A model for pulmonary teaching training

Abstract

This invention provides a lung teaching and training model, comprising a base plate with fixing rods on both sides of the top of the base plate. The interior of the thoracic cavity assembly houses a heart assembly, a right artery, a left artery, a trachea assembly, a right vein, a left vein, and a lung lobe. One side of the right artery is detachably connected to the right vein, and the left artery is detachably connected to the left vein. The trachea assembly is detachably connected to the right artery, left artery, right vein, and left vein, and is detachably connected to the heart assembly. The outer side of the lung lobe is detachably connected to the inner side of the anterior and posterior bones, respectively. The lung teaching and training model provided by this invention has the advantages of convenient assembly and observation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lung teaching technology, and in particular to a lung teaching and training model. Background Technology

[0002] Pleural rupture caused by various reasons allows direct communication between the pleural cavity and the outside atmosphere. Air can freely enter the pleural cavity with respiration, forming an open pneumothorax. The pressure in the pleural cavity on the injured side equals atmospheric pressure, causing the lung to collapse under pressure. The degree of collapse depends on lung compliance and the presence of pleural adhesions. The pleural cavity on the injured side remains under negative pressure, lower than the injured side, causing mediastinal shift towards the injured side. The lung on the injured side also collapses to some extent. At the same time, because the pressure in the pleural cavity on the injured side can still increase or decrease with the respiratory cycle, it causes mediastinal shift (or flutter) and residual air convection (or swing air), leading to severe ventilation and gas exchange dysfunction. Mediastinal shift causes the heart and great vessels to twist back and forth. Open pneumothorax is easily diagnosed due to the obstruction of venous blood return and reduced cardiac output caused by damage to the pleural cavity and negative pressure. Once discovered, it must be treated immediately. Depending on the conditions at the scene, self-rescue or mutual rescue should be carried out to close the chest wall wound as soon as possible to change the open pneumothorax into a closed pneumothorax. A large first aid kit with multiple layers of clean cloth or thick gauze pads can be used. If there is a large piece of Vaseline gauze or sterile plastic sheeting, it is even more suitable. The sealing dressing should be thick enough to prevent air leakage, but it should not be packed into the wound. The dressing should extend more than 5 cm beyond the wound edge. Therefore, it is essential for medical staff to master the first aid operation for open pneumothorax and improve their proficiency in the operation.

[0003] Currently, existing lung teaching and training models are inconvenient to install and observe during use, resulting in an inability to accurately master emergency pneumothorax rescue procedures and poor teaching effectiveness.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a lung teaching and training model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a lung teaching and training model that is convenient to install and observe.

[0006] The lung teaching and training model provided by this invention includes a base plate, with fixing rods on both sides of the top of the base plate. A thoracic cavity assembly is provided on the top of each fixing rod. The thoracic cavity assembly includes a spine, an anterior skeleton, and a posterior skeleton, all of which are detachably connected. Inside the thoracic cavity assembly are a heart assembly, a right artery, a left artery, a trachea assembly, a right vein, a left vein, and a lung lobe. The outer side of the heart assembly is detachably connected to the right and left arteries, one side of the right artery is detachably connected to the right vein, and the left artery is detachably connected to the left vein. The trachea assembly is detachably connected to the right, left, right, and left arteries, and the trachea assembly is detachably connected to the heart assembly. The outer side of the lung lobe is detachably connected to the inner side of the anterior and posterior skeletons.

[0007] To facilitate the installation of the fixing rod and thus the thoracic cavity assembly, a first metal sleeve is provided at both ends of the spine, and a second metal sleeve is provided on both sides of the top of the base plate. The two ends of the fixing rod are respectively located inside the first and second metal sleeves.

[0008] To facilitate the connection between the anterior and posterior ribs, the thoracic cavity assembly also includes anterior ribs, posterior ribs, anterior magnet holes, posterior magnet holes, and mounting posts. One end of the anterior rib is fixedly connected to the outer side of the anterior skeleton, and the other end of the anterior rib is provided with an anterior magnet hole.

