An automated airborne pollen online observation device and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of pollen collection and observation, and provides an automatic air-borne pollen online observation device and method, which mainly comprises an auxiliary assembly, a transmission assembly, a collection assembly, an observation assembly and subassemblies of the four assemblies. Specifically, by starting an air suction pump, a first stepping motor and turning on a light source, ambient air enters a black cavity, particulate matters in the air fall in a first area of a sampling belt, the sampling belt advances with a transmission wheel set, the first area is illuminated by the light source when entering a preset observation range of a microscopic device, during the illumination process, only pollen or other particles are illuminated and reflect light, and the remaining light is transmitted through the sampling belt, falls on the inner surface of the black cavity and is absorbed, the light reflected by the particulate matters reaches an image sensor through the microscopic device, the image sensor photographs an observation image, picture or video data is formed, and online observation of air-borne pollen with low cost, high efficiency and high accuracy is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pollen collection and observation technology, specifically to an automated online observation device and method for airborne pollen. Background Technology

[0002] While plants bring various benefits to our lives, they also produce allergenic pollen that significantly impacts human health. Therefore, researching the effects of pollen on humans requires addressing the issue of pollen observation and monitoring. Currently, most pollen identification and counting are still done manually, or through mechanical structures that transform manual pollen measurement into automated processes. Pollen collection primarily relies on gravity sedimentation for daily observation, but this technique demands highly skilled personnel, and data updates are difficult in real time, resulting in low observation efficiency and accuracy, which has become a bottleneck for further research. On the one hand, it requires substantial human and material resources, making large-scale network deployment unsuitable; on the other hand, its spatiotemporal resolution cannot meet current needs for airborne pollen services, severely hindering research and data application in airborne pollen in my country. Due to the maritime climate in Europe and other regions, air humidity is higher than in my country, leading to significant differences in pollen types and variation patterns. If automated pollen observation devices from abroad are adopted, the climatic differences between regions must be avoided; secondly, the equipment is expensive, the network monitoring costs are prohibitive, instrument stability is unknown, and maintenance costs are difficult to estimate.

[0003] Therefore, based on the above reasons, the present invention provides an automated online observation device and method for airborne pollen, enabling continuous online observation of airborne pollen. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an automated online observation device and method for airborne pollen, mainly comprising: an auxiliary component, a transmission component, a collection component, an observation component, and sub-components of the above four components. Specifically, by starting an air pump and a first stepper motor and turning on a light source, ambient air enters the black cavity. Particulate matter in the air falls onto the first area of ​​the sampling belt. The sampling belt moves forward with the transmission wheel set. When the first area enters the preset observation range of the microscope, it is illuminated by the light source. During the illumination process, only pollen or other particles are illuminated and reflect light, while the remaining light passes through the sampling belt and falls onto the inner surface of the black cavity and is absorbed. The light reflected by the particles reaches the image sensor through the microscope. The image sensor captures the observed image to form picture or video data, realizing low-cost, high-efficiency, and high-accuracy online observation of airborne pollen.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an automated online observation device for airborne pollen, comprising: an auxiliary component, a transmission component, a collection component, and an observation component;

[0006] The auxiliary component includes a support plate 1, which is a flat plate; the transmission component includes a transmission wheel set, a sampling belt, a first stepper motor, and a first driver. The transmission wheel set is rotatably fixed to the first surface of the support plate 1. The transmission wheel set is detachably installed with the sampling belt and the first stepper motor, respectively, and is used to drive the transmission wheel set and the sampling belt to run through the first stepper motor. The sampling belt is made of a light-transmitting material and includes a sampling surface and a non-sampling surface. The sampling surface is adhesive. The first driver is electrically connected to the first stepper motor and is used to drive the first stepper motor to run in a predetermined manner; the collection component includes a black cavity, an air inlet head, an exhaust pipe, a vacuum pump, and a light source. The black cavity is a sealed, opaque box and is detachably installed on the first surface of the support plate 1. The inner surface of the black cavity is made of a light-absorbing material. The sampling belt partially penetrates the interior of the black cavity. The air inlet head is a conical tube and includes an air inlet end and a slit outlet. The air inlet is disposed through one side of the black cavity, the slit outlet is located inside the black cavity and maintains a predetermined distance from the sampling band, the slit outlet faces the first area of ​​the sampling surface of the sampling band, one end of the exhaust pipe is disposed through the other side of the black cavity, the air inlet of the pump is detachably installed to the other end of the exhaust pipe, the air outlet of the pump is detachably installed to one end of the other exhaust pipe, the light source is disposed inside the black cavity and is used to irradiate visible light onto a predetermined observation range of the sampling surface of the sampling band; the observation assembly includes a microscope and an image sensor, the microscope is fixedly disposed on the first surface of the support plate 1, the first end of the microscope is disposed through the black cavity and faces the predetermined observation range of the sampling surface of the sampling band, the first end maintains a predetermined distance from the sampling band, the second end of the microscope is located outside the black cavity and is detachably installed to the image sensor, the image sensor is used to capture images observed by the microscope.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes an optical trap, which is disposed inside the black cavity and fixedly connected to the support plate 1. The optical trap is disposed on the non-sampling surface side of the preset observation range of the sampling band and maintains a predetermined distance from the sampling band. The optical trap is made of a light-absorbing material. The light source is a ring-shaped machine vision LED light source, which is a ring-shaped object. The ring-shaped machine vision LED light source and the optical trap are symmetrically disposed on the sampling surface side of the sampling band for illuminating visible light into the preset observation range of the sampling band.

[0008] Further, the microscope equipment includes: a lens, a microscope barrel, a lead screw sliding platform, a second stepper motor, and a second driver; the lead screw sliding platform includes a base, a lead screw, and a slider, the base is fixedly disposed on the first surface of the support plate 1, the lead screw is rotatably disposed on the base, the slider is slidably disposed between the two ends of the lead screw and threadedly connected to the lead screw, the microscope barrel is fixedly connected to the slider, the lens is detachably installed and removed from the microscope barrel, the lens and the microscope barrel are respectively located at the first end and the second end of the microscope equipment, the second stepper motor is connected to the end point of the lead screw, the direction of the end point is consistent with the direction of the second end, and the second driver is electrically connected to the second stepper motor for driving the second stepper motor and the lead screw to operate in a predetermined manner.

[0009] Furthermore, the transmission wheel assembly includes: a driving wheel, a driven wheel, and a positioning wheel; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are rotatably disposed on the first surface of the support plate 1 at a predetermined distance and located outside the black cavity; the driving wheel has a reserved space inside; the first stepper motor is disposed in the reserved space and connected to the driving wheel for driving the driving wheel to rotate; the positioning wheel is rotatably disposed on the first surface of the support plate 1 and located inside the black cavity; the sampling belt is arranged around the outer edges of the driving wheel, the driven wheel, and the positioning wheel; the positioning wheel is used to position the sampling belt and make the sampling belt pass through the preset observation range.

