includes a sleeve that is fixedly connected to a piston rod. The sleeve and piston rod can be completely sealed by welding. A first bellows is provided between the sleeve and the outer cylinder. The first bellows is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod. The two sides of the first bellows are fixedly connected to the end face of the outer cylinder and the inside of the sleeve, respectively. The first bellows and the piston rod, sleeve, and outer cylinder are sealed from this point.

[0009] A method for damping using the aforementioned fully enclosed hydraulic damper, wherein the left side of the piston rod is connected to a vibration source and the right side of the outer cylinder end cap is connected to a foundation, and when a sudden load is applied to the piston rod, the piston rod and the sleeve generate relative displacement relative to the outer cylinder; When the piston rod moves to the right, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cover generates instantaneous high pressure. The internal hydraulic oil quickly enters the piston rod through the radial hole on the inner right side of the piston rod. The hydraulic oil enters from both ports of the radial hole on the right side of the piston rod at the same time. The hydraulic oil entering from both sides of the radial hole on the piston rod has the same speed and opposite direction. When the two hydraulic oils meet, they collide. The colliding hydraulic oils generate turbulence and greater resistance, causing no or very little hydraulic oil to enter the space between the piston rod and the left side of the inner cylinder through the axial hole of the piston rod, and the damper achieves locking. When the piston rod moves to the left, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder generates a high pressure. The internal hydraulic oil quickly enters the piston rod through the radial hole on the left side of the piston rod. The hydraulic oil enters from both ports of the radial hole on the left side of the piston rod at the same time. The hydraulic oil entering from both sides of the radial hole has the same speed and opposite direction. When the two hydraulic oils meet, they collide. The colliding hydraulic oil generates turbulence and greater resistance, causing no or very little hydraulic oil to enter the space between the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cover through the radial hole of the piston rod, and the damper achieves locking. When a slow load is applied to the piston rod, a low-speed friction function is achieved. The spacer is pushed to the left. The hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder enters the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cover from the left piston rod radial hole, the piston rod axial hole, and the right piston rod radial hole to form a closed loop. The hydraulic oil generates resistance when passing through each gap, thereby achieving the low-speed friction function. Bellows No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 can absorb or supplement changes in the hydraulic oil and play a damping role at the same time. When the piston rod moves to the left, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder enters the first bellows through the gap between the piston rod and the inner cylinder. The hydraulic oil in the first bellows enters the second bellows through the gap between the inner and outer cylinders. The spacer is pushed to the right. The hydraulic oil in the third bellows enters the space between the inner and outer cylinder end caps through the gap between the inner and outer cylinder end caps. The hydraulic oil between the inner and outer cylinder end caps enters the space between the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cap through the hole in the inner cylinder end cap. The hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cap enters the space between the piston rod and the inner cylinder through the radial hole on the right piston rod, the axial hole on the piston rod, and the radial hole on the left piston rod, forming a closed loop. The hydraulic oil generates resistance when passing through each gap, thus achieving the function of low-speed friction. The first, second, and third bellows activate the buffering function, which can absorb or supplement changes in the hydraulic oil, and at the same time activate the damping function.

[0010] When using this device for damping, the left side of the piston rod 110 is connected to the vibration source, and the right side of the outer cylinder end cover 160 is connected to the foundation. When a sudden load is applied to the piston rod 110, the piston rod 110 and the sleeve 170 are relatively displaced relative to the outer cylinder 140. When the piston rod 110 moves to the right, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder end cover 150 generates a sudden high pressure. The internal hydraulic oil quickly enters the piston rod 110 through the radial hole 112 on the inner right side of the piston rod. The hydraulic oil enters from both ports of the radial hole 112 on the right side of the piston rod at the same speed and opposite direction. When the two hydraulic oils meet, they collide. The colliding hydraulic oils generate turbulence and greater resistance, resulting in no or very little hydraulic oil entering the space between the piston rod 110 and the left side of the inner cylinder 130 through the axial hole 111 of the piston rod, thus locking the damper.

[0011] When the piston rod 110 moves to the left, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130 generates a high pressure. The internal hydraulic oil quickly enters the piston rod 110 through the radial hole 112 on the left side of the piston rod. The hydraulic oil enters from both ports of the radial hole 112 on the left side of the piston rod at the same time. The hydraulic oil entering from both sides of the radial hole 112 has the same speed and opposite direction. When the two hydraulic oils meet, they collide. The colliding hydraulic oils generate turbulence and greater resistance, causing no or very little hydraulic oil to enter the space between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder end cover 150 through the axial hole 111 of the piston rod, and the damper achieves locking.