[0009] To facilitate the installation of the anterior and posterior ribs, one end of the posterior rib is fixedly connected to the outer side of the posterior skeleton, and the other end of the posterior rib is provided with a posterior magnet hole. The anterior and posterior ribs are detachably connected through the anterior and posterior magnet holes, and a magnet mounting base is provided on one side of the posterior rib.

[0010] To facilitate the installation of the heart component, the heart component includes a first magnetic hole and a second magnetic hole on one side, and a third magnetic hole and a fourth magnetic hole on the other side.

[0011] To facilitate the installation and fixation of the heart component, the heart component also includes a front circular hole on the front surface, and a nut insert is provided inside the front circular hole.

[0012] To facilitate the installation of the right artery, the right artery includes a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole on one side, and the left artery includes a third mounting hole and a fourth mounting hole on one side.

[0013] To facilitate the installation of the left and right trachea, the trachea assembly includes a right trachea and a left trachea. The outer side of the right trachea is provided with a first magnetic block and a pin hole, and the outer side of the left trachea is provided with a second magnetic block and a fixing pin that cooperate with the first magnetic block and the pin hole.

[0014] To facilitate the installation of the right vein and the right artery, and to facilitate the installation of the left vein and the left artery, a first square hole is provided inside the right vein, and a second square hole is provided inside the left vein.

[0015] To facilitate the installation and fixation of the lung lobe, a first lung insert and a second lung insert are respectively provided on the front surface of the lung lobe. Both the first lung insert and the second lung insert are set as nut inserts, and a lung magnet is provided on the outer side of the lung lobe.

[0016] Compared with related technologies, the lung teaching and training model provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] This invention, by providing first metal sleeves at both ends of the spine and second metal sleeves on both sides of the top of the base plate, facilitates the insertion of both ends of the fixing rod into the first and second metal sleeves respectively, thereby simplifying the installation of the fixing rod and the thoracic cavity assembly. This also facilitates demonstration and teaching. Furthermore, by providing first, second, third, and fourth magnetic holes on the outer side of the heart assembly, and placing magnets inside these holes, it is possible to easily install blood vessels on the outer side of the heart assembly. Finally, by providing first and second mounting holes on one side of the right artery, it is possible to easily connect the right artery to the heart assembly. By setting a first magnetic block on one side of the right trachea, it can be easily used in conjunction with a second magnetic block in the left trachea, facilitating the connection between the right and left tracheas. By setting a first square hole and a second square hole, it can be easily installed and connected to the right vein and right artery. By setting a first lung insert and a second lung insert, it can be easily installed and fixed to the lung lobe. Furthermore, by setting a lung magnetic block, it can be easily installed and fixed to the interior of the thoracic cavity assembly, improving convenience and solving the problem that existing lung teaching and training models are inconvenient to install and observe during use, resulting in an inability to accurately master emergency pneumothorax rescue operations and poor teaching effectiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the lung teaching and training model provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2This is a front view of the thoracic cavity assembly provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the anterior skeleton provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the posterior skeleton provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cardiac component provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the right artery provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the left artery provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the tracheal assembly provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the right artery and the right vein provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the left artery and the left vein provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the lung lobe provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the dorsal structure of the posterior skeleton provided by the present invention.