[0010] Furthermore, the transmission wheel assembly includes an insulating layer that covers the outer edges of the driving wheel, the driven wheel, and the positioning wheel, respectively, to prevent electrostatic charges in the sampling strip from being transferred through the transmission wheel assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a logic controller, which is electrically connected to the light source, the image sensor, the first driver, the second driver, and an external network, respectively, for receiving and sending instructions.

[0012] Furthermore, the collection assembly also includes: a mesh screen and a flow controller; the mesh screen is disposed on the air inlet end of the air inlet head to prevent large particles from entering; the flow controller is detachably installed with the air pump and electrically connected to the logic controller to control and calculate the gas flow rate through the air pump.

[0013] Furthermore, the auxiliary components also include: a housing, a power plug, a power adapter, a voltage conversion board, a network cable plug, a lens barrel mounting bracket, and a coupling; the housing and the support plate 1 are connected at their four periphery to form a sealed box, the first surface of the support plate 1 is located inside the sealed box, the power plug is located on the outside of the side of the housing for connecting to an external AC power source, the power adapter is electrically connected to the power plug for converting AC power into DC power of a predetermined voltage, the voltage conversion board is electrically connected to the power adapter for converting the input voltage into several preset output voltages, the voltage conversion board is electrically connected to the logic controller, the light source, the vacuum pump, the first driver, and the second driver respectively, the network cable plug is located on the outside of the side of the housing for connecting to an external network, the lens barrel mounting bracket is mounted on the slider, the lens barrel mounting bracket includes an upper clamp and a lower clamp for detachably connecting the lens barrel and the slider, and the coupling is located at the connection between the lead screw and the second stepper motor for detachably connecting the coupling and the lead screw.

[0014] A second aspect of the present invention provides an automated online observation method for airborne pollen, comprising:

[0015] A sampling strip is continuously passed through a black cavity. The sampling strip is transparent and adhesive. The black cavity is a sealed container made of an opaque light-absorbing material. An external ambient air is drawn into the black cavity through an air inlet head, which includes a slit outlet end located inside the black cavity and maintaining a predetermined distance from the sampling strip. The slit outlet end is directly opposite a first region of the sampling surface of the sampling strip. The first region is continuously passed through a preset observation range of a microscope and illuminated by a light source located inside the black cavity. An image sensor is used to acquire image data or video data observed through the microscope.

[0016] Furthermore, acquiring image data or video data observed through the microscope using an image sensor includes using a second stepper motor to control the microscope to perform layered focusing and shooting in a predetermined manner.

[0017] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention bring at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] This invention provides an automated online observation device and method for airborne pollen, which, compared with related pollen observation technologies, reduces the operational difficulty and workload for observers; is less affected by weather conditions, reduces costs, and improves observation efficiency and accuracy; and provides a new online observation device and method for airborne pollen, enhancing the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an automated online airborne pollen monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of an automated online pollen monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a top-view diagram illustrating the connection between a collection component and an observation component according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the connection between the black cavity and the air intake head according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a top-view diagram illustrating the connection between a collection component and an observation component according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an observation component provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lead screw sliding platform and the second stepper motor provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a top view of an automated online airborne pollen monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an automated online airborne pollen monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical structure of an automated online pollen monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a collection component provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 12 This is a front view schematic diagram of an automated online pollen monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lead screw sliding platform according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 14This is a schematic diagram of a device housing structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 15 This is a flowchart of an automated online observation method for airborne pollen according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure label:

[0035] Support plate-1, transmission wheel set-2, driving wheel-2.1, driven wheel-2.2, positioning wheel-2.3, sampling belt-3, first stepper motor-4, first driver-5, black cavity-6, air inlet head-7, exhaust pipe-8, air pump-9 and light source-10, microscopic equipment-11, lens-11.1, lens barrel-11.2, lead screw sliding platform-11.3, base-11.31, lead screw-11.32, slider-11.33, second stepper motor-11.4 and second driver-11.5, image sensor-12, light trap-13, logic controller-14, mesh screen-15, flow controller-16, outer shell-17, housing-17.1, cover-17.2, buckle-17.3, power plug-18, network cable plug-19, lens barrel mounting bracket-20, coupling-21. Detailed Implementation

[0036] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not intended to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of the invention described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps S or units is not necessarily limited to those steps S or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps S and units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0037] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] This invention provides an automated online observation device for airborne pollen, such as...Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, it includes:

[0040] Auxiliary components, transmission components, collection components, and observation components;

[0041] The auxiliary component includes a support plate, which is a flat plate;

[0042] The transmission assembly includes: a transmission wheel set 2, a sampling belt 3, a first stepper motor 4, and a first driver 5. The transmission wheel set 2 is rotatably fixed on the first surface of the support plate. The transmission wheel set 2 is detachably installed with the sampling belt 3 and the first stepper motor, respectively, and is used to drive the transmission wheel set 2 and the sampling belt 3 to run through the first stepper motor. The sampling belt 3 is made of a light-transmitting material and includes a sampling surface and a non-sampling surface. The sampling surface is adhesive. The first driver 5 is electrically connected to the first stepper motor 4 and is disposed on the second surface of the support plate 1, and is used to drive the first stepper motor 4 to run in a predetermined manner.

[0043] The collection assembly includes a black cavity 6, an air inlet head 7, an exhaust pipe 8, a vacuum pump 9, and a light source 10. The black cavity 6 is a sealed, opaque box and is detachably mounted on the first surface of the support plate. The inner surface of the black cavity 6 is made of a light-absorbing material. The sampling band 3 is partially disposed inside the black cavity 6. The air inlet head 7 is a conical tube and includes an air inlet end and a slit outlet end. The air inlet end is disposed through one side of the black cavity 6, and the slit outlet end is located inside the black cavity 6 and maintains a predetermined distance from the sampling band 3. The slit outlet end faces the first area of ​​the sampling surface of the sampling band 3. One end of the exhaust pipe 8 is disposed through the other side of the black cavity 6. The air inlet end of the vacuum pump 9 is detachably installed with the other end of the exhaust pipe 8, and the air outlet end of the vacuum pump 9 is detachably installed with one end of the other exhaust pipe 8. The light source 10 is disposed inside the black cavity 6 and is used to irradiate visible light onto a preset observation range of the sampling surface of the sampling band 3.

[0044] The observation assembly includes a microscope 11 and an image sensor 12. The microscope 11 is fixedly mounted on the first surface of the support plate. The first end of the microscope 11 is disposed inside the black cavity 6 and faces the sampling surface of the sampling band 3 within a preset observation range. The first end and the sampling band 3 maintain a predetermined distance. The second end of the microscope 11 is located outside the black cavity 6 and is detachably mounted to the image sensor 12. The image sensor 12 is used to capture images observed by the microscope 11.