[0012] When a slow load is applied to the piston rod 110, a low-speed friction function is achieved. When the piston rod 110 moves to the right, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder end cover 150 enters between the inner cylinder end cover 150 and the outer cylinder end cover 160 through the inner cylinder end cover hole 151. The hydraulic oil between the inner cylinder end cover 150 and the outer cylinder end cover 160 flows from the inner cylinder 130 and the outer cylinder end cover 160. The hydraulic oil enters the third bellows 220 through the gap between the two bellows 210, and the spacer 190 is pushed to the left. The hydraulic oil in the first bellows 120 enters the gap between the inner cylinder 130 and the outer cylinder 140 through the gap between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130. The hydraulic oil in the first bellows 120 enters the space between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130 through the gap between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130. The hydraulic oil between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130 enters the space between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder end cap 150 through the left piston rod radial hole 112, the piston rod axial hole 111, and the right piston rod radial hole 112 to form a closed loop. The hydraulic oil generates resistance when passing through each gap, thereby achieving the function of low-speed friction. The first bellows 120, the second bellows 210, and the third bellows 220 can absorb or supplement the changes in hydraulic oil and at the same time play a damping role.

[0013] When the piston rod 110 moves to the left, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130 enters the first bellows 120 through the gap between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130. The hydraulic oil in the first bellows 120 enters the second bellows 210 through the gap between the inner cylinder 130 and the outer cylinder 140. The spacer 190 is pushed to the right. The hydraulic oil in the third bellows 220 enters the space between the inner cylinder end cap 150 and the outer cylinder end cap 160 through the gap between the inner cylinder 130 and the outer cylinder 140. The hydraulic oil between the inner cylinder end cap 150 and the outer cylinder end cap 160 enters the space between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder end cap 150 through the inner cylinder end cap hole 151. The hydraulic oil between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder end cover 150 enters the space between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130 through the right piston rod radial hole 112, the piston rod axial hole 111, and the left piston rod radial hole 112, forming a closed loop. The hydraulic oil generates resistance when passing through each gap, thereby achieving the function of low-speed friction. The first bellows 120, the second bellows 210, and the third bellows 220 activate the buffering function, which can absorb or supplement changes in the hydraulic oil, and at the same time activate the damping function. Beneficial effects

[0014] When using this device, the left side of the piston rod is connected to the vibration source, and the right side of the outer cylinder end cover is connected to the foundation. When a sudden load is applied to the piston rod, the piston rod and the sleeve will have relative displacement with respect to the outer cylinder. When the piston rod moves to the right, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cover will generate a sudden high pressure. The internal hydraulic oil will quickly enter the piston rod through the axial hole on the right side of the piston rod. The hydraulic oil will enter from both ports of the axial hole on the right side of the piston rod at the same time. The hydraulic oil entering from both sides of the axial hole on the piston rod has the same speed and opposite direction. When the two hydraulic oils meet, they will collide. The colliding hydraulic oil will generate turbulence and greater resistance, resulting in no or very little hydraulic oil entering the space between the piston rod and the left side of the inner cylinder through the radial hole of the piston rod. The damper will achieve locking.

[0015] When the piston rod moves to the left, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder generates a rapid high pressure. The internal hydraulic oil quickly enters the piston rod through the axial hole on the left side of the piston rod. The hydraulic oil enters from both ports of the axial hole on the left side of the piston rod at the same time. The hydraulic oil entering from both sides of the axial hole of the piston rod has the same speed and opposite direction. When the two hydraulic oils meet, they collide. The colliding hydraulic oils generate turbulence and greater resistance, causing no or very little hydraulic oil to enter the space between the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cover through the radial hole of the piston rod, and the damper achieves locking.

[0016] When a slow load is applied to the piston rod, low-speed friction is achieved. When the piston rod moves to the right, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cover enters the space between the inner and outer cylinder end covers through the inner cylinder end cover hole. The hydraulic oil between the inner and outer cylinder end covers enters the No. 3 bellows through the gap between the inner and outer cylinder end covers. The spacer is pushed to the left. The hydraulic oil between the No. 2 bellows enters the No. 1 bellows through the gap between the inner and outer cylinders. The hydraulic oil in the No. 1 bellows enters the space between the piston rod and the inner cylinder through the gap between the piston rod and the inner cylinder. The hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder enters the space between the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cover through the left piston rod axial hole, the piston rod radial hole, and the right piston rod axial hole, forming a closed loop. The hydraulic oil generates resistance when passing through each gap, thus achieving the function of low-speed friction. The No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 bellows can absorb or supplement changes in the hydraulic oil and also play a damping role.