[0030] Numbered in the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Fixing rod; 3. Thoracic assembly; 31. Spine; 32. Anterior skeleton; 33. Posterior skeleton; 34. Anterior rib; 35. Posterior rib; 36. Anterior magnet hole; 37. Rear magnet hole; 38. Mounting post; 4. Heart assembly; 41. First magnetic hole; 42. Second magnetic hole; 43. Third magnetic hole; 44. Fourth magnetic hole; 45. Front circular hole; 5. Right artery; 51. First mounting hole; 52. Second mounting hole; 6. Left artery; 61. Third mounting hole; 62, Fourth mounting hole; 7, Tracheal assembly; 71, Right tracheal tube; 72, Left tracheal tube; 73, First magnet; 74, Second magnet; 75, Pin hole; 76, Fixing pin; 8, Right vein; 81, First square hole; 9, Left vein; 91, Second square hole; 10, Lung lobe; 101, First lung insert; 102, Second lung insert; 103, Lung magnet; 11, Magnet mounting base; 12, First metal sleeve; 13, Second metal sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 ,in, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the lung teaching and training model provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the thoracic cavity assembly provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the anterior skeleton provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the posterior skeleton provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cardiac component provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the right artery provided by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the left artery provided by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the tracheal assembly provided by the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the right artery and the right vein provided by the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the left artery and the left vein provided by the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the lung lobe provided by the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the posterior skeleton provided by the present invention. A lung teaching and training model includes a base plate 1. Fixing rods 2 are provided on both sides of the top of the base plate 1. A thoracic cavity assembly 3 is provided on the top of the fixing rods 2. The thoracic cavity assembly 3 includes a spine 31, an anterior skeleton 32, and a posterior skeleton 33. The spine 31, anterior skeleton 32, and posterior skeleton 33 are all detachably connected. The interior of the thoracic cavity assembly 3 is provided with a heart assembly 4, a right artery 5, a left artery 6, a trachea assembly 7, a right vein 8, a left vein 9, and a lung lobe 10. The outer side of the heart assembly 4 is detachably connected to the right artery 5 and the left artery 6, one side of the right artery 5 is detachably connected to the right vein 8, and the left artery 6 is detachably connected to the left vein 9. The trachea assembly 7 is detachably connected to the right artery 5, the left artery 6, the right vein 8, and the left vein 9, and the trachea assembly 7 is detachably connected to the heart assembly 4. The outer side of the lung lobe 10 is detachably connected to the inner side of the anterior skeleton 32 and the posterior skeleton 33.

[0033] In the specific implementation process, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 12 As shown, both ends of the spine 31 are provided with a first metal sleeve 12, and both sides of the top of the base plate 1 are provided with a second metal sleeve 13. The two ends of the fixing rod 2 are respectively located inside the first metal sleeve 12 and the second metal sleeve 13.

[0034] The thoracic cavity assembly 3 also includes anterior ribs 34, posterior ribs 35, anterior magnet hole 36, posterior magnet hole 37 and mounting post 38. One end of the anterior ribs 34 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the anterior bone 32, and the other end of the anterior ribs 34 is provided with anterior magnet hole 36.

[0035] One end of the posterior rib 35 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the posterior bone 33, and the other end of the posterior rib 35 is provided with a posterior magnet hole 37. The anterior rib 34 and the posterior rib 35 are detachably connected through the anterior magnet hole 36 and the posterior magnet hole 37. A magnet mounting seat 11 is provided on one side of the posterior rib 35.

[0036] It should be noted that by setting the first metal sleeve 12 at both ends of the spine 31 and the second metal sleeve 13 on both sides of the top of the base plate 1, the two ends of the fixing rod 2 can be easily inserted into the first metal sleeve 12 and the second metal sleeve 13 respectively, thus facilitating the installation of the fixing rod 2 and the installation of the thoracic cavity assembly 3, which is convenient for demonstration and teaching. At the same time, a front magnet hole 36 and a rear magnet hole 37 are respectively set at one end of the anterior rib 34 and the posterior rib 35, and a magnet block is placed inside the front magnet hole 36 and the rear magnet hole 37, thus allowing the anterior rib 34 and the posterior rib 35 to be installed, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly.

[0037] refer to Figure 5 As shown, the heart component 4 includes a first magnetic hole 41 and a second magnetic hole 42 disposed on one side, and the heart component 4 also includes a third magnetic hole 43 and a fourth magnetic hole 44 disposed on the other side.

[0038] The heart component 4 also includes a front circular hole 45 provided on the front surface, and a nut insert is provided inside the front circular hole 45.