[0045] It should be noted that the first region is a relatively small area within the width of sampling band 3. For example, the width of sampling band 3 can be divided into three equal parts and marked as upper, middle, and lower regions. Preferably, the first region is the middle region, which allows samples to be collected in a small area for observation, improving collection and observation efficiency. On the other hand, the preset observation range represents the range of sampling band 3 illuminated by light source 10 and observed by microscope 11, and the preset observation range is located within the first region.

[0046] In the specific implementation process, the air pump 9 and the first stepper motor 4 are started and the light source 10 is turned on. Ambient air enters from the air inlet end of the air inlet head 7 and enters the black cavity 6 through the air outlet end of the slit. Pollen or other particles in the air fall on the first area of ​​the sampling belt 3. At the same time, the sampling belt 3 moves forward with the transmission wheel group 2. When the first area enters the preset observation range of the microscope 11, it is illuminated by the light source 10. During the illumination process, only pollen or other particles are illuminated and reflect light, while the rest of the light passes through the transparent sampling belt 3 and falls on the inner surface of the black cavity 6 and is absorbed. Since the black cavity 6 uses light-absorbing materials, the reflectivity of the incoming light is reduced or even no longer reflected, thereby reducing the high observation error caused by excess reflected light and improving the observation accuracy.

[0047] Furthermore, the light reflected by pollen or other particles passes through the microscope 11 to the image sensor 12, which captures the observed image to form picture or video data, enabling online observation of airborne pollen.

[0048] Preferably, when the sampling belt 3 passes through the preset observation range and is observed by the microscope 11, the running time of the transmission wheel set 2 is recorded and the running length of the sampling belt 3 is calculated. When the running length reaches the circumference of the sampling belt 3, a prompt is made to replace the sampling belt 3.

[0049] Among them, the air pump 9, the first stepper motor 4, the light source 10 or other power-consuming equipment all use low-voltage DC power supply, with a voltage of 12V or 24V. During the observation process, the load is small and the power consumption is low, so the cost of use is low.

[0050] The most significant difference between the first stepper motor 4 and other motors used for control is that it receives electrical pulse signals and converts them into corresponding angular or linear displacements. It is itself an actuator that completes digital mode conversion and can perform open-loop position control. By inputting a single pulse signal, a specified position increment can be obtained. Compared to traditional DC control systems, this incremental position control system significantly reduces costs and requires almost no system adjustments. The angular displacement of the stepper motor is strictly proportional to the number of input pulses and is synchronized with the pulses in time. Therefore, by controlling the number, frequency, and phase sequence of the motor windings, the required angle, speed, and direction can be obtained. Thus, using a stepper motor to control the distance and speed of the sampling band 3 is more accurate than using a traditional motor, making the observation process more convenient and efficient.

[0051] It should be noted that the first driver 5 can be a hardware driver composed of individual components or integrated circuits, a software driver based on computer software, or a combination of hardware and software control, i.e., driving the hardware circuit by generating control pulses through a program. Preferably, a microcontroller is used to control the first stepping motor through software.

[0052] Among them, the light-absorbing material is, for example, flocked light-absorbing cloth. Generally, black flocked light-absorbing cloth with a flocked inner wall structure has a better light absorption effect. Preferably, the light-absorbing material is a conical hollow structure material. Studies have found that its absorption rate of visible light and infrared light both exceed 99%.

[0053] In addition, the black cavity 6 is detachably mounted on the first surface of the support plate, for example, by bolt connection, which facilitates the separation of the black cavity 6 from the support plate during later maintenance and cleaning.

[0054] In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the black cavity 6 includes a cleaning window disposed on one side of the black cavity 6. The cleaning window can be opened and closed; when opened, it allows cleaning tools to be used to clean the interior of the black cavity 6; when closed, it keeps the black cavity 6 sealed, resulting in low maintenance costs.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, the air inlet head 7 includes an air inlet end and a slit outlet end. The slit outlet end uses a slit or hole with a small aperture, for example, an aperture range of 1-5 mm. The slit outlet end maintains a predetermined distance from the sampling band 3 and faces the first area of ​​the sampling surface of the sampling band 3. The predetermined distance indicates a small distance, for example, a distance range of 0-2 cm. This embodiment concentrates the sample in a small area on the sampling band 3 through the slit structure, which serves to limit and maintain a constant flow of incoming air, reducing the loss of additional power. At the same time, the sampling surface of the sampling band 3 is viscous, which enhances the adsorption capacity of particulate matter and improves the collection efficiency.

[0056] Preferably, the device in this embodiment performs observations in two ways: single observation and continuous observation. In single observation, when the first region containing pollen or other particles moves to the preset observation range, the first stepper motor 4 is turned off before observation continues; in continuous observation, the first region continuously passes through the preset observation range and is observed.

[0057] Preferably, the single observation method in the above embodiments of the present invention includes periodic single observation. Specifically, periodic single observation is achieved by switching the first stepper motor 4 on and off at predetermined time intervals, such as ten minutes or one hour.

[0058] Preferably, the continuous observation method in the above embodiments of the present invention includes continuous observation within a preset observation time. For example, the preset observation time can be set to 30 minutes or one hour according to actual needs. By acquiring the data within the preset observation time, the analysis results are obtained. For example, the number of pollen grains collected in one hour is measured, and the amount of air entering the black cavity 6 in one hour is measured by an air flow device. Finally, the concentration of pollen in a unit volume of air is calculated.

[0059] In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the observation device further includes a data analysis unit electrically connected to the image sensor 12, used to acquire the image and / or video data in the above embodiments of the present invention, and combined with a specific image recognition algorithm to realize the identification and counting of pollen grains, the identification and observation of pollen structure, thereby improving the intelligence and observation efficiency of the observation device.

[0060] The aforementioned electrical connection can be a direct electrical connection or an indirect electrical connection between the data analysis unit and the image sensor 12, where a conversion device is connected.

[0061] Therefore, the automated online observation device for airborne pollen in this embodiment of the invention has at least the following technical effects compared with the prior art: it reduces the operational difficulty and workload of observers; it is less affected by weather conditions, reducing costs and improving observation efficiency and accuracy; and it provides a new device and method for online observation of airborne pollen, enhancing the user experience.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] Based on the first embodiment described above, this invention also provides another automated online observation device for airborne pollen, such as... Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, it includes:

[0064] Auxiliary components, transmission components, collection components, and observation components;

[0065] The auxiliary component includes a support plate, which is a flat plate;

[0066] The transmission assembly includes: a transmission wheel set 2, a sampling belt 3, a first stepper motor 4, and a first driver 5. The transmission wheel set 2 is rotatably fixed on the first surface of the support plate. The transmission wheel set 2 is detachably installed with the sampling belt 3 and the first stepper motor, respectively, and is used to drive the transmission wheel set 2 and the sampling belt 3 to run through the first stepper motor. The sampling belt 3 is made of a light-transmitting material and includes a sampling surface and a non-sampling surface. The sampling surface is adhesive. The first driver 5 is electrically connected to the first stepper motor 4 and is used to drive the first stepper motor 4 to run in a predetermined manner.