[0017] When the piston rod moves to the left, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder enters the first bellows through the gap between the piston rod and the inner cylinder. The hydraulic oil in the first bellows enters the second bellows through the gap between the inner and outer cylinders. The spacer is pushed to the right. The hydraulic oil in the third bellows enters the space between the inner and outer cylinder end caps through the gap between the inner and outer cylinders. The hydraulic oil between the inner and outer cylinder end caps enters the space between the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cap through the hole in the inner cylinder end cap. The hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cap enters the space between the piston rod and the inner cylinder through the right piston rod axial hole, the piston rod radial hole, and the left piston rod axial hole, forming a closed loop. The hydraulic oil generates resistance when passing through each gap, thus achieving the function of low-speed friction. The first, second, and third bellows activate the buffering function, which can absorb or supplement changes in the hydraulic oil, and at the same time activate the damping function.

[0018] The internal piston rod and inner cylinder of this device are sealed by a metal sealing ring, avoiding the aging problems of rubber seals and extending the device's lifespan. It requires no maintenance or testing. Simultaneously, the gap between the sealing ring and the piston rod / inner cylinder creates a damping effect. The device's fully enclosed external design offers the following advantages: First, the hydraulic oil is completely sealed inside, preventing leakage and oxidation. Second, it prevents steam, water, and foreign matter from entering the device, thus avoiding deterioration of the internal hydraulic oil or corrosion and damage to internal components. This fully enclosed structure significantly extends the device's lifespan and further eliminates unnecessary maintenance and testing. The device utilizes the axial bore of the piston rod for locking; hydraulic oil enters simultaneously from both ports of the axial bore. The hydraulic oil entering from both sides of the piston rod radial hole has the same speed but opposite direction. When the two hydraulic oil streams meet, they collide, and the colliding hydraulic oil generates turbulence and resistance, resulting in a lock-in effect. This causes little or no hydraulic oil to pass through the piston rod radial hole, greatly improving the lock-in effect. This device utilizes the friction generated by the hydraulic oil flowing between the gaps of the internal components to achieve the low-speed friction function. Each gap generates friction, forming a multi-stage damping effect, which significantly improves the damping effect. Bellows No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 can absorb or supplement changes in the hydraulic oil and also play a damping role. Under low-speed friction conditions, it can also avoid local vacuum caused by inconsistent oil flow through the gaps, which would affect the low-speed friction function. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fully enclosed hydraulic damper structure described in this invention. Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: (Refer to...) Figure 1A fully enclosed hydraulic damper includes a piston rod 110, an inner cylinder 130 connected to the outside of the piston rod 110, an inner cylinder end cap 150 connected to one side of the inner cylinder 130, a spacer 190 connected to the outside of the inner cylinder 130, an outer cylinder 140 connected to the outside of the inner cylinder 130, a sleeve 170 connected to the outside of the outer cylinder 140, a piston rod 110 connected to one side of the sleeve 170, an outer cylinder end cap 160 connected to one side of the outer cylinder 140, a first bellows 120 fitted onto the outside of the piston rod 110, a sleeve 170 and an outer cylinder 140 connected to both sides of the first bellows 120, and a third bellows 220 disposed between the spacer 190 and the outer cylinder end cap 160. A third bellows pipe 220 is fitted onto the outside of the inner cylinder 130. The third bellows pipe 220 connects to the spacer sleeve 190 and the outer cylinder end cap 160 on both sides. A second bellows pipe 210 is installed between the spacer sleeve 190 and the outer cylinder 140. The second bellows pipe 210 is fitted onto the outside of the inner cylinder 130. The second bellows pipe 210 connects to the spacer sleeve 190 and the outer cylinder 140 on both sides. A sealing ring 180 is installed between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130. (Reference) Figure 1 A sealing ring 180 is provided on the outer side of the piston rod 110. The piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130 form a mechanical seal through the sealing ring 180. The sealing ring 180 is made of metal. One side of the piston rod 110 is provided with a piston rod axial hole 111 in the axial direction. Radial piston rod radial holes 112 are provided on both sides of the piston rod axial hole 111. The piston rod 110 is slidably connected to the inner cylinder 130.