[0039] It should be noted that by providing a first magnetic hole 41, a second magnetic hole 42, a third magnetic hole 43, and a fourth magnetic hole 44 on the outer side of the heart component 4, and by providing magnets inside the first magnetic hole 41, the second magnetic hole 42, the third magnetic hole 43, and the fourth magnetic hole 44, it is convenient to install blood vessels on the outer side of the heart component 4. At the same time, a front circular hole 45 is provided on the front surface of the heart component 4, and a nut insert is provided inside the front circular hole 45, which facilitates the installation of the heart.

[0040] refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the right artery 5 includes a first mounting hole 51 and a second mounting hole 52 disposed on one side, and the left artery 6 includes a third mounting hole 61 and a fourth mounting hole 62 disposed on one side.

[0041] It should be noted that by providing a first mounting hole 51 and a second mounting hole 52 on one side of the right artery 5, the right artery 5 can be easily connected to the heart component 4. By providing a third mounting hole 61 and a fourth mounting hole 62 on one side of the left artery 6, and by providing magnets inside the third mounting hole 61 and the fourth mounting hole 62, the left artery 6 can be easily connected to the heart component 4.

[0042] refer to Figure 8 As shown, the tracheal assembly 7 includes a right tracheal tube 71 and a left tracheal tube 72. The outer side of the right tracheal tube 71 is provided with a first magnetic block 73 and a pin hole 75, and the outer side of the left tracheal tube 72 is provided with a second magnetic block 74 and a fixing pin 76 that cooperate with the first magnetic block 73 and the pin hole 75.

[0043] It should be noted that by setting the first magnetic block 73 on one side of the right air tube 71, it can be easily used in conjunction with the second magnetic block 74 in the left air tube 72, so that the right air tube 71 and the left air tube 72 can be easily connected. At the same time, by setting the pin hole 75 and the fixing pin 76, the air tube assembly 7 can be easily installed and fixed.

[0044] refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the right vein 8 has a first square hole 81 inside, and the left vein 9 has a second square hole 91 inside.

[0045] It should be noted that by setting the first square hole 81 and the second square hole 91, the right vein 8 and the right artery 5 can be easily installed and connected, and the left vein 9 and the left artery 6 can be easily installed and connected.

[0046] refer to Figure 11 As shown, a first lung insert 101 and a second lung insert 102 are respectively provided on the front surface of the lung lobe 10. Both the first lung insert 101 and the second lung insert 102 are set as nut inserts, and a lung magnet 103 is provided on the outer side of the lung lobe.

[0047] It should be noted that by setting the first lung insert 101 and the second lung insert 102, the lung lobe 10 can be easily installed and fixed. Furthermore, by setting the lung magnet 103, it can be easily installed and fixed inside the thoracic cavity assembly 3, thus improving convenience. Meanwhile, the base plate 1 is made of acrylic sheet, the tracheal assembly 7 is printed and painted with TPU, the cardiovascular system is printed and painted with nylon, the lung lobe 10 is printed with transparent resin, and the thoracic cavity assembly 3 is printed with white resin.

[0048] The working principle of the lung teaching and training model provided by this invention is as follows:

[0049] In use, the heart component 4, right artery 5, left artery 6, trachea component 7, right vein 8, and left vein 9 are colored separately for easy differentiation. After coloring, magnets are installed on the outside of the right artery 5 and left artery 6, and magnets are also installed at the connection between the right trachea 71 and left trachea 72. Then, the arteries and veins on the left and right sides are glued together, aligned with square pins. The trachea and veins on the left and right sides are glued together, aligned with two cylindrical pins. A nut insert is embedded in the round hole 45 on the front of the heart component 4, and the above three parts are attracted together by magnets. Then, sixteen magnets are installed on the outside of the lung lobe 10, and two nut inserts are embedded on the front surface of the lung lobe 10. Magnets are installed inside the front magnet holes 36 and the rear magnet holes 37 of the ribs 34 and 35, respectively, to facilitate the connection between the front ribs 34 and 35. Magnets are then installed at the magnet mounting base 11 on the back of the posterior skeleton 33. First metal sleeves 12 are set at both ends of the spine 31, and second metal sleeves 13 are set on both sides of the base plate 1. The posterior lung lobe 10 is then fixed to the posterior skeleton 33 with a flat-head screw. The cardiovascular and tracheal components 7 are fixed to the posterior skeleton 33 through two metal rods. The anterior lung lobe 10 and the anterior skeleton 32 are then attracted together and finally locked with a flat-head screw. Finally, the fixing rods 2 are respectively fitted inside the first metal sleeves 12 and the second metal sleeves 13 to fix the thoracic cavity model to the base plate 1, which facilitates installation and disassembly and allows for easy observation.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0051] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lung teaching and training model, characterized in that, Includes a base plate (1), with fixing rods (2) on both sides of the top of the base plate (1). A thoracic cavity assembly (3) is provided on the top of the fixing rods (2). The thoracic cavity assembly (3) includes a spine (31), anterior skeleton (32), and posterior skeleton (33). The spine (31), anterior skeleton (32), and posterior skeleton (33) are all detachably connected. The interior of the thoracic cavity assembly (3) is provided with a heart assembly (4), a right artery (5), a left artery (6), a trachea assembly (7), a right vein (8), a left vein (9), and a lung lobe (1). 0), the outer side of the heart component (4) is detachably connected to the right artery (5) and the left artery (6), one side of the right artery (5) is detachably connected to the right vein (8), the left artery (6) is detachably connected to the left vein (9), the tracheal component (7) is detachably connected to the right artery (5), the left artery (6), the right vein (8) and the left vein (9), the tracheal component (7) is detachably connected to the heart component (4), the outer side of the lung lobe (10) is detachably connected to the anterior bone The inner sides of the iliac (32) and posterior skeleton (33) are detachably connected. The heart assembly (4) includes a first magnetic hole (41) and a second magnetic hole (42) on one side. The heart assembly (4) also includes a third magnetic hole (43) and a fourth magnetic hole (44) on the other side. The heart assembly (4) also includes a front circular hole (45) on the front surface. A nut insert is provided inside the front circular hole (45). The right artery (5) includes a first mounting hole (51) and a second mounting hole (52) on one side. The left artery (6) includes a... The tracheal assembly (7) includes a right tracheal tube (71) and a left tracheal tube (72) with a third mounting hole (61) and a fourth mounting hole (62) on one side. The right tracheal tube (71) is provided with a first magnetic block (73) and a pin hole (75) on the outside. The left tracheal tube (72) is provided with a second magnetic block (74) and a fixing pin (76) that cooperate with the first magnetic block (73) and the pin hole (75) on the outside. The right vein (8) is provided with a first square hole (81) and the left vein (9) is provided with a second square hole (91).

2. The lung teaching and training model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spine (31) is provided with a first metal sleeve (12) at both ends, and the bottom plate (1) is provided with a second metal sleeve (13) on both sides of the top. The two ends of the fixing rod (2) are respectively located inside the first metal sleeve (12) and the second metal sleeve (13).

3. The lung teaching and training model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thoracic assembly (3) also includes anterior ribs (34), posterior ribs (35), anterior magnet hole (36), posterior magnet hole (37) and mounting post (38). One end of the anterior ribs (34) is fixedly connected to the outside of the anterior bone (32), and the other end of the anterior ribs (34) is provided with anterior magnet hole (36).

4. The lung teaching and training model according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the posterior rib (35) is fixedly connected to the outside of the posterior bone (33), and the other end of the posterior rib (35) is provided with a posterior magnet hole (37). The anterior rib (34) and the posterior rib (35) are detachably connected through the anterior magnet hole (36) and the posterior magnet hole (37). A magnet mounting base (11) is provided on one side of the posterior rib (35).

5. The lung teaching and training model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front surface of the lung lobe (10) is provided with a first lung insert (101) and a second lung insert (102), both of which are nut inserts. A lung magnet (103) is provided on the outer side of the lung lobe.

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