[0067] The collection assembly includes a black cavity 6, an air inlet head 7, an exhaust pipe 8, a vacuum pump 9, and a light source 10. The black cavity 6 is a sealed, opaque box and is detachably mounted on the first surface of the support plate. The inner surface of the black cavity 6 is made of a light-absorbing material. The sampling band 3 is partially inserted through the interior of the black cavity 6. The air inlet head 7 is a conical tube and includes an air inlet end and a slit outlet end. The air inlet end is inserted through one side of the black cavity 6, and the slit outlet end maintains a predetermined distance from the sampling band 3 and faces the first area of ​​the sampling surface of the sampling band 3. One end of the exhaust pipe 8 is inserted through the other side of the black cavity 6. The air inlet end of the vacuum pump 9 is detachably mounted to the other end of the exhaust pipe 8. The light source 10 is located inside the black cavity 6 and is used to irradiate visible light onto a preset observation range of the sampling surface of the sampling band 3.

[0068] The observation assembly includes a microscope 11 and an image sensor 12. The microscope 11 is fixedly mounted on the first surface of the support plate. The first end of the microscope 11 is disposed inside the black cavity 6 and faces the sampling surface of the sampling band 3 within a preset observation range. The first end and the sampling band 3 maintain a predetermined distance. The second end of the microscope 11 is located outside the black cavity 6 and is detachably mounted to the image sensor 12. The image sensor 12 is used to capture images observed by the microscope 11.

[0069] The device further includes an optical trap 13, which is disposed inside the black cavity 6 and fixedly connected to the support plate. The optical trap 13 is located on the non-sampling surface side of the preset observation range of the sampling band 3 and maintains a predetermined distance from the sampling band 3. The optical trap 13 is made of a light-absorbing material. The light source 10 is a ring-shaped machine vision light source, which is a ring-shaped object. The ring-shaped machine vision light source and the optical trap 13 are symmetrically arranged on one side of the sampling surface of the sampling band 3 for illuminating visible light into the preset observation range of the sampling band 3.Figure 6 As shown:

[0070] The optical trap 13 can be block-shaped or trap-shaped, for example, a trap-shaped design with an open box or barrel shape, and its material can be a light-absorbing material similar to that of the black cavity 6. Preferably, the surface of the optical trap 13 can be coated with an Acktar coating, which, in the case of a trap-shaped design, can achieve a light absorption of less than 10. -6 High reflectivity, with a reflectivity as high as 20 W / cm 2 The laser damage threshold.

[0071] Among them, the ring-shaped visual light source can illuminate the focused beam in the same direction, which makes it easy to illuminate only the preset observation range, reduce the generation of interference beams, and reduce the observation error rate.

[0072] In the specific implementation process, the first end of the microscope device 11 is directly facing the center of the annular visual light source and passes through the center to face the preset observation range located on the sampling surface of the sampling band 3. When the first area enters the preset observation range of the microscope device 11, it is illuminated by the annular visual light source. During the illumination process, only pollen or other particles are illuminated and reflect light, while most of the remaining light passes through the transparent sampling band 3 and falls onto the inner surface of the light trap 13 and is absorbed. The remaining small part of the scattered light falls onto the inner surface of the black cavity 6 and is absorbed. Since the light trap 13 and the black cavity 6 adopt light-absorbing materials and structural designs that are conducive to light absorption, the reflectivity of the incoming light is reduced or even no longer reflected. Furthermore, the design structure of the light trap 13 is different from that of the black cavity 6. The combined use of the light trap 13 and the black cavity 6 improves the light absorption rate, further reduces the high observation error caused by excess reflected light, and improves the observation accuracy.

[0073] In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the black cavity 6 is a triangular cavity absorber.

[0074] Specifically, the triangular cavity absorber is in the shape of a triangular prism. Optionally, in this embodiment of the invention, a polygonal prism is formed by chamfering the triangular cross-section of the triangular prism.

[0075] According to the black cavity principle, the effective absorption rate α of the black cavity eff The effective absorptivity α of the black cavity depends on the number of reflections of the focused light within the cavity and the absorptivity of the cavity coating. Without considering radiative heat loss, the effective absorptivity α of the black cavity is... eff The relationship between α and the coating absorption rate is: α eff =1-(1-α) nWhere n is the number of reflections. Therefore, the higher the number of reflections, the higher the effective absorption rate of the cavity. Studies have found that the light path reflection count of a triangular cavity absorber is the highest compared to other shapes of black cavities such as cubes and cylinders, thereby improving the light absorption rate, reducing pollen observation errors, and improving observation accuracy.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the microscope equipment 11 includes: a lens 11.1, a microscope barrel 11.2, a lead screw sliding platform 11.3, a second stepper motor 11.4, and a second driver 11.5; the lead screw sliding platform 11.3 includes a base 11.31, a lead screw 11.32, and a slider 11.33. The base 11.31 is fixedly disposed on the first surface of the support plate, the lead screw 11.32 is rotatably disposed on the base 11.31, and the slider 11.33 is slidably disposed between the two ends of the lead screw 11.32 and threadedly connected to the lead screw 11.32. The microscope barrel 11.2 and... The slider 11.33 is fixedly connected, the lens 11.1 and the lens barrel 11.2 are detachably installed, the lens 11.1 and the lens barrel 11.2 are respectively located at the first end and the second end of the microscope device 11, the second stepper motor 11.4 is connected to the end point of the lead screw 11.32, the direction of the end point is consistent with the direction of the second end, the second driver 11.5 is electrically connected to the second stepper motor 11.4 and is disposed on the second surface of the support plate 1, for driving the second stepper motor 11.4 and the lead screw 11.32 to operate in a predetermined manner.

[0077] In the specific implementation process, the second stepper motor 11.4 is driven by the second driver 11.5, causing the lead screw 11.32 to rotate back and forth in a predetermined manner, and driving the slider 11.33 to reciprocate in a linear direction. The predetermined manner includes a predetermined frequency, number of rotations, etc., which further drives the lens barrel 11.2 and lens 11.1 to reciprocate in a linear direction. This allows for the acquisition of different focal lengths when observing particles on the sampling zone 3, thereby obtaining multiple images based on the position and size of the particles. After screening, high-quality and clear images are obtained, improving the accuracy of the observation.