[0021] refer to Figure 1 The inner cylinder 130 is fixedly connected to an inner cylinder end cap 150 on one side. The inner cylinder end cap 150 has an inner cylinder end cap hole 151 in the middle. The inner cylinder 130 is slidably connected to a spacer 190 on the outside.

[0022] refer to Figure 1 The outer cylinder 140 is slidably connected to the inner cylinder 130. An outer cylinder end cap 160 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer cylinder 140. The outer cylinder end cap 160 and the outer cylinder 140 are sealed by welding. A third bellows 220 is provided between the spacer 190 and the outer cylinder end cap 160. The third bellows 220 is fitted over the outer side of the inner cylinder 130. The spacer 190 and the outer cylinder end cap 160 are connected by welding on both sides of the third bellows 220. A second bellows 210 is provided between the spacer 190 and the outer cylinder 140. The second bellows 210 is fitted over the outer side of the inner cylinder 130. The spacer 190 and the outer cylinder 140 are connected by welding on both sides of the third bellows 220. (Reference) Figure 1The sleeve 170 is fixedly connected to the piston rod 110 and the outer cylinder 140. The sleeve 170 and the piston rod 110 can be completely sealed by welding. A first bellows 120 is provided between the sleeve 170 and the outer cylinder 140. The first bellows 120 is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod 110. The two sides of the first bellows 120 are fixedly connected to the end face of the outer cylinder 140 and the inside of the sleeve 170, respectively. The first bellows 120 is sealed to the piston rod 110, the sleeve 170 and the outer cylinder 140.

[0023] When using this device for damping, the left side of the piston rod 110 is connected to the vibration source, and the right side of the outer cylinder end cover 160 is connected to the foundation. When a sudden load is applied to the piston rod 110, the piston rod 110 and the sleeve 170 are relatively displaced relative to the outer cylinder 140. When the piston rod 110 moves to the right, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder end cover 150 generates a sudden high pressure. The internal hydraulic oil quickly enters the piston rod 110 through the radial hole 112 on the inner right side of the piston rod. The hydraulic oil enters from both ports of the radial hole 112 on the right side of the piston rod at the same speed and opposite direction. When the two hydraulic oils meet, they collide. The colliding hydraulic oils generate turbulence and greater resistance, resulting in no or very little hydraulic oil entering the space between the piston rod 110 and the left side of the inner cylinder 130 through the axial hole 111 of the piston rod, thus locking the damper.

[0024] When the piston rod 110 moves to the left, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130 generates a high pressure. The internal hydraulic oil quickly enters the piston rod 110 through the radial hole 112 on the left side of the piston rod. The hydraulic oil enters from both ports of the radial hole 112 on the left side of the piston rod at the same time. The hydraulic oil entering from both sides of the radial hole 112 has the same speed and opposite direction. When the two hydraulic oils meet, they collide. The colliding hydraulic oils generate turbulence and greater resistance, causing no or very little hydraulic oil to enter the space between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder end cover 150 through the axial hole 111 of the piston rod, and the damper achieves locking.

[0025] When a slow load is applied to the piston rod 110, a low-speed friction function is achieved. When the piston rod 110 moves to the right, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder end cover 150 enters between the inner cylinder end cover 150 and the outer cylinder end cover 160 through the inner cylinder end cover hole 151. The hydraulic oil between the inner cylinder end cover 150 and the outer cylinder end cover 160 flows from the inner cylinder 130 and the outer cylinder end cover 160. The hydraulic oil enters the third bellows 220 through the gap between the two bellows 210, and the spacer 190 is pushed to the left. The hydraulic oil in the first bellows 120 enters the gap between the inner cylinder 130 and the outer cylinder 140 through the gap between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130. The hydraulic oil in the first bellows 120 enters the space between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130 through the gap between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130. The hydraulic oil between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130 enters the space between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder end cap 150 through the left piston rod radial hole 112, the piston rod axial hole 111, and the right piston rod radial hole 112 to form a closed loop. The hydraulic oil generates resistance when passing through each gap, thereby achieving the function of low-speed friction. The first bellows 120, the second bellows 210, and the third bellows 220 can absorb or supplement the changes in hydraulic oil and at the same time play a damping role.