[0078] It should be noted that the second driver 11.5 can be a hardware driver composed of individual components or integrated circuits, a software driver based on computer software, or a combination of hardware and software control, i.e., driving the hardware circuit by generating control pulses through a program. Preferably, a microcontroller is used to control the second stepper motor 11.4 through software.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 8As shown, the transmission wheel assembly 2 includes: a driving wheel 2.1, a driven wheel 2.2, and a positioning wheel 2.3; the driving wheel 2.1 and the driven wheel 2.2 are rotatably disposed on the first surface of the support plate at a predetermined distance and located outside the black cavity 6; the driving wheel 2.1 has a reserved space inside, and the first stepper motor 4 is disposed in the reserved space and connected to the driving wheel 2.1 to drive the driving wheel 2.1 to rotate; the positioning wheel 2.3 is rotatably disposed on the first surface of the support plate and located inside the black cavity 6; the sampling belt 3 is arranged around the outer edges of the driving wheel 2.1, the driven wheel 2.2, and the positioning wheel 2.3, and the positioning wheel 2.3 is used to position the sampling belt 3 and make the sampling belt 3 pass through the preset observation range.

[0080] The drive wheel 2.1 has a reserved space inside, and the first stepper motor 4 is set in the reserved space and connected to the drive wheel 2.1, which helps to improve the effective space utilization of the equipment and facilitates the setting of other components.

[0081] In the specific implementation process, the first stepper motor 4 located in the reserved space of the active wheel 2.1 is started, which drives the active wheel 2.1 to rotate. At the same time, the sampling belt 3 drives the driven wheel 2.2 and the positioning wheel 2.3 to rotate, so that the sampling belt 3 runs to the preset observation range in a predetermined manner. The predetermined manner includes a predetermined speed, running time, etc.

[0082] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention do not limit the relative positions of the driving wheel 2.1 and the driven wheel 2.2, and their positions can be exchanged.

[0083] Preferably, the positioning wheel 2.3 includes a first positioning wheel and a second positioning wheel. Since the sampling belt 3 needs to pass through the preset observation range in a predetermined direction, using two positioning wheels, with the positions of the driving wheel 2.1 and the driven wheel 2.2 fixed, facilitates the adjustment and precise positioning of the running direction of the sampling belt, which is beneficial for the maintenance and debugging of the device.

[0084] Furthermore, the positioning wheel 2.3 in the above embodiment of the present invention includes two or more positioning wheels, so that the sampling belt 3 can be adjusted according to the actual positioning direction as needed, thereby further improving the accuracy of the sampling belt positioning setting.

[0085] Preferably, the rotation direction of the driving wheel 2.1, driven wheel 2.2, and positioning wheel 2.3 is counterclockwise. Since the sampling belt 3 connecting the driving wheel 2.1 and the black cavity 6 is located in the black cavity 6 closer to the observation equipment, and the other sampling belt 3 connecting the driven wheel 2.2 and the black cavity 6 is located in the black cavity 6 closer to the air inlet 7, the driving wheel 2.1, driven wheel 2.2, and positioning wheel 2.3 drive the sampling belt 3 to rotate counterclockwise so that the sampling belt 3 first collects samples near the slit outlet of the air inlet 7, and then observes them through the preset observation range of the microscope equipment.

[0086] In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the driving wheel 2.1 rotates clockwise and the driven wheel 2.2 rotates counterclockwise. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an automated online airborne pollen monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 The following will provide a detailed introduction, such as Figure 9 As shown:

[0087] Specifically, the driving wheel 2.1 and the driven wheel 2.2 are not located in the same plane, but are tilted at a predetermined angle according to the winding direction of the sampling belt 3, so that the sampling belt 3 can run smoothly without interference. For example, there is a fixed point A on the sampling belt 3. Point A moves clockwise around the driving wheel 2.1, and when it reaches the position of the driven wheel 2.2, it moves counterclockwise with the driven wheel 2.2, further entering the black cavity 6 and passing near the slit outlet of the air inlet head 7 located in the black cavity 6. Samples are collected at the slit outlet, and then observed through the preset observation range of the microscope. Finally, it leaves the black cavity and returns to the initial position of the driving wheel 2.1, so that the viscous sampling surface is always aligned with one side of the air inlet head 7 and the microscope 11.

[0088] Although the above-described embodiment of the present invention uses the method of rotating the driving wheel 2.1 clockwise and the driven wheel 2.2 counterclockwise to transport the sampling belt, the method of rotating the driving wheel 2.1 counterclockwise and the driven wheel 2.2 clockwise can also be considered as a candidate method.

[0089] In a preferred embodiment, the transmission wheel assembly 2 includes an insulating layer that covers the outer edges of the driving wheel 2.1, the driven wheel 2.2, and the positioning wheel 2.3, respectively, to prevent electrostatic charges in the sampling belt 3 from being transferred through the transmission wheel assembly 2.

[0090] Typically, sampling belts are made of materials such as PVC or rubber, which easily generate static electricity during operation. When the outer edges of the driving wheel 2.1, driven wheel 2.2, and positioning wheel 2.3 in the transmission wheel assembly 2 are covered with an insulating layer, the transfer path of static electricity is blocked, thus allowing the sampling belt 3 to carry a large amount of static electricity and acquire the ability to adsorb small particles. Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, using an insulating layer to cover the outer edges of the driving wheel 2.1, driven wheel 2.2, and positioning wheel 2.3 is beneficial to enhancing the pollen collection capacity of the device and improving the observation efficiency.

[0091] In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the image sensor 12 is a CCD sensor.

[0092] A CCD sensor is a novel photoelectric conversion device that stores signal charges generated by light. When a pulse with a specific timing is applied, the stored signal charges can be directionally transmitted within the CCD to achieve self-scanning. It mainly consists of a photosensitive unit, an input structure, and an output structure, and has functions such as photoelectric conversion, information storage, and time delay. Furthermore, it features high integration, low power consumption, and low operating costs, and has been widely used in fields such as imaging, signal processing, and storage.

[0093] In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the image sensor 12 is a CMOS sensor.

[0094] CCD and CMOS sensors are two commonly used image sensors. Both use photodiodes for photoelectric conversion to convert images into digital data. Their main difference lies in the way digital data is transmitted.

[0095] The main advantage of CMOS over CCD is its significantly lower power consumption. CMOS circuits have almost no static power consumption; power is only consumed when the circuit is active. This makes CMOS power consumption only about one-third that of a conventional CCD. Furthermore, the image data scanning methods of CMOS and CCD differ greatly. For example, with a resolution of 3 megapixels, a CCD sensor can continuously scan 3 million charges, a very simple scanning method, much like passing a bucket of water from one person to another, and the signal is only amplified after the last data scan is complete. In contrast, each pixel of a CMOS sensor has an amplifier that converts charge into an electronic signal. Therefore, CMOS sensors can amplify the signal on a pixel-by-pixel basis. This method eliminates any unnecessary transmission operations, allowing for rapid data scanning with minimal power consumption and reduced noise. This further reduces the operating costs of the device.

[0096] Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, the automated airborne pollen online observation device has at least the following technical effects compared with the prior art: it reduces the operational difficulty and workload of observers, reduces costs, improves observation efficiency and accuracy, and enhances user experience.

[0097] Example 3

[0098] Based on the above embodiment one, this embodiment of the invention also provides another automated online observation device for airborne pollen, including:

[0099] The system comprises an auxiliary component, a transmission component, a collection component, and an observation component. The auxiliary component includes a support plate, which is a flat plate. The transmission component includes a transmission wheel set 2, a sampling belt 3, a first stepper motor 4, and a first driver 5. The transmission wheel set 2 is rotatably fixed to the first surface of the support plate. The transmission wheel set 2 is detachably installed with the sampling belt 3 and the first stepper motor, respectively, and is used to drive the transmission wheel set 2 and the sampling belt 3 through the first stepper motor. The sampling belt 3 is made of a light-transmitting material and includes a sampling surface and a non-sampling surface. The sampling surface is adhesive. The first driver 5 is electrically connected to the first stepper motor 4 and is used to drive the first stepper motor 4 according to... The system operates in a predetermined manner. The collection assembly includes a black cavity 6, an air inlet head 7, an exhaust pipe 8, a vacuum pump 9, and a light source 10. The black cavity 6 is a sealed, opaque box that is detachably mounted on the first surface of the support plate. The inner surface of the black cavity 6 is made of a light-absorbing material. The sampling band 3 is partially inserted through the interior of the black cavity 6. The air inlet head 7 is a conical tube and includes an inlet end and a slit outlet end. The inlet end is inserted through one side of the black cavity 6, and the slit outlet end is located inside the black cavity 6 and maintains a predetermined distance from the sampling band 3. The slit outlet end faces the first area of ​​the sampling surface of the sampling band 3. One end of the exhaust pipe 8 is inserted through the other side of the black cavity 6. The vacuum pump 9... The air intake end is detachably installed to the other end of the exhaust pipe 8. The light source 10 is disposed inside the black cavity 6 and is used to irradiate visible light onto the preset observation range of the sampling surface of the sampling band 3. The observation component includes a microscope 11 and an image sensor 12. The microscope 11 is fixedly disposed on the first surface of the support plate. The first end of the microscope 11 penetrates the interior of the black cavity 6 and faces the preset observation range of the sampling surface of the sampling band 3. The first end maintains a predetermined distance from the sampling band 3. The second end of the microscope 11 is located outside the black cavity 6 and is detachably installed to the image sensor 12. The image sensor 12 is used to capture images observed by the microscope 11. The system includes: a lens 11.1, a lens barrel 11.2, a lead screw sliding platform 11.3, a second stepper motor 11.4, and a second driver 11.5. The lead screw sliding platform 11.3 includes a base 11.31, a lead screw 11.32, and a slider 11.33. The base 11.31 is fixedly mounted on the first surface of the support plate. The lead screw 11.32 is rotatably mounted on the base 11.31. The slider 11.33 is slidably mounted between the two ends of the lead screw 11.32 and threadedly connected to it. The lens barrel 11.2 is fixedly connected to the slider 11.33. The lens 11.1 and the lens barrel 11.2 are detachably mounted.2 are located at the first and second ends of the microscope device 11, respectively. The second stepper motor 11.4 is connected to the end of the lead screw 11.32, and the direction of the end is consistent with the direction of the second end. The second driver 11.5 is electrically connected to the second stepper motor 11.4 and is used to drive the second stepper motor 11.4 and the lead screw 11.32 to operate in a predetermined manner.

[0100] The device further includes a logic controller 14, which is disposed on the second surface of the support plate 1 and electrically connected to the light source 10, the image sensor 12, the first driver 5, the second driver 11.5, and an external network, respectively, for receiving and sending instructions, such as... Figure 10 As shown:

[0101] Specifically, the logic controller 14 is electrically connected to the light source 10 so as to control the switching of the light source 10 in a predetermined manner. The predetermined manner includes, for example, the on-time, off-time, and brightness adjustment of the light source 10. The on-time and off-time can be adjusted according to specific needs, such as by keeping them synchronized with the switching time of the sampling band 3, so as to make efficient use of electrical energy.

[0102] The logic controller 14 is electrically connected to the image sensor 12 and also electrically connected to an external network. The logic controller 14 can receive commands from the external network and send those commands to the image sensor 12 to control its operation according to a predetermined method. Furthermore, it can receive image or video data from the image sensor 12 and send that data to the external network for analysis and processing, thus improving the intelligence of the device and reducing the operational difficulty and workload for observers.

[0103] The logic controller 14 is electrically connected to both the first driver 5 and the second driver 11.5. The logic controller 14 sends commands to both drivers to instruct the first stepper motor 4 and the second stepper motor 11.4 to operate in a predetermined manner. For example, if the sampling band 3's running speed needs to be increased from 0.5 cm / s to 1 cm / s, the logic controller 14 sends a command to the first driver 5 to increase the first stepper motor 4 to the corresponding speed. Similarly, if the display device's layered focusing frequency needs to be increased from 10 times / s to 15 times / s, the logic controller 14 sends a command to the second driver 11.5 to increase the second stepper motor 11.4 to the corresponding speed, thus enhancing intelligence.

[0104] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 11As shown, the collection assembly further includes: a mesh screen 15 and a flow controller 16; the mesh screen 15 is provided to cover the air inlet end of the air inlet head 7 to prevent large particles from entering; the flow controller 16 is detachably installed with the air pump 9 and electrically connected to the logic controller 14 to control and calculate the gas flow rate through the air pump 9.

[0105] Preferably, the mesh 15 can be made of mesh with different apertures to filter particles of different diameters into the black cavity 6. Since the air contains particles of different diameters, such as PM2.5 which is less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter, and pollen size varies greatly depending on the species, the smallest pollen is found in *Forget-Me-Not* (a species in the Boraginaceae family), approximately 4–8 micrometers × 2–4 micrometers. Larger pollen has a diameter of 100–200 micrometers (*Zingiber* genus) and 120–150 micrometers (many genera in the Malvaceae family, as well as *Ipomoea* and *Musa* genus). Most pollen has a maximum diameter of approximately 20–50 micrometers, while the pollen of the aquatic plant *Gnaphalium affine* is slender, approximately 1200–2900 micrometers × 3.5–9.5 micrometers. Therefore, the observation device can classify and collect pollen from different species, which is beneficial for improving collection and analysis efficiency.

[0106] The flow controller 16 is detachably installed with the air pump 9 and electrically connected to the logic controller 14, used to control and calculate the gas flow rate through the air pump 9. In specific implementation, on the one hand, the logic controller 14 sends instructions to the flow controller 16, causing the flow controller 16 to control the rotation speed of the air pump 9, pumping air at different flow rates into the black cavity 6 according to actual needs; on the other hand, the logic controller 14 sends the instruction data sent to the flow controller 16 to an external network, so that a terminal connected to the external network can analyze and calculate the instruction data. The instruction data includes a predetermined air flow rate and a predetermined time period, thereby calculating the total air volume within the predetermined time period, and then calculating the concentration of pollen per 1000 mm³ in the air based on the total amount of pollen obtained. 2 The number of pollen grains contained is used to obtain pollen concentration, which improves the efficiency and accuracy of data analysis.