[0026] When the piston rod 110 moves to the left, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130 enters the first bellows 120 through the gap between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130. The hydraulic oil in the first bellows 120 enters the second bellows 210 through the gap between the inner cylinder 130 and the outer cylinder 140. The spacer 190 is pushed to the right. The hydraulic oil in the third bellows 220 enters the space between the inner cylinder end cap 150 and the outer cylinder end cap 160 through the gap between the inner cylinder 130 and the outer cylinder 140. The hydraulic oil between the inner cylinder end cap 150 and the outer cylinder end cap 160 enters the space between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder end cap 150 through the inner cylinder end cap hole 151. The hydraulic oil between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder end cover 150 enters the space between the piston rod 110 and the inner cylinder 130 through the right piston rod radial hole 112, the piston rod axial hole 111, and the left piston rod radial hole 112, forming a closed loop. The hydraulic oil generates resistance when passing through each gap, thereby achieving the function of low-speed friction. The first bellows 120, the second bellows 210, and the third bellows 220 activate the buffering function, which can absorb or supplement changes in the hydraulic oil, and at the same time activate the damping function.

[0027] The internal piston rod 110 and inner cylinder 130 of this device are sealed by a sealing ring 180. The sealing ring 180 is made of metal, avoiding the aging problems associated with rubber seals and extending the device's lifespan. It eliminates the need for maintenance and testing. Simultaneously, the gap between the sealing ring 180 and the piston rod 110 and inner cylinder 130 creates a damping effect. The device's fully enclosed external design offers the following advantages: First, the hydraulic oil is completely sealed inside the device, preventing leakage and oxidation. Second, it prevents steam, water, and foreign matter from entering the device, thus avoiding deterioration of the internal hydraulic oil or corrosion and damage to internal components. This fully enclosed structure significantly extends the device's lifespan and further eliminates unnecessary maintenance and testing. The device utilizes the radial hole 112 of the piston rod for locking, with hydraulic oil flowing from both openings of the radial hole 112 simultaneously... When the hydraulic oil enters from both sides of the piston rod axial hole 112, the hydraulic oil flows at the same speed but in opposite directions. When the two hydraulic oil streams meet, they collide, and the colliding hydraulic oil generates turbulence and resistance, resulting in a lock-in effect. This causes little or no hydraulic oil to pass through the piston rod radial hole 111, greatly improving the lock-in effect. This device utilizes the friction generated by the hydraulic oil flowing between the gaps of the internal components to achieve the low-speed friction function. Each time the hydraulic oil passes through a gap, friction is generated, forming a multi-stage damping series effect, which significantly improves the damping effect. Bellows No. 1 120, No. 2 210, and No. 3 220 can absorb or supplement changes in the hydraulic oil and also play a damping role. Under low-speed friction conditions, it can also avoid local vacuum caused by inconsistent oil flow through the gaps, which would affect the low-speed friction function.

Claims

1. A fully enclosed hydraulic damper comprising a piston rod, characterized in that The piston rod is connected to an inner cylinder on its outer side. An inner cylinder end cap is connected to one side of the inner cylinder. A spacer is connected to the outer side of the inner cylinder. An outer cylinder is connected to the outer side of the inner cylinder. A sleeve is connected to the outer side of the outer cylinder. The piston rod is connected to one side of the sleeve. An outer cylinder end cap is connected to one side of the outer cylinder. A first-order bellows is fitted onto the outer side of the piston rod. The sleeve and outer cylinder are connected to both sides of the first-order bellows. A third-order bellows is installed between the spacer and the outer cylinder end cap. The third-order bellows is fitted onto the outer side of the inner cylinder. The spacer and outer cylinder end cap are connected to both sides of the third-order bellows. A second-order bellows is installed between the spacer and the outer cylinder. The second-order bellows is fitted onto the outer side of the inner cylinder. The connecting sleeve and the outer cylinder are connected, and a sealing ring is provided between the piston rod and the inner cylinder. When the piston rod moves to the right, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cover enters the space between the inner cylinder end cover and the outer cylinder end cover through the hole in the inner cylinder end cover. The hydraulic oil between the inner cylinder end cover and the outer cylinder end cover enters the No. 3 bellows through the gap between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder end cover. The hydraulic oil between the No. 2 bellows enters the No. 1 bellows through the gap between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The hydraulic oil in the No. 1 bellows enters the space between the piston rod and the inner cylinder through the gap between the piston rod and the inner cylinder. The hydraulic oil generates resistance when passing through each gap.