[0107] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 12 , 13As shown in Figure 14, the auxiliary components also include: a housing 17, a power plug 18, a power adapter, a voltage conversion board, a network cable plug 19, a lens barrel mounting bracket 20, and a coupling 21; the housing 17 and the four periphery of the support plate are connected to form a sealed box, the first surface of the support plate is located inside the sealed box, the power plug 18 is located on the outside of the side of the housing 17 for connecting to an external AC power source, the power adapter is electrically connected to the power plug 18 for converting AC power into DC power of a predetermined voltage, and the voltage conversion board is electrically connected to the power adapter for converting the input voltage into several preset output voltages. The voltage conversion board is electrically connected to the logic controller 14, the light source 10, the air pump 9, the first driver 5, and the second driver 11.5, respectively. The network cable plug 19 is located on the outside of the side of the housing 17 for connecting to an external network. The lens barrel fixing bracket 20 is located on the slider 11.33. The lens barrel fixing bracket 20 includes an upper clamp and a lower clamp for detachably connecting the lens barrel 11.2 and the slider 11.33. The coupling 21 is located at the connection between the lead screw 11.32 and the second stepper motor 11.4 for detachably connecting the coupling 21 and the lead screw 11.32.

[0108] In a preferred exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 14 As shown, the outer casing 17 includes: a housing 17.1, a cover 17.2, and a buckle 17.3. The outer casing 17 is a semi-sealed box structure. The housing 17.1 is fixedly connected to the four perimeters of the support plate. The cover 17.2 is detachably connected to the housing 17.1 through the buckle 17.3 to facilitate maintenance and cleaning of the device.

[0109] The power adapter and the voltage conversion board can be disposed on the first surface of the support plate 1, or on the inner surface of the housing 17.1 in the above embodiment of the present invention, without limitation.

[0110] Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, the automated airborne pollen online observation device has at least the following technical effects compared with the prior art: it reduces the operational difficulty and workload of observers, reduces costs, improves observation efficiency and accuracy, and enhances user experience.

[0111] Example 4

[0112] Based on the above-described device embodiments, this invention also provides another automated online observation method for airborne pollen. Figure 15 This is a flowchart of an automated online observation method for airborne pollen according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 15 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0113] S10. The sampling band 3 is continuously passed through the black cavity 6. The sampling band 3 is transparent and sticky. The black cavity 6 is a sealed container made of opaque light-absorbing material.

[0114] Specifically, the sampling belt 3 can be connected to the transmission wheel set 2, and the transmission wheel set 2 and the sampling belt 3 can be driven by a motor. Preferably, when the sampling belt 3 passes through the black cavity 6, the running time of the transmission wheel set 2 is recorded and the running length of the sampling belt 3 is calculated. When the running length reaches the circumference of the sampling belt 3, a prompt is made to replace the sampling belt 3.

[0115] S20. An external ambient air is drawn into the black cavity 6 through an air inlet 7 using an air pump 9. The air inlet 7 includes a slit outlet end, which is located inside the black cavity 6 and maintains a predetermined distance from the sampling band 3. The slit outlet end is directly facing the first area of ​​the sampling surface of the sampling band 3.

[0116] S30, the first region is continuously passed through the preset observation range of the microscope device 11 and illuminated by the light source 10 located inside the black cavity 6.

[0117] Specifically, ambient air enters through the air inlet of the air inlet 7 and enters the black cavity 6 through the slit outlet. Pollen or other particles in the air fall into the first area of ​​the sampling belt 3. At the same time, the sampling belt 3 moves forward with the drive wheel set 2. When the first area enters the preset observation range of the microscope 11, it is illuminated by the light source 10. During the illumination process, only pollen or other particles are illuminated and reflect light, while the remaining light passes through the transparent sampling belt 3 and falls onto the inner surface of the black cavity 6 and is absorbed. Since the black cavity 6 uses light-absorbing materials, the reflectivity of the incoming light is reduced or even no longer reflected, thereby reducing the high observation error caused by excess reflected light and improving the observation accuracy.

[0118] S40. Image sensor 12 is used to acquire image data or video data observed through the microscope device 11.

[0119] Specifically, for example, a CCD sensor or a CMOS sensor can be used to take pictures or photographs of the preset observation range of the sampling band 3 using a microscope 11.

[0120] Preferably, the obtained image or video data is sent to the data analysis unit, which combines specific image recognition algorithms to identify and count pollen grains and identify and observe pollen structures, thereby improving the intelligence and efficiency of the observation device while reducing the operational difficulty and workload of the observers.

[0121] In a preferred embodiment, acquiring image data or video data observed by the microscope device 11 using the image sensor 12 includes controlling the microscope device 11 to perform layered focusing and shooting in a predetermined manner using the second stepper motor 11.4.

[0122] Specifically, a second stepper motor 11.4 controls the adjustment unit of the microscope 11, such as the microscope tube or lens, to perform reciprocating motion in a linear direction. The predetermined method includes a predetermined frequency and a predetermined operating distance range. Preferably, the predetermined operating distance range is ±100μm. This allows the microscope 11 to obtain different focal lengths when observing particles on the sampling band 3, thereby obtaining various images based on the position and size of the particles. These images can then be filtered to obtain high-quality, clear images, improving the accuracy of the observation.

[0123] Therefore, the automated online observation method for airborne pollen in this invention has at least the following technical advantages compared with the prior art: it reduces the operational difficulty and workload of observers; it is less affected by weather conditions, reducing costs and improving observation efficiency and accuracy; and it provides a new device and method for online observation of airborne pollen, enhancing the user experience.

[0124] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated online observation device for airborne pollen, characterized in that, The device includes auxiliary components, transmission components, collection components, and observation components; The auxiliary component includes a support plate (1), which is a flat plate; The transmission assembly includes a transmission wheel set (2), a sampling belt (3), a first stepper motor (4), and a first driver (5). The transmission wheel set (2) is rotatably fixed on the first surface of the support plate (1). The transmission wheel set (2) is detachably installed with the sampling belt (3) and the first stepper motor (4) respectively, and is used to drive the transmission wheel set (2) and the sampling belt (3) to run through the first stepper motor (4). The sampling belt (3) is made of light-transmitting material and includes a sampling surface and a non-sampling surface. The sampling surface is adhesive. The first driver (5) is electrically connected to the first stepper motor (4) and is used to drive the first stepper motor (4) to run in a predetermined manner. The collection assembly includes a black cavity (6), an air inlet (7), an exhaust pipe (8), a vacuum pump (9), and a light source (10). The black cavity (6) is a sealed, opaque box and is detachably mounted on the first surface of the support plate (1). The inner surface of the black cavity (6) is made of a light-absorbing material. The sampling band (3) is partially inserted through the interior of the black cavity (6). The air inlet (7) is a conical tube and includes an air inlet end and a slit outlet end. The air inlet end is inserted through one side of the black cavity (6). The slit outlet is located inside the black cavity (6) and maintains a predetermined distance from the sampling band (3). The slit outlet faces the first area of ​​the sampling surface of the sampling band (3). One end of the exhaust pipe (8) is installed through the other side of the black cavity (6). The other end of the exhaust pipe (8) is detachably installed with the air inlet of the air pump (9). The light source (10) is located inside the black cavity (6) and is used to irradiate visible light onto the preset observation range of the sampling surface of the sampling band (3). The black cavity (6) adopts a triangular cavity absorber. The observation component includes a microscope (11) and an image sensor (12). The microscope (11) is fixedly disposed on the first surface of the support plate (1). The first end of the microscope (11) is disposed inside the black cavity (6) and faces the sampling surface of the sampling band (3) within a preset observation range. The first end and the sampling band (3) maintain a predetermined distance. The second end of the microscope (11) is located outside the black cavity (6) and is detachably installed with the image sensor (12). The image sensor (12) is used to capture images observed by the microscope (11). It also includes an optical trap (13), which is disposed inside the black cavity (6) and fixedly connected to the support plate (1). The optical trap (13) is disposed on the non-sampling surface side of the preset observation range of the sampling band (3) and maintains a predetermined distance from the sampling band (3). The optical trap (13) is made of light-absorbing material. The light source (10) is a ring-shaped machine vision light source. The ring-shaped machine vision light source is a ring-shaped object. The ring-shaped machine vision light source and the light trap (13) are symmetrically arranged on one side of the sampling surface of the sampling band (3) for illuminating visible light into the preset observation range of the sampling band (3). The transmission wheel assembly (2) includes a driving wheel (2.1), a driven wheel (2.2), and a positioning wheel (2.3); the transmission wheel assembly (2) also includes an insulating layer, which covers the outer edges of the driving wheel (2.1), the driven wheel (2.2), and the positioning wheel (2.3) respectively, to prevent electrostatic charge in the sampling belt (3) from being transferred through the transmission wheel assembly (2).

2. The automated online observation device for airborne pollen as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The microscopic device (11) includes a lens (11.1), a lens barrel (11.2), a lead screw sliding platform (11.3), a second stepper motor (11.4), and a second driver (11.5). The lead screw sliding platform (11.3) includes a base (11.31), a lead screw (11.32), and a slider (11.33). The base (11.31) is fixedly mounted on the first surface of the support plate (1). The lead screw (11.32) is rotatably mounted on the base (11.31). The slider (11.33) is slidably mounted between the two ends of the lead screw (11.32) and threadedly connected to the lead screw (11.32). The lens barrel (11.2) is fixedly connected to the slider (11.33). The lens (11.2) is... 1.1) The lens (11.1) and the lens barrel (11.2) are detachably installed. The lens (11.1) and the lens barrel (11.2) are located at the first end and the second end of the microscope device (11), respectively. The second stepper motor (11.4) is connected to the end of the lead screw (11.32). The direction of the end is consistent with the direction of the second end. The second driver (11.5) is electrically connected to the second stepper motor (11.4) and is used to drive the second stepper motor (11.4) and the lead screw (11.32) to operate in a predetermined manner.

3. The automated online observation device for airborne pollen as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The driving wheel (2.1) and the driven wheel (2.2) are rotatably disposed on the first surface of the support plate (1) at a predetermined distance and located outside the black cavity (6). The driving wheel (2.1) has a reserved space inside. The first stepper motor (4) is disposed in the reserved space and connected to the driving wheel (2.1) for driving the driving wheel (2.1) to rotate. The positioning wheel (2.3) is rotatably disposed on the first surface of the support plate (1) and located inside the black cavity (6). The sampling belt (3) is disposed around the outer edges of the driving wheel (2.1), the driven wheel (2.2), and the positioning wheel (2.3). The positioning wheel (2.3) is used to position the sampling belt (3) and make the sampling belt (3) pass through the preset observation range.

4. The automated online observation device for airborne pollen as described in claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a logic controller (14), which is electrically connected to the light source (10), the image sensor (12), the first driver (5), the second driver (11.5) and an external network, respectively, for receiving and sending instructions.

5. The automated online observation device for airborne pollen as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The collection assembly also includes a mesh screen (15) and a flow controller (16). The mesh (15) is placed over the air inlet end of the air inlet head (7) to prevent large particles from entering. The flow controller (16) is detachably installed with the air pump (9) and electrically connected to the logic controller (14) for controlling and calculating the gas flow rate through the air pump (9).

6. The automated online observation device for airborne pollen as described in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The auxiliary components also include a housing (17), a power plug (18), a power adapter, a voltage conversion board, a network cable plug (19), a lens barrel holder (20), and a coupling (21). The outer shell (17) is connected to the four periphery of the support plate (1) to form a sealed box. The first surface of the support plate (1) is located inside the sealed box. The power plug (18) is located on the outside of the side of the outer shell (17) for connecting to an external AC power source. The power adapter is electrically connected to the power plug (18) for converting AC power into DC power of a predetermined voltage. The voltage conversion board is electrically connected to the power adapter for converting the input voltage into several preset output voltages. The voltage conversion board is connected to the logic controller (14), the light source (10), and the air pump (9) respectively. The first driver (5) and the second driver (11.5) are electrically connected. The network cable plug (19) is located on the outside of the side of the housing (17) for connecting to an external network. The lens barrel fixing bracket (20) is located on the slider (11.33). The lens barrel fixing bracket (20) includes an upper clamp and a lower clamp for detachably connecting the lens barrel (11.2) and the slider (11.33). The coupling (21) is located at the connection between the lead screw (11.32) and the second stepper motor (11.4) for detachably connecting the coupling (21) and the lead screw (11.32).

7. An automated online observation method for airborne pollen, characterized in that, This is achieved using the automated online observation device for airborne pollen as described in any one of claims 1-6, comprising: The sampling strip (3) is continuously passed through the black cavity (6), the sampling strip (3) is transparent and sticky, and the black cavity (6) is a sealed container made of opaque light-absorbing material; An external ambient air is drawn into the black cavity (6) through an air inlet head using an air pump (9). The air inlet head (7) includes a slit outlet end, which is located inside the black cavity (6) and maintains a predetermined distance from the sampling band (3). The slit outlet end is directly opposite the first area of ​​the sampling surface of the sampling band (3). The first region is continuously illuminated by the light source (10) located inside the black cavity (6) within the preset observation range of the microscope (11). Image data or video data observed through the microscope device (11) is acquired using an image sensor (12).

8. The automated online observation method for airborne pollen as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Acquiring image data or video data observed by the microscope (11) using an image sensor (12) includes using a second stepper motor (11.4) to control the microscope (11) to perform layered focusing and shooting in a predetermined manner.

Images