2. A fully enclosed hydraulic damper according to claim 1, characterised in that A sealing ring is provided on the outer side of the piston rod, and the piston rod and the inner cylinder form a mechanical seal through the sealing ring. The sealing ring is made of metal material. An axial hole is provided on one side of the piston rod in the axial direction, and radial holes are provided on both sides of the axial hole. The piston rod is slidably connected to the inner cylinder.

3. A fully enclosed hydraulic damper according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that The inner cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the inner cylinder end cap, which has an inner cylinder end cap hole in the middle, and the outer side of the inner cylinder is slidably connected to the spacer.

4. A fully enclosed hydraulic damper according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that The outer cylinder is slidably connected to the inner cylinder on its inner side. The outer cylinder end cap is fixedly connected to one side of the outer cylinder. The outer cylinder end cap and the outer cylinder are sealed by welding. A third bellows is provided between the spacer and the outer cylinder end cap. The third bellows is sleeved on the outside of the inner cylinder. The spacer and the outer cylinder end cap are connected by welding on both sides of the third bellows. A second bellows is provided between the spacer and the outer cylinder. The second bellows is sleeved on the outside of the inner cylinder. The spacer and the outer cylinder are connected by welding on both sides of the second bellows.

5. A fully enclosed hydraulic damper according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that The sleeve is fixedly connected to the piston rod, and a complete seal can be formed between the sleeve and the piston rod by welding. A first bellows is provided between the sleeve and the outer cylinder. The first bellows is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod, and the two sides of the first bellows are fixedly connected to the end face of the outer cylinder and the inside of the sleeve, respectively. The first bellows and the piston rod, sleeve and outer cylinder are sealed from this point.

6. A method for damping using the fully enclosed hydraulic damper as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The piston rod is connected to the vibration source on the left side and the outer cylinder end cover is connected to the foundation on the right side. When a sudden load is applied to the piston rod, the piston rod and the sleeve will have relative displacement relative to the outer cylinder. When the piston rod moves to the right, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cover generates instantaneous high pressure. The internal hydraulic oil quickly enters the piston rod through the radial hole on the inner right side of the piston rod. The hydraulic oil enters from both ports of the radial hole on the right side of the piston rod at the same time. The hydraulic oil entering from both sides of the radial hole on the piston rod has the same speed and opposite direction. When the two hydraulic oils meet, they collide. The colliding hydraulic oils generate turbulence and greater resistance, causing no or very little hydraulic oil to enter the space between the piston rod and the left side of the inner cylinder through the axial hole of the piston rod, and the damper achieves locking. When the piston rod moves to the left, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder generates a high pressure. The internal hydraulic oil quickly enters the piston rod through the radial hole on the left side of the piston rod. The hydraulic oil enters from both ports of the radial hole on the left side of the piston rod at the same time. The hydraulic oil entering from both sides of the radial hole of the piston rod has the same speed and opposite direction. When the two hydraulic oils meet, they collide. The colliding hydraulic oils generate turbulence and greater resistance, causing no or very little hydraulic oil to enter the space between the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cover through the axial hole of the piston rod. The damper achieves locking. When a slow load is applied to the piston rod, a low-speed friction function is achieved. The spacer is pushed to the left. The hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder enters the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cover from the left piston rod radial hole, the piston rod axial hole, and the right piston rod radial hole to form a closed loop. The hydraulic oil generates resistance when passing through each gap, thereby achieving the low-speed friction function. Bellows No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 can absorb or supplement changes in the hydraulic oil and play a damping role at the same time. When the piston rod moves to the left, the hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder enters the first bellows through the gap between the piston rod and the inner cylinder. The hydraulic oil in the first bellows enters the second bellows through the gap between the inner and outer cylinders. The spacer is pushed to the right. The hydraulic oil in the third bellows enters the space between the inner and outer cylinder end caps through the gap between the inner and outer cylinder end caps. The hydraulic oil between the inner and outer cylinder end caps enters the space between the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cap through the hole in the inner cylinder end cap. The hydraulic oil between the piston rod and the inner cylinder end cap enters the space between the piston rod and the inner cylinder through the radial hole on the right piston rod, the axial hole on the piston rod, and the radial hole on the left piston rod, forming a closed loop. The hydraulic oil generates resistance when passing through each gap, thus achieving the function of low-speed friction. The first, second, and third bellows activate the buffering function, which can absorb or supplement changes in the hydraulic oil, and at the same time activate the damping function.

Images